Futaba MC-9130H Brushless Motor Controller for Helicopter/Airplane Instruction Manual

MC-9130H Brushless Motor Controller for Helicopter/Airplane
F3C
F3A
550-700 class helicopter recommended
Instruction Manual

NOTE: Always read this manual before using the MC-9130H/A ESC.
Before using the MC-9130H/A

• Improper handling of the LiPo battery is extremely dangerous. Use the battery in accordance with the instruction manual supplied with it.
• Some commercial motors may not match advance timing adjustment, etc. of the MC-9130H/A.
• Always solder the MC-9130H/A battery connection cord to a connector matched to the battery used. Do not use the ESC in a temporarily connected state.

Mounting precautions

WARNING

Always use the MC-9130H/A within the range of the operating conditions given in the specifications.

Be sure that the battery polarity is correct.
A reverse connection will cause sparking and immediate destruction or burning inside the ESC.

Never short circuit even places where there is no battery, motor, receiver, or connector.
Short circuits will cause sparking and immediate destruction or burning inside the ESC. Mount the ESC so that the soldered part of the cord does not touch conductive parts.

Mount the receiver and receiver antenna away from the MC-9130H/A, motor cord, power cord, drive battery, and other parts through which a large current flows.
If the receiver is erroneously operated by noise, control will be lost and is extremely dangerous.

Insert the connection connectors fully.
If a connector works loose due to vibration, control will be lost and is extremely dangerous.

Mount the MC-9130H/A where it will not be exposed to oil, grease, and water.

Mount the MC-9130H/A to the fuselage where there is an ample flow of cooling air.

****Do not wrap the MC-9130H/A body in aluminum foil.
Such wrapping will cause a loss of cooling effect and the specified performances will not be obtained.

Install the motor securely.
Also, clamp all the cables.

CAUTION
Do not disassemble the ESC. Do not open the case of the product.
Opening the case will damage the interior. In addition, the repair will become impossible.

Operating precautions

Be careful that no part of your body touches parts that rotate during operation.
Unexpected rotation may cause serious injury.
Depending on the receiver, the motor may rotate the instant the power is turned on.

Do not fly in rainy weather.
If water drops enter the ESC, control will be lost due to erroneous operation and is extremely dangerous. It may also cause an accident. If the ESC operates erroneously due to the entry of water, repair and inspect it.

Always turn the power switches ON and OFF in the following order:
ON: Set the throttle stick to the stop position and turn on the power switches in transmitter → receiver order.

OFF: Set the throttle stick to the stop position and turn off the power switches in receiver→ transmitter order.
If performed in reverse, the propeller may rotate unexpectedly and is extremely dangerous.

Always remove the battery when not using the ESC.
If the switch is turned on erroneously, the propeller will rotate unexpectedly or a fire may start.

Before flying, check the operation of the ESC and all the control surfaces.
When not set properly and when a different model is selected, control will be lost and is extremely dangerous.

CAUTION
Do not touch the motor and ESC immediately after flight.
It will cause a burn.

Connections

[Specification]

MC-9130H/A

Function| Auto-recognition of cell
Peak current| 130 A
Size| 101.0 x 45.5x 27.0 mm
Weight| 168.5 g
Cell| LiPo 6 ⁓ 14 cell 22.2 ⁓ 51.8 V
BEC| 5 ⁓ 8V/10A

Emergency battery
Normally, the Receiver power is supplied from the ESC, and if the drive battery drops, it becomes an emergency power supply. Set the BEC voltage (only the servo works) slightly higher than this battery voltage. When the drive battery is connected, the emergency battery is charged.
(Example: 6.6 V LiFe battery BEC voltage 6.9 V)

Reverse the throttle channel (CH3) of the Futaba transmitter.

ESC/Transmitter Calibration

Perform this calibration when using it for the first time or when changing the set. Let ESC read the operating range of the throttle.

Before calibration, set the throttle curve of the transmitter to a straight line of -100% to 100%, and set all throttle-related mixing to INH. Make sure that the throttle amount corresponding to the maximum throttle endpoint and the minimum throttle endpoint of the transmitter is 100% and 0%, respectively.

Precautions about Battery F/S

The BEC voltage (voltage supplied to the receiver) of this ESC is output at about 5.0 V for a few seconds at startup, and then the BEC voltage set by the user is output. Therefore, if the battery fail-safe voltage of the FASSTest and T-FHSS Air receiver is set to 5.0 V or higher, the Battery F/S function works even though the battery is sufficient.

• The battery fail-safe voltage of FASST and S-FHSS receivers is fixed at 3.8 V, so there is no problem.
  When using with FASSTest or T-FHSS Air, make one of the following settings.

  1. Reduce the battery fail-safe voltage to 4.8 V or less.
  2. Turn off the battery fail-safe setting.

• As a method of monitoring the battery voltage, check the voltage of the receiver with a telemetry alarm.

Start-up procedure

If you are in governor mode on a helicopter or use the brakes on an airplane, set the throttle cut switch on the transmitter. Be sure to connect the drive battery in the throttle cut state. Release the throttle cut at the start. After landing, stop the motor with a throttle cut and then remove the battery.

Alarm

1. Power-on Abnormal Voltage Protection：
   The ESC will measure the input voltage when it’s connected to a battery or power supply. If the input voltage is not within the regulated range, it will take  the voltage as an abnormal voltage and then activate the protection, flash Red LED and beep a series of beeps.

2. Throttle Signal Loss Protection：
   When the ESC detects loss of signal for over 0.25 seconds, it will cut off the output immediately to avoid an even greater loss which may be caused by the continuous high-speed rotation of the propeller. The ESC will resume the corresponding output after normal signals are received.

3. The throttle stick is not at the bottom position：
   The motor will beep “B-B-B-B-B-” when the throttle stick is not moved to the bottom position.

4. Throttle range is too narrow：
   The motor will beep “B-B-B-B-B-” when the throttle range you set is too narrow (when designing this ESC, it requires that the entire throttle range you set cannot be less than 50% of the whole throttle range available on the transmitter.) The warning tone indicates the throttle range you set is void and you need to set it again.

Flight Mode

| Heli ElfGov: ELF Governor| Use batteries with different
numbers of cells| RPM standardization starts every time
---|---|---|---
| Heli StoGov: Store Governor| Recommended mode for using
heli governor| RPM standardization only for the first time
| Fixed-wing: Airplane| |
| Ext.Gov: Linear throttle （No Governor ）| The throttle curve needs to be set|

LED display in case of trouble

Red LED flashes
Input voltage is abnormal| The input voltage is not within the regulated range.| Red LED flashes
Thermal protection is activated| The internal temperature of the ESC goes above the
regulated temperature range.| Blue LED flashes a short
Low-voltage cutoff protection
is activated| The operating voltage goes below the preset cutoff
voltage.| Blue LED flashes a short
Over-current Protection| The operating current goes above the regulated value.| Red LED turns on solid

During normal operation, the blue LED on the ESC will light up when a startup is complete.
The red LED lights up at throttle high and turns off at the throttle low.

ESC Programming

ESC has four flight modes. See the table below to see what is programmable in each mode.

Linear
Throttle| Elf
Governor| Store
Governor
LiPo Cells| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable
Cutoff Type| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable
Cutoff Volt| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable
BEC Voltage| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable
Start-up Time| Adjustable| Adjustable when soft  start is enabled/disabled| Adjustable| Adjustable
Gov Param P| —| —| Adjustable| Adjustable
Gov Param I| —| —| Adjustable| Adjustable
AR time
Autorotation restart time| —| Adjustable| Adjustable|
Restart Accel
Restart acceleration time| —| Adjustable| Adjustable|
Brake Type| Adjustable| | |
Brake Force| Adjustable| | |
Timing| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable
Motor Rotate| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable
Active FW
Regenerative brake| Adjustable| Adjustable| Valid
(Not adjustable)| Valid
(Not adjustable)
Startup Power| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable| Adjustable

Program items

• Ext.Gov Heli linear
• Heli ElfGov Elf Governor
• Heli StoGov Store Governor
2. LiPo Cells| • Auto Calc
• 6-14 cells
3. Cutoff Type| • Soft Cutoff
• Hard Cutoff
4. Cutoff Volt| • 2.8 V-3.8 V ( 0 Default3.0 V)
• Disabled
5. BEC Voltage| • 5 V-8 V (O Default7.4 V)
6. Start-up Time| • 4 s-25 s (O Default15 s)
7. Gov Param P| • 0-9 ( 0 Default4)
8. Gov Param I| • 0-9 (O Default5)
9. AR time
Autorotation restart time| • 0 s-90 s ( 0 Default25 s)
10. Restart Accel
Restart acceleration time| • 1 s-3 s ( 0 Default1.5 s)
11. Brake Type| • Disabled
• Normal
• Proportions
• Reverse
12. Brake Force| • 0-100% (O Default0%)
13. Timing| • 0 -30 1 0 Default15 1
14. Motor Rotate
0 CW| • CCW
15. Active FW Regenerative brake| • Enabled
• Disabled
16. Startup Power| • 1-7 (0 Default 3)
17. Restore Default| Press OK to reset to Default.

RPM standardization(When using a helicopter governor ）

1. Theory of RPM Standardization
   During the RPM standardization, the ESC will establish a “Motor RPM-Throttle” curve by itself based on the actual battery voltage and the actual KV  rating of the motor. Therefore, you need to standardize the speed with a fully charged battery and ensure the main blade pitch is 0° (in order to make the helicopter not take off). In general, people use the default “Throttle Curve & Pitch Curve” of the transmitter (as shown below) when they standardize the speed. Attention! Please ensure the main blade pitch is 0° and the throttle amount is above 40% (we recommend using 50%) when standardizing the speed.

2. Procedures of RPM Standardization
   • We recommend using the default “Throttle Curve & Pitch Curve” . (If you don’t want to use the default setting, then please ensure the throttle amount is 50%and the main blade pitch is 0° when the motor rotates.
   • Turn on the transmitter, move the throttle stick to the bottom position and then wait for the ESC to complete the self-detection.
   • If you’ve set the “throttle cut” function, please lock the “throttle cut”, and then move the throttle stick to the 50% position and then unlock the “throttle cut”. If there is no “throttle cut”, then you can move the throttle stick to the 50% position directly.
   • The ESC drives the motor to rotate, the main blades start to accelerate slowly (because the main blade pitch is 0°, so the helicopter won’t take off, but you still needs to be careful), you need to wait for the acceleration completing and the speed getting stable, and then lock the “throttle cut” or move the throttle stick to the bottom position.
   • The ESC will stop driving the motor, the main blades start to slow down, and then stop rotating.
   • he RPM standardization completes.
   Attention! Please calibrate the throttle range before the RPM standardization. There will be no need if you’ve carried out the ESC/Radio Calibration when the first time you used this ESC or you didn’t restore the settings to factory defaults after the calibration (changing the transmitter & receiver is an exception).

Program items

1. Flight Mode
   1-1 Fixed-wing
   In “Fixed-wing” mode, the motor will start up when the throttle amount reaches 5% or above. There is no soft start-up, the motor responds to the throttle increase rapidly.
   1-2 Helicopter Linear Throttle
   In “Helicopter (Linear Throttler mode, the motor will start up when the throttle amount reaches 5% and it will start up in a soft way with the throttle (from 0 to 100%) acceleration time is fixed to 3.5 seconds. h will accelerate to the RPM corresponding to the specific throttle amount at the fixed rate.
   1-3 Helicopter Elf Governor
   In ‘Helicopter (Elf Governor)” mode, the motor will start up when the throttle amount reaches 40% or above. And it will complete the speed standardization and enter the speed-governing operation in the preset start-up time. In this mode, the motor will standardize its speed every time it starts up. Due to different discharge rates/capabili­ties of different batteries, the RPM you standardize each time may be a little different. In consequence, at the same throttle amount, the RPM may be a bit different when using different batteries, but this won’t affect the speed-governing effect.
   1-4 Helicopter Store Governor
   In “Helicopter (Store Governor)’ mode, the motor will start up when the throttle amount reaches 40% or above. h will also start-up in a very soft way. And it will also complete the speed standardization and enter the speed- governing operation in the preset start-up time. In this mode, the motor will only standardize its speed the first time it starts up. When performing RPM standardization for the first time, we recommend using a fully-charged battery with good discharge capability. After the RPM standardization, change another battery to fly your aircraft. At the same throttle amount, the RPM should be the same as the RPM of the first flight. For a consistent control feel, we recommend using this model.

2. LiPo Cells
   The ESC will automatically calculate the number of LiPo cells you have plugged in as per the “3.7V/Cell” rule if “Auto Calc.” is selected. Or users can set this item manually.

3. Cutoff Type
   The ESC will gradually reduce the output to 50% of the full power in 3 seconds after the voltage cutoff protection is activated if the soft mode is selected. It will immediately cut off all the output when the hard mode is selected.

4. Cutoff Volt
   2.8V-3.8V (custom), 3.0V (default).

5. BEC Voltage BEC
   5-8V (adjustable), 0.1V (step), 7.4V (default).

6. Start-up Time
   4-25s (adjustable), 1s (step), 15s (default). Note: It only functions in Helicopter Store Governor and Helicopter Elf Governor.

7. Gov Param P
   Governor correction response proportional control adjustment. Increasing the value will improve the correction response. The correction when the rotation drops is faster, but the rotation speed becomes easier to hunt. In that case, lower the value.

8. Gov Param I
   Governor correction response Integral control adjustment. Use this when you want to make further adjustments by adjusting the governor parameter p. Increasing the value will improve the correction response, but the number of revolutions will hunting. In that case, lower the value.

9. AR time Autorotation restart time
   This is a function only for the governor. Throttle works in the range of 5% to 40%. The motor can be restarted quickly when the autorotation descent is interrupted. If you set the value to 10 seconds and want to instantly cancel the autorotation descent, turn off the HOLD switch and increase the throttle to  40%, and the motor will rotate immediately. (It will reach full power from rest in 1.5 seconds.) If the Throttle HOLD switch is turned on for 10 seconds or longer, this function will not work.
   • If the autorotation landing is successful within 10 seconds, never turn off the hold switch before out of battery. If the hold switch is turned off, there is a  danger that the motor will rotate at full speed in 1.5 seconds, which may cause an accident.
   For example, if the IDLE-UP switch is ON and the HOLD switch is turned OFF after landing, the blades of the main rotor will rotate at high speed, and there is a danger that the helicopter will suddenly surface or tip over.
   • If this function is not used in governor mode, the motor will only start slowly even if the hold switch is turned off.

10. Restart Accel
    1-3s (adjustable), 0.5s (step), 1.5s (default). This item controls the time the motor will cost to restart and accelerate to full speed. (This function only affects in “Helicopter Governor Elf/Store” mode)

11. Brake Type
    Proportional Brake： when the throttle range on the transmitter is between 20% and 100%, the corresponding ESC throttle output is between 0% and  100%.When the throttle range on the transmitter is between 20% and 0%, the corresponding brake force is between 0 and 100% Reverse： Set the reverse switch (ON-OFF) on the transmitter. When the Reverse line is connected to that channel and the amount of operation exceeds 20%, the reverse function is activated. When the power of ESC is started, ESC will not start unless the reverse switch is OFF. When the reverse switch is turned on, the throttle stick is raised and the motor reverses linearly.

12. Brake Force
    0-100% (adjustable), 1% (step), 0 (default).
    Note: this function only affects in “Normal Brake” mode.
    

13. Timing
    0-30° (adjustable), 1° (step), 15° (default).

14. Motor Rotate
    CW/CCW. Users can adjust this item via a program box.

15. Active FW Regenerative brake
    It can be set in “Airplane” mode or “Helicopter: Linear Throttle” mode. It cannot be set in store governor and ELF governor modes. When the propeller is in free rotation, such as during driving, the generated power from the motor is regenerated to charge the battery. At the same time, the effect of braking the aircraft will occur.

16. Startup Power
    This item is for adjusting the start-up force of the motor (during the start- up process). The higher the value, the larger the start-up force. It’s adjustable between 1 and 7 (and it’s 3 by default).

17. Restore Default
    Press OK to reset to Default.

Transmitter settings

Throttle Cut settings
When using the governor with ESC, set the throttle cut function on the transmitter. Set the Throttle to be fixed in the stopped state when the throttle cut switch is turned on. Be sure to perform connect the battery in the state of throttle cut. When the throttle cut switch is turned off, the motor starts (it starts to rotate slowly to the specified number of revolutions) and is ready for flight. After landing, throttle cut to stop the motor.

Throttle Cut

Throttle curve setting

In governor mode, set the throttle curve to a horizontal straight line. Set the value according to the rotor speed.
EX : • Normal : 55％ • Idle-up1 : 70％ • Idle-up 2 : 80%

Be sure to connect the battery with Throttle Cut ON.
When Throttle Cut is turned off, the motor starts and starts waiting.
After landing, turn on Throttle Cut to stop the motor.

Each protection function

1. Start-up Protection
   The ESC will monitor the motor speed (RPM) during the start-up process. When the speed stops increasing or the speed increase is not stable, the ESC  will take it as a start-up failure. At that time, if the throttle amount is less than 15%, then the ESC will automatically try to restart up; if it is larger than 20%,  then you need to move the throttle stick back to the bottom position and then restart up the ESC.
   (Possible causes of this problem: poor connection/ disconnection between the ESC and motor wires, propellers are blocked, etc.)

2. ESC Thermal Protection
   The ESC will gradually reduce the output but won’t cut it off completely when the ESC temperature goes above 110. For ensuring the motor can still get some power and won’t cause crashes, the maximum reduction is about 50% of the full power. The ESC will gradually resume its maximum power after the temperature lowers down. In addition, the ESC temperature cannot exceed 70 when it’s powered on. Otherwise, it cannot be started up but flashes  Blue LED and beeps a series of beeps to indicate the ESC temperature is too high. (Here we are describing the ESC’s reaction in the “Soft Cutoff” mode,  while if in the “Hard Cutoff” mode; it will immediately cut off the power.)

3. Thermal protection of capacitors
   The ESC activates this protection when the operating temperature of the capacitor exceeds 130 °C.
   This protects the capacitor in the same way that ESC thermal protection does for ESC.

4. Throttle Signal Loss Protection
   When the ESC detects loss of signal for over 0.25 seconds, it will cut off the output immediately to avoid an even greater loss which may be caused by the continuous high-speed rotation of the propeller. The ESC will resume the corresponding output after normal signals are received.

5. Overload Protection
   The ESC will cut off the power/output and automatically restart itself when the load suddenly increases to a very high value. If the load still remains high or the motor still remains out of sync, then it will completely cut off the power/output.

6. Over-current Protection
   During use, the ESC will cut off the output immediately if the current exceeds the regulated value and then resume it quickly; the ESC will cut off the output completely and won’t resume it if the regulated value is exceeded again.

FUTABA CORPORATION
Hobby Radio Control Business Center Sales & Marketing Department 1080 Yabutsuka,
Chosei-mura, Chosei-gun, Chiba-ken, 299-4395, Japan TEL: +81-475-32-6051, FAX: +81-475-32-2915
©FUTABA CORPORATION 2021, 11 (1)

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