HARVIA 50 Wood Burning Stove Instruction Manual
- June 3, 2024
- HARVIA
Table of Contents
HARVIA 50 Wood Burning Stove
Congratulations on your choice! The Harvia sauna stove works best and serves
you longest when it is used and maintained according to these instruc-tions.
Read the instructions carefully before installing or using the stove. Keep the
instructions for future reference.
GENERAL
Technical Data
| 50
WK500
---|---
Rated output (kW)| 40
Sauna room volume (m³)| 20–50
Required temperature class of chimney| T600
Diameter of connection opening (mm)| 140
Stone quantity (max. kg)| 120
Stone size (cm)| Ø10–15
Weight (kg)| 160
Width (mm)| 510
Depth (mm)| 720
Height (mm)| 1050
|
+ adjustable legs (mm)| –
|
Thickness of fire chamber cover (mm)| 10
Maximum length of firewood (cm)| 61
Water container volume (l)| –
Choose the stove model carefully. A stove with too low output must be heated
longer and more intensely, which will shorten the stove’s life span.
Please note that non-insulated wall and ceiling surfaces (such as brick,
glass, tile and concrete surfaces) increase the output requirement of the
stove. For every square meter of such wall and ceiling surface you should
calculate an additional 1.2 m3 volume. If the sauna walls are made of massive
log, the volume must be multiplied by 1.5. Examples:
- A 10 m3 sauna room with a brick wall 2 m high and 2 m wide is equivalent to a sauna room of approximately 15 m3.
- A 10 m3 sauna room with a glass door is equivalent to a sauna room of approximately 12 m3.
- A 10 m3 sauna room with massive log walls is equivalent to a sauna room of approximately 15 m3.
The dealer or our factory representative can assist you in choosing the stove if needed. You can also visit our website www.harviasauna.com for further details.
Stove Parts
- A. Upper connection opening
- B. Rear connection opening
- C. Soot opening
- D. Stove door
- E. Ash box
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
Read the instructions carefully before using the stove.
Warnings
- Staying in the hot sauna for long periods of time makes the body temperature rise, which may be dangerous.
- Keep away from the stove when it is hot. The stones and outer surface of the stove may burn your skin.
- Never throw water on the stones when there are people near the stove, because hot steam may burn their skin.
- Keep children away from the stove.
- Do not let young, handicapped or ill people bathe in the sauna on their own.
- Consult your doctor about any health-related limitations to bathing.
- Consult your child welfare clinic about taking little babies to the sauna.
- Be very careful when moving in the sauna, as the platform and floors may be slippery.
- Never go to a hot sauna if you have taken alcohol, strong medicines or narcotics.
- Never sleep in a hot sauna.
- Sea air and a humid climate may corrode the metal surfaces of the stove.
- Do not hang clothes to dry in the sauna, as this may cause a risk of fire.
Preparing the Stove for Use
Perform the first heating outdoors or in a well-ventilated room. The stove
body has been painted with protective paint, which will vaporise during the
first heating. This will cause the stove body to emit smoke. When the smoking
stops, the stove is ready for normal use. Remove leftover paint mechanically
e.g. with a wire brush and a vacuum cleaner. If the first heating is done
outdoors, install the smoke pipes for draught. This will cause odours to
vaporize from the smoke pipes as well. The outer casing has been painted with
heat-resistant paint, which reaches its final cured state during the first
heating. Prior to this, rubbing or sweeping the painted surfaces of the stove
must be avoided.
- One load of wood is sufficient for the first heating.
- The sauna stones should not be placed in the stove before the first heating. Place the stones in the stove only when the stove has cooled completely after the first heating.
Do not throw water on the stove during first heating. Painted surfaces can get damaged.
Burning Material
Dry wood is the best material for heating the stove. Dry chopped firewood
clinks when it is knocked together with another piece. The moisture of the
wood has a significant impact on how clean the burning is as well as on the
efficiency of the stove. You can start the fire with birch bark or newspapers.
The thermal value of wood differs from one type of wood to another. For
example, you must burn 15 % less beech than birch to obtain the same heat
quantity. If you burn large amounts of wood, which has a high thermal value,
the life span of the stove will shorten!
Keep the burning material in a separate storage area. You can keep a small
amount of burning material in the vicinity of the stove as long as its
temperature does not exceed 80 °C.
Do not burn the following materials in the stove:
- Burning materials that have a high thermal value (such as chipboard, plastic, coal, brickets, pellets)
- Painted or impregnated wood
- Waste (such as PVC plastic, textiles, leather, rubber, disposable diapers)
- Garden waste (such as grass, leaves)
Sauna Stones
- The stones should be 10–15 cm in diameter.
- Only proper stones meant for the specific purpose should be used as sauna stones. Peridotite, olivine-dolerite and olivine are suitable stone types. Stones found in nature may contain harmful substances, such as iron pyrite, and therefore should not be used.
- Wash off dust from the stones before piling them into the stove.
- Place the larger stones at the bottom and the smaller ones on the top.
- Make sure that air circulates between the stones.
- Do not place stones against the frame around the stone space or on top of it.
- Do not place stones between the grille and the stove body!
figure 2. Preparing the stove and piling the stones
Heating the Stove
Before heating the stove make sure that there are no unnecessary items in
the sauna or inside the stove’s safety distances.
- Empty the ash box.
- Place the firewood into the fire chamber, leaving enough room for the combustion air to flow between the firewood. Place the biggest firewood on the bottom and the smaller ones on the top. Use firewood with a diameter of 8–12 cm. Fill ca 2/3 of the fire chamber with firewood (consider the thermal value of wood, 2.3.).
- Place the kindling on the top of the firewood. By starting the fire on the top of the firewood, fewer emissions are produced.
- Fire the kindling and close the door. The amount of draught can be adjusted by opening the ash box.
- When heating the stove, it is generally a good idea to at first keep the ash box slightly open. This ensures that the fire starts burning properly.
- Excessive draught will cause the stove body to become red-heated, which will shorten its life span considerably.
- During bathing, and when the sauna room is already heated, the ash box can be closed to keep down the fire and decrease wood consumption.
- If necessary, place more firewood into the fire chamber when the ember is dying down. Use firewood with a diameter of 12–15 cm. It takes only a couple of pieces of wood to maintain the bathing temperature.
Prolonged, intense heating may cause risk of fire!
- Excessive heating (several full loads in a row, for example) will make the stove and the chimney overheat. Overheating shortens the stove’s life span and may cause risk of fire.
- A good rule of thumb is that temperatures of over 100 ºC are too high in a sauna.
- Observe the correct wood quantities noted in the heating instructions. Let the stove, chimney and sauna room cool down if necessary.
Sauna Water
The water that is thrown on the stones should be clean household water. Make
sure the water is of high enough quality, because water containing salt, lime,
iron or humus may prematurely corrode the stove. Especially seawater will
corrode the stove very rapidly. The following quality requirements apply to
household water:
- humus content <12 mg/litre
- iron content <0.2 mg/litre
- calcium content <100 mg/litre
- manganese content <0.05 mg/litre
Throw sauna water on the stones only. If you throw water on the hot steel surfaces, they may blister due to the large temperature variation.
Maintenance Stove
- The ash box should always be emptied before heating the stove so that the combustion air that is lead through the box would cool off the fire grate and lengthen its life span. Get a metal container, preferably standing model, to put the ash in. As the removed ash may include hot embers, do not keep the ash container close to combustible material.
- Soot and ashes gathered in the smoke canals of the stove should be removed occasionally through the soot openings ( 1.2.).
- Due to large variation in temperature, the sauna stones disintegrate in use. Therefore, they should be rearranged at least once a year or even more often if the sauna is in frequent use. At the same time, any pieces of stones should be removed from the stone space, and disintegrated stones should be replaced with new ones.
- Wipe dust and dirt from the stove with a damp cloth.
Chimney
- The chimney should be swept at regular intervals to ensure sufficient draught.
Troubleshooting
There is no draught in the flue. Smoke comes into the sauna.
- There are leaks in the flue connection. Seal the connection ( 4.2.2.).
- The brick flue is cold.
- There is low pressure caused by an extractor fan or another device in the room. Make sure there is enough air to compensate.
- Several fireplaces are used at the same time. Make sure there is enough air to compensate.
- The ash box is full.
- The smoke canals of the stove are blocked ( 2.7.).
The sauna does not heat up.
- The sauna is too big in relation to the stove’s heating capacity ( 1.1.).
- There is lots of non-insulated wall surface in the sauna ( 1.1.).
- The burning material is moist or its quality is otherwise low ( 2.3.).
- The flue does not have a good draught.
- The smoke canals of the stove are blocked ( 2.7.).
The stove stones do not heat up.
- The sauna is too small in relation to the stove’s heating capacity ( 1.1.).
- The flue does not have a good draught.
- The burning material is moist or its quality is otherwise low ( 2.3.).
- The smoke canals of the stove are blocked ( 2.7.).
- Check the stone placement ( 2.4.). Remove the small pieces of stone and stones that are less than 10 cm in diameter from the stone space. Replace the disintegrated stones with large and undamaged ones.
The stove emits smell.
- See section 2.2.
- The hot stove may emphasize odours mixed in the air that are not, however, caused by the sauna or the stove. Examples: paint, glue, oil, seasoning.
SAUNA ROOM
Effects that Heating the Stove has on the Sauna Room
Light-coloured floor materials will become dirty from the ash, particles of
stone and metal flakes that fall from the stove. Use floor coverings made of
dark materials and dark joint grouts.
It is perfectly normal for the wooden surfaces of the sauna room to blacken in
time. The blackening may be accelerated by
- sunlight
- heat from the stove
- protective agents on the walls (protective agents have a poor heat resistance level)
- fine particles disintegrating from the sauna stones which rise with the air flow
- smoke that enters the sauna, for example, when adding firewood.
When installation instructions given by the manufacturer are followed, the stove will not heat the inflammable material in sauna room to a dangerous level.
Ventilation of the Sauna Room
Gravity exhaust ventilation (figure 3)
- A. The fresh air inlet must be placed close to the floor near the stove and
- B. its outlet should be as far as possible from the stove and near the ceiling. The stove itself circulates air effectively; the purpose of the outlet is mainly to remove moisture from the sauna after bathing.
Mechanical exhaust ventilation (figure 4)
- A. The fresh air inlet must be approx. 500 mm above the stove and
- B. the outlet should be close to the floor, for example, below the bench.
Sauna Room Hygiene
Bench towels should be used during bathing to prevent sweat from getting onto
the benches.
The benches, walls and floor of the sauna should be washed thoroughly at least
every six months. Use a scrubbing brush and sauna detergent.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR INSTALLATION
Before Installation
Before installing the stove make sure that all safety distance requirements
are fulfilled. There shall be no electrical devices, wires or inflammable
materials within the established safety distances around the stove
- If the safety distance requirements are not fulfilled, you should use additional protection ( 4.1.3., 4.1.4.).
- The local fire authorities in charge of approving the installations can provide more detailed information about fire safety regulations.
Protecting the Floor See figure 5.
- A. Concrete floor without tiles. The stove can be installed on a concrete floor without any specific safety measures, if the concrete is at least 60 mm thick. Make sure that there are no wires or water pipes in the concrete cast below the stove.
- B. Floor made of inflammable material. Protect the floor with at least 60 mm thick slab of concrete. The slab must extend to a distance of 300 mm from the stove on the sides and behind (unless the stove is next to a wall) and at least 400 mm in front of the stove. The slab should be supported slightly above the floor surface to keep the floor material dry. You can also use the Harvia protective sheath and bedding ( 4.1.4.).
- C. Tile floor. The floor glues and plasters and waterproof materials used below the tiles are not resistant to the heat radiation of the stove. Protect the floor with the Harvia protective bedding ( 4.1.4.) or similar heat radiation protection.
Safety Distances See figure 6.
- A. Ceiling. The minimum safety distance between the stove and the ceiling is 1200 mm.
- B. Masonry walls. Leave 50 mm between the stove and walls, provided that the air can circulate in front and to one side of the stove. If the stove is installed in a recessed wall, leave 100 mm between the stove and walls for the air circulation.
- C. Walls and benches made of inflammable materials. The minimum safety distances to inflammable materials: 500 mm on either side and behind the stove, 500 mm in the front.
- D. Space required for use and maintenance. The stove user needs at least one square metre of space in front of the stove.
Protective Covers
See figure 7. The specified safety distances from inflammable materials can
be reduced to half with a single protective cover and to one-fourth with a
double protective cover.
- A single protective cover (1x) can be made of non-flammable fibre-reinforced concrete plate (mineral plate) with a minimum thickness of 7 mm or of a metal sheet with a minimum thickness of 1 mm.
- A double protective cover (2x) can be made of two of the plates mentioned above.
- Fixing points must be placed close enough to one another to ensure a sturdy structure.
- Leave at least 30 mm space between the surface to be protected and the plate/s.
- The protective cover should extend at least 600 mm higher than the top surface of the stove.
- A masonry wall at least 55 mm thick is the equivalent of a single protective cover. A masonry wall at least 110 mm thick is the equivalent of a double protective cover. The masonry should be open from the sides and at least 30 mm away from the surface to be protected.
Installing the Stove
Connecting the Stove to a Masonry Flue Make an opening in the fireproof
wall for the flue connection. Notice that the opening has to be at the correct
height, if you intend to use, for instance, a protective bedding. The hole
should be slightly larger than the flue connecting pipe. A suitable gap around
the connection pipe is ca. 10 mm. It is advisable to round off the inner
corners of the flue opening to ensure that the combustion gases can flow
freely to the flue.
Connecting the stove to a masonry flue via the rear connection opening (figure
8)
- Attach the flue connection pipe (in the package) to the rear connection opening so that the side with a depression faces upwards. Ensure that the pipe fits tightly in place. If necessary, hit it gently with a hammer.
- If the pipe cannot be attached tightly, bend the holder with a screwdriver.
- Push the stove into place. Do not block the flue by pushing the flue connection pipe too far into the flue. If necessary, shorten the pipe.
- Seal the flue connection pipe to the opening in the fireproof wall, for example, by using fireproof mineral wool. Make sure that the flue connection is tightly sealed. Add more fireproof mineral wool if necessary.
Connecting the stove to a masonry flue via the upper connection opening (figure 9) You will need an angled smoke pipe (45° or 90°) for the upper connection.
- Move the blocking plug from the upper connection opening on the rear connection opening.
- Bend the holding springs of the plug to the sides through the upper connection opening so that the plug tightly stays in place.
- Attach the flue connection pipe to the upper connection opening. Ensure that the pipe fits tightly in place.
- Push the stove in place. Do not block the flue by pushing the flue connection pipe too far into the flue. If necessary, shorten the pipe.
- Seal the flue connection pipe to the opening in the fireproof wall, for example, by using fireproof mineral wool. Make sure that the flue connection is tightly sealed. Add more fireproof mineral wool if necessary.
HRRVIR
Harvia Oy
PL12
40951 Muurame Finland
www.harvia.fi