thermo scientific Sorvall X Pro ST Plus Series Centrifuges Instruction Manual

thermo scientific Sorvall X Pro ST Plus Series Centrifuges

Specifications

• Manufacturer: Thermo Fisher Scientific
• Model: Sorvall X Pro / ST Plus Series
• Intended Use: Centrifugation
• Control Interface: Graphical User Interface and LCD Control Panel
• Power Supply: AC 100-240V, 50/60Hz
• Weight: Varies by model
• Dimensions: Varies by model

Product Usage Instructions

1. Transport and Set Up

• Unpacking: Carefully unpack all components and verify the contents against the packing list.
• Location: Choose a suitable location with adequate space, ventilation, and a stable surface.
• Transporting: Handle the centrifuge with care during transportation to avoid damage.
• Product Overview: Familiarize yourself with the different parts of the centrifuge.
• Connections: Connect power and any required cables following the provided guidelines.
• Initial Startup: Power on the centrifuge and follow the startup procedures outlined in the manual.

2. Operation

• Position of Parts: Understand the layout of the centrifuge and its components.
• Power On/Off: Learn how to properly power on and off the centrifuge.
• Open/Close Lid: Follow instructions for safe opening and closing of the centrifuge lid.
• Install and Remove Rotor: Detailed steps on how to install and remove rotors safely.
• Load the Rotor: Properly load samples into the rotor following recommended guidelines.

Frequently Asked Questions

• Q: How often should I perform maintenance on the centrifuge?
  • A: Regular maintenance should be performed as per the guidelines provided in the manual. Cleaning intervals, disinfection, and other care activities should be carried out as recommended to ensure optimal performance and longevity of the centrifuge.
• Q: What should I do in case of a mechanical emergency door release?
  • A: Refer to section 6.1 of the manual for instructions on how to handle a mechanical emergency door release situation. Follow the outlined steps carefully to resolve the issue safely.

Thermo Scientific Sorvall X Pro / ST Plus Series Centrifuges
Instructions for Use
50158527-g · 05 / 2023

Preface

Preface

Before starting to use the centrifuge, read through these instructions for use carefully and follow the instructions.
The information contained in these instructions for use is the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific; it is prohibited to copy or pass on this information without explicit approval in writing by its owner.
Failure to follow the instructions and safety information in these instructions for use will result in the expiration of the seller’s warranty.

About this Manual

This manual is subdivided into the following chapters: Preface (this chapter): Contains general introductory information, explains how to identify your centrifuge,
spells out the intended use, explains the safety labels, and contains precautions. Transport and Setup: Contains the list of items supplied, explains how to transport the centrifuge to its
intended location, how to connect power and Ethernet cables and how to accomplish the basic set-up. Operation: Contains instructions for centrifugation, including basic operations like loading and installing
the rotor, entering centrifugation parameters, and running the centrifuge. Graphical User Interface: Explains the touchscreen and its menus. LCD Control Panel: Explains the LCD display, its front-panel controls and its functions. Maintenance and Care: Explains how to perform basic care activities like cleaning, disinfection,
decontamination of the centrifuge and its rotors, and explains which parts are suitable for autoclaving. Also lists regular maintenance tasks like visual inspection, ventilation grid cleaning, and more specific maintenance tasks for selected rotor types, plus parts to be replaced by Thermo Fisher Scientific authorized service during preventive maintenance. And it contains general advice for storage and shipping. Troubleshooting: Explains how to use the emergency door release in order to open the centrifuge lid when the device is out of power, how to remove icing from the centrifugation chamber, how to troubleshoot error messages that appear on the display, and how to gather device information before you call Thermo Fisher Scientific service. Technical Specifications: Lists the technical data for all centrifuge models described in this manual. Rotors: Contains rotor tables for all centrifuge models described in this manual as well as specifications and accessory information for all compatible rotors. Chemical Compatibility Chart: Contains a reference chart that indicates how centrifuge and rotor materials respond to attack through frequently-used chemical agents. Index: Lists keywords in alphabetical order, with pointers to pages where they occur.

Where Do I Find Information about my Centrifuge?
This manual covers multiple Thermo Scientific Sorvall X Pro / Sorvall ST Plus Series centrifuge models. You can identify your centrifuge model by gathering two items of information: the product series from the front panel–for example, Thermo Scientific Sorvall X Pro Series the product number and product name from the nameplate–for example, “75009900” and “Thermo
Scientific Sorvall X4 Pro” as shown in “List of Thermo Scientific Centrifuges” on page xi.

Intended Use

Intended Use for Laboratory Use Centrifuges
This centrifuge is designed to separate sample mixtures of different densities like chemicals, environmental samples and other non-human body samples.
Intended Use for IVD Centrifuges
This centrifuge can be used as IVD (In vitro diagnostic) laboratory equipment if used together with IVD tubes and IVD diagnostic analysis systems. The centrifuge separates human blood. Blood is used in numerous diagnostic tests such as hematological screening (e.g. measurement of free hemoglobulin), immunological screening (e.g. measurement of thrombocytes levels), cardio- vascular system assessment (e.g. analysis of potassium level).
ix

Preface
Intended User
This centrifuge must be operated by trained personnel only. Trained personnel can be a clinical laboratory technologist, a medical laboratory technician, or a person with an equivalent education.

Laboratory Use Centrifuges

Article No. Benchtop Centrifuge

75009720

Sorvall X1 Pro 100­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009760

Sorvall X1R Pro 220­230 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009763 75009905

Sorvall X1R Pro 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz Sorvall X4 Pro 208-240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009907 75009920
75009820

Sorvall X4 Pro 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz
Sorvall X4R Pro 220­240 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz
Sorvall X4R Pro 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009922 75009932

Sorvall X4R Pro 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz Sorvall X4F Pro 208­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009934 75009941
75009027

Sorvall X4F Pro 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz
Sorvall X4RF Pro 220­240 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz
Sorvall X4RF Pro 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009940 75009740 75009880

Sorvall X4RF Pro 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz Sorvall ST1 Plus 100­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz Sorvall ST1R Plus 220­230 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009883 75009909

Sorvall ST1R Plus 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz Sorvall ST4 Plus 208-240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009911

Sorvall ST4 Plus 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

In Vitro Diagnostic Centrifuges

Article No. Benchtop Centrifuge

75009220

Sorvall X1 Pro-MD 100­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009260

Sorvall X1R Pro-MD 220­230 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009261

Sorvall X1R Pro-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009263

Sorvall X1R Pro-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009505

Sorvall X4 Pro-MD 208-240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009506

Sorvall X4 Pro-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009507

Sorvall X4 Pro-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009520

Sorvall X4R Pro-MD 220­240 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009620

Sorvall X4R Pro-MD 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009521

Sorvall X4R Pro-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009522

Sorvall X4R Pro-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009532

Sorvall X4F Pro-MD 208­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009533

Sorvall X4F Pro-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009534

Sorvall X4F Pro-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009541

Sorvall X4RF Pro-MD 220­240 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009026

Sorvall X4RF Pro-MD 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009539

Sorvall X4RF Pro-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009540

Sorvall X4RF Pro-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009240

Sorvall ST1 Plus-MD 100­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009380

Sorvall ST1R Plus-MD 220­230 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009381

Sorvall ST1R Plus-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009383

Sorvall ST1R Plus-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009509

Sorvall ST4 Plus-MD 208-240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009510

Sorvall ST4 Plus-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009511

Sorvall ST4 Plus-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

x

Laboratory Use Centrifuges

Article No. Benchtop Centrifuge

75009924

Sorvall ST4R Plus 220­240 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009824

Sorvall ST4R Plus 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009926 75009956

Sorvall ST4R Plus 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz Sorvall ST4F Plus 208­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009954 75009959
75009025

Sorvall ST4F Plus 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz
Sorvall ST4RF Plus 220-240 V ±10%, 50 Hz 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz
Sorvall ST4RF Plus 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009957

Sorvall ST4RF Plus 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

Table i: List of Thermo Scientific Centrifuges

In Vitro Diagnostic Centrifuges

Article No. Benchtop Centrifuge

75009524

Sorvall ST4R Plus-MD 220­240 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009624

Sorvall ST4R Plus-MD 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009525

Sorvall ST4R Plus-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009526

Sorvall ST4R Plus-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009982

Sorvall ST4F Plus-MD 208­240 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009981

Sorvall ST4F Plus-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009980

Sorvall ST4F Plus-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

75009985

Sorvall ST4RF Plus-MD 220­240 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 230 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009024

Sorvall ST4RF Plus-MD 220 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009984

Sorvall ST4RF Plus-MD 120 V ±10%, 60 Hz

75009983

Sorvall ST4RF Plus-MD 100 V ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz

Preface

Signal Words and Symbols

Signal Word and Colors WARNING CAUTION NOTICE

Degree of Hazard Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. Indicates information considered important, but not hazard-related.

Table ii: Signal Words and Symbols

Symbols used on Unit and Accessories

Observe the information contained in the instructions for use to keep yourself and your environment safe.

General hazard

Refer to instruction manual

Biological hazard

Disconnect mains plug

Danger of cuts
Reminds you to ensure that the rotor is installed properly by lifting it slightly at the handle.
Table iii: Symbols used on Unit and Accessories

Direction of rotation
Floorstanding centrifuges: Cautions you to lock the castors before starting the centrifuge.

xi

Symbols used in the Instructions for Use

Preface

Observe the information contained in the instructions for use to keep yourself and your environment safe.

General hazard

Electrical hazard

Biological hazard
Hazard caused by flammable materials
Risk of crushing

Danger of cuts
Indicates information considered important, but not hazard-related.
Wear protective gloves

Wear protective goggles Table iv: Symbols used in the Instructions for Use

xii

Safety Instructions

Preface

WARNING

Not following these safety instructions can lead to hazardous situations that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. Observe the safety instructions. The centrifuge is to be used for its intended use only. Improper use can cause damages, contamination, and injuries with fatal consequences. The centrifuge must be operated by trained personnel only. It is the obligation of the operator to make sure that the proper protective clothing is used. Mind the “Laboratory Biosafety Manual” of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the regulations in your country. Keep a safety zone of minimum 30 cm around the centrifuge. Refer to “Figure 1­1: Safety Zone”. Persons and hazardous substances must be kept out of this safety zone while centrifuging.
Do not modify the centrifuge and its accessories in any unauthorized way.
Do not operate a centrifuge if its housing is open or incomplete.

WARNING

Risk of damage due to incorrect power supply.
Make sure that the centrifuge is plugged only into a power outlet that has been properly grounded.

WARNING

Risk from handling hazardous substances.
When working with corrosive samples (salt solutions, acids, bases), the accessories and the centrifuge have to be cleaned thoroughly.
Extreme care should be taken with highly corrosive substances that can cause damage and impair the mechanical stability of the rotor. These should only be centrifuged in fully sealed tubes.
The centrifuge is neither inert nor protected against explosion. Never use the centrifuge in an explosion-prone environment.
Do not centrifuge toxic or radioactive materials or any pathogenic micro- organisms without suitable safety precautions.
When centrifuging any hazardous materials mind the “Laboratory Biosafety Manual” of the World Health Organization (WHO) and any local regulations. When centrifuging microbiological samples from the Risk Group II (according to the “Laboratory Biosafety Manual” of the World Health Organization (WHO)), aerosol-tight biological seals have to be used. Visit the internet page of the World Health Organization (www. who.int) for the “Laboratory Biosafety Manual”. For materials in a higher risk group, extra safety measures must be taken.
If toxins or pathogenic substances have contaminated the centrifuge or its parts, appropriate disinfection measures have to be taken (“Disinfection” on page 5-4).
If a hazardous situation occurs, turn off the power supply to the centrifuge and leave the area immediately.
Make sure to use the proper accessories for your applications to avoid hazardous contamination.
In any case of severe mechanical failure, such as rotor or bottle crash, personnel should be aware that the centrifuge is not aerosol-tight. Leave the room immediately. Contact the customer service. Aerosols need time to settle before opening the centrifuge after a crash. Ventilated centrifuges bear a higher risk of being contaminated after a crash than refrigerated centrifuges.

WARNING

Risk of contamination. Potential contaminations will not remain in the centrifuge while the device is operated. Take appropriate protection measures to prevent spread of contaminations. A centrifuge is no closed containment.

xiii

WARNING

Preface
Damage to health from centrifuging explosive or flammable materials or substances. Do not centrifuge explosive or flammable materials or substances.

WARNING

Serious injuries can occur if you touch a spinning rotor with your hands or tools.
A rotor can still be spinning after a power failure occurs.
Do not open the centrifuge before the rotor has stopped spinning. Do not touch a spinning rotor. Open the centrifuge only if the rotor has stopped spinning.
Never use your hands or tools to stop a spinning rotor.
The emergency door release may be used in emergencies only to recover the samples from the centrifuge, for example, during a power failure (“Mechanical Emergency Door Release” on page 6-1).

WARNING

The magnets built into the rotors can have a negative effect on active implants, such as cardiac pacemakers.
The magnets are mounted on the bottom of the rotor.
Always keep a distance of 20 cm between the rotor and the active implant, as the product generates permanent magnetic fields. The magnetic field strength at a distance of 20 cm is less than 0.1 mT, so there should be no interference.

CAUTION

Risk of injuries from defective gas spring Make sure that the centrifuge lid can be opened completely and that it will stay in its position. Regularly check gas springs for their proper function. Let an authorized service technician replace defective gas springs.

Cutting injuries from broken display glass. Do not touch a damaged display.

CAUTION CAUTION

Safety can be impaired by wrong loading and worn accessories.
Always make sure that the load is as equally distributed as possible.
Do not use rotors and accessories which show any signs of corrosion or cracks. Contact customer service for further information.
Do not operate the centrifuge with an unbalanced rotor. Use only rotors which have been loaded properly.
Never overload the rotor.
Make sure that rotors and accessories are installed properly before operating the centrifuge. Follow the instructions in section “How to Install and Remove a Rotor” on page 2-5.

CAUTION

Physical harm caused by ignoring operative basics. Operate the centrifuge with a properly installed rotor. Do not move the centrifuge while it is running. Do not lean on the centrifuge. Do not put anything on the centrifuge while it is running. The centrifuge housing is not to be opened by the operator.

CAUTION

Risk of accident while moving floorstanding centrifuge
Assign at least two persons as handlers for moving a floorstanding centrifuge model. Instruct the handlers to push the centrifuge from both sides and stay out of the path of the moving centrifuge at all times.

xiv

CAUTION

Preface
Due to air friction sample integrity may be affected. The temperature of the rotor may rise significantly while the centrifuge is spinning. Ventilated units lead to a heat up of the rotor above the ambient temperature. Refrigerated units can have a deviation from displayed and set temperature to the sample temperature. Make sure the centrifuge temperature control capabilities meet your application specification. If necessary make a test run.

NOTICE

Protection capability may be impaired due to using unapproved accessories.
Use only accessories for this centrifuge which have been approved by Thermo Fisher Scientific. For a list of approved accessories refer to “Rotor Specifications” on page B-1.
Exceptions to this rule are commercially available glass or plastic centrifuge labware, provided they have been designed to fit in the rotor or the adapter cavities and are approved for the speed or the RCF value of the rotor.

NOTICE

Damage to device or malfunction due to a damaged touch screen. Do not operate the device. Power off the centrifuge. Disconnect the mains plug. Let an authorized service technician replace the touchscreen.

NOTICE

To shut down the centrifuge:
Press the “Stop” key. Turn off the centrifuge at the main switch. Pull out the power supply plug. In an emergency disconnect the power supply.
Make sure that the main switch and power supply plug can be accessed easily when setting up the centrifuge. The grounded electrical socket should be well accessible and located outside of the safety zone.

NOTICE

Working with the user interface of a floor-standing centrifuge is not ergonomic over the long term.
We recommend to use a seat if you are working on the user interface for long periods.

xv

1. Transport and Set Up

Transport and Set Up

NOTICE

It is your responsibility to ensure that all requirements are met for safety reasons.

1. 1. Unpacking
The shipping carton should be inspected upon delivery. When received, carefully examine for any shipping damage before unpacking. If damage is discovered, the delivering carrier should specify and sign for the damage on your copy of the delivery receipt. Open the carton carefully making certain that all parts (Table 1­1) are accounted for before packaging materials are discarded. Remove the packaging completely. After unpacking, if damage is found, report it to the carrier and request a damage inspection. Dispose of the packaging in accordance with local waste disposal regulations. Failure to request an inspection of damage within a few days after receipt of shipment absolves the carrier from any liability for damage. You must call for a damage inspection.
Items Supplied
Please note that the centrifuge is supplied without a rotor. Rotors and items supplied with rotors are listed in the chapter “Rotor Specifications” on page B-1.

Item
Thermo Scientific Centrifuge Power Supply Cable Printed Instructions for Use Instructions for Use on USB Anti-corrosion oil

Art. No.
50158527 50158557 70009824

Quantity
1 1 1 1 1

Table 1­1: Items Supplied If any parts are missing, please contact the nearest Thermo Fisher Scientific representative.

1. 2. Location
Operate the centrifuge only indoors. The set up location must meet these requirements: · Keep a safety zone of minimum 30 cm around the centrifuge. Refer to “Safety Zone” on page 1-2.
Persons and hazardous substances must be kept out of this safety zone while centrifuging.
Centrifuges cause vibrations. Do not store sensitive devices or dangerous objects or substances in the safety zone. WARNING Risk of impact. The centrifuge can crush objects and persons in a radius of 30 cm while spinning. Keep a safety zone of 30 cm around the centrifuge for safe operation. Make sure that no one is in the safety zone while the centrifuge is spinning.
· The supporting structure must meet these requirements: » Be stable, solid, rigid and free of resonance. » Be applicable for horizontal set up of the centrifuge. It is not allowed to put anything under the centrifuge to compensate for an uneven surface. Do not operate the centrifuge on carts or stand-alone shelving that could move during operation or is inadequately sized for the centrifuge. » Be able to hold the weight of the centrifuge.
· The centrifuge is not equipped with any means for leveling. The supporting structure must be suitably level to allow proper set up. CAUTION If you do not level the centrifuge, the centrifuge can crash because of imbalance. If you move the centrifuge, you must level it again. Do not move the centrifuge with a rotor attached to the drive shaft because damage can occur to the drive. Do not put anything below the centrifuge feet to level the centrifuge.
· Do not expose the centrifuge, accessories and samples to heat and strong sunlight. CAUTION UV rays reduce the stability of plastics. Do not subject the centrifuge, rotors and plastic accessories to direct sunlight.
1-1

Transport and Set Up · The set up location must be well ventilated at all times. · The main switch and power supply plug must be easily accessible at all times. The grounded electrical
socket should be well accesible and located outside of the safety zone.
Figure 1­1: Safety Zone
1. 3. Transporting
Before transporting a centrifuge make sure that · the power supply cable is unplugged and removed from the centrifuge. · the rotor is removed.
CAUTION Damage to centrifuge or drive shaft due to movement of an installed rotor. Always remove the rotor before you transport the centrifuge. · the centrifuge door is closed. CAUTION Hands can be squeezed by an open centrifuge door. Always close the centrifuge door before you transport the centrifuge. Before transporting a rotor make sure that · all components, like adapters and buckets are removed to prevent dropping damage.
1. 3. 1. Handling Benchtop Centrifuges
When handling a benchtop centrifuge make sure that · the centrifuge is lifted at both sides and not at the front or back.
Figure 1­2: Lifting the Tabletop Centrifuge at Both Sides WARNING Always lift the centrifuge on both sides. Never lift the centrifuge by its front or back. The centrifuge is heavy (see “Technical Specifications” on page A-1). Assign a minimum of 4 persons to lift and carry a refrigerated centrifuge. Assign a minimum of 2 persons to lift and carry a ventilated centrifuge.
1-2

1. 3. 2. Handling and Unpacking a Floorstanding Centrifuge

Transport and Set Up

Floorstanding centrifuges come strapped to a custom-made shipping pallet. The pallet has angular stops on all four corners to prevent the centrifuge from rolling off. Supplied with each pallet is a pair of rails that serve as ramps for rolling off the centrifuge to level ground.

When moving a floorstanding centrifuge make sure that
· for long-haul transport, the centrifuge must be mounted on its original shipping pallet.
· for relocation on the premises, the castors and brakes of the centrifuge are fully functional. CAUTION The centrifuge is heavy (see “Technical Specifications” on page A-1). Do not try to lift the centrifuge manually. To move the centrifuge using a forklift truck, strap it to its original shipping pallet. Never lift the centrifuge without the original shipping pallet.
WARNING Assign a minimum of 2 persons for moving the centrifuge. Instruct the handlers to push the centrifuge from both sides and stay out of the path of the moving centrifuge. A runaway centrifuge may crush a person in its path and inflict serious or lethal injury.

100 kg
4 m
Figure 1­3: Space Required for Unloading 1. Place the pallet with the centrifuge so that you have at least 4 m of space in front of the pallet, as indicated
by the cross-hatched area in Figure 1­3.

4 x 3
Figure 1­4: Removing the Outer Strapping and Packaging 2. Using a pair of scissors, cut and remove the outer strapping around the shipping package, as shown on the
left side in Figure 1­4. 3. Using a screwdriver, remove the woodscrews (four times three pieces, as indicated in Figure 1­4 from the
bottom of the cardboard box or wooden crate outer packaging. 4. Lift off the cardboard box or wooden crate, as shown on the right side in Figure 1­4.
1-3

Transport and Set Up

Figure 1­5: Removing the Inner Strapping and Cardboard Protectors
5. Using a pair of scissors, cut and remove the second set of straps securing the centrifuge to the pallet, as shown on the left side in Figure 1­5.
6. Remove the two cardboard protectors from the top of the centrifuge, as shown on the right side in Figure 1­5.
7. Remove the shrinkwrap foil wrapped around the centrifuge.

4 x

2 x

Figure 1­6: Removing the Stops from the Pallet

8. Using a screwdriver, unscrew the woodscrews (two times two pieces, as indicated on the left side of Figure 1­6) from the angular stops on the rear corners of the pallet.
9. Remove the two rear stops from the pallet, as shown on the right side in Figure 1­6.

1-4

Transport and Set Up
4 x
3 x
Figure 1­7: Mounting the Rails for Unloading 10. Locate the rails in the middle of the pallet underneath the centrifuge, as shown on the left side in Figure 1­7. 11. Using a screwdriver, remove the three woodscrews that secure the rails to the pallet. There are two screws
on one side and a third screw on the opposite side of the rail that need to be removed. 12. Remove the rails from underneath the centrifuge and place one just before each of the two front castors, as
shown on the right side in Figure 1­7. 13. Make sure the rails are correctly positioned:
a. The rails must be placed centered on the castors, so the castor wheels run exactly in the middle of each rail. a. The pallet has a beveled edge. The end of the tab must rest on the beveled edge and be completely flush with the
top surface of the pallet, as shown in the square box in the upper right corner of Figure 1­7. 14. Using two of the leftover woodscrews, fasten each rail to the pallet, as shown on the right side in Figure 1­7.
Figure 1­8: Rolling the Centrifuge off the Pallet 15. Place one person on each side of the centrifuge, as shown in Figure 1­8.
CAUTION Do not allow any persons in the path of the moving centrifuge. A runaway centrifuge may crush a person in its path and inflict serious injury. 16. Unlock the swiveling castors on the front side of the centrifuge by flipping up their locking levers, as shown in the rectangular box at the bottom center of Figure 1­7. 17. Have both persons grasp the rear corners of the centrifuge, so they can control the speed of the unit as it rolls down the ramp.
1-5

Transport and Set Up 18. Push the centrifuge off the pallet and run it slowly down the rails, carefully controlling the speed until it reaches
level ground.
19. Once the centrifuge has reached its intended location, lock the swiveling castors on the front side of the centrifuge to immobilize the centrifuge.

NOTICE

The swiveling castors can be identified by their brake levers. If you do not see the brake levers, turn the castors by 180 degrees so they stick out from under the front side of the centrifuge.

Figure 1­9: Locking the Centrifuge Castors
20. To lock the castors, step on the lever that sticks out from underneath the front side of the centrifuge, as shown in Figure 1­9.

1-6

Transport and Set Up
1. 4. Product Overview
This chapter describes the locations of signal and power connectors, and the main power switch.

1. 4. 1. 1 L Refrigerated Benchtop Centrifuges

With Graphical User Interface (GUI) Front

Back

USB; RS232; Ethernet; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch
Figure 1­10: Product overview — refrigerated benchtop 1 L centrifuge with GUI

With LCD Control Panel Front

Back

RS232; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch
Figure 1­11: Product overview — refrigerated 1 L benchtop centrifuge with LCD control panel

1. 4. 2. 1 L Ventilated Benchtop Centrifuges

With Graphical User Interface Front

Back

USB; RS232; Ethernet; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch
Figure 1­12: Product overview — ventilated 1 L benchtop centrifuge with GUI

1-7

With LCD Control Panel Front

Back

Transport and Set Up

RS232; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch

Figure 1­13: Product overview — ventilated 1 L benchtop centrifuge with LCD control panel

1. 4. 3. 4 L Refrigerated Benchtop Centrifuges

With Graphical User Interface (GUI) Front

Back

USB; RS232; Ethernet; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch

Figure 1­14: Product overview — refrigerated 4 L benchtop centrifuge with GUI
With LCD Control Panel Front

Back

RS232; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch

Figure 1­15: Product overview — refrigerated 4 L benchtop centrifuge with LCD control panel

1-8

1. 4. 4. 4 L Ventilated Benchtop Centrifuges

With Graphical User Interface Front

Back

Transport and Set Up

USB; RS232; Ethernet; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch
Figure 1­16: Product overview — ventilated 4 L benchtop centrifuge with GUI

With LCD Control Panel Front

Back

RS232; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch

Figure 1­17: Product overview — ventilated 4 L benchtop centrifuge with LCD control panel

1-9

1. 4. 5. 4 L Refrigerated Floorstanding Centrifuges
With Graphical User Interface (GUI) Front

Transport and Set Up Back

USB; RS232; Ethernet; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch
Figure 1­18: Product overview — refrigerated 4 L floorstanding centrifuge with GUI

With LCD Control Panel Front

Back

RS232; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch
Figure 1­19: Product overview — refrigerated 4 L floorstanding centrifuge with LCD control panel

1-10

1. 4. 6. 4 L Ventilated Floorstanding Centrifuges

With Graphical User Interface Front

Back

Transport and Set Up

USB; RS232; Ethernet; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch
Figure 1­20: Product overview — ventilated 4 L floorstanding centrifuge with GUI

With LCD Control Panel Front

Back

RS232; Mains Connection; Power Supply Switch

Figure 1­21: Product overview — ventilated 4 L floorstanding centrifuge with LCD control panel

1-11

1. 5. Connections
1. 5. 1. Mains Connection

Transport and Set Up

NOTICE

Connect the centrifuge into grounded electrical sockets only.

1. Turn off the Power Supply Switch. 2. Make sure that the power supply cable specification agrees with the safety standards of your country. 3. Make sure that the voltage and frequency are the same as the figures on the nameplate. 4. Make sure that the power supply cable is plugged in properly.
1. 5. 2. RS232
The centrifuge has a RS232 interface, which can be used to connect to a terminal device.
1. 5. 3. Ethernet
Some centrifuge models have a RJ45 ethernet interface, which can be used to connect to a Local Area Network (LAN). Use only equipment conforming to the IEC 60950-1 standard with the RJ45 ethernet interface.
1. 5. 4. USB
Some centrifuge models have an USB-A 2.0 port, which can be used with an USB drive. Use only equipment conforming to the USB 2.0 standard with the USB connection.
1. 6. Initial Startup
Centrifuges with a graphical user interface (GUI) In the initial startup sequence you must make some first settings: · Language · Unit Name · City and Country · Date Format · Current Date Complete these steps before using the unit. These settings can be changed again later. Refer to “Display” on page 3-41.
Centrifuges with a LCD control panel LCD control panel centrifuges are factory setup using English as preset language. Settings can be changed later. Refer to “System Menu” on page 4-8.

1-12

Operation

2. 1. Position of parts

Operation

Particle Deflection Seal; Gas spring; Centrifugation chamber; User Interface; Centrifuge lid; Drive shaft
Figure 2­1: Position of centrifuge parts shown on a ventilated centrifuge with LCD control panel

Rotor body; Cavity; Rotor lid mounting
Figure 2­2: Position of rotor parts shown on a fixed angle rotor 2-1

Operation

Slot; Key
Figure 2­3: Position of the slot in the bucket and the corresponding adapter key

Bucket; Cap latch; Bucket cap; Rotor knob; Auto-Lock button; Rotor cross
Figure 2­4: Position of rotor parts shown on a swinging bucket rotor

2-2

Operation

Rotor lid; Auto-Lock button; Rotor lid knob; Rotor cross with buckets within the windshield bowl; Windshield bowl
Figure 2­5: Position of rotor parts shown on a windshielded swinging bucket rotor

2-3

2. 2. Power on/off the Centrifuge

Operation

Figure 2­6: Rear view of benchtop centrifuge, position of the mains switch

Figure 2­7: Rear view of floorstand centrifuge, position of the mains switch
To power on the centrifuge: Push on the mains switch of the centrifuge to “1” to power it on. When the centrifuge has completed booting it is ready for operation. Once you have started running the centrifuge with your own parameters, it will show the settings from the last session after powering up. To power off the centrifuge: Set the mains switch of the centrifuge to “0” to power it off.
2. 3. Open/Close the Centrifuge Lid
To open the centrifuge lid: Press the Lid Open button on the home screen of the GUI or Open on the LCD control panel. To close the centrifuge lid: Close the centrifuge lid by pressing down on it lightly in the middle or on both sides. The locking mechanism engages to close the lid safely. The lid should audibly click into place. Double-check whether the locking mechanism has engaged properly. WARNING Do not reach into the gap between the lid and the casing. The lid is drawn shut automatically and may pinch your fingers.
2-4

Operation WARNING Do not use the mechanical emergency door release as regular procedure to open the centrifuge. Use the mechanical emergency door release only if a malfunction or power failure occurs and only when you have made sure that the rotor has stopped spinning (see “Mechanical Emergency Door Release” on page 6-1).
2. 4. How to Install and Remove a Rotor
To install a rotor: 1. Press the Open button on the home screen of the GUI or Open on the LCD control panel to open the lid of
the centrifuge. 2. Place the rotor over the drive shaft and let it slide down slowly.
The rotor clicks into place automatically. 3. Make sure that the rotor is properly installed by lifting it slightly on the handle. If the rotor can be pulled up,
then it must be reclamped to the drive shaft. 4. Make sure the rotor spins freely by turning it manually. 5. Swinging bucket rotors only: make sure that a full complement of buckets is installed before operating the
rotor. 6. Rotor lid installation:
a. Put the rotor lid on the rotor. Make sure the rotor lid is put centered on the rotor.
Figure 2­8: Put on/off the rotor lid b. Turn the rotor knob clockwise to close the rotor. Turn it counter-clockwise to open rotor.
There is no need to press the Auto-Lock key to close or open the rotor.
2-5

Operation

Figure 2­9: Turn the rotor knob
Before installing a rotor: Remove any dust, foreign objects or residue from the chamber, if necessary. Wipe the drive shaft and the rotor hub from the bottom side of the rotor with a clean cloth. Inspect the Auto-Lock and O-ring (Figure 2­11); both must be clean and undamaged.
To remove a rotor: 1. Press the Open button on the home screen or Open on the control panel to open the lid of the centrifuge. 2. Remove samples, adapters or buckets. 3. Grasp the rotor handle with both hands. 4. Press the Auto-Lock key and, at the same time, pull the rotor directly upwards and away from the drive shaft
with both hands. Make sure you do not tilt the rotor while lifting it.

Figure 2­10: Pressing the Auto-Lock key
CAUTION Do not force the rotor onto the drive shaft. If the rotor is very light, it may be necessary to carefully press it onto the drive shaft with little force. WARNING If the rotor cannot be properly locked in place after several attempts, then the Auto-Lock is defective and you are not permitted to operate the rotor. Check for any damage to the rotor: Damaged rotors must not be used. Keep the drive shaft area of the rotor clear of objects. CAUTION Make sure that the rotor is properly locked on the drive shaft before each use by pulling at its handle.
Supplementary Information
C AU T ION Unapproved or incorrectly combined rotors and accessories can cause serious damage to the centrifuge.

NOTICE

Some rotors may be too heavy to be handled by a single person. Assign a second person to assist when handling a heavy rotor. Refer to “Rotor Specifications” on page B-1 for the weight of a rotor.

2-6

Operation The approved rotors are listed in the “Rotor Program” on page A-13. Operate the centrifuge only with rotors and accessories from this list. Make sure that all components of a rotor are safely fixed when carried.
The centrifuge is equipped with a Thermo ScientificTM Auto-LockTM locking feature that automatically locks the rotor to the drive shaft.

Auto-Lock

O-ring

Figure 2­11: Auto-Lock on the drive shaft
2. 5. Load the Rotor
2. 5. 1. Assembling TX-400 Round Buckets and Adapters
When running a 75003655 round bucket with a 75003683 or 75003682 adapter make sure that you assemble the bucket and adapter correctly. The adapters have a rounded key feature that fits into a matching slot in the bucket. If the key is not in the slot, the bucket cap will not close properly and the centrifuge will not start and may cause damage to bucket, adapter and the sample.

Key Slot

Figure 2­12: Slot and Key on Paired Buckets and Rotors
2. 5. 2. Balance Loading
Load the compartments evenly. Balance opposite loads. When using swinging bucket rotors mind the following in addition: Weigh the bucket content (adapter and tube). Make sure you do not exceed the maximum compartment
load nor the weight difference limit for adjacent buckets if there is one for the rotor. Make sure to install all buckets if using swinging bucket rotors.
Make sure you install an identical bucket type in opposite positions. If in doubt, contact Thermo Fisher Scientific customer service.

2-7

Correct Loading
Figure 2­13: Correct loading examples for fixed angle rotors

Operation

Figure 2­14: Correct loading examples for swinging bucket rotors
Incorrect Loading
Figure 2­15: Incorrect loading examples for fixed angle rotors
Figure 2­16: Incorrect loading examples for swinging bucket rotors
Before loading a Rotor 1. Inspect the rotor and all accessory parts for damage, such as cracks, scratches, or traces of corrosion. 2. Inspect the centrifugation chamber, drive shaft and Auto-Lock device for damage, such as cracks, scratches,
or traces of corrosion. 3. Check the suitability of the rotor and other used accessories against the Chemical Compatibility Chart. Refer
to “Chemical Compatibility” on page C-1. 4. Make sure that:
» tubes or bottles fit in the rotor. » the tubes or bottles do not touch the rotor lid or bucket caps. » buckets or microplate carrier can swing freely by moving them carefully with your hand.
2-8

CAUTION

Incorrect loading can lead to damage. Always load the rotor symmetrically to avoid imbalance, noisy spinning and possible damage. A full complement of buckets needs to be installed before operating a swinging bucket rotor.

Operation

C AU T ION When using an aerosol-tight rotor lid or bucket caps, verify that the sample tubes don’t interfere with the rotor lid or bucket cap and don’t compromise its sealing efficiency.

C AU T ION Always use 2 identical bucket types in opposite positions. Make sure that opposite buckets are of the same weight class, if a weight class is labeled on the buckets.

CAUTION

Tubes may open and break during centrifugation because they do not fit properly to the cavities. Contamination may occur. Make sure that the length and width of the tubes are fitting into the adapter and cavities. Do not use tubes that are too short or too thick for the adapter and the cavities.

2. 5. 3. Maximum Loading
Each rotor is designed to run with its maximum load at maximum speed. The safety system of the centrifuge requires that the rotor is not overloaded.
The rotors are designed to work with substance mixtures with a density of up to 1.2 g/ml. If the admissible maximum load is exceeded, the following steps need to be taken: Reduce the fill level. Reduce the speed.
Use the following formula or the table given for each rotor in the chapter “Rotor Specifications” on page B-1 to calculate the maximum admissible speed for a given load:

nadm = admissible maximum application speed nmax = maximum rated speed wmax = maximum rated load wapp = applied load
RCF Value Explained The relative centrifugal force (RCF) is given as a multiple of the force of gravity (g). It is a unitless numerical value which is used to compare the separation or sedimentation capacity of various centrifuges, since it is independent of the type of device. Only the centrifuging radius and the speed are used for calculation:
r = centrifuging radius in cm n = rotational speed in rpm The maximum RCF value is related to the maximum radius of the tube opening. Remember that this value is reduced depending on the tubes, buckets and adapters used. This can be accounted for in the calculation above if required.

2-9

2. 5. 4. Use of Tubes and Consumables
Make sure that the tubes and bottles used in the centrifuge are: rated to or above the selected RCF to be spun at, used at their minimum fill volume and not above their maximum fill volume, not used above their design life (age or number of runs), undamaged, fitting well into the cavities. Please refer to manufacturers’ data sheets for further information.

Operation

2. 6. Identify Rotor and Buckets
The centrifuge has a rotor detection that identifies an installed rotor. If a swing-out rotor is identified, the centrifuge prompts you to identify the bucket type installed in that rotor.
Rotor detection relies on a list of rotors stored in the memory of the centrifuge. If an unknown rotor is detected, please contact customer service. An update for that rotor list might be available to accommodate new rotor models.

To identify a newly installed rotor and its buckets using a centrifuge with a GUI:
After installing the rotor, close the centrifuge lid and start the centrifuge using the Start button “Rotor Detection” prompt to appear.

. Wait for the

Figure 2­17: Rotor Detection: Choosing a Bucket Type for a TX-750 Rotor
» Swinging bucket rotors with a choice of bucket types: Tap the “buckets” pop- up menu and choose the bucket type installed in your rotor. If there is no need to confirm bucket type in the future–for example, because you use just one bucket type throughout, select the “Do not show this message again” checkbox. This setting can be undone at any time using the “Bucket” setting, as explained in “Rotor Bucket” on page 3-40. Tap the Save button to confirm your changes.
The rotor has been successfully detected, and the centrifuge is ready for use now. The rotor detected by the centrifuge and the bucket type identified by the user appear. If the rotor is unknown to the centrifuge, the “Unknown Rotor Detected” pop-up window will be shown. Tap the Cancel button to close this pop-up window, remove the unknown rotor, and replace it with a known type.
To identify buckets using a centrifuge with a LCD control panel: Bucket selection is only possible for swing-out rotors. The bucket code corresponds to the last four digits of the bucket article number. Proceed as follows to select the bucket type installed in the rotor: 1. Press the + or – button below the “Bucket” field of the LCD display window (see Figure 2­18) to select the
correct bucket code for the buckets installed in your rotor.

2-10

Operation

3608

Figure 2­18: Setting the Correct Bucket Code 2. Press the Bucket key repeatedly until the bucket code of the bucket being used is displayed. 3. Release the + or – button when the desired bucket code appears above the button.
Doing so selects the bucket code for future centrifugation runs (until the next time you choose to change this setting).
2. 7. Set Basic Centrifugation Parameters

NOTICE

For more details on settings refer to “Graphical User Interface” on page 3-1 or to “LCD Control Panel” on page 4-1.

Set Speed / RCF-Value The centrifuge lets you set speed in rpm or as an RCF value (see “RCF Value Explained” on page 2-9). You may set speed either from within an ongoing centrifugation run (centrifuge running) or for the next centrifugation run (centrifuge at standstill).
Set Run Time The centrifuge lets you set a run time after which the centrifugation run stops automatically.
Acceleration and Deceleration Profiles The centrifuge offers a total of 9 acceleration profiles (numbered 1 through 9) and total of 10 deceleration profiles or braking curves (numbered 0 through 9) for centrifuging samples with a selected speed profile. An acceleration profile gradually increases the speed of the centrifuge after starting the centrifugation run. A deceleration profile gradually reduces the speed of the centrifuge towards the end of the centrifugation run. NOTICE Avoid if possible speed ranges close to natural resonances of the system. Runs at resonance speeds may have show vibration and an adverse effect on the quality of separation.
Set Temperature A refrigerated centrifuge allows for preselecting a temperature for the sample between -10 °C and +40 °C for the centrifugation run. This feature is not available on ventilated models.
2. 8. Pre-Temper the Centrifugation Chamber
Refrigerated centrifuges allow for pre-tempering, that is pre-warming or pre- cooling, the centrifugation chamber and the empty rotor before the centrifugation run starts. If necessary pre-temper your samples using proper equipment. The centrifuge is not intended to be used to pre-temper your samples. NOTICE Ventilated models cannot pre-temper the centrifugation chamber.
2-11

2. 9. Centrifugation
WA RNING Damage to health from centrifuging explosive or flammable materials or substances. Do not centrifuge explosive or flammable materials or substances.

Operation

CAUTION

Due to air friction sample integrity may be affected.
The temperature of the rotor may rise significantly while the centrifuge is spinning. Ventilated units lead to a heat up of the rotor above the ambient temperature. Refrigerated units can have a deviation from displayed and set temperature to the sample temperature. Make sure the centrifuge temperature control capabilities meet your application specification. If necessary make a test run.

Mind the safety zone of minimum 30 cm around the centrifuge. Refer to “Safety Zone” on page 1-2. Persons and hazardous substances must be kept out of this safety zone while centrifuging.
Once the main switch has been turned on, the rotor has been properly installed, the setpoints have been set as explained in the previous section, and the centrifuge lid has been closed, you are ready to start.
You have various options to start a centrifugation run with a GUI: Continuous Mode: This is a fully manual mode. If you have chosen Continuous Mode instead of a preset
runtime (see “Set Run Time” on page 3-8), use the Start button and Stop button to start and stop centrifugation manually, as explained in the section “Run in Continuous or Timed Mode” on page 3-12 further below. Timed Mode: This is a semi-automatic mode that relies on a timer. If you have preset a runtime (see “Set Run Time” on page 3-8), tap the Start button , then and wait for the timer to expire and the centrifuge to stop automatically, as explained in the section “Run in Continuous or Timed Mode” on page 3-12. Pulse Mode: This is a short-run centrifugation mode with selectable behaviors. You choose a behavior, then tap the Pulse button and wait for the centrifuge to run and stop automatically, as explained in the section “Run in Pulse Mode” on page 3-13. Program Mode: This is a fully automatic mode. You prepare and save an automated program, then run it from the touchscreen, as explained in the section “Automate Processes Using Programs” on page 3-20.

NOTICE

For more details on settings refer to “Graphical User Interface” on page 3-1.

You have various options to start a centrifugation run with a LCD control panel:
Continuous Mode: This is a fully manual mode. In Continuous Mode you use the Start key Start and Stop key Stop to start and stop centrifugation manually, as explained in the section “Continuous Operation” further below.
Timed Mode: This is a semi-automatic mode that relies on a timer. If you have preset a runtime (see “4. 2. 2. Set Run Time” on page 4-3), you press the Start key Start , then wait for the timer to expire and the centrifuge to stop down automatically.
Program Mode: This is a fully automatic mode. You prepare and save an automated program, as explained in the section “Setting Up and Saving a Program” on page 4-6, then run it by pressing the appropriate program selection key . Program 1

NOTICE

For more details on settings refer to “LCD Control Panel” on page 4-1.

2-12

2. 10. Aerosol-Tight Applications

Operation

2. 10. 1. Basic Principles
Make sure that the sample containers are well suited for the desired centrifugation process.
C AU T ION Aerosol-tight rotors and tubes may only be opened in an approved safety work-bench when centrifuging dangerous samples. Mind the maximum permissible load.

C AU T ION Be sure to check all sealings before starting any aerosol-tight applications.

2. 10. 2. Fill Level
Do not fill the tubes beyond a safe level to prevent the sample from reaching the top of the tube during centrifugation. To be on the safe side, fill the tubes only to 2/3 of the rated level.
2. 10. 3. Aerosol-Tight Rotor Lids

Figure 2­19: Lid of an aerosol-tight rotor with mandrel
Placing O-ring The O-ring fulfills its purpose best, when it is neither excessively stretched nor bulged. The O-ring shall be equally placed in the groove of the lid. Place the O-ring as follows: 1. Place the O-ring above the groove. 2. Push the O-ring on two opposite places into the groove. Make sure the rest of the O-ring is equally distributed. 3. Push the centers of the loose parts into the groove. 4. Push the remaining O-ring into place.
NOTICE If the O-ring seems to be too long or too short, take it off the lid and repeat the process.
C AU T ION When using an aerosol-tight rotor lid, verify that the sample tubes do not interfere with the rotor lid and compromise its sealing efficiency.
C AU T ION Rotors supplied with a lid for aerosol-tight applications come with a mandrel as an accessory to the Auto-Lock device. Be sure not to place the lid on this mandrel. The lid may be damaged.
2. 10. 4. Aerosol-Tight Rotor Buckets Aerosol-tight Closure with ClickSeal
1. If necessary, grease the lid joint before closing the lid. Use grease (76003500) for this. 2. Raise the latch.
The cap can now be easily placed on the bucket. 3. Lower the latch to close the bucket aerosol-tight; be sure the latch clicks into place.
Make sure that both sides of the latch are closing the bucket cap.
2-13

Operation
Figure 2­20: Bucket with open lid (left) and closed lid (right)
C AU T ION If the latch is not flipped down, the caps could be damaged during centrifugation. If the latch has not clicked into place, the bucket is not aerosol-tight. Never lift the bucket at its latch.
C AU T ION Make sure that the length of tubes used allow proper closing of the bucket cap. Otherwise the bucket will not be aerosol-tight.
2. 10. 5. Checking the Aerosol-Tightness
The aerosol-tightness testing of the rotors and buckets depends on the microbiological test process in accordance with the EN 61010-2-020 Appendix AA. Whether or not a rotor is aerosol-tight depends primarily on proper handling. Make sure that your rotor is aerosol-tight. The careful inspection of the seals and seal surfaces for signs of wear and damage such as cracks, scratches and embrittlement is extremely important. Aerosol-tight applications are not possible if the rotor is run without the lid. Aerosol-tightness requires the correct operation when filling the sample vessels and closing the rotor lid. Quick Test As a quick test, it is possible to test the aerosol- tightness using the following process: 1. Lubricate all seals lightly.
Always use the special grease (76003500) when lubricating the seals. 2. Fill the bucket with approx. 10 ml of carbonated mineral water. 3. Close the bucket as explained in the handling instructions. 4. Shake the bucket vigorously using your hands.
This releases the carbonic acid gas which is bound in the water, resulting in excess pressure. Do not apply pressure to the lid when doing so. Leaks can be detected by escaping water or the sound of escaping gas. Replace the seals if you detect any leaks. Then repeat the test. Dry the rotor, rotor lid and the cover seal. CAUTION Prior to each use, the seals in the rotor are to be inspected in order to assure that they are correctly seated and are not worn or damaged. Damaged seals are to be replaced immediately. Replacement seals can be re-ordered as a spare part (“Rotor Specifications” on page B-1). When loading the rotor, ensure that the rotor lid closes securely. Damaged rotor covers are to be replaced immediately.
C AU T ION This quick test is not suited for validating the aerosol tightness of a rotor. Check the seals and sealing surfaces of the lid thoroughly.
2-14

Graphical User Interface

Graphical User Interface

This chapter contains details for centrifuges with the graphical user interface described in this manual. Pictures shown are examples and may be different in details to your experience ­ for example the home screen for a ventilated unit does not feature an on-screen button entry for entering temperature.

3. 1. Overview
The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a color touchscreen display unit. The touchscreen is subdivided into four main screen regions. Figure 3­1 presents the arrangement of the screen areas described in the following.

Figure 3­1: Screen Areas
The four screen areas offer the following features: The “Info & Health Status” area (Region 1 in Figure 3­1 above) shows the name of the centrifuge, the
current date and time, the unit`s overall health status, and a login area when password protection is activated. For an overview, “Info & Health Status Area (Region 1)” on page 3-2. The “Main” screen (Region 2 in Figure 3­1 above) displays the main operating parameters of the unit, including current speed, speed setpoint, acceleration and deceleration profiles, temperature, and current runtime as well as runtime setpoint. When alarms or reportable events occur, this part of the display screen shows alarm or event information. For an overview, “Main Screen (Region R2)” on page 3-2. The “Control Panel” (Region 2B in Figure 3­1 above) has touch-sensitive buttons for controlling the major functions of the unit, such as pre-tempering (refrigerated models only), pulse, stop, open lid, and information. For an overview, “Control Panel (Region R2B)” on page 3-5. The navigation bar (Region R3 in Figure 3­1) holds iconic shortcuts to settings screens. Tapping any of these icons displays the settings screen in the “Main” screen area. For an overview, “Navigation Bar (Region R3)” on page 3-5.
Figure 3­2 shows the touchscreen display for a ventilated centrifuge.

Figure 3­2: Touchscreen Display for Ventilated Centrifuge Figure 3­3 shows the touchscreen display for a refrigerated centrifuge, which has an additional button and a temperature field.
3-1

Graphical User Interface
Figure 3­3: Touchscreen Display for Refrigerated Centrifuge
Info & Health Status Area (Region 1)
The “Info & Health Status” area at the top of the display window appears in all screen displays. Figure 3­4 shows an example of the “Info & Health Status” area on a unit that is in proper working condition.
Figure 3­4: Info & Health Status Area The “Info & Health Status” area displays the following information: Unit Name (top left in Figure 3­4), as entered during the initial setup (see “Initial Startup” on page 1-12) or
adjusted later on (“Unit Name” on page 3-44). Date/Time (bottom left in Figure 3­4), as entered during the initial setup (see “Initial Startup” on page
1-12) or adjusted later on (“3. 7. 4. Date” on page 3-42 and “Time” on page 3-43). The Unit Health Status icon (center in Figure 3­4) is a touch-sensitive area that opens a “Health Status”
pop-up window on top of the “Main” Screen. Four different icons may appear in this place, representing the overall health status of the centrifuge:
The heart-shaped Health Status Good icon indicates that the unit is in proper operating condition. For more details, “3. 5. Status, Alarms and Alerts” on page 3-14.
The triangle is a health status warning icon. It indicates that there is an issue that does not stop the centrifuge immediately, yet requires the operator`s attention soon. For more details, “3. 5. Status, Alarms and Alerts” on page 3-14. The bell Health Status Alarm icon indicates that there are one or more major alarm conditions that need to be corrected because they may constitute a hazard to the operator, the unit itself, or the samples. The white digit in the blue circle indicates how many alarms exist. The sound waves on both sides of the bell indicate that the alarm is sounding. For more details, “3. 5. Status, Alarms and Alerts” on page 3-14. The Health Status Alarm icon indicates that there are one or more major alarm conditions that need to be corrected because they may constitute a hazard to the operator, the unit itself, or the samples. The white digit in the blue circle indicates how many alarms exist. The diagonal line across shows that the alarm has been snoozed. For more details, “3. 5. Status, Alarms and Alerts” on page 3-14. The “Login” prompt (top right in Figure 3­4) appears only if the unit is set up to operate in “Secure Mode” (“3. 6. 3. Access Control” on page 3-32).
Main Screen (Region R2)
The “Main” screen takes up the main part of the touchscreen and displays the content selected by tapping an icon in the navigation bar at left. The navigation bar lets you navigate to the full set of screens you need for operating and setting up the centrifuge.
3-2

Graphical User Interface
Home Screen Figure 3­5 shows the “Home” screen and its icon in the navigation bar. The “Home” screen is the default screen from where you run all routine centrifuge operations. It has touchsensitive fields and buttons that let you set speed, runtime, pre-tempering target temperature (refrigerated models only), start and stop the centrifuge, as well as open the lid. Figure 3­5 below shows an example of the “Home” screen when the centrifuge is in idle mode, with all running parameters at zero and the lid open. The setpoints for the major operational parameters are already set, so the centrifuge can be started after closing the lid.
Figure 3­5: Home Screen for Idle Centrifuge Figure 3­6 and Figure 3­7 illustrate the “Home” screen when the centrifuge is running. The major operational parameters (speed, runtime and pre-tempering temperature) are at their current values.
Figure 3­6: Home Screen for Running Centrifuge, Ventilated Models
Figure 3­7: Home Screen for Running Centrifuge, Refrigerated Models
3-3

Graphical User Interface 1 The Home button opens the “Home” screen shown in Figure 3­6 and Figure 3­7. 2 The speed box shows the current speed (top) and the speed setpoint (bottom) for the ongoing or
upcoming centrifugation run. Tapping the speed box lets you set the speed setpoint and toggle the unit between rpm and x g. For more details, see “Overview” on page 3-1. 3 The rotor type / bucket type box shows the rotor type and bucket type installed. With certain rotor models, the rotor identification feature of the centrifuge will prompt you to confirm the bucket type before the centrifugation starts. For more details, see “Identify Rotor and Buckets” on page 2-10. 4 The acceleration / deceleration profile box shows the currently selected profile numbers for acceleration during startup or deceleration during rundown. Tapping the acceleration / deceleration profile box lets you choose an acceleration / deceleration profile. For more details, see “Acceleration and Deceleration Profiles” on page 3-9 . 5 The temperature box (refrigerated models only) shows the current temperature for the sample (top) and the pre-tempering setpoint (bottom) for the ongoing or upcoming centrifugation run. Tapping the temperature box lets you set the setpoint for pre-tempering. For more details, see “Pre-Temper the Centrifugation Chamber” on page 3-11. 6 The runtime box shows the remaining runtime (top) and the runtime setpoint (bottom) for the ongoing or upcoming centrifugation run. Tapping the runtime box lets you set the runtime in hours, minutes, and seconds. For more details, see “Set Run Time” on page 3-8. 7 The Start/Stop button starts and stops the centrifuge. The functions of the buttons are explained in the section “Control Panel (Region R2B)” on page 3-5. Settings Screen The “Settings” screen shown in Figure 3­8 is the point of entry for all settings you make to customize the centrifuge to your needs. You can display this screen by tapping the Settings icon from the navigation bar.
Figure 3­8: Settings Main Screen The settings options for the centrifuge include: Alarms Alerts Controls Display Files and Info Access Control Service
3-4

Graphical User Interface
Control Panel (Region R2B)
The “Control Panel” in Screen Region R2B contains a complete set of controls for operating the functions of the centrifuge. The inventory of buttons varies with the number of options built into the unit, as can be seen in Figure 3­9 and Figure 3­10. The “Control Panel” is visible at all times below the “Home” Screen. Figure 3­9 shows the “Control Panel” for a ventilated centrifuge.
Figure 3­9: Control Panel for Ventilated Centrifuge
Figure 3­10 shows the “Control Panel” for a refrigerated centrifuge.
Figure 3­10: Control Panel for Refrigerated Centrifuge
The icons on the control panel are grayed out while inactive and surrounded by a light gray frame while the function is in use. A frame dimmed to dark gray, as shown for the Pulse and Start buttons in the examples above, indicates that the function is available, but currently not in use. Functions that are currently working are identified by a light gray frame around the button, as shown with the Pretemp icon shown in Figure 3­10.
Tapping the Pretemp button and then the Start button starts pre-tempering of the centrifugation chamber to the target temperature previously set in the temperature box of the home screen. Tapping the Pretemp button one more time stops pre-tempering. This button is deactivated (left) when the centrifuge is running, activated (center) when the centrifuge is at standstill, and surrounded by a gray frame (right) while pre-tempering is ongoing. For more details, see “Pre-Temper the Centrifugation Chamber” on page 3-11. The Pulse button launches a continuous or timed run of the centrifuge, as preselected in the centrifuge’s settings. Tapping the Pulse button one more time (or the Stop button) stops the centrifuge. This button is deactivated (top) when the centrifuge is started using the Start button, activated for launching Pulse mode when the centrifuge is at standstill (center), and surrounded by a gray frame while the centrifuge is running in Pulse mode (bottom). For more details, see “Run in Pulse Mode” on page 3-13. The behaviour of the button can be customized, see “Pulse Customization” on page 3-37. The Start button starts the centrifuge immediately, using the settings made in the boxes of the “Home” screen. When the centrifuge is running, the button label changes to Stop. Tapping the button one more time stops the centrifuge run and reverts the button label to Start. For more details, see “Centrifugation” on page 3-12. The Open button unlocks and opens the centrifuge lid. This button is deactivated (left) while the centrifuge is running or pre-tempering, activated (center) for opening when the centrifuge is at standstill, and surrounded by a gray frame (right) while the lid is open.
Navigation Bar (Region R3)
Besides of the “Home” button described in the section “Main Screen (Region R2)” on page 3-2, the navigation bar holds icons for all major settings and the event logs of the centrifuge. Figure 3­11 shows the two states of the navigation bar. By default the navigation bar (item 1 in Figure 3­11) is visible to the left of the “Home” screen. By tapping the Show/Hide arrow button (item 3 in Figure 3­11) in the middle, it can be hidden (item 2 in Figure 3­11) to show more of the “Home” screen. Tapping the Show/Hide arrow button again redisplays the navigation bar.
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Graphical User Interface
Navigation bar visible Navigation bar hidden Show/Hide arrow button

Figure 3­11: Navigation bar The navigation bar has the following icons:

Icon

Function
Back button: In multi-level menus, lets you run backwards through all screens previously displayed. For example, if you have tapped the Settings button, then opened another submenu, tapping this button will return you back up one level at a time. If there is no level to go back to, this icon is dark gray and not active. If there is a level to go back to, this icon is blue and can be tapped. This button is inactive and grayed out if you are on the “Home” Screen. Home button: Returns to the “Home Screen”, discussed in the section “Main Screen (Region R2)” on page 3-2.
Settings button: Opens the “Settings” screen with various options for parameter settings; “Settings” on page 3-29.
Event Log button: Opens a screen where you can view and export the event log of the centrifuge; “Logs” on page 3-44

Files and Info button: Opens the “Files and Info” screen that provides product version information and allows administrators to perform a factory reset of the centrifuge; see “Files and Info” on page 3-50
Alarm Settings button: Opens the “Alarm and Alerts Settings” screen where you can configure how alarms and alerts appear on screen; “3. 6. 1. Alarms” on page 3-29 and “Alerts” on page 3-31
Programs button: Opens the “Programs” screen where you can program centrifugation runs; “Automate Processes Using Programs” on page 3-20.

Table 3­1: Navigation bar icons
3. 2. Set Basic Centrifugation Parameters
This section explains how to set up the centrifuge with speed / RCF values, acceleration and deceleration profiles, temperature (refrigerated models only) and other operating parameters.
3. 2. 1. Set Speed / RCF-Value
The centrifuge lets you set speed in rpm or as an RCF value (see “RCF Value Explained” further below). You may set speed either from within an ongoing centrifugation run (centrifuge running) or for the next centrifugation run (centrifuge at standstill). NOTICE After the centrifuge is turned on, it shows the default selection made in the “Settings -> Setpoints” screen; see “Setpoints” on page 3-34.

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Graphical User Interface
RCF Value Explained The relative centrifugal force (RCF) is given as a multiple of the force of gravity (g). It is a unitless numerical value which is used to compare the separation or sedimentation capacity of various centrifuges, since it is independent of the type of device. Only the centrifuging radius and the speed are used for calculation: r = centrifuging radius in cm n = rotational speed in rpm The maximum RCF value is related to the maximum radius of the tube opening. Remember that this value is reduced depending on the tubes, buckets and adapters used. This can be accounted for in the calculation above if required. Proceed as follows to set a speed or RCF value: 1. Tap the speed box on the “Home” screen.
Figure 3­12: Speed Box on Home Screen The “Setpoints: Standard” screen shown in Figure 3­13 or “Setpoints: Advanced” screen shown in Figure 3­14 appears.
Figure 3­13: Setpoints: Standard Screen for Refrigerated Centrifuge When the centrifuge is set up to run in “Advanced Mode” (see the section “Setpoints Mode” on page 3-36), the “Setpoints: Advanced” screen shown in Figure 3­14 appears instead.
Figure 3­14: Settings -> Controls -> Setpoints: Advanced Screen for Ventilated Centrifuge 3-7

Graphical User Interface 2. Tap the rpm or x g radio button to toggle between speed (in rpm, which is short for revolutions per minute)
and RCF (in x g, which means multiples of the force of gravity).
Figure 3­15: Setpoints Screen Detail for Centrifuge Speed, and Range 3. Tap in the Speed entry field shown in Figure 3­15, then use the keypad on the right to enter the desired
speed. The admissible speed range for the current rotor appears just below the “Speed” label to assist you in setting speed correctly. When you tap the Speed entry field, the previous setting will be replaced immediately as you start entering digits on the keypad. NOTICE If you select an extremely low RCF value, it will be automatically corrected if the resulting speed is less than 300 rpm. 300 rpm is the lowest selectable speed. 4. Tap the Save button to save the speed setting for the ongoing or the next centrifugation run. Invalid Rotor Speed Setpoint If the centrifuge cannot be run with the setpoint you have just entered, an Out of range warning appears beneath the setpoint entry field. You will not be able to continue until you have supplied an acceptable setpoint value.
Figure 3­16: Settings -> Controls -> Setpoints Screen: Out of Range Value Alert
Invalid Rotor Speed Set with Centrifuge Running If you try to change the speed from within an ongoing centrifugation run and your settings are out of range, the Invalid “Rotor Speed” pop-up window appears.
Figure 3­17: Invalid Rotor Speed Pop-up Window) Tap the Stop Unit button to stop the rotor, then tap the speed box one more time to correct your speed setting. Alternatively, tap the Continue Running button to continue at the maximum allowed speed.
3. 2. 2. Set Run Time
The centrifuge lets you set a run time after which the centrifugation run stops automatically. NOTICE After the centrifuge is powered on, it shows the default selection made in the “Settings -> Setpoints” screen; see “Setpoints” on page 3-34. Proceed as follows to set run time: 1. Tap the run time box on the “Home” Screen.
Figure 3­18: Run Time Box on Home Screen The “Setpoints: Standard” screen or “Setpoints: Advanced” screen is appears.
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Run Time in Standard Mode

Graphical User Interface

Tap in the Time entry field above and use the keypad shown to enter the desired run time period.

Run time is shown in “hh:mm:ss”. For example, if you want to enter 2 hours and 30 min you must first tap “2” on the keypad. This will set the run time to “00:00:02”. Then tap “3” on the keypad. This will set the run time to “00:00:23”. When tapping “000” next on the keypad the set run time shows “02:30:00”, which is 2 hours and 30 min.

Figure 3­19: Run Time Box on Home Screen
The admissible time range for the current rotor appears just below the “Time” label to assist you in setting run time correctly. When you tap the Time entry field, the previous setting will be replaced immediately as you start entering digits on the keypad. Run Time in Advanced Mode In “Advanced Mode” the Time entry field has an extra click-wheel and changes its appearance with the option you select. You have three options to choose from: » Timed: Sets the run time in hours, minutes, and seconds. » Continuous: Starts a no-limit run, stopped only by tapping the Stop button on the “Home” screen. » ACE (Accumulated Centrifugal Effect): The ACE feature is an integrator function that calculates the
effect of speed in relation to time and adjusts run time to account for differences in acceleration. ACE is a mathematical model that helps you to transfer applications and their parameter settings between centrifuges. For example, when you transfer an application to a new centrifuge, ACE ensures that the application runs in exactly the same way and yields the same results as on a legacy centrifuge.
2. Tap the Save button to save the run time setting for the ongoing or for the next centrifugation run.
3. 2. 3. Acceleration and Deceleration Profiles
The centrifuge offers a total of 9 acceleration profiles (numbered 1 through 9) and total of 10 deceleration profiles or braking curves (numbered 0 through 9). An acceleration profile gradually increases the speed of the centrifuge after starting the centrifugation run. A deceleration profile gradually reduces the speed of the centrifuge towards the end of the centrifugation run.
NOTICE Avoid if possible speed ranges close to natural resonances of the system. Runs at resonance speeds may have show vibration and an adverse effect on the quality of separation. Proceed as follows to select an acceleration or deceleration profile:
1. Tap the Accel / Decel icon on the left in the “Acceleration / Deceleration Profile” box on the “Home” screen, shown in Figure 3­20 below.

Figure 3­20: Acceleration / Deceleration Profile Box on Home Screen
The “Setpoints: Standard” screen shown in Figure 3­13 or “Setpoints: Advanced” screen shown in Figure 3­14 appears. Acceleration: Curve number 1 provides the slowest and curve number 9 the fastest acceleration rate. Deceleration: Curve number 0 disables active deceleration. Curve number 1 provides the slowest active and curve number 9 the fastest active deceleration rate. 2. Tap in the Accel or Decel entry field, then use the keypad on the right to enter the number for the desired profile. The admissible range of numbers appears just below the “Accel” or “Decel” label to assist you in choosing the desired profile. When you tap the Accel or Decel entry field, the previous setting will be replaced immediately as you start entering digits on the keypad. 3. Tap the Save button to save the acceleration and deceleration profile setting for the ongoing or for the next centrifugation run. 4. Release the or button when the number of the desired acceleration and deceleration profile appears in the display window. Doing so selects the acceleration and deceleration profile for the next centrifugation run.
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3. 2. 4. Set Temperature

Graphical User Interface

A refrigerated centrifuge allows for preselecting a temperature for the sample between -10 °C and +40 °C for the centrifugation run. This feature is not available on ventilated models. Temperatures displayed by the centrifuge are the estimated sample temperatures.

CAUTION Due to air friction sample integrity may be affected. The temperature of the rotor may rise significantly while the centrifuge is spinning. Refrigerated units can have a deviation from displayed and set temperature to the sample temperature. Make sure the centrifuge temperature control capabilities meet your application specification. If necessary make a test run.
Proceed as follows to set a temperature for the next centrifugation run:

1. Tap the temperature box on the “Home” screen, shown in Figure 3­21 below.

Figure 3­21: Temperature Box on Home Screen
The “Setpoints: Standard” screen or “Setpoints: Advanced” screen is displayed. 2. Tap in the Temp entry field, then use the keypad on the right to enter the temperature for the sample setpoint.
The admissible temperature range for the unit appears just below the “Temp” label to assist you in setting the temperature setpoint correctly. When you tap the Temperature entry field, the previous setting will be replaced immediately as you start entering digits on the keypad. 3. Tap the Save button to save the setpoint temperature for the next centrifugation run.

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3. 3. Pre-Temper the Centrifugation Chamber
Refrigerated centrifuges allow for pre-tempering, that is pre-warming or pre- cooling, the centrifugation chamber and the empty rotor before the centrifugation run starts. If necessary pre-temper your samples using proper equipment. The centrifuge is not intended to be used to pre-temper your samples. Temperatures displayed by the centrifuge are the estimated sample temperatures. NOTICE Ventilated models cannot pre-temper the centrifugation chamber. Proceed as follows to set the pre-tempering target temperature for the centrifuge: 1. Tap the temperature box on the “Home” screen, shown in Figure 3­22 below.
Figure 3­22: Temperature Box on Home Screen The “Setpoints: Standard” screen shown in Figure 3­13 or “Setpoints: Advanced” screen shown in Figure 3­14 appears. 2. Tap in the Temp entry field, then use the keypad on the right to enter the desired target temperature. The admissible temperature range for the unit appears just below the “Temp” label to assist you in setting target temperature correctly. When you tap the Temp entry field, the previous setting will be replaced immediately as you start entering digits on the keypad. 3. Tap the Save button to save the temperature setting for the pre-tempering run. You will be returned to the “Home” screen. The new target temperature appears as the setpoint below the current temperature. 4. Tap the Pre-Temp button on the “Home” screen and then the Start button to start pre-tempering. The centrifuge starts heating or cooling the centrifugation chamber to the setpoint temperature. The current centrifugation chamber temperature displayed on top of the setpoint temperature starts to change towards the setpoint. 5. When the centrifugation chamber temperature reaches the pre-tempering setpoint, the “Pre-Temp Complete” pop-up window shown in Figure 3­23 appears, announcing that the centrifuge is correctly pre-tempered and ready.
Figure 3­23: Pre-Temp Complete Pop-up Window 6. Tap the Pre-Temp button to exit the Pre-Temp mode.
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Graphical User Interface
3. 4. Centrifugation
Mind the safety zone of minimum 30 cm around the centrifuge. Refer to “Info & Health Status Area” on page 3-2. Persons and hazardous substances must be kept out of this safety zone while centrifuging.
Once the main switch has been turned on, the rotor has been properly installed, the setpoints have been set as explained in the previous section, and the centrifuge lid has been closed, you are ready to start.
You have various options to start a centrifugation run: Continuous Mode: This is a fully manual mode. If you have chosen “Continuous Mode” instead of a preset
runtime (see “Set Run Time” on page 3-8), use the Start button and Stop button to start and stop centrifugation manually, as explained in the section “Run in Continuous or Timed Mode” further below. Timed Mode: This is a semi-automatic mode that relies on a timer. If you have preset a runtime (see “Set Run Time” on page 3-8), tap the Start button , then and wait for the timer to expire and the centrifuge to stop automatically, as explained in the section “Run in Continuous or Timed Mode”. Pulse Mode: This is a short-run centrifugation mode with selectable behaviors. You choose a behavior, then tap the Pulse button and wait for the centrifuge to run and stop automatically, as explained in the section “Run in Pulse Mode” on page 3-13. Program Mode: This is a fully automatic mode. You prepare and save an automated program, then run it from the touchscreen, as explained in the section “Automate Processes Using Programs” on page 3-20.

WARNING

Damage to health from centrifuging explosive or flammable materials or substances. Do not centrifuge explosive or flammable materials or substances.

Run in Continuous or Timed Mode
Proceed as follows to run the centrifuge in continuous or timed mode:
1. Press the Start button on the “Home” screen. The Start button turns into the Stop button . The centrifuge starts running and the touchscreen shows the parameters increasing towards their setpoints. After one minute of continuous running without any intervention by the user, the touchscreen goes to lighthouse mode. In lighthouse mode the touchscreen shows the basic settings, like current speed and speed setpoint, rotor and bucket type, run time elapsed (or remaining) and run time setpoint (timed runs only), plus a progress bar for the run, and the Stop button .

Figure 3­24: Screen in Lighthouse Mode
2. Depending on the time mode you have chosen (see “Set Run Time” on page 3-8), do one of the following to stop the centrifuge: a. Continuous mode: Press the Stop button on the Home screen when you have finished centrifuging. b. Timed and ACE modes: Wait until the timer expires and the centrifuge stops automatically, or press the Stop button on the “Home” screen to abort the centrifugation run prematurely.
3. When the centrifuge has stopped centrifugation completely, press the Open button on the control panel to open the lid. The lid pops open, and the Open button is surrounded by a light gray border now to indicate that the lid is unlocked. NOTICE You cannot open the lid as long as the centrifuge is spinning.
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Run in Pulse Mode
Proceed as follows to use the unit for short-run centrifugation:

Graphical User Interface

1. Check the preset Pulse Mode button behavior displayed on the Pulse button whether it suits your needs. The different Pulse button behaviors are explained in the section “Pulse Customization” on page 3-37.

2. If desired, choose a “Pulse Mode” behavior in the “Settings”.

3. Press the Pulse button on the “Home” screen. The Start button turns into the Stop button . The Pulse button appears with a gray border to indicate that the centrifuge is running in “Pulse Mode”. The centrifuge starts running and the touchscreen shows the parameters increasing towards their setpoints.

Figure 3­25: Pulse Mode: Centrifuge Running for One Minute
4. Wait for the centrifugation run to end and the centrifuge to stop spinning.
NOTICE To abort the centrifugation run prematurely, you can press the Stop button or the Pulse button on the “Home” screen.
5. When the centrifuge has stopped spinning, press the Open button on the control panel to open the lid. The lid unlocks, and the Open button is surrounded by a light gray border now to indicate that the lid is unlocked. NOTICE You cannot open the lid as long as the centrifuge is spinning.

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3. 5. Status, Alarms and Alerts
This section explains how you can view current status information, alarms, and alerts using the buttons in the “Info & Health Status” area. Status When the centrifuge is in good health, the touchscreen display shows a green heart icon in the “Info & Health Status” area (see “Info & Health Status Area (Region 1)” on page 3-2). Tapping the green heart icon opens the “Status” screen. The “Status” screen consists of two successive screens that provide a full set of status information on the centrifuge. You navigate between the two screens by tapping the bullets or chevrons at the bottom of the screen.
Figure 3­26: Status Screen 1. The first “Status” screen consists of two columns called “Operating Details” (Totals) and “Rotor-Centrifuge
Lifecycle”. The “Operating Details” column lists operating data for the centrifuge. This data is actively updated while the centrifuge is running. The total amounts displayed include: » “Hours Spinning”: The total number of hours the centrifuge has been actively spinning. » “Hours Powered”: The total number of hours the centrifuge has been actively powered on. » “Spin Cycles”: The total number of spin cycles the centrifuge has completed. » “Compressor Cooling”: The total number of hours the compressor has been active cooling. » “Door Locks”: The total number of locking operations for the centrifuge lid. The “Rotor-Centrifuge Lifecycle” shows the name and operating data of the rotor currently installed. This data is actively updated while the centrifuge is running. If the rotor is changed, this section will reflect the new rotor installed. If a rotor with swinging buckets is installed, the bucket type is also displayed–for example: TX-750 (Round Bucket – 75003608). Refer to “Rotor Log” on page 3-47. The total amounts displayed include: » “Total Spin Cycles”: The number of cycles the rotor type has been actively spinning. » “Remaining Cycles”: The number of spin cycles the rotor type has left. NOTICE The number of cycles is estimated. Actual cycles will vary according to usage, number of rotors, and number of centrifuges used. Standard warranty applies. 2. The second “Status” screen displays the column called “Alarm Totals”. The “Alarm Totals” column displays the total number of imbalance alarms the centrifuge has experienced.
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Graphical User Interface
Alerts When a maintenance action becomes due or when a minor disturbance without any impact on the safe operation of the centrifuge occurs, the unit issues an alert. The centrifuge may continue to spin, but you must correct the root cause as soon as possible to avoid damage to the samples and/or the unit itself. When an alert is issued, the touchscreen display shows a yellow bar on top of the current screen, as illustrated in the example in Figure 3­27 below. The “Info & Health Status” area (see “Info & Health Status Area (Region 1)” on page 3-2) displays a yellow warning triangle. A ticker-style message in the yellow alert bar explains the root cause of the problem and provides instructions on how to handle the alert. Additionally, a single audible alert tone is sounded.
Figure 3­27: Rotor End of Life Alert Message on Top of Home Screen After a short time, the yellow alert bar goes away. Only the yellow warning triangle in the “Info & Health Status” area indicates that alerts exists for the centrifuge, as shown in the example in Figure 3­28 below.
Figure 3­28: Home Screen with Alert Message The warning triangle icon has a blue circle with a white border that shows the number of active alerts. In the example in Figure 3­27 above, there is only one alert. However, if there is more than one alert present, the alert count may be “2”, “3”, or more. Tapping the warning triangle icon opens an alert list that lets you view all alerts and details about each single alert condition. This is explained in the following section.
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Graphical User Interface
Viewing and Handling Alerts Tapping the warning triangle icon in the “Info & Health Status” area of the touchscreen display opens the “Status ­ Alert” screen shown in Figure 3­29 below. This screen lists all alerts that are currently active. The latest alert appears expanded to let you view the full details. You can scroll through the list and tap on any list item to expand it and read more.
Figure 3­29: Status ­ Alert Screen with Alert List On the right-hand side of the “Status ­ Alert” screen, there is a stack of status information fields. You can tap and expand each field to view general information on the centrifuge and the current rotor. Figure 3­30 shows the “Operating Details” section expanded, with general operating information about the unit.
Figure 3­30: Status ­ Alert Screen: Operating Details Expanded NOTICE These status information fields show the same content as the Status screen, plus the rotor log. This is described in the sections “Status” on page 3-14 and “Rotor Log” on page 3-47, respectively. Proceed as follows to view the alert list with alert details: 1. Tap on the triangle icon in the “Info & Health Status” area.
The “Status – Alert” screen shown in Figure 3­29 appears, with the latest alert list item already expanded. 2. To view background information about the centrifuge and rotor, tap the field header to expand the “Operating
Details” (see Figure 3­30), “Rotor-Centrifuge Lifecycle”, “Rotor Log”, or “Imbalance Alerts” field. 3. Tap the field header again to hide the content of the information field. 4. Read the description and follow the instructions to correct the problem–for example:
a. Return to the Home screen. b. Press the Lid Open button . c. Remove the rotor and the buckets. d. Install a new rotor with new buckets. e. Restart the centrifuge. Refer to “Troubleshooting by Guide” on page 6-2 for a full list of errors. 5. When you have corrected the problem, tap the Acknowledge button to acknowledge and clear the alert. The checkbox next to the alert list entry is activated. NOTICE If you acknowledge the alert without correcting the problem, the alert will return immediately. 6. If you wish to view more alerts from the list, tap the scrollbar and drag to scroll down.
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7. Tap the desired alert list item. The alert item is expanded to reveal the details.

Graphical User Interface

8. Solve the problem and acknowledge the alert, then tap the alert list item one more time to reduce it.
Once you have solved and acknowledged all alerts, the “Status ­ Good Screen” appears to confirm that the centrifuge is free of alerts.

9. Tap the X icon in the top right corner to return to the Home screen.

Alarms
When a major error condition occurs in the centrifuge, the unit issues an alarm. The centrifuge stops or must be stopped immediately to avoid damage to the samples and/or the unit itself. You must correct the root cause before you can continue operation.
When an alarm is issued, the touchscreen display shows a red bar on top of the current screen. The “Info & Health Status” area (see “Info & Health Status Area (Region 1)” on page 3-2) displays a red alarm bell enclosed by sound waves. Additionally, an audible alarm tone is constantly sounding.
Beneath the red alarm bar, a ticker-style message explains the root cause of the problem and provides instructions on how to handle the alarm.
A Snooze button appears, allowing you to temporarily silence the alarm. When the alarm condition is not cleared within the snooze period, the alarm returns. The duration of the snooze period can be chosen in the settings, as explained in the section “Snooze Timeout” on page 3-30.

Figure 3­31: Alarm Message on Top of Home Screen
Tapping the snooze button temporarily silences the audible alarm for the duration of the snooze period. It also hides the red alarm bar, but keeps the ticker message beneath the bell icon on-screen for a short time before it disappears as well. The bell icon is displayed with a diagonal line across it and a count-down timer to its right.

Figure 3­32: Alarm Message after Snoozing
The bell icon has a blue circle with a white border that shows the number of active alarms. In the example in Figure 3­32 above, there is only one alarm. However, if there is more than one alarm present, the alarm count may be “2”, “3”, or more. Tapping the bell icon opens an alarm list that lets you view all alarms and details about each single alarm condition. This is explained in the section “Viewing and Handling Alarms” on page 3-18.
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Graphical User Interface The visible buttons, such as Pre-Temp, Pulse, Start/Stop, and Lid Open, are still operable in this state, depending on whether centrifuge is still running or idle. For example, you can usually stop a running centrifuge and open the lid, or you can navigate to other screens using the left-hand navigation bar while alarms are present. The alarm bell and ticker message will continue to display on all screens you navigate to, unless you snooze the alarm, in which case a silenced bell is shown along with the snooze countdown timer. There are more severe alarm conditions that cannot be solved by interacting with the touchscreen display. If such an alarm occurs, a large red overlay screen blanks out the current screen and its buttons.
Figure 3­33: Full Screen Alarm Message You can neither snooze this kind of alarm nor tap any buttons to solve it, but only acknowledge it. Like the less severe alarm messages discussed above, this message gives troubleshooting instructions and refers you to field service if the issue cannot be solved. Viewing and Handling Alarms Tapping the red bell icon in the “Info & Health Status” area of the touchscreen display opens the “Status ­ Alarm” screen. This screen lists all alarms that are currently active. The latest alarm appears expanded to let you view the full details. You can scroll through the list and tap on any list item to expand it and read more.
Figure 3­34: Status ­ Alarm Screen with Rotor Imbalance Message On the right- hand side of the “Status ­ Alarm” screen, there is a stack of status information fields. You can tap and expand each field to view general information on the centrifuge and the current rotor.
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Graphical User Interface
Figure 3­35: Status ­ Alarm Screen: Operating Details Expanded NOTICE These status information fields show the same content as the “Status” screen, plus the rotor log. This is described in the sections “Status” on page 3-14 and “Rotor Log” on page 3-47, respectively. Proceed as follows to view the alarm list with alarm details: 1. If you wish to silence the audible alarm (and hide the alarm message) temporarily, tap the Snooze button in
the “Info & Health Status” area of the touchscreen (see Figure 3­33 for an example). 2. Tap on the alarm bell icon in the “Info & Health Status” area.
The “Status – Alarm” screen shown in Figure 3­34 appears, with the latest alarm list item already expanded. 3. To view background information about the centrifuge and rotor, tap the field header to expand the “Operating
Details” (see Figure 3­35), “Rotor-Centrifuge Lifecycle”, “Rotor Log”, or “Imbalance Alarms” field. 4. Tap the field header again to hide the content of the information field. 5. Read the description and follow the instructions to correct the problem–for example:
a. Return to the Home screen. b. Press the Lid Open button . c. Remove the rotor and balance the load of the buckets. d. Reinstall the rotor and restart the centrifuge. 6. When you have corrected the problem, tap the Acknowledge button to acknowledge and clear the alarm. The checkbox next to the alarm list entry is activated. NOTICE If you acknowledge the alarm without correcting the problem, the alarm will return immediately. 7. If you wish to view more alarms from the list, tap the scrollbar and drag to scroll down. 8. Tap the desired alarm list item. The alarm item is expanded to reveal the details. 9. Solve the problem and acknowledge the alarm, then tap the alarm list item one more time to reduce it. Once you have solved and acknowledged all alarms, the “Status ­ Good” Screen appears to confirm that the centrifuge is free of alarms, as shown in Figure 3­36 below.
Figure 3­36: Status ­ Screen 10. Tap the X icon in the top right corner to return to the “Home” screen.
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Graphical User Interface
Automate Processes Using Programs To reduce the setup effort before a centrifugation run, the centrifuge lets you store up to 100 programs. Programs are pre-programmed centrifugation runs with a user-specified parameter set. Programs can consist of a single step that runs with just one parameter set, or of several steps with changing parameter sets. A parameter set may consist of all or part of the operating parameters explained in previous sections of this chapter, including: speed in rpm or as an RCF value acceleration and deceleration profile run time temperature (refrigerated models only) Setting Up and Saving a Program Programs are created on the “Programs” screen. The “Programs” screen opens when you tap the Programs button from the navigation bar on the left side of the touchscreen display. If this is the first time you open the “Programs” screen on a newly installed centrifuge, you will see an empty programs list waiting to be filled, with basic instructions on how to get started with programs.
Figure 3­37: Pristine Programs Screen (Prior to Creating Programs) Proceed as follows to create and store a program: 1. Tap the Programs button on the navigation bar.
The “Programs” screen appears, either waiting to be filled with programs as shown in Figure 3­37, or listing the existing programs as in the example in Figure 3­47. 2. Tap the Create New button. The “Add New Program Screen” shown in Figure 3­38 appears. The message “Tap to enter” in the “Name” field prompts you to start typing.
Figure 3­38: Programs -> Add New Program Screen, First Set of Options 3. Tap the Name field.
A keypad appears on top of the “Create New Program” screen (see Figure 3­39).
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Figure 3­39: Programs with Keypad Overlay 4. Enter a program name of maximum 20 characters length. 5. Tap rpm or x g to choose the unit for centrifuge speed. 6. Tap the Temp field and enter a target temperature for pre-tempering (refrigerated models only). 7. Enter numbers for the acceleration and deceleration profiles, if desired (see “Settings -> Controls -> Setpoints
Screen: Out of Range Value Alert” on page 3-8 and “Set Temperature” on page 3-10 for more details). 8. Tap the scroll bar on the right and drag further down to show the remaining options, as shown in Figure
3­40 below.
Figure 3­40: Programs -> Add New Program Screen, Second Set of Options 9. Tap the Start Timer field to choose whether the set time begins when the centrifuge is started or once the
acceleration phase is completed. 10. Under the “Step 1” option, tap in the Speed field and enter the speed in rpm or x g, as chosen further up
in the screen. A keypad appears on top of the “Add New Program” screen, as shown in Figure 3­41 below. 11. Tap the Time field and enter a run time in hours, minutes, and seconds.
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Figure 3­41: Programs -> Add New Program Screen, Speed and Time for Step 1 12. If you wish to vary speed and run time during the centrifugation run, tap the

• Add Step button. 13. Tap the Speed field and enter a different speed for Step 2. 14. Tap the Time field and enter the start time for Step 2, that is, the time at which the speed should change. 15. Repeat the last three entries for as many additional steps as required.
  NOTICE If you leave it at Step 1, the program will run at one speed only for the full duration. 16. Tap the Save button to store your program.
  Your program is stored and ready to run now. Advanced Program Settings The Advanced Settings button on the main “Programs” screen opens the “Advanced Settings” screen that lets you make general settings for programs. The options on the “Advanced Settings” screen do the following: configure the run time timer on the “Home” screen to run up or down influence the way user-created programs are listed on the main “Programs” screen determine whether or not programs require the user to tap the Start button for confirmation before they
  run.
  Figure 3­42: Programs -> Advanced Settings Screen Proceed as follow to set advanced options for programs: 1. Under View Time As, choose either Elapsed or Remaining to show the timer on the “Home” screen as
  time elapsed (counting up) or time remaining (counting down.) The default setting is “Remaining”. 2. Under Organize By, choose either Alphabetical (default) to organize the program list in alphabetical order,
  or 3 Most Used, then Alpha to have the most-used programs remain on the display and easily accessible. NOTICE The three most used programs may change if some programs become more used than others. 3. If desired, check the Start the centrifuge on program load checkbox to start the program (unit spinning) immediately after tapping a program button from the main “Programs” screen (shown in Figure 3­47 further below).
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Graphical User Interface NOTICE Leaving this box unchecked will load the program onto the main screen, but will require an additional tap on the Start button on the “Home” screen.
Previewing Program Parameters The main “Programs” screen allows you to preview the parameters of a program listed there, so you can see what it does before you run it. Proceed as follows to preview a program: 1. Tap the Eye button next to the program you wish to preview.
The “Program Quick View” pop-up window shown in Figure 3­43 appears.
Figure 3­43: Programs -> Program Quick View Pop-up Window 2. If you are satisfied with the choice of parameters, tap the Run Program button to run the program
immediately. If you wish to change the program to better suit your needs, tap the Edit Program button and change the parameters as explained in the section “Setting Up and Saving a Program” on page 3-20. If you do not wish to run the program yet, tap the X icon to close the pop-up window and return to the main “Programs” screen. Editing Program Parameters The main “Programs” screen allows you to edit the parameters of a program listed there, so you can adapt it to your needs before you run it. You may change speed, run time, temperature (refrigerated models only), acceleration and deceleration profiles, add or remove steps, and rename the program. Proceed as follows to edit a program: 1. On the main “Programs” screen, tap the Pen button next to the program you wish to edit. The “Edit Program” screen appears.
Figure 3­44: Programs -> Edit Program Screen 2. To change the program, edit the parameters as explained in the section “Setting Up and Saving a Program”
on page 3-20. 3. To delete a program step, scroll down further to display the step you wish to remove. 4. Tap the Minus button at the far right end of the program button.
The “Delete Confirm” window shown in Figure 3­45 appears.
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Graphical User Interface
Figure 3­45: Programs -> Delete Confirm Window for Program Step) 5. Tap Delete one more time to delete the step. 6. When you have finished making changes, tap the Save button to save your changes.
You will be returned to the main “Programs” screen. The program has been changed according to your entries. Deleting a Program The main “Programs” screen allows you to delete any program listed there to free up storage space. Proceed as follows to delete a program: 1. On the main “Programs” screen, tap the Pen button next to the program you wish to delete. The “Edit Program” screen shown in Figure 3­44 further above appears. 2. To delete the program, tap the Delete button in the “Edit Program” screen. The “Delete Confirm” window shown in Figure 3­46 below appears.
Figure 3­46: Programs -> Delete Confirm Window for Program 3. Tap Delete one more time to delete the program.
You will be returned to the main “Programs” screen. The program has been removed from the list.
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Running a Program Programs are run from the “Programs” screen shown in Figure 3­47. The “Programs” screen opens when you tap the “Programs” button from the navigation bar on the left side of the touchscreen display. You run an existing program by tapping on any of the user-named program buttons listed on the main “Programs” screen. In the example shown in Figure 3­47 below, there are three user-created programs. If you tap one of the program buttons, the screen display changes to the Home screen and indicates that the program is loaded. Depending on the advanced settings (see “Setting Up and Saving a Program” on page 3-20), the program will either start the unit spinning immediately, or it will load and wait for the user to tap the start button on the home screen.
Figure 3­47: Programs Screen with Pre-Stored User Programs Proceed as follows to start a previously stored program. 1. Load and install the rotor.
Close the lid. 2. Tap the Programs button on the navigation bar.
The “Programs” screen appears, listing the existing programs as in the example in Figure 3­47. 3. Tap the Play icon on the program button of your choice.
NOTICE If the centrifuge is still running, the Unit Running pop-up window appears, asking you whether you wish to cancel the current run and start the new program instead. The centrifuge displays the “Home” screen. There are two possible scenarios, depending on the “Advanced Settings” (see the section “Setting Up and Saving a Program” on page 3-20): a. If your centrifuge is set up to launch programs immediately, the program will start running. b. If your centrifuge is set up to require a user action, you will be prompted to start the program with the
Start button on the “Home” screen. When the program has been executed, the “Program Complete” pop-up window appears. Sharing Programs between Centrifuges The main “Programs” screen has two “Import” and “Export” buttons that allow you to export programs you have created on one centrifuge and import them to a second centrifuge of the same model and series. Insert an USB drive, such as a removable memory stick, into the USB port next to the touchscreen display of the centrifuge, then export, transfer, and re-import the files to the second unit. You can export program files using the “Export Programs” screen.
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Graphical User Interface
Figure 3­48: Programs -> Export Programs Screen The matching “Import Programs” screen is used for importing the programs on the target centrifuge.
Figure 3­49: Programs -> Import Programs Screen Exporting Programs Proceed as follows to export one or more programs: 1. Insert a USB drive with sufficient free storage space into the USB port of the centrifuge. 2. Tap the Programs button on the navigation bar.
The “Programs” screen appears, listing the existing programs. 3. Tap the Export icon at the bottom edge of the “Programs” screen.
The “Export Programs” screen appears. 4. Tap the appropriate checkboxes for the programs you wish to export. Choose either Select All for all
programs, or scroll and select individual checkboxes for the desired programs. 5. Tap the Export button.
NOTICE If you have not inserted a USB drive into the USB port of the centrifuge, the “Export Programs”pop-up window appears, prompting you to insert a USB drive. If necessary, insert the USB drive into the USB port of the centrifuge. The export will start now, as indicated by the “Export Programs” pop-up window shown in Figure 3­50 below. It shows a cautioning message not to remove the USB drive and a green and gray progress bar that lets you follow the process.
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Figure 3­50: Programs -> Export Programs Pop-up Window with Progress Bar
NOTICE You may abort a running export at any time by tapping the Cancel button in the “Export Programs” pop-up window shown in Figure 3­50 above. If you do so, the export is aborted, and the “Export Error”message appears. This message lists all programs that have not been exported successfully. NOTICE While the export is running, make sure you do not remove the USB drive from the USB port. If you remove the USB drive, the export is aborted, and the “Export Error” message appears. This message lists all programs that have not been exported successfully. NOTICE While the export is running, the USB drive may run out of disk space. If that happens, the export is aborted, and the “Export Error” message appears. When the export has been successfully completed, the “Export Complete” pop-up window shown in Figure 3­51 below appears.
Figure 3­51: Programs -> Export Complete Pop-up Window 6. Tap the OK button to acknowledge the message and remove the USB drive.
Your programs are now ready for importing to another centrifuge. On your USB drive, you will find one or more new files with the general filename UnitName_ProgramName_YYYY_MMDD.csv or UnitName ProgramName_YYYY_MM_DD_01.csv now. Importing Programs Proceed as follows to import one or more programs from a USB drive: 1. Insert the USB drive with exported programs into the USB port of the centrifuge. 2. Tap the Programs button on the navigation bar. The Programs screen appears, listing the existing programs as in the example in Figure 3­47. 3. Tap the Import icon at the bottom edge of the Programs screen. NOTICE If you have not inserted a USB drive into the USB port of the centrifuge, the “Import Programs” pop-up window below appears, prompting you to insert a USB drive. If necessary, insert the USB drive into the USB port of the centrifuge. The Import Programs screen appears. 4. Tap the appropriate checkboxes for the programs you wish to import. Choose either Select All for all programs, or scroll and select individual checkboxes for the desired programs. 5. Tap the Import button. If necessary, insert the USB drive into the USB port of the centrifuge. The import will start now, as indicated by the “Import Programs” pop-up window shown in Figure 3­52 below. It shows a cautioning message not to remove the USB drive and a green and gray progress bar that lets you follow the process.
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Figure 3­52: Programs -> Import Programs Pop-up Window with Progress Bar NOTICE You may abort a running import at any time by tapping the Cancel button in the Import Programs pop-up window. If you do so, the import is aborted, and the Import Error message appears. This message lists all programs that have not been imported successfully. NOTICE While the import is running, make sure you do not remove the USB drive from the USB port. If you remove the USB drive, the import is aborted, and the Import Error message appears. This message lists all programs that have not been imported successfully. NOTICE While the import is running, the centrifuge may run out of memory when the maximum supported number of programs is exceeded. If that happens, the import is aborted, and the Import Error message appears. Repeat the import with fewer programs selected or delete programs from the centrifuge (see “Deleting a Program” on page 3-24) and repeat the import for the programs that were not imported. NOTICE While the import is running, the centrifuge may encounter duplicate entr

References

• World Health Organization (WHO)

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