PNi SP500W Power Inverter User Manual

: June 12, 2024
: PNI

Table of Contents

PNi SP500W Power Inverter
Product Information
Product Usage Instructions
Main features
Introduction
Symbol convention
Safety precaution
Inverter installation
About battery
Troubleshooting
Technical specifications
Documents / Resources

PNi SP500W Power Inverter

PNi-SP500W-Power-Inverter-PRODUCT

Product Information

Power Inverter / Invertor de tensiune

The PNI SP500W, PNI SP1000W, and PNI SP2000W are power inverters that convert DC power from a battery into AC power that can be used to run various electronic devices.
They are designed to provide a reliable and stable power supply in various applications, such as camping, road trips, emergency situations, and more.

Main Features

Output wave : Pure sine wave
Total harmonic distortion: THDV 3% (100% linear load)
Overload capacity: >120%
Protections: Undervoltage, overvoltage, overheating, overload, short circuit

Recommended Battery Parameters

Type: Plumb-acid/Lithium
Voltage: 12V
Maximum current: 100A, 150A, 200A (depending on the model)
Under/over-voltage protection: 10V/15.5V
Voltage warning lebvel: 10.5V
Cut-off level (interrupt): 9.7V-10.2V
Recovery level: 12.5V

General Parameters

LED indicators: Green, Red
Active cooling: Fan
Working temperature: -10°C to 40°C
Working humidity: 90% (non-condensing)

Declaration of Conformity

The PNI SP500W, SP1000W, and SP2000W power inverters comply with the Directive EMC 2014/30/EU. The EU Declaration of Conformity can be accessed at the following Internet addresses:

PNI
- SP500W Declaration of Conformity
PNI
- SP1000W Declaration of Conformity
PNI
- SP2000W Declaration of Conformity

Product Usage Instructions

Connecting the Power Inverter

Before connecting the power inverter, ensure that the input voltage matches the recommended battery parameters mentioned above.

Connect the positive (+) terminal of the battery to the positive (+) terminal of the power inverter.
Connect the negative (-) terminal of the battery to the negative (-) terminal of the power inverter.

Operating the Power Inverter

Once the power inverter is properly connected, follow these steps to operate it:

Turn on the power inverter using the power switch.
Connect your electronic device(s) to the AC output socket(s) of the power inverter.
Ensure that the total power consumption of your device(s) does not exceed the overload capacity of the power inverter.

Monitoring and Troubleshooting

The power inverter is equipped with LED indicators to provide information about its status:

Green LED: Indicates that the power inverter is operating normally.
Red LED: Indicates a fault or protection mode (e.g., Undervoltage, overvoltage, overheating, overload, short circuit).

If the red LED is lit or flashing, refer to the user manual for troubleshooting steps or contact customer support for assistance.

Safety Precautions

When using the power inverter, please keep the following safety precautions in mind:

Do not expose the power inverter to moisture or water.
Avoid using the power inverter in extreme temperatures or high humidity conditions.
Ensure proper ventilation around the power inverter to prevent overheating.
Do not connect devices with a power rating higher than the overload capacity of the power inverter.
Disconnect the power inverter from the battery when not in use to prevent battery drain.

For more detailed information on operating and maintaining the power inverter, please refer to the user manual provided.

Main features

Pure sine wave output
THD (Total Harmonic Distorsion) <3%
Protections: Undervoltage, overvoltage, overheating, overload, short circuit

Introduction

SP series PNI inverters convert 12V DC input voltage into 230V AC 50Hz voltage.
We recommend that you read this manual carefully before putting the product into operation.

Warnings

Do not store the product in environments with corrosive gases, high humidity and high temperature, dust, and electromagnetic interference.
In the event of a fault, do not open or repair this product by yourself. Call a specialized service center.

Symbol convention

Symbol	Signification
DANGER	The potential serious danger that could cause casualties.
WARNING	The potential medium danger could cause minor injuries.
CAUTION	Potential danger that could cause device failure, data loss,

device performance impairment, and other unexpected losses.

Safety precaution

We recommend that you read this chapter carefully before using the product, in order to avoid personal injury and product damage.
Symbols Description

The inverter generates high temperatures during usage.
Carefully read the installation and operating instructions to avoid personal injury or damage to the equipment.
Warning: We do not take responsibility for non-compliance with safety measures.
Batteries of different sizes and from different manufacturers may have different voltages. Make sure that the inverter voltage corresponds to the battery voltage. Contact the seller for more details. Any change in the configuration or structure of the system may affect its proper functioning.

Danger High Voltage!

Touching the inverter in a humid or wet object (or hands) can put you in a dangerous situation.

Do not open the product’s housing under any circumstances. The input and output of the inverter presents a high voltage danger. Opening the inverter and touching the internal components can put you in a dangerous situation.
Before maintenance, you must completely disconnect the power supply of the inverter. It is recommended that you check both the input and output of the inverter with a voltmeter to ensure that it is disconnected properly.
Even if the power is completely disconnected, residual energy may remain in the inverter. Leave the inverter disconnected for 10 minutes to ensure that the system is completely discharged.
Keep the inverter packaged before installation and use.
Do not manipulate the inverter in the presence of electrical conductors: metal watch, bracelets, rings.
The inverter must be repaired, installed and maintained only by qualified personnel.

Inductive load and half-wave rectification load attentions!
We recommend choosing an inverter with power 2-3 times higher than the half-wave rectification or inductive load.
Avoid antistatic danger
We recommend that you wear an antistatic wrist strap to protect sensitive parts from static discharge equipment.
Do not disconnect the inverter when turned on
Do not install or disconnect the appliance while it is switched on. Pay maximum attention when connecting the power cords.
Use only regulated batteries
Use only regulated batteries. The use of unregulated batteries may result in product malfunction.
Use the battery according to the manufacturer’s rules
Use the battery according to the connection rules provided by its manufacturer. Improper operation can endanger you.

Do not short-circuit the wires. The connections must be made very tightly.
Do not touch both battery terminals or wires connected to them at the same time.
Avoid spilling electrolytes. The electrolyte is corrosive to metal and poses a short-circuit hazard.
Keep the battery safe, away from fire or a source of sparks.

Avoid fans harm

Avoid accidental blocking of the fans. Do not use tools or your fingers to stop them.

Keep the inverter well ventilated

Make sure that the ventilation and air exhaust outputs of the inverter are not blocked in any way. Also, do not mount the passive radiator part of the housing attached to a wall, ceiling or floor, but at a distance that allows air to pass.

Inverter installation

Enviroment conditions

Keep the inverter in a dry and ventilated environment. Keep the inverter away from moisture, dust, heat, sunlight, volatile gas or high salinity.

Caution

The operating temperature range of the product is -26˚C ~ + 60˚C.
Do not overload the inverter in conditions with temperatures above 40˚C. If you use the inverter excessively at temperatures above 40˚C, reduce the consumption by 10% for each degree above 40˚C.
The optimum operating temperature of the inverter is between + 20˚C ~ + 30˚C.
If used at temperatures above 30˚C, the battery life will decrease considerably. Below 20˚C the electric storage time will decrease.

Keep safety distance

The inverter must be mounted at least 60 mm from the surrounding walls, with the cooling radiator unobstructed by other objects.
Do not cover the side panels of the inverter to ensure efficient cooling and avoid overheating.

The electric cables connection

Make sure the power button of the inverter is OFF.
Observe the polarity of the wires and do not connect them in reverse to avoid shorting the inverter.
Follow these steps to connect the inverter cables:

Switch off the inverter with the ON / OFF button.
Connect the wires to the battery terminals respecting the polarity.
Make sure that the 2 cables are connected tightly, to avoid overheating.
Connect the load to the Schuko socket.
After making sure all connections are made correctly, turn on the inverter. If the green LED indicator lights up, it means that the output voltage is correct and the inverter is working properly.

The correct connection of the inverter is shown in the following diagram.

Caution

Do not use the AC output of the inverter to connect it to the 230V mains, so as not to burn the inverter.
Connect the loads one by one and do not exceed the declared maximum power of the inverter.
For inductive loads choose an inverter with a maximum power 2-3 times higher.
It is recommended to start the car only with the inverter turned off because this procedure will consume a lot of current and can affect the inverter.
The inverter must be mounted in a ventilated place, must not be covered, and must be protected from access by people.
Do not connect the inverter to discharged, defective or old batteries, as this may cause the inverter to burn out.

About battery

A storage battery or accumulator is a device that generates energy following a chemical process. Make sure you have chosen a suitable battery for this inverter, to ensure a correct and optimal operation.
Battery performance index

Capacity: Represents the amount of energy at maximum power composed of the discharge current multiplied by the discharge time.
- Capacity = Discharge current (I) x Discharge time (H)
Discharge rate: Represents the speed of each discharge current per specific time
Discharge current: The discharge current is the output current.
- It is usually expressed in Amperes or volume multiplied by a coefficient.
Final discharge voltage: This represents the voltage when the battery is not discharged. It is usually about 1.75V / cell
Nominal capacity: This represents the capacity after 20 hours of unloading.
Self-discharge rate: The battery is discharged even if it is not used. The unit is C / unit.

Choosing the right battery

Because inverters need strong current when operating, the maximum capacity and current of the battery are factors that determine the efficiency at which the inverter operates (50% – 100%).
These factors can also damage the battery.
Battery storage capacity depends on the maximum discharge current: Maximum discharge current = Rated power / (storage voltagex0.85) Battery storage capacity = average discharge current discharge time

Example:

PNI SP1000W has a rated power of 1000W, 12V input voltage:
Average discharge current = 1000 / (12×0.85) = 98A

If kept on for 2 hours:

Battery storage capacity = 98×2 = 196 Ah
Choose a battery with a capacity greater than 196 Ah.

Recommended values for the batteries

Invertor	Power (W)	Recommended battery
SP500W	500	12V, ≥100Ah
SP1000W	1000	12V, ≥150Ah
SP2000W	2000	12V, ≥200Ah

Troubleshooting

The inverter does not turn on and the Power LED does not light up| 1. The battery is defective

2. The battery connection is abnormal

3. The fuse is blown

| 1. Replace the battery

2. Connect the battery carefully

3. Change the fuse

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The inverter is under protection and the red error LED (Fault) lights up| The inverter is protected and the red Fault LED

is on.

1. The inverter enters protection when the total number of consumers exceeds the rated power of the inverter.

2. The starting power of the consumers is higher than the declared peak power for the inverter. The inverter enters protection.

3. The battery voltage is too low. The inverter

triggers surge protection.

4. The battery voltage is too high. The inverter triggers overvoltage protection.

5. The inverter temperature is too high.

| 1. Reduce the number of connected consumers and restart the inverter.

2. Inductive consumers (motors, pumps) have a very high starting

consumption. Choose an inverter with a nominal power 4-5 times higher in these cases.

3. If the battery voltage rises above the minimum protection level,

the inverter restarts automatically. (or change the battery).

4. If the battery voltage drops below the maximum protection level, the inverter

restarts automatically (or change the battery).

5. Close the inverter for 15 minutes, check and clean the fans and side vents and keep

ventilation space around

the housing.

The inverter does not work at 100% load| 1. The wires between the battery and the inverter are too long.

2. The connection to the battery/inverter is weak.

| 1. Shorten the threads or use thicker threads. We recommend using the wires in the package.

2. Check and tighten the connectors on the

inverter and battery.

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If the inverter does not work after applying the above solutions, we recommend that you contact the Seller, Importer or Service Representative, consulting the warranty certificate.
Do not unpack the product as you will lose the product warranty.
We recommend regular maintenance of the product to prolong its life.

Avoid using the inverter in humid, dusty environments with too high a temperature.
Avoid subjecting the product to mechanical shocks
Periodically check cables and connections
Periodically clean the inverter fans.

Technical specifications

	SP500W	SP1000W	SP2000W
Input voltage	12V DC
Output power	500W	1000W	2000W
Output voltage	230V AC
Frequency	50Hz/60Hz
Transfer efficiency	>88%
Output wave	Pure sine wave
Total harmonic distortion	THDV ≤3% (100% linear load)
Overload capacity	>120%
Protections	undervoltage, overvoltage, overheating, overload, short circuit