Seeed Studio 24GHz mmWave Human Static Presence Lite User Manual

Seeed Studio 24GHz mmWave Human Static Presence Lite

Specifications

• Communication interface introduction
• Pin definition
• Use and configuration
• Visual configuration tool description

Communication Interface Introduction

• The communication interface allows users to connect the mmWave sensor module to other devices. The pin definition of the module is as follows:

Use and Configuration

• The module’s configuration parameters can be modified through the serial port to adapt to different application requirements. The configurable radar detection parameters include:

The Farthest Detection Distance

• This parameter sets the maximum detectable distance. Only human targets that appear within this maximum distance will be detected and the result will be output.
• The distance from the door can be used as a unit for setting this parameter. Each distance from the door is 0.75m. The farthest distance gate can be set in the range of 1 to 8. For example, setting the farthest distance gate to 2 means that only the presence of the human body within 1.5m will be effectively detected and the results will be output.

Sensitivity

• The presence of a target is determined when the detected target energy value (range 0 to 100) is greater than the sensitivity value. The sensitivity value can be set in the range of 0 to 100. Each distance gate can be set independently of the sensitivity, allowing for precise adjustment and detection of different distances. This enables local precision detection or filtering of specific areas of interference sources.
• If the sensitivity of a distance gate is set to 100, the target under this distance gate will not be identified. For example, if the sensitivity of distance gate 3 and distance gate 4 is set to 20, and the sensitivity of all other distance gates is set to 100, only the human body within 2.25m to 3.75m of the distance module can be detected.

No-One Duration

• When the radar detects that an area is unoccupied for some time, it will report an unoccupied status. The duration of this period can be set in seconds. This parameter acts as a delay time before the output status changes to no one after a person has left.

Visual Configuration Tool Description

• To facilitate users in testing and configuring the module, a visual configuration tool is provided. The tool indicates the target status through different colors:
• Red: Moving target
• Purple: Stationary target
• Green: No one

FAQ

Q: How can I connect the module to other devices?

• A: The module can be connected to other devices through the serial port.

Q: What is the maximum detectable distance?

• A: The maximum detectable distance can be set using the configuration parameters. Only human targets within this distance will be detected.

Q: Can I adjust the sensitivity for different distances?

• A: Yes, each distance gate can be set independently of the sensitivity, allowing for precise adjustment and detection of different distances.

Q: What does the no-one duration parameter do?

• A: The no-one duration parameter determines the amount of time the radar continues to report an occupied status after an area is unoccupied. It acts as a delay time before the output status changes to no one.

Communication Interface Introduction

Pin definition

Use and configuration

The role of configuration parameters

Users can modify the configuration parameters to the module through the serial port of this mmWave senser to adapt to different application requirements.

The configurable radar detection parameters include the following:

The farthest detection distance

• Set the maximum detectable distance, only human targets that appear within this maximum distance will be detected and the result will be output.
• Set up in units of distance from the door, each distance from the door is 0.75m. Including motion detection of the farthest distance gate and stationary detection of the farthest distance gate, which can be set in the range of 1 to 8, for example, set the farthest distance gate for 2, only the presence of the human body within 1.5m will be effectively detected and output the results.

Sensitivity

• The presence of a target is determined when the detected target energy value (range 0 to 100) is greater than the sensitivity value, otherwise, it is ignored.
  The sensitivity value can be set in the range of 0 to 100. Each distance gate can be set independently of the sensitivity, that is, the detection of different distances within the range of precise adjustment, local precision detection, or filtering of specific areas of interference sources.

• In addition, if the sensitivity of a distance gate is set to 100, the effect of not identifying the target under this distance gate can be achieved. For example, if the sensitivity of distance gate 3 and distance gate 4 is set to 20, and the sensitivity of all other distance gates is set to 100, then only the human body within 2.25 to 3.75m of the distance module can be achieved to detect.

no-one duration

• Radar in the output from occupied to unoccupied results will continue to report a time on the occupied, if the radar test range in this time continued unoccupied, the radar reported unoccupied; if the radar detects someone in this period, then refreshed this time, unit seconds. Equivalent to no one delay time, after the person left, keep no one more than this duration before the output status for no one.

Visual configuration tool description

• To facilitate users to quickly and efficiently test and configure the module, the PC terminal configuration tool is provided. Users can use this tool software to connect to the serial port of the module, read and configure the parameters of the module, and also receive the detection result data reported by the module, and make a real-time visualization display, which is greatly convenient for users.

Usage of the Uplink tool:

1. properly connect the module serial port with the USB to the serial port tool.
2. select the corresponding serial port number in the upper computer tool, set the baud rate to 256000, select the engineering mode, and click connect the device.
3. after a successful connection, click the start button, and the right graphical interface will display the detection results and data.
4. after connection, when the start button is not clicked, or when clicking stop after starting, the mode parameter information can be read or set.

Note: Parameters cannot be read and configured after clicking Start, and can only be configured after stopping.

The interface and common functions of the OP tool are shown below:

• The ball is the target status output indication: red means there is a moving target; purple means there is a stationary target; green means no one.

Communication protocols

• The 24GHz mmWave Sensor for XIAO communicates with the outside world through a serial port (level). Data output and parameter configuration commands of the radar are carried out under this protocol.
• The default baud rate of the radar serial port is 256000, 1 stop bit, no parity bit.

Protocol format

Protocol data format

• The 24GHz mmWave Sensor for XIAO uses a small-end format for serial data communication, and all data in the following tables are hexadecimal.

Command protocol frame format

• The format of the protocol-defined radar configuration commands and ACK commands are shown in Table 1 to Table 4.

Table 2 Send command protocol frame format

Table 3 Data format in the sending frame

• Command word (2 bytes)/Command word (2 bytes)

Table 4 ACK command protocol frame format

Table 5 ACK intra-frame data format

• Send command word | 0x0100 (2 bytes)/Return value (N bytes)

Send command with ACK

Enabling configuration commands

• Any other commands issued to the radar must be executed after this command is issued, otherwise, they are invalid.
• Command word: 0x00FF
• Command value: 0x0001
• Return value: 2 bytes ACK status (0 success, 1 failure) + 2 bytes protocol version (0x0001) + 2 bytes buffer size (0x0040)

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

FD FC FB FA| 08 00| FF 01| 00 00| 01 00| 40 00| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---

End configuration command

• End the configuration command and the radar resumes working mode after execution. If you need to issue other commands again, you need to send the enable configuration command first.
• Command word: 0x00FE
• Command value: None
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

Maximum distance gate and unoccupied duration parameters configuration command

• This command sets the radar maximum detection distance gate (motion & stationary)(configuration range 2~8), and the unmanned duration parameter (configuration range 0~65535 seconds). Please refer to the specific parameter word Table 5- 5. This configuration value is not lost when power is dropped.
• Command word: 0x0060
• Command value: 2-byte maximum motion distance gate word + 4-byte maximum motion distance gate parameter + 2-byte maximum standstill distance gate word + 4-byte maximum standstill distance gate parameter + 2-byte unoccupied duration word + 4-byte unoccupied duration parameter
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure) 0x0060 protocol parameter word

Send data: maximum distance door 8 (motion & stationary), no one duration 5 seconds

FD FC FB FA| 14 00| 60 00| 00 00| 08 00 00 00| 01 00| 08 00 00 00| 02 00| 05 00 00 00| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---

Radar ACK (success):

Read parameter command

• This command allows you to read the current configuration parameters of the radar.
• Command word: 0x0061
• Command value: None
• Return value: 2 bytes ACK status (0 success, 1 failure) + header (0xAA) + max distance gate N (0x08) + configure max motion distance gate + configure max rest distance gate + distance gate 0 motion sensitivity (1 byte) + … + distance gate N motion sensitivity (1 byte) + distance gate 0 rest sensitivity 1 byte) + … + distance gate N stationary sensitivity (1 byte) + unoccupied duration (2 bytes)

Send data:

• Radar ACK: (success, maximum distance gate 8, configured motion distance gate 8, stationary distance gate 8, 0~8 motion sensitivity 20, 0~8 stationary sensitivity 25, unoccupied duration 5 seconds)

Byte 1~4| Byte 5, 6| Byte 7, 8| Byte 9, 10| Byte 11| Byte 12| Byte 13| Byte 14| Byte 15| Byte 16| Byte 17| Byte 18
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
FD FC FB FA| 1C 00| 61 01| 00 00| AA| 08| 08| 08| 14| 14| 14| 14
Byte 19| Byte 20| Byte 21| Byte 22| Byte 23| Byte 24| Byte 25| Byte 26| Byte 27| Byte 28| Byte 29| Byte 30
14| 14| 14| 14| 14| 19| 19| 19| 19| 19| 19| 19
Byte 31| Byte 32| Byte 33, 34| Byte 35~38| | | | | | | |
19| 19| 05 00| 04 03 02

01

| | | | | | |

Enabling engineering mode command

• This command opens the radar engineering mode. When the engineering mode is turned on, each distance gate energy value will be added to the radar report data, please refer to 2.3.2 Target Data Composition for detailed format. Engineering mode is off by default after the module is powered on, this configuration value is lost when power is lost.
• Command word: 0x0062
• Command value: None
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

Close project mode command

• This command turns off the radar engineering mode. After it is turned off, please refer to 2.3.2 Target Data Composition for the format of radar report data.
• Command word: 0x0063
• Command value: None
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

Distance gate sensitivity configuration command

• This command configures the sensitivity of the distance gate, and the configured value is not lost when power is dropped. It supports both configuring each distance gate individually and configuring all distance gates to a uniform value at the same time. If setting all distance gates sensitivity to the same value at the same time, the distance gate value needs to be set to 0xFFFF.
• Command word: 0x0064
• Command value: 2-byte distance gate word + 4-byte distance gate value + 2-byte motion sensitivity word + 4-byte motion sensitivity value + 2-byte standstill sensitivity word + 4-byte standstill sensitivity value
  Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

0x0064 protocol parameter word

Send data: configured distance from the door 3 motion sensitivity 40, stationary sensitivity 40

FD FC FB FA| 14 00| 64 00| 00 00| 03 00 00 00| 01 00| 28 00 00 00| 02 00| 28 00 00 00| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---

Radar ACK (success):

Send data: Configure motion sensitivity 40 for all distance doors, rest sensitivity 40

FD FC FB FA| 14 00| 64 00| 00 00| FF FF 00 00| 01 00| 28 00 00 00| 02 00| 28 00 00 00| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---

Radar ACK (success):

Read the firmware version command

• This command reads the radar firmware version information.
• Command word: 0x00A0
• Command value: None
• Return value: 2 bytes ACK status (0 success, 1 failure) + 2 bytes firmware type (0x0001) + 2 bytes major version number + 4 bytes minor version number

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

FD FC FB FA| 0C 00| 00 00| 00 01| 07 01| 16 15 09 22| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---

• The corresponding version number is V1.07.22091615

Set serial port baud rate

• This command is used to set the baud rate of the serial port of the module. The configured value is not lost when power is lost, and the configured value takes effect after restarting the module.
• Command word: 0x00A1
• Command value: 2-byte baud rate selection index Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Table 6 Serial port baud rate selection

The factory default value is 0x0007, which is 256000

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

Restore factory settings

• This command is used to restore all the configuration values to their non-factory values, which take effect after rebooting the module.
• Command word: 0x00A2
• Command value: None
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

The factory default configuration values are as follows:

Table 7 Factory default configuration values

Default value
---|---|---|---
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 0| 50| Static sensitivity of distance gate 0| -(not settable)
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 1| 50| Static sensitivity of distance gate 1| -(not settable)
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 2| 40| Static sensitivity of distance gate 2| 40
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 3| 30| Static sensitivity of distance gate 3| 40
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 4| 20| Static sensitivity of distance gate 4| 30
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 5| 15| Static sensitivity of distance gate 5| 30
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 6| 15| Static sensitivity of distance gate 6| 20
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 7| 15| Static sensitivity of distance gate 7| 20
Motion sensitivity of distance gate 8| 15| Static sensitivity of distance gate 8| 20

Restart module

• The module receives this command and will automatically restart after the answer is sent.
• Command word: 0x00A3
• Command value : None
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

Bluetooth settings

• This command is used to control the Bluetooth on or off, the Bluetooth function of the module is on by default.
• After receiving this command, a reboot is required for the function to take effect. Command word: 0x00A4
• Command value: 0x0100 Turn on Bluetooth 0x0000 Turn off Bluetooth
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)
• Send data: (Turn on Bluetooth)

Radar ACK (success):

Get mac address

• This command is used to query the MAC address.
• Command word: 0x00A5
• Command value: 0x0001
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure) + 1 byte fixed type (0x00) + 3 bytes MAC address (address is in big terminal order)

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

FD FC FB FA| 0A 00| A5 01| 00 00| 8F 27| 2E B8| 0F 65| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---

• The mac address queried is: 8F 27 2E B8 0F 65

Obtaining Bluetooth permissions

• This command is used to get Bluetooth permission, and you can use the APP to get the device information and debugging parameters through Bluetooth after successful acquisition.
• Command word: 0x00A8
• Command value: 6 bytes of password value (every 2 bytes in small end order)
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)
• The default password is “HiLink”, then the corresponding value is 0x4869 (Hi) 0x4c69 (Li) 0x6e6b (nk).

Send data:

FD FC FB FA| 08 00| A8 00| 48 69| 4c 69| 6e 6b| 48 69| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---

Radar ACK (success):

• Note: This response only answers to Bluetooth, not to the serial port.

Setting Bluetooth password

• This command is used to set the password for Bluetooth control. Command word: 0x00A9
• Command value: 6 bytes of password value (each byte is in small end order) Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Send data:

FD FC FB FA| 08 00| A9 00| 48 69| 4c 69| 6e 6b| 48 69| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---

Radar ACK (success):

Distance resolution setting

• Set the distance resolution of the module, that is how far away each distance gate represents, the configuration value is not lost when power is lost, and the configuration value takes effect after restarting the module.
• Can be configured to 0.75m or 0.2m per distance gate, the maximum number of distance gates supported is 8.
• Command word: 0x00AA
• Command value: 2-byte distance resolution selection index
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure)

Table 8 Distance resolution selection

Distance resolution selection index value| Distance resolution (distance represented by each distance gate)
---|---
0x0000| 0.75m
0x0001| 0.2m

The factory default value is 0x0001, which is 0.75m.

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

Query distance resolution setting

• Query the module’s current distance resolution setting, i.e. how far away each distance gate represents.
• Command word: 0x00AB
• Command value: None
• Return value: 2-byte ACK status (0 success, 1 failure) + 2-byte distance resolution selection index
• The return value definition is the same as Table 8 Distance resolution selection

Send data:

Radar ACK (success):

FD FC FB FA| 06 00| AB 01| 00 00| 01 00| 04 03 02 01
---|---|---|---|---|---

• Represents the currently set distance resolution of 0.2m.

Radar data output protocol

• The 24GHz mmWave Sensor for XIAO outputs the radar detection result through a serial port, the default output
  is basic target information, including target status, motion energy value, stationary energy value, motion distance, stationary distance, and other information.

• If the radar is configured in engineering mode, the radar will additionally output each distance gate energy value (motion & stationary). Radar data is output in the prescribed frame format.

Reported data frame format

• The format of the radar uplink message frames defined by the protocol is shown in Table 9 and Table 10. The definition of the report data type values in normal operation mode and engineering mode are shown in Table 11.

Table 9 Reported data frame format

Table 10 Intra-frame data frame format

Table 11 Data type description

Target data composition

• The content of the target data reported by the radar will change depending on the operating mode of the radar. In normal operation mode, the radar outputs the basic information data of the target by default; when configured to engineering mode, the radar adds each distance gate energy value information after the basic information data of the target. Therefore, the basic information of the target will always be output in the radar report data, while the distance gate energy value information needs to be enabled by a command to be output.
• The composition of the target data reported by the radar in normal operation mode is shown in Table 11, and the definition of the target state values is shown in Table 12. The composition of the target data frame in engineering mode is shown in Table 13, with additional data added to the data reported in normal operation mode.

Table 12 Target basic information data composition

Target Status

| Movement target distance (cm)| Exercise target energy value| Distance to stationary target (cm)| Stationary target energy value| Detection distance (cm)
---|---|---|---|---|---
1 byte (See

Table 12)

| 2 bytes| 1 byte| 2 bytes| 1 byte| 2 bytes

Table 13 Target state value description

Table 14 Engineering model target data composition

Add the following data after the target basic information data in Table 11

…| Maximum movement distance door N| Maximum resting distance door N| Movement distance gate 0 energy value| …| Movement distance gate N energy value| Stationary distance gate 0 energy value| …| Stationary distance gate N energy value| Retain data, store additional information
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
…| 1 byte| 1 byte| 1 byte| …| 1 byte| 1 byte| …| 1 byte| M byte

Example of reported data

Data reported in normal operating mode:

Data reported in engineering mode

3C 22 05 03 03 04 03 06 05 00 00 39 10 13

06 06 08 04 03 05 55 00

| F8 F7 F6 F5

Radar command configuration method

Radar command configuration steps

• The process of executing a configuration command by the 24GHz mmWave Sensor for XIAO consists of two parts: the upper computer “sends the command” and the radar “replies to the command ACK”. If the radar does not reply with ACK or fails to reply with ACK, it means the mmWave sensor fails to execute the configuration command.
• As mentioned earlier, before sending any other commands to the radar, the developer needs to send the “enable configuration” command and then send the configuration command within the specified time. After the commands are configured, the “end configuration” command is sent to inform the radar that the configuration is finished.
• For example, if you want to read the radar configuration parameters, first the host computer sends the “enable configuration” command; after receiving a successful radar ACK, then sends the “read parameters” command; after receiving a successful radar ACK, finally sends the After receiving successful radar ACK, then send “end configuration” command; after receiving successful radar ACK, it indicates that the complete action of reading parameters is finished.
• The radar command configuration flow is shown in the following figure.

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