Micsig ATO1000 Series Automotive Oscilloscope User Manual

ATO1000 Series Automotive Oscilloscope

Version Info Version V1.0

Date 2020.06

Remarks

Preface
Preface
Dear customers, Congratulations! Thank you for buying Micsig instrument. Please read this manual carefully before use and particularly pay attention to the “Safety Precautions”. If you have read this manual, please keep it properly for future reference. The materials contained in this document are provided “as present” and are subject to change in future versions without notice.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………I
CHAPTER 1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
1.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 1.2 SAFETY TERMS AND SYMBOLS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7
CHAPTER 2. QUICK START GUIDE OF OSCILLOSCOPE …………………………………………………………………………………..9
2.1 INSPECT PACKAGE CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..10 2.2 USE THE BRACKET …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….10 2.3 REAR PANEL & SIDE PANEL………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….11 2.4 FRONT PANEL……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11 2.5 POWER ON/OFF THE OSCILLOSCOPE………………………………………………………………………………………………………12 2.6 UNDERSTAND THE OSCILLOSCOPE DISPLAY INTERFACE…………………………………………………………………………..13 2.7 INTRODUCTION BASIC OPERATIONS OF TOUCH SCREEN…………………………………………………………………………..15 2.8 MOUSE OPERATION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………16 2.9 CONNECT PROBE TO THE OSCILLOSCOPE……………………………………………………………………………………………….16 2.10 USE AUTO ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………17 2.11 LOAD FACTORY SETTINGS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………19 2.12 USE AUTO- CALIBRATION…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..19 2.13 PASSIVE PROBE COMPENSATION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..19 2.15 MODIFY THE LANGUAGE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..21
CHAPTER 3 AUTOMOTIVE TEST …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
3.1 CHARGING/START CIRCUIT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22 3.1.1 12V Charging …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………23 3.1.2 24V Charging …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………24 3.1.3 Alternator AC Ripple ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….24 3.1.4 Ford Focus Smart Generator………………………………………………………………………………………………………25 3.1.5 12V Start…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………26 3.1.6 24V Start……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….28 3.1.7 Cranking Current ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………28
3.2 SENSOR TESTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..29 3.2.1 ABS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..30 3.2.2 Accelerator pedal …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….30 3.2.3 Air Flow Meter…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………32 3.2.4 Camshaft ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..33 3.2.5 Coolant Temperature………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..34 3.2.6 Crankshaft ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………35 3.2.7 Distributor …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………37 3.2.8 Fuel pressure …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..37 3.2.9 Knock ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..38 3.2.10 Lambda…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………40

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3.2.11 MAP……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..41 3.2.12 Road Speed……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………42 3.2.13 Throttle Position …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….43 3.3 ACTUATORS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..45 3.3.1 Carbon canister solenoid valve…………………………………………………………………………………………………..45 3.3.2 Disel Glow Plugs ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………46 3.3.3 EGR Solenoid Valve…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..47 3.3.4 Fuel Pump……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….48 3.3.5 Idle speed control valve …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..50 3.3.6 Injector (gasoline engine) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..51 3.3.7 Injector (Diesel) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….52 3.3.8 Pressure regulator ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….53 3.3.9 Quantity (Flow) control valve …………………………………………………………………………………………………….54 3.3.10 Throttle Servo Motor ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………55 3.3.11 Variable speed cooling fan ………………………………………………………………………………………………………56 3.3.12 Variable valve timing………………………………………………………………………………………………………………57 3.4 IGNITION TESTS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………59 3.4.1 Primary …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..59 3.4.2 Secondary ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….61 3.4.3 Primary + Secondary…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………62 3.5 NETWORKS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………63 3.5.1 CAN High & CAN Low ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….63 3.5.2 LIN Bus……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………65 3.5.3 FlexRay Bus……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..66 3.5.4 K line………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………67 3.6 COMBINATION TESTS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..69 3.6.1 Crankshaft + Camshaft ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..69 3.6.2 Crankshaft + Primary ignition…………………………………………………………………………………………………….70 3.6.3 Primary ignition + Injector voltage ……………………………………………………………………………………………..71 3.6.4 Crankshaft + Camshaft + Injector + Secondary Ignition …………………………………………………………………72 3.7 PRESSURE TEST ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………73 3.7.1 Intake Manifold ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….73 3.7.2 Exhaust Tailpipe……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….74 3.7.3 In-Cylinder ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………75 3.7.4 In-Crankcase ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………77
CHAPTER 4 HORIZONTAL SYSTEM………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 78
4.1 MOVING THE WAVEFORM HORIZONTALLY………………………………………………………………………………………………79 4.2 ADJUST THE HORIZONTAL TIME BASE (TIME/DIV)…………………………………………………………………………………..79 4.3 PAN AND ZOOM SINGLE OR STOPPED ACQUISITIONS……………………………………………………………………………….81 4.4 ROLL, XY…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………81 4.5 ZOOM MODE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….84
CHAPTER 5 VERTICAL SYSTEM ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 87
5.1 OPEN/CLOSE WAVEFORM (CHANNEL, MATH, REFERENCE WAVEFORMS) …………………………………………………..88
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Table of Contents
5.2 ADJUST VERTICAL SENSITIVITY …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..90 5.3 ADJUST VERTICAL POSITION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….90 5.4 OPEN CHANNEL MENU……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….91
5.4.1 Measured Signal…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………91 5.4.2 Filter …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………93 5.4.3 Waveform Invert…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………94 5.4.4 Set Probe Type ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………95 5.4.5 Set Probe Attenuation Coefficient …………………………………………………………………………………………………96
CHAPTER 6 TRIGGER SYSTEM ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 97
6.1 TRIGGER AND TRIGGER ADJUSTMENT …………………………………………………………………………………………………..98 6.2 EDGE TRIGGER ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..103 6.3 PULSE WIDTH TRIGGER…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….105 6.4 LOGIC TRIGGER……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….108 6.5 NTH EDGE TRIGGER …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………110 6.6 RUNT TRIGGER………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..112 6.7 SLOPE TRIGGER……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….113 6.8 TIMEOUT TRIGGER …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..115 6.9 VIDEO TRIGGER ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………116 6.10 SERIAL BUS TRIGGER ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..118
CHAPTER 7 ANALYSIS SYSTEM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 119
7.1 AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..120 7.2 FREQUENCY METER MEASUREMENT…………………………………………………………………………………………………..124 7.3 CURSOR………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….124
CHAPTER 8 SCREEN CAPTURE, MEMORY DEPTH AND WAVEFORM STORAGE ……………………………………………… 128
8.1 SCREEN CAPTURE FUNCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….129 8.2 VIDEO RECORDING…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..129 8.3 WAVEFORM STORAGE ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………130
CHAPTER 9 MATH AND REFERENCE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 135
9.1 DUAL WAVEFORM CALCULATION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………136 9.2 FFT MEASUREMENT ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..138 9.3 REFERENCE WAVEFORM CALL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..141
CHAPTER 10 DISPLAY SETTINGS AND FUNCTION BUTTONS ……………………………………………………………………… 143
10.1 WAVEFORM SETTINGS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….144 10.2 GRATICULE SETTING ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………144 10.3 PERSISTENCE SETTING ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………144 10.4 HORIZONTAL EXPANSION CENTER…………………………………………………………………………………………………….145 10.5 TIME BASE MODE SELECTION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….145 10.6 RUN/STOP AND SINGLE SEQ ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………146 10.7 AUTO……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………146 10.8 MEASUREMENT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..146 10.9 TRIGGER……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….146
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10.10 HOME …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………146
CHAPTER 11 SAMPLING SYSTEM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 147
11.1 SAMPLING OVERVIEW …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….148 11.2 RUN/STOP KEY AND SINGLE SEQ KEY………………………………………………………………………………………………150 11.3 SELECT SAMPLING MODE………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..151 11.4 RECORD LENGTH AND SAMPLING RATE……………………………………………………………………………………………..153
CHAPTER 12 HOMEPAGE FUNCTIONS…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 155
12.1 OSCILLOSCOPE (SEE CHAPTERS 2~13)……………………………………………………………………………………………….156 12.2 CONTACT US………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….156 12.3 FILE MANAGER ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..156 12.4 SETTINGS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………157 12.5 QUICKGUIDE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………162 12.6 PHOTO………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..162 12.7 VIDEO…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..163 12.8 TIME…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….164 12.9 SHUTDOWNLOCK SCREEN AND UNLOCK……………………………………………………………………………………………….165
CHAPTER 13 SERIAL BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE (OPTIONAL) ………………………………………………………………….. 167
13.1 UART (RS232/RS422/RS485) BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE …………………………………………………………………169 13.2 LIN BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE ………………………………………………………………………………………………………174 13.3 CAN BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE …………………………………………………………………………………………………….178 13.4 SPI BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE……………………………………………………………………………………………………..181 13.5 I2C BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE……………………………………………………………………………………………………….185 13.6 ARINC429 BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE ……………………………………………………………………………………………188 13.7 1553B BUS TRIGGER AND DECODE …………………………………………………………………………………………………..192
CHAPTER 14 REMOTE CONTROL………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 195
14.1 HOST COMPUTER (PC) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………196 14.1.1 Installation of Host Computer Software ……………………………………………………………………………………..196 14.1.2 Connection of Host Computer …………………………………………………………………………………………………..196 14.1.3 Main Interface Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..197 14.1.4 Operation Interface Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………198 14.1.5 Storage and View of Pictures and Videos ……………………………………………………………………………………198
14.2 MOBILE REMOTE CONTROL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….199 14.3 FTP ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..200 14.4 SCPI…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….203
CHAPTER 15 REFERENCE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 204
15.1 MEASUREMENT CATEGORY ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..204 15.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………204 15.3 SOFTWARE AND FIRMWARE UPDATES ………………………………………………………………………………………………..205
CHAPTER 16 TROUBLESHOOTING………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 206
CHAPTER 17 SERVICES AND SUPPORT ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 209
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Table of Contents
ANNEX ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 210 ANNEX ATECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ………………………………………………………………………………………………….210 ANNEX B: MAINTENANCE OF ATO OSCILLOSCOPE …………………………………………………………………………………….214 ANNEX C: ACCESSORIES………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..215
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Chapter 1. Safety Precautions
1.1 Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions must be understood to avoid personal injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid possible safety hazards, it is essential to follow these precautions while using this product. Only professionally trained personnel can operate the maintenance procedure. Avoid fire and personal injury. Use proper power cord. Use only the power cord specified for this product and certified for the country/region
of use. Connect and disconnect probes properly. Connect the instrument probe correctly, and its ground terminal is
ground phase. Do not connect or disconnect probes or test leads while they are connected to a voltage source. Disconnect the probe input and the probe reference lead from the circuit under test before disconnecting the probe from the measurement product. Ground the product. To avoid electric shock, the instrument grounding conductor must be connected to earth ground. Observe all terminal ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all rating and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for further information of ratings before making connections to the product. User correct probes. To avoid excessive electric shock, use only correct rated probes for any measurement. Disconnect AC power. The adapter can be disconnected from AC power and the user must be able to access the adapter at any time. Do not operate without covers. Do not operate the product with covers or panels removed. Do not operate with suspected failures. If you suspect that there is damage to this product, have it inspected by service personnel designated by Micsig. Use adapter correctly. Supply power or charge the equipment by power adapter designated by Micsig, and charge the battery according to the recommended charging cycle. Avoid exposed circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components when power is present. Provide proper ventilation. Do not operate in wet/damp conditions. Do not operate in a flammable and explosive atmosphere. Keep product surfaces clean and dry. The disturbance test of all models complies with Class A standards, based on EN61326:1997+A1+A2+A3, but do not meet Class B standards.
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Chapter 1. Safety Precautions

Measurement Category ATO series oscilloscopes can be measured under measurement category I. Measurement Category Definition Measurement category I is for measurement on a circuit that is not directly connected to the mains power supply. For example, there is no circuit drawn from the main power source, or a circuit that has been drawn from the mains but has been specially protected (internal). In the latter case, the instantaneous stress will change; therefore, the user should understand the instantaneous endurance of the device. Warning: IEC measurement category. Under IEC category I installation conditions, the input terminal can be connected to a circuit terminal with a maximum line voltage of 300Vrms. To avoid the risk of electric shock, please do not connect the input terminal to a circuit whose line voltage exceeds 300Vrms. The transient overvoltage exists in a circuit isolated from the main power supply. TO1000 series digital oscilloscopes are designed to safely withstand occasional transient overvoltages up to 1000Vpk. Do not use this equipment to measure in a circuit where the instantaneous overvoltage exceeds this value.
1.2 Safety Terms and Symbols
Terms in the manual These terms may appear in this manual:
Warning. Warning statements indicate conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life.

Caution. Caution statements indicate conditions or practices that could result in damage to this product or

other property.

Terms on the product

These terms may appear on the product:

Danger

indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking.

Warning indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking.

Caution

indicates a hazard to this product or other properties.

Symbols on the product

The following symbols may appear on the product:

Hazardous Voltage

Caution Refer to Manual

Protective Ground Terminal
7

Chassis Ground

Measurement Ground Terminal

Please read the following safety precautions to avoid personal injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid possible hazards, this product can only be used within the specified scope.

Warning
If the instrument input port is connected to a circuit with the peak voltage higher than 42V or the power exceeding 4800VA, to avoid electric shock or fire: User only insulated voltage probes supplied with the instrument, or the equivalent product indicated in the
schedule. Before use, inspect voltage probes, test leads, and accessories for mechanical damage and replace when
damaged. Remove voltage probes and accessories not in use. Plug the battery charger into the AC outlet before connecting it to the instrument.

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Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope
Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope
This chapter contains oscilloscope inspection and some related operations. It is recommended that you read this chapter carefully in order to understand the appearance, power on and off, oscilloscope settings and related calibration requirements of the ATO series oscilloscope. Inspect package contents Use bracket Rear panel & side panel Front panel Power on/off the oscilloscope Understand the oscilloscope display interface Introduction to basic operations of oscilloscope Mouse operation Connect probe to the oscilloscope Use auto Use factory settings Use auto-calibration Passive probe compensation Modify the language
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2.1 Inspect Package Contents
When you open package after receipt, please check the instrument according to the following steps. 1) Inspect if there is any damage caused by transportation
If the package or foam is found to be severely damaged, please retain it until the instrument and accessories pass the electrical and mechanical properties test. 2) Inspect the accessories A detailed description is given in “Annex C” of this manual. You can refer it to check if the accessories are complete. If the accessories are missing or damaged, please contact Micsig’s agent or local office. 3) Inspect the instrument If any damage to oscilloscope is found by the appearance inspection or it fails to pass the performance test, please contact Micsig’s agent or local office. If the instrument is damaged due to transportation, please retain the package and contact the transportation company or Micsig’s agent, and Micsig will make arrangement.
2.2 Use the Bracket
Put the front panel of the oscilloscope flatly on the table. Use your two index fingers to hold the underside of the bracket and open the bracket by slightly upwards force, as shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Open Bracket
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Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope
2.3 Rear panel & side panel

2.4 Front Panel

Figure 2-2 Rear panel & side Panel

Figure 2-3 Front Panel of Tablet Oscilloscope
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Touch button

Description Run/Stop: Touch to start/Stop acquisition

Single SEQ: Touch to trigger on a single waveform
AutoAutomatically adjust the vertical scale factor, vertical position and horizontal time base to achieve the best display state of the waveform
50%Touch to set The channel zero point quickly returns to the center of the screen The trigger position quickly returns to the center of the screen Trigger level quickly returns to the center of waveform The cursor automatically adjusts to the center of the screen on both
sides, horizontal or vertical
MeasureTouch to turn on / off measurement menu

TriggerTouch to turn on / off trigger menu
HomeTouch to return to the homepage Table 2-1 Description of Oscilloscope Front Panel
2.5 Power on/off the Oscilloscope
Power on/off the oscilloscope First time start Connect power adapter to the oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope should not be pressed on the adapter cable.

Press the power button Power on

to start the instrument.

Press the power button Power off

to start the instrument while ensuring it is connected to a power supply.

Press the power button

, go to power-off interface, and click to turn off the instrument.

Long press the power button

for forced power-off of the instrument.

Caution: Forced power-off may result in loss of unsaved data, please use with caution.

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Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope
2.6 Understand the Oscilloscope Display Interface
This part briefly introduces and describes the user interface of the ATO series oscilloscope. After reading this part, you will be familiar with the contents of the display interface of the oscilloscope in the shortest time. The specific settings and adjustments are described in detail in the following chapters. The following items may appear on the screen at a given time, but not all items are visible. The oscilloscope interface is shown in Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-4 Oscilloscope Interface Display No. Description 1 Micsig logo 2 Oscilloscope status, including RUN, STOP, WAIT, AUTO 3 Trigger point 4 Sampling rate, memory depth
The area in “[]” indicates the position of waveform displayed on the screen throughout the memory 5
depth Delay time, the time at which the center line of the waveform display area is relative to the trigger 6 point 7 Center line of waveform display area
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No. Description 8 Memory depth indicatrix 9 Current trigger type indication 10 Current trigger source, trigger level 11 Trigger level indicator
CH1CH2CH3CH4 cchannel icons and vertical sensitivity icon. Tap the channel icons to open channels and corresponding channel menu, or close channels, operate in a loop; Tap mV or 12 V to adjust the vertical sensitivity of channels; Display the vertical sensitivity of channels; Display the sampling mode Trigger level adjustment, press on the button to modify the trigger level through upward and 13 downward movements 14 Display areas of USB-PC connection, USB connection, battery level, time etc. 15 Switch to MATH and REF channel 16 Automotive diagnostic software presets Current channel selection. Click to pop up the current channel switching menu to switch the current 17 channel. Horizontal time base control icon. Tap the left/right time base buttons to adjust the horizontal time 18 base of the waveform. Tap the time base to turn on the time base knob and turn the knob to adjust the time base. 19 Quick save. Tap to quickly save the waveform as a reference waveform. Fine adjustment button. Tap the button to finely adjust the last operation, including waveform 20 position, trigger level position, trigger point and cursor position. Waveform display area displays information such as waveforms, cursors, and related waveform 21 measurements. 22 Channel indicator can indicate the zero-level position of the open channel.
Table 2-1 Description of Oscilloscope Display Interface
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Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope
2.7 Introduction Basic Operations of Touch Screen
The tBook mini Series oscilloscope operates mainly by tap, swipe, single- finger drag, and multi-finger drag.
Figure 2-5 Basic Operations of tBook mini series Oscilloscope Tap Tap button on the touch screen to activate the corresponding menu and function. Tap any blank space on the screen to exit the menu. Swipe Single-finger swipe: to open/close menus, including main menu, shortcut menu button and other channel menu operations. For example, the main menu is opened as shown in Figure 2-6. The closing method is the opposite of the opening method.
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Figure 2-6 Slide out of Main Menu Tap the options in the main menu to enter the corresponding submenu. The opening methods of channel menu and math menu are slightly different from that of the main menu. Tap the channel icon and math icon to open the corresponding menu. Three-finger slide: to quickly turn on/off Zoom. Refer to “3.5 Zoom Mode” for details. Four-fingers slide: for quick screen capture. Refer to “7.1 Screen Capture Function” for details. Single-finger drag: For coarse adjustments of vertical position, trigger point, trigger level, cursor, etc. of the waveform. Refer to “3.1 Horizontal Move Waveform” and “4.3 Adjust Vertical Position” for details.
2.8 Mouse Operation
Connect the mouse to the “USB Host” interface, then operate the oscilloscope with the mouse. The menu will pop up with the right mouse button. The left mouse button has the same function as the finger touch, and the horizontal time base can be adjusted by rolling the mouse wheel. The right mouse button menu is shown in Figure 2-7.
Figure 2-7 Mouse Cursor Note: The touch operation cannot be used normally after the mouse is connected (unless it is unlocked, see 12.9 Shut down, lock screen and unlock for details)
2.9 Connect Probe to the Oscilloscope

1. Connect the probe to the oscilloscope channel BNC connector. 2) Connect the retractable tip on the probe to the circuit point or measured equipment. Be sure to connect the
   probe ground wire to the ground point of the circuit.
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Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope

Maximum input voltage of the analog input Category I 300Vrms, 400Vpk.
2.10 Use Auto

Once the oscilloscope is properly connected and a valid signal is input, tap the Auto Set button configure the oscilloscope to be the best display effects for the input signal.

to quickly

Auto is divided into Auto Set and Auto Range. It is defaulted as Auto Set.6

Auto Set — Single-time auto, and each time press “Auto”, the screen displays “Auto” in the upper left corner. The oscilloscope can automatically adjust the vertical scale, horizontal scale and trigger setting according to the amplitude and frequency of signals, adjust the waveform to the appropriate size and display the input signal. After adjustments, exit from the auto set, the “Auto” in the upper left corner disappears.

Channels may be automatically opened. Any channel greater or less than the threshold level can be opened or closed automatically according to the set threshold level. The threshold level can be settable.

Source can be automatically triggered, and the triggered source channel can be automatically set to select priority to the current signal or to the maximum signal.

Open the main menu. Tap “Auto” to open the auto set menu, including channel open/close setting, threshold voltage setting and trigger source setting.

Figure 2-8 Open Auto Set Automatic configuration includes: single channel and multiple channels; automatic adjustment of the horizontal time base, vertical sensitivity and trigger level of signal; the oscilloscope waveform is inverted off, the bandwidth limit sets to full bandwidth, it sets as DC coupling mode, the sampling mode is normal; the trigger type is set to edge trigger and the trigger mode is automatic. Note: The application of Auto Set requires that the frequency of measured signal is no less than 20Hz, the duty ratio is greater than 1% and the amplitude is at least 2mVpp. If these parameter ranges are exceeded, Auto Set will fail.
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Figure 2-9 Auto Set Waveform Auto Range – Continuously automatic, the oscilloscope continuously adjusts the vertical scale, horizontal time base and trigger level in a real-time manner according to the magnitude and frequency of signal. It is defaulted as off and needs to be opened in the menu. This function is mutually exclusive with “Auto Set”. Open the main menu and tap “Auto” to open the auto range menu for the corresponding settings. When the oscilloscope auto range function is turned on, the oscilloscope will automatically set various parameters, including: vertical scale, horizontal time base, trigger level, etc. When the signal is connected, these parameters will automatically change, and the signal does not need to be operated again after the change. The oscilloscope will automatically recognize and make the appropriate changes. Auto range: Turn the auto range function on or off Vertical scale: Turn on the vertical scale automatic adjustment function; Horizontal time base: Turn on the horizontal time base automatic adjustment function; Trigger level: Turns on the auto-adjust trigger level function.
Figure 2-10 Open Auto Range Auto Range is usually more useful than Auto Set under the following situations: 1) It can analyze signals subject to dynamic changes.
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Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope
2) It can quickly view several continuous signals without adjusting the oscilloscope. This function is very useful if you need to use two probes at the same time, or if you can only use the probe with one hand because the other hand is full.
3) Control the automatic adjustment setting of the oscilloscope.
2.11 Load Factory Settings
Open the main menu, tap “User Settings” to enter the user setting page. Tap “Factory Settings” and the dialog box for loading factory settings will pop- up. Press “OK” and load the factory settings. The dialog box for loading factory settings is shown in Figure 2-11.
Figure 2-11 Load Factory Settings
2.12 Use Auto-calibration
Open the main menu, tap “User Settings” to enter the user setting page. Tap “Auto Calibration” to enter the autocalibration mode. When the auto- calibration function is active, the upper left corner of the screen displays “Calibrating” in red, and after calibrating is finished, the word in red disappears. When the temperature changes largely, the auto-calibration function can make the oscilloscope maintain the highest accuracy of measurement. Auto-calibration should be done without probe. Auto-calibration process takes about two minutes. If the temperature changes above 10, we recommended users perform the auto-calibration.
2.13 Passive Probe Compensation
Before connecting to any channels, users should make a probe compensation to ensure the probe match the input channel. The probe without compensation will lead to larger measurement errors or mistakes. Probe compensation can optimize the signal path and make measurement more accurate. If the temperature changes 10 or above, this program must run to ensure the measurement accuracy. Probe compensation may be conducted in the following steps: 1) First, connect the oscilloscope probe to CH1. If a hook head is used, make sure that it is in good connection
with the probe. 2) Connect the probe to the calibration output signal terminal and connect the probe ground to the ground
terminal. As shown in Figure 2-12.
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Figure 2-12 Probe Connection 3) Open the channel (if the channel is closed). 4) Adjust the oscilloscope channel attenuation coefficient to match the probe attenuation ratio.

5. Tap

button or manually adjust the waveform vertical sensitivity and horizontal time base. Observe

the shape of the waveform, see Figure 2-13.

Figure 2-13 Probe Compensation If the waveform on the screen is shown as “under-compensation” or “over-compensation”, please adjust the trimmer capacitor until the waveform shown on the screen as “correct-compensation”. The probe adjustment is shown in Figure 2-14.
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Chapter 2. Quick Start Guide of Oscilloscope
Figure 2-14 Probe Adjustment The safety ring on the probe provides a safe operating range. Fingers should not exceed the safety ring when using the probe, so as to avoid electric shock. 6) Connect the probe to all other oscilloscope channels (Ch2 of a 2-channel oscilloscope, or Ch 2, 3 and 4 of a 4-
channel oscilloscope). 7) Repeat this step for each channel.
Warning
Ensure the wire insulation is in good condition to avoid probe electric shock while measuring high voltage. Keep your fingers behind the probe safety ring to prevent electric shock. When the probe is connected a voltage source, do not touch metal parts of the probe-head to prevent electric
shock. Before any measurement, please correctly connect the probe ground end.
2.15 Modify the Language
To modify the display language, please refer to “11.4 Settings – Language”.
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
This chapter contains most of the test applications of ATO automotive oscilloscopes in automotive circuits. The purpose is to help users quickly troubleshoot and locate automotive electronics faults. It is recommended that you read this chapter carefully to understand the general operation and use of automotive oscilloscopes.
3.1 Charging/Start Circuit
All electrical equipment of the car is powered by a power system composed of an on-board generator and a battery. In this power system, the generator supplies power to the electrical equipment and charges the battery when the generator is working normally. When the power generated by the generator is less than the power consumed by the on-board electrical equipment, the battery participates in power supply to make up for its deficiency. When the engine is working normally, it is necessary to ensure sufficient charging time for the battery to ensure that it does not lose power. When the generator is working normally, whether to charge the battery can be indicated from the charging indicator on the instrument panel. Due to the large speed range of the engine, the generator must be equipped with a voltage regulator to ensure that its rated voltage is not affected by the speed and current. The power supply when the engine starts is completely provided by the battery, so the battery must ensure that there is enough capacity to start the engine smoothly. The ATO1000 series car-specific oscilloscope can test the charging circuit and the starting circuit to test whether the charging/starting circuit of the car is working properly. The specific operations are as follows:

Click the icon

in the lower right corner of the oscilloscope to display the screen shown in Figure 3-1

Figure 3-1 Charging/Start Circuits
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.1.1 12V Charging
12V charging is suitable for gasoline vehicles. Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery using two large alligator clips (the red wire is connected to the red clip to the positive electrode, and the black wire is connected to the black clip. negative electrode). If you need to measure current, please use a current clamp of 600A and above, connect the BNC of the current clamp to channel 2, turn on the switch of the current clamp, and clamp the current clamp to the output power line of the generator. The alternator provides power to the vehicle. There is little difference between different manufacturers. The charging voltage is generally between 13.5V and 15.0V. It is not good if it is too large or too small. The output current of the generators of different models of different manufacturers is not the same, so it needs to be estimated according to the vehicle. Note: The generator adopts AC power generation. The voltage is converted to DC through multiple rectifier diodes. The voltage can be measured by a multimeter. However, when the diodes are damaged, the multimeter displays the correct readings, and the waveform can be judged by an oscilloscope. The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-2:
Figure 3-2 12V Charging
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3.1.2 24V Charging
24V charging is suitable for diesel vehicles. The operation process is the same as that of 12V charging. The reference voltage is 26.5V~30V. It can be tested with an oscilloscope. The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-3:
Figure 3-3 24V Charging
3.1.3 Alternator AC Ripple
The ATO oscilloscope can test the charging ripple and assist the user to determine whether the charging process is normal. Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to the oscilloscope channel 1, and the other end is clamped between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery (the red wire is connected to the red clip) Connect the positive pole, and connect the black wire to the black clip to the negative pole). Start the vehicle and start the test. At this time, the oscilloscope is coupled to AC, and what is displayed is not the true voltage value. It is based on the DC waveform and the difference relative to the DC voltage. As shown in Figure 3-4 below:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-4 Charging Ripple
3.1.4 Ford Focus Smart Generator
Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, connect the black plug to the black alligator clip to ground (battery negative), and use a needle to connect the red connector to the engine ECM to generator output control line. Use BNC to banana cable, one end Connect to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, the other black plug is connected to the black alligator clip to ground (the negative electrode of the battery), and the red connector is connected to the feedback of the generator to the engine ECM with a stinger. Use a current clamp of 600A and above, connect the BNC of the current clamp to channel 3, turn on the switch of the current clamp, and clamp the current clamp to the output power line of the generator. Start the vehicle and start the test. Among them, the control signal of ECM to the generator on channel 1 is square wave/pulse width modulation signal/LIN line; the feedback signal of the generator on channel 2 is square wave/pulse width modulation signal, which is displayed on channel 3. Is the output current of the generator. Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the Focus smart generator, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-5:
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Figure 3-5 Ford Focus Smart Generator
3.1.5 12V Start
Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the start of the gasoline car, the purpose is to test whether the performance of the battery is maintained in the normal range. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and use two large alligator clips to clamp the positive and negative poles of the battery (the red wire connects to the red clamp to the positive pole, and the black wire to the black clamp to the negative pole). Use a current clamp above 600A, connect the BNC of the current clamp to channel 2, turn on the switch of the current clamp, and clamp the current clamp to the positive or negative power line of the battery. You need to clamp the entire positive or negative line. Stay, pay attention to the positive and negative polarity (positive current flows from the positive to the negative of the battery). The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-6:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-6 12V Start The following figure is the actual measurement diagram of the starting voltage and current of Mazda in a certain year:
Figure 3-7 Starting voltage and current
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3.1.6 24V Start
Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the starting process of the diesel vehicle, the purpose is to test whether the performance of the battery is maintained in the normal range, the operation process is the same as the 12V start. The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-8:
Figure 3-8 24V Start
3.1.7 Cranking Current
Use an ATO oscilloscope with a current probe to conduct a current test on the starting process of the car (automobile or diesel car), observe whether the current waveform is normal, use a current clamp of 600A or above, and connect the BNC of the current clamp to channel 2. On, turn on the switch of the current clamp and clamp the current clamp to the positive or negative power line of the battery. You need to clamp the entire positive or negative line. Pay attention to the positive and negative polarity (positive current flows from the positive electrode of the battery to the negative electrode). The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-9:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-9 Cranking Current
3.2 Sensor Tests
The sensor is an electronic signal conversion device that converts non- electrical information into voltage signals and reports various information about changes in the working environment to the car computer. For example, the air flow meter installed between the air filter and the throttle valve can measure the value of the air flow that is sucked into the engine through the throttle valve. It converts the air flow value into a voltage signal and sends it to the engine ECU (control computer). ), the control computer adjusts the corresponding fuel injection volume according to the change of air flow to achieve the goal of the best combustion ratio. Another example is a vehicle speed sensor. Its function is to convert the vehicle speed into a voltage signal and send it to the trip computer. The trip computer controls the shift timing to achieve upshift or downshift. With the continuous development of cars in the direction of intelligence and new energy, the number of sensors on the car body has shown a trend of sharp increase, and there are nearly 100 sensors on the mid-to-high-end cars of the company. The ATO series special oscilloscope can directly measure the signal waveform of the sensor. By comparing with the standard waveform during normal operation, it is easy to find whether the sensor is normal. The ATO series oscilloscope can test the following types of sensors. The purpose is to compare the real-time waveforms with the standard waveforms to help users find problems. The following are expanded and explained separately:
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3.2.1 ABS
The ABS wheel speed sensor is divided into analog and digital. The analog sensor has 2 signal terminals, the signal is a sine wave, and the frequency of the sine wave represents the speed. Digital sensors generally have 3 terminals, power, signal, and ground; the signal line needs to be tested, the signal is a square wave pulse, and the square wave frequency represents the speed. When testing, use BNC to banana cable, the BNC head is connected to the oscilloscope, and the banana head is connected to the sensor or the ECM pin to test 1/2/4 signals at the same time. Shown as Figure 3-10:
Figure 3-10 ABS Wheel Speed Sensor
3.2.2 Accelerator pedal
The accelerator pedal is the signal of the automobile accelerator. There are generally 2 groups, each pair of 3 wires, power, signal, and ground. Divided into analog/analog and analog/digital. Analog/analog signal is two analog signals, usually there are two ways, one is deviation signal: one signal is from 0.3V4.8V, which rises as the accelerator pedal is depressed, and the other is 4.8V0.3V, with Depress the accelerator pedal and descend. The other is the same direction signal, but the voltage is different, one is 0.5V2.5V, the other is 1V4.5V; (the voltage range is for reference only, the voltage range may be slightly different for different models, but the trend is the same).
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test Use ATO oscilloscope to test the accelerator pedal sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-11:
Figure 3-11 Accelerator Pedal The following picture is the actual measurement diagram of the accelerator pedal sensor of a certain model:
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3.2.3 Air Flow Meter
Air flow meters generally have vane type, hot wire type, digital type, etc.; among them: vane type and hot wire type are both analog output, and the output voltage is proportional to the air flow, generally 0.5V~4.5V, but the nonlinear ratio, It needs to be corrected in the ECM; the general output voltage is about 1V at idling speed, and the voltage rises rapidly during acceleration, reaching a voltage of 4V~4.5V. After stopping the acceleration, it will return to the idling voltage; the output shows 0V or 5V is not normal. The digital type has a digital circuit inside the sensor. The output signal is a square wave. The frequency is used to represent the air flow. A higher frequency means a higher air intake. Use a BNC to banana cable and connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope. The black plug on the other end is grounded, and the red connector is connected to the signal wire of the air flow sensor with a needle. Start the vehicle, quickly depress the accelerator pedal and release it to test, you can view the waveform. Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the throttle air flowmeter sensor (the air flowmeter is divided into three types: analog, digital, and hot wire, please test according to different types), the specific operation is shown in Figure 312:
Figure 3-12 Air flow meter
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.2.4 Camshaft
The camshaft sensor is generally used for timing, and is often tested in conjunction with the crankshaft sensor to determine the timing of the vehicle. There are one or two camshaft sensors in the common car models, and the use of four is relatively small. Common camshaft sensors are Hall type/induction type/AC excitation type; Hall sensor output is square wave, high voltage can be 5V or 12V; generally 3-wire, power, signal, ground; inductive sensor output is a sine wave signal or square wave signal, generally 2-wire; AC excitation The output of the type sensor is multiple sine waves (there is a missing piece at the end of the camshaft, so that the signal changes, and the position of the No. 1 cylinder is judged at the missing place), generally 2-wire. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector uses a needle to connect the signal line of the camshaft sensor. Shown in Figure 3-13:
Figure 3-13 Camshaft The following figure is the actual measurement diagram of the camshaft position sensor (Hall type) of a certain model:
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Figure 3-14 Camshaft position sensor (Hall type)
3.2.5 Coolant Temperature
The coolant temperature sensor is usually called a water temperature sensor. Generally, it contains a thermistor. As the temperature increases, the resistance becomes smaller, which causes the output voltage to change, and the water temperature changes slowly, so the voltage also changes slowly. Different models have different performances, and the output voltage can increase with the water temperature, it can also decrease with the water temperature.
However, there is a special sensor called the Vauxhaus sensor. The output voltage of this sensor is 3-4V when the vehicle is cold. As the vehicle starts, the temperature rises and the voltage gradually decreases. It is generally 1V during normal operation, but with As the vehicle temperature rises, when the vehicle temperature reaches 40-50 degrees, the ECM will switch the voltage to make the sensor voltage rise rapidly to 3-4V, so as to achieve more accurate voltage output at high temperatures.
Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end is grounded with the black plug, and the red connector is connected to the signal wire of the coolant sensor (the ground wire of the coolant) with a needle probe.
Use ATO oscilloscope to test the coolant temperature sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-15:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-15 Coolant Temperature
3.2.6 Crankshaft
The crankshaft sensor is installed in many places, which can be near the front pulley or on the rear flywheel. The ECM judges the precise position of the engine based on its output signal. Usually there are induction type and Hall type: the induction type output is usually a sine wave, there are missing teeth on the disk, and the sine wave will be missing in the missing teeth; this kind of sensor is generally 2-wire; the Hall type output is usually a square wave . Generally 3-wire, power, signal, and ground. Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end is grounded with the black plug, and the red connector is connected to the signal line of the camshaft sensor with a needle. Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the crankshaft position sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-16:
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Figure 3-16 Crankshaft position sensor The figure below is the actual measurement of the crankshaft position sensor (inductive) of a certain model:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.2.7 Distributor
Distributor appears on models with high-voltage cables, and distribute the generated high voltages to spark plugs in sequence. Distributors generally have Hall type and induction type. Hall type is generally 3-wire, voltage, signal, and ground. The output is square wave. Inductive type is generally 2-wire. The output is sensing signal; use BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is black The plug is grounded, and the red connector is connected to the signal line of the distributor with a needle. Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the distributor sensor (divided into two types: Hall effect and induction). The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-17:
Figure 3-17 Distributor
3.2.8 Fuel pressure
Fuel pressure signals generally appear on high-pressure fuel rails or sensors or common rail diesel vehicles, and the pressure is relatively high. Generally, the fuel pressure is proportional to the output voltage, and the voltage increases with the angle of the accelerator pedal (no-load and full- load will affect the voltage rise time). Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector uses a needle to connect the signal line of fuel pressure. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the fuel pressure sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-18:
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Figure 3-18 Fuel Pressure Sensor Test
3.2.9 Knock
The knock sensor is a passive device, generally 2-wire, signal and ground, no external power supply is required, and a signal will be generated when it is subjected to vibration. It can also be removed for testing. The signal can be generated by tapping, and the signal amplitude generally does not exceed 5V; if the sensor is removed and then reinstalled, please be careful not to cause excessive torque to avoid damage to the sensor. There may be several reasons for knocking: the ignition angle is too advanced, too much carbon deposits in the combustion chamber, the engine temperature is too high, the air-fuel ratio is too lean, the fuel is not clean enough, and the fuel octane number is too low. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector is connected to the signal line of the knock sensor with a needle. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the knock sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-19:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-19 Knock Sensor test The following picture is the actual measurement diagram of the knock sensor of a certain model:
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3.2.10 Lambda
The Lambda, or Oxygen Sensor is generally installed on the exhaust pipe, before the catalytic converter. It is a feedback sensor used to sense the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, so that the ECM can judge the combustion situation in the combustion chamber and adjust the fuel supply of the engine. There are several types of oxygen sensors: titanium oxygen, zirconium oxygen, and front & rear dual oxygen sensors; the signal switching frequency is about 1 Hz, and it can only work when the temperature is normal. The voltage is high when the mixture is thick, and the voltage is low when the mixture is thin. Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end is grounded with the black plug, and the red connector is connected to the signal line (pre-oxygen) of the oxygen sensor with a needle. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, ground the black plug on the other end, and use a needle to connect the red connector to the signal line of the oxygen sensor (rear oxygen, if there is no rear oxygen sensor, no test is required). If you want to measure current, connect the BNC end of the current clamp to channel 3 of the oscilloscope, and clamp the clamp on the heating wire. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the oxygen sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-20:
Figure 3-20 Lambda (oxygen sensor) test The following picture is the actual measurement diagram of a certain model of oxygen sensor:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-21 Lambda (Oxygen Sensor) diagram
3.2.11 MAP
The MAP, or Intake Pressure sensor is used to sense the pressure of the intake manifold and send it to the ECM to determine the fuel supply, vacuum (or light load), and ignition timing advance angle. There are two kinds of analog and digital, usually there are 3 wires, power, signal, ground, or together with other devices. For the analog signal of a gasoline engine, when the throttle is closed or the engine is turned off, the output voltage is 0, and the output is generally about 1V at idling speed (it may be slightly higher or lower). After quickly depressing the accelerator, the throttle opens and the voltage rises rapidly. Achieve above 4.5V. For the analog signal of the diesel engine, the voltage is between 1.5-2.0V at idling speed. After stepping on the accelerator, the voltage can be seen to rise, which can reach 4.0V. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the intake pressure sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-22 below:
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Figure 3-22 MAP (intake pressure sensor)
3.2.12 Road Speed
The speed sensor is generally installed on the drive output shaft of the speedometer of the gearbox or near the back of the head of the speedometer, to provide information for the ECM and monitor power. Usually is Hall type, there are 3 wires: power, signal, and ground, output square wave signal (some models will be analog, 2 wires, output inductive signal, sine wave). Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector is connected to the signal line of the vehicle speed sensor with a needle. Lift the vehicle as a whole or lift the driving wheels or connect the signal to a road test, start the vehicle, put in gear to rotate the wheels, and observe the waveform. The frequency of the square wave increases with the increase of vehicle speed. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the vehicle speed sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-23:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-23 Vehicle speed sensor test
3.2.13 Throttle Position
The throttle position sensor is installed on the drive shaft of the throttle butterfly plate to sense the opening of the throttle and provide a basis for ECM to judge the intake. There are analog output and throttle switch output. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector uses a needle to connect the signal line of the throttle position sensor or the throttle switch signal 1. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector uses a needle to connect the signal line of the throttle position sensor, or the throttle switch signal 2. (if it is a throttle switch, you need to connect this test lead). Use ATO oscilloscope to test the vehicle speed sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-24:
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Figure 3-24 Throttle Position Sensor test The following figure is the actual measurement diagram of the throttle position sensor of a certain model:
Figure 3-25 Throttle Position Sensor Diagram
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.3 Actuators 3.3.1 Carbon canister solenoid valve
The carbon canister is generally installed in the engine compartment and connected to the fuel tank through a pipe to collect the vaporized oil and gas in the fuel tank, so as to prevent the oil and gas from being discharged into the air and causing pollution. Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector is connected to the ground wire of the canister solenoid valve with a needle tip. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the vehicle speed sensor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-26:
Figure 3-26 Carbon canister solenoid valve test The following figure is the actual measurement of the Carbon canister solenoid valve of a Audi A6 model in a
certain year:
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Figure 3-27 Audi A6 Carbon canister solenoid valve signal
3.3.2 Disel Glow Plugs
When the engine or the weather is relatively cold, it will affect the combustion of diesel fuel, so the glow plug is required to heat the cylinder before starting. Diesel engine glow plugs generally have one for each cylinder, connected in series, powered by a battery, and controlled by a relay to open and close. When the ambient temperature is low or the engine temperature is relatively low, when starting the vehicle, the glow plug will be turned on first, and after the preheating light goes out, the vehicle can be started to make the engine idling. Use a current clamp, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and clamp the other end to the power cord of the glow plug. Pay attention to the direction of the current. ATO oscilloscope can be used to test the diesel engine glow plug (according to the type of glow plug, there are two types: glow plug and single glow plug). The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-28 below:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-28 Disel Glow Plugs
3.3.3 EGR Solenoid Valve
The EGR solenoid valve is an abandoned recirculation solenoid valve. After opening, a part of the exhaust gas will be sucked into the intake manifold again to reduce the combustion temperature, so as to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas and achieve the goal of environmental protection. Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end is grounded with the black plug, and the red connector is connected to the ground wire of the EGR solenoid valve with a needle. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the EGR solenoid valve, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-29:
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Figure 3-29 EGR solenoid valve test
3.3.4 Fuel Pump
The fuel in the fuel tank can be pumped and pressurized through the fuel pump, usually there are 6-8 sectors. Under the same condition of the engine, a good fuel pump has the same and uniform current change in each sector. Use a current clamp, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and clamp the other end to the power line of the fuel pump. Pay attention to the direction of the current. (You can also use the corresponding fuse, replace it with a extension cord and clamp on the cord of the current clamp). Use ATO oscilloscope to test the electronic fuel pump, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-30 below:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test Figure 3-30 Electronic fuel pump test
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3.3.5 Idle speed control valve
The idle speed control valve adjusts the throttle position or forms an air bypass around the engine according to the load conditions of the engine and the engine temperature to deliver controllable airflow to the air duct to adjust the engine idle speed. For gasoline vehicles, generally when the engine is cold started , The engine speed will rise rapidly to about 1200 rpm. When the engine reaches the normal operating temperature, the idle speed will gradually decrease, and finally stabilize at the preset value. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the idle speed control valve, the specific operation is as shown in Figure 3-31:
Figure 3-31 Idle speed control valve test
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.3.6 Injector (gasoline engine)
The fuel injector is an electromechanical device, which is supplied by a common rail fuel pipe and controlled by the ECM to start and stop time of fuel injection. Generally, it is a 2-wire device, the power supply voltage is 12V, and the ECM controls the grounding. Limited by cost, some vehicles are equipped with single-point fuel injectors. The single-point fuel injection pressure is low and the airflow from intake pipe can make a mist of fuel for better combustion. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the fuel injector, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-32:
Figure 3-32 Injector (Petrol) Test
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3.3.7 Injector (Diesel)
Most diesel engines use common rail fuel injection, fuel injection time is affected by the oil pressure. Low pressure at low speed, injection time is longer, less injection volume; High pressure at high speed, injection time is short, volume is large. There are mainly Bosch common rail injectors, Delphi injectors, CDi version 3 system injectors, piezoelectric injectors, Volkswagen Audi’s PD system, Volkswagen Audi’s piezoelectric PD, etc. on the market. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the fuel injector (diesel engine), the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-33:
Figure 3-33 injector (diesel engine) test
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.3.8 Pressure regulator
The pressure regulator is a valve controlled by a square wave duty cycle. It is installed on the high-pressure fuel pump or on the common rail pipe and controls the common rail pressure together with the flow control valve. The pressure relief valve simply controls the amount of high-pressure oil entering the oil return system, thereby increasing or decreasing the fuel pressure of the common rail pipe. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector is pierced into the end of the pressure regulator signal line with a needle probe. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the pressure regulator, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-34:
Figure 3-34 Pressure Regulator test
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3.3.9 Quantity (Flow) control valve
The flow control valve, also known as the flow regulator and the fuel inlet metering valve, is used to measure the flow of fuel from the low pressure or lift pump into the high-pressure fuel pump. The more fuel enters the piston chamber of the high-pressure fuel pump, the higher the pressure, which increases the pressure in the common rail fuel pipe; on the contrary, the lower the pressure. Generally, two wires, signal (power) and ground. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the flow control valve, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-35:
Figure 3-35 Quantity (Flow) control valve test
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.3.10 Throttle Servo Motor
Throttle servo motor are commonly used in electronically controlled engines, and throttle butterfly valves are usually used. The ECM controls the throttle servo motor according to the accelerator pedal signal to realize the throttle opening control, which is then monitored by the throttle position sensor and transmits the signal back to the ECM to achieve closed-loop control. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the throttle servo motor, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-36:
Figure 3-36 Throttle servo motor test
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3.3.11 Variable speed cooling fan
At present, most cars’ fans are variable-speed, and the speed of the fan can be adjusted according to different working conditions and temperatures. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, ground the other end of the black plug, and use a needle to pierce the red connector into the signal wire of the fan terminal; use a current clamp, connect one end to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, and clamp the other end to it Pay attention to the direction of the current on the fan’s power cord. (If you need to test the current, connect a current clamp). Use ATO oscilloscope to test the cooling fan, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-37:
Figure 3-37 Variable-speed Cooling fan test The following picture is the actual measurement diagram of the cooling fan of a certain model:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-38 Cooling fan measurement diagram
3.3.12 Variable valve timing
Variable valve timing is achieved by adjusting the phase of the engine cam so that the intake air volume changes with the change of engine speed, so as to achieve the best combustion efficiency and improve fuel economy. Use a BNC to banana cable, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector is pierced into the variable valve timing signal line with a needle tip. Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the variable valve timing (divided into single and double timing), the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-39:
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Figure 3-39 Variable valve timing test The following picture is the actual measurement diagram of the Variable valve timing of a certain model:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.4 Ignition Tests
Special Attention! During the secondary ignition test, because the test voltage is about 40K volts, the secondary ignition probe must be used for operation. It is strictly forbidden to use the ordinary probe, otherwise it is very likely to cause personal safety injury and instrument damage.
3.4.1 Primary
The ignition system of a gasoline car usually consists of a primary coil, a secondary coil and a spark plug. There are traditional ignition systems and electronic ignition systems. Currently, most car models already use electronic ignition systems. The primary circuit has developed from the basic contact type and capacitive type to the system with no distributor and one coil per cylinder that is commonly used today. Use a P130A probe, connect one end to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and connect the other end to the ground with the black clip. Use a stinger to pierce the ground wire of the primary coil and hook the probe to the metal needle of the stinger; use a current clamp to connect the other end to channel 2 of the oscilloscope. Clamp the other end on the power cord of the primary coil, pay attention to the direction of the current (if you need to test the current, connect a current clamp). Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the primary ignition coil (the voltage, current, voltage + current, signal can be tested separately to help users troubleshoot possible faults), the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-40:
Figure 3-40 Primary ignition
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The figure below is the actual measurement of the primary ignition of a certain model: Figure 3-41 Primary ignition actual test
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.4.2 Secondary
The secondary coil has more coil turns than the primary coil, and can generate a high voltage of up to 40kv, which can cause the spark plug to break down and ignite. There are several types: distributor ignition system, distributorless ignition system/invalid spark, COP independent ignition, multi-COP integrated unit ignition. Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the secondary ignition coil ( must use the secondary ignition probe) [the voltage (KV), coil output voltage, and voltage (mv) can be tested separately to help users troubleshoot possible faults]. The specific operations are as follows Figure 3-42:
Figure 3-42 Secondary ignition test
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3.4.3 Primary + Secondary
When measuring the primary and secondary waveforms at the same time, please use the P130A probe, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the black clip on the other end is grounded, pierce the needle into the ground wire of the primary coil, and the probe is hooked to the metal needle; use a suitable secondary ignition probe to connect one end to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, and test the other end according to different engine ignition types. Use ATO oscilloscope to simultaneously test the three indicators of the secondary ignition coilSynchronize voltage test of the primary and the secondary coil, Primary coil voltage and current, and the voltage of the secondary coil ( use the secondary ignition probe), the specific operation is shown in the Figure 3-43:
Figure 3-43: Primary + Scondary ignition test The following figure is the actual measurement of the primary and secondary ignition of the BMW 5 Series N20 engine:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
Figure 3-44 BMW 5 Series N20 Primary + Secondary ignition signal
3.5 Networks 3.5.1 CAN High & CAN Low
CAN bus is a communication system, which is widely used in modern vehicles. A car may have 2 to 3 CAN bus networks, both high-speed and low-speed. The general high-speed transmission rate is 500k, which is usually used for power transmission. The low-speed rate is 250k, which is usually used for meter transmission. Each CAN bus network can connect multiple types of multiple devices, replacing the traditional multi-wire harness cable, significantly reducing weight and increasing reliability. The CAN bus has 2 wires, CAN high and CAN low, and the signals are in a differential relationship. The CAN bus is divided into idle and transmission states. When idle, CAN high and CAN low are both 2.5V. When transmitting signals, the high level of CAN high is 3.5V, and the low level is 2.5V; the high level of CAN low is 2.5 V, the low level is 1.5V. Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end of the black plug is grounded, and the red connector is pierced into the CAN high wire of the plug with a needle; use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is grounded, and the red connector is pierced into the CAN low wire of the plug with a needle tip. The specific CAN high and CAN low can be found in the technical manual of the vehicle. Use ATO oscilloscope to test the CAN bus, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-45:
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Figure 3-45 CAN BUS Test The figure below is the actual measurement of the CAN bus of a certain model:
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.5.2 LIN Bus
The LIN protocol is short for Local Interconnect Network. The Lin bus communication is very common in automobiles, it is low speed, there are multiple control devices mounted on a network. It can contril non-safety- critical and low-speed devices on vehicles, such as wipers, windows, mirrors, air conditioners, electronic seats, etc. LIN is single-wired, has high level and low level when transmitting data, the high level is 12V, and the low level is 0V. The LIN bus generally has a sync header followed by data. If there is only a signal from the sync header, it means that the device has not responded. Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the LIN bus, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-46:
Figure 3-46 Lin bus test The following picture is the actual measurement of Audi A6 LIN bus in a certain year:
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Figure 3-47 Audi A6 LIN bus measurement
3.5.3 FlexRay Bus
With the increase of car transmission content, the Flexray bus with faster transmission speed has been developed, and the transmission rate can reach 10Mbps. It has the advantages of high speed, determinability, and fault tolerance. It can work with CAN, LIN and other buses.
The Flexray bus still has 2 lines and the waveform is in a differential pattern. When idle, the voltage of the two wires is 2.5V; when transmitting data, both wires will have a voltage of 1V up and down, and the voltages on the two wires are opposite.
Use the P130A probe, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is grounded with the black clip. Use a piercing needle to pierce the easy-to-test Flexray bus positive plug, and hook the probe to the metal needle of the puncture needle. Use the P130A probe, connect one end to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, and the black clip on the other end to ground. Use a needle to pierce the easy-to-test Flexray bus negative plug, and hook the probe to the metal needle of the needle.
The specific Flexray bus measurement location can be found in the vehicle’s technical manual.
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the FlexRay bus, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-48:
Figure 3-48: FlexRay bus test
3.5.4 K line
The K line is a special line for data transmission between the car control unit and the diagnostic instrument, and the transmission rate is low. In general, K-Line is very different from CAN Bus and most communication networks. For example, the CAN Bus network does not have a central or master ECM: all ECMs are equal because they can send and receive information along the network. The K line has only one line, and the information is transmitted in binary format and the pulse voltage signal is transmitted. Divided into 0 and 1, 0 is high level, 12V or above, 1 is low level, voltage is 0V.
Use the ATO oscilloscope to test the K line, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-49 below:
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Figure 3-49 K line test
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.6 Combination Tests
The electronic faults of automobiles are sometimes more complicated. We need to use an ATO oscilloscope to perform combination testing, compare several waveforms that collected, and help users judge the fault by observing and analyzing the timing relationship and quantitative relationship between the waveforms. , The ATO is a powerful tool to solve such complex problems.
3.6.1 Crankshaft + Camshaft
Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end is grounded with a black plug, and the red connector is pierced into the signal line of the crankshaft sensor with a needle; use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, and the other black end is grounded, the red connector is pierced into the signal line of the camshaft sensor with a needle probe. Use ATO oscilloscope to perform combined test on crankshaft + camshaft, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-50:
Figure 3-50 Crankshaft + Camshaft Combination Test
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3.6.2 Crankshaft + Primary ignition
Measure the crankshaft and primary ignition at the same time, you can check whether the ignition advance angle is normal, and look for the cause of misfire at high engine speed. Check whether the crankshaft signal is normal or whether the primary ignition voltage and closing time are reached. Use a P130A probe, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is grounded with a black clip. Use a needle to pierce the signal line at the end of the injector plug, and hook the probe to the metal needle of the needle; Use a P130A probe, connect one end to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, and the black clip on the other end to ground. Use a needle to pierce the ground wire of the primary coil, and hook the probe to the metal needle of the needle; Use ATO oscilloscope to perform combined test on crankshaft + primary ignition, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-51:
Figure 3-51 Crankshaft + Primary ignition test
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.6.3 Primary ignition + Injector voltage
If there is a problem with the startup or it is suddenly off, it may be necessary to test the primary ignition and the fuel injector at the same time. If the primary ignition fails, no fuel injector signal will be generated. Use a P130A probe, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is grounded with a black clip. Use a needle to pierce the signal line at the end of the injector plug, and hook the probe to the metal needle of the needle; Use the P130A probe, one end is connected to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is grounded with the black clip. Use a puncture needle to pierce the ground wire of the primary coil, and hook the probe to the metal needle of the puncture needle. Use the ATO oscilloscope to perform a combined test on the primary ignition + injector voltage, the specific operation is shown in Figure 3-52:
Figure 3-52 Primary ignition + Injector voltage
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3.6.4 Crankshaft + Camshaft + Injector + Secondary Ignition
Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 1 of the oscilloscope, the other end is grounded with a black plug, and the red connector is pierced into the signal line of the crankshaft sensor with a needle; Use a BNC to banana cable, one end is connected to channel 2 of the oscilloscope, the other end is grounded with a black plug, and the red connector is pierced into the signal line of the camshaft sensor with a needle; Use a P130A probe, one end is connected to channel 3 of the oscilloscope, and the other end is grounded with a black clip. Use a needle to pierce the signal line at the end of the injector plug, and hook the probe to the metal needle of the needle; Use a suitable secondary ignition probe, connect one end to channel 4 of the oscilloscope, and connect the other end to the secondary ignition part of the vehicle. Turn on the key, start the vehicle, and check the waveform. ATO oscilloscope can be used to perform combined test on crankshaft + camshaft + fuel injector + secondary ignition. The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-53.
Figure 3-53 Combination test of Crankshaft + Camshaft + Injector + Secondary ignition
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.7 Pressure Test
When the engine is started, the gas and liquid in the intake manifold, exhaust tail pipe, cylinder, and crankcase will generate pressure. The pressure can be converted into a voltage signal by the pressure probe. Therefore, the ATO oscilloscope can be tested by the pressure probe. The pressure values are all within a certain range when working normally. When the values are abnormal, it can help users to troubleshoot.
3.7.1 Intake Manifold
Use ATO oscilloscope to test the pressure and voltage of the intake manifold under the five operating conditions of the engine, show as below Figure 3-54:
Figure 3-54 Intake Manifold test
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3.7.2 Exhaust Tailpipe
Use ATO oscilloscope to test the exhaust tailpipe pressure and voltage under the two operating conditions of the engine, show as below Figure 3-55:
Figure 3-55 Exhaust Tailpipe Test
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.7.3 In-Cylinder
Use ATO oscilloscope to test the pressure of the cylinder of the engine under 3 working conditions, show as below Figure 3-56:
Figure 3-56 In-Cylinder Test The figure below is the actual cylinder pressure of Mazda 6 in a certain year:
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Figure 3-57 Mazda 6 Cylinder internal pressure measurement
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Chapter 3 Automotive Test
3.7.4 In-Crankcase
Use ATO oscilloscope to test the pressure and voltage of the crankcase under two working conditions. The specific operation is shown in Figure 3-58:
Figure 3-58 Crankcase Pressure and Voltage test
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Chapter 4 Horizontal System
This chapter contains detailed information on the oscilloscope horizontal system. It is recommended that you read this chapter carefully in order to understand the setting function and operation of the horizontal system of the ATO oscilloscope. Move the waveform horizontally Adjust the horizontal time base (time/div) Pan and zoom single or stopped acquisitions Roll, XY Zoom mode
Figure 4-1 Horizontal system
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Chapter 4 Horizontal System

4.1 Moving the waveform horizontally
Put one finger on the waveform display area to swipe left and right, for the coarse adjustment of the waveform position horizontally of all analog channels; after moving the waveform, tap the fine adjustment button in the lower left corner of the screen for fine adjustment.

After moving the channel left and right, tap the

key and select “time base” to quickly move the trigger

position of the current channel to the center position in the horizontal direction.

Figure 4-2 Move the Waveform Horizontally on the Screen
4.2 Adjust the Horizontal Time Base (time/div)
Method 1: Soft Keys

Tap

,

buttons to adjust the horizontal time base of all analog channels (current channels). Tap

button to increase the horizontal time base; tap

button to zoom out the horizontal time base (see Figure 4-3

Adjust the Horizontal Time Base). The horizontal time base is stepped in 1-2-5, while the waveform changes as the

time base changes.

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Method 2: Time Base Knob

Figure 4-3 Adjust the Horizontal Time Base

Tap

to turn on the time base knob (see Figure 4-4 horizontal time base knob), and then turn the knob to adjust

the appropriate time base. The time base shown on the left is the currently selected time base.

Figure 4-4 Horizontal Time Base Knob
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Chapter 4 Horizontal System
Method 3: Double-tap Double tap on the screen with one finger to enlarge the waveform horizontally with the double-tap point as the center. Each time you double-tap, the horizontal time base decreases by one gear.
4.3 Pan and Zoom Single or Stopped Acquisitions
After the oscilloscope is stopped, the stopped display screen may contain several acquired data with useful information, but only the data in the last acquisition can be horizontally moved and zoomed. The data of the single acquisition or stopped acquisition is moved horizontally and zoomed. For details, refer to “4.1 Move the Waveform Horizontally” and “5.2 Adjust the Horizontal Time Base (time/div)”.
4.4 Roll, XY

In the main menu, tap the soft key into YT, ROLL, and XY.

, then select the desired time base mode. The time base mode is divided

Figure 4-5 Display Mode YT—-Normal View Mode of Oscilloscope In YT mode, the relative relationship between vertical voltage and horizontal time is displayed. Y axis represents the voltage, X axis represents the time, and the waveform is displayed after triggering (waveform displayed from left to right). Note: When the time base is large (such as 200ms and above), sometimes the waveform will not be displayed for a long time; this is because in YT mode, the waveform must be triggered before display. It is closely related to the time base and can be roughly calculated as: the number of divisions on the left side of the trigger position * time base level position; if you want to reduce the waiting time, move the trigger position to the left. The case that trigger position is moved out of the waveform screen is not considered here. ROLL—- ROLL Mode In ROLL mode, the waveform rolls from right to left to refresh the display (see Figure 4-6 ROLL Mode). The horizontal time base adjustment range of the ROLL mode in the running state is 200ms/div~1ks/div. In ROLL mode, trigger related information is invalid, including trigger position, trigger level, trigger voltage, etc.
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Figure 4-6 ROLL Mode

In ROLL mode, press

to stop waveform display; press

again to clear waveform display and

restart acquisition; press screen acquisition.

to execute single sequence, it will stop automatically after completing a full

ROLL mode is generally used to observe waveforms with frequencies below 5 Hz.

ROLL mode is defaulted as open. When the time base is greater than 100ms, it automatically enters the ROLL mode. If the signal to be triggered under a large time base needs to be viewed, turn off the ROLL mode.

Roll mode on and off: In the main menu, tap the soft key

. In the “General” option, you can turn the roll

mode on and off (refer to Figure 4-7). When the roll mode is on and the time base is within 200ms~1ks, the oscilloscope automatically enters the roll mode.

Figure 4-7 Roll Mode On/Off
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Chapter 4 Horizontal System
XY—-XY Mode The vertical amount of CH1 is displayed on the horizontal axis in XY mode, and the vertical amount of CH2 is displayed on the vertical axis (see Figure 4-8 XY Mode). You can use XY mode to compare the frequency and phase relationship of two signals. XY mode can be used for sensors to display stress-displacement, flow-pressure, voltage-frequency or voltagecurrent, for example: plotting a diode curve. You can also use the cursor to measure the waveform in XY mode.

Figure 4-8 XY Mode

XY Mode Example

This exercise shows the usual practice of XY display mode by measuring the phase difference between two signals of the same frequency using the Lissajous method.

1. Connect sine wave signals to CH1 and connect sine wave signals of the same frequency and different phases to CH2.

2. Press “Auto” set button, tap “Display” in the main menu, then select “XY” in “Time Base”.

3. Drag signals so that they are centered on the display screen. Adjust the vertical sensitivity of CH1 and CH2, and extend signals for viewing.

The phase difference () can be calculated using the following formula (assuming that the amplitudes of the

two channels are the same):

sin

=

A B

or

C D

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Figure 4-9 XY Time Base Mode Signal, Center on the Display Screen 4) Tap the “Cursor” button to open the horizontal cursor. 5) Set the cursor y2 at the top of the signal and the cursor y1 at the bottom of the signal. Record the y value in
the upper right corner of the screen. 6) Move y1 and y2 cursors to the intersection point of the signal and the y-axis. Record the y value again.
Figure 4-10 Phase Difference Measurement and Using the Cursor 7) The following formula is used to calculate the phase difference.
For example, if the first y value is 9.97V, the second y value is 5.72V:
4.5 Zoom Mode
Zoom is a horizontally expanded version of the normal display. Open the zoom function, the display is divided into two parts (see Figure 4-11 Zoom Interface). The upper part of the display screen shows the normal display window view and the lower part shows the zoomed display window.
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Chapter 4 Horizontal System

Figure 4-11 Zoom Interface Zoom window view is the enlarged portion of the normal display window. You can use “Zoom” to view a portion of the normal window that is horizontally expanded to learn more about signal analysis. Zoom on/off:

1. Open the pull-up menu and tap

button to turn the zoom function on/off.

2. Put three fingers on the touch screen at the same time, slide down to open zoom mode; slide up to turn off zoom mode. Figure 4-12 shows the operation:

85

Figure 4-12 Open Zoom Function by Three Fingers Sliding Down Zoom window is framed in a box on the normal window, and the other portion is covered by gray shade not displayed in the zoom window. This box shows the normal scan portion that was zoomed in the lower bottom. Tap the time base button to adjust the time base of the zoom window. The size of the box in the normal window changes according to the time base of the zoom window. Drag the waveform of the zoom window horizontally to adjust the waveform position. The box in the main window moves oppositely against the waveform; or directly drag the box in the normal window to quickly locate the waveform to be viewed. Note: 1) The minimum time base is displayed in the normal window when the waveform in the screen is exactly
within the memory depth. If the current time base is smaller than the minimum time base in the normal window at the current memory depth, when the zoom window is opened, the time base in the normal window is automatically set to the minimum time base in the normal window at the current memory depth. 2) The cursor, math waveform, and reference waveform are not displayed in the normal window, but can be displayed in the Zoom window. 3) If Roll mode is stopped, Zoom mode can be turned on, and tap “Run/Stop” to automatically turn off Zoom mode. 4) When high refresh is turned on and stopped, it is forbidden to enter zoom mode.
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Chapter 5 Vertical System
Chapter 5 Vertical System
This chapter contains detailed information about the vertical system of the oscilloscope. It is recommended that you read this chapter carefully in order to understand the setting function and operation of the vertical system of the ATO oscilloscope. Open/close channel (analog channel, math function), set the current channel Adjust vertical sensitivity Adjust vertical position Open channel menu Measured signal Set bandwidth filter Waveform invert Set probe type Set probe attenuation coefficient The figure below shows the “CH1 Channel Menu” displayed after opening the CH1 channel menu.

Figure 5-1 Channel Menu Display Interface The ground level of each displayed analog channel signal is indicated by the channel indicator icon left of the display screen.

on the far

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5.1 Open/Close Waveform (Channel, Math, Reference Waveforms)

The channel icons

,

,

,

,

on the right side of the oscilloscope

waveform display area (tap

to switch to math channel and reference channel) correspond to the six channels

of CH1, CH2, CH3, CH4, math function and reference channel. Click these six soft keys can cyclically realize the

functions: open the channel, open the channel menu, and close the channel.

Current channel: The oscilloscope can display multiple waveforms at the same time, but only one waveform is preferentially displayed on the uppermost layer, and the channel that is preferentially displayed on the uppermost layer is called the current channel. The channel indicator for the current channel is solid, and the channel indicator for the non-current channel is hollow, as shown in Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-2 Current Channel and Non-Current Channel The display content of the oscilloscope channel display interface includes the sampling mode, vertical scale, vertical scale sensitivity button, probe ratio, bandwidth limitation, etc. of the channel, as shown in Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-3 Channel Display Interface When CH1 is on, but the state is not the current channel, tap CH1 waveform or vertical sensitivity or channel indicator or vertical sensitivity button or current channel selection button to set CH1 as the current channel, as shown in Figure 5-4.
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Chapter 5 Vertical System
Figure 5-4 Channel Open, Close and Switching
Figure 5-5 Using the Current Channel Selection Button Tap the current channel icon at the bottom of the screen to pop up the current channel switching menu and press the button to light it up, as shown in Figure 4-5. Tap the button in the menu to switch the current channel. When this function is opened: a. the current channel may be switched in the channel switching menu; b. the current channel menu can be moved anywhere on the screen; c. only the open channel is displayed in the channel switching menu; d. when the math or reference waveform is opened, the current channel switching menu is automatically opened.
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5.2 Adjust Vertical Sensitivity

Tap the vertical sensitivity

or

buttons on the right side of the channel icon to adjust the vertical display

of the waveform corresponding to the channel, so that the waveform is displayed on the screen at an appropriate

size.

The vertical sensitivity scale (V/div) after each adjustment is displayed on the channel icon. For example, means that the current vertical sensitivity of CH1 is 1.0V/div. The vertical sensitivity coefficient adjusts the vertical sensitivity of the analog channel in steps of 1-2-5 (the probe attenuation coefficient is 1X), and the vertical sensitivity range of 1:1 probe is 1mV /div-10V/div (optionally minimum at 500uV/div).
5.3 Adjust Vertical Position
The method of adjusting vertical position is as follows: 1) Rough adjustment: In the waveform display area, hold the waveform and put one finger to slide up and down
for changing the vertical position of the waveform. 2) Fine adjustment: After the waveform moves vertically, click the fine adjustment button in the lower left corner
of the screen to fine adjust the vertical position of the waveform for the current channel.

3. After moving the channel up and down, tap

, select the channel to be adjusted in the “vertical gear”

item, and the grounding level of the channel can be moved to the center in the vertical direction of the screen.

Figure 5-6 vertical position adjustment of waveform
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Chapter 5 Vertical System
5.4 Open Channel Menu
Tap the channel icon (channel is open) to open the channel menu. The channel menu is shown in Figure 5-7. Channel waveform inversion, channel bandwidth limit, probe type, probe attenuation factor, channel coupling mode, and sampling mode can be set in the vertical menu.
Figure 5-7 Channel Switching Icon and Menu
5.4.1 Measured Signal
Tap the icon on the right side of “Measured signal” to select two channel coupling modes, “DC” and “AC”. DC: DC coupling. Both the DC component and the AC component of the measured signal can pass, and can be used to view waveforms as low as 0 Hz without large DC offset. AC: AC coupling. Measured DC signal is blocked, and only the AC component can be allowed to pass, and used to view waveforms with large DC offsets. The oscilloscope is connected to the square wave signal with a frequency of 1KHz, an amplitude of 2V and an offset of 1V. The waveforms of the channel couplings of DC, AC are shown in Figure 5-8, 5-9.
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Figure 5-8 DC Coupling
Figure 5-9 AC Coupling
Note: This setting is only valid for the current channel. To switch the current channel, just tap the channel icon, channel indicator icon or the horizontal position pointed to by the channel indicator icon to switch directly, without exiting the menu.
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Chapter 5 Vertical System
5.4.2 Filter
Open the channel menu, find the “bandwidth” selection box in the channel menu, and set the bandwidth limit, highpass filter and low-pass filter as needed. 100M: Allow signals of all frequencies to pass. Low Pass: Only allow signals that are lower than the upper limit of the current set frequency to pass. The frequency range that can be set for the low-pass filter is 30kHz-100MHz. The difference in bandwidth limitation can be visually expressed through the waveform. The 100M bandwidth is shown in Figure 5-10, and the low-pass bandwidth is shown in Figure 5-11.
Figure 5-10 Full 100MHz filter
Figure 5-11 Low-pass filter 93

5.4.3 Waveform Invert
After selecting “Invert”, the voltage value of the displayed waveform is inverted. Inversion affects the way the channel is displayed. When using a basic trigger, you need to adjust the trigger level to keep the waveform stable.
Figure 5-12 Before Invert
Figure 5-13 After Invert
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Chapter 5 Vertical System

5.4.4 Set Probe Type
Probe types are divided into Voltage, Current and Pressure. Probe type adjustment steps:

Open channel menu and find the probe type “probe type”

,

,

, then select:

Figure 5-14 Voltage Probe Figure 5-15 Current Probe

Figure 5-16 Pressure Probe
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5.4.5 Set Probe Attenuation Coefficient

When measuring with a probe, the correct measurement result can only be obtained by setting the correct probe attenuation ratio. In order to match the actual probe attenuation ratio, it is necessary to adjust the channel attenuation factor correspondingly under the channel menu. When probe attenuation ratio is changed, the corresponding attenuation ratio must be set on the channel menu to ensure the correctness of the waveform amplitude and measurement result displayed by the oscilloscope.

Probe attenuation ratio and menu attenuation ratio are shown in the table below:

Probe attenuation Menu attenuation

ratio

ratio

0.001:1

1mx

0.002:1

2mx

0.005:1

5mx

0.01:1

10mx

0.02:1

20mx

0.05:1

50mx

0.1:1

100mx

0.2:1

200mx

0.5:1

500mx

1:1

1x

2:1

2x

5:1

5x

10:1

10x

20:1

20x

50:1

50x

100:1

100x

200:1

200x

500:1

500x

1000:1

1kx

2000:1

2kx

5000:1

5kx

10000:1

10kx

Table 5-17 Probe Attenuation Ratio Correspondence Table

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Chapter 6 Trigger System
Chapter 6 Trigger System
This chapter contains detailed information on the oscilloscope trigger system. It is recommended that you read this chapter carefully in order to understand the setting function and operation of the trigger system of the ATO oscilloscope. Trigger and trigger adjustment Edge trigger Pulse width trigger Logic trigger Nth edge trigger Runt trigger Slope trigger Time out trigger Video trigger Serial bus trigger
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6.1 Trigger and Trigger Adjustment
What is Trigger? The oscilloscope can capture a waveform only when it meets a preset condition first. This action of capturing the waveform according to the condition is Trigger. The so-called capture waveform is that the oscilloscope grabs a signal and displays it. If it is not triggered, there is no waveform display. What can Trigger be used for? (1) The oscilloscope can stably display a periodic signal.
Figure 6-1 Stably display the periodic signals
Figure 6-2 Non-Stably Displayed Periodic Signal
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Chapter 6 Trigger System (2) Grab the segment you want to observe from a fast and complex signal
Figure 6-3 Abnormal Signal in Periodic Signals
Figure 6-4 Abnormal Signal Captured by Setting Trigger Level What is Forced Trigger? When the oscilloscope does not meet the trigger condition, the artificial or automatic oscilloscope trigger is the forced trigger. It means that the oscilloscope only grabs a signal segment for display regardless of whether the condition is met or not. Automatic forced trigger is set in the menu. In the trigger settings, there is usually a trigger mode option, which can be set as “Normal” or “Auto”. Normal trigger means trigger after meeting the set condition. Automatic trigger is a kind of forced trigger. The oscilloscope will be force triggered if it does not trigger for a certain period of time.
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Figure 6-5 Oscilloscope Trigger Mode Setting
If a signal feature is not understood, the oscilloscope should be set as “Auto” mode, which can ensure that the oscilloscope can also display the waveform when other trigger settings are not correct. Although the waveform is not necessarily stable, it can provide the intuitive judgment for our further adjustment of the oscilloscope. The signal in Figure 6-5 is the result of forced trigger in “Auto” mode.
When we set a specific trigger condition for a specific signal, especially when the time interval for satisfying the trigger condition is long, we need to set the trigger mode to “Normal” so as to prevent the oscilloscope from automatic forced trigger.
Figure 6-6 shows a conceptual demonstration of the acquisition memory. In order to understand the trigger event, the acquisition memory can be divided into pre-trigger and post-trigger buffers. The position of the trigger event in the acquisition memory is defined by the time reference point and trigger position (horizontal delay) settings.

Trigger Event

Pre-trigger Buffer

Post-trigger Buffer

Acquisition Memory
Figure 6-6 Conceptual Demonstration of Acquisition Memory All events displayed to the left of the trigger point occur before trigger. These events are called pre-trigger messages that show events before the trigger point. All events to the right of the trigger point is called post-trigger messages. The number of delay ranges available (pre-trigger and post-trigger messages) depends on the selected time base and memory depth.

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Chapter 6 Trigger System
Adjust trigger position (horizontal delay) Fingers swipe left and right in the waveform display area, the trigger point will move horizontally, the horizontal delay time changes, and the delay time is displayed at the top center of the screen, that is, the distance between the trigger point and the center line of the waveform display area is displayed.
Horizontal Delay
Trigger Center Position

Figure 6-7 Horizontal Delay

When the trigger point is located on the left side to the center line of the waveform display area, the delay time is displayed as a positive value; When the trigger point is located on the right side to the time reference point , and the delay time is displayed as a negative value; the trigger point overlaps with the center line of the waveform display area, and the delay time is zero.

Trigger level

Trigger level is the signal voltage corresponding to the set trigger point. When the trigger level is changed, a

horizontal line will appear temporarily on the screen to tell you the level position (the specific value of the trigger

level is displayed in the upper right corner of the screen), then the horizontal line disappears, the trigger level is

indicated by a small arrow

and the indication icon can be dragged to adjust the trigger level value. The

trigger level is shown in Figure 6-8 (the arrow indicates the trigger level line).

Figure 6-8 Trigger Level
101

Adjust trigger level The trigger level can be coarsely adjusted and finely adjusted. Coarse adjustment: Slide up and down in the trigger level adjustment area. Fine adjustment: After moving the trigger level, tap the fine adjustment button in the lower left corner of the screen for fine adjustment of the trigger level. Note: Fine adjustment requires activation of the trigger level control function.

In addition, if the final operation of the oscilloscope is to adjust the trigger level, tap

and select the “level”

item to adjust the trigger level to 50% of the waveform amplitude of the trigger source channel.

Set trigger hold-off time

The trigger hold-off time can set up the waiting time of the oscilloscope after the trigger and before the trigger circuit is reconnected. During hold- off, the oscilloscope does not re-trigger until the end of the hold-off time, and the hold-off time can be used to stably trigger complex waveforms. The trigger hold-off time ranges from 200ns~10s.

The hold-off may be used to trigger on repetitive waveforms with multiple edges (or other events) between waveform repetitions. If the shortest time between triggers is known, the hold-off may also be used to trigger on the first edge.

For example, to obtain stable trigger on the repetitive pulse trigger shown below, set the hold-off time to a value of >200ns but <600ns.

Hold-off Time

Oscilloscope Trigger Position

Figure 6-9 Trigger hold-off Time Set trigger hold-off time:

1. Tap “Trigger” on the main menu to open the trigger menu. Under “Common”, tap the box after “hold-off Time” to open the hold-offtime adjustment interface. The trigger time is displayed on the upper left, the fine adjustment time scale is displayed on the upper right, and the coarse time scale is displayed below, as shown in Figure 6-10.

Figure 6-10 Trigger Hold-off Time Setting 2) When adjusting the time, drag or tap the coarse adjustment scale for coarse adjustment, and then drag the fine
adjustment scale for fine adjustment of the hold-offtime.
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Chapter 6 Trigger System
Trigger hold-offoperation prompt It is typically used for complex waveforms. The correct hold-offsetting is usually slightly smaller than one repetition of the waveform. Setting the hold-offtime to this time can become the only trigger point for the repetitive waveform. Changing the time base setting will not affect the trigger hold-offtime. Using Zoom function, you can tap “Run/Stop” to stop, then horizontally move and zoom the data to find the position where the waveform is repeated. Use the cursor to measure this time and then set the hold-offtime. Use “SingleSEQ” button for single acquisition Usually when performing a single acquisition, you must initiate some operations on the measured equipment, and the oscilloscope is not desired to trigger automatically before these operations. The trigger condition indicator is displayed in the upper left corner of the screen before starting operations in the circuit (this means the pre-trigger buffer is filled).
6.2 Edge Trigger
When the edge of trigger signal reaches a certain trigger level, the set signal is triggered and generated. Trigger occurs on either edge of the rising edge (indicating icon at the top of the screen), falling edge ( ) or dual edge ( ), and the trigger level can be set to change the vertical position of the trigger point on the trigger edge, namely the intersection point of the trigger level line and the signal edge. The stable waveform can be obtained by correctly setting the edge trigger coupling mode. Edge trigger menu is shown in the table below:

Trigger Option Trigger Source
Slope
Coupling

Setting

Description

CH1

Set CH1 as trigger signal source

CH2

Set CH2 as trigger signal source

CH3

Set CH3 as trigger signal source

CH4

Set CH4 as trigger signal source

Rising edge Set signal trigger on the rising edge

Falling edge Set signal trigger on the falling edge

Dual edge Set signal trigger on either rising edge or falling edge

DC

AC and DC components getting through trigger signals

AC

Filter out the DC component of trigger signals

HF rejection Suppress signals above 50KHz in trigger signals

LF rejection Suppresses signals below 50KHz in trigger signals

Noise rejection Low-sensitivity DC coupling to suppress high-frequency noise in trigger signals

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Set CH1 rising edge trigger and coupling as DC with operation steps as follows: 1) Tap “Trigger” on the main menu to open the trigger menu, select edge trigger in the trigger type, and set edge
trigger as follows, as shown in Figure 6-11: Trigger source: CH1; Trigger coupling mode: DC; Trigger edge: rising.
Figure 6-11 Edge Trigger Setting Menu 2) Adjust the trigger level to ensure that the waveform can be triggered stably, for example, the trigger level is
set to 1V. Trigger coupling description When the edge trigger setup menu is opened, the trigger coupling option is displayed below the menu. Trigger coupling includes DC, AC, HFRej., LFRej., NoiseRej, see Figure 6-12:
Figure 6-12 Trigger Coupling Menu 1) DC coupling – allows DC and AC signals to enter the trigger path. 2) AC coupling – removes any DC offset voltage from the trigger waveform.
When the waveform has a large DC offset, stable edge triggering can be achieved using AC coupling. 3) HFRej. (High Frequency Hold-off Coupling) – removes high frequency components from the trigger waveform,
using high frequency hold-offto remove high frequency noises or noises from fast system clocks, from trigger paths such as AM or FM radio stations. 4) LFRej. (Low Frequency Hold-off Coupling) – removes any unnecessary low frequency components from the trigger waveform, for example, power line frequencies that can interfere with correct trigger. When there is low frequency noise in the waveform, stable edge triggering can be obtained using LF holdoffcoupling. 5) NoiseRej. (Noise Hold-off Coupling) – Noise hold-offcan add extra hysteresis to the trigger circuit. By increasing the trigger hysteresis band, the possibility of noise triggering can be reduced. But it also reduces the trigger sensitivity, so triggering the oscilloscope requires a slightly larger signal.
Note: Trigger coupling has nothing to do with channel coupling
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Chapter 6 Trigger System

6.3 Pulse Width Trigger

The trigger happens when the trigger signal pulse width (8ns~10s, the trigger type indication icon at the top of the

screen is

) reaches the set condition and the signal voltage reaches the set trigger level. Pulse width trigger

menu is shown in the following table:

Trigger Option

Setting

Description

CH1 Set CH1 as trigger signal source

CH2 Set CH2 as trigger signal source Trigger Source
CH3 Set CH3 as trigger signal source

CH4 Set CH4 as trigger signal source

Polarity
Trigger Condition

Positive Negative
T T T

Trigger on setting the positive pulse width of signals Trigger on setting the negative pulse width of signals
Trigger when the signal pulse width is smaller than pulse width T Trigger when the signal pulse width is greater than pulse width T Trigger when the signal pulse width is equal to pulse width T

T

Trigger when the signal pulse width is not equal to pulse width T

Trigger Pulse Width

8ns~10s Set the trigger pulse width

Note: The error of greater than, less than, equal to or not equal to the conditions is 6%.

Trigger steps of positive polarity pulse width: (CH1 as example)

1. Tap “Trigger” on the main menu to open the trigger menu, select the pulse width trigger in the trigger type, and set the pulse width trigger as follows, as shown in Figure 5-13: Trigger source: CH1; Trigger pulse polarity: positive; Trigger level: 1V Trigger condition and pulse width time: “greater than”, the adjustment time is 180us.

105

Figure 6-13 Pulse Width Trigger Setting Menu Pulse width trigger setting description: 1) Pulse polarity selection
The selected pulse polarity icon is displayed in the upper right corner of the display screen. The positive pulse

is higher than current trigger level (CH1 positive pulse indication icon

), and the negative pulse

is lower than current trigger level (CH1 negative pulse indication icon

). When triggered on

positive polarity pulse, if the restrictions are true, the trigger will happen on the high-to-low transition of the pulse; when triggered on negative polarity pulse, if the restrictions are true, the trigger will happen on the lowto-high transition. (Figure 6-14 Negative Pulse Level Flip)

Figure 6-14 Negative Polarity Pulse Level Flip
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Chapter 6 Trigger System 2) Trigger condition and pulse width time setting
Time restrictions that can set in the trigger condition: <, >, , . Smaller than the time value (<)
For example, for positive pulse, if it is set as T<80ns, the trigger will happen stably only when the pulse width is smaller than 80ns (Figure 6-15 Trigger Time T<80ns).
Trigger
Figure 6-15 Trigger Time T<80ns Greater than the time value (>)
For example, for positive pulse, if it is set as T>80ns, the trigger will happen stably only when the pulse width is greater than 80ns (Figure 6-16 Trigger Time T>80ns).
Trigger
Figure 6-16 Trigger Time T>80ns Equal to the time value (=)
For example, for positive pulse, if it is set as T=80ns, the trigger will happen stably only when the pulse width is equal to 80ns (Figure 6-17 Trigger Time T=80ns).
Trigger
Figure 6-17 Trigger Time T=80ns Not equal to the time value ()
For example, for positive pulse, if it is set as T80ns, the trigger will happen stably only when the pulse width is not equal to 80ns (Figure 6-18 Trigger Time T80ns).
107

Trigger

Figure 6-18 Trigger Time T80ns

The trigger pulse width time can be set as 8ns~10s.

Tap the pulse width time setting box

to pop up the time adjustment interface (as shown in Figure

6-19), and adjust the pulse width time. Adjust the pulse width time by adjusting or dragging the time scale.

Figure 6-19 Pulse Width Time Adjustment Interface

6.4 Logic Trigger

Trigger happens when the level between analog channels satisfies a certain logical operation (AND, OR, NAND, NOR) and the signal voltage reaches the set trigger level and the trigger logic width (8ns~10s). Logic trigger menu descriptions are shown in the table below:

Trigger Option
Trigger Source

Setting

High

CH1

Low

None

High

CH2

Low

None

High

CH3

Low

None

High

CH4

Low

None

Description
Set CH1 as high Set CH1 as low Set CH1 as none Set CH2 as high Set CH2 as low Set CH2 as none Set CH3 as high Set CH3 as low Set CH3 as none Set CH4 as high Set CH4 as low Set CH4 as none

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Chapter 6 Trigger System

AND

Select the logic of trigger source as “AND”

Trigger Logic

OR NAND

Select the logic of trigger source as “OR” Select the logic of trigger source as “NAND”

NOR

Select the logic of trigger source as “NOR”

Change to true value Trigger when the logic changes to true value

Trigger Condition

Change to false value <, >, =, , T

Trigger when the logic changes to false value If logic status for hold time as <, >, =, T, then trigger

Logic Time

8ns~10ns

Set trigger logic time

Notes: The error of greater than, less than, equal to or not equal to the conditions is 6%.

Logic trigger operation steps between channels:

1. Tap “Trigger” on the main menu to open the trigger menu, select logic trigger in the trigger type, and set the logic trigger as follows, as shown in Figure 6-20: Logic levels: CH1, CH3: High; CH2, CH4: Low; (without reference to the channel of logic operation, the level selection is None to avoid interference to the logic operation); Logic gate: AND; Condition: <; Logic time: 400ns.

Figure 6-20 Logic Trigger Setting Menu
Logic trigger setting description: Logic level setting After trigger source, select High, Low and None for the channel. The corresponding trigger level value is displayed in the upper right corner of the display screen.

High: means a value higher than the current trigger level, and the icon indication is ”

“.

Low: means a value lower than the current trigger level, and the icon indication is ”

“.

None: This channel is invalid.

109

Switch the trigger level channel: Tap the trigger level value shown in the upper right corner. Logic conditions 1) True: Trigger when the logic changes to true value 2) False: Trigger when the logic changes to false value

Figure 6-21 Logic Trigger Trigger pulse width time can be set as 8ns~10s.

Tap the time setting box (

) to pop up the time adjustment interface and adjust the logic time. Please

refer to the Pulse Width Adjustment section for details.

6.5 Nth Edge Trigger

When the trigger signal is triggered on the Nth edge after the specified idle time, it is Nth edge trigger. Menu descriptions of the Nth edge trigger are shown in the table below:

Trigger Option
Trigger Source
Time Edge

Setting

Description

CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 8ns~10s Rising edge

Set CH1 as trigger signal source Set CH2 as trigger signal source Set CH3 as trigger signal source Set CH4 as trigger signal source Idle time Set signal trigger on the rising edge

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Chapter 6 Trigger System

Trigger Option

Setting

Description

Falling edge Set signal trigger on the falling edge

Nth Edge

1~65535 Set trigger on Nth edge after idle time

Set CH1 to trigger on the 5th rising edge after 500us. The steps are as follows:

1. Tap “Trigger” on the main menu to open the trigger menu, select Nth edge trigger in the trigger type, and set the Nth edge trigger as follows, as shown in Figure 6-22:

Trigger source: CH1;

Time: 10ms;

Edge signal: rising;

Nth edge: 3

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Figure 6-22 Nth Edge Trigger Menu 2) Adjust the trigger level to ensure that the waveform can be triggered stably, for example the trigger level is
set to -3.2V.
6.6 Runt Trigger
By setting the high and low thresholds, trigger on a pulse that cross one threshold but fail to cross a second threshold. There are two types available: positive short pulse and negative short pulse.
Positive Short Pulse
Up Level

Low Level

Negative Short Pulse

Figure 6-23 Runt Trigger Runt trigger menu descriptions are shown in the table below:

Trigger Option Trigger Source
Polarity
Trigger Condition
Trigger Pulse Width

Setting
CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 Positive Negative Any T

Description
Set CH1 as trigger signal source Set CH2 as trigger signal source Set CH3 as trigger signal source Set CH4 as trigger signal source Set signal to trigger on positive runt pulse Set signal to trigger on negative runt pulse Set signal to trigger on either positive or negative runt pulse Trigger when the signal pulse width is smaller than pulse width T Trigger when the signal pulse width is greater than pulse width T Trigger when the signal pulse width is greater than lower limit T1 and smaller than upper limit T2 No trigger restrictions for runt pulse trigger
Set the trigger pulse width

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Chapter 6 Trigger System

Figure 6-24 Runt Trigger Setting Menu
6.7 Slope Trigger
Slope Trigger means trigger when the waveform reaches a set time condition from one level to another. Positive slope time: Time takes for the waveform to go from low to high. Negative slope time: Time takes for the waveform to go from high to low. As shown in Figure 6-25
High Level Low Level

Positive Slope Time Negative Slope Time
Figure 6-25 Positive/Negative Slope Time When the trigger signal slope has the hold time (8ns~10s), the trigger type on the top of the screen is only the icon

, and trigger happens when the set condition is reached. Slope trigger is suitable for observing sawtooth or triangular waves. The slope trigger menu descriptions are shown in the table below:

Trigger Option
Trigger Source

Setting

Description

CH1 Set CH1 as trigger signal source CH2 Set CH2 as trigger signal source

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Trigger Option

Setting

Description

CH3 Set CH3 as trigger signal source

CH4 Set CH4 as trigger signal source

Rising Set trigger on positive signal slope

Edge

Falling Set trigger on negative signal slope

Any Set trigger on detecting a signal slope change

<T Trigger when the signal slope hold time is smaller than T

Trigger Condition

T Trigger when the signal slope hold time is greater than T Trigger when the signal slope hold time is smaller than upper

<>T limit T1 and greater than lower limit T2

Time

8ns~10s Set the trigger signal slope hold time

Set CH1 slope status as rise and hold time less than 1ms. The steps are as follows:

1. Tap “Trigger” on the main menu to open the trigger menu, se

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