307 HPLC Piston Pump
User Manual

SAFETY

Please read this section carefully before installing and operating the equipment.
The instrument described in this User’s Guide is a programmable piston pump that can give flow rate gradients and can synchronize with other instruments using rear panel input and output connections. It should only be used in the laboratory or similar indoor environment, by qualified personnel. If the instrument is used in a manner not specified by Gilson, the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired. For safe and correct use of the instrument, it is essential that both operating and service personnel follow generally accepted safety procedures as well as the safety instructions given in this User’s Guide. Cleaning, installation, dismantling, maintenance, adjustment and repair should only be performed by personnel trained in such work, and who are aware of the possible dangers involved. Voltages present inside the instrument are potentially dangerous. If there is a problem with the instrument, the power cable should be removed until qualified service personnel have repaired it. This is to prevent anyone from inadvertently using the instrument, thus causing possible harm to themselves or damage to the instrument itself.
The leakage current of this instrument is within the limits allowed by safety standards for laboratory equipment. An efficient ground connection is imperative for the physical protection of the user. Ensure that the ventilation fan on the Piston Pump operates and is not obstructed when the instrument is installed.
Power supply cord reference 500005 is for use in France and Germany. Power supply cord reference 500006 is for use in the USA and Canada. For other countries contact your local Gilson representative. You must only use the type of fuse described and specified in this document: 2.0 Amp type “T” slow blow for use where the power supply is between 100 V and 120 V. 1.0 Amp hipe “T” slow blow for use where the power supply is between 220 V and 240 V
Adequate protection such as ventilation must be provided if dangerous liquids are used in the analytical work. If incidental spillage occurs, carefully clean-up the spillage, taking into account the nature of the spilled liquid including all required safety measures. This instrument must not be sterilized, using an autoclave, or any other mechanical device. When you need to clean this instrument, use one of the three following methods:
1 – A clean dry cloth.
2 – A cloth dampened with water.
3 – A cloth dampened with soapy water.
If a cloth dampened with soapy water is used to clean the instrument, only domestic soap may be used. No other form of detergent or chemical may be used.
Safety Symbols The following electronic and hazard symbols appear on the 307 Module:

INTRODUCTION

The Gilson 307 Piston Pump is designed to produce accurate and reproducible flow rates in the range 0.025 to 5 ml/min. It can be programmed to give flow rate gradients  and to synchronize with other instruments using the inputs and outputs.

USING THIS MANUAL
The 307 Piston Pump is a precision instrument which is simple and easy to use. To gain the maximum from the instrument, you should:

• Read the description of the instrument in chapter 2.
• Install the instrument as shown in chapter 3.
• Follow the operating instructions given in chapter 4.

UNPACKING
The 307 Piston Pump is packed in a single carton. Upon receipt of your instrument, carefully unpack the unit and inspect it for possible damage. Check the contents of the  carton against the parts list to verify that all parts are included and undamaged. The parts list is given in Appendix A. Do this now, even if the unit will not be used  immediately. Report any damage to the responsible carrier immediately. Read the description in chapter 2 to become familiar with the instrument, its different parts and their names.

WARRANTY
If the instrument does not appear to function correctly, first verify the electrical connections are correct and that the instrument is switched ON. Contact your Gilson agent  for technical advice or an eventual service visit . Any service required will be given within the warranty conditions assured by your Gilson agent.

CUSTOMER SERVICE

Gilson and its worlwide network of authorized representatives provide you with four types of assistance: sales, technical , applications and service.
The service personnel of Gilson’s representatives are able to serve you more efficiently if you provide the following information:

• The serial number and model number o f the equipment involved.
• Computer model (if used), available memory, microprocessor and operating software version(s) in operation.
• The installation procedure you used.
• A concise list of the symptoms.
• A list o f operating procedures and conditions you were using when the problem arose.
• Alist of other devices connected to the system and asystem diagram showing the connections.
• A list of other electrical connections in the room.

DESCRIPTION

This chapter describes the physical layouto f the 307 pump. It describes the front panel of the pump and the position of the electrical connectors on the rear panel.

FRONT VIEW

Figure 1 shows a front view of the 307 pump with a pump head mounted. There is a keypad which consists of a display, a numeric keypad and soft keys for programming the  307. The pump head is mounted on the right hand side.

1. Digital display
2. Numeric keypad
3. Pump head
4. Pump head clamp
5. Pump head inlet
6. Pump head outlet
7. Manometric module connections
8. Side grip
9. Side screws
   Figure 1

KEYPAD
Figure 2 shows the keypad with the numeric keys, the display and the soft keys.

1. Power on indicator
2. Display: two 24-character lines are use d to display parameters, commands and messages.
3. Softkeys: their functions are determined by the software and may change from menu t o menu. The present functions are displayed above each softkey.
4. PRIME: the pump runsat its maximum flowrate until you press the STOP softkey.
5. HELP: displays advice and instructions at any time, with no effect on the operation o f the pump.
6. CANCEL: cancels your last entry before i t has been stored in the memory.
7. ENTER: confirms a selection or parameter value and stores t in the memory.
8. Numeric keypad: this is usedto key in values during programming. The parameter being modified is always underlined with a flashing cursor.

REAR VIEW
Figure 3 shows a rear view of the 307 Piston Pump with the electrical connectors. The function of each connector is as follows:

• GSIOC FROM CONTROLLER
• INPUT/OUTPUT CONTROLS
• Powerswitch
• Power receptacle

Connection to a computer.
Connector for the 307 inputs and outputs.
On/ off power switch.
Voltage selector and fuse holder.

1. Power switch
2. Power socket
3. Fuse holder and voltage selector
4. Input/Output socket
5. GSIOC from controller socket
6. Manometric module Figure 3 – Rear view

INSTALLATION

This chapter describes how to install the 307 pump. It is recommended that you follow the installation instructions in the order that they are presented in the manual.

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
The instrument requires two fuses to be installed. The type of fuses required are:
2.0 Amp type “T” slow blow for 100 – 120 V, 1.0 Amp type “T” slow blow for 220 – 240 V.
For safety reasons, Piston Pumps are delivered without fuses installed. Fuses must be installed by the user upon delivery.

INSERTING THE FUSES
Ensure that the power cord is not connected before starting to install the fuses. Follow the procedure below to install the two fuses.

• The voltage selector and fuse holder is located below the power socket. See Figure 4. Pull the voltage selector out of the power receptacle. This is done by gently levering  the selector out using a small screwdriver.
• Pull out the drawer as shown in Figure 4. Insert the first fuse into the clips.
•  Push the drawer back into position.
• Pull out the drawer for the second fuse which is on the other side of the voltage selector. Insert the second fuse into the clips.
  The following f u s e ratings are used, depending on the volt- age selected. The two fuses are included in the standard accessory package.

SELECTING THE VOLTAGE

The 307 Piston Pump can be set to operate at 100/120 volts or 220/240 volts. The different voltages are selected depending on the orientation of the fuse holder.

• Toset the voltage to 100/20 volts: Insert the fuse holder with the numbers 110/120 on the bottom, facing the small white arrow.
• Toset the voltage t o 220/240 volts: Insert the fuse holder with the numbers 220/240 on the bottom, facing the small white arrow.

For safety reasons , do not connect the power cord until you have finished assembling the instrument.

MECHANICALINSTALLATION
This section explains how to install the pump head, the mast clamp and mast. The pump head and mast clamp for each pump should be installed before positioning the modules.

PUMP HEAD INSTALLATION
The pump head is shipped ina hard case to protect it during transit. Unpack the pump head from its case and check that all of the parts are included. Follow the procedure  below to install the pump head.

• Insert the pump head into the front aperture of the pump. See Figure 5. The notch at the bottom of the pump head body mustbe fitted on to the matching pin on the pump, just below the aperture. This notch ensures that the inlet port is on the bottom and the outlet port is on the top.
• Holding the pump head in place with one hand, set the clamp diagonally over the head.
• Turn the clamp clockwise into position in the slots on both sides of the pump head.
• Tighten the thumb screw until the clamp holds the pump head securely. Make sure that the clamp ends are secured in their slots on both sides.

See the pump head User’s Guide for more information.

MAST INSTALLATION
The mast is used to stabilise a system when several modules are stacked on top of each other. It is used to hold the prime/purge valve and a manual injection valve. The mast  clamp should be installed before positioning the 307 pump in a system. The mast is added after all o f the modules have been put in place. Follow the procedure below to  install the mast clamp.

• Remove the side screw holding the module cover. See Figure 6.
• Screw on the mast clamp.

Fix one clamp onto each modulein the system. After all the modules have been positioned, the stainless steel mast can be secured within the clamps.

POSITIONING THE MODULES
Before putting each module in position, make sure that each module is ready, i. that the fuses have been installed and that any mechanical installation is finished.
The physical positioning of each of the modules in your system will depend on your type of system. A suggested layout is given below for a 307 pump and a Gilson 231-401 auto-sampler. This is an auto-analytical system with 1 pump, 1 detector and 1 auto-sampler. The 307 should be on top. This makes it easy to read the display and to use the keypad.

CONTROL CONNECTIONS
The 307 pump and the other modules in a Gilson system communicate using the Gilson Serial Input/Output Channel (GSIOC). Each module in a system has a GSIOC  connector on its rear panel and is connected to a system controller using a GSIOC cable. This is the case when a 307 pump is controlled by a computer with a Gilson  HPLC software package.
Toconnect the 307 pump to asystem controller:
Connect the socket marked GSIOC FROM CONTROLLER on the rear panel of the 307 pump to the system controller using a GSIOC cable.

HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONS
The hydraulic connections for the 307 pump head are made using the tubing provided in the standard accessory package. Connect the 307 pump head input with the inlet tubing assembly provided with the pump head. The connections to the 307 pump head output should be made using stainless steel tubing. The outlet of the pump head should be connected to one of the two ports of the internal dampener / transducer. The other portis then connected to the rest of the system.

INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTIONS
For coordination with surrounding equipment, electrical contacts are used.
The Input /Output connector is a 14-pin terminal block connector.
Connections are made to the inputs and outputs using the connector supplied in the standard accessory package.

Start/Stop
Pause/Resume
IN #1
IN #2| Out# 1
Out# 2
Out# 3
Out# 4

The function and pin numbers for each input and output are a s follows.

OPERATION OF THE INPUTS
To activate an input, you must connect it to ground or Volts. This is usually done using a relay output, with one ‘olts.

ysing youtput, wside connected to 0 Volts (Pin 1 ) and the other side connected to the input. When the output is closed, the input is connected to 0 Volts and is activated. See  Fig. 8. Each of the four inputs are described below in detail.
In the Program mode, Stop does NOT stop the flow, it only stops the program from continuing. The flow will continue with the flow rate which existed when the stop in put was activated. The program will restart from the beginning when the contact is opened.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14| Ground
Start / Stop Input
Pause/Resume Input
IN#1 Input
IN#2 Input
Out#3 Output
Out#3 Output
Out #2 Output
Out#2 Output
Out # 1 Output
O u t # 1 Output
Out #4 Normally open

THE START / STOR INPUT
The start / stop input is used to start and stop the 307 pump using an external relay contact. This input is only activated when the input changes from open to closed or from  closed to open. The operation for each mode is given in the table opposite.
In Dispense mode, the Start input can be activated witha pulse.

Flow
Dispense
Program| Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open| Start flow
Stop flow
Start Dispense
Stop Dispense
Start program
Stop program

THE PAUSE / RESUME INPUT

The pause/resume input is used to pause and restart the 307 pump using an external contact. This input is only activated when the input changes from open to closed or from closed to open. The operation for each mode is given in the table opposite.
In the Program mode, this input can be configured to obtain a pause with or without flow. This choice is offered inside the software branch I/O, within the  screen ;

The default value is with (w) flow, press change to obtain a pause without (w.o) flow. During a pause with flow, the flow will continue with the flow rate and composition which existed when the pause input was activated. The program will continue from the same point in the program when the resume contact is opened. The pause without input is particular interest when the 307 is used as a metering pump tofeeda reagent in high pressure reactors . I n this application, the 307 can wait for correct values of external parameters (temperature, pressure, composition) before adding more reagent.

Closed Open
Closed Open| Pause flow
Resume flow after Pause
Pause flow
Resume flow after Pause
Pause program Restart program

I. Pause/Prog is w. flow
Next Prev Change Quit

THE IN #1 INPUT
This input only operates in the Program mode. It is fully programmable. It can be used to make the program wait until a piece of equipment is ready. An example for this input is when the pumping system is wai- ting for a signal from a sample injector . See programming the inputs in chapter 4 for more information.

Wait input #1 Closed
Wait input #1 Closed
Wai tinput#1 Open
Wait input#1 Open| Open
Closed
Open
Closed| Wait IN #1 is closed
Continue with program
Continue with program
Wait IN #1 is open

THE IN #2 INPUT
This input is activated when closed. Activating this input while Program mode is selected, causes File 13 to run. If nothing is programmed in File 13 or if File 13 is already  running, this input will be ignored. This input is only activated when the input changes from open to closed or from closed to open. This input can be used to start a special  program if an external signal is received, for example a warning signal from a temperature measuring system.

Program
Program| Open
Closed| No effect
Start File 13

OUTPUT CONTROLS
The 307 pump has four output relays. Outputs 1, 2 and 3 consist of two terminals. These terminals can be connected together (contacts closed) or not connected together (contacts open). Output 4 consists of a common, a normally closed and a normally open contact. All o f the outputs are electrically isolated from each other and from ground. These contacts can be used to control other equipment, e.g. to turn on or off another piece of equipment. See programming the outputs i n chapter 4 for more information.

OPERATION

SWITCHING ON THE PUMP
After switching on the Model 307, a display appears for one second.
This indicates the software version (currently V2.1). After this step, one o f the Ready-to-Run Screens is displayed.
Pump Model 307 V x.xx

HYDRAULIC PRIMING
Check that the solvent bottle is filled with HPLC grade, degassed solvent or buffer. Immerse the inlet tubing filter into the solvent reservoir. Make sure that all of the  hydraulic connections are properly made.
Do not run the pump head dry, severe pump head damage can result.
Use the syringe supplied with the pump head to prime the pump.

• Attach the syringe to the luer fitting o f the low pressure prime valve. See F i g . 9.
• Draw liquid into the syringe with the low pressure prime valve in the SYRINGE LOAD position.
• Turn the valve to the SYRINGE-INJECT position. Press the PRIME key on the front panel o f the 307, the pump will start running at its maximum speed. Depress the  syringe until the pump inlet is clear o f bubbles and some liquid has passed through the pump outlet.
• Turn the valve to the RUN position. Remove the syringe from the low pressure prime valve. When no bubbles can be seen at the outlet tubing, press the STOP soft key to end the priming procedure.

UsING THE KEYPAD
The keypad consists o f numeric keys, dedicated keys such a s Enter and Prime, a two-line 24 character display and five white soft keys. The function of each part of the  keypad is as follows.

The 24 character display is used to show flow rates and input/output operations. The bottom line of the display is used to present soft key options above the 5 white soft keys. Pressing one of the white soft keys selects the option displayed directly above it. The following soft key options will occur frequently and should be noted.

Time is expressed in minutes and hundredths of a minute. For example 2.50 minutes is 2 minutes and 30 seconds.
The words ‘Key in’ mean enter a numerical value. A flashing cursor underlines the current parameter being modified.

The symbol # is used to show the factory set value.
The symbol is used to show a key which must be pressed or a value which must be entered.

SETTING UP THE PUMP
The software for the 307 pump will be explained with the help of the flow chart in Figure 10.
The flow chart has 4 software branches.

As can be seen from the flowchart, the Ready-to-Run screens give the choice of Run or Menu.
Run will start the pump with the parameters that were last used. Menu gives you the choice of going to one of the four menus.
With a new pump, you must enter data about the pump and the solvent being used. This is done using the Pump branch of the software. You must also enter data about the  overall pumping system, for example high pressure limit, low pressure limit etc. This is done using the I/O branch o f the software.
This is only necessary for a new system or when the physical setup of the pumping system is changed. An explanation of the Pump and I/O menus follows.

SETUP PUMP HARDWARE (PUMP)

To go to the setup pump hardware menu:

• pressMenu
• pressPump

The sequence of parameters is:

1. Refill time
2.  Liquid Compressibility
3.  Head size

Avalue for each parameter is keyed in using the keypad and is stored in memory by pressing Enter. Pressing Enter automatically brings you to the next menu. If you do not  want to change the value already stored in memory, press Next.

PUMP REFILL TIME
The Refill time is the time required for the piston ape  return stroke. Normally it is set at the lowest value (125 ms). If cavitation or degassing occurs, then a higher value must  be used. The minimum value is 125 ms and the maximum value is 1000 ms.
The maximum flow rate dependson the refill time. If the refill time is too long , a message Invalid settings flashes when you run the program. The refill time or flow  rate must be lowered. Figure 11showsa curve o frefill times versus flow rate.

The default value is 125 ms.

• Key in the refill time and press Enter.

PUMP COMPRESSIBILITY
This data is used to calculate the flow rate compensation for the compressibility of the solvent. eos.
The minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 2.
2000 Mbar. Compressibility values for the common solvents at atmospheric pressure are listed in Appendix D. For CO,, a compressibility of 1150 Mbar™ should be entered  for a pressure of 6 MPa at 7°C. The values for the most common solvents are:

The default value is 46 for water.

• Key in the value for the solvent being used with pump A and press Enter.

Carbon Dioxide
Water
Methanol
Acetonitrile| 1150
46
123
99

Pump Heap Size
This parameter is the size of the pump head. Possible values are 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200.
It is possible to use any head size with the Gilson 307 pump. However to ensure accuracy, reproducibility and efficient pulse dampening, the flow rate should not exceed  5ml/min.

The default value is 5,

• Key in the value for the pump head size and press Enter.

Press Info to display the operating time for the pump head. This time can be reset to zero by pressing Reset. This is used to remember how many hours the pump head has  been working since the last reset. It should be reset every time the pump head has routine maintenance or when a new pump head is installed.
Press Quit to return to the Ready-to-Run screen.

INLET PRESSURE
The inlet pressure, PO, is the pressure at the inlet of the pump head. This allows the accurate pumping of liquefied gas. It mustbe set to the same valueas the pressure of the aspirated liquid, thatis the saturating vapor pressure at the ambient temperature for liquefied gas delivered from a pressurized cylinder. When using carbon dioxide at a temperature o f 22°C, the value of the inlet pressure should be defined as 6 MPa. A table of inlet pressures is shown below.

Ambient Temperature (°C)|| 15 20 22 25 30 31 (T,)
---|---
Pressure PO (MPa)| 5158 60 65 72 7.4 ( P , )

• Key in the desired inlet pressure, the default value is MPa.
• Press ENTER.

INPUT / OUTPUT PARAMETER SETUP (I/O)
The I/O menu is used to enter data about parameters associated with the complete system.
To go to the Input/Output parameter setup:

• press Menu
• press I/O.

The sequence of parameters is:

1. High pressure limit
2. Low pressure limit
3. Alarm
4. GSIOC identification number
5. Output contacts
6. Pause/Prog with or without flow
7. Zero pressure reading

High Pressure Limit
If the pressure reading from the manometric module rises above this limit, the pump will stop. The sequence following a high pressure error is described later in this chapter. The pressure can be displayed in three different units, bar, MPa or kpsi. Change the units by pressing the soft key below the units display, bar, MPa or kpsi.
The maximum value is 600 bars.

The default value is 600.

• Key in the pressure limit that applies to your system and press Enter.

Low Pressure. Limit
If the pressure reading from the manometric module drops below t h i s limit, the pump will stop. The sequence following a low pressure error is described later in this chapter.

The minimum value is 0.

The default value is 0.

• Key in the value that applies to your system and press Enter.

ALARM
The alarm is a buzzer which sounds every time there is an error or an invalid setting. It can be programmed to be either On or Off . This function only controls the  operation of the buzzer, i t does not affect the operation o f the pump when there is an error.
If the alarm is On, the warning buzzer will sound every time there is an error. An error can bea pressure limit , or an invalid setting. This parameter can be changed from  On to Off and vice versa by pressing the soft key Change.
• Select the option that you want and press Next to go to the next menu.

GSIOCUNITIDENTIFICATION NUMBER
A Gilson system can be controlled from a computer using a GSIOC interface and GSIOC cables. Each instrument in a system must have a unique identification number to  distinguish it from other equipment connected to the GSIOC communications channel.
The GSIOC identification number in the 307 can be set between 0 and 63.

The default value is 1.

• Key in the identity number for the pump and press ENTER.

OUTPUT XX IS OPEN / CLOSED
There are four relay outputs in the 307 pump numbered 1, 2,3 and 4. These outputs are used to control other instruments. They can be programmed to open and close during a method run. They can also be opened and closed manually.
To change the state of an output, key in the number of the output. For example output #2. When you press Enter, the display will show the present state of output is open or closed. Press the soft key Change to change the state of the output. By using this procedure, each o f the 4 outputs can be manually set to be open o r closed. The outputs will remain in this state until a method program is run and a change in the outputs is programmed.

This is a manual method for setting the outputs to be open or closed at the start of a run. Setting the outputs manually is useful to check that output # 1 turns o n the  integrator, for example. However, when repeating the same operation many times , it is better to program the output operations a spart of a method program.
In this way, the outputs will follow the same sequence each time the metho d program is run. Refer to programming the outputs later in this chapter.

The default state is open.

• Press Next to go to the next menu.

PAUSE PROG WITH/WITHORT FLOW
This option runs in Program mode only. It enables the system to be controlled from an external sensor. For example, a temperature sensor can be used to pause the system if  the temperature is outside a desired range. The program and flow can be paused together, or the program can be paused whilst the flow rate continues. External parameters  such as temperature, pressure, or composition can be monitored to control the system.

ZEROPRESSUREREADING
The Zero soft key is used to set the pressure reading to zero when there is zero pressure in the system. This ensures accurate pressure readings when the pump is running. Before pressing Zero, make sure that the pump has stopped and the pressure has dropped to zero, otherwise further pressure indications will be incorrect . If the  operation is successful, the message ‘Pressure reading is zero’ is displayed. If the operation is not successful due to pressure in the system, the message ‘Not done, check  pressure’ is displayed.
You have now completed the Input/Output parameter setup. Press Quit to leave this section of the software. This will bring you back to the Ready-to-Run Screens.

LEAVINGTHESETUP MENUS
The two menus, pump parameter setup and I/O parameter setup are now completed. The 307 pump has all of the information that i t needs. The next step is to operate the 307 pump.
After entering the data about the pumping system, the pump is ready to run. The 307 pump can operate in 3 different modes. These modes are :

Flow: The 307 pump provides a constant flow rate. The pump starts when the Run key is pressed and stops when the Stop key is pressed .
Dispense: The 307 dispenses a specified volume. The pump starts when the Start key is pressed and stops when the specified volume has been dispensed.
Program: The 307 controls a complete system. In this mode, the 307 pump can create gradients of flow rate, open and close outputs t o control other instruments and wait  for signals from other instruments.
The operation of each mode is explained separately.

USING THE FLOW MODE

RUNNING THE PUMP IN FLOW MODE
In this mode, the pump provides a constant flow rate, beginning when the Run key or start input is activated and stopping when the Stop key orsto p input is activated.
To go to the Flow mode:

• pressMenu
• pressMode
• press Flow

This brings you to the Flow mode Ready-to-Run Screen.
The flow rate can be set between 0.01% and 100% o f the pump head size. A flow rate value will not be accepted if it is larger than the pump head size. If the selected flow rate is incompatible with the refill time orcom pressibility , the message Invalid settings blinks after pressing Run. In this case, you must lower the refill time or the flow rate.

• Key in the flow rate in ml/min and press Enter. The pump is now ready to run.
  Pressing Run will start the pump. Pressing Stop will stop the pump.

MODIFYING PARAMETERS DURING A RUN
During a run, the flow rate can be modified at any time by keying in a new value. During arun it is possible to review and change the setup parameters without stopping the pump. Press Menu and follow the procedure as already described to modify the setup parameters.

OPERATION OF THE PRESSURE LIMITS IN THE FLOW MODE
If there is ahigh pressure error, the pump willstop and the message High pressure limit will flash on the screen. The pump will start again when the pressure drops below the  limit.
This cycle will continue indefinitely. If it is programmed to be on, the alarm will sound.
If there is a low pressure error, the pump will stop and the message Low pressure limit will flash on the screen. The pump will stay in this condition until the Stop key is  pressed. If it is programmed to be on, the alarm will sound.
The maximum limits depend on the Refill time and Compressibility. If the values are not compatible with the flow rate entered , the message Invalid settings will flash on  the screen after the Run key is pressed. In this case you must lower the refill time or the flow rate.
The Flow mode can be simulated in the Program mode, with the advantage of having safety error files and being able to program timed events.

USING THE DISPENSE MODE

RUNNING THE PUMP IN DISPENSE MODE
In this mode the pump delivers a specified volume beginning when the Run key or start input is activated and finishing when the specified volume of liquid is delivered.  The parameters are dispense volume, dispense flow rate o r time of dispense.

To go to the Dispense mode

• pressMenu
• press Mode
• press Disp

This brings you to the Dispense mode Ready-to-Run Screen.
Two parameters are displayed on the top line, the dispense volume and the dispense rate.
Key i n the dispense volume (ml) and press Enter. The flashing cursor moves from below the dispense volume to below the dispense rate.
Key i n the rate at which the specified volume will be delivered (ml/min). Press Enter. The second parameter can be changed from flow rate to time by pressing the soft key  directly below Time. In this case you enter the time in which the liquid is to be dispensed.
The limits for each o f the parameters are as follows.

The maximum dispense rate depends on the Refill time and Compressibility. If the values are not compatible with the dispense flow rate or volume entered, the message  Invalid settings will flash on the screen after the Run key is pressed. I n this case you must lower the refill time or the flow rate.
If the dispense flow rate or volume is not compatible with the head size, the software will not accept the value and you must key in a new value . If the head size is  modified so as to be too small, after the dispense volume and flow rate have been entered, the Run soft key will not appear in the menu when you return to the dispense Ready-to-Run Screen.
Press Run to start the delivery of the liquid. The delivery willstop when the specified volume is delivered.
After pressing Run, the display changes to Roll – Pause.

Press Pause to interrupt the dispense operation. The display changes to End- Continue. Press End to terminate the delivery without dispensing any more liquid. Press  Continue to finish delivering the specified volume of liquid.
Press Roll to view the programmed dispense volume and the volume already dispensed.
Press Roll again to view the programmed time for the dispense and the time already elapsed.
Press Roll again to view the flow rate.

MODIFYING THE VALUES
During a run it is not possible to change the dispense volume or delivery rate. The setup parameters can be reviewed and modified during a run. Press Menu and follow the procedure as already described to modify the setup parameters.

OPERATION OF THE PRESSURE LIMITS
If there is ahigh pressure error, the pump will s t o p and the message High pressure limit will flash on the screen. The pump will start again when the pressure drops below  the limit.
This cycle will continue indefinitely. If i t is programmed to be on, the alarm will sound.
If there is a low pressure error, the pump will stop and the message Low pressure limit will flash on the screen. The pump will s t a y i n this condition until the End key is  pressed. If it is programmed to be on, the alarm will sound.
The Dispense mode can be simulated in the Program mode, with the advantage of having the safety error files and being able to program timed events.

USING THE PROGRAM MODE

OVERVIEW
In this mode, the 307 pump can create flow rate gradients, open and close outputs and wait for inputs. The 307 pump controls instruments such a s auto- samplers and  fraction collectors using the input/output contacts on the rear panel of the 307. The Program mode can also simulate the Flow and Dispense modes, with the advantage o f  safety error files and the ability to program timed events.
Before creating a method program in the 307 pump, it is necessary to understand how the method programs are stored i n memory.

MEMORYLAYOUT
There are 14 files, numbered 1 to 14. Each file can store one program. There are 10 files available for method programs, 1 to 10. Files 11 to 14 are for error/ safety programs.
A file contains timed events. A timed event is a flow rate, the operation of an input or the operation of an output. One file stores a maximum of 25 timed events which make  up the method program.
The error files, 11 to 14, do not contain pre-stored programs. You write each error program in exactly the same way as a method program. This allows you t o program the  sequence of events that will happen when an error occurs. If an error occurs during a run, the method program stops and the error program starts. See later in this chapter  for the exact operation of the error files.

FILE MANAGEMENT
One complete method is stored ina file. In order to read /edit/ write a method, you have to
go to the file.
To go toa file:

• press Menu
• press File.

This brings you to the Select file menu.
Key in the number of a file , for example 1, and press Enter.
There are five soft key options available.

Dmecrory
Press this key to go to each stored file, e .g . File 1, File 3 etc . This displays all of the files where method programs are stored. If no programs are stored, as in the case of  anew pump, Select file # — will be displayed. Key in the file number that you want t o use and press Enter.

Cory
Press this key to make a copy of a complete file . This is useful if you want t o make a small modification to an existing program and keep a copy of the original program. After pressing copy, key in the file number where the copy will be stored and press Enter. The software indicates if the file where you want to store the copy is empty (New) or if there is a program already stored there (Exists). You have the choice of completing the copy procedure, Yes, or ending the procedure without making a copy, No. The copy of the program can then be modified without destroying the original.

DEE
Press this key to delete a complete file . The deleted file is the file currently shown on the upper line o f the display. After pressing Del, Delete file # xx ? is displayed. This  is a safeguard against accidental erasure. There are two options: Yes deletes the file, No brings you back to the original menu.

Epr/New
If there is no program stored i n the file number that is displayed on the top line, the display will be New, if there is a program stored in the file , the display will be Edit.  Both o f these options will bring you to the first step in writing / editing a method program.

Our
Pressing Quit brings you back to the Ready-to-Run Screens.
Pressing the Edit/New key brings you to the first menu i n the programming sequence, Number of loops. You are now ready to write a method program.

PROGRAMMING A METHOD
A complete method program is written by programming flow rates and the operation of the inputs and outputs. The method program run time starts a t time 0.00, i .e . when  the start key is pressed, and ends at the time of the last timed event. For example, if you program the last event at time 20.00, then the run time is 20 minutes.
You must program every event for your method, starting at time 0.00. If you do not program a flow rate at 0.00 minutes, the pump will assume the current flow rate. For a  pump which is stopped, the software will assume a flow rate of 0 ml/min. If the pump is running, it will assume the current flow rate for time 0.00. It will then operate on a  gradient between this value and the first flow rate in your program.

Menu: NUMBER OFLOOPS

The number of loops is the number o f times that the program will repeat itself before stopping. The minimum value is 1 and the maximum value is 999.

The default value is 1.

• Key in the number of loops and press Enter.
  This brings you to the When finished, use menu.

Menu: WHENFINISHED, USE
At the end of a program, you can link the current file to any of the 14 files. If you do not want to link to any other file, press the soft key below None on the display.
If you link to the current file, i . e . link File 3 to File 3, the program will continue to run until the Pause key is pressed.
If both looping and linking are programmed, the software will complete the programmed number o f loops, then link to the new file.

The default is None.
Key in the number o f the file you want to link to and press Enter, or press None.

One complete method program is stored in a file. The values for the five parameters; Refill time, Compressibility, Pump Head Size , High pressure limit and Low pressure limit for that program are also stored in the same file . If you link two or more files together, you must ensure that they all have the same values for these parameters.
If you link files together which have different values, the pump will not start. After pressing Run the display will give you the message Note ! Setup has changed since file creation. Pressing Ok gives you the choice of which setup parameters to keep by asking the question Keep original setup ? Yes – No. If you choose Yes, the values which are stored in  the first file in the sequence o f files will be loaded into all of the file s which are linked together. If you choose No, the values which are currently stored in the setup parameter memory will be loaded into all of the file s which are linked together.
In the case of linking to an error file which has different setup parameters to the method file, the parameters for the method file automatically replace the values which  were written in the error file. This brings you to the Choose an event type screen.

Menu: CHOOSE ANEVENT TYPE
There are three different types o f timed events. You choose one of the different events by pressing the soft key below it. The three timed event types are:

Fiow
In this menu you set the flow rate, for example, 2 ml/min. There are two pieces of data for this menu.
– Time at which flow rate occurs
– Flow rate i n ml/min

Example:

To program this example:

• press the Add soft key
• press Flow
• key i n the time for the first flow rate, 0.00, and press Enter
• key in the value for the flow rate, 0, and press Enter
• press Add to add a second timed event
• key i n the time for the second flow rate, 5 , and press Enter
• key i n the value for the flow rate, 3, and press Enter.

There will be a linear gradient between any two programmed flow rates. With the above example, the flow rate will linearly increase from 0.0m l / min to 3.0 ml/min in 5.00 minutes.

If you try to enter a flow rate value which is too high for the pump head, the entry is refused by the software.

If you do not program a flow rate at 0.00 minutes, the software will assume the current flow rate for time 0.00 minutes, i .e . for a stopped pump, a flow rate o f 0 ml/min.
There will then be a gradient between 0 ml/ min and the first programmed flow rate. With the example programmed, the flow rate will be as shown in Figure 12. To stop  the flow o f solvent at the end of a run, you must program a flow rate of 0 ml/min. Otherwise, the pump will continue to run with the last programmed flow rate, even after  the last timed event.
If the system is set up to do more than one sample, the initial flow rate for the method can be maintained between method runs by programming this flow rate at the end of  the program, for example 2 ml/min.
At the end of all the samples, link to another file to completely stop the flow of liquid. See  Figure 13.

WAIT
In this menu you can make the program wait until Input # 1 is activated. This is used to stop the program until another piece of equipment is ready, for example an auto- sampler or a fraction collector. There are two pieces of data for this menu.

– Time a t which the pump will wait for an input
– Waiting for an open contact o r a closed contact
Example: 2.00 min Wait #1  Closed.

To program this example:

• press the Add soft key
• press Wait
• key in the time for the wait to begin, 2.00, and press Enter
• press close

The program waits at time 2.00 minutes until input #1 is closed. If input #1 is already closed at time 2.00 mins, the program will continue. If input # 1 is not closed, the program will wait.
During the time that the program is waiting, the display will show the total run time and the time that it has been waiting.
If a pump is waiting for an input, pressing Cancel will simulate an input and the program will continue.

Our
In this menu, you can program each of the outputs in the system to open or close. The outputs are numbered 1, 2,3 and 4 and are used t o send signals to other equipment in  the system, for example an auto-sampler or a chart recorder. By having the output operations as part of the method program, the same sequence of contacts is repeated every  time the method program is run.

There are three pieces of data for this menu.

• Time at which output is operated
• Output number
• Output opened, closed or pulsed

Each of the outputs can be made to open, close or pulse. Pulse means that the output will change its current state for 0.6 of a second.

Example:
Screen 1 3.00 min
Screen 2 Open Close Pulse
Output 2

To program this example:

• press the Add soft key
• press Out.
• key in the time for the output to operate, 3.00, and press Enter.
• key in the output number, 2, and press Enter.

The display will change to Open, Close or Pulse.

• press the soft key below close

READING/WRITING/EDITING TIMED EVENTS
The three different types of timed event have been explained above. At the end of programming each event, the menu gives you five options. These options are explained  below.
Next: displays the next timed event in the sequence. If there are no more events, i t displays End of file.
Prev: displays the previous timed event in the sequence. If there are no more previous events, i t displays Beginning of file.
Add: brings you to the Choose an event type menu to allow you to add another event to the present program .
Del: deletes one timed event in the program. Asa safeguard it asks you, Delete this point?
Press Yes to delete the event o r No to return to the original menu.
End: leaves the software for programming timed events. The pump displays Solvent consumption in ml for on ecomplete run o f the method program. The minimum value is < 0.lml and the maximum value is > 999ml.
Press Quit to go to the Ready-to-Run Screen. You have now finished creatinga program method file. Before running amethod program, you should program each of the  four safety / error files.

PROGRAMMING THE ERROR FILES

The error/ safety files are used to control the pumping system if there is an error. If an error occurs, the method program is stopped and the safety /error program is started.  The number and function o f each file is listed opposite.

11
12
13
14| Low
High
Input
Power| File runs after a low pressure error
File runs after a high pressure error
File runs i f input # 2 is activated
File runs after a power failure

These programs are created in exactly the same way as a method program. To program the low pressure safety error file , select file 11 and enter the sequence of flow  rates and input/output  operations that you require when there isa low pressure error. Similarly, enter a program for the high pressure error file , Input # 2 error file and the  power failure error file . The Input # 2 contact can be connected to an external safety dev ice such as a temperature or pressure measurement system.
An example of simple programs for the high and low pressure error files are given in program examples at the end of this section.

Low PRESSURE ERROR FILE
If the pressure goes below the low pressure limit the sequence of events is as follows.
If the low pressure error file (11) contains no program, the method program will stop and cannot resume until the operator presses the Pause soft key followed by End.

If the low pressure error file contains a program, the method program will link to this file and will runit. After file 11 is finished, if there is a link to another file, this new file will start to run. If there is another low pressure error during file 11, the pump will stop and cannot resume until the operator presses the Pause soft key followed by End.

HIGH PRESSURE ERROR FILE
If the pressure goes above the high pressure limit, the sequence of events is as follows:
If the high pressure error file (12) contains no program, the pump stops at the instant the pressure rises above the limit. If the pressure drops below the limit  again, the pump will restart. This cycle will continue indefinitely.
If the high pressure error file contains a program, the pump stops and waits for the pressure to drop below the high pressure limit contained in File 12. When the pressure is below this limit, file 12 will begin to run. After file 12 is finished, if there is a link to another file, this new file will start to run. If there is another high pressure error during file 12, the pump will stop until the pressure drops below the limit and will then restart. This cycle will continue indefinitely.

INPUT #2 ERROR FILE
When input # 2 is activated, it causes the following sequence of events.
If there is no program in file 13, activating input # 2 will have no effect and the method program will continue.
If there is a program stored in File 13, when input # 2 is activated, File 13 will start. File 13 will start to run even if the system was not previously running. If  there is a link to another file at the end of the program, the linked file will start to run.

POWER FAILURE ERROR FILE
The power failure error file will only operate if there is a power failure while a method program is running. The sequence of events after a power failure is as follows:
If there is no program stored in File 14: after the power is restored, the program will go back to the start of the method file and wait for a start input. If there is more than one file in the method, i.e. one file is linked to another, the program will go back to the beginning of the first file in the method.

If there is a program stored in file 14: after the power is restored, the program in file 14 will be run. If there is a link to another program at the end of file 14, the linked file will start to run. If the alarm is on, it will sound.
If there is a power failure in the Flow or Dispense modes, it has the same effect as if the pump was turned off and turned on again. The screen presented will be the Ready-to-Run Screen of the last used mode.

RUNNING A METHOD PROGRAM
At the end of programming the method and error files, the software returns to a Ready-to-Run Screen. The top left corner will indicate which Ready-to-Run screen you are in. To go to the Program mode Ready-to-Run Screen:

• pressMenu
• press Mode
• press Prog

The pressure can be displayed in 3 units, bar, MPa or kpsi. To change the units , press the soft key directly below bar. The units will change to MPa. Press the soft key again to change the units to kpsi. Press the soft key again to change the units back to bar.

The Ready-to-Run Screen displays the present file number, the pressure, and gives you 3 soft key options, Cond, Menu and Run. You can go to any file by keying in a new number and pressing Enter.

• The Cond soft key brings you to the part of the software which is used to condition the column. You program a ramp time and a flow rate. The initial conditions are the existing conditions for the pump, i.e. for a pump which is not running 0 ml/min. The flow rate programmed should be the flow rate that is required at the start of the method program. The flow rate is then ramped from 0 ml/min to the initial flow rate for your method program.
• press Cond
• Enter the ramping time and press Enter
• press Flow
• Enter the flow rate for the end of the ramp time

Press Run to start the conditioning of the column. The pump will ramp to the flow rate that is programmed in the time programmed. The values for time, flow rate can be changed during the conditioning. At the end of the ramp time, the flow rate will remain constant. Note that you can leave the conditioning of the column and create a program without interfering with the conditioning of the column.

After pressing Run, the display changes to give you the choice of Roll, Stop or Quit. Pressing Roll displays in turn the time for the ramp and the flow rate.

This part of the software is also used at the end of a method program to clean the column. The initial conditions will be the final flow rate which existed at the end of your method program.
You can ramp the flow rate down to 0 ml/min to completely clean the column.

• The Quit soft key brings you to the Select Menu Item menu. This gives you access to the pump setup parameters, the pump I/O parameters and the method file. Press this key to verify or change the value of any parameters in these sections.
• The Run key starts the program running. When this key is pressed, the display changes. The figure in the top left hand corner is the file number. The number in parentheses is the loop number. If there is more than one loop in your program, the present loop number will be displayed here. The first time displayed is the actual running time. The second time displayed is the total running time for the method program.

Onecomplete method program is stored ina file. The values for the five parameters; Refill, Compressibility, Pump Head Size, High pressure limit and Low pressure limit for that program are also stored in the same file. If you link two or more files together, you must ensure that they all have the same values for these parameters.

If you link files together which have different values, the pump will not start. After pressing Run the display will give you the message Note! Setup has changed since file creation. Pressing Ok gives you the choice of which setup parameters to keep by asking the question Keep original setup ? Yes – No. If you choose Yes, the values which are stored in the first file in the sequence of files will be loaded into all of the files which are linked together. If you choose No, the values which are currently stored in the setup parameter memory will be loaded into all of the files which are linked together. In the case of linking to an error file which has different setup parameters to the method file, the parameters for the method file automatically replace the values which were written in the error file.

If a program has a link to a file which has nothing stored in it, the program will not start when Run is pressed. The message Link file does not exist is displayed and the alarm will sound.

After pressing Run, the bottom line of the display changes to Roll/Menu/Pause.

Pressing Roll will display in turn:

• current file/loop number/running time and program time
• current file/loop number/ flow rate
• current file/current loop/total number of loops
• the time that the 307 is waiting on an input

Pressing Roll once more brings you back to the Run screen.
The Menu soft key has the same function as before.
Press Pause to freeze the program. The pump will continue to run, keeping a constant flow rate. The pump will stay in this state until another key is pressed. When Pause is pressed the screen changes to Stop/End/Cont.

• Stop will cause the pump to stop. The method file remains in the Pause state.
• End will cause the termination of the method file without stopping the pump. The pump will continue with the flow rate that existed when it was paused. The screen returns to the Program mode Ready-to-Run Screen.
• Cont will cause the program to restart from the point where it was paused.

N.B. To terminate a program completely and stop the flow, you must press Stop followed by End. More brings you back to the previous screen. If amethod program has terminated and the pumping system is still running, press Cond followed by Stop.

The input Start/Stop has the same effect as the End soft key in the Program mode.

During a method run, the setup parameters and the method program can be modified. Modify a parameter in the same way that you program it. If the flow rate is modified during a run, the new value will take effect from the instant it is programmed.

If a flow rate is modified while the pump is running, the new flow gradient will be between the next programmed point and the flow rate which existed at the instant the modification was made.
After a method program has finished, the display returns to the Ready-to-Run screen.

PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE

An example program is given below. Before running this example program, ensure that the hydraulic circuit is properly connected.

EXAMPLE
In the example given in List 1, the flow rate will start at 1 ml/minand increase to4 ml/min after 2 minutes. An output will close at 0.00 minutes to start the integrator. The method will only operate once and will not link to another file when it is finished. Enter this program following the steps given in Program list 1.

Note that it is necessary to program a flow rate of 0 ml/min at the end of the program to stop the flow, the flow does not automatically stop when the program is finished. It will continue with the last programmed flow rate. To stop the flow at 4.00 minutes you must program a flow rate of 4ml/minute at 3.99 minutes and 0.00 ml/min. at 4.00 minutes.

Note on programming sheet
Appendix G contains a programming sheet which can be copied. An example of how to use the programming sheet is also given. The sequence you should follow is:

• Fill in the File Number and name
• Fill in the SETUP parameters for your system
• Draw the flow rate gradients on the graphs provided, remembering to mark the axes
• Fill in the table for Input/Output operations
• Write the programming steps. Finish one section before going on to the next, i.e. program all of the flow rate time points before going on to the input/output time points. The 307 software will arrange all of the time points in the correct sequence.

After writing the method program, it is necessary to write the programs for the safety /error files. Simple programs are given in list two and three for the Low  pressure error file and the High pressure error file. In both programs, the flow rate is programmed to be 0 ml/min. This is a simple example of an error file.

Enter these two error programs before running Example 1. After entering the two pressure error programs, the system is ready to run. Press Run. The display will look like Figure 15. When the method program is finished, the Ready-to-Run screen is displayed.

Program List 1

Menu File
1/ENTER New/Edit
1/ ENTER None Out 0/  NTER 1/ENTER Close Add Flow
O/ENTER 1/ENTER Add Flow
2/ENTER
4/ENTER End Quit| Select file 1 Go to file 1 Loop No link at end of method Program the output At 0.00 minutes
Output # 1
Close output # 1
Add the next timed event Enter the flow rate At 0.00 minutes Flow rate = 1 ml/min.
Add the next timed event.
Enter the flow rate At 2.00 minutes.
Flow rate = 4 ml/min
Finish writing method file Solvent consumption: 5 ml Go to Ready-to-Run screen

Program List 2

Menu File
11/ENTER New/Edit
1/ENTER None Flow
O/ENTER
O/ENTER
End
Quit| Low pressure error file Go to file
1 Loop
No link to other files
Enter the flow rate
At 0.00 minutes
Flow rate = 0 ml/min
Finish writing error file

Program List 3

Menu File
12/ENTER New/Edit
1/ENTER None Flow
O/ENTER
O/ENTER
End
Quit| High pressure error file Go to file
1 Loop
No link to other files
Enter the flow rate
At 0.00 minutes
Flow rate = 0 ml/min
Finish writing error file

MAINTENANCE

The 307 pump has been designed to require a minimum level of care and maintenance. In practice, maintenance is limited to cleaning and replacing parts of the pump head.
Check valves and filters can be cleaned. Piston seals, check valves, piston assemblies, anti- extrusion gaskets and return springs can be replaced. A maintenance kit is available for each model of pump head. For details about maintenance kits and procedures, see the User’s Guide for your pump head.
The use of equipment for continuous, unattended operation is becoming more and more important. For this reason, Table I gives an indication of replacement periods of maintenance parts according to the type of use, intensive, regular or occasional. The data in Table I assumes that the pump is working at half of its maximum flow rate and pressure. The nature of the liquid and the pump head model have only a small influence on these figures. The time between each maintenance operation can be viewed by using the Info soft key in the Pump menu.

Table I: Indication of replacement periods of maintenance parts according to the type of use.

Piston seal
Set of check valves Piston assembly Anti-extrusion gasket Return spring| 2 – 3 months
3 – 6 months
6 – 12 months
6 – 12 months
1 year| 6 – 9 months
l year
2 – 3 years
2 – 3 years
2 – 3 years| 1 year
2 years
5 years
5 years
5 years

TROUBLESHOOTING

ELECTRICAL PROBLEMS

Pump does not operate and power indicator does not light. Incorrect voltage setting.| Power cord unplugged. Fuse blown.| Check for power.
See ‘electrical installation’ in chapter 3.
Invalid settings flashing| Refill time is too long for the flow rate programmed| Lower the Refill time or flow rate.
Pump does not stop at end of program| Not programmed| To stop the flow at the end of a method program, you must program a flow rate of O ml/min.

HYDRAULIC PROBLEMS

Replace piston seal.
Refer to User’s Guide for the pump head.
Low flow rate.| Leaks.
Plugged inlet filter.
Defective check valve.
Pump head not mounted properly.| Check for leaks.
Clean or replace the inlet filter.
Refer to User’s Guide for the pump head. Clean or replace the check valve.
Refer to User’s Guide for the pump head.
Check that the pump head is properly mounted.
Air bubbles appear in both inlet and outlet tubing.| Loose connection of inlet tubing.
Worn flange of inlet tubing.
Inlet filter partly clogged.
Refill time is too short for the solvent.| Tighten the connection (but do not overtighten).
Replace the inlet tubing.
Clean or replace the inlet filter. Increase the refill time.
Air bubbles appear only in outlet tubing.| Loose connection of outlet tubing.| Tighten the connection (but do not overtighten).
Poor dampening effect| Defective membrane in the manometric module.| Return to Gilson.
Fluent from the column is coloured blue.| Manometric module membrane is broken.| Return to Gilson.

APPENDIX

A ACCESSORY PARTS LIST

1. STANDARD ACCESSORY PACKAGE

Only one power cord and one set of fuses are supplied. The standard accessory package that you receive will contain suitable parts for your voltage.

2. SPECIFIC ADDITIONAL ACCESSORIES

units may be required according to the system configuration.
267020| Mast clamp
267022| Mast, aluminum, 450 x 16 mm, hexagonal

B GSIOC CONTROL

This section explains how to control the 307 from a computer using Gilson HPLC system controller software.

1. GSIOC FEATURES
GSIOC stands for Gilson Serial Input Output Channel. This communications channel links all of the Gilson modules ina system together. The system controller controls all of the modulesinasystem by sending GSIOC commands to the slave modules, for example pumps or detectors. Each device connected to the GSIOC channel is distinguished by a GSIOC identity number between 0 and 63.
The GSIOC identity number is set by switches inside each module orby the modules software. The controller communicates with oneslave deviceata time. The hardware and software requirements to control a module from a computer using the GSIOC are as follows:

• An IBM PC AT, XT, PS 2 computer or compatible.
• A Gilson interface module, 506B or 605.
• A Gilson HPLC system controller software package.

To get started you must:

• Install the Gilson HPLC system controller software into the computer.
• Connect the computer to the Gilson interface using the cable provided with the interface.
• Connect the output from the interface to the Gilson module using a GSIOC cable.
• Start the Gilson HPLC system controller software.

Consult the GSIOC technical manual and the interface manual for more details.

2. GSIOC COMMANDS
The GSIOC commands can be used to control Gilson modules directly from a computer or from a Gilson HPLC system controller software package. The use of the GSIOC commands is completely detailed in the 307 technical manual.

C SOLVENT MISCIBILITY TABLE

1. SOLVENT MISCIBILITY TABLE
Solvents should be miscible, that is, they should mix with each other in all proportions. This is important during elution, but also during solvent changeover. For your convenience, a solvent miscibility table is provided.

D LIQUID COMPRESSIBILITY VALUES

1. BIBLIOGRAPHY DATA
The values of isothermal compressibility given below can be used for the Compressibility value in the pump setup menu. These values are given under atmospheric pressure (X,) and are expressed in Mbar’.
The following table refers to Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, 60th Ed. (1979).

25
30
40| 103-105
106-108
112-113
120-122
Ethanol| 20| 110-112
25| 114-116
30| 118-119
40| 126-127
Acetone| 20| 123-127
25| 124
30| 133
40| 144-156
Methanol| 20| 121-123
25| 125-127
30| 129-130
40| 138
n-Heptane| 20| 140-145
25| 142-149
30| 150-155
40| 160
n-Hexane| 20| 150-165
25| 161-171
30| 165-180
40| 183
Diethyl ether| 20| 184-187
25| 195-200
30| 208-209

2. OTHER DATA
For other currently used liquids at ambient temperatures (20-25°C), the following data is given. This data is a result of experiments done using the 307 pump, the figures are not presented as physical constants of scientific value.
If no data is available in this Appendix for the liquid you use, and if you wish an accuracy error within the specifications, you can experimentally determine a value to reach this goal.

(Mbar ‘)
---|---
Acetonitrile| 99
Tetrahydrofuran| 93
Water-methanol, 10-90(v-v)
Water-methanol, 20-80 ”
” 40-60 ”
” 50-50 ”
” 60-40 ”
” 80-20 “| 117
86
56
52
46
40

To do so, use a trial-and-error empirical method. Select the initial value for Liquid Compressibility according to the following guide-lines

• For an organic solvent, take a value given for the same, or similar, chemical family
• Fora mixture, including salt aqueous solutions, take the value of the dominant solvent.

Pump your liquid under high pressure to obtain a significant error, preferably use a gravimetric method if you know the density of the liquid.
Then, with a few successive approximations, adjust the Liquid Compressibility value by assuming a linear relationship between this parameter and the resulting error.

E FLOWRATE ACCURACY PRINCIPLE

To generate the selected flow rate with high accuracy, maintained under high pressure and for a variety of liquids, the 307 software adds two complementary corrections to the basic ‘piston flow rate’. Defined from the piston stroke volume only, the piston flow rate is theoretically accurate at atmospheric pressure only.

The objective flow rate, F, is considered as the sum of three components

F 0, the piston flow rate decreases when pressure increases;
F 1, the compensation flow rate for the liquid compressibility, increases with pressure; and
F 2, the compensation flow rate for all other factors, also increases with pressure.

The piston flow rate, F,, is defined by

with N,, number of piston cycles per unit time; and V,, piston stroke volume.

The compensation flow rate for the liquid compressibility, F, , is calculated as a function of five variables

where V D is the volume of the dead space inside the compression chamber;
P, the operating pressure; and
X, the compressibility of the liquid under the pressure P.

In the 307 software, X is calculated using the simplified Tait equation

Coefficient ¢ varies only slightly with the nature of the liquid. It is a constant included in the software.
Coefficient d is calculated from the Liquid Compressibility at atmospheric pressure, X, (for P=0), entered by the user as a «set-up» parameter.
Values of X, for some common solvents are tabulated in Appendix D.
Operating pressure, P, is continuously transmitted to the pump by the Manometric Module (pressure feedback).

The complementary compensation flow rate for all other factors, F,, is defined as the difference

It was measured and the experimental results were expressed using a simple function of operating pressure P

Coefficients a and b were determined for each pump head. They are manufacturing constants attached to the parameter Head Size, a second ‘setup’ parameter entered by the user.

All of these factors taken together allow the 307 to deliver a highly accurate flow rate, independent of the pump head size, type of liquid and pressure.

F 307 PROGRAMMING CHART

G 307 PROGRAMMING SHEET

SETUP PARAMETERS

Pressure: High limit =
Low limit = Units:

Loops =
Link file =
Solvent| Refill| Comp| Headsize
| | |

SETUP PARAMETERS

Pressure: High limit = 600
Low limit = ΛO  Units: Bar

Loops = ΛO
Link file = None
Solvent| Refill| Comp| Head size
Methanol| Λ25| Λ23| 5

I/O OPERATIONS

PROGRAM STEPS

H TECNICAL DATA

Type: Programmable reciprocating pump, with single piston interchangeable head, constant stroke and fast refill motion, internal pulse dampener, and pressure feedback.

WORKING RANGE

• Flow rate: 0.010 – 5 ml/min (programmable down to 0.5 pl/min).
• Pressure: 0.1 – 60 MPa.
• Temperature: 0 – 40°C for the module.

Pump HEADS: Any Gilson model working in the above range, specifically the 5SC for standard applications and the 10 WSC for salt-concentrated solutions (> 0.1M).
LIQUID CONTACT MATERIALS: 316L stainless steel, sapphire, ruby, PCTFE, PTFE/HDPE.

PULSE DAMPENING

• Pulsation: less than 1% with water at 1 ml/min and pressure higher than 8 MPa.
• Dampener volume: 0.6 ml at atmospheric pressure, and 1.6 ml at 60 MPa.

FLOW RATE PRECISION AND ACCURACY AT 20°C OVER FULL WORKING RANGE

• Coefficient of variation: 0.1 – 0.6% with aqueous solutions or hydro-organic polar solvent mixtures, and 0.3 – 1% with hydrocarbons or chlorinated volatile solvents.
• Maximum accuracy error: + 1% with water over the full flow rate and pressure ranges.

OPERATING MODES: Constant flow rate (Flow), constant volume (Dispense), and time-based sequence (Program).

PROGRAM MODE AND SYSTEM CONTROL

• Time: adjustable from 10 to 10 min, with increment from 0.01 to 1 min depending on the range used.
• Program points: up to 25, including flow rate and external events.
• Flow rate: adjustable in ml/min, from 0.01% to 100% of the head maximum flow rate.
• External events: 4 outputs contact closures to activate auto-sampler, integrator, fraction collector and detector autozero, and 1 input to wait for injection.
• Up to 999 program loops and program linking.
• Safety functions: 4 dedicated programs, for pressure outside of selected limits, input of an emergency signal (temperature threshold, leak detection, etc), and power failure.

Memory Capacity: 10 user’s programs and 4 safety programs.
DISPENSE MODE: Volume adjustable in ml from 10 * to 10? times the pump head size. For a5 SC head, from 0.5 pl to 500 ml. Dispense time or flow rate can be selected.
PUMP PARAMETERS: Head number (5 or 10), liquid compressibility (0 to 2000 Mbar ”), refill time (125 to 1000 ms) and inlet pressure (0 to 10 MPa).
USER INTERFACE: 2 x 24 character LCD display. Front panel keypad. Built- in help messages.
Information display for use and maintenance.

DIGITAL INTERFACE: Gilson Serial Input Output Channel (GSIOC) slave connector on rear panel.
ELECTRICAL INTERFACE: 4 inputs and 4 relay outputs on rear panel.
CONFORMITY TO NORMS (From serial 168001):
Gilson’s 307 Piston Pumps conform to EEC Directive 89/336/EEC for electromagnetic compatibility: Standard EN 50081-1 for emission, Standard EN 50082-1 for immunity.
Gilson 307 Piston Pumps conform to EEC Directive 73/23/EEC for safety: Standards EN 61010-1, UL 3101-1, and CAN/CSA C22.2 N° 1010-1.
Each Piston Pump is subjected to a Dielectric Test (1500 V between live /neutral and earth) and an Earth Bonding Impedance Test (= 0.1 9).

ENVIRONMENT:

Dimensions (W x Dx H):
Temperature range:
Humidity:
Altitude:
Voltage range:
Electrical power:
Weight:
Pollution:
Installation:| 330 x 330 x 150 mm.
4-40°C.
Up to 80 %.
Up to 2000 m.
100-120 V : 220-240 V, 50-60 Hz.
120 VA.
11.5 kg (with pump head).
Pollution degree 2.
Category II.
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LT801171J/©2001 Gilson SAS All rights reserved
February 2001

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307 HPLC Piston Pump
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