peplink P1AX17 Wireless User Manual

June 1, 2024
peplink

peplink P1AX17 Wireless

peplink-P1AX17-Wireless

Product Information

Specifications

Product Usage Instructions

Inbound Mappings
Inbound mappings specify WAN connections and corresponding WAN-specific Internet IP addresses for forwarding traffic to LAN hosts. This setting is available when IP Address is selected in the LAN Client(s) field.

Outbound Mappings
Outbound mappings specify WAN IP addresses used when a LAN host connects to the Internet. Each LAN host in an IP range or network will be mapped to one of the selected WAN’s IP addresses for better utilization and compatibility.

Save Settings
Click Save to save the settings after completing configuration.

Inbound Firewall Rules
Inbound firewall rules take precedence over Inbound Mappings settings.

20 QoS – User Groups
LAN and PPTP clients can be categorized into three user groups: Manager, Staff, and Guest. Bandwidth control and traffic prioritization policies can be applied to each user group in the Bandwidth Control and Application sections.

Add / Edit User Group
Use the Add button to define clients and their user group. Two default rules, All DHCP reservation clients, and Everyone are pre-defined and cannot be removed.

Define User Group
Define whether the client(s) are identified by an IP Address or a Subnet. Specify the subnet/IP address and choose the User Group it belongs to.

Important Note
Users assigned to a user group will have their internet traffic restricted by the rules defined for that group.

FAQ

Q: What should I do if I do not want to use a specific WAN for outgoing accesses?
A: Choose default in the Outbound Mappings settings, then customize the outbound access rule in the Outbound Policy section.

Q: How are LAN hosts mapped to WAN IP addresses in Outbound Mappings?
A: LAN hosts in an IP range or network are evenly mapped to selected WAN’s IP addresses for better utilization in a persistent manner.

Inbound Mappings

Outbound Mappings

available when IP Network is selected.
This setting specifies the WAN connections and corresponding WAN-specific Internet IP addresses on which the system should bind. Any access to the specified WAN connection(s) and IP address(es) will be forwarded to the LAN host. This option is only available when IP Address is selected in the LAN Client(s) field.
Note that inbound mapping is not needed for WAN connections in drop-in mode or IP forwarding mode. Also note that each WAN IP address can be associated to one NAT mapping only.
This setting specifies the WAN IP addresses that should be used when an IP connection is made from a LAN host to the Internet. Each LAN host in an IP range or IP network will be evenly mapped to one of each selected WAN’s IP addresses (for better IP address utilization) in a persistent manner (for better application compatibility).
Note that if you do not want to use a specific WAN for outgoing accesses, you should still choose default here, then customize the outbound access rule in the Outbound Policy section. Also note that WAN connections in drop-in mode or IP forwarding mode are not shown here.

Click Save to save the settings when configuration has been completed. Important Note
Inbound firewall rules override the Inbound Mappings settings.

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20 QoS

20.1 User Groups

LAN and PPTP clients can be categorized into three user groups: Manager, Staff, and Guest. This menu allows you to define rules and assign client IP addresses or subnets to a user group. You can apply different bandwidth and traffic prioritization policies on each user group in the Bandwidth Control and Application sections (note that the options available here vary by model).

The table is automatically sorted by rule precedence. The smaller and more specific subnets are put towards the top of the table and have higher precedence; larger and less specific subnets are placed towards the bottom.

Click the Add button to define clients and their user group. Click the

button to remove the

defined rule. Two default rules are pre-defined and put at the bottom. They are All DHCP

reservation clients and Everyone, and they cannot be removed. The All DHCP reservation

client represents the LAN clients defined in the DHCP Reservation table on the LAN settings

page. Everyone represents all clients that are not defined in any rule above. Click on a rule to

change its group.

Subnet / IP Address
Group

Add / Edit User Group
From the drop-down menu, choose whether you are going to define the client(s) by an IP Address or a Subnet. If IP Address is selected, enter a name defined in DHCP reservation table or a LAN client’s IP address. If Subnet is selected, enter a subnet address and specify its subnet mask.
This field is to define which User Group the specified subnet / IP address belongs to.

Once users have been assigned to a user group, their internet traffic will be restricted by rules defined for that particular group. Please refer to the following two sections for details.

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20.2 Bandwidth Control
This section is to define how much minimum bandwidth will be reserved to each user group when a WAN connection is in full load. When this feature is enabled, a slider with two indicators will be shown. You can move the indicators to adjust each group’s weighting. The lower part of the table shows the corresponding reserved download and uploads bandwidth value of each connection. By default, 50% of bandwidth has been reserved for Manager, 30% for Staff, and 20% for Guest.
You can define a maximum download speed (over all WAN connections) and upload speed (for each WAN connection) that each individual Staff and Guest member can consume. No limit can be imposed on individual Managers. By default, download and upload bandwidth limits are set to unlimited (set as 0).

Application

20.3.2 Application Prioritization On many Pepwave routers, you can choose whether to apply the same prioritization settings to all user groups or customize the settings for each group.
Three application priority levels can be set: High, Normal, andLow. Pepwave routers can detect various application traffic types by inspecting the packet content. Select an application by choosing a supported application, or by defining a custom application manually. The priority preference of supported applications is placed at the top of the table. Custom applications are at

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the bottom.

20.3.3 Prioritization for Custom Applications

Click the Add button to define a custom application. Click the button to delete the custom application in the corresponding row.

in the Action column

When Supported Applications is selected, the Pepwave router will inspect network traffic and prioritize the selected applications. Alternatively, you can select Custom Applications and define the application by providing the protocol, scope, port number, and DSCP value.

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20.3.4 DSL/Cable Optimization
DSL/cable-based WAN connections have lower upload bandwidth and higher download bandwidth. When a DSL/cable circuit’s uplink is congested, the download bandwidth will be affected. Users will not be able to download data at full speed until the uplink becomes less congested. DSL/Cable Optimization can relieve such an issue. When it is enabled, the download speed will become less affected by the upload traffic. By default, this feature is enabled.

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21 Firewall
A firewall is a mechanism that selectively filters data traffic between the WAN side (the Internet) and the LAN side of the network. It can protect the local network from potential hacker attacks, access to offensive websites, and/or other inappropriate uses. The firewall functionality of Pepwave routers supports the selective filtering of data traffic in both directions:
Outbound (LAN to WAN) Inbound (WAN to LAN) Internal Network (VLAN to VLAN)
The firewall also supports the following functionality: Intrusion detection and DoS prevention Web blocking
With SpeedFusionTM enabled, the firewall rules also apply to VPN tunneled traffic.

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21.1 Outbound and Inbound Firewall Rules
21.1.2 Access Rules The outbound firewall settings are located at Advanced>Firewall>Access Rules>Outbound Firewall Rules.
Click Add Rule to display the following screen:

Inbound firewall settings are located at Advanced>Firewall>Access Rules>Inbound Firewall Rules.
Click Add Rule to display the following screen:

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Internal Network firewall settings are located at Advanced>Firewall>Access Rules>Internal Network Firewall Rules.
Click Add Rule to display the following window:

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Inbound / Outbound / Internal Network Firewall Settings

Rule Name This setting specifies a name for the firewall rule.

Enable

This setting specifies whether the firewall rule should take effect. If the box is checked, the firewall rule takes effect. If the traffic matches the specified protocol/IP/port, actions will be taken by the Pepwave router based on the other parameters of the rule. If the box is not checked, the firewall rule does not take effect. The Pepwave router will disregard the other parameters of the rule.

Click the dropdown menu next to the checkbox to place this firewall rule on a time schedule.

WAN Connection (Inbound)

Select the WAN connection that this firewall rule should apply to.

Protocol

This setting specifies the protocol to be matched. Via a drop-down menu, the following protocols can be specified:
Any TCP UDP ICMP DSCP IP Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used to automatically fill in the protocol and port number of common Internet services (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS, etc.)
After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the protocol and port number remains manually modifiable.

Source IP & Port

This specifies the source IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for the firewall rule. A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Source IP & Port setting, as indicated by the following screenshot:

In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Source IP & Port settings.

Destination IP & Port

This specifies the destination IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for the firewall rule. A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Destination IP & Port setting, as indicated by the following screenshot:
In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Destination IP & Port settings.

Action

This setting specifies the action to be taken by the router upon encountering traffic

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that matches the both of the following:
Source IP & port
Destination IP & port
With the value of Allow for the Action setting, the matching traffic passes through the router (to be routed to the destination). If the value of the Action setting is set to Deny, the matching traffic does not pass through the router (and is discarded).

Event Logging

This setting specifies whether or not to log matched firewall events. The logged messages are shown on the page Status>Event Log. A sample message is as follows:
Aug 13 23:47:44 Denied CONN=Ethernet WAN SRC=20.3.2.1
DST=192.168.1.20 LEN=48 PROTO=TCP SPT=2260 DPT=80
CONN: The connection where the log entry refers to SRC: Source IP address DST: Destination IP address LEN: Packet length PROTO: Protocol SPT: Source port DPT: Destination port

Click Save to store your changes. To create an additional firewall rule, click Add Rule and repeat the above steps.
To change a rule’s priority, simply drag and drop the rule:
Hold the left mouse button on the rule. Move it to the desired position. Drop it by releasing the mouse button.

To remove a rule, click the

button.

Rules are matched from top to bottom. If a connection matches any one of the upper rules, the matching process will stop. If none of the rules match, the Default rule will be applied. By default, the Default rule is set as Allow for Outbound, Inbound and Internal Network access.

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Tip If the default inbound rule is set to Allow for NAT-enabled WANs, no inbound Allow firewall rules will be required for inbound port forwarding and inbound NAT mapping rules. However, if the default inbound rule is set as Deny, a corresponding Allow firewall rule will be required.
21.1.3 Apply Firewall Rules to PepVpn Traffic

When this option is enabled, Outbound Firewall Rules will be applied to PepVPN traffic. To turn

on this feature, click

, check the Enable check box, and press the Save button.

21.1.4 Intrusion Detection and DoS Prevention

Pepwave routers can detect and prevent intrusions and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks from the

Internet. To turn on this feature, click button.

, check the Enable check box, and press the Save

When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave router will detect and prevent the following kinds of intrusions and denial-of-service attacks.

Port scan o NMAP FIN/URG/PSH o Xmas tree o Another Xmas tree o Null scan o SYN/RST o SYN/FIN
SYN flood prevention Ping flood attack prevention

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21.2 Content Blocking

21.2.2 Application Blocking Choose applications to be blocked from LAN/PPTP/PepVPN peer clients’ access, except for those on the Exempted User Groups or Exempted Subnets defined below.
21.2.3 Web Blocking Defines website domain names to be blocked from LAN/PPTP/PepVPN peer clients’ access

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except for those on the Exempted User Groups or Exempted Subnets defined below. If “foobar.com” is entered, any web site with a host name ending in foobar.com will be blocked, e.g. www.foobar.com, foobar.com, etc. However, “myfoobar.com” will not be blocked. You may enter the wild card “.” at the end of a domain name to block any web site with a host name having the domain name in the middle. If you enter “foobar.”, then “www.foobar.com”, “www.foobar.co.jp”, or “foobar.co.uk” will be blocked. Placing the wild card in any other position is not supported. The device will inspect and look for blocked domain names on all HTTP and HTTPS traffic.
21.2.4 Customized Domains Enter an appropriate website address, and the Pepwave MAX will block and disallow LAN/PPTP/SpeedFusionTM peer clients to access these websites. Exceptions can be added using the instructions in Sections 20.1.3.2 and 20.1.3.3. You may enter the wild card “.” at the end of a domain name to block any web site with a host name having the domain name in the middle. For example, If you enter “foobar.,” then “www.foobar.com,” “www.foobar.co.jp,” or “foobar.co.uk” will be blocked. Placing the wild card in any other position is not supported. The Pepwave MAX will inspect and look for blocked domain names on all HTTP traffic. Secure web (HTTPS) traffic is not supported.
21.2.5 Exempted User Groups Check and select pre-defined user group(s) who can be exempted from the access blocking rules. User groups can be defined at QoS>User Groups section. Please refer to Section 17.1 for details.
21.2.6 Exempted Subnets With the subnet defined in the field, clients on the particular subnet(s) can be exempted from the access blocking rules.
21.2.7 URL Logging Click enable, and the enter the ip address and port (if applicable) where your remote syslog server is located.

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22 Routing Protocols
22.1 OSPF & RIPv2
The Pepwave supports OSPF and RIPv2 dynamic routing protocols. Click the Advanced tab from the top bar, and then click the Routing Protocols > OSPF & RIPv2 item on the sidebar to reach the following menu:

Router ID Area

OSPF

This field determines the ID of the router. By default, this is specified as the WAN IP address. If you want to specify your own ID, enter it into the Custom field.

This is an overview of the OSPF areas that you have defined. Clicking on the name under Area allows you to configure the connection. To define a new area,

click Add. To delete an existing area, click on the

.

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OSPF Settings

Area ID

Assign a name to be applied to this group. Machines linked to this group will send and receive related OSPF packets, while unlinked machines will ignore them.

Link Type

Choose the type of network that this area will use.

If an authentication method is used, select one from this drop-down menu. Authentication Available options are MD5 and Text. Authentication key(s) may be input next to
the drop-down menu after selecting an authentication method.

Interfaces

Select the interface(s) that this area will use to listen to and deliver OSPF packets.

To access RIPv2 settings, click on

.

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RIPv2 Settings

If an authentication method is used, select one from this drop-down menu. Authentication Available options are MD5 and Text. Authentication key(s) may be input next to
the drop-down menu after selecting an authentication method.

Interfaces

Select the interface(s) that this area will use to listen to and deliver RIPv2 packets.

OSPF & RIPv2 Route Advertisement

PepVPN Route Isolate PepVPN peers from each other. Received PepVPN routes will not be

Isolation

forwarded to other PepVPN peers to reduce bandwidth consumption..

Network Advertising

Networks to be advertised over OSPF & RIPv2. If no network is selected, all LAN / VLAN networks will be advertised by default.

Static Route Advertising

Enabling OSPF & RIPv2 Route Advertising allows it to advertise LAN static routes over OSPF & RIPv2. Static routes on the Excluded Networks table will not be advertised.

22.2 BGP
Click the Network tab along the top bar, and then click the BGP item on the sidebar to configure BGP.

Click the “x” to delete a BGP profile. Click “Add” to create a new BGP profile.

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Name Enable Interface Autonomous System Neighbor IP address Autonomous System
Multihop/TTL
Password
AS-Path Prepending:

BGP This field specifies the name that represents this profile.
When this box is checked, this BGP profile will be enabled. If it is left unchecked, it will be disabled.
The interface in which the BGP neighbor is located.
The Autonomous System Number (ASN) assigned to this profile.
BGP Neighbors and their details.
The IP address of the Neighbor.
The Neighbor’s ASN.
This field determines the Time-to-live (TTL) of BGP packets. Leave this field blank if the BGP neighbor is directly connected, otherwise you must specify a TTL value. This option should be used if the configured Neighbor’s IP address does not match the selected Interface’s network subnets. The TTL value must be between 2 to 255.
(Optional) Assign a password for MD5 authentication of BGP sessions.
AS path to be prepended to the routes received from this Neighbor. Values must be ASN and separated by commas. For example: inputting “64530,64531” will prepend “64530, 64531” to received routes.

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Hold Time
Next Hop Self iBGP Local Preference
BFD

Wait time in seconds for a keepalive message from a Neighbor before considering the BGP connection as stalled. The value must be either 0 (infinite hold time) or between 3 and 65535 inclusively. Default: 240
Enable this option to advertise your own source address as the next hop when propagating routes.
This is the metric advertised to iBGP Neighbors to indicate the preference for external routes. The value must be between 0 to 4294967295 inclusively. Default: 100
Enable this option to add Bidirectional Forwarding Detection for path failure. All directly connected Neighbors that use the same physical interface share the same BFD settings. All mulithop Neighbors share the same multihop BFD settings. You can configure BFD settings in the BGP profile listing page after this option is enabled.

Network Advertising

Select the Networks that will be advertised to the BGP Neighbor.

Static Route Advertising

Enable this option to advertise static LAN routes. Static routes that match the Excluded Networks table will not be advertised.

Custom Route Advertising

Additional routes to be advertised to the BGP Neighbor.

Advertise OSPF Route

When this box is checked, every learnt OSPF route will be advertised.

Set Community

Assign a prefix to a Community. Community:

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Two numbers in new-format. e.g. 65000:21344 Well-known communities: no-export 65535:65281 no-advertise 65535:65282 no-export-subconfed 65535:65283 no-peer 65535:65284
Route Prefix: Comma separated networks. e.g. 172.168.1.0/24,192.168.1.0/28

Filter Mode
Restricted Networks

This field allows for the selection of the filter mode for route import. None: All BGP routes will be accepted. Accept: Routes in “Restricted Networks” will be accepted, routes not in the list will be rejected. Reject: Routes in “Restricted Networks” will be rejected, routes not in the list will be accepted.
This field specifies the network(s) in the “route import” entry. Exact Match: When this box is checked, only routes with the same Network and Subnet Mask will be filtered. Otherwise, routes within the Networks and Subnets will be filtered.

Filter Mode

This field allows for the selection of the filter mode for route export. None: All BGP routes will be accepted. Accept: Routes in “Restricted Networks” will be accepted, routes not in the list will

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be rejected.
Reject: Routes in “Restricted Networks” will be rejected, routes not in the list will be accepted.

Restricted Networks

This field specifies the network(s) in the “route export” entry.
Exact Match: When this box is checked, only routes with the same Network and Subnet Mask will be filtered. Otherwise, routes within the Networks and Subnets will be filtered.

Export to other When this box is checked, routes learnt from this BGP profile will be exported to BGP Profile other BGP profiles.

Export to OSPF

When this box is checked, routes learnt from this BGP profile will be exported to the OSPF routing protocol.

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23 Remote User Access
A remote-access VPN connection allows an individual user to connect to a private business network from a remote location using a laptop or desktop computer connected to the Internet. Networks routed by a Pepwave router can be remotely accessed via OpenVPN, L2TP with IPsec or PPTP. To configure this feature, navigate to Network > Remote User Access and choose the required VPN type.
23.1 L2TP with IPsec

L2TP with IPsec Remote User Access Settings

Pre-shared Key

Enter your pre shared key in the text field. Please note that remote devices will need this preshared key to access the Balance.

Listen On

This setting is for specifying the WAN IP addresses that allow remote user access.

Disable Weak Click the button to show and enable this option.

Ciphers

When checked, weak ciphers such as 3DES will be disabled.

Continue to configure the authentication method.

23.2 OpenVPN

Select OpenVPN and continue to configure the authentication method.
The OpenVPN Client profile can be downloaded from the Status > device page after the configuration has been saved.

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You have a choice between 2 different OpenVPN Client profiles: “route all traffic” profile Using this profile, VPN clients will send all the traffic through the OpenVPN tunnel “split tunnel” profile Using this profile, VPN clients will ONLY send those traffic designated to the untagged LAN and VLAN segment through the OpenVPN tunnel.
23.3 PPTP
No additional configuration required. The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is an obsolete method for implementing virtual private networks. PPTP has many well known security issues Continue to configure authentication method.
23.4 Authentication Methods

Authentication Method

Connect to Network

Select the VLAN network for remote users to enable remote user access on.

Authentication Determine the method of authenticating remote users

User accounts:
This setting allows you to define the Remote User Accounts. Click Add to input username and password to create an account. After adding the user accounts, you can click on a username to edit the account password.

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Note: The username must contain lowercase letters, numerics, underscore(_), dash(-), at sign(@), and period(.) only. The password must be between 8 and 12 characters long. LDAP Server:
Enter the matching LDAP server details to allow for LDAP server authentication. Radius Server:
Enter the matching Radius server details to allow for Radius server authentication. Active Directory:
Enter the matching Active Directory details to allow for Active Directory server authentication.

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24 Miscellaneous Settings
The miscellaneous settings include configuration for High Availability, Certificate Manager, service forwarding, service passthrough, GPS forwarding, GPIO, Groupe Networks and SIM Toolkit (depending the feature is supported on the model of Peplin router that is being used).
24.1 High Availability
Many Pepwave routers support high availability (HA) configurations via an open standard virtual router redundancy protocol (VRRP, RFC 3768). In an HA configuration, two Pepwave routers provide redundancy and failover in a master-slave arrangement. In the event that the master unit is down, the slave unit becomes active. High availability will be disabled automatically where there is a drop-in connection configured on a LAN bypass port.

In the diagram, the WAN ports of each Pepwave router connect to the router and to the modem. Both Pepwave routers connect to the same LAN switch via a LAN port.
An elaboration on the technical details of the implementation of the virtual router redundancy protocol (VRRP, RFC 3768) by Pepwave routers follows:
In an HA configuration, the two Pepwave routers communicate with each other using VRRP over the LAN.
The two Pepwave routers broadcast heartbeat signals to the LAN at a frequency of one heartbeat signal per second.
In the event that no heartbeat signal from the master Pepwave router is received in 3 seconds (or longer) since the last heartbeat signal, the slave Pepwave router becomes active.
The slave Pepwave router initiates the WAN connections and binds to a previously

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configured LAN IP address.
At a subsequent point when the master Pepwave router recovers, it will once again become active.

You can configure high availability at Advanced>Misc. Settings>High Availability.

Interface for Master Router

Interface for Slave Router

High Availability

Enable

Checking this box specifies that the Pepwave router is part of a high availability configuration.

This number identifies a pair of Pepwave routers operating in a high availability
Group Number configuration. The two Pepwave routers in the pair must have the same Group Number value.

Preferred Role

This setting specifies whether the Pepwave router operates in master or slave mode. Click the corresponding radio button to set the role of the unit. One of the units in the pair must be configured as the master, and the other unit must be configured as the slave.

Resume Master This option is displayed when Master mode is selected in Preferred Role. If this Role Upon option is enabled, once the device has recovered from an outage, it will take over Recovery and resume its Master role from the slave unit.

Configuration Sync.

This option is displayed when Slave mode is selected in Preferred Role. If this option is enabled and the Master Serial Number entered matches with the actual master unit’s, the master unit will automatically transfer the configuration to this unit.
Please make sure the LAN IP Address and the Subnet Mask fields are set correctly in the LAN settings page. You can refer to the Event Log for the configuration synchronization status.

Master Serial If Configuration Sync. is checked, the serial number of the master unit is required

Number

here for the feature to work properly.

Virtual IP

The HA pair must share the same Virtual IP. The Virtual IP and the LAN

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Administration IP must be under the same network.

LAN Administration
IP

This setting specifies a LAN IP address to be used for accessing administration functionality. This address should be unique within the LAN.

Subnet Mask This setting specifies the subnet mask of the LAN.

Important Note
For Pepwave routers in NAT mode, the virtual IP (VIP) should be set as the default gateway for all hosts on the LAN segment. For example, a firewall sitting behind the Pepwave router should set its default gateway as the virtual IP instead of the IP of the master router.

In drop-in mode, no other configuration needs to be set.

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Please note that the drop-in WAN cannot be configured as a LAN bypass port while it is configured for high availability.
24.2 Certificate Manager

This section allows for certificates to be assigned to the local VPN, Web Admin SSL, Captive Portal SSL, OpenVPN CA, Wi-Fi WAN Client certificate and Wi-Fi WAN CA Certificate.

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The following knowledge base article describes how to create self-signed certificates and import it to a Peplink Product. https://forum.peplink.com/t /how-to-create-a-self-signed-certificate-and-import-it-to-a-peplink-pro duct/
24.3 Service Forwarding
Service forwarding settings are located at Advanced>Misc. Settings>Service Forwarding.

SMTP Forwarding
Web Proxy Forwarding
DNS Forwarding
Custom Service Forwarding

Service Forwarding
When this option is enabled, all outgoing SMTP connections destined for any host at TCP port 25 will be intercepted. These connections will be redirected to a specified SMTP server and port number. SMTP server settings for each WAN can be specified after selecting Enable.
When this option is enabled, all outgoing connections destined for the proxy server specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings will be intercepted. These connections will be redirected to a specified web proxy server and port number. Web proxy interception settings and proxy server settings for each WAN can be specified after selecting Enable.
When this option is enabled, all outgoing DNS lookups will be intercepted and redirected to the built-in DNS name server. If any LAN device is using the DNS name servers of a WAN connection, you may want to enable this option to enhance the DNS availability without modifying the DNS server setting of the clients. The built-in DNS name server will distribute DNS lookups to corresponding DNS servers of all available WAN connections. In this case, DNS service will not be interrupted, even if any WAN connection is down.
When custom service forwarding is enabled, outgoing traffic with the specified TCP port will be forwarded to a local or remote server by defining its IP address and port number.

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24.3.2 SMTP Forwarding Some ISPs require their users to send e-mails via the ISP’s SMTP server. All outgoing SMTP connections are blocked except those connecting to the ISP’s. Pepwave routers support intercepting and redirecting all outgoing SMTP connections (destined for TCP port 25) via a WAN connection to the WAN’s corresponding SMTP server.
To enable the feature, select Enable under SMTP Forwarding Setup. Check Enable Forwarding for the WAN connection(s) that needs forwarding. Under SMTP Server, enter the ISP’s e-mail server host name or IP address. Under SMTP Port, enter the TCP port number for each WAN. The Pepwave router will intercept SMTP connections. Choose a WAN port according to the outbound policy, and then forward the connection to the SMTP server if the chosen WAN has enabled forwarding. If the forwarding is disabled for a WAN connection, SMTP connections for the WAN will be simply be forwarded to the connection’s original destination.
Note If you want to route all SMTP connections only to particular WAN connection(s), you should create a custom rule in outbound policy (see Section 14.2).
24.3.3 Web Proxy Forwarding

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When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave router will intercept all outgoing connections destined for the proxy server specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings, choose a WAN connection with reference to the outbound policy, and then forward them to the specified web proxy server and port number. Redirected server settings for each WAN can be set here. If forwarding is disabled for a WAN, web proxy connections for the WAN will be simply forwarded to the connection’s original destination.
24.3.4 DNS Forwarding
When DNS forwarding is enabled, all clients’ outgoing DNS requests will also be intercepted and forwarded to the built-in DNS proxy server.
24.3.5 Custom Service Forwarding
After clicking the enable checkbox, enter your TCP port for traffic heading to the router, and then specify the IP Address and Port of the server you wish to forward to the service to.

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24.4 Service Passthrough
Service passthrough settings can be found at Advanced>Misc. Settings>Service Passthrough.

Some Internet services need to be specially handled in a multi-WAN environment. Pepwave routers can handle these services such that Internet applications do not notice being behind a multi-WAN router. Settings for service passthrough support are available here.

Service Passthrough Support

Session initiation protocol, aka SIP, is a voice-over-IP protocol. The Pepwave

router can act as a SIP application layer gateway (ALG) which binds

connections for the same SIP session to the same WAN connection and

SIP

translate IP address in the SIP packets correctly in NAT mode. Such passthrough support is always enabled, and there are two modes for selection:

Standard Mode and Compatibility Mode. If your SIP server’s signal port

number is non-standard, you can check the box Define custom signal ports

and input the port numbers to the text boxes.

H.323

With this option enabled, protocols that provide audio-visual communication sessions will be defined on any packet network and pass through the Pepwave router.

FTP

FTP sessions consist of two TCP connections; one for control and one for data. In a multi-WAN situation, they must be routed to the same WAN connection. Otherwise, problems will arise in transferring files. By default, the Pepwave router monitors TCP control connections on port 21 for any FTP connections and binds TCP connections of the same FTP session to the same WAN. If you have an FTP server listening on a port number other than 21, you can check Define custom control ports and enter the port numbers in the text boxes.

TFTP

The Pepwave router monitors outgoing TFTP connections and routes any
incoming TFTP data packets back to the client. Select Enable if you want to enable TFTP passthrough support.

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IPsec NAT-T

This field is for enabling the support of IPsec NAT-T passthrough. UDP ports
500, 4500, and 10000 are monitored by default. You may add more custom
data ports that your IPsec system uses by checking Define custom ports. If the VPN contains IPsec site-to-site VPN traffic, check Route IPsec Site-to-Site VPN and choose the WAN connection to route the traffic to.

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24.5 UART
Selected Pepwave MAX routers feature a RS-232 serial interface on the built-in terminal block. The RS-232 serial interface can be used to connect to a serial device and make it accessible over an TCP/IP network. The serial interface can be enabled and parameters can be set on the web admin page under Advanced > UART. Make sure they match the serial device you are connecting to.

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There are 4 pins i.e. TX, RX, RTS, CTS on the terminal block for serial connection and they correspond to the pins in a DB-9 connector as follows:
DB-9 Pepwave MAX Terminal Block Pin 1 ­
Pin 2 Rx (rated -+25V)
Pin 3 Tx (rated -+12V)
Pin 4 ­
Pin 5 ­
Pin 6 ­
Pin 7 RTS
Pin 8 CTS
Pin 9 ­ The RS232 serial interface is not an isolated RS232. External galvanic isolation may be added if required. Be sure to check whether your serial cable is a null modem cable, commonly known as crossover cable, or a straight through cable. If in doubt, swap Rx and Tx, and RTS and CTS, at the other end and give it another go. Once connected, your serial device should be accessible on your Pepwave MAX router LAN IP address at the specified TCP port.

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24.6 GPS Forwarding
Using the GPS forwarding feature, some Pepwave routers can automatically send GPS reports to a specified server. To set up GPS forwarding, navigate to Advanced>GPS Forwarding.

GPS Forwarding

Enable

Check this box to turn on GPS forwarding.

Server

Enter the name/IP address of the server that will receive GPS data. Also specify a port number, protocol (UDP or TCP), and a report interval of between 1 and

10 seconds. Click

to save these settings.

GPS Report Format

Choose from NMEA or TAIP format for sending GPS reports.

NMEA Sentence Type

If you’ve chosen to send GPS reports in NMEA format, select one or more
sentence types for sending the data (GPRMC, GPGGA, GPVTG, GPGSA, and GPGSV).

Vehicle ID

The vehicle ID will be appended in the last field of the NMEA sentence. Note that the NMEA sentence will become customized and non-standard.

TAIP Sentence Type/TAIP ID
(optional)

If you’ve chosen to send GPS reports in TAIP format, select one or more
sentence types for sending the data (PV–Position / Velocity Solution and CP–Compact Velocity Solution). You can also optionally include an ID number in the TAIP ID field.

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24.7 Ignition Sensing
Ignition Sensing detects the ignition signal status of a vehicle it is installed in. This feature allows the cellular router to start up or shut down when the engine of that vehicle is started or turned off. The time delay setting between ignition off and power down of the router is a configurable setting, which allows the router to stay on for a period of time after the engine of a vehicle is turned off.

Ignition Sensing installation

Functoin

Colour Wire

I/O optional*

Brown

IGN I/P connected to positive feed on the ignition .

Orange

DC IN –

connected to permanent negative feed (ground)

Black

DC IN connected to permanent positive feed (power

12VDC, 2A)).

Red

  • Currently not functional; will be used for additional features in future firmware

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Connectivity diagram for devices with 4-pin connector Connectivity diagram for devices with terminal block connection

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GPIO Menu
Note: This feature is applicable for certain models that come with a GPIO interface. Ignition Sensing options can be found in Advanced > GPIO. The configurable option for Ignition Input is Delay; the time in seconds that the router stays powered on after the ignition is turned off.
The O/P (connected to the I/O pin on a 4 pin connector) can be configured as a digital input, a digital output, or an analog input. Digital Input – the connection supports input sensing; it reads the external input and determines if the settings should be ‘High’ (on) or ‘Low’ (off). Digital Output – when there is a healthy WAN connection, the output pin is marked as ‘High’ (on). Otherwise, it will be marked as ‘Low’ (off).
Note: The Digital Output state (on/off) upon rebooting the device may vary depending on the model, eg. MAX BR1 MK2 = Persistent; MAX Transit Mini with ContentHub = Reset to default, etc.
Analog Input – to be confirmed. In most cases, it should read the external input and determine the voltage level.

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24.8 NTP Server
Pepwave routers can now serve as a local NTP server. Upon start up, it is now able to provide connected devices with the accurate time, precise UTC from either an external NTP server or via GPS and ensuring that connected devices always receive the correct time. Compatible with: BR1 ENT, 700 HW3, HD2/4, Transit NTP Server setting can be found via: Advanced>Misc. Settings>NTP Server
Time Settings can be found at System>Time>Time Settings

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24.9 Grouped Networks
Advanced > Grouped Networks allows to configure destination networks in grouped format.
Select Add group to create a new group with single IPaddresses or subnets from different VLANs.
The created network groups can be used in outbound policies, firewall rules.

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24.10Remote SIM Management
The Remote SIM management is accessible via Advanced > Misc Settings > Remote SIM Management. By default, this feature is disabled. Please note that a limited number of Pepwave routers support the SIM Injector, may refer to the link: https://www.peplink.com/products/sim-injector/ or Appendix B for more details on FusionSIM Manual.
Remote SIM Host Settings

Remote SIM Host Settings

Active LAN Discovery

Check this box to enable Auto LAN discovery of the remote SIM server..

Remote SIM Enter the public IP address of the SIM Injector. If you enter IP addresses here, it is

Host

not necessary to tick the “Auto LAN Discovery” box above.

You may define the Remote SIM information by clicking the “Add Remote SIM”. Here, you can enable Data Roaming and custom APN for your SIM cards.

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Add Remote SIM Settings

SIM Server

Add a new SIM Server

SIM Server – Serial Number

Enter the serial number of SIM Server

SIM Server – Name This optional field allows you define a name for the SIM Server

SIM Slot

Click the drop-down menu and choose which SIM slot you want to connect.

SIM Slot – Name

This optional field allows you define a name for the SIM slot.

Data Roaming

Enables data roaming on this particular SIM card.

Operator Settings (for LTE//HSPA/EDGE/GPRS
Only)

This setting allows you to configure the APN settings of your connection. If Auto is selected, the mobile operator should be detected automatically. The connected device will be configured and connection will be made automatically. If there is any difficulty in making a connection, you may select Custom to enter your carrier’s APN, Username and Password settings manually. The correct values can be obtained from your carrier. The default and recommended setting is Auto.

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24.11 SIM Toolkit
The SIM Toolkit, accessible via Advanced > Misc Settings > SIM Toolkit, supports two functionalities, USSD and SMS.
USSD
Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) is a protocol used by mobile phones to communicate with their service provider’s computers. One of the most common uses is to query the available balance.

Enter your USSD code under the USSD Code text field and click Submit. You will receive a confirmation. To check the SMS response, click Get.

After a few minutes you will receive a response to your USSD code

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SMS
The SMS option allows you to read SMS (text) messages that have been sent to the SIM in your Pepwave router.

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25 AP
25.1 AP Controller
The AP controller acts as a centralized controller of Pepwave Access Points. With this feature, users can customize and manage up to 1500 Access Points from a single Pepwave router interface. To configure, navigate to the AP tab. and the following screen appears.

AP Controller

The AP controller for managing Pepwave APs can be enabled by checking this box.

When this option is enabled, the AP controller will wait for management connections

AP Management

originating from APs over the LAN on TCP and UDP port 11753. It will also wait for captive portal connections on TCP port 443. An extended DHCP option, CAPWAP

Access Controller addresses (field 138), will be added to the DHCP server. A local

DNS record, AP Controller, will be added to the local DNS proxy.

Sync Method

As soon as possible Progressively One at a time

Permitted AP

Access points to manage can be specified here. If Any is selected, the AP controller will manage any AP that reports to it. If Approved List is selected, only APs with serial numbers listed in the provided text box will be managed.

25.2 Wireless SSID

Current SSID information appears in the SSID section. To edit an existing SSID, click its name in the list. To add a new SSID, click Add. Note that the following settings vary by model. The below settings ishows a new SSID window with Advanced Settings enabled (these are
available by selecting the question mark in the top right corner).

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SSID Enable
VLAN

SSID Settings
This setting specifies the SSID of the virtual AP to be scanned by Wi-Fi clients.
Click the drop-down menu to apply a time schedule to this interface
This setting specifies the VLAN ID to be tagged on all outgoing packets generated from this wireless network (i.e., packets that travel from the Wi-Fi segment through the Pepwave AP One unit to the Ethernet segment via the LAN port). The default value of this setting is 0, which means VLAN tagging is disabled (instead of tagged with zero).

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Broadcast SSID

This setting specifies whether or not Wi-Fi clients can scan the SSID of this wireless network. Broadcast SSID is enabled by default.

Data Rate A

Select Auto to allow the Pepwave router to set the data rate automatically, or select Fixed and choose a rate from the displayed drop-down menu.

Multicast FilterA

This setting enables the filtering of multicast network traffic to the wireless SSID.

Multicast RateA

This setting specifies the transmit rate to be used for sending multicast
network traffic. The selected Protocol and Channel Bonding settings will affect the rate options and values available here.

IGMP Snooping A

To allow the Pepwave router to listen to internet group management protocol (IGMP) network traffic, select this option.

DHCP Option 82 A

If you use a distributed DHCP server/relay environment, you can enable this option to provide additional information on the manner in which clients are physically connected to the network.

Layer 2 Isolation A

Layer 2 refers to the second layer in the ISO Open System Interconnect model.
When this option is enabled, clients on the same VLAN, SSID, or subnet are isolated to that VLAN, SSID, or subnet, which can enhance security. Traffic is passed to the upper communication layer(s). By default, the setting is disabled.

Maximum Number of Indicate the maximum number of clients that should be able to connect to

Clients

each frequency.

A – Advanced feature. Click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate.

Security Policy

Security Settings
This setting configures the wireless authentication and encryption methods. Available options :
Open (No Encryption) Enhanced Open (OWE) WPA3 -Personal (AES:CCMP) WPA2/WPA3 -Personal (AES:CCMP) WPA2 -Personal (AES:CCMP) WPA2 ­ Enterprise

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WPA/WPA2 – Personal (TKIP/AES: CCMP) WPA/WPA2 ­ Enterprise
When WPA/WPA2 – Enterprise is configured, RADIUS-based 802.1 x authentication is enabled. Under this configuration, the Shared Key option should be disabled. When using this method, select the appropriate version using the V1/V2 controls. The security level of this method is known to be very high.
When WPA/WPA2- Personal is configured, a shared key is used for data encryption and authentication. When using this configuration, the Shared Key option should be enabled. Key length must be between eight and 63 characters (inclusive). The security level of this method is known to be high.
NOTE:
When WPA2/WPA3- Personal is configured, if a managed AP which is NOT WPA3 PSK capable, the AP Controller will not push those WPA3 and WPA2/WPA3 SSID to that AP.

Access Control

Restricted Mode

The settings allow the administrator to control access using MAC address filtering.
Available options are None, Deny all except listed, Accept all except listed and Radius MAC Authentication.

MAC Address List

Connection coming from the MAC addresses in this list will be either denied or accepted based on the option selected in the previous field.
If more than one MAC address needs to be entered, you can use a carriage return to separate them.

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RADIUS Server Settings

Host

Enter the IP address of the primary RADIUS server and, if applicable, the secondary RADIUS server.

Secret

Enter the RADIUS shared secret for the primary server and, if applicable, the secondary RADIUS server.

Authentication In the field, enter the UDP authentication port(s) used by your RADIUS server(s) or

Port

click the Default button to enter 1812.

Accounting Port

In the field, enter the UDP accounting port(s) used by your RADIUS server(s) or click the Default button to enter 1813.

NAS-Identifier

Choose between Device Name, LAN MAC address, Device Serial Number and Custom Value

Guest Protect

Block All Private IP

Check this box to deny all connection attempts by private IP addresses.

Custom Subnet

To create a custom subnet for guest access, enter the IP address and choose a subnet mask from the drop-down menu.

Block Exception

To block access from a particular subnet, enter the IP address and choose a subnet mask from the drop-down menu.

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Firewall Settings

Firewall Mode

The settings allow administrators to control access to the SSID based on Firewall Rules.
Available options are Disable, Lockdown – Block all except… and Flexible -Allow all except…

Firewall Exceptions

Create Firewall Rules based on Port, IP Network, MAC address or Domain Name

25.3 Wireless Mesh

Wireless Mesh Support is available on devices running 802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5) and above. Along with the AP Controller, mesh network extensions can be established, which can expand network coverage. Note that the Wireless Mesh settings need to match the Mesh ID and Shared Key of the other devices on the same selected frequency band.
To create a new Wireless Mesh profile, go to AP > Wireless Mesh, and click Add.

Wireless Mesh Settings

Mesh ID

Enter a name to represent the Mesh profile.

Frequency Select the 2.4GHz or 5GHz frequency to be used.

Shared Key

Enter the shared key in the text field. Please note that it needs to match the shared keys of the other APs in the Wireless Mesh settings.
Click Hide / Show Characters to toggle visibility.

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25.4 Settings
On many Pepwave models, the AP settings screen (AP>Settings) looks similar to the example below:

SSID

AP Settings
These buttons specify which wireless networks will use this AP profile. You can also select the frequencies at which each network will transmit. Please note that the Pepwave MAX does not detect whether the AP is capable of transmitting at both frequencies. Instructions to transmit at unsupported frequencies will be ignored by the AP.

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This drop-down menu specifies the national / regional regulations which the AP should follow.

Operating Country

If a North American region is selected, RF channels 1 to 11 will be available and the maximum transmission power will be 26 dBm (400 mW).
If European region is selected, RF channels 1 to 13 will be available. The maximum transmission power will be 20 dBm (100 mW).

Note: Users are required to choose an option suitable to local laws and regulations.

Per FCC regulation, the country selection is not available on all models marketed in the US. All US models are fixed to US channels only.

Preferred Frequency

These buttons determine the frequency at which access points will attempt to broadcast. This feature will only work for APs that can transmit at both 5.4GHz and 5GHz frequencies.

Protocol

This section displays the 2.4 GHz protocols your APs are using.

Channel Width

There are three options: 20 MHz, 20/40 MHz, and 40 MHz. With this feature enabled, the Wi-Fi system can use two channels at once. Using two channels improves the performance of the Wi-Fi connection.

Channel

This drop-down menu selects the 802.11 channel to be utilized. Available options are from 1 to 11 and from 1 to 13 for the North America region and Europe region, respectively. (Channel 14 is only available when the country is selected as Japan with protocol 802.11b.) If Auto is set, the system will perform channel scanning based on the scheduled time set and choose the most suitable channel automatically.

Auto Channel Update

Indicate the time of day at which update automatic channel selection.

Output PowerA

This drop-down menu determines the power at which the AP under this profile will broadcast. When fixed settings are selected, the AP will broadcast at the specified power level, regardless of context. When Dynamic settings are selected, the AP will adjust its power level based on its surrounding APs in order to maximize performance.
The Dynamic: Auto setting will set the AP to do this automatically. Otherwise, the Dynamic: Manual setting will set the AP to dynamically adjust only if instructed to do so. If you have set Dynamic:Manual, you can go to AP>Toolbox>Auto Power Adj. to give your AP further instructions.

Client Signal
Strength ThresholdA

If you click the Boost checkbox, the AP under this profile will transmit using additional power. Please note that using this option with several APs in close proximity will lead to increased interference.
This field determines that maximum signal strength each individual client will receive. The measurement unit is megawatts.

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Max number of This field determines the maximum clients that can be connected to APs under

ClientsA

this profile.

This field specifies the VLAN ID to tag to management traffic, such as AP to AP

Management VLAN

controller communication traffic. VLAN tagging will be applied.

The

value

is

0

by

default,

meaning

that

no

ID

Note: change this value with caution as alterations may result in loss of

connection to the AP controller.

Operating Schedule

Choose from the schedules that you have defined in System>Schedule. Select the schedule for the integrated AP to follow from the drop-down menu.

Beacon RateA

This drop-down menu provides the option to send beacons in different transmit bit rates. The bit rates are 1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5Mbps, 6Mbps, and 11Mbps.

Beacon IntervalA

This drop-down menu provides the option to set the time between each beacon send. Available options are 100ms, 250ms, and 500ms.

DTIMA

This field provides the option to set the frequency for beacon to include delivery traffic indication message (DTIM). The interval unit is measured in milliseconds.

RTS ThresholdA

This field provides the option to set the minimum packet size for the unit to send an RTS using the RTS/CTS handshake. Setting 0 disables this feature.

Fragmentation ThresholdA

Determines the maximum size (in bytes) that each packet fragment will be broken down into. Set 0 to disable fragmentation.

Distance/Time ConverterA

Select the distance you want your Wi-Fi to cover in order to adjust the below parameters. Default values are recommended.

Slot TimeA

This field provides the option to modify the unit wait time before it transmits. The default value is 9s.

ACK TimeoutA

This field provides the option to set the wait time to receive acknowledgement packet before doing retransmission. The default value is 48s.

Frame AggregationA

With this feature enabled, throughput will be increased by sending two or more data frames in a single transmission.

Frame Length

This field is only available when Frame Aggregation is enabled. It specifies the frame length for frame aggregation. By default, it is set to 50000.

A – Advanced feature. Click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate.

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The device with integrated AP can operate under the Wi-Fi Operating Mode:

Note: This option is available only for HD2/HD4 and HD2/HD4 MBX.

Integrated AP

WAN

In this mode, all Wi-Fi will operate as Wi-Fi WAN. Since all device Wi-Fi are exhausted, no integrated Wi-Fi AP will be operated on this device.

WAN + AP

In this mode, some Wi-Fi will operate as Wi-Fi WAN. Some other Wi-Fi WANs will be forced offline and their Wi-Fi resources will be reserved for integrated Wi-Fi AP operations.

AP

in this mode, all Wi-Fi functions as integrated Wi-Fi AP. All Wi-Fi WANs will be forced to go offline.

Web Administration Settings

Enable

Check the box to allow the Pepwave router to manage the web admin access information of the AP.

Web Access Protocol

These buttons specify the web access protocol used for accessing the web admin of the AP. The two available options are HTTP and HTTPS.

Management Port This field specifies the management port used for accessing the device.

HTTP to HTTPS Redirection

This option will be available if you have chosen HTTPS as the Web Access Protocol. With this enabled, any HTTP access to the web admin will redirect to HTTPS automatically.

Admin User Name

This field specifies the administrator username of the web admin. It is set as admin by default.

This field allows you to specify a new administrator password. You may also
Admin Password click the Generate button and let the system generate a random password automatically.

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Navigating to AP>Settings on some Pepwave models displays a screen similar to the one shown below:

Operating Country
Wi-Fi Antenna

Wi-Fi Radio Settings This option sets the country whose regulations the Pepwave router follows. Choose from the router’s internal or optional external antennas, if so equipped.

Important Note
Per FCC regulations, the country selection is not available on all models marketed in the US. All US models are fixed to US channels only.

Protocol Channel Channel Width
Output Power Beacon RateA

Wi-Fi AP Settings
This option allows you to specify whether 802.11b and/or 802.11g client association requests will be accepted. Available options are 802.11ng and 802.11na. By default, 802.11ng is selected.
This option allows you to select which 802.11 RF channel will be used. Channel 1 (2.412 GHz) is selected by default.
Auto (20/40 MHz) and 20 MHz are available. The default setting is Auto (20/40 MHz), which allows both widths to be used simultaneously.
This option is for specifying the transmission output power for the Wi-Fi AP. There are 4 relative power levels available ­ Max, High, Mid, and Low. The actual output power will be bound by the regulatory limits of the selected country.
This option is for setting the transmit bit rate for sending a beacon. By default,

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1Mbps is selected.

Beacon IntervalA

This option is for setting the time interval between each beacon. By default, 100ms is selected.

DTIMA

This field allows you to set the frequency for the beacon to include a delivery traffic indication message. The interval is measured in milliseconds. The default value is set to 1 ms.

Slot TimeA

This field is for specifying the wait time before the Router transmits a packet. By default, this field is set to 9 µs.

ACK TimeoutA

This field is for setting the wait time to receive an acknowledgement packet before performing a retransmission. By default, this field is set to 48 µs.

Frame AggregationA

This option allows you to enable frame aggregation to increase transmission throughput.

Guard IntervalA

This setting allows choosing a short or long guard period interval for your transmissions.

A – Advanced feature, please click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate.

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26 AP Controller Status
26.1 Info
A comprehensive overview of your AP can be accessed by navigating to AP > Controller Status > Info.

License Limit Frequency
SSID No. of APs No.of Clients

AP Controller
This field displays the maximum number of AP your Balance router can control. You can purchase licenses to increase the number of AP you can manage.
Underneath, there are two check boxes labeled 2.4 Ghz and 5 Ghz. Clicking either box will toggle the display of information for that frequency. By default, the graphs display the number of clients and data usage for both 2.4GHz and 5 GHz frequencies.
The colored boxes indicate the SSID to display information for. Clicking any colored box will toggle the display of information for that SSID. By default, all the graphs show information for all SSIDs.
This pie chart and table indicates how many APs are online and how many are offline.
This graph displays the number of clients connected to each network at any

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Data Usage

given time. Mouse over any line on the graph to see how many clients connected to a specific SSID for that point in time.
This graph enables you to see the data usage of any SSID for any given time period. Mouse over any line on the graph to see the data usage by each SSID for that point in time. Use the buttons next to Zoom to select the time scale you wish to view. In addition, you could use the sliders at the bottom to further refine your timescale.

Events
This event log displays all activity on your AP network, down to the client level. Click View Alerts to see only alerts, and click the More… link for additional records.

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26.2 Access Point (Usage)
A detailed breakdown of data usage for each AP is available at AP > Controller Status > Access Point.

AP Name/Serial Number
Online Status

Usage
This field enables you to quickly find your device if you know its name or serial number. Fill in the field to begin searching. Partial names and serial numbers are supported.
This button toggles whether your search will include offline devices.
This table shows the detailed information on each AP, including channel, number of clients, upload traffic, and download traffic. Click the blue arrows at the left of the table to expand and collapse information on each device group.
You could also expand and collapse all groups by using the buttons.

On the right of the table, you will see the following icons:

.

Click the icon to see a usage table for each client:

Managed Wireless Devices

Click the icon to configure each client

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For easier network management, you can give each client a name and designate its location. You can also designate which firmware pack (if any) this client will follow, as well as the channels on which the client will broadcast.
Click the icon to see a graph displaying usage:

Click any point in the graphs to display detailed usage and client information for that device, using that SSID, at that point in time. On the Data Usage by menu, you can display the information by SSID or by AP send/receive rate.
Click the Event tab next to Wireless Usage to view a detailed event log for that

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particular device:
26.3 Wireless SSID
In-depth SSID reports are available under AP > Controller Status > Wireless SSID.

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Click the blue arrow on any SSID to obtain more detailed usage information on each SSID.
26.4 Mesh / WDS
Mesh / WDS allows you to monitor the status of your wireless distribution system (WDS) or Mesh, and track activity by MAC address by navigating to AP > Controller Status > Mesh / WDS. This table shows the detailed information of each AP, including protocol, transmit rate (sent / received), signal strength, and duration.

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26.5 Wireless Client
You can search for specific Wi-Fi users by navigating to AP > Controller Status > Wireless Client.

Here, you will be able to see your network’s heaviest users as well as search for specific users.

Click the icon to bookmark specific users, and click the each user:

icon for additional details about

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26.6 Nearby Device
A listing of near devices can be accessed by navigating to AP > Controller Status > Nearby Device.

Suspected Rogue Devices

Hovering over the device MAC address will result in a popup with information on how this device was

detected. Click the

icons and the device will be moved to the bottom table of identified devices.

26.7 Event Log
You can access the AP Controller Event log by navigating to AP > Controller Status > Event Log.

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Events This event log displays all activity on your AP network, down to the client level. Use to filter box to search by MAC address, SSID, AP Serial Number, or AP Profile name. Click View Alerts to see only alerts, and click the More… link for additional records.
27 Toolbox
Tools for managing firmware packs can be found at AP>Toolbox.

Firmware Packs

Here, you can manage the firmware of your AP. Clicking on

will result in information regarding

each firmware pack. To receive new firmware packs, you can click Check for Updates to download new

packs, or you can click Manual Upload to manually upload a firmware pack. Click Default to define

which firmware pack is default.

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28 System Settings
28.1 Admin Security
There are two types of user accounts available for accessing the web admin: admin and user. They represent two user levels: the admin level has full administrative access, while the user level is read-only. The user level can access only the device’s status information; users cannot make any changes on the device.
A web login session will be logged out automatically when it has been idle longer than the Web Session Timeout. Before the session expires, you may click the Logout button in the web admin to exit the session.
0 hours 0 minutes signifies an unlimited session time. This setting should be used only in special situations, as it will lower the system security level if users do not log out before closing the browser. The default is 4 hours, 0 minutes.
For security reasons, after logging in to the web admin Interface for the first time, it is recommended to change the administrator password. Configuring the administration interface to be accessible only from the LAN can further improve system security. Administrative settings configuration is located at System>Admin Security.

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Admin Settings

Router Name

This field allows you to define a name for this Pepwave router. By default, Router Name is set as MAX_XXXX, where XXXX refers to the last 4 digits of the unit’s serial number.

Admin User Name

Admin User Name is set as admin by default, but can be changed, if desired.

Admin Password This field allows you to specify a new administrator password.

Confirm Admin Password

This field allows you to verify and confirm the new administrator password.

Read-only User Name

Read-only User Name is set as user by default, but can be changed, if desired.

User Password

This field allows you to specify a new user password. Once the user password is set, the read-only user feature will be enabled.

Confirm User Password

This field allows you to verify and confirm the new user password.

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Web Session Timeout

This field specifies the number of hours and minutes that a web session can remain idle before the Pepwave router terminates its access to the web admin interface. By default, it is set to 4 hours.

Authentication by RADIUS

With this box is checked, the web admin will authenticate using an external RADIUS server. Authenticated users are treated as either “admin” with full read-write permission or “user” with read-only access. Local admin and user accounts will be disabled. When the device is not able to communicate with the external RADIUS server, local accounts will be enabled again for emergency access. Additional authentication options will be available once this box is checked.

Auth Protocol

This specifies the authentication protocol used. Available options are MS-CHAP v2 and PAP.

Auth Server This specifies the access address and port of the external RADIUS server.

Auth Server Secret

This field is for entering the secret key for accessing the RADIUS server.

Auth Timeout This option specifies the time value for authentication timeout.

Accounting Server

This specifies the access address and port of the external accounting server.

Accounting Server Secret

This field is for entering the secret key for accessing the accounting server.

Network Connection

This option is for specifying the network connection to be used for authentication. Users can choose from LAN, WAN, and VPN connections.

CLI SSH

The CLI (command line interface) can be accessed via SSH. This field enables
CLI support. For additional information regarding CLI, please refer to Section 30.5.

CLI SSH Access

This menu allows you to choose between granting access to LAN and WAN clients, or to LAN clients only.

CLI SSH Port This field determines the port on which clients can access CLI SSH.

CLI SSH Access This field is for entering the Public Key for Admin Users and Read-only Users to Public Key access CLI SSH.

Security

This option is for specifying the protocol(s) through which the web admin interface can be accessed:
HTTP HTTPS HTTP/HTTPS

Web Admin Port This field is for specifying the port number on which the web admin interface can

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Web Admin Access

be accessed.
This option is for specifying the network interfaces through which the web admin interface can be accessed:
LAN only LAN/WAN If LAN/WAN is chosen, the WAN Connection Access Settings form will be displayed.

Allowed LAN Networks

LAN Connection Access Settings
This field allows you to permit only specific networks or VLANs to access the Web UI.

Allowed Source IP Subnets

WAN Connection Access Settings
This field allows you to restrict web admin access only from defined IP subnets.
Any – Allow web admin accesses to be from anywhere, without IP address restriction.
Allow access from the following IP subnets only – Restrict web admin access only from the defined IP subnets. When this is chosen, a text input area will be displayed beneath:
The allowed IP subnet addresses should be entered into this text area. Each IP subnet must be in form of w.x.y.z/m, where w.x.y.z is an IP address (e.g., 192.168.0.0), and m is the subnet mask in CIDR format, which is between 0 and

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Allowed WAN IP Address(es)

32 inclusively (For example, 192.168.0.0/24). To define multiple subnets, separate each IP subnet one in a line. For example:
192.168.0.0/24 10.8.0.0/16
This is to choose which WAN IP address(es) the web server should listen on.

28.2 Firmware
Web admin interface : automatically check for updates
Upgrading firmware can be done in one of three ways. Using the router’s interface to automatically check for an update, using the router’s interface to manually upgrade the firmware, or using InControl2 to push an upgrade to a router.
The automatic upgrade can be done from System > Firmware.

If an update is found the buttons will change to allow you to Download and Update the firmware.

Click on the Download and Upgrade button. A prompt will be displayed advising to download the Current Active Configuration. Please click on the underlined download text. After downloading the current config click the Ok button to start the upgrade process.
The router will download and then apply the firmware. The time that this process takes will depend on your internet connection’s speed.

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The firmware will now be applied to the router. The amount of time it takes for the firmware to upgrade will also depend on the router that’s being upgraded.
Upgrading the firmware will cause the router to reboot.
Web admin interface : install updates manually
In some cases, a special build may be provided via a ticket or it may be found in the forum. Upgrading to the special build can be done using this method, or using IC2 if you are using that to manage your firmware upgrades. A manual upgrade using the GA firmware posted on the site may also be recommended or required for a couple of reasons. All of the Peplink/Pepwave GA firmware can be found here Navigate to the relevant product line (ie. Balance, Max, FusionHub, SOHO, etc). Some product lines may have a dropdown that lists all of the products in that product line. Here is a screenshot from the Balance line.

If the device has more than one firmware version the current hardware revision will be required to know what firmware to download.
Navigate to System > Firmware and click the Choose File button under the Manual Firmware Upgrade section. Navigate to the location that the firmware was downloaded to select the “.img” file and click the Open button.
Click on the Manual Upgrade button to start the upgrade process.

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A prompt will be displayed advising to download the Current Active Configuration. Please click on the underlined download text. After downloading the current config click the Ok button to start the upgrade process. The firmware will now be applied to the router. The amount of time it takes for the firmware to upgrade will depend on the router that’s being upgraded.
Upgrading the firmware will cause the router to reboot.
The InControl method
Described in this knowledgebase article on our forum.
28.3 Time
Time Settings enables the system clock of the Pepwave router to be synchronized with a specified time server. Time settings are located at System>Time.

Time Zone

Time Settings
This specifies the time zone (along with the corresponding Daylight Savings Time scheme). The Time Zone value affects the time stamps in the Pepwave router’s event log and e-mail notifications. Check Show all to show all time zone options.

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Time Server

This setting specifies the NTP network time server to be utilized by the Pepwave router.

28.4 Schedule
Enable and disable different functions (such as WAN connections, outbound policy, and firewalls at different times, based on a user-scheduled configuration profile. The settings for this are located at System > Schedule

Enable scheduling, and then click on your schedule name or on the New Schedule button to begin.

Enabling

Edit Schedule Profile
Click this checkbox to enable this schedule profile. Note that if this is disabled, then any associated features will also have their scheduling disabled.

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Name

Enter your desired name for this particular schedule profile.

Schedule

Click the drop-down menu to choose pre-defined schedules as your starting point. Please note that upon selection, previous changes on the schedule map will be deleted.

Schedule Map

Click on the desired times to enable features at that time period. You can hold your mouse for faster entry.

28.5 Email Notification
Email notification functionality provides a system administrator with up-to- date information on network status. The settings for configuring email notifications are found at System>Email Notification.

Email Notification
SMTP Server
Connection Security

Email Notification Settings
This setting specifies whether or not to enable email notification. If Enable is checked, the Pepwave router will send email messages to system administrators when the WAN status changes or when new firmware is available. If Enable is not checked, email notification is disabled and the Pepwave router will not send email messages.
This setting specifies the SMTP server to be used for sending email. If the server requires authentication, check Require authentication.
This setting specifies via a drop-down menu one of the following valid Connection Security:

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None STARTTLS SSL/TLS

SMTP Port

This field is for specifying the SMTP port number. By default, this is set to 25. If Connection Security is selected “STARTTLS”, the default port number will be set to 587. If Connection Security is selected “SSL/TLS”, the default port number will be set to 465.
You may customize the port number by editing this field.

SMTP User Name /
Password

This setting specifies the SMTP username and password while sending email.
These options are shown only if Require authentication is checked in the SMTP Server setting.

Confirm SMTP Password

This field allows you to verify and confirm the new administrator password.

Sender’s Email This setting specifies the email address the Pepwave router will use to send

Address

reports.

Recipient’s Email Address

This setting specifies the email address(es) to which the Pepwave router will send email notifications. For multiple recipients, separate each email addresses using the enter key.

After you have finished setting up email notifications, you can click the Test Email Notification button to test the settings before saving. After Test Email Notification is clicked, you will see this screen to confirm the settings:

Click Send Test Notification to confirm. In a few seconds, you will see a message with detailed test results.

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28.6 Event Log
Event log functionality enables event logging at a specified remote syslog server. The settings for configuring the remote system log can be found at System>Event Log.

Event Log Settings

Remote Syslog

This setting specifies whether or not to log events at the specified remote syslog server.

Remote Syslog Host

This setting specifies the IP address or hostname of the remote syslog server.

Push Events

The Pepwave router can also send push notifications to mobile devices that have our Mobile Router Utility installed. Check the box to activate this feature.

URL Logging This setting is to enable event logging at the specified log server.

URL Logging Host

This setting specifies the IP address or hostname of the URL log server.

Session Logging This setting is to enable event logging at the specified log server.

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Session Logging Host

This setting specifies the IP address or hostname of the Session log server.

For more information on the Router Utility, go to: www.peplink.com/products /router-utility

28.7 SNMP
SNMP or simple network management protocol is an open standard that can be used to collect information about the Pepwave router. SNMP configuration is located at System>SNMP.

SNMP Device Name
SNMP Port

SNMP Settings This field shows the router name defined at System>Admin Security. This option specifies the port which SNMP will use. The default port is 161.

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SNMPv1

This option allows you to enable SNMP version 1.

SNMPv2

This option allows you to enable SNMP version 2.

SNMPv3

This option allows you to enable SNMP version 3.

SNMP Trap

This option allows you to enable SNMP Trap. If enabled, the following entry fields will appear.

SNMP Trap Community

This setting specifies the SNMP Trap community name.

SNMP Trap Server

Enter the IP address of the SNMP Trap server.

SNMP Trap Port

This option specifies the port which the SNMP Trap server will use. The default port is 162.

SNMP Trap This option allows you to enable and configure the heartbeat interval for the SNMP Server Heartbeat Trap server.

To add a community for either SNMPv1 or SNMPv2, click the Add SNMP Community button in the Community Name table, upon which the following screen is displayed:

Community Name

SNMP Community Settings This setting specifies the SNMP community name.

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Allowed Source Subnet Address

This setting specifies a subnet from which access to the SNMP server is allowed. Enter subnet address here (e.g., 192.168.1.0) and select the appropriate subnet mask.

To define a user name for SNMPv3, click Add SNMP User in the SNMPv3 User Name table, upon which the following screen is displayed:

User Name Authentication
Protocol
Privacy Protocol

SNMPv3 User Settings
This setting specifies a user name to be used in SNMPv3.
This setting specifies via a drop-down menu one of the following valid authentication protocols:
NONE MD5 SHA When MD5 or SHA is selected, an entry field will appear for the password.
This setting specifies via a drop-down menu one of the following valid privacy protocols:
NONE DES When DES is selected, an entry field will appear for the password.

28.8 SMS Control
SMS Control allows the user to control the device using SMS even if the modem does not have a data connection. The settings for configuring the SMS Control can be found at System>SMS Control.
Supported Models
Balance/MAX: -LTE-E, -LTEA-W, -LTEA-P, -LTE-MX EPX: -LW, -LP

When this box is checked, the device will be allowed to take actions according to received commands via SMS.
Make sure your mobile plan supports SMS, and note that some plans may incur additional charges for this.
SMS Control can reboot devices and configure cellular settings over signalling channels, even if the modem does not have a data connection.
For details of supported SMS command sets, please refer to our knowledge base.

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Enable Password
White List

SMS Control Settings
Click the checkbox to enable the SMS Control.
This setting sets the password for authentication – maximum of 32 characters, which cannot include semicolon (;).
Optionally, you can add phone number(s) to the whitelist. Only matching phone numbers are allowed to issue SMS commands. Phone numbers must be in the E.164 International Phone Numbers format.

28.9 InControl

InControl is a cloud-based service which allows you to manage all of your Peplink and Pepwave devices with one unified system. With it, you can generate reports, gather statistics, and configure your devices automatically. All of this is now possible with InControl.
When this check box is checked, the device’s status information will be sent to the Peplink InControl system. This device’s usage data and configuration will be sent to the system if you enable the features in the system.
Alternatively, you can also privately host InControl. Simply check the “Privately Host InControl” box and enter the IP Address of your InControl Host. If you have multiple hosts, you may enter the primary and backup IP addresses for the InControl Host and tick the “Fail over to InControl in the cloud” box. The device will connect to either the primary InControl Host or the secondary/backup ICA/IC2.

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You can sign up for an InControl account at https://incontrol2.peplink.com/. You can register your devices under the account, monitor their status, see their usage reports, and receive offline notifications.
28.10 Configuration
Backing up Pepwave router settings immediately after successful completion of initial setup is strongly recommended. The functionality to download and upload Pepwave router settings is found at System>Configuration. Note that available options vary by model.

Configuration

Restore

The Restore Factory Settings button is to reset the configuration to factory

Configuration to default settings. After clicking the button, you will need to click the Apply

Factory Settings Changes button on the top right corner to make the settings effective.

Download Active Configurations

Click Download to backup the current active settings.

Upload Configurations

To restore or change settings based on a configuration file, click Choose File to locate the configuration file on the local computer, and then click Upload. The new settings can then be applied by clicking the Apply Changes button on the page header, or you can cancel the procedure by pressing discard on the main page of the web admin interface.

Upload

In a high availability (HA) configuration, a Pepwave router can quickly load the

Configurations configuration of its HA counterpart. To do so, click the Upload button. After loading

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from High

the settings, configure the LAN IP address of the Pepwave router so that it is

Availability Pair different from the HA counterpart.

28.11 Feature Add-ons
Some Pepwave routers have features that can be activated upon purchase. Once the purchase is complete, you will receive an activation key. Enter the key in the Activation Key field, click Activate, and then click Apply Changes.

28.12 Reboot
This page provides a reboot button for restarting the system. For maximum reliability, the Pepwave router can equip with two copies of firmware. Each copy can be a different version. You can select the firmware version you would like to reboot the device with. The firmware marked with (Running) is the current system boot up firmware.
Please note that a firmware upgrade will always replace the inactive firmware partition.

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29 Tools
29.1 Ping
The ping test tool sends pings through a specific Ethernet interface or a SpeedFusionTM VPN connection. You can specify the number of pings in the field Number of times, to a maximum number of 10 times. Packet Size can be set to a maximum of 1472 bytes. The ping utility is located at System>Tools>Ping, illustrated below:

Tip
A system administrator can use the ping utility to manually check the connectivity of a particular LAN/WAN connection.

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29.2 Traceroute Test
The traceroute test tool traces the routing path to the destination through a particular Ethernet interface or a SpeedFusionTM connection. The traceroute test utility is located at System>Tools>Traceroute .

Tip A system administrator can use the traceroute utility to analyze the connection path of a LAN/WAN connection.
29.3 PepVPN Test
The PepVPN Test tool can help to test the throughput between different VPN peers. You can define the Test Type, Direction, and Duration of the test, and press Go! to perform the throughput test. The VPN test utility is located at System>Tools>PepVPN Test, illustrated as follows:

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29.4 Wake-on-LAN
Peplink routers can send special “magic packets” to any client specified from the Web UI. To access this feature, navigate to System > Tools > Wake-on-LAN
Select a client from the drop-down list and click Send to send a “magic packet”
29.5 CLI (Command Line Interface Support)
The CLI (command line interface) can be accessed via SSH. This field enables CLI support. The below settings specify which TCP port and which interface(s) should accept remote SSH CLI access. The user name and password used for remote SSH CLI access are the same as those used for web admin access.

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30 Status
30.1 Device
System information is located at Status>Device.

Device Name
Model Product Code
Hardware Revision

System Information This is the name specified in the Device Name field located at System>Admin Security. This shows the model name and number of this device. If your model uses a product code, it will appear here.
This shows the hardware version of this device.

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Serial Number This shows the serial number of this device.

Firmware

This shows the firmware version this device is currently running.

PepVPN Version This shows the current PepVPN version.

Modem Support This shows the modem support version. For a list of supported modems, click

Version

Modem Support List.

InControl Managed Configuration

InControl Managed Configurations (firmware, VLAN, Captive Portal, etcetera)

Host Name The host name assigned to the Pepwave router appears here.

Uptime

This shows the length of time since the device has been rebooted.

System Time This shows the current system time.

OpenVPN Client Link to download OpenVpn Client profile when this is enabled in Remote User

Profile

Access

Diagnostic Report

The Download link is for exporting a diagnostic report file required for system investigation.

Remote Assistance

Click Turn on to enable remote assistance.

The second table shows the MAC address of each LAN/WAN interface connected. To view your device’s End User License Agreement (EULA), click Legal.

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30.2 GPS Data
GPS enabled models automatically store up to seven days of GPS location data in GPS eXchange format (GPX). To review this data using third-party applications, click Status>Device and then download your GPX file. The Pepwave GPS enabled devices export real-time location data in NMEA format through the LAN IP address at TCP port 60660. It is accessible from the LAN or over a SpeedFusion connection. To access the data via a virtual serial port, install a virtual serial port driver. Visit http://www.peplink.com/index.php?view=faq&id=294 to download the driver.

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30.3 Active Sessions
Information on active sessions can be found at Status>Active Sessions>Overview.

This screen displays the number of sessions initiated by each application. Click on each service listing for additional information. This screen also indicates the number of sessions initiated by each WAN port. In addition, you can see which clients are initiating the most sessions.
You can also perform a filtered search for specific sessions. You can filter by subnet, port, protocol, and interface. To perform a search, navigate to Status>Active Sessions>Search.

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This Active Sessions section displays the active inbound/outbound sessions of each WAN connection on the Pepwave router. A filter is available to sort active session information. Enter a keyword in the field or check one of the WAN connection boxes for filtering.

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30.4 Client List

The client list table is located at Status>Client List. It lists DHCP and online client IP addresses, names (retrieved from the DHCP reservation table or defined by users), current download and upload rate, and MAC address.

Clients can be imported into the DHCP reservation table by clicking the right. You can update the record after import by going to Network>LAN.

button on the

If the PPTP server (see Section 19.2), SpeedFusionTM (see Section 12.1), or AP controller (see Section 20) is enabled, you may see the corresponding connection name listed in the Name field.

In the client list table, there is a “Ban Client” feature which is used to disconnect the Wi-Fi and

Remote User Access clients by clicking the

button on the right.

There is a blocklist on the same page after you banned the Wi-Fi or Remote User Access clients.

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You may also unblock the Wi-Fi or Remote User Access clients when the client devices need to

reconnect the network by clicking

the button on the right.

30.5 WINS Client
The WINS client list table is located at Status>WINS Client.

The WINS client table lists the IP addresses and names of WINS clients. This option will only be available when you have enabled the WINS server (navigation: Network>Interfaces>LAN). The names of clients retrieved will be automatically matched into the Client List (see previous section). Click Flush All to flush all WINS client records.

30.6 UPnP / NAT-PMP
The table that shows the forwarded ports under UPnP and NAT-PMP protocols is located at Status>UPnP/NAT-PMP. This section appears only if you have enabled UPnP / NAT-PMP as mentioned in Section 16.1.1.

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Click

to delete a single UPnP / NAT-PMP record in its corresponding row. To delete all

records, click Delete All on the right-hand side below the table.

Important Note

UPnP / NAT-PMP records will be deleted immediately after clicking the button need to click Save or Confirm.

or Delete All, without the

30.7 OSPF & RIPv2
Shows status of OSPF and RIPv2

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30.8 BGP
Shows status of BGP
30.9 SpeedFusion Status
Current SpeedFusionTM status information is located at Status>SpeedFusionTM. Details about SpeedFusionTM connection peers appears as below:
Click on the corresponding peer name to explore the WAN connection(s) status and subnet information of each VPN peer.

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Click the

button for a SpeedFusion chart displaying real-time throughput, latency,

and drop-rate information for each WAN connection.

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When pressing the

button, the following menu will appear:

The Speedfusion status page shows all related information about the PepVPN connection. This screen also allows you to run PepVPN Tests allowing throughput tests.
Peplink also published a whitepaper about Speedfusion which can be downloaded from the following url: http://download.peplink.com/resources/whitepaper- speedfusion-and-best-practices-2019.pdf

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30.10 Event Log
Event log information is located at Status>Event Log.

The log section displays a list of events that has taken place on the Pepwave router. Check Auto Refresh to refresh log entries automatically. Click the Clear Log button to clear the log.

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31 WAN Quality

The Status > WAN Quality allow to show detailed information about each connected WAN connection.
For cellular connections it shows signal strength, quality, throughput and latency for the past hour.

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32 Usage Reports
This section shows bandwidth usage statistics and is located at Status > Usage Reports Bandwidth usage at the LAN while the device is switched off (e.g., LAN bypass) is neither recorded nor shown.
32.1 Real-Time
The Data transferred since installation table indicates how much network traffic has been processed by the device since the first bootup. The Data transferred since last reboot table indicates how much network traffic has been processed by the device since the last bootup.

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32.2 Hourly
This page shows the hourly bandwidth usage for all WAN connections, with the option of viewing each individual connection. Select the desired connection to check from the drop-down menu.

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32.3 Daily
This page shows the daily bandwidth usage for all WAN connections, with the option of viewing each individual connection. Select the connection to check from the drop-down menu. If you have enabled the Bandwidth Monitoring feature, the Current Billing Cycle table for that WAN connection will be displayed. Click on a date to view the client bandwidth usage of that specific date. This feature is not available if you have selected to view the bandwidth usage of only a particular WAN connection. The scale of the graph can be set to display megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB).

All WAN Daily Bandwidth Usage

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32.4 Monthly
This page shows the monthly bandwidth usage for each WAN connection. If you have enabled the Bandwidth Monitoring feature, you can check the usage of each particular connection and view the information by Billing Cycle or by Calendar Month.
Click the first two rows to view the client bandwidth usage in the last two months. This feature is not available if you have chosen to view the bandwidth of an individual WAN connection. The scale of the graph can be set to display megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB).

All WAN Monthly Bandwidth Usage

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Ethernet WAN Monthly Bandwidth Usage Tip
By default, the scale of data size is in MB. 1GB equals 1024MB.

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Appendix A: Restoration of Factory Defaults
To restore the factory default settings on a Pepwave router, follow the steps below: 1. Locate the reset button on the front or back panel of the Pepwave router. 2. With a paperclip, press and keep the reset button pressed.
Note: There is a dual function to the reset button. Hold for 5-10 seconds for admin password reset (Note: The LED status light blinks in RED 2 times and release the button, green status light starts blinking) Hold for approximately 20 seconds for factory reset (Note: The LED status light blinks in RED 3 times and release the button, all WAN/LAN port lights start blinking) After the Pepwave router finishes rebooting, the factory default settings will be restored.
Important Note
All previous configurations and bandwidth usage data will be lost after restoring factory default settings. Regular backup of configuration settings is strongly recommended.

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Appendix B: FusionSIM Manual
Peplink has developed a unique technology called FusionSIM, which allows SIM cards to remotely link to a cellular router. This can be done via cloud or within the same physical network. There are a few key scenarios to fit certain applications.
The purpose of this manual is to provide an introduction on where to start and how to set up for the most common scenarios and uses.
Requirements
1. A Cellular router that supports FusionSIM technology 2. SIM Injector 3. SIM card
Notes: – Always check for the latest Firmware version for both the cellular router and the SIM Injector. You can also check for the latest Firmware version on the device’s WEB configuration page. – A list of products that support FusionSIM can be found on the SIM Injector WEB page. Please check under the section Supported models.
SIM Injector reset and login details
How to reset a SIM Injector: – Hold the reset button for 5-10 seconds. Once the LED status light turns RED, the reset button can be released. SIM Injector will reboot and start with the factory default settings.
The default WEB login settings: – User: admin – Password: admin – IP address: the device only has a DHCP client and no fallback IP address. Therefore, it is advised to check every time what IP address is assigned to the SIM Injector.
Notes: – The SIM Injector can be monitored via InControl 2. Configuration is not supported.

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Scenario 1: SIM Injector in LAN of Cellular Router
Setup topology

This is the most basic scenario in which the SIM Injector is connected directly to the cellular router’s LAN port via an ethernet cable. This allows for the cellular router to be positioned for the best possible signal. Meanwhile, the SIM cards can be conveniently located in other locations such as the office, passenger area, or the bridge of a ship. The SIM Injector allows for easily swapping SIM cards without needing to access a cellular router.
IMPORTANT: Cellular WAN will not fallback to the local SIM if it is configured to use the SIM Injector.
Configuring the SIM Injector
1. Connect the SIM Injector to the LAN port of the cellular router. 2. Insert SIM cards into the SIM Injector. The SIM cards will be automatically detected.
IMPORTANT: SIM cards inserted into SIM Injector must not have a PIN code.
Note 1: The SIM Injector gets its IP address via DHCP and doesn’t have a static IP address. To find it’s address, please check the DHCP lease on the cellular router.

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Configuring the Cellular Router Step 1. Enable the SIM Injector communication protocol.
1a. If you are using a Balance cellular router, go to the Network tab (top navigation bar). 1b. If you are using a MAX cellular router, go to the Advanced tab (top navigation bar). 2. Under Misc. settings (left navigation bar) find Remote SIM Management. 3. In Remote SIM Management, click on the edit icon next to Remote SIM is Disabled.
4. Check the Auto LAN discovery checkbox and click Save and Apply Changes.
5. Click Save and then Apply Changes.
Step 2. Enable RemoteSIM for the selected Cellular interface.
1. Go to Network (top navigation bar), then WAN (left navigation bar) and click Details for a selected cellular WAN. This will open the WAN Connection Settings page.
2. Scroll down to Cellular settings. 3. In the SIM Card section, select Use Remote SIM Only.

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4. Enter configuration settings in Remote SIM Settings section. Click on Scan nearby remote SIM server to show the serial number(s) of the connected SIM Injector(s). Available configuration options for cellular interface are shown below:
A. Defining SIM Injector(s) – Format: <S/N> – Example 1: 1111-2222-3333 – Example 2: 1111-2222-3333 4444-5555-6666
B. Defining SIM Injector(s) SIM slot(s): – Format: <S/N:slot number> – Example 1: 1111-2222-3333:7,5 (the Cellular Interface will use SIM in slot 7, then 5) – Example 2: 1111-2222-3333:1,2 1111-2222-3333:3,4 (the cellular Interface will use SIM in slot 1, then in 2 from the first SIM Injector, and then it will use 3 and 4 from the second SIM Injector).

Note: It is recommended to use different SIM slots for each cellular interface.
5. Click Save and Apply Changes.
Step 3. (Optional) Custom SIM cards settings.
1a. For a Balance router, go to the Network (Top tab). 1b. For a MAX router, go to the Advanced (Top tab). 2. Under Misc. settings (Left-side tab) find Remote SIM Management. 3. Click on the Add Remote SIM button, fill in all the required info and click Save. This section allows defining custom requirements for a SIM card located in a certain SIM slot:
– Enable/Disable roaming (by default roaming is disabled). – Add Custom mobile operator settings (APN, user name, password). 4. Repeat configuration for all SIM cards which need custom settings. 5. Click Apply Changes to take effect.

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Scenario 2: SIM Injector in WAN of main Router and multiple Cellular Routers
Setup topology

In this scenario, each HD Dome creates a WAN connection to the main router. A single SIM Injector is used to provide SIM cards for each HD Dome. The HD Dome can be replaced with any Peplink cellular router supporting RemoteSIM technology.
This scenario requires the completion of the configuration steps shown in Scenario 1 in addition to the configuration steps explained below.
Additional configurations for Cellular Routers
Step 1. Disable the DHCP server.
– HD Dome 1 should act as a DHCP server. – HD Dome 2 should be configured to have a static IP address with DHCP disabled. – Both routers should be in the same subnet (e.g. 192.168.50.1 and 192.168.50.2).

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1. Go to Network (Top tab), then Network Settings (Left-side tab), and click on Untagged LAN. This will open up the LAN settings page. 2. Change the IP address to 192.168.50.2. 3. In the DHCP Server section, uncheck the checkbox to disable DHCP Server. 4. Click Save and Apply Changes.
Step 2. Ethernet port configuration
The Ethernet port must be set to ACCESS mode for each HD Dome. To do this, dummy VLANs need to be created first.
1. Go to Network (Top tab), then Network Settings (Left-side tab), and click on New LAN. This will open the settings page to create a dummy VLAN.
2. The image below shows the values that need to be changed to create a new VLAN:

Note: set different IP addresses for each HD dome (e.g. 192.168.10.1 and 192.168.10.2).
3. Click Save and Apply Changes. 4. Go to Network (Top tab), then Port Settings (Left-side tab). 5. Set the Port Type to Access and set VLAN to Untagged LAN (see picture below).

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6. Click Save and Apply Changes.
Configuration requirements for the main Router
Requirements for the main router are: – Configure WAN 1 as a DHCP client. – WAN 1 will automatically get the Gateway IP address from HD Dome 1. – Configure WAN 2 as a Static IP and set it to 192.168.50.12. – Configure WAN 2 Gateway to 192.168.50.2. Same as the HD Dome 2’s IP address.

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Scenario 3: SIM Injector in LAN of main Router and multiple Cellular Routers
Setup topology

In this scenario, SIMs are provided to the HD Domes via the main router. In this example, the Remote SIM Proxy functionality needs to be enabled on the main router.
Notes: – HD Dome can be replaced with any other cellular router that supports RemoteSIM. – It is recommended to use Peplink Balance series or X series routers as the main router.

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This scenario requires the completion of the configuration steps for the cellular router and the SIM Injector as in Scenario 1. The configuration for the main router is explained below.
Main Router configuration
IMPORTANT: Main router LAN side and Cellular Routers must be configured using different subnets, e.g. 192.168.50.1/24 and 192.168.100.1/24. Note: please make sure the Peplink router is running Firmware 8.1.0 or above. 1. Open the main router WEB interface and change: From /cgi- bin/MANGA/index.cgi to /cgi-bin/MANGA/support.cgi. This will open the support.cgi page.
2. Scroll down to find Remote SIM Proxy and click on [click to configure] that is located next to it. 3. Check the Enable checkbox. 4. Click on Save. 5. Go back to the index.cgi page and click on Apply Changes.

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Scenario 4: SIM Injector in a remote location
Setup topology

Requirements for installing a SIM Injector in a remote location: Cellular router communicates with the SIM Injector via UDP port 50000. Therefore this port must be reachable via public IP over the Internet. The one way latency between the cellular router and the SIM Injector should be up to 250 ms. A higher latency may lead to stability issues. The cellular router must have Internet connection to connect to the SIM Injector. It can be another Internet connection via Ethernet or Fiber if possible, or a secondary cellular interface with a local SIM (Ignite SIM). Due to its high latency, it is not recommended to use satellite WAN for connecting to a SIM Injector in remote locations.
SIM Injector configuration is the same as in Scenario 1.
Cellular Router configuration
Step 1. Enable the SIM Injector communication protocol.
1a. For a Balance cellular router, go to the Network (Top tab). 1b. For a MAX cellular router, go to the Advanced (Top tab).

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2. Under Misc. settings (Left-side tab), find Remote SIM Management. 3. In Remote SIM Management, click on the edit icon next to Remote SIM is Disabled. 4. Enter the public IP of the SIM Injector and click Save and Apply Changes.
Notes: – Do NOT check Auto LAN Discovery. – Do NOT add a SIM Injector serial number to the Remote SIM Host field.
Step 2. RemoteSIM and custom SIM card settings configurations are the same as in Scenario 1.

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How to check if a Pepwave Cellular Router supports Remote SIM
1. Go to Network (Top tab), then WAN (Left-side tab), and click Details on any cellular WAN. This will open the WAN Connection Settings page. 2. Scroll down to Cellular settings. If you can see the Remote SIM Settings section, then the cellular router supports Remote SIMs.
Monitor the status of the Remote SIM
1. Go to Network (Top tab), then WAN (Left-side tab), and click Details on the cellular WAN which was configured to use RemoteSIM. 2. Check the WAN Connection Status section. Within the cell WAN details, there is a section for Remote SIM (SIM card IMSI, SIM Injector serial number and SIM slot).

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Appendix C: Overview of ports used by Peplink SD-WAN routers and other Peplink services

Default Port Number

Usage

Service

UDP 5246

Data flow

InControl

TCP 443

HTTPS service

InControl

TCP 5246

Optional, used when TCP

443 is not responding

InControl

TCP 5246

Remote Web Admin

InControl Virtual Appliance

TCP 4500

VPN Data (TCP Mode)

PepVPN / SpeedFusion

TCP 32015

VPN handshake

PepVPN / SpeedFusion

UDP 4500

VPN Data

PepVPN / SpeedFusion

UDP 32015º

VPN Data (alternative)

PepVPN / SpeedFusion

TCP/UDP 4500+N-1^

VPN Sub-Tunnels Data

PepVPN / SpeedFusion

UDP 32015+N-1^

VPN Sub-Tunnels Data (alternative)

PepVPN / SpeedFusion

UDP 4500

VPN Data

IPsec

UDP 500

VPN initiation

IPsec

UDP 500

L2TP

Remote User Access

UDP 1701

L2TP

Remote User Access

UDP 4500

L2TP

Remote User Access

UDP 1194

OpenVPN

Remote User Access

IP 47

PPTP (GRE)

Remote User Access

TCP 2222

Peplink

Remote Assistance Direct Troubleshooting

connection

Assistance

TCP 80

HTTP traffic

Web Admin

Inbound/Outbound Outbound Outbound

Default Status Enabled
Enabled

Outbound

Enabled

Outbound Inbound / Outbound*

Enabled Disabled

Inbound / Outbound Disabled Inbound / Outbound Disabled

Inbound / Outbound Disabled Inbound / Outbound Disabled

Inbound / Outbound
Inbound / Outbound
Inbound / Outbound*

Disabled
Disabled Disabled

Inbound

Disabled

Inbound

Disabled

Inbound

Disabled

Inbound

Disabled

Inbound

Disabled

Outbound Inbound

Enabled Enabled

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TCP 443 TCP 8822 UDP 161 UDP 162 TCP, UDP 1812 TCP, UDP 1813
UDP 123
TCP 60660

HTTPS traffic SSH SNMP Get SNMP Trap Radius Authentication Radius Accounting

Interface access Web Admin Interface access (secure) SSH SNMP monitoring SNMP monitoring Radius Radius

Network Time Protocol NTP

Real-time location data in

NMEA format

GPS

Inbound Inbound Inbound Outbound Outbound Outbound Inbound Outbound
Outbound

Enabled Disabled Disabled Disabled Disabled Disabled Disabled Enabled
Disabled

Disclaimer:
By default, only TCP 32015 and UDP 4500 are needed for PepVPN / SpeedFusion. Inbound / Outbound* – Inbound = For Server mode; Outbound = For Client mode UDP 32015º – If IPsec VPN or L2TP/IPsec RUA is enabled, the UDP 4500 is occupied, so
PepVPN / SpeedFusion will automatically switch to UPD 32015 as VPN data port . UDP 32015+N-1^ / TCP/UDP 4500+N-1^ – When using Sub-Tunnels, multiple ports are in use (1
for each Sub-Tunnel profile). The default UDP data ports used when using (N number of Sub-Tunnel profiles) are:
4500…4500+N-1, or (when port 4500 is in use by IPsec or L2TP/IPsec) 32015… 32015+N-1″.

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Appendix D: Declaration
FCC Requirements for Operation in the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice:
For MAX Transit Pro E / MAX Transit LTEA
FCC 15.21: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment.
FCC 15.105 This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
RF exposure warning This equipment must be installed and operated in accordance with provided instructions and the antenna(s) used for this transmitter must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. End-users and installers must be provided with antenna installation instructions and transmitter operating conditions for satisfying RF exposure compliance.

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ICES Statement
This product meets the applicable Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada technical specifications.
Le présent produit est conforme aux spécifications techniques applicables d’Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada.
This device contains licence-exempt transmitter(s)/receiver(s) that comply with Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada’s licence-exempt RSS(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause interference.
2. This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
Le present appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence.
L’exploitation est autorisee aux deux conditions suivantes:
1. l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et
2. l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioelectrique subi, meme si le brouillage est susceptible d’en
RF exposure warning
This device complies with the ISED radiation exposure limit set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This device should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Cet équipement est conforme avec l’exposition aux radiations ISED définies pour un environnement non contrôlé. Cet équipement doit être installé et utilisé à une distance minimum de 20 cm entre le radiateur et votre corps. Cet émetteur ne doit pas être colocalisées ou opérant en conjonction avec une autre antenne ou transmetteur.

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This radio transmitter IC: 20682-P1835 has been approved by Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below, with the maximum permissible gain indicated. Antenna types not included in this list that have a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for any type listed are strictly prohibited for use with this device.

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Cet émetteur radio IC : 20682-P1835 a été approuvé par Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada doit fonctionner avec les types d’antennes énumérés ci-dessous, avec le gain maximal admissible indiqué. Les types d’antenne non inclus dans cette liste qui ont un gain supérieur au gain maximum indiqué pour tout type répertorié sont strictement interdits pour une utilisation avec cet appareil.

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FCC Requirements for Operation in the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice:

For MAX HD1, MAX HD2 (FCC ID: U8G-P1AX17)

Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement

Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Radiation Exposure Statement

This equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator and your body.

Industry Canada Statement (MAX HD1, MAX HD2, IC: 20682-P1AX17)

This product meets the applicable Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada technical specifications.

Le présent produit est conforme aux spécifications techniques applicables d’Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada.

This device contains licence-exempt transmitter(s)/receiver(s) that comply with Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada’s licence-exempt RSS(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

(1) This device may not cause interference. (2) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.

Le present appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio ex-empts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisee aux deux conditions suivantes:

(1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioelectrique subi, meme si le brouillage est susceptible d’en

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(i) The device for operation in the band 5150­5250 MHz is only for indoor use to reduce the potent for harmful interference to co-channel mobile satellite systems;
(ii) For devices with detachable antenna(s), the maximum antenna gain permitted for devices in the band 5725-5850 MHz shall be such that the equipment still complies with the e.i.r.p. limits as appropriate; (detachable antenna only) ; and The high-power radars are allocated as primary users (i.e. priority users) of the band 5725-5850 MHz and that these radars could cause interference and/or damage to LE-LAN devices.
(iii) For devices with detachable antenna(s), the maximum antenna gain permitted for devices in the band 5725-5850 MHz shall be such that the equipment still complies with the e.i.r.p. limits specified for point-to-point and non-point-to-point operation as appropriate.
(i) Le dispositif fonctionnant dans la bande 5150-5250 MHz est réservé uniquement pour une utilisation à l’intérieur afin de réduire les risques de brouillage préjudiciable aux systèmes de satellites mobiles utilisant les mêmes canaux;
(ii)Le gain maximal d’antenne permis pour les dispositifs avec antenne(s) amovible(s) utilisant la bande 5725-5850 MHz doit se conformer à la limitation P.I.R.E spécifiée pour l’exploitation point à point et non point à point, selon le cas. En outre, les utilisateurs devraient aussi être avisés que les utilisateurs de radars de haute puissance sont désignés utilisateurs principaux (c.-à-d., qu’ils ont la priorité) pour les bandes 5725-5850 MHz et que ces radars pourraient causer du brouillage et/ou des dommages aux dispositifs LAN-EL.
(iii) Le gain maximal d’antenne permis pour les dispositifs avec antenne(s) amovible(s) utilisant la bande 5725-5850 MHz doit se conformer à la limitation P.I.R.E spécifiée pour l’exploitation point à point et non point à point.
Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with ISED RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator and your body.
Cet appareil doit être installé et utilisé avec une distance minimale de 20cm entre l’émetteuret votre corps. Cet appareil et sa ou ses antennes ne doivent pas être co-localisés ou fonctionner en conjonction avec tout autre antenne ou transmetteur.

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This radio transmitter IC: 20682-P1AX17 has been approved by Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below, with the maximum permissible gain indicated. Antenna types not included in this list that have a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for any type listed are strictly prohibited for use with this device.
WIFI Antenna type: Omni-directional WIFI Antenna gain: 2.4GHz / 2.44 dBi 5150 ~ 5250 MHz / 4.10 dBi 5725 ~ 5850 MHz / 4.73 dBi
Cet émetteur radio IC : 20682-P1AX17 a été approuvé par Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada pour fonctionner avec les types d’antennes répertoriés ci-dessous, avec le gain maximal autorisé indiqué. Les types d’antenne non inclus dans cette liste qui ont un gain supérieur au gain maximum indiqué pour tout type répertorié sont strictement interdits pour une utilisation avec cet appareil.
Type d’antenne WIFI : omnidirectionnelle Gain de l’antenne Wi-Fi : 2.4 GHz / 2.44 dBi 5150 ~ 5250 MHz / 4.10 dBi 5725 ~ 5850 MHz / 4.73 dBi

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USB WAN Modem Port Specification MAX Series

MAX 700 Output Rating 5V DC, 2A

MAX HD2 / MAX HD2 Media Fast
5V DC, 2A

MAX HD2 Mini

MAX HD2 / HD4 MBX

MAX BR1 ENT
MAX BR1NT

MAX HD4 / MAX HD4 Media Fast /
MediaFast 200

5V DC, 2A

5V DC, 0.5A

5V DC, 2A

5V DC, 2A

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References

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