dji Agras T16 Agriculture Drone User Guide

dji Agras T16 Agriculture Drone

Aircraft
The AGRASTM T16 features a brand-new design including a foldable frame and quick-release spray tank and flight battery, making replacement, installation, and storage easy.
The stable and reliable modular aerial-electronics system is integrated with a dedicated industrial flight controller, OCUSYNCTM 2.0 HD transmission system, and RTK module. It has dual IMUs and barometers and adopts a propulsion control system redundancy design including both digital and analog signals to ensure flight safety.
The GNSS+RTK dual-redundancy system is compatible with GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, and Galileo. The T16 also supports centimeter-level positioning* when used with the built-in onboard D-RTKTM antennas. Dual-antenna technology provides strong resistance against magnetic interference.

The upgraded spraying system features an improvement in payload, spray rate, and spray width.
It also has a new-generation electromagnetic flow meter, providing high precision and stability.
The all-new digital beam forming (DBF) imaging radar features obstacle sensing and terrain following capabilities during both day and night, without being affected by light or dust.
It can also plan a flight path to actively circumvent obstacles.
The aircraft is equipped with a wide-angle FPV camera enabling observation of the landscape from the front of the aircraft.
The quality of the aircraft’s industrial design and materials make it dustproof, waterproof, and corrosion-resistant. The aircraft has a protection rating of IP54 (IEC standard 60529), while the protection rating of the aerial-electronics system, spray control system, and propulsion ESC system is up to IP67.

1. Propellers
2. Motors
3. ESCs
4. Frame Arms
5. Aircraft Front LEDs (on the three front arms)
6. Hoses
7. Sprinklers
8. Manual Relief Valve
9. Nozzles
10. Aerial-Electronics System
11. FPV Camera
12. USB-C Port (on the bottom of the aerial-electronics system, under the waterproof cover)
13. Flow Meter
14. Delivery Pumps
15. DBF Imaging Radar
16. Landing Gear
17. Spray Tank
18. Battery Compartment
19. OcuSync Antennas
20. Onboard D-RTK Antennas
21. Aircraft Status Indicators (on the three rear arms)

This must be used with a DJI D-RTK 2 High Precision GNSS Mobile Station (sold separately) or a DJI-approved Network RTK service.

Remote Controller
The remote controller uses the DJI OcuSync dual-band transmission system, has a maximum control distance of up to 5 km (3.11 mi)*, and is equipped with a bright, dedicated screen with the DJI MG2 app built in. Plan operations using the remote controller, an RTK handheld mapping device, or by flying the aircraft to waypoints. Along with the upgraded spraying system, flight operation is more flexible and efficient. The Multi-
Aircraft Control mode of the remote controller can be used to coordinate the operation of up to five aircraft at the same time, enabling pilots to work efficiently. Replaceable batteries allows users to operate the remote controller for longer, and removable antennas make maintenance easier.

1. Power Button
2. RTH Button
3. Control Sticks
4. Speaker
5. Lanyard Attachment
6. Status LED
7. Battery Level LEDs
8. USB-C Port
9. 3.5 mm Audio Jack
10. microSD Card Slot
11. Display Device
12. Sleep/Wake Button
13. Antennas
14. Spray Rate Dial
15. Aircraft Control Switch Dial
16. Spray Button
17. Pause Switch
18.  Button A (customizable)
19. Button B (customizable)
20. Button C1 (customizable)
21. Button C2 (customizable)
22. Battery Compartment Cover
23. Battery Compartment Cover Lock
24. Dongle Compartment Cover

The figure below shows the function that each control stick movement performs, using Mode 2 as an example. In Mode 2, the left stick controls the aircraft’s altitude and heading while the right stick controls its forward, backward, left, and right movements.

• The remote controller is able to reach its maximum transmission distance (FCC/NCC: 5 km (3.11 mi); CE/KCC/MIC/SRRC: 3 km (1.86 mi)) in an open area with no electromagnetic interference, and at an altitude of approximately 2.5 m (8.2 ft).

Fly Safe

It is important to understand some basic flight guidelines, both for your protection and for the safety of those around you.

1. Flying in Open Areas: Pay attention to utility poles, power lines, and other obstacles. DO NOT fly near or above water, people, or animals.
2. Maintain Control at All Times: Always keep your hands on the remote controller and maintain control of your aircraft when it is in flight, even when using intelligent functions such as the Route and A-B Route operation modes and Smart Return to Home.
3. Maintain Line of Sight: Maintain visual line of sight with your aircraft at all times and avoid flying behind buildings or other obstacles that may block your view.
4. Monitor Your Altitude: For the safety of manned aircraft and other air traffic, always fly at altitudes lower than 30 m (98 ft) and in accordance with all local laws and regulations.

Visit https://www.dji.com/flysafe for more information on critical safety features such as GEO zones.

Flying Considerations

1. DO NOT use the aircraft to spray in winds exceeding 18 kph (11 mph).
2. DO NOT use the aircraft in adverse weather conditions such as winds exceeding 28 kph (17 mph), heavy rain (precipitation rate exceeding 25 mm (0.98 in) in 12 hours), snow, or fog.
3. The recommended maximum operating altitude is 2 km (6,560 ft) above sea level. DO NOT fly over 3 km (9,842 ft) above sea level.
4. Once the operating altitude reaches 1 km (3,280 ft), the payload capacity of the spray tank is reduced by 2 kg. For every additional km, the payload capacity will reduce by a further 2 kg.
5. Make sure that there is a strong GNSS signal when operating.

Return to Home (RTH)
The aircraft will automatically return to the Home Point in the following situations:
Smart RTH: You press the RTH button.
Failsafe RTH: The remote controller signal is lost.*
During RTH, if there is an obstacle within 20 m of the aircraft, the aircraft decelerates and then stops and hovers.
While decelerating, if the aircraft comes within 6 m of the obstacle, it flies backward to a distance of approximately 6 m from the obstacle and hovers. The aircraft then exits the RTH procedure and waits for pilot commands.

• If Failsafe RTH is disabled (the default setting in the DJI MG2 app), the aircraft hovers in place when the remote controller signal is lost.

  • Obstacle avoidance is disabled in Attitude mode (which the aircraft enters in situations such as when the GNSS signal is weak) and is not available if the operating environment is not suitable for the radar module. Extra caution is required in such situations.

Pesticide Usage

1. Avoid the use of powder pesticides as much as possible as they may reduce the service life of the spraying system.
2. Pesticides are poisonous and pose serious risks to safety. Only use them in strict accordance with their specifications.
3. Use clean water to mix the pesticide to avoid blocking the strainer. Clear any blockage before using the equipment.
4. Effective use of pesticides depends on pesticide density, spray rate, spray distance, aircraft speed, wind speed, and wind direction. Consider all factors when using pesticides.
5. DO NOT compromise the safety of people, animals, or the environment during operation.

It is important to understand basic flight guidelines for the safety of both you and those around you.
DO NOT forget to read the disclaimer and safety guidelines.

Using the T16

Preparing the Intelligent Flight Battery

• Only use official DJI flight batteries (model: AB2-17500mAh-51.8V).
• Check the battery level before flying, and charge it according to the corresponding document.

Preparing the Aircraft

• Unfold the M2 and M6 arms, and tighten the two arm sleeves.
• Unfold the M2 and M6 arms, and tighten the two arm sleeves.
• Unfold the propeller blades.
• Insert the Intelligent Flight Battery into the aircraft until you hear a click.
• Make sure that the battery is firmly attached to the aircraft. Only insert or remove the battery when the aircraft is powered off.
• To remove the battery, press and hold the clamp, and then lift the battery up.
• When folding the arms, make sure to fold the M3 and M5 arms first, and then the M2 and M6 arms. Otherwise, the arms may be damaged. Lift and lower the M1 and M4 arms gently to reduce wear and tear.

Preparing the Remote Controller

Charging the Battery
Press the battery level button once to check the battery level. Fully charge the batteries before using for the first time.

Place the battery into the charging hub, connect the AC power adapter to the charging hub, and connect the
AC power adapter to a power outlet (100-240 V, 50/60 Hz).

Mounting the Battery

The remote controller uses an easily removable, interchangeable Intelligent Battery for long-term operation.

1. Slide the battery compartment cover lock on the back of the remote controller down to open the cover.
2. Insert the Intelligent Battery into the compartment and push it to the top.
3. Close the cover.

• To remove the Intelligent Battery, open the cover, press and hold the battery release button, then push the battery downward.

Mounting the Dongle and SIM Card

• Only use a DJI-approved dongle.

• The dongle supports various network standards. Use a SIM card that is compatible with the chosen mobile network provider, and select a mobile data plan according to the planned level of usage.

• The dongle and SIM card enable the remote controller access to specific networks and platforms, such as the DJI AG platform. Make sure to employ them correctly. Otherwise, network access will not be available.

• Lift the dongle compartment cover at the gap at its lower right corner, then remove it.

• Insert the dongle into the USB port with the SIM card inserted into the dongle and test it.*

• Reattach the cover. To secure the cover, open the silicone protectors, insert and tighten two Phillips screws, and close the protectors.

• Test procedure: Press the remote controller power button once, then press again and hold to power the remote controller on. In the DJI MG2 app, tap , then and select Network Diagnostics. If the status of all the devices in the network chain are shown in green, the dongle and SIM card are functioning properly.

Checking the Battery Level

Press once to check the battery level. Press once, then press again and hold for two seconds to power on or off.

Adjusting the Antennas
Tilt the display device on the remote controller to the desired position, then adjust the antennas, so they are facing outward.
The strength of the remote controller signal is affected by the position of the antennas.

Try to keep the aircraft inside the optimal transmission zone. If the signal is weak, adjust the antennas or fly the aircraft closer.

Optimal Transmission Zone

• Avoid using wireless devices that use the same frequency bands as the remote controller.

Getting Ready for Takeoff

1. Place the aircraft on open, flat ground with the Aircraft Status Indicators facing toward you.
2. Make sure that the propellers are securely mounted, there are no foreign objects in or on the motors and propellers, the propeller blades and arms are unfolded, and the arm sleeves are firmly tightened.
3. Make sure that the spray tank and flight battery are firmly in place.
4. Pour liquid into the spray tank, and tighten the cover. Make sure that the four lines on the cover are aligned in the same position as in the figure below.
5. Power on the remote controller, make sure that the DJI MG2 app is open, and then power on the aircraft.

• When using for the first time, activate the aircraft using the DJI MG2 app. Your DJI account and an internet connection are required.

Calibrating the Spraying System

Make sure to calibrate the spraying system before your first operation. Otherwise, the spraying performance will be adversely affected.

1. Preparation before calibration: If there are any bubbles in the hoses, discharge them before calibrating.
   If there are no bubbles, proceed with calibration.

2. Fill the spray tank with about 10 L of water.

3. Loosen all the manual relief valves and press the Spray button on the remote controller until the bubbles in the hoses have been fully discharged.

• Tighten the valves and press the Spray button to stop spraying.
• If the bubbles have still not been fully discharged after an extended period, rotate and remove the valve cover. Reattach the cover once the bubbles have been fully discharged. 2. Spraying System Calibration
  1. Make sure that there is more than 6 L of water in the spray tank. In the DJI MG2 app, tap Execute Operation to enter Operation View, tap , then , and select the correct nozzle model (the standard nozzle is model XR11001VS).
  2. Tap Calibrate. Select the pump requiring calibration (all of the four pumps are selected by default), and tap Calibration.
  3. Calibration will start automatically. After several minutes, the calibration result will be displayed in the app.

  * If the app displays a successful calibration, users can proceed with the operation.
  * If calibration fails, tap “?” to view the problem and resolve it. Afterwards, select the pump that failed to re-calibrate.

Calibrating the Compass
When the app prompts that compass calibration is required, tap , then , slide to the bottom, and select Advanced Settings, then Sensors.
Tap Calibration in the compass calibration section, then follow the on-screen instructions.

Flight

In the DJI MG2 app, go to Operation View. Make sure that there is a strong GNSS signal, and the system status bar indicates Manual Route (GNSS) or Manual Route (RTK).* Otherwise, the aircraft cannot take off.
It is recommended to create a plan for a field and select an operation to enable the aircraft to take off and perform the operation automatically. Refer to the Starting Operations section for more information. In other cases, take off and land manually.

Takeoff
Perform a Combination Stick Command (CSC) and push the throttle stick up to take off.

Landing
To land, pull down on the throttle stick to descend until the aircraft touches the ground. There are two methods to stop the motors.
Method 1: When the aircraft has landed, push and hold the throttle stick down. The motors will stop after three seconds.
Method 2: When the aircraft has landed, push the throttle stick down, then perform the same CSC that was used to start the motors. Release both sticks once the motors have stopped.

• RTK positioning is recommended. In the DJI MG2 app, go to Operation View, tap , then RTK to enable Aircraft RTK and select a method for receiving RTK signals.

• Spinning propellers can be dangerous. Stay away from spinning propellers and motors. DO NOT start the motors in confined spaces or when there are people nearby.
• Keep your hands on the remote controller when the motors are spinning.
• DO NOT stop the motors mid-flight unless in an emergency situation where doing so will reduce the risk of damage or injury.
• Method 1 is the recommended method for stopping the motors. When using Method 2 to stop the motors, the aircraft may roll over if it is not completely on the ground. Use Method 2 with caution.
• After landing, power off the aircraft before turning off the remote controller.

Starting Operations
The remote controller is equipped with a screen with a built-in Android system that can run the DJI MG2 app. The Intelligent Operation Planning system built into the app can be used to measure the operation area, identify obstacles, configure waypoints, set aircraft settings, and produce flight route plans. Once flight routes have been planned, they can be used to command the aircraft to fly routes automatically.
In scenarios with complicated terrain, users can use the Phantom 4 RTK and DJI Terra to plan 3D flight routes, and then import the routes to the DJI MG2 app for operation. Refer to the user manual for more information.

Planning Field
The DJI MG2 app supports flight route planning by walking to waypoints, obstacles, and calibration points carrying the remote controller or an RTK handheld mapping device, or by flying the aircraft to these points. The following description uses planning by flying the aircraft to these points as an example.

• Power on the remote controller, followed by the aircraft.
• Tap Plan a Field , then Fly the aircraft.
• The app will display Manual Route (GNSS) or Manual Route (RTK).
• Tap Start Measuring.

• Fly the aircraft alongside the boundary of the operation area and tap Add Waypoint at turning points.
• Fly near each obstacle* in turn and tap Start Obstacle Measurement.
• Fly the aircraft around the obstacle and tap Add Waypoint at several points around the obstacle.*
• Tap End Obstacle Measurement.*
• Fly to the location of each calibration point  and tap Add Calibration Point.
• Tap End Measurement.
• Adjust the flight route parameters, including route angle, line spacing, and collision avoidance safety.
• Save the field plan.
• If any obstacles are in the operation area.

Once you have finished planning, tap in the upper left corner of the screen to return to the home screen.

• Operate the aircraft carefully when flying near obstacles to avoid a collision.
• Calibration points are used to rectify flight route biases caused by GNSS positioning deviations. Choose one or more fixed reference points for calibration like a metal peg or obvious marker that are easy to identify for bias rectification when using the plan.

Performing an Operation

• Take the aircraft to one of the calibration points.
• Tap Execute Operation in the home screen of the app.
• Tap , select the field from the field list, and select Invoke.
• Adjust the flight route parameters including route angle, line spacing, and collision avoidance safety
• Tap Rectify Offset.
• Tap Start.
• Set the operation parameters, then confirm.
• Set the auto-takeoff height and move the slider to take off. The aircraft will perform the operation automatically.

• Only take off in open areas, and set an appropriate auto-takeoff height according to the operating environment.
• An operation can be paused by toggling the Pause switch. The aircraft will hover and record the breakpoint, and then the aircraft can be controlled manually. To continue the operation, select it again from the Executing tag in list, and the aircraft will return to the breakpoint automatically and resume the operation. Pay attention to aircraft safety when returning to the breakpoint.
• In Route Operation mode, the aircraft is able to circumvent obstacles, which is disabled by default and can be enabled in the app. If the function is enabled and the aircraft detects obstacles, the aircraft will slow down and circumvent the obstacles, and then return to the original flight path.
• The aircraft will hover at the endpoint of the flight route after the operation is completed. Instead of hovering, the aircraft can also be set to perform other actions in the app.

More Operation Modes
Refer to the user manual for more information about the A-B Route, Manual, and Manual Plus Operation modes.

More Functions

Refer to the user manual for more information.

Maintenance

Clean all parts of the aircraft daily, immediately after spraying:

1. Completely fill the spray tank with clean water or soapy water and spray the water through the nozzle until the tank is empty. Repeat the step two more times.
2. Detach the spray tank to clean it. Remove the spray tank strainer, nozzle strainers, and nozzles to clean them and clear any blockage. Afterwards, immerse them in clean water for 12 hours.
3. Use a water-filled spray washer to clean the aircraft body and wipe it with a soft brush or wet cloth before cleaning water stains with a dry cloth. DO NOT splash the aircraft body with an excessive volume of water.

Refer to the disclaimer and safety guidelines for more information on product maintenance.

Specifications

• Airframe

  • Max Diagonal Wheelbase 1883 mm
  • Dimensions 2509×2213×732 mm (Arms and propellers unfolded)
    1795×1510×732 mm (Arms unfolded and propellers folded)
    1100×570×732 mm (Arms and propellers folded)

• Propulsion System

  • Motor
  • Stator Size 100×15 mm
  • KV 75 rpm/V
  • Max Thrust 13.5 kg/rotor
  • Max Power 2400 W/rotor
  • Weight 616 g
  • ESC
  • Max Working Current 40 A
  • (Continuous)
  • Max Working Voltage 58.8 V (14S LiPo)
  • Foldable Propellers (R3390)
  • Diameter × Pitch 33×9 in
  • Weight (Single propeller) 90 g

• Spraying System
  Spray Tank
  Volume Rated: 15.1 L, Full: 16 L
  Operating Payload Rated: 15.1 kg, Full: 16 kg
  Nozzle
  Model XR11001VS (Standard), XR110015VS (Optional, purchase separately)
  Quantity 8
  Max Spray Rate XR11001VS: 3.6 L/min, XR110015VS: 4.8 L/min
  Spray Width 4-6.5 m (8 nozzles, at a height of 1.5-3 m above crops)
  Droplet Size XR11001VS: 130-250 μm, XR110015VS: 170-265 μm (Subject to operating
  environment and spray rate)
  Flow Meter
  Measurement Range 0.45-5 L/min
  Error < ±2%
  Measurable Liquid Conductivity > 50 μS/cm
  (Liquids such as water or pesticides that contains water)

• DBF Imaging Radar

  • Model RD2418R

  • Operating Frequency SRRC (China)/ CE (Europe)/ FCC (United States): 24.00 GHz-24.25 GHz MIC (Japan)/ KCC (Korea): 24.05 GHz-24.25 GHz

  • Power Consumption 15 W

  • EIRP SRRC: 13 dBm; MIC/ KCC/ CE/ FCC: 20 dBm

  • Altitude Detection & Terrain

  • Follow*
    Altitude detection range: 1-30 m
    Stabilization working range: 1.5-15 m
    Max slope in Mountain mode: 35°

  • Obstacle Avoidance System* Obstacle sensing range: 1.5-30 m
    FOV: Horizontal: ±50°, Vertical: 0-10°
    Working conditions: Flying higher than 1.5 m over the obstacle at a speed
    lower than 7 m/s
    Safety distance: 2.5 m (Distance between the front of propellers and the
    obstacle after braking)
    Obstacle avoidance direction: Forward and backward obstacle avoidance
    depending on direction of flight.

  • IP Rating IP67

• The effective radar range varies depending on the material, position, shape, and other properties of the obstacle.

• FPV Camera

  • FOV Horizontal: 98°, Vertical: 78°
  • Resolution 1280×960 30 fps
  • FPV Spotlight FOV: 110°, Max brightness: 12 lux at 5 m of direct light

• Flight Parameters

  • Operating Frequency 2.4000 GHz-2.4835 GHz 5.725 GHz-5.850 GHz*
  • EIRP 2.4 GHz
  • SRRC/ CE / MIC/ KCC: < 20 dBm, FCC/ NCC: < 26 dBm
  • 5.8 GHz
  • SRRC/ NCC/ FCC: < 26 dBm
  • Total Weight (Excluding battery) 19.8 kg
  • Standard Takeoff Weight 41 kg
  • Max Takeoff Weight 42 kg (At sea level)
  • Max Thrust-Weight Ratio 1.975 (Takeoff weight of 41 kg)
  • Hovering Accuracy (With strong
  • GNSS signal)
  • D-RTK enabled: Horizontal: ±10 cm, Vertical: ±10 cm
  • D-RTK disabled: Horizontal: ±0.6 m, Vertical: ±0.3 m (Radar module enabled: ±0.1 m)
  • RTK / GNSS Operating
  • Frequency
  • RTK: GPS L1/L2, GLONASS F1/F2, BeiDou B1/B2, Galileo E1/E5
  • GNSS: GPS L1, GLONASS F1, Galileo E1
  • Battery DJI-approved battery pack (AB2-17500mAh-51.8V)
  • Max Power Consumption 5600 W
  • Hovering Power Consumption 5200 W (Takeoff weight of 41 kg)
  • Hovering Time** 18 min (Takeoff weight of 26 kg with a 17500 mAh battery)
  • 10 min (Takeoff weight of 41 kg with a 17500 mAh battery)
  • Max Tilt Angle 15°
  • Max Operating Speed 7 m/s
  • Max Flying Speed 10 m/s (With strong GNSS signal)
  • Max Wind Resistance 8 m/s
  • Max Service Ceiling Above Sea
  • Level
  • Recommended Operating  2000 m
  • Temperature 0° to 40° C (32° to 104° F)

• Remote Controller

  • Model GL300N
  • Operating Frequency 2.4000 GHz-2.4835 GHz 5.725 GHz-5.850 GHz*
  • Effective Transmission
  • Distance (Unobstructed, free of interference)
  • SRRC/ MIC/ KCC/ CE: 3 km, NCC/ FCC: 5 km
  • EIRP 2.4 GHz
  • SRRC/ CE / MIC/ KCC: < 20 dBm, FCC/ NCC: < 26 dBm 5.8 GHz
  • SRRC/ NCC/ FCC: < 26 dBm
  • Display 5.5-inch screen, 1920×1080, 1000 cd/m2, Android system,
  • 4GB RAM ＋ 16GB ROM storage
  • Power Consumption 16 W (Typical value)
  • Operating Temperature -10° to 40° C (14° to 104° F)
  • Storage Temperature Less than 3 months: -20° to 45° C (-4° to 113° F)
  • More than 3 months: 22° to 28° C (70° to 82° F)
  • Charging Temperature 5° to 40° C (40° to 104° F)

To comply with local laws and regulations, this frequency is not available in some countries or regions.
** Hovering time acquired at sea level with wind speeds lower than 3 m/s.

• Remote Controller Intelligent Battery
  • Model WB37-4920mAh-7.6V
  • Battery Type 2S LiPo
  • Capacity 4920 mAh
  • Voltage 7.6 V
  • Energy 37.39 Wh
  • Charging Temperature 5° to 40°C (40° to 104°F)
• Remote Controller Charging Hub
  • Model WCH2
  • Input Voltage 17.3-26.2 V
  • Output Voltage and Current 8.7 V, 6 A
  • Operating Temperature 5° to 40°C (40° to 104°F)
• Remote Controller Power Adapter
  • Model A14-057N1A
  • Input Voltage 100-240 V, 50/60 Hz
  • Output Voltage 17.4 V
  • Rated Power 57 W

Download the user manual for more information: http://www.dji.com/t16
※ This content is subject to change without prior notice.
AGRAS and are trademarks of DJI.
Copyright © 2020 DJI All Rights Reserved.

For the latest information on Agras products, scan the Facebook or YouTube QR code.

References

• Agras T16 - DJI
• DJI - The World Leader in Camera Drones/Quadcopters for Aerial Photography

Read User Manual Online (PDF format)

Read User Manual Online (PDF format)  >>

Download This Manual (PDF format)

Download this manual  >>