CACTUS 245S Series mSATA SSD Module User Manual

CACTUS 245S Series mSATA SSD Module

Product Information

• Product Name: Industrial pSLC -245S Series mSATA SSD
• Manufacturer: Cactus Technologies Limited
• Product Manual Version: 1.4
• Website: www.cactus-tech.com

The information in this manual is preliminary and is subject to change without notice. Cactus Technologies ® , Limited shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein; nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. Cactus Technologies® makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Cactus Technologies® assume any liability arising out of the application or use of its products, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Cactus Technologies® products are not designed, intended or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body or in other applications intended to support or sustain life or for any application where the failure of a Cactus Technologies® product can result in personal injury or death. Users of Cactus Technologies® products for such unintended and unauthorized applications shall assume all risk of such use and shall indemnify and hold Cactus Technologies® and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, expenses and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended and unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Cactus Technologies® was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part.
All parts of the Cactus Technologies® documentation are protected by copyright law and all rights are reserved. This documentation may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior consent, in writing, from Cactus Technologies®, Limited. © 2005-2023 Cactus Technologies® Limited. All rights reserved.

Introduction to Cactus Technologies®

Features:

• Solid state design with no moving parts
• Capacities from 4GB to 256GB
• Compliant with Serial ATA 3.1 specifications
• ATA-8 ACS2 compatible
• Supports Serial ATA Generation I/II/III transfer rate of 1.5/3.0/6.0 Gbps
• Supports ATA SMART Feature Set
• Supports ATA Security Feature Set
• Supports Data Set Management (TRIM)
• Supports NCQ w/ max. queue depth of 32
• Supports DevSLP
• True Psuedo-SLC Mode
• ECC capable of correcting up to 66 bit errors per 1KB
• Enhanced error correction, < 1 error in 1014 bits read
• Voltage support: 3.3V±5%

Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD is a high capacity solid-state flash memory product that complies with the Serial ATA 3.1 standard and is functionally compatible with a SATA hard disk drive. Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD provides up to 256GB of formatted storage capacity.
Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD product uses high quality industrial grade MLC NAND flash memory from Kioxia Corporation, operating in true Psuedo-SLC mode (i.e. not Fast-page mode), with enhanced endurance and performance over standard MLC NAND. In addition, it includes an on-drive intelligent controller that manages interface protocols, data storage and retrieval as well as ECC, defect handling and diagnostics, power management, and clock control. The controller’s firmware is upgradeable, thus allowing feature enhancements and firmware updates while keeping the BOM stable.

Supported Standards
Cactus Technologies® mSATA SSD is fully compatible with the following specification:

• ATA 8/ACS2 Specification published by ANSI
• Serial ATA 3.1 Specification published by the Serial ATA International Organization

Product Features
Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD contains a high level, intelligent controller. This intelligent controller provides many capabilities including the following:

• Standard ATA register and command set (same as found on most magnetic disk drives).
• Manages details of erasing and programming flash memory independent of the host system
• Sophisticated defect managing capabilities (similar to magnetic disk drives).
• Sophisticated system for error recovery using powerful error correction code (ECC).
• Intelligent power management for low power operation.

1. Host and Technology Independence
   Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD appears as a standard SATA disk drive to the host system. The drive utilizes a 512-byte sector which is the same as that in an IDE magnetic disk drive. To write or read a sector (or multiple sectors), the host computer software simply issues an ATA Read or Write command to the drive as per the SATA protocol. The host software then waits for the command to complete. The host system does not get involved in the details of how the flash memory is erased, programmed or read as this is all managed by the built-in controller in the drive. Also, with the intelligent on-board controller, the host system software will not require changing as new flash memory evolves. Thus, systems that support the Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD products today will continue to work with future Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSDs built with new flash technology without having to update or change host software.

2. Defect and Error Management
   Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD contains a sophisticated defect and error management system similar to those found in magnetic disk drives. The defect management is completely transparent to the host and does not consume any user data space. The soft error rate for Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD is much lower than that of magnetic disk drives. In the extremely rare case where a read error does occur, the drive has sophisticated ECC to recover the data. These defect and error management systems, coupled with the solid-state construction, give Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSDs unparalleled reliability.

3. Power Supply Requirements
   Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD operates at a voltage range of 3.3 volts ± 5%.

Product Specifications

For all the following specifications, values are defined at ambient temperature and nominal supply voltage unless otherwise stated.

System Environmental Specifications
Table 2-1. Environmental Specifications

(Extended)
Humidity| Operating & Non- Operating:| 8% to 95%, non-condensing
Vibration| Operating & Non- Operating:| 20G, MIL-STD-883G Method 2005.2, Condition A
Shock| Operating & Non- Operating:| 3,000 G, MIL-STD-883G Method 2002.4, Condition C
Altitude (relative to sea level)| Operating & Non- Operating:| 100,000 feet maximum

Note: Extended temp. version is temperature screened via burn-in testing. They are verified to work at the extended temperatures initially but long term reliability may be reduced if the part is used at such temperatures for extended period of time.

System Power Requirements
Table 2-2. Power Requirements

DC Input Voltage (VCC)

100 mV max. ripple (p-p)

|  | 3.3V ±5%
(Maximum Average Value) See Notes.| Idle: Reading: Writing:| 100 mA

540 mA

660 mA

---|---|---

NOTES: All values quoted are typical at ambient temperature and nominal supply  voltage unless otherwise stated. Sleep mode is specified under the condition that all drive inputs are static CMOS levels and in a “Not Busy“ operating state.

System Performance
All performance timings assume the drive controller is in the default (i.e., fastest) mode.
Table 2-3. Performance

Read Transfer Rate| 4GB

8GB

16-256GB

| Up to 150MBytes/sec Up to 300MBytes/sec Up to 540MBytes/sec
---|---|---
Write Transfer Rate| 4GB| Up to 70 MBytes/sec
 | 8GB| Up to 140 MBytes/sec
 | 16GB| Up to 275 MBytes/sec
 | 32GB| Up to 210 Mbytes/sec
 | 64GB| Up to 415 Mbytes/sec
 | 128-256GB| Up to 450 Mbytes/sec

System Reliability
Table 2-4. Reliability

Note: estimated TBW assumes workload consisting of mostly large block writes; estimated TBW will be significantly reduced for workloads consisting mostly of random, small block writes.

Physical Specifications
The following sections provide the physical specifications for Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD products.

mSATA SSD Physical Specifications

Interface Description

The following sections provide detailed information on the Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC mSATA SSD interface.

mSATA SSD Pin Assignments and Pin Type
The signal/pin assignments and descriptions are listed in Table 3-5.
Table 3-5. mSATA SSD Pin Assignments and Pin Type

Electrical Specifications

The following table defines all D.C. Characteristics for the mSATA SSD products. Unless otherwise stated, conditions are:

• Vcc = 3.3V ± 5%
• Ta = -40°C to 85°C

1. Absolute Maximum Ratings**
   Parameter| Symbol| MIN| MAX| Unit s**
   ---|---|---|---|---
   Storage Temperature| Ts| -55| +100| oC
   Operating Temperature| TA| -40| +85| oC
   Vcc with respect to GND| Vcc| -0.3| 3.6| V
2. DC Characteristics**
   Parameter| Symbol| MIN| MAX| Unit s**
   ---|---|---|---|---
   Input Voltage| Vin| -0.5| Vcc + 0.5| V
   Output Voltage| Vout| -0.3| Vcc + 0.3| V
   Input Leakage Current| ILI| -10| 10| uA
   Output Leakage Current| ILO| -10| 10| uA
   Input/Output Capacitance| CI/Co|  | 10| pF
   Operating Current

Idle Active

| ICC|  | 105

665

| mA
3. AC Characteristics
Cactus Technologies® mSATA SSD products conforms to all AC timing requirements as specified in the SATA-IO specifications. Please refer to that document for details of AC timing for all operation modes of the device.

ATA Drive Register Set Definition and Protocol

The communication to or from the SSD is done using FIS. Legacy ATA protocol is supported by using the legacy mode defined in the SATA specifications. In this mode, the FIS has defined fields which provide all the necessary ATA task file registers for control and status information. The Serial ATA interface does not support Primary/Secondary or Master/Slave configurations. Each SATA channel supports only one SATA device, with the register selection as defined by the ATA standard.

ATA Task File Definitions
The following sections describes the usage of the ATA task file registers. Note that the Alternate Status Register of legacy ATA is not defined for SATA drives.

1. Data Register
   The Data Register is a 16-bit register, and it is used to transfer data blocks between the SSD data buffer and the Host.

2. Error Register
   This register contains additional information about the source of an error when an error is indicated in bit 0 of the Status register. The bits are defined as follows: D7| D6| D5| D4| D3| D2| D1| D0
   ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
   BBK| UNC| 0| IDNF| 0| ABRT| 0| AMNF

3. Feature Register
   This register provides information regarding features of the SSD that the host can utilize.

4. Sector Count Register
   This register contains the number of sectors of data requested to be transferred on a read or write operation between the host and the SSD. If the value in this register is zero, a count of 256 sectors is specified. If the command was successful, this register is zero at command completion. If not successfully completed, the register contains the number of sectors that need to be transferred in order to complete the request.

5. Sector Number (LBA 7-0) Register
   This register contains the starting sector number or bits 7-0 of the Logical Block Address (LBA) for any SSD data access for the subsequent command.

6. Cylinder Low (LBA 15-8) Register
   This register contains the low order 8 bits of the starting cylinder address or bits 15-8 of the Logical Block Address.

7. Cylinder High (LBA 23-16) Register
   This register contains the high order bits of the starting cylinder address or bits 23-16 of the Logical Block Address.

8. Drive/Head (LBA 27-24) Register
   The Drive/Head register is used to select the drive and head. It is also used to select LBA addressing instead of cylinder/head/sector addressing. The bits are defined as follows: D7| D6| D5| D4| D3| D2| D1| D0
   ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
   1| LBA| 1| DRV| HS3| HS2| HS1| HS0

9. Status Registers
   These registers return the status when read by the host. Reading the Status register does clear a pending interrupt while reading the Auxiliary Status register does not. The meaning of the status bits are described as follows:

10. Device Control Register
    This register is used to control the drive interrupt request and to issue an ATA soft reset to the drive. The bits are defined as follows: D7| D6| D5| D4| D3| D2| D1| D0
    ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
    HOB| X| X| X| 1| SW Rst| -IEn| 0

11. Drive Address Register
    This register is provided for compatibility with the AT disk drive interface. It is recommended that this register not be mapped into the host’s I/O space because of potential conflicts on Bit 7. The bits are defined as follows: D7| D6| D5| D4| D3| D2| D1| D0
    ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
    X| -WTG| -HS3| -HS2| -HS1| -HS0| -nDS1| -nDS0

ATA Command Description

This section defines the ATA command set supported by Cactus Technologies® mSATA SSDs.

ATA Command Set
Table 5-6 summarizes the supported ATA command set.
Table 5-6. ATA Command Set

S.M.A.R.T. Feature Set

Cactus Technologies® -245 Series mSATA SSD supports S.M.A.R.T. attribute reporting. This following subcommands are supported when programmed into the Feature Register:

S.M.A.R.T Data Structure
The Read Data commands returns 512 bytes of data in the following structure:

activitiies
366| Vendor specific
367| Off-line data collection capabilities
368-369| SMART capabilities
370| Error logging capabilities: bit[7:1] – reserved; bit[0]: 1=device error logging supported
371| Vendor specific
372| Short self-test routine recommended polling time (in minutes)
373| Extended self-test routine recommended polling time (in minutes)
374| Conveyance self-test routine recommended polling time (in minutes)
375-385| Reserved
386-395| Firmware Version/Date Code
396-397| Reserved
398-399| Reserved
400-405| ‘SM2244’
406-510| Vendor specific
511| Data structure checksum

S.M.A.R.T Attributes
The following table lists the attributes returned in bytes 2-361 of the 512-byte SMART data. Byte 0 is Attribute ID, bytes 1-2 are status flags, bytes 3-4 are reserved bytes; the table below shows the definition for bytes 5-11:

*1: Note that some 3rd party SMART utilities may report this attribute as ‘Percent Remaining Life’ or ‘SATA Phy Error Count’; this is not valid for -245S series pSLC products, please ignore it.

Appendix

Appendix A. Ordering Information
Model KDXFI-245SM1

• Where: X is drive capacities:
  • 4G —————- 4GB
  • 8G —————- 8GB
  • 16G ————– 16GB
  • 32G ————– 32GB
  • 64G ————– 64GB
  • 128G ———— 128GB
  • 256G ———— 256GB
• Where: I is temperature grade:
  • blank ———— standard
  • I ——————- extended
• Example:
  • 8GB mSATA SSD ———————————————————– KD8GF-245SM1
  • 8GB mSATA SSD extended temp. ———————————— KD8GFI-245SM1

Appendix B.Technical Support Services

• B.1.Direct Cactus Technologies® Technical Support
  Email: [email protected]

Appendix C.Cactus Technologies® Worldwide Sales Offices

• Email: [email protected]
• Email: [email protected]

Limited Warranty

1. WARRANTY STATEMENT
   Cactus Technologies® warrants its Industrial pSLC products only to be free of any defects in materials or workmanship that would prevent them from functioning properly for two years from the date of purchase or when rated TBW is exceeded, whichever occurs first. This express warranty is extended by Cactus Technologies® Limited to customers of our products.

2. GENERAL PROVISIONS
   This warranty sets forth the full extent of Cactus Technologies® responsibilities regarding the Cactus Technologies® Industrial pSLC Flash Storage Products. Cactus Technologies®, at its sole option, will repair, replace or refund the purchase price of the defective product. Cactus Technologies® guarantees our products meet all specifications detailed in our product manuals. Although Cactus Technologies® products are designed to withstand harsh environments and have the highest specifications in the industry, they are not warranted to never have failure and Cactus Technologies® does not warranty against incidental or consequential damages. Accordingly, in any use of products in life support systems or other applications where failure could cause injury or loss of life, the products should only be incorporated in systems designed with appropriate redundancy, fault tolerant or backup features.

3. WHAT THIS WARRANTY COVERS
   For products found to be defective, Cactus Technologies® will have the option of repairing, replacing or refunding the purchase price the defective product, if the following conditions are met:

   • A. The defective product is returned to Cactus Technologies® for failure analysis as soon as possible after the failure occurs.
   • B. An incident card filled out by the user, explaining the conditions of usage and the nature of the failure, accompanies each returned defective product.
   • C. No evidence is found of abuse or operation of products not in accordance with the published specifications, or of exceeding maximum ratings or operating conditions.
     All failing products returned to Cactus Technologies® under the provisions of this limited warranty shall be tested to the product’s functional and performance specifications. Upon confirmation of failure, each product will be analyzed, by whatever means necessary, to determine the root cause of failure. If the root cause of failure is found to be not covered by the above provisions, then the product will be returned to the customer with a report indicating why the failure was not covered under the warranty. This warranty does not cover defects, malfunctions, performance failures or damages to the unit resulting from use in other than its normal and customary manner, misuse, accident or neglect; or improper alterations or repairs. Cactus Technologies® Limited may repair or replace, at its discretion, any product returned by its customers, even if such product is not covered under warranty, but is under no obligation to do so.

4. RECEIVING WARRANTY SERVICE
   According to Cactus Technologies® warranty procedure, defective product should be returned only with prior authorization from Cactus Technologies® Limited. Please contact Cactus Technologies® Customer Service department (tech@cactus- tech.com) with the following information: product model number and description, nature of defect, conditions of use, proof of purchase and purchase date. If approved, Cactus Technologies® will issue a Return Material Authorization or Product Repair Authorization number and instructions to ship the product back to us for service.

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