R V R ELETTRONICA TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT FM Transmitter User Manual

R V R ELETTRONICA TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT FM Transmitter

Product Usage Instructions

Before using the product, it is important to follow the preliminary instructions and safety precautions mentioned in the user manual.

Preliminary Instructions

• R.V.R. Elettronica SpA shall not be liable for any injuries or damages resulting from improper use or operation by trained/untrained and qualified/unqualified persons.
• The equipment is not water resistant. Do not expose it to rain, dripping, or moisture to prevent the risk of electrical shock or fire.
• Observe local codes and fire prevention rules when installing and operating the equipment.
• Always disconnect the power supply before removing any covers or parts of the equipment.
• Ensure proper ventilation by not obstructing the ventilation slits and holes provided.

First Aid

The user manual provides instructions for the treatment of electrical shocks and burns. Please refer to the complete user manual for detailed instructions.

Installation and Configuration Procedure

The user manual provides detailed instructions for the installation and configuration procedure of the TEX500-LCD & TEX1000LIGHT. It includes the following steps:

1. Preparation
2. First power-on and setup
3. Operation
4. Management Firmware
5. Optional Functions

Front and Rear Panel Description

The user manual provides descriptions of the front panel, rear panel, and connector pinouts of the TEX500-LCD & TEX1000LIGHT. Please refer to the complete user manual for detailed information.

IMPORTANT

• The lightning flash with arrowhead, within a triangle, is intended to alert the user of the presence of dangerous voltage that may constitute a risk of electric shock.
• The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the equipment.

Preliminary Instructions

General Warnings

This equipment should only be operated, installed and maintained by “trained” or “qualified” personnel who are familiar with risks involved in working on electric and electronic circuits. “Trained” means personnel who have technical knowledge of equipment operation and who are responsible for their own safety and that of other unqualified personnel placed under their supervision when working on the equipment. “Qualified” means personnel who are trained in and experienced with equipment operation and who are responsible for their own safety and that of other unqualified personnel placed under their supervision when working on the equipment.

WARNING: Residual voltage may be present inside the equipment even when the ON/OFF switch is set to Off. Before servicing the equipment, disconnect the power cord or switch off the main power panel and make sure the safety earth connection is connected. Some service situations may require inspecting the equipment with live circuits. Only trained and qualified personnel may work on the equipment live and shall be assisted by a trained person who shall keep ready to disconnect power supply at need.

R.V.R. Elettronica SpA: shall not be liable for injury to persons or damage to property resulting from improper use or operation by trained/untrained and qualified/unqualified persons.

WARNING: The equipment is not water resistant. Any water entering the enclosure might impair proper operation. To prevent the risk of electrical shock or fire, do not expose this equipment to rain, dripping or moisture. Please observe local codes and fire prevention rules when installing and operating this equipment.

WARNING: This equipment contains exposed live parts involving an electrical shock hazard. Always disconnect power supply before removing any covers or other parts of the equipment. Ventilation slits and holes are provided to ensure reliable operation and prevent overheating; do not obstruct or cover these slits. Do not obstruct the ventilation slits under any circumstances. The product must not be incorporated in a rack unless adequate ventilation is provided or the manufacturer’s instructions are followed closely.

WARNING: This equipment can radiat e radiofrequency energy and, if not installed in compliance with manual instructions and applicable regulations, may cause interference with radio communications.

WARNING: This equipment is fitted with earth connections both in the power cord and for the chassis. Make sure both are properly connected.

Operation of this equipment in a residential area may cause radio interference, in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

The specifications and data contained herein are provided for information only and are subject to changes without prior notice. R.V.R. Elettronica SpA disclaims all warranties, express or implied.While R.V.R. Elettronica SpA attempts to provide accurate information, it cannot accept responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies in this manual, including the products and the software described herein. R.V.R. Elettronica SpA reserves the right to make changes to equipment design and/or specifications and to this manual at any time without prior notice.

Notice concerning product intended purpose and use limitations.

This product is a radio transmitter suitable for frequencymodulation audio radio broadcasting. Its operating frequencies are not harmonised in designated user countries. Before operat ing thi s equipment , user mus t obtain a licence to use radio spectrum from the competent authority in the designated user country. Operating frequency, transmitter power and other characteristics of the transmission system are subject to restrictions as specified in the licence.

Warranty

La R.V.R. Elettronica S.P.A. warrants this product to be free from defects in workmanship and its proper operation subject to the limitations set forth in the supplied Terms and Conditions. Please read the Terms and Conditions carefully, as purchase of the product or acceptance of the order acknowledgement imply acceptance of the Terms and Conditions.

For the latest updated terms and conditions, please visit our web site at WWW.RVR.IT. The web site may be modified, removed or updated for any reason whatsoever without prior notice. The warranty will become null and void in the event the product enclosure is opened, the product is physically damaged, is repaired by unauthorised persons or is used for purposes other than its intended use, as well as in the event of improper use, unauthorised changes or neglect.

In the event a defect is found, follow this procedure:

1. Contact the seller or distributor who sold the equipment; provide a description of the problem or malfunction for the event a quick fix is available. Sellers and Distributors can provide the necessary information to troubleshoot the most frequently encountered problems. Normally, Sellers and Distributors can offer a faster repair service than the Manufacturer would. Please note that Sellers can pinpoint problems due to wrong installation.
2. If your Seller cannot help you, contact R.V.R. Elettronica and describe the problem; if our staff deems it appropriate, you will receive an authorisation to return the equipment along with suitable instructions;
3. When you have received the authorisation, you may return the unit. Pack the unit carefully before shipment; use the original packaging whenever possible and seal the package perfectly. The customer bears all risks of loss (i.e., R.V.R. shall not be liable for loss or damage) until the package reaches the R.V.R. factory. For this reason, we recommend insuring the goods for their full value. Returns must be sent on a C.I.F. basis (PREPAID) to the address stated on the authorisation as specified by the R.V.R. Service Manager. Units returned without a return authorisation may be rejected and sent back to the sender.
4. Be sure to include a detailed report mentioning all problems you have found and copy of your original invoice (to show when the warranty period began) with the shipment. Please send spare and warranty replacement parts orders to the address provided below. Make sure to specify equipment model and serial number, as well as part description and quantity.
   • R.V.R. Elettronica SpA
   • Via del Fonditore, 2/2c 40138 BOLOGNA ITALY
   • Tel. +39 051 6010506

First Aid

All personnel engaged in equipment installation, operation and maintenance must be familiar with first aid procedures and routines.

Electric shock treatment

If the victim is unconscious

Follow the first aid procedures outlined below.

• Lay the victim down on his/her back on a firm surface.
• the neck and tilt the head backwards to free the airway system (Figure 1).
• If needed, open the victim’s mouth and check for breathing.
• If there is no breathing, start artificial respiration without delay (Figure 2) as follows: tilt the head backwards, pinch the nostrils, seal your mouth around the victim’s mouth and give four fast rescue breaths.
• Check for heartbeat (Figure 3); if there is no heartbeat, begin chest compressions immediately (Figure 4) placing your hands in the centre of the victim’s chest (Figure 5).
• One rescuer: give 2 quick rescue breaths after each 15 compressions.
• Two rescuers: one rescue breath after each 5 compressions.
• Do not stop chest compressions while giving artificial breathing.
• Call for medical help as soon as possible.

If the victim is conscious

• Cover victim with a blanket.
• Try to reassure the victim.
• Loosen the victim’s clothing and have him/her lie down.
• Call for medical help as soon as possible.

Treatment of electric burns

Large burns and broken skin

• Cover affected area with a clean cloth or linen.
• Do not break any blisters that have formed; remove any clothing or fabric that is stuck to the skin; apply adequate ointment.
• Administer adequate treatment for the type of accident.
• Get the victim to a hospital as quickly as possible.
• Elevate arms and legs if injured.

If medical help is not available within an hour, the victim is conscious and is not retching, administer a solution of table salt and baking soda (one teaspoon of table salt to half teaspoon of baking soda every 250 ml of water). Have the victim slowly drink half a glass of solution for four times during a period of 15 minutes. Stop at the first sign of retching. Do not administer alcoholic beverages.

Minor burns

• Apply cold (not ice cold) strips of gauze or dress wound with clean cloth.
• Do not break any blisters that have formed; remove any clothing or fabric that is stuck to the skin; apply adequate ointment.
• If needed, have the victim change into clean, dry clothing.
• Administer adequate treatment for the type of accident.
• Get the victim to a hospital as quickly as possible.
• Elevate arms and legs if injured.

Unpacking

The package contains:

• 1 TEX500-LCD or TEX1000LIGHT
• 1 User Manual
• 1 Mains power cable

The following accessories are also available from Your R.V.R. Dealer:

• Accessories, spare parts and cables

General Description

TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT are compact FM transmitters manufactured by R.V.R. Elettronica SpA for audio radio broadcasting in the 87.5 to 108 MHz band in 10kHz steps, featuring adjustable RF output up to 500 and 1000 W, respectively, under 50 Ohm standard load. TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT have been designed for installation in a 3HE box for 19” rack.

These transmitters incorporate a low-pass filter to keep harmonics below the limits provided for by international standards (CCIR, FCC or ETSI) and can be connected directly to the antenna. Two major features of TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT are compact design and user-friendliness. Design is based on a modular concept: the different functions are performed by modules that, for the most part, are connected through male and female connectors or through flat cables terminated by connectors. This design facilitates maintenance and module replacement. The RF power section of TEX500-LCD uses two MOSFET modules delivering up to 300W output power each, whereas TEX1000LIGHT features three MOSFET modules with up to 350 W output power each.

Operating frequency stability is ensured by a temperature-compensated reference oscillator and is maintained by a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) system. The transmitters will go into frequency lock within 30 seconds after power-on. TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT can operate throughout the frequency bank with no need for calibration or set-up. An LCD on the front panel and a push-button board provide for user interfacing with the microprocessor control system, which offers the following features:

• Output power setup.
• Operating frequency setup.
• Power output enable/disable.
• Power Good feature (User-selectable output power alarm threshold).
• Measurement and display of transmitter operating parameters.
• Communication with external devices such as programming or telemetry systems via RS232 serial interface or I2C.

Four LEDs on the front panel provide the following status indications: ON, LOCK, FOLDBACK and RF MUTE; two yellow LEDs indicate power supply unit malfunction. The exciter management firmware is based on a menu system. User has four navigation buttons available to browse submenus: ESC (Sect.6.1 – [6]) and ENTER (sect. 6.1 – [9]).

The rear panel features the mains input connectors with a mains voltage switch (see Sect. 6.2 – [30]) to select the appropriate mains input voltage, as well as audio input connectors and RF output connector, telemetry connector, protection fuses and two inputs for signals modulated onto subcarriers by suitable external coders, such as RDS (Radio Data System) signals commonly used in Europe.

Installation and configuration procedure

This section provides a step-by-step description of equipment installation and configuration procedure. Follow these procedures closely upon first power-on and each time any change is made to general configuration, such as when a new transmission station is added or the equipment is replaced.

Once the desired configuration has been set up, no more settings are required for normal operation; at each power-up (even after an accidental shutdown), the equipment defaults to the parameters set during the initial configuration procedure. The topics covered in this section are discussed at greater length in the next sections, with detailed descriptions of all hardware and firmware features and capabilities. Please see the relevant sections for additional details.

IMPORTANT: When configuring and testing the transmitter in which the equipment is integrated, be sure to have the Final Test Table supplied with the equipment ready at hand throughout the whole procedure; the Final Test Table lists all operating parameters as set and tested at the factory.

Preparation

Preliminary checks

Unpack the exciter and immediately inspect it for transport damage. Ensure that all connectors are in perfect condition. Provide for the following (applicable to operating tests and putting into service)

• Single-phase 230 VAC or 115 VAC (-15% / +10%) mains power supply with adequate earth connection
• For operating tests only: dummy load with 50 Ohm impedance and adequate capacity (500W for TEX500-LCD or 1000W for TEX1000LIGHT as a minimum)
• Connection cable kit including:
  • Mains power cable
  • Coaxial cable with BNC connectors for interlock signal connection
  • RF cable for output to load / antenna (50 Ohm coaxial cable with N-type connector for TEX500-LCD or standard 7/8” connector for TEX1000LIGHT)
  • Audio cables between transmitter and audio sources.

Mains power supply

_ WARNING: _Disconnect mains power supply before beginning these procedures.

Both power supply units (please see section 8.1 for a detailed description) are equipped with fuses and voltage selection blocks; check all fuses and voltage selection blocks to ensure their are properly rated for the power mains and change them as required to match mains voltage. All mains power supply protection fuses are conveniently located on the rear panel and are easily accessed (see figure 6.2): to check or replace a fuse, disconnect equipment from power mains, unscrew fuse cover and pull fuse out of socket.

The following fuses are used:

| TEX500- LCD

@ 230 Vac/115 Vac

| TEX1000LIGHT

@ 230 Vac/115 Vac

---|---|---
Main power supply

(fig. 6.2 – items [20] and [35])

|

(2x) 16A type 10×38

|

(2x) 25A type 10×38

Service power supply

( fig. 6.2 – item [32])

|

(1x) 1A type 5×20

|

(1x) 2A type 5×20

Ensure that the equipment is appropriately set for available mains voltage (supply voltage rating is reported in the Final Test Table) as follows: disconnect equipment from mains and ensure that the voltage selection block of the power supply located on the rear panel (see fig. 6.2 – item [30]) is set to the appropriate voltage; change setting as required.

The main power supply unit is the full-range type and requires no voltage setup. When supply voltage is other than 230 Vac and might cause erratic operation (say, less than 200 Vac), it may help to move jumper JP3 on the PFC controller board from position 2-3 to 1-2 (see PFCPSL1000 diagram, item [6] in figures 9.1 and 9.3 and detail in figure 5.1 below).

Connections

• Connect the RF output of the transmitter (see figure 6.2 – note [21]) to the antenna cable or a dummy load capable of dissipating amplifier output power. To begin with, set exciter to minimum output power and switch it off.
• Connect the transmitter INTERLOCK IN input (figure 6.2 – note [24]) to the matching INTERLOCK OUT output fitted on R.V.R. Elettronica equipment to act as hybrid couplers. If your equipment is a different brand, identify an equivalent output.

WARNING: Electric shock hazard! Never handle the RF output connector when the equipment is powered on and no load is connected. Injury or death may result.

• Ensure that the POWER switch on the front panel (see figure 6.1 – note [11]) is set to “OFF”.
• Connect the mains power cable to the MAINS connector on the rear panel (see figure 6.2 – note [19]).

Note: The mains must be equipped with adequate earth connection properly connected to the equipment. This is a pre-requisite for ensuring operator safety and correct operation.

WARNING: The power supply connector is a terminal box. Ensure that the wire is not live before performing the connection.

• Connect the audio and RDS/SCA signals from user’s sources to the transmitter input connectors.

First power-on and setup

• Perform this procedure upon first power-up and each time you make changes to the configuration of the transmitter this component is integrated into.

Note: Standard factory settings are RF output power off (Pwr OFF) and regulated output power set to upper limit (unless otherwise specified by customer).

Power-on

• When you have performed all of the connections described in the previous paragraph, power on the exciter using the suitable power switch on the front panel (figure 6.1 – item [11]).

Power check

• Ensure that the ON LED turns on (see figure 6.1 – note [1]). Equipment name should appear briefly on the display, followed by forward power and modulation readings (figure 5.2 – menu 1). If the RF output is disabled, those readings will be zero.
• When the PLL locks to operating frequency, the LOCK LED will turn on (see figure 6.1 – note [2]).

How to enable the RF output

Check output power level and set it to maximum level (unless it has already been set) from the Power Setup menu that you will have accessed by pressing the following sequence of key: ESC (opens Default Menu) ⇒ ENTER (hold down for 2 seconds) ⇒ SET ⇒ use keys to set bar to upper limit (figure 5.2 – menu 2).

Output power level control

IMPORTANT: The exciter incorporates Automatic Gain Control (AGC) and output power is modulated based on the power level set by the user and actual operating conditions, such as temperature, reflected power and other parameters. Please read section 5.3 for more details of RF power modulation.

Access the Power Setup Menu (figure 5.2 – menu 2) pressing the following keys in the order:

• ESC (opens Default Menu) ⇒ ENTER (hold down for 2 seconds)

Use the keys in the SET menu to set exciter output power; the setting bar at the side of SET provides a graphic indication of power setting; please consider that the forward power readout provided on the display (FWD: xxxx W) reflects actual output power reading, which may be lower than regulated power supply when Automatic Gain Control is running in power supply limitation mode (please read section 5.3 about RF power supply modulation for more details).

Note: Output power may be set using the Pwr OFF control. In this condition, the output power readout (Fwd) on the display will read 0 (zero); the SET bar will reflect any adjustments you make using the keys and provides a graphic indication of how much power supply will be delivered the moment you return to Pwr On state.

Changing the Power Good alarm threshold

• Change Forward Power Good alarm setting PgD from the Fnc menu as desired (factory setting is 50%).
• Please read section 5.4.1 for more details.

Setting equipment I2C address

• Change the IIC address in the MIX (Miscellaneous) menu as desired (factory setting is 01).
• Please read section 5.4.1 for more details.

Adjustments and calibration

The only manual adjustments are the level adjustments and the audio mode adjustment. The rear panel holds the trimmers for all exciter inputs. Trimmer identification is printed on the rear panel. Input sensitivity can be set within the limits set out in the tables below through the trimmers:

Input sensitivity in Mono mode:

Input sensitivity in Stereo mode:

When setting input sensitivity, please consider that the default menu reports instantaneous modulation level and an indicator provides a 75 kHz reading. To ensure correct adjustment, apply a signal with the same level as user’s audio broadcast maximum level and then adjust using the trimmer until instantaneous deviation matches the 75 kHz reading. To set subcarrier input levels, you may use the same procedure and option “x10” available in the Fnc menu. With this option, modulation level is multiplied by a factor of 10, which means that default menu bar meter reflects a 7.5 kHz deviation. A special menu with separate indications of Left and Right channel levels and relating indicators of nominal levels for maximum deviation (75 kHz) is provided.

• Preemphasis (switch [8] Figure 6.2):
• L and R (XLR type) input impedance (switch [9] Figure 6.2):
  • Switch 1: R XLR input impedance, ON = 600 W, OFF = 10 kW
  • Switch 2: L XLR input impedance, ON = 600 W, OFF = 10 kW
• • MPX input operation mode/impedance (switch [18] Figure 6.2):
  • Switch 1: Mode of operation ON = Mono, OFF = Stereo
  • Switch 2: MPX input impedance, ON = 50 W, OFF = 10 kW

Operation

NOTE: For better clarity, only the typical screens of TEX1000LIGHT are reported below. TEX500-LCD screens look the same except that full scale values are different.

1. Power on the exciter (sect. 6.1 – [11]) and ensure that the ON light turns on (section 6.1 – note [1]). Equipment name should appear briefly on the display, quickly followed by modulation and forward power readings (Menu 1), provided that the exciter is delivering output power.
2. To modify power level setting, hold down the ENTER button until opening the power setup menu. The edit screen will look like this:
3. Next to SET indication, a bar provides a graphic display of preset output power. The filled portion of the bar is proportional to set power level.
   Example| |
   ---|---|---

100% output power

|

Full bar

| @ 1000W output (mod.TEX1000LIGHT)

@ 500W output (mod.TEX500-LCD)

50% output power

|

Half-full bar

| @ 500W output (mod.TEX1000LIGHT)

@ 250W output (mod.TEX500-LCD)

25% output power

|

Quarter-full bar

| @ 250W output (mod.TEX1000LIGHT)

@ 125W output (mod.TEX500-LCD)

3. The bottom line provides instantaneous power reading (997W for TEX1000LIGHT shown here); press button to increase level, press to decrease it. When you have achieved the desired level, press ENTER to confirm and exit the default menu. Please note that the setting is stored automatically; in other words, if you press ESC or do not press any keys before the preset time times out, the latest power level set will be retained.
4.  **NOTE:** This feature prevents the equipment from delivering maximum power as soon as output is enabled from menu 4, or in the event the equipment is already set to ON when you energise it.

2. Ensure that the equipment is not in a locked-out state. Press ESC (sect. 6.1 – [6]) to call up the selection screen (menu 3). Highlight Fnc and press ENTER to confirm (sect. 6.1 – [9]) and access the selected menu (menu 4). If PWR is set to OFF, i.e. power output is disabled, move cursor to PWR. Press ENTER (sect. 6.1 – [9]) and label will switch to ON, i.e. power output is enabled. Press ESC (sect. 6.1 – [6]) twice to go back to the default menu (menu 1).
3. Fine tune power setting from menu 2 (see description of item 1b) until achieving the desired value.
   • WARNING: Equipment is capable of delivering more than rated output power (500W for TEX500-LCD or 1000 W for TEX1000LIGHT); however, never exceed the specified power rating.
   • NOTE: If power is set to 0 W in the Power Setup Menu, the INTERLOCK OUT contact (sect. 6.2 – [22]) is activated and any external appliances connected to it are immediately inhibited.

Next, you can review all operating parameters of the equipment through the management firmware.
Normally, the equipment can run unattended. Any alarm condition is handled automatically by the safety system or is signalled by the LED indicators on the panel or by display messages.

NOTE: Standard factory settings are output power set to upper limit (unless otherwise specified by customer) and OFF.

Management Firmware

The equipment features an LCD with two lines by 16 characters that displays a set of menus. Figure 5.2 below provides an overview of equipment menus.

The symbols listed below appear in the left portion of the display as appropriate:

• – (Cursor) – Highlights selected (i.e. accessible) menu.
• (Filled arrow) – Editable parameter marker. This symbol appears in menus that take up more than two lines to aid browsing.
• (Three empty arrows) – Parameter is being edited.
• (Empty arrow) – Current line marker; the parameter in this line cannot be edited. This symbol appears in menus that take up more than two lines to aid browsing.

When the display is off, touching any key will turn on backlighting. When the display is on, pressing the ESC button (sect. 6.1 – [6]) from the default menu (menu 1) calls up the selection screen (menu 3), which gives access to all other menus:

If the temperature alarm is enabled and the alarm threshold is exceeded, the following screen will be displayed (only if you are in the default screen):

As soon as operating conditions are restored, power output is re-enabled with the same settings in use prior to the alarm condition. Under 20kHz, no modulation occurs. After a preset time of about 5 minutes (not editable), a NO AUDIO condition is indicated in the main screen, but power is not inhibited.

To gain access to a submenu, select menu name (name is highlighted by cursor) using button or and press the ENTER button (sect. 6.1 – [9]). To return to the default menu (menu 1), simply press ESC again (sect. 6.1 – [6]).

Operation Menu (Fnc)

In this menu, you can toggle exciter power output On/Off, set deviation display mode and the threshold rate for Forward (PgD) or Reflected (PgR) Power Good.

To edit an item, highlight the appropriate line using the and buttons and then press and hold the ENTER button (sect. 6.1 – [9]) until the command is accepted. This way, Pwr setting is toggled between On and Off and Mod setting is toggled between “x1” and “x10”. To edit the Power Good rate, simply select item “PgD” or “PgR” and edit its value using the UP and DOWN buttons; finally, press ENTER to confirm (sect. 6.1 – [9]).

• Pwr: Enables (ON) or disables (OFF) exciter power output.
• Mod: Modifies modulation display (toggles between “x1” and “x10”). In “x10” mode, instantaneous deviation indication is multiplied by a factor of 10, and the bar meter on the default menu will reflect 7.5 kHz instead of 75 kHz. This display mode is convenient when you wish to display low deviation levels, such as those caused by pilot tone or subcarriers.
• PgD: Modifies Power Good threshold for forward power. The Power Good rate is a percent of equipment rated power (500W for TEX500-LCD and 1000 W for TEX1000LIGHT), not of forward output power. This means that this threshold set at 50% will give 250 W and 500 W, respectively, regardless of set power level. The Power Good feature enables output power control and reporting. When output power drops below set Power Good threshold, the equipment changes the state of pin [7] of the DB15 “Remote” connector located on the rear panel (figure 6.2 – [28]).
• PgR: Modifies Power Good threshold for reflected power. The Power Good rate is a percent of equipment rated power (50W for TEX500-LCD and 100 W for TEX1000LIGHT), not of reflected output power. This means that this threshold set at 2.5% and 5%, respectively, will give 5W regardless of set power level. The Power Good feature enables output power control and alarm management.3

NOTE: This alarm does not trip any contacts in the DB15 “Remote” connector and is only available in systems equipped with telemetry.

Power Menu (Pwr)

This screen holds all readings related to equipment output power:

• Fwd: Forward power reading.
• Rfl: Reflected power reading.

Note that these are readings, rather than settings, and cannot be edited (note the empty triangle). To change power setting, go to the default menu as outlined earlier.

Power Amplifier (P.A) Menu

This screen is made up of four lines that can be scrolled using the and buttons and shows the readings relating to final power stage:

Note that these are readings, rather than settings, and cannot be edited (note the empty arrow).

• VPA: Voltage supplied by amplifier module.
• IPA : Current draw of amplifier module.
• Eff: Efficiency based on ratio of forward power to amplifier module power, in percent ( FWD PWR/(Vpa x Ipa) % ).
• Tmp: Equipment internal temperature reading.

Setup Menu (Set)

This menu lets you view and set operating frequency.

F1: Operating frequency setup. Set a new frequency value and then press the ENTER button to confirm your selection; the exciter unlocks from current frequency (the LOCK LED turns off) and will lock to the new operating frequency (LOCK turns back on again). If you press ESC or let the preset time time out, the previous frequency setting is retained.

Miscellaneous Menu (Mix)

This menu lets you set equipment address in an I2C bus serial connection:

IIC: I2C address setting. The I2C network address becomes significant when the exciter is connected in an RVR transmission system that uses this protocol. Do not change it unless strictly required.

Version Menu (Vrs)

This screen holds equipment version/release information:

Note that these are readings, rather than settings, and cannot be edited (note the empty arrow)

• Rel: Firmware release information.
• Dat: Release date.
• Tab: Shows table loaded in the memory.

Channels Menu (L &R)

Right and left channel input levels are displayed as horizontal bars as shown in the figure below. The bar meter reflects the level corresponding to a 100% deviation for each channel and provides a convenient reference when setting audio channel input levels.

• L: Left channel Vmeter.
• R: Right channel Vmeter

Optional functions

A range of options is available for the product to add certain functions and/or modify existing functions. Outlined below are the functions available at the moment, which must be specified on order.

FSK option

The FSK function generates periodic carrier frequency shifts to generate a Morsecoded station ID code.

NOTE: This function is typically used in the USA.

The factory setting for frequency shift amplitude is +10KHz and code repetition period is 60 minutes (please contact R.V.R. Elettronica if you need different settings), whereas station identified may be programmed by the user following the indications provided in section 5.5.1.1.

When the FSK option is fitted, an FSK submenu is added to the selection menu.

Press the ENTER key when FSK is highlighted in the selection menu to access the FSK submenu:

• FSK: Enables / disables FSK code transmission.
• Cod: Shows the Morse code sent normally.

Changing the ID code

User may change the FSK code used as a station identifier at any time. This procedure requires:

• 1 RS232 male-female cable;
• Hyper Terminal interface (make sure it has been installed together with Windows®) or equivalent serial communication software

A brief description of the procedure is provided below:

• Connect the PC serial port COM to the SERVICE connector on the rear panel of TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT using a standard Male DB9 – Female DB9 serial cable.
• Power on the exciter;
• Launch the serial communication software;
• Set communication parameters as follows:
  • Baud Rate: 19200
  • Data Bit: 8
  • Parity: None
  • Stop Bit: 1
  • Flow control: None;
• Activate Caps-Lock through the communication software and send string CODE followed by the 6-character station ID code followed by Enter.

_ NOTE: _To be treated as valid, the code must be made up of 6 alphanumeric characters and must contain no blank spaces; if acknowledged as valid, code isechoed back to the terminal, illegal codes are not echoed.

Power UP/DOWN Option

The Power UP/DOWN option modifies the signal receive function for the signals present at the telemetry connector (see sect. 6.3.5). RF section on / off control signals are treated as control signals for RF output power level to allow for UP/DOWN setting. The UP or DOWN command is provided by switching the corresponding signal at the connector to ground for at least 500mS (pin features internal pull-up to power supply).

Configuration of DB15F telemetry connector (Remote):

Front and Rear Panel Description

This section describes the components found on the front and rear panel of TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT.

Front Panel

1. ON: Green LED – Turns on when amplifier is powered on.
2. LOCK: Green LED verde – Turns on when PLL is locked to operating frequency.
3. FOLDBACK: Yellow LED – Turns on when foldback current limiting (Automatic Gain Control) kicks in.
4. R.F. MUTE: Yellow LED – Turns on when exciter power output is inhibited by an external interlock signal.
5. CONTRAST: Display contrast trimmer.
6. ESC: Press this button to exit a menu.
7. : Navigation button used to browse menu system and edit parameters.
8. : Navigation button used to browse menu system and edit parameters.
9. ENTER: Press this button to confirm a modified parameter and open a menu.
10. DISPLAY: Liquid Crystal Display.
11. POWER: ON/OFF key.
12. AIR FLOW: Air grille.
13. ALARMS PS1: Yellow LED – Turns on when Power Supply unit is not fed either because “PWR OFF” was selected via software, or power is set to 0 W, or due to Power Supply malfunction (when this LED turns on, it causes the ALARM PS2 LED to come on as well, because the two LEDs are connected internally).
14. ALARMS PS2: Yellow LED, see item [13]

Rear Panel

1. R.F. TEST: Output with level -60 dB lower than output power level, suitable for modulation monitoring. Not suitable for spectrum analysis.
2. GSM SLOT-IN: Reserved for future implementations.
3. GSM ANT: Reserved for future implementations.
4. AIR FLOW: Air grille.
5. 10MHz: Reserved for future implementations.
6. PHASE ADJ: Pilot tone phase trimmer.
7. 19 kHz PILOT OUT: Tone output BNC connector, may be used to synchronise external devices such as RDS coders.
8. PREEMPHASIS: Preemphasis dip-switch, provides two settings: 50 or 75 μs. Preemphasis affects the right and left inputs in stereo mode and the mono input. MPX inputs are not affected by preemphasis setting.
9. MODE/MPX IMP: Dip-switch used to select transmission mode (STEREO or MONO) and MPX input impedance (50 Ω or 10 kΩ).
10. SCA2: BNC connector for SCA2 input.
11. SCA1: BNC connector for SCA1 input.
12. MPX: Unbalanced MPX input BNC connector.
13. SCA2 ADJ: Trimmer for SCA2 input level adjustment.
14. MPX ADJ: Trimmer for MPX input level adjustment.
15. SCA1 ADJ: Trimmer for SCA1 input level adjustment.
16. RIGHT ADJ: Trimmer for right input level adjustment.
17. RIGHT: Right audio channel input XLR connector.
18. IMPEDANCE: Dip-switch used to select balanced audio input impedance (600 Ω or 10 kΩ).
19. MAINS: Connectors for 115-230 V 50-60 Hz mains power supply.
20. FUSE 1: Mains power supply fuse [sect. 5.1 – Table 1.]
21. R.F. OUTPUT: RF output connector, N-type for TEX500-LCD and 7/8” for TEX1000LIGHT.
22. INTERLOCK OUT: Interlock output BNC connector: when the transmitter goes into stand-by mode, the (normally floating) central conductor is switched to ground.
23. SERVICE: DB9 connector for factory setting.
24. INTERLOCK IN: Interlock input BNC connector: the exciter is forced in stand-by mode when the inner conductor is grounded.
25. MODEM: Reserved for future implementations.
26. FWD EXT. AGC: Trimmer to set output power limitation according to FWD fold input (sect. 6.3.5 – [2]).
27. RFL EXT. AGC: Trimmer to set output power limitation according to RFL fold input (sect. 6.3.5 – [10]).
28. REMOTE: DB15 telemetry connector.
29. RS232: Reserved for future implementations.
30. SERVICE VOLTAGE SEL.: 115-230V mains voltage selector.
31. I2C BUS: DB9 connector for I2C bus network.
32. SERVICE FUSE: Service fuse (sect. 5.1 – Table [1]).
33. LEFT ADJ: Trimmer for left input level adjustment.
34. LEFT: Left audio channel input XLR connector.
35. FUSE 2: Mains power supply fuse (sect. 5.1 – Table 1]).

Connector Pinouts

RS232

Type: Female DB9

1. NC
2. SDA
3. SCL
4. NC
5. GND
6. NC
7. NC
8. NC
9. NC

Service (for factory setting)

Type: Female DB9

1. NC
2. TX_D
3. RX_D
4. Internally connected to 6
5. GND
6. Internally connected to 4
7. Internally connected to 8
8. Internally connected to 7
9. NC

I2C Bus

Type: Male DB9

1. NC
2. TX_D
3. RX_D
4. Internally connected to 6
5. GND
6. Internally connected to 4
7. Internally connected to 8
8. Internally connected to 7
9. NC

Left (MONO) / Right

Type: Female XLR

1. GND
2. Positive
3. Negative

Remote

Type: Female DB15

Pin /Name /Type /Purpose

1. Interlock /IN /Inhibits power if closed to GND
2. Ext AGC FWD/ IN /Ext. signal,1-12V, for limitation (AGC)
3. GND /Ground
4. SDA IIC/ I/O /Serial data for IIC communication
5. VPA Tlm /ANL OUT /PA supply voltage: 3.9V F.S.
6. FWD Tlm /ANL OUT /Forward power: 3.9V F.S.
7. Power Good /DIG OUT /Indicates activation by switching the normally-open contact to ground (sect. 5.4.1).
8. GND /Ground
9. GND /Ground
10. Ext AGC RFL /IN /Ext. signal,1-12V, for limitation (AGC)
11. SCL IIC/ I/O /Clock for IIC communication
12. IPA Tlm /ANL OUT /PA supply current: 3.9V F.S.
13. RFL Tlm /ANL OUT /Reflected power: 3.9V F.S.
14. On cmd /DIG IN /A pulse towards ground (500 ms) triggers power output
15. OFF cmd /DIG IN /A pulse towards ground (500 ms) inhibits power output

Technical Specifications

| | | TEX 500PFC| TEX 500REC| TEX 1000 LIGHT|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
Parameters| Conditions| U.M.| Value| Value| Value| Notes
GENERA| LS
Frequency range| | MHz| 87.5 ÷ 108| 87.5 ÷ 108| 87.5 ÷ 108|
Rated output power| | W| 500| 500| 1000| Continuously variable by software from 0 to maximum
Modulation type| | | Direct carrier frequency modulation| Direct carrier frequency modulation| Direct carrier frequency modulation|
Operational Mode| | | Mono, Stereo, Multiplex| Mono, Stereo, Multiplex| Mono, Stereo, Multiplex|
AC Supply Voltage DC Supply Voltage

AC Apparent Power Consumption

Active Power Consumption

| Mains input voltage range| VAC| 115 / 230 ±15%| 115 / 230 ±15%| 115 / 230 ±15%| (*) Full range (**) Internal switch
Backup Input Voltage| VDC| | | |
| VA| 940| 1400| 1650|
| W| 920| 860| 1630|
Input device| | | 4 pushbutton| 4 pushbutton| 4 pushbutton|
Display| | | Alphanumerical LCD – 2 x 16| Alphanumerical LCD – 2 x 16| Alphanumerical LCD – 2 x 16|

Phisical Dimensions

| Front panel width| mm| 483| 483| 483| 19″ EIA rack
Front panel height| HE| 3| 3| 3|
Overall depth| mm| 520| 520| 520|
Ambient working temperature| | °C| -10 to + 50| -10 to + 50| -10 to + 50| Whithout condensing
Frequency programmability| | | From software, with 10 kHz steps| From software, with 10 kHz steps| From software, with 10 kHz steps|
Frequency stability| WT from -10°C to 50°C| ppm| ±1| ±1| ±1|
Modulation capability| | kHz| 150 Stereo, 180 Mono/MPX| 150 Stereo, 180 Mono/MPX| 150 Stereo, 180 Mono/MPX| Meets or exceeds all FCC and CCIR rules
Pre-emphasis mode| |  S| 0, 50 (CCIR), 75 (FCC)| 0, 50 (CCIR), 75 (FCC)| 0, 50 (CCIR), 75 (FCC)| selectable by rear panel dip switches
Spurious & harmonic suppression| | dBc| <75 (80 typical)| <75 (80 typical)| <75 (80 typical)| Meets or exceeds all FCC and CCIR rules
Asynchronous AM S/N ratio| Referred to 100% AM, with no de-emphasis| dB|  65 (typical 70)|  65 (typical 70)|  65 (typical 70)|
Synchronous AM S/N ratio| Referred to 100% AM, FM deviation 75 kHz by 400Hz sine,

without de-emphasis

| dB|  50 (typical 60)|  50 (typical 60)|  50 (typical 60)|
MONO OPERATION

S/N FM Ratio

| RMS @ ± 75 kHz peak, HPF 20Hz – LPF 23 kHz, 50 S de-

emphasis

| dB| > 80 (typical 85)| > 80 (typical 85)| > 80 (typical 83)|
Qpk @ ± 75 kHz peak, CCIR weighted, 50 S de-emphasis| dB| >73| >73| >72|
Qpk @ ± 40 kHz peak, CCIR weighted, 50 S de-emphasis| dB| >68| >68| >68|
Frequency Response| 30Hz ÷ 15kHz| dB| better than ± 0.5 dB (typical ± 0.2)| better than ± 0.5 dB (typical ± 0.2)| better than ± 0.5 dB (typical ± 0.2)|
Total Harmonic Distortion| THD+N 30Hz ÷ 15kHz| %| < 0.1 (Typical 0.07%)| < 0.1 (Typical 0.07%)| < 0.1 (Typical 0.07%)|
Intermodulation distortion| Measured with a 1 KHz and 1.3 KHz tones, 1:1ratio, at FM 75

kHz

| %| < 0.02| < 0.02| < 0.02|
Transient intermodulation distortion| Measured with a 3.18 kHz square wave and a 15 kHz sine wave

at 75 kHz FM

| %| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)|
MPX OPERATION
Composite S/N FM Ratio| RMS @ ± 75 kHz peak, HPF 20Hz – no LPF, 50 S de- emphasis| dB| > 80 (typical 85)| > 80 (typical 85)| > 80 (typical 83)|
Frequency Response| 30Hz ÷ 53kHz| dB| ± 0.2| ± 0.2| ± 0.2|
53kHz ÷ 100kHz| dB| ± 0.5| ± 0.5| ± 0.5|
Total Harmonic Distortion| THD+N 30Hz ÷ 53kHz| %| < 0.1| < 0.1| < 0.1|
THD+N 53kHz ÷ 100kHz| %| < 0.15| < 0.15| < 0.15|
Intermodulation distortion| Measured with a 1 KHz and 1.3 KHz tones, 1:1, modulation at

FM 75 kHz

| %| < 0.05| < 0.05| < 0.05|
Transient intermodulation distortion| Measured with a 3.18 kHz square wave and a 15 kHz sine wave

at 75 kHz FM

| %| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)|
Stereo separation| 30Hz ÷ 53kHz| dB| > 50 dB (typical 60)| > 50 dB (typical 60)| > 50 dB (typical 60)|
STEREO OPERATION

Stereo S/N FM Ratio

| RMS @ ± 75 kHz peak, HPF 20Hz – LPF 23 kHz, 50 S de-

emphasis, L & R demodulated

| dB| > 75 (78 typical)| > 75 (78 typical)| > 75 (76 typical)|
Qpk @ ± 75 kHz peak, CCIR weighted, 50 S de-emphasis, L & R

demodulated

| dB| > 65 dB| > 65 dB| > 65 dB|
Qpk @ ± 40 kHz peak, CCIR weighted, 50 S de-emphasis, L & R

demodulated

| dB| > 58 dB| > 58 dB| > 58 dB|
Frequency Response| 30Hz ÷ 15kHz| dB| ± 0.5| ± 0.5| ± 0.5|
Total Harmonic Distortion| THD+N 30Hz ÷ 15kHz| %| < 0.05| < 0.05| < 0.05|
Intermodulation distortion| Measured with 1 KHz and 1.3 KHz tones, 1:1 ratio, modulation at

FM 75 kHz

| %|  0.03|  0.03|  0.03|
Transient intermodulation distortion| Measured with a 3.18 kHz square wave and a 15 kHz sine wave

at 75 kHz FM

| %| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)| < 0.1 (typical 0.05)|
Stereo separation| | dB| > 50 (typical 55)| > 50 (typical 55)| > 50 (typical 55)|
Main / Sub Ratio| 30Hz ÷ 15kHz| dB| > 40 (typical 45)| > 40 (typical 45)| > 40 (typical 45)|
SCA OPERATION
Frequency response| 40kHz ÷ 100kHz| dB| ± 0.5| ± 0.5| ± 0.5|

Crosstalk to main or to stereo channel

| RMS, ref @ ± 75 kHz peak, no HPF/LPF, 0 S de-emphasis, with

67 kHz tone on SCA input @ 7,5kHz FM deviation

| dB| > 75 (typical 78 )| > 75 (typical 78 )| > 75 (typical 78 )|
RMS, ref @ ± 75 kHz peak, no HPF/LPF, 0 S de-emphasis, with

92 kHz tone on SCA input @ 7,5kHz FM deviation

| dB| > 78 (typical 80 )| > 78 (typical 80 )| > 78 (typical 80 )|
AUDIO INPUTS

Left

| Connector| | XLR F| XLR F| XLR F|
Type| | balanced or externally unbalanced| balanced or externally unbalanced| balanced or externally unbalanced|
Impedance| Ohm| 10 k or 600| 10 k or 600| 10 k or 600| Selectable by rear panel dip switches

Input Level /Adjust

| dBu| -13 to +13| -13 to +13| -13 to +13| continuosly variable
dB| | | |
dB| | | |

Right

| Connector| | XLR F| XLR F| XLR F|
Type| | balanced or externally unbalanced| balanced or externally unbalanced| balanced or externally unbalanced|
Impedance| Ohm| 10 k or 600| 10 k or 600| 10 k or 600| Selectable by rear panel dip switches

Input Level

| dBu| -13 to +13| -13 to +13| -13 to +13| continuosly variable
dB| | | |
dB| | | |

MPX

| Connector| | BNC| BNC| BNC|
Type| | unbalanced| unbalanced| unbalanced|
Impedance| Ohm| 10 k or 50| 10 k or 50| 10 k or 50| Selectable by rear panel dip switches

Input Level / Adjust

| dBu| -13 to +13| -13 to +13| *-13 to +13| for 75 KHz FM, externally adjustable
dB| | | |
dB| | | |

SCA/RDS

| Connector| | 2 x BNC| 2 x BNC| 2 x BNC|
Type| | unbalanced| unbalanced| unbalanced|
Impedance| Ohm| 10 k| 10 k| 10 k|

Input Level / Adjust

| dBu| -8 to +13| -8 to +13| *-8 to +13| for 7,5 KHz FM, externally adjustable
dB| | | |
dB| | | |
OUTPUTS
RF Output| Connector| | N type| N type| 7/8″flange type|
Impedance| Ohm| 50| 50| 50|

RF Monitor

| Connector| | BNC| BNC| BNC|
Impedance| Ohm| 50| 50| 50|
Output Level| dBm| 10| 10| 10| *+/- 3 dBm Referred to the RF output

Pilot output

| Connector| | BNC| BNC| BNC| For RDS and isofrequency synchronizing purpose
Impedance| Ohm| >5 k| >5 k| >5 k|
Output Level| Vpp| 1| 1| 1|

MPX Monitor

| Connector| | | | |
Impedance| Ohm| | | |
Output Level| dBu| | | |
AUXILIARY CONNECTIONS
Interlock| Connector| | 2 x BNC| 2 x BNC| 2 x BNC| Input and output for remote power inhibition (short is RF

off)

Ext ref. 10 MHz| Connector| | SMA| SMA| SMA|
RS232 Serial Interface| Connector| | DB9 F ()| DB9 F ()| DB9 F (*)| () Only for firmware program (**) DCE for optional PC
Service| Connector| | DB9 F| DB9 F| DB9 F| Factory reserved for firmware program
I2Cbus| Connector| | DB9 F| DB9 F| DB9 F| I2Cbus communication for optional telemetry
Modem| Connector| | DB9 F| DB9 F| DB9 F| Optional telemetry modem RS232
RS485 Serial Interface| Connector| | | | |
Remote Interface| Connector| | DB15F| DB15F| DB15F| IIC + 5 analog / digital inputs, 5 analog / digital outputs
Telemetry Interface| Connector| | | | |
POWER REQUIREMENTS

AC Power Input

| AC Supply Voltage| VAC| 115 / 230 ±15%| 115 / 230 ±15%| 115 / 230 ±15%| (*) Full range (*) Internal switch
AC Apparent Power Consumption| VA| 940| 1400| 1650|
Active Power Consumption| W| 920| 860| 1630|
Power Factor| | 0,97| 0,61| 0,97|
Connector| | morsettiera| morsettiera| morsettiera|
DC Power Input| DC Supply Voltage| VDC| | | |
DC Current| ADC| | | | ()max 25W (**) max 140W
FUSES|
On Mains| | | 2 External fuse F 16 T – 10 x 38 mm| 2 External fuse F 16 T – 10 x 38 mm| 2 External fuse F 25 T – 10 x 38 mm|
On services| | | 1 External fuse F 1 T – 5×20 mm| 1 External fuse F 1 T – 5×20 mm| 1 External fuse F 2 T – 5×20 mm|
On PA Supply| | | 2 Internal fuses F 10 A 10 x 38 mm| 2 Internal fuses F 10 A 10 x 38 mm| 4 Internal fuses F 10 A 10 x 38 mm|
On Driver Supply| | | 1Internal fuse F 1 A 2 x 20 mm| 1Internal fuse F 1 A 2 x 20 mm| 1Internal fuse F 1 A 2 x 20 mm|
MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS

Phisical Dimensions

| Front panel width| mm| 483 (19″)| 483 (19″)| 483 (19″)| 19″ EIA rack
Front panel height| mm| 132 (xxx”) 3HE| 132 (xxx”)| 132 (xxx”)|
Overall depth| mm| 520| 520| 520|
Chassis depth| mm| 501 (xxx)| 501 (xxx)| 501 (xxx)|
Weigh| | kg| about 24| about 24| about 32|
OPTI| ONS
Input 10 MHz| | code| /10MHz| /10MHz| /10MHz|
Telemetry| | code| /TLM| /TLM| /TLM|
115 Vac| | code| | | /115 PFC|
| | code| | | |
| | code| | | |
| | code| | | |
T| | LE| M| ETRY / T| E| LE| CONTRO| L

Remote connector inputs

| Analogical level| | FWD fold| FWD fold| FWD fold| For P.A. A.G.C. purpose, min 0,5 Vcc
Analogical level| | REF fold| REF fold| REF fold| For P.A. A.G.C. purpose, min 0,5 Vcc
pulse| | RF ON| RF ON| RF ON|
pulse| | RF OFF| RF OFF| RF OFF|
ON/OFF level| | Interlock| Interlock| Interlock| for remote power inhibition (short is RF off)

Remote connector outputs

| Analogical level| | FWD| FWD| FWD| max 5 Vcc
Analogical level| | REF| REF| REF| max 5 Vcc
Analogical level| | VPA| VPA| VPA| max 5 Vcc
Analogical level| | IPA| IPA| IPA| max 5 Vcc
ON / OFF level| | Power Good| Power Good| Power Good| open collector
Remote connector others| | | I2Cbus| I2Cbus| I2Cbus|
TELEMETRY-TELECONTROL SW
Telecon| | | Yes, if /TLM option is present| Yes, if /TLM option is present| Yes, if /TLM option is present|
VARIOUS
Cooling| | | Forced, with internal fan| Forced, with internal fan| Forced, with internal fan|
Acoustic Noise| | dBA| <75| <75| <75|
STANDARD COMPLIANCE
Safety| | | EN60215:1989| EN60215:1989| EN60215:1989|
EMC| | | EN 301 489-11 V1, 2, 1| EN 301 489-11 V1, 2, 1| EN 301 489-11 V1, 2, 1|
Spectrum Optimization| | | ETS 300 447| ETS 300 447| ETS 300 447|

Operating principles

The figures below provide an overview of TEX500-LCD (fig. 8.1) and TEX1000LIGHT (fig. 8.2) modules and connections.

• Following is a brief description of the different module functions; all diagrams and board layout diagrams are included in the “Technical Schedule” Vol.2.

Power supply

TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT power supply sections are made up of a surge protection module and two power supply units:

1. Surge Protection module (see description in sect. 8.1.1): protects the equipment from possible voltage surge events and electric discharges in the power mains.
2. Power amplifier supply unit: provides adequate power supply for RF power amplifier modules. It is a switching power supply unit with PFC full range; for details of the PFC and converter modules, please see sections 8.1.2 and 8.1.3, respectively.
3. Service power supply unit: provides adequate power supply for all modules except RF power modules. Major components of this 50-Hz transformer-based power supply unit are:
   • Power switch
   • Service fuse
   • Mains voltage selector
   • Service transformer

NOTE: Please see section 5.1 for power supply unit settings.

Mains power supply pulse protection (SLSRGPRPJ1KM)

This module is enclosed in a sealed metal case (see figures 9.1 and 9.3 – item [8]); it features two externally mounted mains fuses (figure 6.2 – [20] and [35]) and accommodates a bank of surge arresters that protect the equipment from any surge events in the power mains.Mains voltage is brought from this module to the main Power switch on the front panel (figure 6.1 – [11]), which relays it to the service transformer TR1 (figures 9.2 and 9.4 – [4]).

Inside the surge protection module, a suitable 24VDC relay controlled via the interface board isolates (single line) mains voltage to be fed to the power amplifier power supply unit (PFC module). As a result, the interface board enables mains power supply to PFC when these requirements are met:

• POWER switch on front panel (figure 6.1 – [11]) set to ON;
• No alarm or fault events present (see section 5.4);
• Power output enabled (set to ON) in FNC operation menu (menu 4, see section 5.4.1);
• RF output power set to over 0W using the edit mode (menu 2, see section 5.3).

PFC unit (PFCPSL1000)

• The PFC unit is a rectifier that modulates drawn current to ensure it is drawn sinusoidally (as far as possible) and achieve a 99% power factor.
• The PFC unit can operate on 115 VAC or 230 VAC input voltage. It features a voltage selection block that normally does not require setting: see section 5.1.2 for a detailed description.
• On TEX500-LCD, a conventional rectifier unit (without power factor correction) may also be installed in place of the PFC unit.

Switching power supply (PSL1000/PJ1K and PSL5034)

The switching power supply incorporated in this amplifier feeds 50 VDC to the RF power modules with 25 A maximum current for TEX500-LCD and 34 A maximum for TEX1000LIGHT. This module has a control input that enables output voltage reduction when needed (for instance, in the event of RF output power reduction). Another input signal is used to shut down the power supply (0V output voltage) when one of the following conditions is verified:

• Power output disabled (set to OFF) by user in FNC operation menu (menu 4, see section 5.3.1);
• Regulated power set to 0 Watt using the edit mode (menu 2, see section 5.3);
• An alarm or fault condition has occurred (see section 5.4).

Interface board (SL010IN3001)

This board performs the following tasks:

• It uses AC voltage from transformer TR1 to generate and distribute service power supply over the panel board;
• It controls and provides interfacing of the mains surge protection module (SLSRGPRPJ1KM);
• It controls and provides interfacing of the power amplifier supply module (PSL1000/PJ1K or PSL5034);
• It processes and provides interfacing of the control signals to/from the Bias Board (SLBIAS1K3U-2);
• It processes and provides interfacing of the control signals to/from the Panel Board (SL007PC2001A or SL007PC2001B).
• It acquires and processes the input signals from the Main board (SLMBDTEXLC05);
• It feeds and operates the cooling fans;
• It feeds and controls the LED indicator board.

Panel board – CPU (SL007PC2001A)

• The panel board accommodates the microcontroller that runs equipment firmware and all user interface elements (display, LEDs, keys, …).
• This board is interfaced with other equipment modules via flat cables and provides for power supply, control signals and measurement distribution.

Main Board (SLMBDTEXLC06)

The main board performs the following tasks:

• Audio and SCA input processing;
• Carrier generation;
• Modulation.

Both measurements are adequately processed and sent to the interface board that controls the protection modules and relays the signals to the CPU board to enable readings to be displayed.

Audio input section

The audio input section accommodates the circuitry that performs the following tasks:

• Input impedance selection
• 15 kHz filtering for R and L channels
• Stereophonic coding
• Preemphasis
• Mono, MPX and SCA channel mixing
• Clipper (limits modulating signal level so that frequency deviation never exceeds 75kHz)
• Modulating signal measurement.

PLL/VCO section

• This section of the board generates the modulated radiofrequency signal. It is based on a PLL architecture that includes an MB15E06 integrated circuit.

Driver Board (SLDRVTEX1KL)

• This section accommodates a BFG35 transistor that preamplifies the RF signal before it is relayed to the final power amplifier. When the exciter is placed into stand-by mode, the driver is inhibited, too.

Power amplifier

The RF power amplification section consists in several power modules (two on the TEX500-LCD, three on the TEX1000LIGHT) coupled through a Wilkinson splitter and combiner using strip-line technology. Each RF module of the TEX500-LCD (code SL010RF1001) provides 300 W rated power – which rise up to 350 W each for the TEX1000LIGHT RF modules (code SL010RF2001) – using a single active element built using MOS technology. RF modules are fed by the switching power supply via the Bias board.

The splitter (Splitter Board code SLSITEX500L1 for TEX500-LCD, or SLSPLTEX1KL1 for TEX1000LIGHT) splits the incoming power input signal equallyto all RF modules. The combiner (Combiner Board code SLCOTEX500L1 forzTEX500-LCD, or code SLCMBTEX1KL1 for TEX1000LIGHT) combines the poweroutput signals available at module outputs to obtain total amplifier power. Splitter, amplifiers and combiner have been designed to sum amplifier output power signals in phase, so as to keep unbalance and power dissipation to a minimum. The whole RF section is mounted on a finned heat sink with fan cooling.

LPF Board (SLLPFTEX1KL)

This board incorporates a low-pass filter to keep amplifier harmonics within permissible limits as specified by international standards. A directional coupler is provided at filter output to measure forward and reflected RF output power; power readings are relayed to the Interface and Bias boards to enable processing and display. The LPF board incorporates an RF output (having a level about -60 dB lower than output level) which is brought to a BNC connector (figure 6.2 – [1]). This provides a convenient test point to check carrier characteristics, but does not ensure accurate assessment of higher harmonics.

BIAS board (SLBIAS1K3U-2)

The main purpose of this board is to control and correct the bias vol tage of the RF ampl i f i cat ion sec t ion MOSFETs . It also provides a measure of the total current drawn by the RF modules and incorporates a dedicated circuit for power supply fault reporting. Under normal conditions, bias voltage is adjusted according to set output power using feedback based on actual output power reading (AGC). Abnormal conditions affecting bias voltage so as to trigger foldback current limiting are:

• Reflected output power too high
• External AGC signals (Ext. AGC FWD, Ext. AGC RFL)
• Temperature too high
• Current draw of one RF module too high

External Telemetry Interface Board (SLTLMTXLCD03)

• This board provides an I/O interface for the CPU with the outside environment. All available equipment input and output signals are brought to the REMOTE DB15 connector (sect. 6.3.5).
• Also mounted on this board is the INTERLOCK IN BNC connector (figure 6.2 – [24]) which can disable device power output. When the central pin is closed to ground, output power is limited to zero until ground connection is removed.

Module identification

Both TEX500-LCD and TEX1000LIGHT are made up of several modules connected through connectors to facilitate maintenance and replacement (if needed).

Top view (TEX500-LCD)

The figure below shows a top view of the equipment and component locations.

1. BIAS board (SLBIAS1K3U-2)
2. Low-pass filter board (SLLPFTEX1KL)
3. PS Filter board (SLFILPSPJ1KC)
4. Panel board (SL007PC2001A)
5. FAN1 (VTL4184)
6. Power Factor (PFCPSL1000)/ Rectifier (RCTPSL1000) – depending on version
7. 50V 25A power supply unit (PSL1000/PJ1K)
8. Pulse Protection board (SLSRGPRPJ1KM)
9. Main Board (SLMBDTEXLC06)
10. FAN2 (VTL9GL1224J)
11. Driver Board (SLDRVTEX1KL)
12. Splitter board (SLSITEX500L1)
13. RF module (SL010RF1001)
14. Fuse board (SLFUSTX500-1)

Bottom view (TEX500-LCD)

Figure 9.2 below shows a bottom view of the equipment and component locations.

1. FAN2 (VTL9GL1224J)
2. Telemetry board (SLTLMTXLCD03)
3. Pulse Protection board (SLSRGPRPJ1KM)
4. TR1 transformer (TRFTEX1000T)
5. Interface board (SL010IN3001)
6. PS LED board (SLLEDPSTEX1K)

Top view (TEX1000LIGHT)

The figure below shows a top view of the equipment and component locations.

1. BIAS board (SLBIAS1K3U-2)
2. Low-pass filter board (SLLPFTEX1KL)
3. PS Filter board (SLFILPSPJ1KC)
4. Panel board (SL007PC2001A)
5. FAN1 (VTL4184)
6. Power Factor Correction board (PFCPSL1000)
7. 50V 34A power supply unit (PSL5034)
8. Pulse Protection board (SLSRGPRPJ1KM)
9. Main Board (SLMBDTEXLC06)
10. FAN2 (VTL9GL1224J)
11. Driver Board (SLDRVTEX1KL)
12. Splitter board (SLSPLTEX1KL1)
13. RF module (SL010RF2001)
14. Fuse board (SLFURFPJ1KLG)

Bottom view (TEX1000LIGHT)

Figure 9.2 below shows a bottom view of the equipment and component locations.

1. FAN2 (VTL9GL1224J)
2. Telemetry board (SLTLMTXLCD03)
3. Pulse Protection board (SLSRGPRPJ1KM)
4. TR1 transformer (TRFTEX1000T)
5. Interface board (SL010IN3001)
6. PS LED board (SLLEDPSTEX1K)

Document History

R.V.R. Elettronica SpA

• Via del Fonditore 2/2c – 40138 – Bologna (Italia)
• Telephone: +39 051 6010506
• Fax: +39 051 6011104
• Email: info@rvr.it
• Web: www.rvr.it

All rights reserved
Printed and bound in Italy. No part of this manual may be reproduced, memorized or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanic, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the copyright owner.

Declaration of Conformity

Notification of intended purpose and limitations of product use

This product is a FM transmitter intended for FM audio broadcasting. It utilises operating frequencies not harmonised in the intended countries of use. The user must obtain a license before using the product in intended country of use. Ensure respective country licensing requirements are complied with. Limitations of use can apply in respect of operating freuency, transmitter power and/or channel spacing.

Declaration of Conformity

Hereby, R.V.R. Elettronica SpA, declares that this FM transmitter is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.

© Copyright 2006

Manufactured by Italy

References

• R.V.R. Elettronica - Broadcast Systems

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