apogee SP-230 Pyranometer Owner’s Manual

INSTRUMENTS
OWNER’S MANUAL
PYRANOMETER
Models SP-110 and SP-230
Rev: 28-Oct-2020

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC.
721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA TEL: 435-792-4700
FAX: 435-787-8268
WEB:  POGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM

EU Declaration of Conformity
This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer:
Apogee Instruments, Inc.
721 W 1800 N
Logan, Utah 84321
USA
for the following product(s):
Models: SP-110, SP-230
Type: Pyranometer

The object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonization legislation:

2014/30/EU
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive
2011/65/EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2) Directive
2015/863/EU Amending Annex II to Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 3)
Standards referenced during compliance assessment:

EN 61326-1:2013 Electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use – EMC requirements
EN 50581:2012 Technical documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect to the restriction of hazardous substances

Please be advised that based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, the products manufactured by us do not contain, as intentional additives, any of the restricted materials including lead (see note below), mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated diphenyls (PBDE), bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). However, please note that articles containing greater than 0.1% lead concentration are RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c.

Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products for the presence of these substances, but rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.
Signed for and on behalf of:
Apogee Instruments, May 2021

Bruce Bugbee
President
Apogee Instruments, Inc.

INTRODUCTION

Solar radiation at Earth’s surface is typically defined as total radiation across a wavelength range of 280 to 4000 nm (shortwave radiation). Total solar radiation, direct beam and diffuse, incident on a horizontal surface are defined as global shortwave radiation, or shortwave irradiance (incident radiant flux), and is expressed in Watts per square meter (W m -2 , equal to Joules per second per square meter).

Pyranometers are sensors that measure global shortwave radiation. Apogee SP series pyranometers are silicon-cell pyranometers and are only sensitive to a portion of the solar spectrum, approximately 350-1100 nm approximately 80 % of total shortwave radiation is within this range). However, silicon-cell pyranometers are calibrated to estimate total shortwave radiation across the entire solar spectrum. Silicon-cell pyranometer specifications compare favorably to specifications for World Meteorological Organization (WMO) moderate and good quality classifications and specifications for International Organization of Standardization (ISO) Class C classification, but because of limited spectral sensitivity, they do not meet the spectral specification necessary for WMO certification. Typical applications of silicon-cell pyranometers include incoming shortwave radiation measurement in agricultural, ecological, and hydrological weather networks, and solar panel arrays.

Apogee Instruments SP series pyranometers consist of a cast acrylic diffuser (filter), photodiode, and signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the sensor to a measurement device. Sensors are potted solid with no internal air space and are designed for continuous total shortwave radiation measurement on a planar surface in outdoor environments. SP series sensors output an analog voltage that is directly proportional to total shortwave radiation from the sun. The voltage ignal from the sensor is directly proportional to the radiation incident on a planar surface (does not have to be horizontal), where the radiation emanates from all angles of a hemisphere.

SENSOR MODELS

This manual covers the unamplified models SP-110 and SP-230 pyranometer sensors that provide millivolt signals. Additional models are covered in their respective manuals.

*Pyranometer model SP-230 is similar to model SP-110 but includes internal heaters designed to keep the diffuser free of precipitation events such as dew or frost.

The sensor model number and serial number are located near the pigtail leads on the sensor cable. If you need the manufacturing date of your sensor, please contact Apogee Instruments with the serial number of your sensor.

SPECIFICATIONS

| SP-110-SS| SP-230-SS
---|---|---
ISO 9060:2018| Class C (previously known as a second class)
Heater| N/A 780 Ω, 15.4 mA current draw, and 185 mW power requirement at 12 V DC
Sensitivity| 0.2 mV per W m-2
Calibration Factor (Reciprocal of Sensitivity)| 5 W m-2 per mV
Calibration Uncertainty| ± 5 % (see Calibration Traceability below)
Calibrated Output Range| 0 to 400 mV
Measurement Repeatability| Less than 1 %
Long-term Drift (Non-stability)| Less than 2 % per year
Non-linearity| Less than 1 % (up to 2000 W m-2) Less than 1 % (up to 1750 W m-2)
Response Time| Less than 1 ms
Field of View| 180°
Spectral Range| 360 to 1120 nm (wavelengths where the response is 10 % of the maximum; see Spectral Response below)
Directional (Cosine) Response| ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle (see Cosine Response below)
Temperature Response| 0.04 ± 0.04 % per C (see Temperature Response below)
Operating Environment| -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to 30 m
Dimensions| 24 mm diameter, 33 mm height
Mass| 90 g (with 5 m of lead wire)
Cable| 5 m of two-conductor, shielded, twisted-pair wire; TPR jacket (high water resistance, high UV stability, flexibility in cold conditions); pigtail lead wires; stainless steel (316), M8 connector located 25 cm from the sensor head

Calibration Traceability
Apogee Instruments SP series pyranometers are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of four Apogee model SP-110 transfer standard pyranometers  shortwave radiation reference) under high-intensity discharge metal halide lamps. The transfer standard pyranometers are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of at least two ISO-classified reference pyranometers under sunlight (clear sky conditions) in Logan, Utah. Each of four ISO-classified reference pyranometers are calibrated on an alternating year schedule (two instruments each year) at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Golden, Colorado. NREL reference standards are calibrated to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR) in Davos, Switzerland.

Spectral Response

Spectral response estimate of Apogee silicon-cell pyranometers. The spectral response was estimated by multiplying the spectral response of the photodiode, diffuser, and adhesive. Spectral response measurements of diffuser and adhesive were made with a spectrometer, and spectral response data for the photodiode were obtained from the manufacturer.

Temperature Response

Mean temperature response of four Apogee silicon-cell pyranometers. Temperature response measurements were made at approximately 10 C intervals across a temperature range of approximately -10 to 50 C under sunlight. Each pyranometer had an internal thermistor to measure temperature. At each temperature set point, a reference blackbody pyranometer was used to measure solar intensity.

Cosine Response

Directional, or cosine, the response is defined as the measurement error at a specific angle of radiation incidence. Error for Apogee silicon-cell pyranometers is approximately ± 2 and ± 5 % at solar zenith angles of 45° and 75°, respectively.

Mean cosine response of eleven Apogee silicon-cell pyranometers (error bars represent two standard deviations above and below mean). Cosine response measurements were made during broadband outdoor radiometer calibrations (NORCAL) performed during two different years at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Golden, Colorado. Cosine response was calculated as the relative difference of pyranometer sensitivity at each solar zenith angle to sensitivity at 45° solar zenith angle. The blue symbols are AM measurements, the red symbols are PM measurements.

DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION

Mount the sensor to a solid surface with the nylon mounting screw provided. To accurately measure PPFD incident on a horizontal surface, the sensor must be level. An pogee Instruments model AL-100 Leveling Plate is recommended to level the sensor when used on a flat surface or being mounted to surfaces such as wood. To facilitate mounting on a mast or pipe, the Apogee Instruments model AL-120 Solar Mounting Bracket with Leveling Plate is recommended.

Pyranometer model SP-230 comes with a plastic standoff which should be placed between the sensor head and the leveling plate. The standoff allows for more efficient use of the internal heaters by minimizing possible heating losses through conduction.

To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1 %, but it is easy to minimize by proper cable orientation.

In addition to orienting the cable to point toward the nearest pole, the sensor should also be mounted such that obstructions (e.g., weather station tripod/tower or other instrumentation) do not shade the sensor. Once mounted, the green cap should be removed from the sensor. The green cap can be used as a protective covering for the sensor when it is not in use.

CABLE CONNECTORS

Apogee started offering in-line cable connectors on some bare-lead sensors in March 2018 to simplify the process of removing sensors from weather stations for calibration (the entire cable does not have to be removed from the station and shipped with the sensor).
The ruggedized M8 connectors are rated IP68, made of corrosion-resistant marine-grade stainless steel, and designed for extended use in harsh environmental conditions.

Inline cable connectors are installed 30 cm from the head

Instructions
Pins and Wiring Colors: All Apogee connectors have six pins, but not all pins are used for every sensor. There may also be unused wire colors inside the cable. To simplify the datalogger connection, we remove the unused pigtail lead colors at the datalogger end of the cable.
If you ever need a replacement cable, please contact us directly to ensure ordering the proper pigtail configuration.

Alignment: When reconnecting your sensor, arrows on the connector jacket and an aligning notch ensure proper orientation.

A reference notch inside the connector ensures proper alignment before tightening.

Disconnection for extended periods: When disconnecting the sensor for an extended period of time from a station, protect the remaining half of the connector still on the station from water and dirt with electrical tape or another method.

When sending sensors in for calibration, only send the short end of the cable and half the connector.

Tightening: Connectors are designed to be firmly finger-tightened only. There is an o-ring inside the connector that can be overly compressed if a wrench is used. Pay attention to thread alignment to avoid cross-threading. When fully tightened, 1-2 threads may still be visible.

Finger-tighten firmly
*NOTE: To avoid damaging the pins inside the connector, finger-tighten the connector by only turning the metal nut. Do not tighten by turning the black cable.

OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT

Connect the sensor to a measurement device (meter, datalogger, controller) capable of measuring and displaying or recording a millivolt (mV) signal (an input measurement range of approximately 0-250 mV is required to cover the entire range of total shortwave radiation from the sun). In order to maximize measurement resolution and signal-to- noise ratio, the input range of the measurement device should closely match the output range of the pyranometer.
SP-110: The sensor is self-powered and applying voltage will damage the sensor.

VERY IMPORTANT: Apogee changed the wiring colors of all our bare-lead sensors in March 2018 in conjunction with the release of inline cable connectors on some  ensors. To ensure proper connection to your data device, please note your serial number or if your sensor has a stainless-steel connector 30 cm from the sensor head then use the appropriate wiring configuration listed below. With the switch to connectors, we also changed to using cables that only have 4 or 7 internal wires. To make our various sensors easier to connect to your device, we clip off any unused wire colors at the end of the cable depending on the sensor. If you cut the cable or modify the original pigtail, you may find wires inside that are not used with your particular sensor. In this case, please disregard the extra wires and follow the color-coded wiring guide provided.

Wiring for SP-110 Serial Numbers 60051 and above or with a cable connector

Wiring for SP-110 Serial Numbers range 0-60050

SP-230: Only apply voltage to the integrated heaters. The sensor is self- powered and applying voltage will damage the sensor.
Wiring for SP-230 Serial Numbers 9898 and above or with a cable connector

Wiring for SP-230 Serial Numbers range 0-9897

Sensor Calibration
All Apogee un-amplified pyranometer models have a standard calibration factor of exactly: -2
5.0 W m per mV
Multiply this calibration factor by the measured mV signal to convert sensor output to shortwave radiation in unitsof W m -2 :

Calibration Factor (5.0 W m -2 per mV) Sensor Output Signal (mV) = Total Shortwave Radiation (W m -2 )
5.0 200 = 1000

Example of total shortwave radiation measurement with an Apogee SP-110 pyranometer. Full sunlight yields total shortwave radiation on a horizontal plane at the Earth’s surface of approximately 1000 W m  2 . This yields an output signal of 200 mV. The signal is converted to shortwave radiation by multiplying by the calibration factor of 5.0 W
-2 per mV.

Spectral Errors for Measurements with Silicon-cell Pyranometers
Apogee SP series pyranometers are calibrated under electric lamps in a calibration laboratory. The calibration procedure simulates calibration under clear sky conditions at a solar zenith angle of approximately 45°. However, due to the limited spectral sensitivity of silicon-cell pyranometers compared to the solar radiation spectrum (see graph below), spectral errors occur when measurements are made in conditions that differ from the conditions the sensor was calibrated under (e.g., the solar spectrum differs in clear sky and cloudy conditions, thus measurements in cloudy conditions result in a spectral error because sensors are calibrated in clear sky conditions).

Spectral response of Apogee SP series pyranometers compared to solar radiation spectrum at Earth’s surface. Silicon-cell pyranometers, such as Apogee SP series, are only  sensitive to the wavelength range of approximately 350-1100 nm and are not equally sensitive to all wavelengths within this range. As a result, when the spectral content of solar radiation is significantly different than the spectrum that silicon-cell pyranometers were calibrated to, and spectral errors result.

Silicon-cell pyranometers can still be used to measure shortwave radiation in conditions other than clear sky or from radiation sources other than incoming sunlight, but spectral errors occur when measuring radiation with silicon-cell pyranometers in these conditions. The graphs below show spectral error estimates for Apogee siliconcell pyranometers at varying solar zenith angles and varying atmospheric air mass. The diffuser is optimized to minimize directional errors, thus the cosine response graph in the Specifications section shows the actual directional errors in practice (which includes contributions from the spectral shift that occurs as solar zenith angle and atmospheric air mass change with time of day and time of year). The table below provides spectral error estimates for shortwave radiation measurements from shortwave radiation sources other than clear sky solar radiation.

Spectral error for Apogee SP series pyranometers as a function of solar zenith angle, assuming calibration at a zenith angle of 45°.

Spectral error for Apogee SP series pyranometers as a function of the atmospheric air mass, assuming calibration at an air mass of 1.5.

Spectral Errors for Shortwave Radiation Measurements with Apogee SP Series Pyranometers

Radiation Source (Error Calculated Relative to Sun, Clear Sky)| Error [%]
---|---
Sun (Clear Sky)| 0.0
Sun (Cloudy Sky)| 9.6
Reflected from Grass Canopy| 14.6
Reflected from Deciduous Canopy| 16.0
Reflected from Conifer Canopy| 19.2
Reflected from Agricultural Soil| -12.1
Reflected from Forest Soil| -4.1
Reflected from Desert Soil| 3.0
Reflected from Water| 6.6
Reflected from Ice| 0.3
Reflected from Snow| 13.7

Operation of Heater (SP-230)
Apogee model SP-230 pyranometers have an internal heater to allow for sensor heating during precipitation events or under conditions of dew, frost, and snow deposition. The heater is designed to keep the water (liquid and frozen) off the diffuser, though it does not need to be used in order to make measurements of shortwave radiation. However, if the diffuser has water on the surface, errors can result. Continuously powering the heater under conditions that do not require heating will not damage the sensor or influence measurements.

MAINTENANCE AND RECALIBRATION

Moisture or debris on the diffuser is a common cause of low readings. The sensor has a domed diffuser and housing for improved self-cleaning from rainfall, but materials can accumulate on the diffuser (e.g., dust during periods of low rainfall, salt deposits from the evaporation of sea spray or sprinkler irrigation water) and partially block the optical path. Dust or organic deposits are best removed using water or window cleaner and a soft cloth or cotton swab. Salt deposits should be dissolved with vinegar and removed with a soft cloth or cotton swab . Never use an abrasive material or cleaner on the diffuser.

Although Apogee sensors are very stable, nominal accuracy drift is normal for all research-grade sensors. To ensure maximum accuracy, we generally recommend sensors are sent in for recalibration every two years, although you can often wait longer according to your particular tolerances.

To determine if your sensor needs recalibration, the Clear Sky Calculator (www.clearskycalculator.com) website and/or smartphone app can be used to indicate the total shortwave radiation incident on a horizontal surface at any time of day at any location in the world. It is most accurate when used near solar noon in the spring and summer months, where accuracy over multiple clear and unpolluted days is estimated to be ± 4 % in all climates and locations around the world. For best accuracy, the sky must be completely clear, as reflected radiation from clouds causes incoming radiation to increase above the value predicted by the clear sky calculator. Measured values of total shortwave radiation can exceed values predicted by the Clear Sky Calculator due to reflection from thin, high clouds and edges of clouds, which enhances incoming shortwave radiation. The influence of high clouds typically shows up as spikes above clear sky values, not a constant offset greater than clear sky values.

To determine recalibration need, input site conditions into the calculator and compare total shortwave radiation measurements to calculated values for a clear sky. If sensor shortwave radiation measurements over multiple days near solar noon are consistently different than calculated values (by more than 6 %), the sensor should be cleaned and re-leveled. If measurements are still different after a second test, email calibration@apogeeinstruments.com to discuss test results and possible return of sensor(s).

This calculator determines the intensity of radiation falling on a horizontal surface at any time of the day in any location in the world. The primary use of this calculator is to determine the need for the recalibration of radiation sensors. It is most accurate when used near solar noon in the summer months. This site developed and maintained by:

Homepage of the Clear Sky Calculator. Two calculators are available: One for pyranometers (total shortwave radiation) and one for quantum sensors (photosynthetic photon flux density).

FOR QUANTUM SENSORS

1. For best accuracy, the comparison should be made on clear, non-polluted, summer clays within one hour of solar noon.
2. Enter input parameters in the blue cells at right. Definitions are shown below.
3. The sensor must be level and perfectly clean. Enter your measured solar radiation in the blue “Measured PPF” cell at far right.
4. Difference between the model and your sensor is shown in the yellow “DIFFERENCE FROM MODEL” cell at the right.
5. Run the model on replicate days. Contact Apogee for recalibration if the measured value is more than 5 % different than the estimated value. You will be contacted within two business days.

For a discussion on model accuracy and sensitivity of input parameters, CLICK HERE.

Input Parameters for Estimating Photosynthetic Photon Flux (PPF):
Latitude = 41.7
Longitude =111.8
Longitudetz =105
0 Elevation =1400m
CO Day of Year =172
Time of Day =12.9
(6 min = 0.1 hr) Daylight Savings = +1 hr
Air Temperature =25 c
Relative Humidity =30%
RECALCULATE MODEL

Output from Model:
Model Estimated PPF =1994 umol -2 S-1
Measured PPF = 1990 umol -2 S-1
DIFFERENCE FROM MODEL = -0.2 %

CONTACT APOGEE FOR RECALIBRATION

Name:…………………………….
E-mail:……………………………
Phone:…………………………..
Serial # :……………………….
comments:……………………
Please include all requested information.
SEND INFO TO APOGEE

INPUT AND OUTPUT DEFINITIONS
Latitude =latitude of the measurement site (degrees]; for the southern hemisphere, insert as a negative number; info may be obtained from http://itouchmap.comilatbng.html
Longitude = longitude of the measurement site (degrees]; expressed as positive degrees west of the standard meridian in Greenwich, England (e.g. 74° for New York, 260′ for Bangkok, Thailand, and 358′ for Paris, France).
Longitude” = longitude of the center of your local time zone [degrees]; expressed as positive degrees
This site is developed and maintained by: callbrationeaposee-inst.com

Clear Sky Calculator for pyranometers. Site data are input in blue cells in the middle of page and an estimate of total shortwave radiation is returned on the right-hand side of the page.

TROUBLESHOOTING AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT

Independent Verification of Functionality
Apogee models SP-110 and SP-230 pyranometers are self-powered devices and output a voltage signal proportional to incident shortwave radiation. A quick and easy check of sensor functionality can be determined using a voltmeter with millivolt (mV) resolution. Connect the positive lead wire from the voltmeter to the white wire from the sensor and the negative (or common) lead wire from the voltmeter to the black wire from the sensor. Direct the sensor diffuser toward a light source and verify the sensor provides a signal. Increase and decrease the distance from the sensor head to the light source to verify that the signal changes proportionally (decreasing signal with increasing distance and increasing signal with decreasing distance). Blocking all radiation from the sensor should force the sensor signal to zero.

The heaters inside Apogee model SP-230 are designed to mitigate effects from snow, frost, and dew by warming the sensor body temperature approximately 3 C above ambient air temperature, while under conditions of no solar loading or radiant heating. A quick and easy check of heater functionality can be accomplished with an ohmmeter. Connect the lead wires of the ohmmeter to the yellow and blue wires from the sensor. The resistance should read approximately 780 Ω ± 1%.

Compatible Measurement Devices (Dataloggers/Controllers/Meters)
Models SP-110 and SP-230 pyranometers are calibrated with a standard calibration factor of 5.0 W m per mV, yielding a sensitivity of 0.2 mV per W m -2. Thus, a compatible measurement device (e.g., datalogger or controller) should have a resolution of at least 0.2 mV, in order to provide shortwave radiation resolution of 1 W m -2 -2  .
An example datalogger program for Campbell Scientific dataloggers can be found on the Apogee webpage at http://www.apogeeinstruments.com/content /Pyranometer-Unamplified.CR1.

Effect of Cable Length
When the sensor is connected to a measurement device with high input impedance, sensor output signals are changed by shortening the cable or splicing on an additional cable in the field. Tests have shown that if the input
impedance of the measurements device is 1 mega-ohm or higher then there is negligible effect on the pyranometer calibration, even after adding up to 100 m of cable. Apogee model SP series pyranometers use shielded, twisted pair cable, which minimizes electromagnetic interference. This is particularly important for lonlead lengths in electromagnetically noisy environments.

Modifying Cable Length
See the Apogee webpage for details on how to extend sensor cable length (http://www.apogeeinstruments.com/how-to-make-a-weatherproof-cable-splice/).

RETURN AND WARRANTY POLICY

RETURN POLICY
Apogee Instruments will accept returns within 30 days of purchase as long as the product is in new condition (to be determined by Apogee). Returns are subject to a 10 % restocking fee.

WARRANTY POLICY
What is Covered
All products manufactured by Apogee Instruments are warranted to be free from defects in materials and craftsmanship for a period of four (4) years from the date of hipment from our factory. To be considered for warranty coverage an item must be evaluated by Apogee.
Products not manufactured by Apogee (spectroradiometers, chlorophyll content meters, EE08-SS probes) are covered for a period of one (1) year.

What is Not Covered
The customer is responsible for all costs associated with the removal, reinstallation, and shipping of suspected warranty items to our factory.
The warranty does not cover equipment that has been damaged due to the following conditions:

1. Improper installation or abuse.
2. Operation of the instrument outside of its specified operating range.
3. Natural occurrences such as lightning, fire, etc.
4. Unauthorized modification.
5. Improper or unauthorized repair.

Please note that nominal accuracy drift is normal over time. Routine recalibration of sensors/meters is considered part of proper maintenance and is not covered under warranty.

Who is Covered
This warranty covers the original purchaser of the product or other party who may own it during the warranty period.

What Apogee Will Do
At no charge Apogee will:

1. Either repair or replace (at our discretion) the item under warranty.
2. Ship the item back to the customer by the carrier of our choice.
   Different or expedited shipping methods will be at the customer’s expense.

How To Return An Item

1. Please do not send any products back to Apogee Instruments until you have received a Return merchandise authorization (RMA) number from our technical support department by submitting an online RMA form at www.apogeeinstruments.com/tech-support-recalibration-repairs/. We will use your RMA number for tracking of the service item. Call 435-245-8012 or email techsupport@apogeeinstruments.com with questions.

2. For warranty evaluations, send all RMA sensors and meters back in the following condition: Clean the sensor’s exterior and cord. Do not modify the sensors or wires, including splicing, cutting wire leads, etc. If a connector has been attached to the cable end, please include the mating connector – otherwise, the sensor connector will be removed in order to complete the repair/recalibration. Note: When sending back sensors for routine calibration that have Apogee’s standard stainless-steel connectors, you only need to send the sensor with the 30 cm section of cable and one-half of the connector. We have mating connectors at our factory that can be used for calibrating the sensor.

3. Please write the RMA number on the outside of the shipping container.

4. Return the item with freight pre-paid and fully insured to our factory address shown below. We are not responsible for any costs associated with the transportation of products across international borders.
   Apogee Instruments, Inc.
   721 West 1800 North Logan,
   UT 84321, USA

5. Upon receipt, Apogee Instruments will determine the cause of failure. If the product is found to be defective in terms of operation to the published specifications due to a failure of product materials or craftsmanship, Apogee Instruments will repair or replace the items free of charge. If it is determined that your product is not covered under warranty, you will be informed and given an estimated repair/replacement cost.

PRODUCTS BEYOND THE WARRANTY PERIOD
For issues with sensors beyond the warranty period, please contact Apogee at techsupport@apogeeinstruments.com to discuss repair or replacement options.

OTHER TERMS
The available remedy of defects under this warranty is for the repair or replacement of the original product, and Apogee Instruments is not responsible for any direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including but not limited to loss of income, loss of revenue, loss of profit, loss of data, loss of wages, loss of time, loss of sales, accruement of debts or expenses, injury to personal property, or injury to any person or any other type of damage or loss.

This limited warranty and any disputes arising out of or in connection with this limited warranty (“Disputes”) shall be governed by the laws of the State of Utah, USA, excluding conflicts of law principles and excluding the Convention for the International Sale of Goods. The courts located in the State of Utah, USA, shall have exclusive jurisdiction over any Disputes.

This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights, which vary from state to state and jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and which shall not be affected by this limited warranty. This warranty extends only to you and cannot by transferred or assigned. If any provision of this limited warranty is unlawful, void or unenforceable, that provision shall be deemed severable and shall not affect any remaining provisions. In case of any inconsistency between the English and other versions of this limited warranty, the English version shall prevail.

This warranty cannot be changed, assumed, or amended by any other person or agreement
APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA
TEL: 435-792-4700 | FAX: 435-787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM
Copyright © 2021 Apogee Instruments, Inc.

References

• apogeeinstruments.com/content/Pyranometer-Unamplified.CR1
• How to Make a Weatherproof Cable Splice
• Recalibration and Repair | Apogee Instruments
• Clear Sky Calculator | Apogee Instruments Inc.
• Clear Sky Calculator | Apogee Instruments Inc.

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