Seura UB4-50 Full Sun Series Instruction Manual
- June 10, 2024
- SEURA
Table of Contents
Full Sun Series™ Outdoor Display
Instruction ManualUB4-50/ UB4-65/
UB4-85
UB4-50 Full Sun Series
WARRANTY REGISTRATION
REGISTER FOR EXTRA BENEFITS
Activate within 30 days of purchase:
seura.com/activate
Specifications
GENERAL | OPERATING TEMP. RANGE (MAX) | -40 to 140° F* |
---|---|---|
OPERATING TEMP. RANGE (IDEAL) | 32 to 122° F | |
NON-OPERATING TEMP. RANGE | -40 to 140° F* | |
OPERATING HUMIDITY RANGE | 10-90% RH Non-condensing | |
WATERPROOF RATING | IP55 | |
ISOTROPIC BLACKOUT PREVENTION | High TNI panels help prevent screen blackout | |
ACTIVE HEATING/COOLING | Extreme Temperature Protection™ | |
VIDEO | DISPLAY TYPE | LED Backlit LCD |
DISPLAY RESOLUTION | 4K UHD 3840 x 2160 | |
DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS | 2000 nits | |
DISPLAY COATING | Anti-Glare | |
ASPECT RATIO | 16:09 | |
CONTRAST RATIO | 5000:01:00 | |
REFRESH RATE | 60Hz | |
FRAME RATE | 30 fps+ | |
VIEWING ANGLE | 178° Horiz/Vert | |
RESPONSE TIME | 8ms | |
OUTDOOR OPTICS™ | Five outdoor picture modes from full sun to nighttime viewing | |
COLOR GAMUT WIDTH | HDR-10 Rec 709 Compliant | |
COLOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEM | Yes | |
TUNER | ATV (NTSC) / DTV (ATSC) | |
DC Output | DC 5V 0.5A | |
AUDIO | ANALOG AUDIO INPUT | RCA x 1 |
ANALOG AUDIO | Stereo 3.5mm Variable | |
BLUETOOTH® AUDIO BROADCASTING | Bluetooth® 4.2, 50 ft Clear Span | |
DIGITAL AUDIO OUT | 1 x Optical, 1 x Coax | |
DOLBY DIGITAL | Dolby Digital | |
INTERNAL SPEAKERS | N/A | |
SOUNDBAR | Sold Separately | |
50 INCH | ||
Model: UB4-50 | 65 INCH | |
Model: UB4-65 | 85 INCH |
Model: UB4-85
---|---|---|---|---
DIMENSIONS| DIMENSIONS| 45.1″ w x 26.2″ h x 3.8″ d| 58.2″ w x 33.6″ hx 3.8″ d|
76.0″ w x 43.6″ h x 3.8″ d
WEIGHT| 60 lbs.| 104 lbs.| 187 lbs
MEDIA COMPARTMENT
DIMENSIONS| Upper portion: 3.9″ w x 7.7″ h| Upper portion: 5.1″ w x 7.8″ h|
Upper portion: 5.1″ w x 7.7″ h
Lower portion: 10.1″ w x 5.7″ h| Lower portion: 11.6″ w x 5.6″ h| Lower
portion: 11.8″ w x 5.7″ h
VESA PATTERN| 400 x 400mm| 400 x 400mm| 600 x 400mm
OTHER| POWER CONSUMPTION,
DISPLAY| Standby: 1.0W
Max: 398W| Standby: 3.5W
Max: 682W| Standby: 3.5W
Max: 1096W
ELECTRICAL| NEMA 5-15P
3-prong 120V Outlet| NEMA 5-15P
3-prong 120V Outlet| NEMA 5-20P†
3-prong 120V Outlet
WARRANTY| Séura warrants Outdoor Displays w/ respect to Séura’s labor,
structure, assembly, display including remote and power supply for two (2)
years
REMOTE| Séura Water Resistant IR Remote
*Installation in sunlight reduces the maximum permitted air temperature. Extreme Temperature Protection™ utilizes internal fans that are necessary for controlling the internal TV temperature. The fans are performing as designed when creating a low-level hum in warm temperatures.
† The 85” model requires a 20 amp circuit with a NEMA 5-20P compatible
electrical outlet.
WARNING: READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO INSTALL OR SERVICE THIS PRODUCT.
CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT OPEN BACK PANEL, NO USER-
SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE, REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.
This symbol is intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated
“dangerous voltage” within the product’s enclosure that may be of sufficient
magnitude to constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.
This symbol is intended to alert the user to the presence of important
operating and maintenance instructions in the literature accompanying the
appliance.
Warnings:
Do not handle or remove your outdoor display from the packaging until it is
ready to be installed.
To avoid damage to the outdoor display, only transport it in a vertical
position.
It is highly recommended that at least two (2) persons assist in the
installation of the outdoor display.
Do not submerge Séura® Outdoor Display in water:
The Séura® Outdoor Display will resist water exposure from normal rain,
sprinklers, snow, etc.; however, it is not designed to be submerged in water.
Do not wash with garden hose or pressure-wash:
Séura® Outdoor Display will resist water exposure from normal rain,
sprinklers, snow etc.; however, it is not designed to withstand pressure
washers, high-pressure water jets, projected snow from a blower, or hurricane-
type weather.
Do not let metal pieces or objects of any kind fall into the display. High
voltage flows in the product, and inserting an object can cause electric shock
and/or short internal parts.
To prevent fire, never place any type of candle or flames on the top or near
the display.
To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not place the AC cord under the display or
other heavy items.
Power Lines
An outside antenna system should not be located in the vicinity of overhead
power lines or other electric light or power circuits, or where it can fall
into such power lines or circuits. When installing an outside antenna system,
extreme care should be taken to keep from touching such power lines or
circuits as contact with them might be fatal.
Accessories
Do not use accessories not specifically recommended by the manufacturer. Use
of improper attachments can result in accidents.
WARNINGS
Never place a television set in an unstable location. A television set may
fall, causing serious personal injury or death. Many injuries, particularly to
children, can be avoided by taking simple precautions such as:
- Using cabinets or stands recommended by the manufacturer of the television set.
- Only using furniture that can safely support the television set.
- Ensuring the television set is not overhanging the edge of the supporting furniture.
- Not placing the television set on tall furniture (for example, cupboards or bookcases) without anchoring both the furniture and the television set to a suitable support.
- Not placing the television set on cloth or other materials that may be located between the television set and supporting furniture.
- Educating children about the dangers of climbing on furniture to reach the television set or its controls.
If your existing television set is being retained and relocated, the same
considerations as above should be applied.
WARNING: Cancer and Reproductive Harm:
www.p65warnings.ca.gov.
Specifications of this product are subject to unannounced changes; this manual
may thus not reflect the current technical status.
FCC Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity
Séura Outdoor Entertainment
UB4-50, UB4-65, UB4-85
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to
the follow two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference,
and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
Séura
Address: 1230 Ontario Road, Green Bay, WI 54301 United States
Phone number: 920-857-9069
Caution: The user is cautioned that changes or modifications not
expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits
for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These
limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and
can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is` encouraged to try to correct
the interference by one or more of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with
a minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator and any part of your body.
WARNINGS
To reduce the risk of fire, electrical shock and other injuries, keep these
safety precautions in mind when installing, using, and maintaining your
outdoor display. The socket-outlet should be installed near the equipment and
be easily accessible. The display should be connected to a grounded GFCI
protected main socket outlet.
WARNING: If you manipulate against the recommended usage, serious injury
or death to user may result.
Important Safety Instructions
- Read these instructions.
- Keep these instructions.
- Heed all warnings.
- Follow all instructions.
- Clean only with a dry cloth.
- Do not block any of the ventilation openings. Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves,or other apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce heat.
- Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug has two blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or the third prong is provided for your safety. When the provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet.
- Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the apparatus.
- Only use the attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer.
- Use only with the cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table specified by the manufacturer, or sold with the apparatus. When a cart is used, use caution when moving the cart/ apparatus combination to avoid injury from tip-over.
- Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time.
- Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. Servicing is required when the apparatus has been damaged in any way, such as power supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen into the apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate normally, or has been dropped.
- To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose the inside of this apparatus to rain or moisture. The inside of this apparatus shall not be exposed to dripping or splashing.
- The apparatus shall not be exposed to dripping or splashing and that no objects filled with liquids, such as vases, shall be placed on the apparatus.
- The apparatus shall be connected to a MAINS socket outlet with a protective earthing connection. Where the MAINS plug or an appliance coupler is used as the disconnect device, the disconnect device shall remain readily operable.
- The disconnect device shall remain readily operable.
- The socket-outlet shall be installed near the equipment and shall be easily accessible.
- Inspect the desired location for installation and be aware of all electrical wiring pathways, water pipes, gas lines, or other potentially hazardous conditions that may exist to protect from accidental damage during creation of on-site conditions.
- Ensure all required electrical specifications are adhered to and have been installed by the appropriate individuals and are code approved.
- Ensure all framing requirements, if needed, have been completed to building code and pose no structural issues.
- It is REQUIRED that this product is plugged into an electrical outlet protected by a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) to protect against electric shock, fire, and/or injury. Failure to do so will void any warranty for this product.
- Only qualified individuals should attempt to service the product. Removing covers can expose you to high voltage and other dangerous conditions.
- Do not overload AC outlets or extension cords. Overloading can cause fire or electric shock.
- Close adult supervision is necessary when any product is used by or near children.
- Do not operate any product with a damaged cord or plug or operate it after the appliance malfunctions or has been damaged in any manner.
- To electrically disconnect the product, turn OFF the product, then remove the electrical power plug from the outlet.
- This Séura product is intended for use indoors and outdoors.
- If you notice any smoke or scorched smell near the product, unplug power cord and refer to qualified personnel for service and/or repair.
- Do not use or place any combustible or flammable substances near the product.
- Do not use this product for other than intended use.
- This product is water resistant. Do not immerse this product in water.
- The cable distribution system should be grounded (earthed) in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 70, the National Electrical Code (NEC), in particular Section 820.93, Grounding of Outer Conductive Shield of a Coaxial Cable.
The screen is most optimally viewed at ambient temperatures of 32°F to
122°F
Operation and Storage Requirements
The maximum ambient temperature range for operating the device is -40°F to
140°F. The screen is most optimally viewed at ambient temperatures of 32°F to
122°F. Do not install the device in the proximity of heat sources, such as
heating pipes, heaters, furnaces or other devices that radiate heat. To
prevent fire or electric shock, never allow liquids to enter the unit. The
uninstalled product must be stored in dry and well ventilated rooms, without
extreme temperature fluctuations. Heat sources and aggressive active
substances may not be stored in the proximity of the device. The required
storage temperature is -40°F to 140°F at an air humidity of 10 – 90% RH non-
condensing. The device must be stored in the complete packaging, as delivered.
The product must not operate on average more than twelve (12) hours per day on
a permanent or extended periodic basis. The product must have proper, correct
and sufficient AC supply voltage.
When the unit is used in temperatures below the ideal operating temperature
range, the picture may appear slightly delayed or blurred. This is normal, and
the picture will return to normal after the temperature increases to the ideal
operating temperature range.
Séura Full Sun Series TVs are the only outdoor TVs with internal fans that
actively heat and cool the electronics, a feature necessary for controlling
the internal TV temperature in environments from -40° F to 140° F. The fans
are performing as designed when creating a low-level hum when activated.
Séura’s cooling system volume specification is <40dB from 1 meter away from
TV, with thermostatically control and modifiable control curve. The fan speed
will increase in hotter temperatures in order to keep the TV cool. Fan speeds,
as a percentage with 100% = full speed, at various TV temperatures are
approximately: 104F = 26% 113F = 58% 122F = 89% 131F = 100%
Installation in sunlight reduces the maximum permitted air temperature.
IMPORTANT
The display should not be installed directly over a flat surface if heavy or
driving rain may puddle and splash up onto the lower portion of the display.
Direct sunlight on the display screen will heat internal components and should
be avoided.
Get to know your Séura® Full Sun Series™ Outdoor Display
If you have questions, call Séura at
1-800-957-3872 to speak to a design
expert.
Selecting the Installation Location
Installation over a gas fireplace is acceptable if the distance from the heat
source is such that the air temperature surrounding the display does not
exceed the maximum operating temperature. A mantle or other heat shield is
recommended to further protect the display from heat. Installation over a wood
fireplace or near heaters or blowers is not recommended and may result in
damage to the electronics. If you have questions about your situation, you may
call Séura at 1-800-957-3872 to speak
to a design expert.
Not for installation in a sauna or directly above a hot tub where extreme heat
and steam could damage the electronics.
Ventilation
Adequate ventilation must be maintained to ensure reliable and continued
operation and to protect the display from overheating. There must be at least
1.5 inches of space on all sides. Do not install inside a cabinet, kiosk, or
other enclosure.
Cable Management
When running cables from inside the compartment to the sources, allow adequate
spacing at the foam entry to the cabinet that allows the foam seal to
completely surround each cable. Bunching the cables together can create gaps
in the foam that allows moisture and insects to enter the cabinet that may
result in damage.
When running HDMI cables longer than 30 feet, check your cable specifications.
HDMI cables loose signal over long distances and your media setup may require
a signal booster or HDMI balun.
Once connections are made, the media compartment cover must be secured.
Failure to close the media compartment exposes the ports and components to the
elements and has the potential to permanently damage electronics.
Screen Health
The 4K liquid crystal panel is a high technology product with 8,294,400
pixels, giving you fine picture details. Occasionally, a few non-active pixels
may appear on the screen as a fixed point of blue, green or red. Please note
that this does not affect the performance of your product. Pixel errors
outside of Séura’s specified and permitted area are covered under Séura’s
limited product warranty. Please inquire directly with Séura Technical Support
regarding Séura’s Pixel Policy.
Battery Disposal
Caution: This product may be shipped with batteries. Do not dispose of
batteries in a fire or with ordinary household waste. Batteries may explode
and can cause damage. Replace batteries only with the same or equivalent type
of battery recommended by Séura. The disposal of batteries may be regulated by
your state. For more information on recycling or properly disposing of your
batteries, please check with your local municipality.
Meet Séura® Full Sun Series™
In the Box
| |
---|---|---
Power Cable n 85” model only, the power cable is
hardwired to the display.| IR Remote Control| Resource Information
Parts
Installing Your Full Sun Series™
Séura® Full Sun Series™ is designed to be wall-mounted using the standard
mounting hole pattern (VESA) on the back of the display. Use an outdoor-rated
wall mount (sold separately) to mount to most outdoor wall surfaces. Follow
the instructions with your mount for full details to install your display.
NOTE: Before beginning installation, verify that the weight rating and
VESA hole pattern on the mount you purchased is compatible with your outdoor
display.
-
Attach the Soundbar (Optional)
Follow the instructions included with your soundbar to attach to your Full Sun Series. -
Install the Wall Mounting Brackets (sold separately)
Follow the instructions included with your outdoor-rated wall mount to attach brackets to your display and wall. Before hanging the display, proceed to step -
Make Media Connections
Make all other preferred media connections inside the media compartment. Turn on the display and verify all media sources.
TIP: In case you decide to add an additional streaming device or media player at a later date, we recommend connecting extra HDMI or other cabling at the time of installation so you won’t have to remove the display from the wall to connect. -
Close Media Compartment Cover
Reattach the media compartment cover. Take care when screwing into place to minimize gaps around cords. At entry, cables should be spaced out to allow the foam seal to completely surround each cable. Bunching the cables together can create gaps in the foam that allow moisture and insects to enter the cabinet that may result in damage.
If using an IR device (for example, Apple TV and Roku models prior to 2019), you will need to set up CEC control for your streaming device. This option is available in the settings menu of your streaming device. To enable CEC on your Séura TV, go to Menu – Network – Advanced Network Setting – CEC. This allows you to use Séura’s TV remote to control the streaming device. If your streaming device does not use an RF connection and is not CEC compatible, then it will not receive remote control commands when placed in the media compartment. An IR emitter may work in getting a signal to the streaming device. -
Hang Full Sun Series on the Wall
Complete installation by hanging Full Sun Series on the mount according to the mount instructions.
Séura is not liable for damage or destruction to third party devices used with Séura products.
Connecting Your Full Sun Series™
Open the weatherproof media compartment to access all connections. To connect a source such as a streaming device or cable box, connect one end of an HDMI cable (or other, cables not included) into an HDMI port on the display and the other end into your device.
VESA Wall Mounting
Install your wall mount on a solid wall perpendicular to the floor. When attaching to other building materials, please contact your nearest dealer. If installed on a ceiling or slanted wall, it may fall and result in severe personal injury. We recommend that you use a Séura wall mount when mounting the display to a wall.
| 50 INCH
UB4-50| 65 INCH
UB4-65| 85 INCH
UB4-85
---|---|---|---
VESA PATTERN (A x B)| 400 x 400mm| 600 x 400mm
STANDARD SCREW| M8| M8| M8
NOTE
Screw length needed depends on the wall mount used. For further information,
refer to the instructions included with the mount.
Standard dimensions for wall mounting are shown in the above table.
When purchasing a Séura wall mount, a detailed installation manual and all
parts necessary for assembly are provided.
Do not use screws longer than the standard dimension, as they may cause damage
to the inside to the display.
For wall mounts that do not comply with the VESA standard screw
specifications, the length of the screws may differ depending on their
specifications.
Do not use screws that do not comply with the VESA standard screw
specifications.
Do not fasten the screws too strongly, this may damage the display or cause
the display to fall, leading to personal injury. Séura is not liable for these
kinds of accidents.
Séura is not liable for display damage or personal injury when a non-VESA or
non specified wall mount is used or the consumer fails to follow the display
installation instructions.
Consult with your local dealer for a wall mount that complies with the VESA
pattern and weight of your display model. Refer to the instructions provided
with your wall mount. Carefully attach the wall mount bracket at the rear of
the display. Install the wall mount bracket on a solid wall perpendicular to
the floor. If you are attaching the display to other building materials,
please contact qualified personnel to install the wall mount. While a Séura
wall mount is recommended, ensure that any third party mount is adequately
secured to the wall with enough space to allow connectivity to external
devices. If you are using a nonadjustable mount, attach the mount to the wall.
Attach the cables to the display first, then attach the display to the mount.
CAUTION: Do not install your wall mount kit while your display is turned
on. It may result in personal injury due to electric shock.
CAUTION: Do not allow children to climb on or hang from the display.
Remote Functions
Caring for your Séura® Full Sun Series™
While Full Sun Series may be safely exposed to weather and moisture, the use
of a Séura Outdoor Cover when not in use is recommended.
Transporting the Display
When transporting Full Sun Series, never carry it by holding or putting
pressure on the screen. Screen pressure may damage the LCD or weaken the
waterproof seal. Be sure to always transport with two people supporting it
with both hands.
Caring for the Screen
To clean the screen, gently wipe the surface of the front panel with a clean,
soft and lint-free cloth. If needed, dampen the cloth with distilled water or
isopropyl alcohol and lightly wipe the screen. Do not use force as pressure on
the screen may damage the LCD or weaken the waterproof seal. Do not use
solvents or chemical cleaners as they may damage the screen. Do not use a
garden hose or pressure washer on the display.
Caring for the Cabinet
Clean regularly with a clean, soft and lint-free cloth. Do not use a chemical
cloth (wet/dry sheet type cloth). Use a mild detergent, isopropyl alcohol or
multi-use cleaner to remove dust and debris. Stubborn stains such as mineral
water deposits may be removed with a calcium or lime remover such as CRL®.
However, DO NOT allow CRL® to touch the LCD screen as it will distort the
surface. Cleaning with an abrasive cloth or using strong force may scratch the
surface of the cabinet. Do not apply insecticides or other volatile liquids.
Use of a Séura Outdoor Cover when not in use is highly recommended to protect
your display. Do not allow the cabinet to remain in contact with rubber or
vinyl products for a long period of time. Plasticizers inside the plastic may
cause the cabinet to deform and cause the paint to peel off.
Troubleshooting
If the product is not working properly, please check the following troubleshooting solutions before you contact customer service:
Challenge | Possible Solution |
---|---|
Will Not Power Up | • Make sure to check that the AC power cable is connected |
to an outlet and the display
• Make sure that the power outlet is receiving power
• Try pressing POWER button on the display to make sure the problem is not the
remote.
If the display turns on, refer to ‘Remote control does not work’
troubleshooting guide.
Remote Control Not Working| • Make sure that there is known working batteries
in the remote and in the correct polarity
• Make sure there are no obstacles in between the IR receiver and the remote
(ex. sunlight or tape)
• Try pointing the remote directly at the display from 5 feet away.
Signal Issue| • Check cable connections to ensure they are connected.
• Plug the video source directly into the display which will remove any
potential issues associated with an extender or matrix switch device. (if
applicable)
• Replace cables with known working cables.
• Make sure the connected devices are powered ON.
• Make sure that the source is on the correct INPUT.
• Power cycle the video source device by unplugging the device and plugging
the device back in.
No Sound| Soundbar
• Make sure your cables are connected properly
• Make sure the display is not on MUTE / turn up the volume.
• Make sure the soundbar is connected to the power supply
External Sound System
• Make sure your cables are connected properly
• Make sure the display is not on MUTE / turn up the volume.
• Make sure the Digital Audio Settings within the display is not set to OFF
• Test the external sound system with another device to ensure that it is
working.
For additional technical support, please contact Séura at 1-800-957-3872 during regular business hours: M-F 8:00 am – 4:30 pm, Central Time.
Control Documentation
To access current control documents, please visit www.seura.com/download-
center
LIMITED PRODUCT WARRANTY
For information regarding Séura’s warranty policy, please visit our website:
www.seura.com/warranty.
If the current Séura warranty policy is after your product purchase date,
please contact Séura Customer Support to request warranty documentation from
the date of your purchase.
For additional customer support, please contact Séura.
Toll Free: 1-800-957-3872 (Monday –
Friday 8:00 am – 4:30 pm, Central Time)
Website: www.seura.com/support
For responsible recycling information, please contact Séura or visit the
following URL: https://www.seura.com/support/recycling/
1230 Ontario Road Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311
1-800-957-3872
contacts@seura.com
www.seura.com
Publish date: November 17, 2021
Information is subject to change without notice.
© 2021 Séura
Documents / Resources
|
Seura UB4-50 Full Sun
Series
[pdf] Instruction Manual
UB4-50 Full Sun Series, UB4-50, Full Sun Series, Sun Series
---|---
References
- Consumer Product Registration - Séura
- p65warnings.ca.gov
- Séura | Technology + Design
- Support - Séura
- Recycling Programs - Séura
Read User Manual Online (PDF format)
Read User Manual Online (PDF format) >>