VENTS VKPD Duct Rectangular Smoke Extraction Fan User Manual

VENTS VKPD Duct Rectangular Smoke Extraction Fan

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

•  Please read the user’s manual carefully prior to installing and operating the unit.
•  All user’s manual requirements, as well as the provisions of all the applicable local and national construction, electrical, and technical norms and standards, must be observed when installing and operating the unit.
•  The warnings contained in the user’s manual must be considered most seriously since they contain vital personal safety information.
•  Failure to follow the rules and safety precautions noted in this user’s manual may result in an injury or unit damage.
•  After a careful reading of the manual, keep it for the entire service life of the unit.
•  While transferring the unit control, the user’s manual must be turned over to the receiving operator.

UNIT INSTALLATION AND OPERATION SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

•  Disconnect the unit from power mains prior to any installation operations.
•  Unpack the unit with care.
•  The unit must be grounded!
•  While installing the unit, follow the safety regulations specific to the use of electric tools.
•  Do not change the power cable length at your own discretion.
•  Do not bend the power cable.
•  Avoid damaging the power cable.
•  Do not put any foreign objects on the power cable.
•  Do not lay the power cable of the unit in close proximity to heating equipment.
•  Do not use damaged equipment or cables when connecting the unit to power mains.
•  Do not operate the unit outside the temperature range stated in the user’s manual.
•  Do not operate the unit in aggressive or explosive environments.
•  Do not touch the unit controls with wet hands.
•  Do not carry out the installation and maintenance operations with wet hands.
•  Do not wash the unit with water.
•  Protect the electric parts of the unit against ingress of water.
•  Do not allow children to operate the unit.
•  The unit is allowed to be used by children aged from 8 years oldand above and persons with reduced physical, sensory, or mental capabilities or no experience and knowledge provided that they have been given supervision or instruction regarding safe use of the unit and understand the risks involved.
•  Disconnect the unit from power mains prior to any technical maintenance.
•  Do not store any explosive or highly flammable substances in close proximity to the unit.
•  When the unit generates unusual sounds, odour, or emits smoke, disconnect it from power supply and contact the Seller.
•  Do not open the unit during operation.
•  Do not direct the air flow produced by the unit towards open flame or ignition sources.
•  Do not block the air duct when the unit is switched on.
•  In case of continuous operation of the unit, periodically check the security of mounting.
•  Do not sit on the unit and avoid placing foreign objects on it.
•  Use the unit only for its intended purpose.

PURPOSE

THE UNIT SHOULD NOT BE OPERATED BY CHILDREN OR PERSONS WITH REDUCED PHYSICAL, MENTAL, OR SENSORY CAPACITIES, OR THOSE WITHOUT THE APPROPRIATE TRAINING. THE UNIT MUST BE INSTALLED AND CONNECTED ONLY BY PROPERLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL AFTER THE APPROPRIATE BRIEFING. THE CHOICE OF UNIT INSTALLATION LOCATION MUST PREVENT UNAUTHORISED ACCESS BY UNATTENDED CHILDREN.

Duct rectangular smoke extraction fan is used in emergency exhaust ventilation systems for forced removal of smoke, heated gases and combustion products, as well as for general exhaust ventilation of shopping centers, garages, warehouses, and kitchens with the mandatory use of grease filters. The unit is a component part and is not designed for independent operation. The unit is rated for continuous operation. Transported air must not contain any flammable or explosive mixtures, evaporation of chemicals, sticky substances, fibrous materials, coarse dust, soot and oil particles or environments favorable for the formation of hazardous substances (toxic substances, dust, pathogenic germs).

DELIVERY SET

Fan    1 pc.
User’s manual    1 pc.
Packing box      1 pc.

DESIGNATION KEY

TECHNICAL DATA

The unit is designed for application with the ambient temperature ranging from -20 °C up to +40 °C and relative humidity up to 80 %. The fan is designed to remove smoke and air mixtures up to +400 °C for 120 minutes and for continuous operation at a temperature of the transported medium up to +100 °C. The unit is rated as a Class I electrical appliance. Motor protection degree according to IEC 60034-5 – IP55. The unit design is constantly being improved, thus some models may be slightly different from those described in this manual.

DESIGN AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE

The fan casing is made of galvanized steel. For periodic inspections, inspection hatches are provided on the fan casing. The electric motor is installed outside the air flow. The impeller with backward curved blades made of heat-resisting steel. To control the speed, the fan can be equipped with a frequency converter (not included in the delivery set, ordered separately)

MOUNTING AND SET-UP

WARNING

• BEFORE MOUNTING MAKE SURE THE CASING DOES NOT CONTAIN ANY FOREIGN OBJECTS (E.G. FOIL, PAPER).
• WHILE INSTALLING THE UNIT ENSURE CONVENIENT ACCESS FOR SUBSEQUENT MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR.

Prior to mounting the unit:

•  Make sure that the fan impeller rotates freely.
•  Make sure there is no condensation on the motor.
•  Check the electrical resistance of insulation between the motor windings and between each winding and the motor frame. After installing the unit make sure that the fan impeller rotates freely.

The fan is installed between rectangular air ducts. Connect the fan to air ducts with bolts and nuts. The fan must be fixed on independent hangers so that it does not press the flexible joint (purchased separately) or the air duct. It is recommended to suspend the fan to the ceiling using steel reinforcement and threaded rods, or using perforated galvanized plates and connecting them to the fan flanges or to an auxiliary structure. The fan may be installed in any position in consideration of the airflow direction (indicated by the arrow on the fan casing). When placed under the ceiling to access the terminal box and motor, it is desirable to install the fan with the motor downwards. Install a flexible joint (purchased separately) on both sides of the fan. To protect the fan and air duct from dust, it is recommended to install a filter upstream of the fan (purchased separately). If the fan is mounted so that a person or object can come into contact with the impeller, a protective grille must be installed (purchased separately). It is recommended to install a 1.5 m long straight air duct at the fan outlet.

CONNECTION TO POWER MAINS

WARNING

DISCONNECT THE POWER SUPPLY PRIOR TO ANY OPERATIONS WITH THE UNIT. CONNECTION OF THE UNIT TO POWER MAINS IS ALLOWED BY A QUALIFIED ELECTRICIAN WITH A WORK PERMIT FOR THE ELECTRIC UNITS UP TO 1000 V AFTER CAREFUL READING OF THE PRESENT USER’S MANUAL. THE RATED ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF THE UNIT ARE GIVEN ON THE MANUFACTURER’S LABEL.

• The unit is rated for connection to 1~230 V/50 Hz or 3~400 V/50 Hz power mains according to the wiring diagram. The wiring diagram is located inside the electric motor terminal box.
• The connection must be made using durable, insulated and heat-resistant conductors (cables, wires). The actual wire cross-section selection must be based on the maximum load current, maximum conductor temperature depending on the wire type, insulation, length and installation method.
• Connection of the unit to the fixed power supply network must be carried out in accordance with the current regulations.

Access to the terminal box

ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC MOTOR STARTING METHODS

There are several methods for starting asynchronous squirrel-cage electric motors. The most common methods are: direct-on-line (DOL), with a soft starter (SS) or with a frequency converter (FC).

Direct-on-line starting
In case of direct-on-line starting (i.e. by connecting the motor to the electric mains with a simple line contactor), the motor starting time significantly increases due to high inertia of the impeller, which, in turn, results in high in-rush starting currents in the circuit. These currents of long duration may cause voltage slumps (especially if the feed line section falls short of the requirements), which may affect load operation. The in-rush current consumed by an electric motor in case of DOL starting is 5-8 times larger than the rated value (or even 10-14 times larger in some rare instances). It should be noted that the torque developed by the motor also significantly exceeds the rated value. Upon energization the motor operates as a transformer with a squirrel-cage secondary winding formed by the rotor cage with a very low resistance. The rotor develops high induced current causing a rush of current in the feed line. The startup torque during starting averages 0.5-1.5 of the rated torque value. Despite such advantages as simple construction, high startup current, quick start and low cost, direct-on-line systems are suitable only in the following cases:

•  the motor power is low compared to the mains power which limits the adverse effect of the rush of current
•  the driven mechanism does not require gradual speed build-up or is equipped with a damping device to smooth out the inrush
•  the high startup torque has no adverse effects on the operation of the driven mechanism

Soft start. SS starting.
A soft starter gradually increases the voltage supplied to the motor – from the initial to the rated value. This starting system can be used to meet the following goals:

•  limit the motor current
•  regulate the torque

Regulation by limiting the current sets the maximum in-rush current equal to 300-400 % (or 250 % in some rare instances) of the rated current and reduces torque characteristics. This type of regulation is especially suited for turbomachinery such as centrifugal pumps and fans. Regulation by variation of torque optimizes the torque during startup and reduces in-rush current in the circuit. These conditions are suitable for mechanisms with constant load resistance. This type of soft starting may differ in the implementation pattern:

•  motor start
•  motor start and stop
•  device bridging at the end of start sequence
•  start and stop of several motors in stage circuits

Soft start. FC starting.
During the starting the FC raises the frequency from 0 Hz to the electrical mains frequency (50 or 60 Hz). As the frequency is increased gradually, the motor can be assumed to operate at its rated speed for a given frequency value. Furthermore, on the assumption that the motor runs at its rated speed the nominal torque should be immediately available whereas the current will be approximately equal to the rated value. This starting system is used for speed control and regulation and can be used in the following cases:

•  start with high-inertia load
•  start with high load and limited-capacity power supply source
•  optimization of electric power consumption depending on turbomachinery speed The aforementioned starting system can be used for all types of mechanisms.

Problems associated with DOL starting
The problems caused by DOL starting may be divided into two groups:

1.  An abrupt start causes mechanical shock, jolts in the mechanism, shock removal of free play etc.
2.  A heavy start cannot be completed.

Let us review three variations of a heavy start:

1.  The feed line performance is barely sufficient or insufficient to maintain the induced current.
   Typical symptoms: Upon starting the circuit breakers at the system input are tripped; the lights, certain relays and contactors go off, and the supply generator shuts down.
   Solution: In the best-case scenario an SS device may help reduce the in-rush current to 250 % of the motor rated current. If this is insufficient, an FC is necessary.

2.  The motor cannot start the mechanism with DOL starting.
   Typical symptoms: The motor fails to turn or “freezes” at certain speed which is maintained until actuation of the protection suite. Solution: This problem may not be solved with an SS device. The motor develops insufficient shaft torque. However, this problem can be addressed by using an FC, but each case may be different.

3.  The motor spins up the mechanism with authority but fails to reach the rated rotation speed.
   Typical symptoms: The input automatic circuit breaker is tripped during spin-up. This often happens with heavy-weight fans with a considerable rotation speed.
   Solution: Such problems may be addressed with an SS device, but not with 100 % certainty. The closer the motor speed to the rated value during the actuation of the protective equipment, the higher the chances of success. The use of an FC, in this case, helps solve the problem fundamentally.

Standard switching equipment (automatic circuit breakers, contactors and motor starters) is not designed to withstand prolonged overloads normally causing the fan to shut down automatically DOL starting that continues for a long period of time. Using switching equipment with a higher maximum current rating renders the electric motor protection system less sensitive. As a result the switching equipment will not be able to detect motor overload in time due to a high current sensing threshold. Such problems as mentioned above can only be addressed by utilizing a soft starter or a frequency converter to start the fan.

COMMISSIONING

WARNING

THE ORGANISATION RESPONSIBLE FOR THE COMMISSIONING SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR PROPER MOTOR PHASING AND STARTING PATTERN SELECTION.
DURING STARTING THE IN-RUSH CURRENTS OF THE FAN MAY SEVERAL TIMES EXCEED THE RATED VALUES. SEE “ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC MOTOR STARTING METHODS” IN THE “CONNECTION TO POWER MAINS” SECTION

•  After fan starting make sure that the electric motor rotates properly without undue vibration and abnormal noise.
•  Make sure that the fan impeller rotates in the direction marked by the arrow on the fan casing. If necessary, change the rotation direction of the impeller by reversing the phase sequence (for a three-phase motor) or by rewiring according to the wiring diagram located inside the terminal box (for a single-phase motor).
•  Make sure that the fan energy consumption complies with the value given on the equipment nameplate and check the motor for overheating.
•  The phase current should be checked once the fan reaches the rated operating conditions.
•  Do not switch the fan on and off several times without pauses as this may result in damage to the winding or insulation due to overheating.

TECHNICAL MAINTENANCE

The technical maintenance includes periodic cleaning of the surfaces from accumulated dust and dirt. Use a soft dry brush or compressed air to remove dust from metal parts of the fan. The impeller blades require thorough cleaning once in 6 months. Detach air ducts from the fan before starting maintenance works. Clean the impeller blades with a soft cloth wet in mild water detergent solution. Avoid liquid dripping on the motor. Wipe the fan surfaces dry after cleaning. While cleaning the fan make sure the balance counterweights are not shifted and the impeller is not misaligned.

TROUBLESHOOTING

electrical connections against the wiring diagram.
Jammed motor.| Carefully check the fan impeller for possible seizure and eliminate it, if necessary. If the impeller is in order, replace the electric motor.
The switching equipment activates upon fan start-up.| Short circuit in the fan or the electric circuit between the fan and the switching equipment.| Eliminate the cause of a short circuit.
Excessive current consumption due to an overload in the electric mains.| Eliminate the cause of excessive current consumption.
Improper fan starting method.| Use a soft starter or frequency converter to start the motor (see “Asynchronous Electric Motor Starting Methods” in the “Connection to power mains” section).
Improper switching equipment.| Re-select the switching equipment in accordance with the current regulations and equipment specifications.
The installed switching equipment is of poor quality or its actual performance falls short of the rated values stated by the manufacturer.| Re-select the switching equipment by choosing a unit which successfully passed commutation and load tests and has a technical compliance certificate. The selection should be limited to the top five foreign switching equipment manufacturers.
The fan fails to reach the required rotation speed due to serious overheating of the fan motor.| Fan motor overloaded.| Eliminate the overload.
Improper fan starting method.| Use a soft starter or frequency converter to start the motor (see “Asynchronous Electric Motor Starting Methods” in the “Connection to power mains” section).
The fan motor runs at overload capacity with current consumption in excess of the rated value.| The fan supplies more air than expected upon motor capacity selection.| Measure network resistance. Throttle down the network (add aerodynamic resistance to the air duct network).
Wrong motor phasing. The impeller rotates in the opposite direction of the arrow on the fan casing.| If necessary, change the impeller rotation direction by changing the phase sequence on the electric motor terminals.
Air ducts clogged.| Clean the air duct or the impeller.
The fan supplies more air than expected.| The resistance values used during the ventilation network calculations are too conservative.| Check the air ducts for proper shape and cross section as well as for any dampers present.
The cross section of air ducts increased and their number reduced during the installation.| Throttle down the network (add aerodynamic resistance to the air duct network).
Wrong choice of the fan.| Replace the fan with a unit of proper standard size.
The fan supplies less air than expected.| Wrong calculation of the ventilation network and wrong selection of the fan.| Re-calculate the network parameters and select a matching fan.
---|---|---
The network resistance exceeds the design calculations.| Re-arrange the ventilation network to decrease its aerodynamic resistance.
Wrong direction of the impeller rotation.| If necessary, change the impeller rotation direction by changing the phase sequence on the electric motor terminals (see the “Commissioning” section).
Air leak through a loose air duct connection.| Eliminate the air leak. Seal the air duct connection.
Impeller or air duct contamination with foreign objects or debris.| Clean the impeller or the air ducts from foreign objects or debris.
Excessive noise or vibration both inside the fan and in the circuit.| Loose screw connections.| Check the screw connections for proper tightness.
No flexible joints between the fan and the ventilation network on the suction and discharge sides.| Install flexible joints.
Loose connection of valves and dampers to the air ducts.| Tighten up the fasteners of valves and dampers.
Impeller or air duct contamination with foreign objects or debris.| Clean the impeller or the air ducts from foreign objects or debris.
Worn bearings.| Replace the bearings.
Unstable power supply, unstable motor operation.| Check the stability of power supply parameters and electric motor operation.

STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION REGULATIONS

•  Store the unit in the manufacturer’s original packaging box in a dry closed ventilated premise with temperature range from +5 ˚С to +40 ˚С and relative humidity up to 70 %.
•  Storage environment must not contain aggressive vapors and chemical mixtures provoking corrosion, insulation, and sealing deformation.
•  Use suitable hoist machinery for handling and storage operations to prevent possible damage to the unit.
•  Follow the handling requirements applicable for the particular type of cargo.
•  The unit can be carried in the original packaging by any mode of transport provided proper protection against precipitation and mechanical damage. The unit must be transported only in the working position.
•  Avoid sharp blows, scratches, or rough handling during loading and unloading.
•  Prior to the initial power-up after transportation at low temperatures, allow the unit to warm up at operating temperature for at least 3- 4 hours.

MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY

The product is in compliance with EU norms and standards on low voltage guidelines and electromagnetic compatibility. We hereby declare that the product complies with the provisions of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive 2014/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council and CE-marking Council Directive 93/68/EEC. This certificate is issued following test carried out on samples of the product referred to above. The manufacturer hereby warrants normal operation of the unit for 24 months after the retail sale date provided the user’s observance of the transportation, storage, installation, and operation regulations. Should any malfunctions occur in the course of the unit operation through the Manufacturer’s fault during the guaranteed period of operation, the user is entitled to get all the faults eliminated by the manufacturer by means of warranty repair at the factory free of charge. The warranty repair includes work specific to elimination of faults in the unit operation to ensure its intended use by the user within the guaranteed period of operation. The faults are eliminated by means of replacement or repair of the unit components or a specific part of such unit component.

The warranty repair does not include:

•  routine technical maintenance
•  unit installation/dismantling
•  unit setup

To benefit from warranty repair, the user must provide the unit, the user’s manual with the purchase date stamp, and the payment paperwork certifying the purchase. The unit model must comply with the one stated in the user’s manual. Contact the Seller for warranty service.

The manufacturer’s warranty does not apply to the following cases:

•  User’s failure to submit the unit with the entire delivery package as stated in the user’s manual including submission with missing component parts previously dismounted by the user.
•  Mismatch of the unit model and the brand name with the information stated on the unit packaging and in the user’s manual.
•  User’s failure to ensure timely technical maintenance of the unit.
•  External damage to the unit casing (excluding external modifications as required for installation) and internal components caused by the user.
•  Redesign or engineering changes to the unit.
•  Replacement and use of any assemblies, parts and components not approved by the manufacturer.
•  Unit misuse.
•  Violation of the unit installation regulations by the user.
•  Violation of the unit control regulations by the user.
•  Unit connection to power mains with a voltage different from the one stated in the user’s manual.
•  Unit breakdown due to voltage surges in power mains.
•  Discretionary repair of the unit by the user.
•  Unit repair by any persons without the manufacturer’s authorization.
•  Expiration of the unit warranty period.
•  Violation of the unit transportation regulations by the user.
•  Violation of the unit storage regulations by the user.
•  Wrongful actions against the unit committed by third parties.
•  Unit breakdown due to circumstances of insuperable force (fire, flood, earthquake, war, hostilities of any kind, blockades).
•  Missing seals if provided by the user’s manual.
•  Failure to submit the user’s manual with the unit purchase date stamp.
•  Missing payment paperwork certifying the unit purchase.

The manufacturer shall not accept any claims with regards to the condition of the paint-and-lacquer coating (hereinafter PLC) in the following cases:

•  Dents, cracks, scratches and abrasions of the PLC sustained during handling, mounting and assembly operations.
•  Progress of corrosion on areas damaged with stones, sand, and roof coat tar during the performance of roofing work.
•  Signs of direct exposure of the PLC to excessive temperatures, which occurred during the performance of roofing work.
•  Violation of regulations on transportation, storage, installation, and operation of the unit.
•  Presence of damage caused by exposure to industrial and chemical emissions, acidic or alkaline pollution, sap or other factors not related to normal operating conditions.

References

• Vents Global

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