TE connectivity ANT-2.45-CHP-T Ultra Compact Chip Antenna User Guide

TE connectivity ANT-2.45-CHP-T Ultra Compact Chip Antenna

Product Information

Specifications

x 3.0(W) x 1.7(H)
Construction| LTCC| LTCC| LTCC
Center Frequency| 2.45GHz| 868MHz| 916MHz
Bandwidth| 180MHz| –| –
Wavelength| –| –| –
Pattern| Omni-directional| –| –
Polarization| Linear| –| –
VSWR| 2.0 (Max.)| –| –
Maximum Gain| +0.5dBi| –| –
Impedance| 50:| 50:| 50:
Power Handling| 3W (Max.)| 3W (Max.)| 3W (Max.)

FAQ

• Q: What are the applications of the Ultra Compact Chip Antenna?
  • A: The Ultra Compact Chip Antenna is suitable for Bluetooth, 802.11, ZigBee, wireless PCMCIA cards, telemetry, data collection, industrial process monitoring, and compact wireless products. It can also be used to eliminate external antennas.
• Q: Is the Ultra Compact Chip Antenna RoHS compliant?
  • A: Yes, the Ultra Compact Chip Antenna is RoHS compliant.
• Q: What is the ordering information for the Ultra Compact Chip Antenna?
  • A: The ordering information can be found in Figure 4 of the user manual. It includes part numbers and descriptions for different frequency variants of the chip antenna.

Description And Features

Description

The exciting ANT-***-CHP family is among the world’ssmallest high-performance chip antennas. They are ideal for embedding in wireless products including Bluetooth, 802.11, Home RF, ZigBee and other popular standards. These tiny antennas use advanced Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology and proprietary elements to achieve superior size and performance characteristics. The entire family is compatible with hand and reflow-assembly. Excellent electrical specifications, stability, and outstanding cost-effectiveness make CHP Series antennas the logical choice for a wide variety of applications.

Features

• Incredibly compact SMD package
• Superior LTCC technology
• 50Ω characteristic impedance
• Low loss
• Wide bandwidth
• Favorable linear polarization

• Unity gain

• No external matching required
• Highly stable over temperature & time
• Hand and reflow-assembly compatible
• RoHS compliant
• Cost-effective

Applications

• Bluetooth
• 802.11
• ZigBee
• Wireless PCMCIA cards
• Telemetry
• Data collection
• Industrial process monitoring
• Compact wireless products
• External antenna elimination

Ordering Information And Specifications

Ordering Information

Figure 4: Ordering Information

Electrical Specifications

Figure 5: Ordering Information

Footprints

Pin Configuration

Figure 9: Pin Configurations

Pin Descriptions

Pin Number / Description

• Feed Termination
  • This pin connects to the transmitter or receiver.
• Solder Termination
  • This pin is soldered down for physical support only. There is no electrical connection.

Theory of Operation

The CHP Series antennas utilize Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic (LTCC) technology to embed the antenna element into a ceramic substrate. Advances in this technology have resulted in materials that are extremely stable over time and temperature, producing an antenna that is highly reliable across a wide range of applications. The high-frequency characteristics of this technology enable exceptional performance in a very small package. The construction techniques for LTCC devices lends itself well to favorable pricing in high volume.

Layout Considerations

Proper layout is vital to ensure correct operation and optimum performance. Improper placement of planes, traces, or system components will result in nulls or complete de-tuning. Ideally, the antenna will be mounted on the board in such a way as to allow an unobstructed field of view. The area underneath the antenna must be free of components, traces, and planes. Components may be placed to the rear of the antenna in the ground plane counterpoise area. The feed trace from the RF stage to the antenna must be a microstrip trace or coax transmission line and should be kept as short as practical.

The layout of our reference jigs is illustrated on the following pages. While they demonstrate various aspects of a layout, it is not necessary to replicate them exactly. While your board size and layout may differ, it is important to recognize that the counterpoise plays an important role in resonance and stability since it acts, in essence, as part of the antenna. After your own layout is complete, the performance of the antenna in your specific product should be carefully checked using tools like a network analyzer. In some cases, the size of the product’s PCB, proximity of the case, or other factors may make a custom version of the antenna necessary. Contact Linx for more information.

Microstrip Details

A transmission line is a medium whereby RF energy is transferred from one place to another with minimal loss. This is a critical factor, especially in high-frequency products like Linx RF modules, because the trace leading to the module’s antenna can effectively contribute to the length of the antenna, changing its resonant bandwidth. In order to minimize loss and detuning, some form of transmission line between the antenna and the module should be used unless the antenna can be placed very close (<1/8in.) to the module. One common form of transmission line is a coax cable and another is the microstrip.

This term refers to a PCB trace running over a ground plane that is designed to serve as a transmission line between the module and the antenna. The width is based on the desired characteristic impedance of the line, the thickness of the PCB and the dielectric constant of the board material. For standard 0.062in thick FR-4 board material, the trace width would be 111 mils. The correct trace width can be calculated for other widths and materials using the information in Figure 11 and examples are provided in Figure 12. Software for calculating microstrip lines is also available on the Linx website.

Figure 12: Example Microstrip Calculations

Example Microstrip Calculations

Assembly Considerations

The antenna is RoHS Compliant and designed to support hand or automated assembly. To avoid damage to the part, the reflow solder guidelines found below should be carefully followed. The antenna is single ended meaning that one pad is electrically connected while the other is for mechanical support only. The antenna terminals are not interchangeable so the polarity indicated in the Pin Configuration section must be observed during assembly.

Hand Soldering

• This antenna is designed for high-volume automated assembly, however, it may be successfully attached by hand assembly techniques.
• A hand-solder temperature of 225°C or lower should be used. Do not exceed a 10sec. heating time.

Reflow Temperature Profile

The single most critical stage in the automated assembly process is the reflow process. The reflow profile below should be closely followed since excessive temperatures or transport times during reflow will irreparably damage the antennas. Assembly personnel will need to pay careful attention to the oven’s profile to ensure that it meets the requirements necessary to successfully reflow all components while still meeting the limits mandated by the antennas themselves.

Reflow Soldering Profile

Figure 14: Absolute Maximum Solder Times

Warning: Pay attention to the absolute maximum solder times.

Absolute Maximum Solder Times

Hand Solder Temperature: TX +225ºC for 10 seconds
Hand Solder Temperature: RX +225ºC for 10 seconds
Recommended Solder Melting Point: +180ºC
Reflow Oven: +225ºC max (see Figure 13)

Test Boards

VSWR Graphs

What is VSWR?

The Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) is a measurement of how well an antenna is matched to a source impedance, typically 50-ohms. It is calculated by measuring the voltage wave that is headed toward the load versus the voltage wave that is reflected back from the load. A perfect match will have a VSWR of 1:1. The higher the first number, the worse the match, and the more inefficient the system. Since a perfect match cannot ever be obtained, some benchmark for performance needs to be set. In the case of antenna VSWR, this is usually 2:1.

At this point, 88.9% of the energy sent to the antenna by the transmitter is radiated into free space and 11.1% is either reflected back into the source or lost as heat on the structure of the antenna. In the other direction, 88.9% of the energy recovered by the antenna is transferred into the receiver. As a side note, since the “:1” is always implied, many data sheets will remove it and just display the first number.

How to Read a VSWR Graph

VSWR is usually displayed graphically versus frequency. The lowest point on the graph is the antenna’s operational center frequency. In most cases, this will be different than the designed center frequency due to fabrication tolerances. The VSWR at that point denotes how close to 50-ohms the antenna gets. Linx specifies the recommended bandwidth as the range where the typical antenna VSWR is less than 2:1.

Dimensions

Tape Dimensions

Figure 20: 2.4GHz Tape Dimensions Table

Figure 21: 868MHz and 916MHz Tape Dimensions Table

868MHz and 916MHz Tape Dimensions

 | Symbol| Dimension| Tolerance| Unit
 | D1| 1.50| ±0.10| mm
 | D2| 1.50| ±0.10| mm
 | F| 10.6| ±0.10| mm
 | P1| 8.00| ±0.10| mm
 | P2| 11.50| ±0.10| mm
 | P3| 1.75| ±0.10| mm
 | P4| 4.00| ±0.10| mm
 | P5| 2.00| ±0.10| mm
 | T2| 0.30| ±0.05| mm
 | T3| 3.30| ±0.10| mm
 | T4| 1.90| ±0.10| mm
 | W| 24.00| ±0.30| mm

Reel Dimensions

Figure 23: Reel Dimensions Table

Mismatch Conversion Table

Figure 24: Mismatch Conversion Table

Mismatch Conversion Table

VSWR| Insertion Loss (dB)| Power Transmitted (%)| Power Reflected (%)|
17.391| –6.87| 20.57%| 79.43%|
11.610| –5.35| 29.21%| 70.79%|
8.724| –4.33| 36.90%| 63.10%|
6.997| –3.59| 43.77%| 56.23%|
5.848| –3.02| 49.88%| 50.12%|
5.030| –2.57| 55.33%| 44.67%|
4.419| –2.20| 60.19%| 39.81%|
3.946| –1.90| 64.52%| 35.48%|
3.570| –1.65| 68.38%| 31.62%|
3.010| –1.26| 74.88%| 25.12%|
2.615| –0.97| 80.05%| 19.95%|
2.323| –0.75| 84.15%| 15.85%|
2.100| –0.58| 87.41%| 12.59%|
1.925| –0.46| 90.00%| 10.00%|
1.433| –0.14| 96.84%| 3.15%|
1.222| –0.04| 99.00%| 1.00%|
1.119| –0.01| 99.68%| 0.32%|
1.065| 0.00| 99.90%| 0.10%|
1.034| 0.00| 99.97%| 0.03%|
1.020| 0.00| 99.99%| 0.01%|

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