MICROCHIP AN5489 PCI and PCIe Bus Cards User Guide

MICROCHIP AN5489 PCI and PCIe Bus Cards

Specifications

• Product: Microchip PCI/PCIe Bus Cards
• Compatibility: NTPd software
• Operating Systems: Linux

Product Usage Instructions

Bus Card Compatibility And Operating Systems
The Microchip bus card models are compatible with the NTPd software. Ensure you have the necessary SDKs for Linux from Microchip.

Step-By-Step Instructions for Microchip
Hardware Installation
Follow these steps for hardware installation:

1. Locate an available PCI/PCIe slot on your host computer.
2. Power off the computer and unplug it from the power source.
3. Insert the Microchip bus card into the selected slot, ensuring it is firmly seated.
4. Secure the card in place with the screw or clip provided.
5. Close the computer case and reconnect any cables.
6. Power on the computer.

Software Installation/Configuration
For software installation and configuration:

1. Download the required SDK for your specific bus card model from MyMicrochip.
2. Install the drivers as per the instructions provided in the SDK.
3. Configure NTPd to recognize the bus card as a time reference.
4. Follow any additional setup steps outlined in the SDK documentation.

FAQ

• Are drivers for the bus cards available for free?
  Yes, all SDKs and drivers are available for free from MyMicrochip after registering on the platform.

• Can NTPd obtain time from sources other than time servers?
  Yes, NTPd can obtain time from various sources including GPS clocks, radio clocks, and clocks installed on the computer PCI/PCIe bus using Reference Clock Drivers.

• What operating systems are supported for using Microchip bus cards with NTPd?
  The Microchip bus cards are compatible with Linux operating systems for accurate clock steering with NTPd.

Introduction

The longstanding NTP daemon is a remarkable piece of software. Some think of it as a piece of software to serve time, others as a time client synchronization application. In truth, it is both timing server and timing client. As a time server or time client, it gets time from somewhere and steers the local clock of the host computer on which it is running. The clock- steering algorithms and controls for getting the time and steering the local clock work quite well.
What is different for NTPd running as a server is that it can obtain time from sources other than another time server. By using what is called as Reference Clock Drivers, NTPd can obtain time from GPS clocks, radio clocks, even clocks installed on the computer PCI/PCIe bus.
Reference clock drivers (ref clock drivers for short) are built into the NTPd software. Through proper configuration of the free NTPd and some free software from Microchip, very precise time can be obtained from the very accurate Microchip bus level PCI/PCIe timing cards and used to steer the local clock. This is particularly useful in precisely steering the clock of a Linux® computer that has a Microchip PCI/PCIe bus card installed.
The following figure outlines the use of NTP to accurately steer a local clock with a bus card time reference.

Figure 1. Steering a Local Clock with a Bus Card and NTP

This application note provides instructions on using NTPd and Microchip Bus Level PCI/PCI Express Cards to accurately steer a Linux based local clock.

Bus Card Compatibility And Operating Systems

The following Microchip bus card models are all compatible with the NTPd software. Different SDKs for Linux from Microchip may be required. All SDKs and drivers are available for free from MyMicrochip (after registering, perform a file search for your bus card model (for example, BC635PCIE). The search will take you to the product page. Under the Software section of the product page, you will find the drivers).

The following table lists the Microchip bus card models compatible with NTPd
Table 1-1. Microchip Bus Card Models Compatible with NTPd

**Note: *** These are our legacy bus card models compatible with NTPd, but are no longer available for purchase.

Step-By-Step Instructions for Microchip

The following sections provide step-by-step instructions for installing Microchip drivers and NTPd. This includes both hardware and the software installation instructions.

Hardware Installation
Install the Microchip bus card in the Linux computer by inserting it firmly on an empty PCI slot. You need a screwdriver to do this.

Software Installation/Configuration
Before beginning with the software installation, login as a Root user. Follow these instructions to complete the installation.

1. Install bc635/637 driver per instructions in user manual or the README file.

   • Verify installation by running the bc63xPCIcfg program in the sample folder.
   • Verify that after rebooting the computer, the sample program operates properly. If not, then follow the instructions to add the module to the boot script.

2. Copy the library file, libbcsdk.so, from the sample folder to /usr/lib/.

3. Make a link to the device driver:
   ln –s /dev/windrvr6 /dev/btfp0

4. Rename the driver name windrvr6 to the one you installed under the /dev directory.

5. Download the NTP source code from www.ntp.org/downloads.html. Version 4.2.8p18 is used for this document.

6. Before working on NTP, perform the following:

   • Run the demo program bc63xPCIcfg-so under the SDK sample directory to make sure the card is working correctly.
   • Issue command option 1 (Read Current Time) and it should show the binary time continuously.
     Notice it should show UTC time, not the local time. If not, use command option 15 to change local time offset to 0 to revert it to UTC, or option 8 to select binary time format.

7. On NTP, perform the following:

   • Extract the downloaded source code:
     tar –xvzf ntp-4.2.8p18

   • Edit /etc/ntp.conf. If it does not exist, create one:
     Add the server line:
     server 127.127.16.0 prefer mode 2 burst minpoll 4 maxpoll 4
     You can remove the other server lines, or leave them as a backup time sources.

8. Configure the build environment:
   cd
   ./configure –enable-BANCOMM
   Make sure the buscard SDK library will be linked to the ntpd daemon app:
   cat ntpd/Makefile | grep bcsdk
   You should see LIBS = -lbcsdk. If not, manually edit Makefile.

9. Modify file ntpd/refclock_bancomm.c to comment out the “attribute weak”:
   extern uint32_t / attribute ((weak)) / bcReadBinTime(SYMMT_PCI_HANDLE, bcBinTimeT, bcBinTimeT, uint8_t);
   extern SYMMT_PCI_HANDLE / attribute ((weak)) / bcStartPci(void);
   extern void / attribute ((weak)) */ bcStopPci(SYMMT_PCI_HANDLE);

10. Build the ntpd daemon. To do this, issue the following command at the top level of the source code:
    sudo make install
    This should build the ntpd daemon under the ntpd directory.

11. Make sure no ntpd instance is currently running by using the following command ps -A | grep ntpd
    This command should show nothing. If not, follow these steps:

    • Use command killall ntpd to terminate the running instance.

    • Start the daemon app:
      cd ntpd
      sudo ./ntpd -g

    • Make sure only one ntpd instance is now running:
      $ ps -A | grep ntpd
      This command should show ntpd running.

12. Query ntpd for its peers: ntpq –p

    • Should show GPS_BANC(0) under remote. If it does, the corresponding ‘reach’ value should change from zero, but if it does not change then the bus card is not reporting it is synchronized.
    • If GPS_BANC is not listed, then stop the ntpd and run it again with the –version option to make sure that the correct version of the daemon is being started.

13. To verify the bus card is referenced after a system reset, stop NTPd:
    root:~# ps -ef | grep ntp
    root 17865 1 0 10:27 ? 00:00:00 ntpd -g root 17886 17869 0 10:27 pts/4 00:00:00 grep –color=auto ntp
    root:~# kill 17865

14. Start ntp as a service: service ntpd start (If service is not found, substitute ntp for ntpd.

15. Repeat step 11 to determine if the ntpd that is started as a service is the correct version. If it is, then the setup is complete. Otherwise, continue on.

16. Determine where there are copies of ntpd:
    root:~# whereis ntpd
    ntpd: /usr/sbin/ntpd /usr/local/bin/ntpd /usr/share/man/man8/ntpd.8.gz

17. Run each executable with –version tag to determine which executable is the old version:
    root:~# /usr/sbin/ntpd –version
    ntpd – NTP daemon program – Ver. 4.2.4p7 root:~# /usr/local/bin/ntpd –version ntpd – NTP daemon program – Ver. 4.2.8p18

18. Remove/rename any executables that are not the current version, then create a symbolic link in their place to point to the correct version of the kernel:
    root:~# mv /usr/sbin/ntpd /usr/sbin/ntpd-old root:~# ln –s /usr/local/bin/ntpd /usr/sbin/ntpd

19. Repeat step 13 and step 14 until it shows that the correct version is now being started as a service.

Verifying that NTP is Using the Bus Card for Time:
Executing ntpq -p at any time will report the peers that the NTP daemon is currently using.

• If a connection refused message is returned, then the NTP daemon is not running and can be started as in step 13
• Each row that is returned by ntpq -p is one peer that the NTP daemon may use, and the number of peers depends on your ntp.conf file
  • The bus card is represented as GPS_BANCOMM and should have the asterisk (*) next to it as this represents that it is currently the source that NTP is using for synchronization.
• The reach column for the bus card should be close to 377.
  • This column specifies how successful the NTP daemon has been at reaching the source and ranges from 0 (unable to reach the last 8 attempts) to 377 (successfully reached for the last 8 attempts). If NTP has just been started, this value may be zero, but should start increasing within 20 seconds assuming the poll values were set to 4 as in step 7b.

Resources
This section lists the available resources to help you use the ntpd:

• NTPdaemon: www.ntp.org
• Microchip bus card drivers: www.microchip.com/MyMicrochip
  • After registering, perform a file search for your buscard model (for example, BC635PCIE). The search takes you to the product page.
  • Under the Software section of the product page, you will find the drivers
• Microchip bus cards: www.microchip.com/en-us/products/clock-and-timing/systems/gnss-timing-accessories/time-frequency-bus-cards

Contacting Technical Support

If you encounter any difficulty installing the update or operating the product, contact Microchip Frequency and Time Division (FTD) Services and Support at:

Frequency and Time Division 3870 N First Street
San Jose, CA 95134-1702|

• Toll-free in North America: 888-367-7966, Option 1
• Telephone: 408-428-7907
•  E-mail: SJO- FTD.Support@microchip.com
• Website: microchipsupport.force.com/s/

Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA)| Microchip FTD Services and Support EMEA
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85635 Hoehenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn Germany|

•  Telephone: +49 700 3288 6435
• Fax: +49 8102 8961 533
• E-mail:
  • SJO-FTD.Support@microchip.com
  • sales-europe@microchip.com
• Website: microchipsupport.force.com/s/

Asia| Suite A201, 2nd Floor, West Wing, Wisma Consplant 2, No. 7, JalanSS16/1, 47500 Subang Jaya Selangor, Malaysia|

• Toll-free in North America: 888-367-7966, Option 1
• Telephone: 408-428-7907
•  E-mail: SJO- FTD.Support@microchip.com
• Website: microchipsupport.force.com/s/

Revision History
The revision history describes the changes that were implemented in the document. The changes are listed by revision, starting with the most current publication.

Table 5-1. Revision History

Microchip Information

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References

• Microchip Lightning Support
• 免费精品国产自产拍观看,精品久久久久久亚洲精品,337p日本大胆欧美人视频
• Empowering Innovation | Microchip Technology
• Empowering Innovation | Microchip Technology
• Design Help and Other Services | Microchip Technology
• Welcome to the home of the Network Time Protocol (NTP) Project.
• Welcome to the home of the Network Time Protocol (NTP) Project.
• Welcome to Network Time Foundation's download archive.
• Microchip Lightning Support
• Empowering Innovation | Microchip Technology
• Client Support Services | Microchip Technology
• Microchip Lightning Support

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