VEVOR M X-210D Mini Metal Lathe Instruction Manual
- June 15, 2024
- VEVOR
Table of Contents
MX-210D
OPERATION’ MANUAL
M X-210D Mini Metal Lathe
Keep Read and
Understand the Operation Manual and Safety Informantion Before Operated!
NOTE
The information contained in this handbook is intended as a guide to the
operation of these machines and does not form part of any contract. The data
it contains has been obtained from the machine manufacturer and from other
sources. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of these
transcriptions it would be impracticable to verify each and every item.
Furthermore, development of the machine may mean that the equipment supplied
may differ in detail from the descriptions herein. The responsibility
therefore lies with the user to satisfy himself that the equipment or process
described is suitable for the purpose intended.
LIMITED WARRANTY
We Makes every effort to assure that its products meet high quality and
durability standards and warrants to the original retail consumer/purchaser of
our products that each product be free from defects in materials and
workmanship as follow: ONE YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY ON ALL PRODUCTS
UNLESSSPECIFIED OTHERWISE. This Warranty does not apply to defects due
directly or indirectly to misuse, abuse, negligence or accidents, normal wear-
and tear, repair or alterations outside our faciliies, or to a lack of
maintenance.
We shall in no event be liable for death, injuries to persons or property or
for incidental, contingent, special, or consequential damages arising from the
use of our products.
To take advantage of this warranty, the product or part must be returned to us
for examination, postage prepaid. Proof of purchase date and an explanation of
the complaint must accompany the merc handise. If our inspection discloses a
defect, we will either repair or replace the product, or refund the purchases
price if we cannot readily and quickly provide a repair or replacement, if you
are willing to accept a refund. We will return repaired product or replacement
at our expense, but if it is determined there in no defect, or that the defect
resulted from causes not within the scope of Herman’s warranty, then the user
must bear the cost of storing and returning the product.
The manufacturers reserve the right to change specifications at any time as
they continually strive to achieve better quality equipment.
Copyright. The copyright of this instruction book is the property of us
and may not be reproduced or copied without prior consent of us.
WARNING!
Read and understand the entire instruction manual before attempting set-up or
operation of this machine!
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This machine is designed and intended for use by properly trained and experienced personnel only. If you are not familiar with the proper safe use of lathes, do not use this machine until proper training and knowledge has been obtained.
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Keep guards in place. Safety guards must be kept in place and in working order.
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Remove adjusting keys and wrenches. Before tuming on machine, check to see that any adjusting wrenches are removed from the tool.
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Reduce the risk of unintentional starting.
Make sure switch is in the OFF position before plugging in the tool. -
Do not force tool. Always use a tool at the rate for which it was designed.
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Use the right tool. Do not force a tool or attachment to do a job for which it was not designed.
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Maintain tools with care. Keep tools sharp and clean for best and safest performance. Follow instructions for lubrication and changing accessories.
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Always disconnect the machine from the power source before adjusting or servicing.
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Check for damaged parts. Check for alignment of moving parts, breakage of parts, mounting, and any other condition that may affect the tools operation. A guard or any part that is damaged should be repaired or replaced.
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Turn power off. Never leave a machine unattended. Do not leave a machine until it comes to a complete stop.
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Keep work area clean, Cluttered areas and bench invite accidents.
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Do not use in a dangerous environment.
Do not use power tools in damp or wet locations, or expose them to rain. Keep work area well lighted. -
Keep children and visitors away. All visitors should be kept a safe distance from the work area.
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Make the workshop child proof. Use padlocks, master switches, and remove starter keys.
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Wear proper apparel. Loose clothing, gloves, neckties, rings, bracelets, or other jewelry may get caught in moving parts. Non-slip footwear is recommended. Wear protective hair covering to contain long hair. Do not wear any type of glove.
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Always use safety glasses. Every day glasses only have impact resistant lenses; they are not safety glasses.
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Do not overreach. Keep proper footing and balance at all times.
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Don not put hands near the cutter while the machine is operating.
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Do not perform any set-up work while machine is operating.
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Read and understand all warnings posted on the machine.
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This manual is intended to familiarize you with the technical aspects of this lathe. It is not, nor was it intended to be a training manual.
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Failure to comply with all of these warnings may result in serious injury.
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Some dust created by power sanding, sawing, grinding, drilling and other construction activities contains chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. Some examples of these chemicals are lead from lead based paint; crystalline silica from bricks and cement and other masonry products.
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Your risk from those exposures varies, depending on how often you do this type of work. To reduce your exposure to these chemicals: work in a well ventilated area, and work with approved safety equipment, such as those dust masks that are specifically designed to filter our microscopic particles.
UNCRATING AND CLEAN-UP
- Finish removing the wooden crate from around the lathe
- Check all the accessories of the machine tool according to the packing list.
- Unbolt the lathe from the shipping crate bottom.
- Choose a location for the lathe that is dray, has good lighting and has enough room to be able to service the lathe on all four sides.
- With adequate lifting equipment, slowly raise the lathe off the shipping crate bottom. Do not lift by spindle. Make sure lathe is balanced before moving to sturdy bench or stand.
- To avoid twisting the bed, the lathe’s location must be absolutely flat and level. Bolt the lathe to the stand (if used). If using a bench, through bolt for best performance.
- Clean all rust protected surfaces using a mild commercial solvent, kerosene or diesel fuel. Do not use paint thinner, gasoline or lacquer thinner. These will damage painted surfaces. Cover all cleaned surfaces with a light film of 20W machine oil.
- Remove the end gear cover. Clean all components of the end gear assembly and coat all gears with heavy, non-slinging grease.
FOUNDATION DRAWING
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Lathe Bed (Fig. 3)
The lathe bed is made of high-grade iron. By combining high cheeks with strong
cross ribs, a bed of low vibration and rigidity is produced. It integrates the
headstock and drive unit, for attaching the carriage and leadscrew. The two
precision-ground V – sideways, re-enforced by heat hardening and grinding, are
the accurate guide for the carriage and tailstock. The main motor is mounted
to the rear of the left side of the bed. 
Headstock (Fig. 4)
The headstock is cast from high grade, low vibration cast iron. It is bolted
to the bed with four screws. The headstock houses the main spindle with two
precision taper roller bearings and the drive unit.
The main spindle transmits the torque during the tuming process. It also holds
the workpieces and clamping devices. (e.g. 3-jaw chuck).
Carriage (Fig. 5)
The carriage is made from high quality cast iron. The slide parts are smoothly
ground. They fit the V on the bed without play. The lower sliding parts can be
easily and simply adjusted. The cross slide is mounted on the carriage and
moves on a dove tailed slide. Play in the cross slide may be adjusted with the
gibs.
Move the cross slide with its conveniently positioned handwheel. There is a
graduated collar on the handwheel.
A four way tool post is fitted on the top slide and allows four tools to be
clamped. Loosen the center clamp handle to rotate any of the four tools into
position.
Apron
(Fig. 6)
The apron is mounted on the bed. It houses the half nut with an engaging lever
for activating the automatic feed.
The half nut gibs can be adjusted from the outside.
A rack, mounted on the bed, and a pinion operated by handwheel on the carriage
allow for quick travel of the apron.
Leadscrew
The leadscrew (A, Fig.7) is mounted on the front of the machine bed. It is
connected to the gear box at the left for automatic feed and is supported by
bearing on both ends. The hex nut (B, Fig.7) on the right end is designed to
take up play on the leadscrew.
Tailstock (Fig. 8)
The tailstock slides on a V way and can be clamped at any location. The
tailstock has a heavy-duty spindle with a Morse taper No. 2 socket and a
graduated scale. The spindle can be clamped at any location with a clamping
lever. The spindle is moved with a handwheel at the end of the tailstock.
NOTE:
Fit the securing screw (C, Fig. 8) at the end of the lathe in order to prevent
the tailstock from falling off the lathe bed.
CONTROLS
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Emergency Button ON/OFF Switch (D, Fig. 9)
The machine is switched on and off with ON/OFF button. Depress to stop all machine functions. To restart, lift the cover and press ON button. -
Change-over Switch (E, Fig. 9)
After the machine is switched on, turn the switch to “F” position for counter- clockwise spindle rotation (forward).
Turn the switch to “R” position for clockwise spindle rotation (reverse). “0″ position is OFF and the spindle remains idle. -
Variable Speed Control Switch (F, Fig. 9)
Tumn the switch clockwise to increase the spindle speed.
Tum the switch counte-clockwise to decrease the spindle speed. The possible speed range is dependent from the position of the drive belt.
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Carriage Lock
Turn hex socket cap screw (A, Fig.10) clockwise and tighten to lock. Turn counter-clockwise and loosen to unlock.
Caution: carriage lock screw must be unlocked before engaging automatic feeds or damage to lathe may occur.
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Longitudinal Traverse Handwheel (B, Fig. 11)
Rotate hand wheel clockwise to move the apron assembly toward the tailstock (right). Rotate the hand wheel counter-clockwise to move the apron assembly toward the headstock (left). -
Cross Traverse Lever (C, Fig. 11)
Clockwise rotation moves the cross slide toward the rear of the machine. -
Half Nut Engage Lever (D, Fig. 11)
Move the lever down to engage. Move the lever up to disengage. -
Compound Rest Traverse Lever (E, Fig. 11)
Rotate clockwise or counter-clockwise to move or position. -
Tool Post Clamping Lever (F, Fig. 11)
Rotate counter-clockwise to loosen and clockwise to tighten. Rotate the tool post when the lever is unlocked.
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Tailstock Clamping Screw (G, Fig. 12)
Tum hex nut clockwise to lock and counter-clockwise to unlock. -
Tailstock Quill Clamping Lever (H, Fig. 12)
Rotate the lever clockwise to lock the spindle and counter-clockwise to unlock. -
Tailstock Quill Traverse Handwheel (I, Fig. 12)
Rotate clockwise to advance the quill. Rotate counter- clockwise to retract the quill -
Tailstock Off-set Adjustment (J, Fig. 12)
Three sets screws located on the tailstock base are used to off-set the tailstock for cutting tapers. Loosen lock screw on tailstock end. Loosen one side set screw while tightening the other until the amount of off-set is indicated on scale. Tighten lock screw.
OPERATION
Replacement of Chuck
The head spindle holding fixture is cylindrical. Loose three set screws and
nuts (A, Fig.13 only two are shown) on the lathe chuck flange to remove the
chuck. Position the new chuck and fix it using the same set screws and
nuts.
Tool
Set-Up
Clamp the tumning tool into the toolholder. The tool must be clamped firmly.
When turning, the tool has a tendency to bend under the cutting force
generated during the chip formation. For best results, tool overhang should be
kept to a minimum of 3/8″ or less.
The cutting angle is correct when the cutting edge is in line with the center
axis of the work piece. The correct height of the tool can be achieved by
comparing the tool point with the point of the center mounted in the
tailstock. If necessary, use steel spacer shims under the tool to get the
required height. (Fig. 14
Change Speed
- Unscrew the two fastening screws (B, Fig.15 and remove the protective cover.
- Adjust the V-belt (C, Fig.16) corresponding position.
- Tighten the tension pulley and fasten the nut again.
Manual
Turning
Apron travel, cross travel, and top slide handwheel can be operated for
longitudinal or cross feeding. (Fig.17)
Longitudinal Turning with Auto-Feed
Use the table (A, Fig.18) on the lathe for selecting the feed speed or the
thread pitch. Adjust the change gear if the required feed or thread pitch
cannot be obtained with the installed gear set.
Change Gears Replacement
- Disconnect the machine from the power source.
- Unscrew the two fastening screws and remove the protective cover.
- Loosen the locking screw (B, Fig.19) on thequadrant.
- Swing the quadrant (C, Fig.19) to the right.
- Unscrew the nut (D, Fig.29) from the leadscrew or the nuts (E, Fig.19) from the quadrant bolts in order to remove the change gears from the front.
- Install the gear couples according to the thread and feed table (Fig.20) and screw the gearwheels onto the quadrant again.
- Swing the quadrant to the left until the gearwheels have engaged again.
- Readjust gear backlash by inserting a normal sheet of paper as an adjusting or distance aid between the gearwheels.
- Immobilize the quadrant with the locking screw.
- Install the protective cover of the headstock and reconnect the machine to the power supply.
( Thread cutting table)
| 0.50| 0.75| 1.00| 1.25
---|---|---|---|---
A B
C D
E F| 84 30| 84 40| 84 60| 72 40
H 60| H 60| H 50| H 60
H 80| H 72| H 80| H 50
| 1.50| 2.| 2.00| 2.50
A B
C D
E F| 6040| 8050| 8460| 8050
H 80| H 72| H 50| H 60
H 50| H 40| H 40| H 33
(When machining metric thread, It can be changed according to actual
demand.) 
| 10| 11| 14| 19| 20
---|---|---|---|---|---
A B
C D
E F| 60 H| 72 H| 52 H| 84 H| 7233
40 50| 50 60| 50 60| 50 H| H 80
H 52| H 52| H 80| 60 H| H 40
| 22| 28| 38| 40| 44
A B
C D
E F| 66 H| 72 H| 7240| 72 H| 66 H
52 60| 50 30| H 52| 52 33| 60 30
H 80| H 80| H 84| H 84| H 84
Straight Turning (Fig. 21)
In the straight turning operation, the tool feeds parallel to the axis of
rotation of the workpiece. The feed can be either manual by tuming the
handwheel on the lathe saddle or the top slide, or by activating the automatic
feed. The crossfeed for the depth of cut is achieved using the cross
slide.
Facing
and Recesses (Fig. 22)
In the facing operation, the tool feeds perpendicular to the axis of rotation
of the workpiece. The feed is made manually with the cross slide handwheel.
The crossfeed for cut depth is made with the top slide or lathe saddle.
Turning
Between Centers (Fig. 23)
For turning between centers, it is necessary to remove the chuck from the
spindle. Fit the M.T.3 center into the spindle nose and the M.T. 2 center into
the tailstock. Mount the workpiece fitted with the driver dog between the
centers. The driver is driven by a catch or face plate.
Note: Always use a small amount of grease on the tailstock center to
prevent center tip form overheating.
Taper Turning Using Tailstock Off-Set
Work to a side angle of 5 can be turned by off-setting the tailstock. The
angle depends on the length of the workpiece.
To off-set the tailstock, loosen locking screw (A, Fig24) Unscrew the set
screw (B, Fig.24) on right end of the tailstock. Loosen the front adjusting
screw(C, Fig.24) and take up the same amount by tightening the rear adjusting
screw (D, Fig.24) until the desired taper has been reached. The desired cross-
adjustment can be read off the scale. (E, Fig.24). First retighten the set
screw (B, Fig,24) and then the two (front and rear) adjusting screw to lock
the tailstock in position.
Retighten the locking screw (A, Fig.24) of the tailstock. The workpiece must
be held between to centers and driven by a face plate and driver dog.
After taper turning, the tailstock should be returned to its original position
according to the zero position on the scale of tailstock. (E, Fig.24)
Thread Cutting
Set the machine up to the desired thread pitch (according to the threading
chart, Fig.20). Start the machine and engage the half nut. When the tool
reaches the part, it will cut the initial threading pass. When the tool
reaches the end of the cut, stop the machine by turning the motor off and at
the same time back the tool out of the part so that it clears the thread. Do
not disengage the half nut lever. Reverse the motor direction to allow the
cutting tool to traverse back to the starting point. Repeat these steps until
you have obtained the desired results.
NOTES
Example: Male Thread
- The workpiece diameter must have been turned to the diameter of the desired thread.
- The workpiece requires a chamfer at the beginning of the thread and an undercut at the thread runout.
- The speed must be as low as possible.
- The change gears must have been installed according to the required pitch.
- The thread cutting tool must be exactly the sample shape as the thread, must be absolutely rectangular and clamped so that it coincides exactly with the turning center.
- The thread is produced in various cutting steps so that the cutting tool has to be turned out of the thread completely (with the cross slide) at the end of each cutting step.
- The tool is withdrawn with the leadscrew nut engaged by inverting the change-over switch.
- Stop the machine and feed the thread cutting tool in low cut depths using the cross slide.
- Before each passage, place the top slide approximately 0.2 to 0.3mm to the left and right alternately in order to cut the thread free. This way, the thread cutting tools cuts only on one thread flank with each passage. Keep cutting the thread free until you have almost reached the full depth of thread.
Lathe Accessories
Three Jaw Universal Lathe Chuck
Using this universal chuck, round, triangular, square, hexagonal octagonal,
and twelve-cornered stock may be clamped. (Fig.26)
Note: new lathes have very tight fitting jaws. This is necessary to
ensure accurate clamping and long service life. With repeated opening and
closing, the jaw adjust automatically and their operation becomes
progressively smoother.
Note:
For the original 3-jaw chuck that mounted on the lathe, the factory has
mounted the chuck in the best way to guarantee the holding accuracy with two
“0″ mark (A, Fig.26) showed on the chuck and chuck flange.
There are two types of jaws: Internal and external jaws. Please note that the
number of jaws fit with the number inside the chuck’s groove. Do not mix them
together. When you are going to mount them, please mount them in ascending
order 1-2-3, when you are going to take them out, be sure to take them out in
descending order 3-2-1, one by one. After you finished this procedure, rotate
the jaws to the smallest diameter and check that the three jaws are well
fitted.
Four Jaw
Independent Lathe Chuck
This special chuck has four independently adjustable chuck jaws. These permit
the holding of asymmetrical pieces and enable the accurate set-up of
cylindrical pieces. (Fig.27)
Drill Chuck (Optional)
Use the drill chuck to hold centering drills and twist drills in the
tailstock. (B, Fig.28) Morse Taper Arbor (Optional)
An arbor is necessary for mounting the drill chuck in the tailstock. It has a
No. 2 Morse taper. (C, Fig.28)
Live Center (Optional)
The live center is mounted in ball bearings. Its use is highly recommended for
turning at speeds in excess of 600 RPM. ( Fig.29)
ADJUSTMENT
After a period time, wear in some of the moving components may need to be
adjust
Main Spindle Bearings
The main spindle bearings are adjusted at the factory. If end play becomes
evident after considerable use, the bearings may be adjusted.
Fasten the slotted nut (A, Fig.32) on the back of the spindle, loosen the
outer slotted nut (B, Fig.32). Adjust the slotted nut (A, Fig.32) until all
end play is taken up. The spindle should still revolve freely. Fasten the
slotted nut (A, Fig.32) again and tighten the outer slotted nut (B, Fig.32).
Caution: excessive tightening or preloading will damage the
bearings.
Adjustment of Cross Slide
The cross slide is fitted with a gib strip(C, Fig.33) and can be adjusted with
screws (D, Fig.33) fitted with lock nuts. (E, Fig.33) Loosen the lock nuts and
tighten the set screws until slide moves freely without play.
Tighten lock nuts to retain adjustment.
Adjustment of Top Slide
The top slide is fitted with a gib strip(F, Fig.34) and can be adjusted with
screws (G, Fig. 34) fitted with lock nuts. (H, Fig. 34) Loosen the lock nuts
and tighten the set screws until slide moves freely without play.
Tighten lock nuts to retain adjustment. Adjustment of Half Nut Guide
The half nuts engagement can be adjusted with screws (I, Fig.35) fitted with
lock nuts (J, Fig.35).
Loosen the nuts on the right side of the apron and adjust the control screws
until both half nuts move freely without play. Tighten the nut.
LUBRICATION
CAUTION
Lathe must be serviced at all lubrication points and all reservoirs filled to
operating level before the lathe is placed into service!
Failure to comply may cause serious damage!
NOTES:
Lubricate all slideways lightly before every use. Lubricate the change gears
and the leadscrew slightly with a lithium-based grease.
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Carriage
Lubricate Four oil ports (A, Fig. 36) with 20W machine oil once daily.
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Cross Slide
Lubricate two oil ports (B, Fig. 36) with 20W machine oil once daily.
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Leadscrew
Lubricate the left oil port (C Fig. 37) and right oil port (D, Fig.38) with 20W machine oil once daily.
MAINTENANCE
Keep the maintenance of the machine tool during the operation to guarantee the accuracy and service life of the machine tool.
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In order to retain the machine’s precision and functionality, it is essential to treat it with care, keep it clean and grease and lubricate it regularly. Only through good care, you can be sure that the working quality of the machine will remain constant.
NOTES:
Disconnect the machine plug from the mains supply whenever you carry out cleaning, maintenance or repair work!
Oil, grease and cleaning agents are pollutants and must not be disposed of through the drains or in normal refuse. Dispose of those agents in accordance with current legal requirements on the environment. Cleaning rags impregnated with oil, grease and cleaning agents are easily inflammable. Collect cleaning rags or cleaning wool in a suitable closed vessel and dispose of them in an environmentally sound way — do not put them with normal refuse! -
Lubrication all slideways lightly before every use. The change gears and the leadscrew must also be lightly lubricated with lithium base grease.
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During the operation, the chips which falls onto the sliding surface should be cleaned timely, and the inspection should be often made to prevent chips falling into the position between the machine tool saddle and lathe bed guide way. Asphalt felt should be cleaned at certain time.
NOTES:
Do not remove the chips with your bare hands. There is a risk of cuts due to sharp-edged chips. Never use flammable solvents or cleaning agents or agents that generate noxious fumes! Protect electrical components such as motors, switches, switch boxes, etc., against humidity when cleaning. -
After the operation every day, eliminate all the chips and clean different part of the machine tool and apply machine tool oil to prevent rusting.
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In order to maintain the machining accuracy, take care of the center, the surface of the machine tool for the chuck and the guide way and avoid mechanical damage and the wear due to improper guide.
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If the damage is found, the maintenance should be done immediately.
NOTES:
Repair work may only be carried out by qualified personnel with the corresponding mechanical and electrical knowledge.
TROUBLESHOOTING
| Problem | Possible Reason | Elimination |
|---|---|---|
| Surface of workpiece too rough | Tool blunt |
Tool springs
Feed too high
Radius at the tool tip too small| Re-sharpen tool
Clamp tool with less overhang !
Reduce feed 1
Increase radius l
Workpiece becomes coned| Centers are not aligned (taitstock has offset)
Top slide not aligned well (cutting with the top slide)| Adjust tailstock to
the center Align top slide well
Lathe is chattering| Feed too high
Slack in main bearing| Reduce feed
Adjust the main bearing
Center runs hot| Workpiece has expanded| Loosen tadstock center
| |
Tool has a short edge life| Cutting speed too high Crossfeed too high
Insufficient cooling| Reduce cutting speed
Lower crossfeed(finishing allowance should not exceed 0.5mm)
More coolant
Flank wear too high| Clearance angle too small
Tool tip not adjusted to center high| Increase clearance angle
Correct height adjustment of the tool
Cutting edge breaks off| Wedge angle too small (heat build-up) Grinding crack
due to wrong cooling Excessive slack in the spindle bearing Arrangement
(vibrations)| Increase wedge angle
Cool uniformly
Adjust the slack in the spindle bearing arrangement
Cut thread is wrong| Tool is clamped incorrectly or has been started grinding
the wrong way Wrong pitch
Wrong diameter| Adjust too to the center
Grind angle correctly
Adjust the right pitch
Turn the workpiece to the correct diameter
Spindle does not activate| Emergency stop switch activated| Unlock emergency
stop switch