Carrier GA4S Split System Air Conditioners Installation Guide

Carrier GA4S Split System Air Conditioners

Product Information

The GA4S and GA5S Split-System Air Conditioners are designed to provide efficient cooling using R-410A refrigerant. These air conditioners are intended for installation by EPA-qualified personnel with appropriate certification. They are not recommended for use by individuals with reduced physical, sensory, or mental capabilities unless supervised by someone responsible for their safety.

It is important to follow all safety codes and wear safety glasses, protective clothing, and work gloves during installation. A fire extinguisher should be readily available. The installation should comply with local building codes and the National Electrical Code (NEC) NFPA 70. In Canada, the Canadian electrical code CSA 22.1 should be referred to.

There are two important warnings to consider. First, before installing, modifying, or servicing the system, ensure that the main electrical disconnect switch is in the OFF position. This is to prevent electrical shock hazards. Second, never use air or any gas containing oxygen for leak testing or operating refrigerant compressors. Additionally, do not allow compressor suction pressure to operate in a vacuum with service valves closed.

Some general guidelines for installation include locating the unit away from windows, patios, and decks to minimize operational sound disturbance. The unit should be installed at an elevation of 10,000 feet (3000 meters) above sea level or lower. Proper sizing of vapor and liquid tubes is important, and refrigerant tubes should be run with no bends and a centerline bend radius less than 2.5 times the external pipe diameter. Some slack should be left between the structure and the unit to absorb vibration.

When passing refrigerant tubes through the wall, it is recommended to seal the opening with RTV or other pliable silicon-based caulk. Direct tubing contact with water pipes, duct work, floor joists, walls, and floors should be avoided. Refrigerant tubing should not be suspended from joists and studs with a rigid wire or strap that comes in direct contact with the tubing. Tubing insulation should be pliable and surround the vapor tube. Hanger straps that are 1 inch (25 mm) wide and conform to the shape of tubing insulation can be used when necessary. Metal sleeves bent to conform to the shape of insulation should be used to isolate hanger straps from insulation. Provision should also be made for the expansion and contraction of long runs of piping, and efforts should be made to protect piping and fittings against adverse environmental effects such as dirt and debris accumulation.

Product Usage Instructions

1. Ensure that the main electrical disconnect switch is in the OFF
   position before installing, modifying, or servicing the system.

2. Do not use air or any gas containing oxygen for leak testing or operating refrigerant compressors.

3. Locate the unit away from windows, patios, decks, etc. to minimize operational sound disturbance.

4. Install the unit at an elevation of 10,000 feet (3000 meters) above sea level or lower.

5. Ensure that the vapor and liquid tube diameters are appropriate for the unit’s capacity.

6. Run refrigerant tubes with no bends and a centerline bend radius less than 2.5 times the external pipe diameter.

7. Leave some slack between the structure and the unit to absorb vibration.

8. When passing refrigerant tubes through the wall, seal the opening with RTV or other pliable silicon-based caulk.

9. Avoid direct tubing contact with water pipes, duct work, floor joists, walls, and floors.

10. Do not suspend refrigerant tubing from joists and studs with a rigid wire or strap that comes in direct contact with the tubing.

11. Ensure that tubing insulation is pliable and surrounds the vapor tube.

12. Use 1-inch (25 mm) wide hanger straps that conform to the shape of tubing insulation when necessary.

13. Isolate hanger straps from insulation using metal sleeves bent to conform to the shape of the insulation.

14. Make provisions for expansion and contraction of long runs of piping.

15. Protect piping and fittings against adverse environmental effects such as dirt and debris accumulation.

Installation Instructions

NOTE : Read the entire instruction manual before starting the installation.

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

IMPORTANT : This appliance shall only be installed by EPA-qualified personnel having appropriate certification. This appliance is not intended for use by persons (including children) with reduced physical, sensory, or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge unless they have been given supervision or instruction concerning the use of the appliance by a person responsible for their safety.

Improper installation, adjustment, alteration, service, maintenance, or use can cause explosion, fire, electrical shock, or other conditions that may cause death, personal injury, or property damage. Consult a qualified installer, service agency, or your distributor or branch for information or assistance. The qualified installer or agency must use factory-authorized kits or accessories when modifying this product. Refer to the individual instructions packaged with the kits or accessories when installing.

Follow all safety codes. Wear safety glasses, protective clothing, and work gloves. Use a quenching cloth for brazing operations. Have a fire extinguisher available. Read these instructions thoroughly and follow all warnings or cautions included in the literature and attached to the unit. Consult local building codes and current editions of the National Electrical Code (NEC) NFPA 70. In Canada, refer to current editions of the Canadian Electrical Code CSA 22.1. Recognize safety information. This is the safety-alert symbol When you see this symbol on the unit and in instructions or manuals, be alert to the potential for personal injury. Understand these signal words;

DANGER, WARNING, and CAUTION. These words are used with the safety-alert symbol. DANGER identifies the most serious hazards which will result in severe personal injury or death.

• WARNING signifies hazards that could result in personal injury or death.
• CAUTION is used to identify unsafe practices that would result in minor personal injury or product and property damage.
• NOTE is used to highlight suggestions that will result in enhanced installation, reliability, or operation.

WARNING: ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury or death. Before installing, modifying, or servicing the system, the main electrical disconnect switch must be in the OFF position. There may be more than 1 disconnect switch. Lock out and tag the switch with a suitable warning label.

WARNING: EXPLOSION HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury or death. Never use air or any gas containing oxygen for leak testing or operating refrigerant compressors. Never allow compressor suction pressure to operate in a vacuum with service valves closed. See the service manual for pump-down instructions.

GENERAL

NOTE : In some cases, noise in the living area has been traced to gas pulsations from improper installation of equipment.

1. This unit is intended to be installed in a location that is 10,000 feet (3000 meters) above sea level or lower.
2. Locate the unit away from windows, patios, decks, etc. where unit operation sound may disturb customers.
3. Ensure that vapor and liquid tube diameters are appropriate for unit capacity.
4. Run refrigerant tubes with no bends with a centerline bend radius less than 2.5 times the external pipe diameter.
5. Leave some slack between the structure and unit to absorb vibration.
6. When passing refrigerant tubes through the wall, seal the opening with RTV or other pliable silicon-based caulk. (See Fig. 1.)
7. Avoid direct tubing contact with water pipes, duct work, floor joists, wall studs, floors, and walls.
8. Do not suspend refrigerant tubing from joists and studs with a rigid wire or strap that comes in direct contact with tubing (see Fig. 1).
9. Ensure that tubing insulation is pliable and surrounds the vapor tube.
10. When necessary, use hanger straps that are 1 in. (25 mm) wide and conform to the shape of the tubing insulation. (See Fig. 1.)
11. Isolate hanger straps from insulation by using metal sleeves bent to conform to the shape of the insulation.
12. Provision shall be made for the expansion and contraction of long runs of piping.
13. Piping and fittings shall be protected as far as possible against adverse environmental effects. For example, the accumulation of dirt and debris.
14. Piping should be installed to reduce the likelihood of hydraulic shock damaging the system.
15. Certified piping and components must be used to protect against corrosion.
16. Flexible pipe elements shall be protected against mechanical damage, excessive stress by torsion, or other forces. They should be checked for mechanical damage annually.
17. Piping material, routing, and installation shall include protection from physical damage in operation and service, and comply with the national and local codes and standards of the installation site.
18. When setting up refrigerant piping, precautions shall be taken to avoid excessive vibration or pulsation

Installation

IMPORTANT : Effective January 1, 2015, all split system and packaged air conditioners must be installed under applicable regional efficiency standards issued by the Department of Energy.

CAUTION: CUT HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in personal injury. Sheet metal parts may have sharp edges or burrs. Use care and wear appropriate protective clothing and gloves when handling parts.

Check Equipment and Job Site

UNPACK UNIT
Move to the final location. Remove the carton taking care not to damage the unit.

Inspect Equipment
File a claim with the shipping company before installation if the shipment is damaged or incomplete. Locate the unit rating plate on the unit corner panel. It contains information needed to properly install the unit. Check the rating plate to be sure the unit matches job specifications.

Install on a Solid, Level Mounting Pad
If conditions or local codes require the unit to be attached to a pad, tie- down bolts should be used and fastened through knockouts provided in the unit base pan. Refer to the unit mounting pattern in Fig. 2 to determine the base pan size and knockout hole location. For hurricane tie-downs, contact the local distributor for details and PE (Professional Engineer) certification, if required.

Make Piping Connections

UNIT BASE PAN

Dimension in. (mm)

| TIEDOWN KN| OCKOUT LOCATI| ONS in. (mm)
---|---|---|---
A| B| C
23-1/2 X 23-1/2

(596.9 X 596.9)

| 7-13/16 (198.4)| 4–7/16 (112.7)| 18–1/16 (458.8)
26 X 26

(660.4 X 660.4)

| 9–1/8 (231.8)| 4–7/16 (112.7)| 21–1/4 (539.8)
31–1/2 X 31–1/2

(800.1 X 800.1)

| 9–1/8 (231.8)| 6–9/16 (166.7)| 24–11/16 (627.1)
35 X 35

(889 X 889)

| 9–1/8 (231.8)| 6–9/16 (166.7)| 28–7/16 (722.3)

Fig. 2: Tiedown Knockout Locations

On rooftop applications, mount on a level platform or frame. Place the unit above a load-bearing wall and isolate the unit and tubing set from the structure. Arrange supporting members to adequately support the unit and minimize transmission of vibration to the building. Consult local codes governing rooftop applications. Roof-mounted units exposed to winds may require wind baffles. Consult the Application Guideline and Service Manual – Residential Split System Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps for wind baffle construction.

NOTE : Unit must be level to within ±2° (±3/8 in./ft.±9.5 mm/m) per compressor manufacturer specifications.

Clearance Requirements
When installing, allow sufficient space for airflow clearance, wiring, refrigerant piping, and service. Allow 24 in. (610 mm) clearance to service end of unit and 48 in. (1219 mm) (above unit. For proper airflow, a 6-in. (152 mm) clearance on 1 side of the unit and 12-in. (305 mm) on all remaining sides must be maintained. Maintain a distance of 24 in. (610 mm) between units or 18 in. (457 mm) if no overhang within 12 ft. (3.67 m) Position so water, snow, or ice from the roof or eaves cannot fall directly on the unit.

NOTE : The 18” (457 mm) clearance option described above is approved for outdoor units with wire grille coil guard only. Units with louver panels require 24” (610 mm) between units. On rooftop applications, locate the unit at least 6 in. (152 mm) above the roof surface.

Operating Ambient
The minimum outdoor operating ambient in a cooling mode without accessories is 55°F (13°C).

WARNING: PERSONAL INJURY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury or death. Relieve pressure and recover all refrigerant before system repair or final unit disposal. Use all service ports and open all flow-control devices, including solenoid valves. Federal regulations require that refrigerant is not vented into the atmosphere. Recover during system repair or final unit disposal.

CAUTION: UNIT DAMAGE HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in equipment damage or improper operation. If ANY refrigerant tubing is buried, provide a 6-in (152 mm). vertical rise at the service valve. Refrigerant tubing lengths up to 36-in (914 mm). may be buried without further special consideration. Do not bury lines more than 36-in. (914 mm).

Outdoor units may be connected to the indoor section using an accessory tubing package or field-supplied refrigerant-grade tubing of the correct size and condition. Rated tubing diameters shown in Table 1 are recommended up to 80 ft. (24 m). See Product Data for acceptable alternate vapor diameters and associated capacity losses. For tubing requirements beyond 80 ft. (24 m), substantial capacity and performance losses can occur. Following the recommendations in the Residential Piping and Long Line Guideline will reduce these losses. Refer to Table 1 for field tubing diameters. Refer to Table 6 for accessory requirements. There are no buried-line applications greater than 36-in. (914 mm) allowed. If refrigerant tubes or indoor coils are exposed to the atmosphere, they must be evacuated to 500 microns to eliminate contamination and moisture in the system.

Outdoor Unit Connected to Factory-Approved Indoor Unit

For proper unit operation, check the refrigerant charge using the charging information located on the control box cover and/or in the Check Charge section of this instruction. When the outdoor unit is connected to the factory-approved indoor unit, the outdoor unit contains an approximate system refrigerant charge for operation with factory approved AHRI rated indoor unit when connected by 15 ft. (4.6 m) of field-supplied or factory-accessory tubing, and factory-supplied filter drier. Check refrigerant charge for maximum efficiency. Unit is factory charged for 15ft (4.57 m) of lines (except for GA4S 18 and 24 sizes. Add 18 oz for the 18 sizes and 6 oz for the 24 sizes for the 15 ft lineset). For all sizes, adjust the charge by adding or removing 0.6 oz/ft of 3/8 liquid line above or below 15 ft. (4.6 m) respectively.

Refrigerant Tubing Connection Outdoor

IMPORTANT : Maximum liquid-line size is 3/8 in. OD for all residential applications including long lines. Refer to Residential Piping and Long Line Guideline for further information.

IMPORTANT : Always install the factory-supplied liquid-line filter drier. If replacing the filter drier, refer to the Product Replacement Parts List. for an appropriate part number. Obtain replacement filter driers from your distributor or branch. Connect vapor and liquid tubes to fittings on vapor and liquid service valves (see Table 1.) Use refrigerant-grade tubing

Sweat Connection

CAUTION: UNIT DAMAGE HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in equipment damage or improper operation. Service valves must be wrapped in a heat-sinking material such as a wet cloth while brazing.

Use refrigeration-grade tubing. Service valves are closed from the factory and ready for brazing. Clean line set tube ends with emery cloth or steel brush. Remove any grit or debris. Insert line set tube ends into service valve tube stubs. Apply heat-absorbing paste or heat sink product between the service valve and joint. Wrap service valves with a heat sinking material such as a wet cloth. Braze joints using a Sil–Fos or Phos–copper alloy. Consult local code requirements. Refrigerant tubing and indoor coil are now ready for leak testing. This check should include all field and factory joints.

NOTE : Some outdoor units contain a mechanical fitting at the liquid distributor. This connection is not field serviceable and should not be disturbed.

WARNING: FIRE HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury, death, and/or property damage. The refrigerant and oil mixture could ignite and burn as it escapes and contacts the brazing torch. Make sure the refrigerant charge is properly removed from both the high and low sides of the system before brazing any component or lines.

CAUTION: BURN HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in personal injury Components will be HOT after brazing. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment and allow to cool before handling parts and equipment.

Table 1:  Refrigerant Connections and Recommended Liquid and Vapor Tube Diameters (In.)

UNIT SIZE

| LIQUID | RATED VAPOR
---|---|---
Connection & Max. Tube Diameter| Connection Diameter| Tube Diameter
18, 24, 30| 3/8| 3/4| 3/4
36, 42, 48,49| 3/8| 7/8| 7/8
60,61| 3/8| 7/8| 1-1/8

Units are rated with 25 ft. (7.6 m) of lineset. See the Product Datasheet for performance data when using different size and length line sets

Notes:

1. Do not apply a capillary tube to these units.
2. For Tubing Set lengths between 80 and 200 ft. (24 and 61 m) horizontal or 35 ft. (11 m) vertical differential 250 ft. (76.2 m) Total Equivalent Length), refer to the Residential Piping and Long Line Guideline- Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps using Puron refrigerant.
3. For alternate liquid line options on 18-42 size units, see Product Data or Residential Piping and Application Guideline

Install Liquid-Line Filter Drier Indoor

Refer to Fig. 3 and install the filter drier as follows:

CAUTION: UNIT DAMAGE HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in equipment damage or improper operation.

1. Installation of filter drier in liquid line is required.
2. The filter drier must be wrapped in a heat-sinking material such as a wet cloth while brazing.
3. Braze 5-in. liquid tube to the indoor coil.
4. Wrap the filter drier with a damp cloth.
5. Braze filter drier to above 5-in. (127 mm) liquid tube. The flow arrow must point toward the indoor coil.
6. Connect and braze the liquid refrigerant tube to the filter drier.

Evacuate Refrigerant Tubing and Indoor Coil

CAUTION: UNIT DAMAGE HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in equipment damage or improper operation. Never use the system compressor as a vacuum pump.

Refrigerant tubes and indoor coil should be evacuated using the recommended deep vacuum method of 500 microns. The alternate triple evacuation method may be used (see triple evacuation procedure in the service manual). Always break a vacuum with dry nitrogen.

Deep Vacuum Method
The deep vacuum method requires a vacuum pump capable of pulling a vacuum of 500 microns and a vacuum gauge capable of accurately measuring this vacuum depth. The deep vacuum method is the most positive way of assuring a system is free of air and liquid water. A tight dry system will hold a vacuum of 1000 microns after approximately 7 minutes. See Fig. 4

Mandatory Requirements

Pressure Proof Check

1. Perform a pressure check of the unit with a nitrogen charge of about 200 psi.
2. The Nitrogen holding charge must NOT decrease in pressure for 1 hour, as indicated by the test gauge. The measuring test gauge resolution does not exceed 5% of the holding charge.

Leak Check
This leak check requires a vacuum pump capable of pulling a vacuum of at least 500 microns and a vacuum gauge capable of accurately measuring this vacuum depth.

WARNING: FIRE HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury, death, and/or property damage. DO NOT USE FLAMES OR IGNITION SOURCES TO LEAK CHECK.

1. Vacuum unit to 500 microns.
2. When isolating the unit from the pump, the pressure shall not rise above 1500 microns in 10 minutes.

Final Tubing Check

IMPORTANT : Check to be certain factory tubing on both indoor and outdoor units has not shifted during shipment. Ensure tubes are not rubbing against each other or any sheet metal or wires. Pay close attention to feeder tubes, making sure wire ties on feeder tubes are secure and tight.

Installing with Indoor Piston

Outdoor Unit Connected to Factory-Approved Indoor Unit
Check the piston size shipped with the indoor unit to see if it matches the required indoor piston size. If it does not match, replace indoor piston with the correct piston size. The piston included with the FMA, FMC, and FMU fan coils are unique to those products and CANNOT be replaced with the piston shipped with the outdoor unit. Refer to the AHRI Directory to check if a certain combination can use a piston or requires an accessory TXV. When changing indoor pistons, use a backup wrench. Hand tighten the hex nut, then tighten with the wrench 1/2 turn. Do not exceed 30 ft−lbs. The indoor piston contains a Teflon ring (or seal) which is used to seat against the inside of the distributor body and must be installed properly to ensure proper seating. See Fig. 5

Air Conditioner Applied as Replacement Component
If the air conditioner is installed as a replacement component in an existing piston indoor system, the piston size in the indoor unit should be changed to the size required for the air conditioner which can be found in the indoor unit Product Data

Units with Cooling Mode TXV
Units installed with cooling mode TXV require charging by the subcooling method.

1. Operate the unit for a minimum of 15 minutes before checking the charge.
2. Measure liquid service valve pressure by attaching an accurate gauge to the service port.
3. Measure liquid line temperature by attaching an accurate thermistor type or electronic thermometer to the liquid line near the outdoor coil.
4. Refer to the unit rating plate for the required subcooling temperature.
5. Refer to Table 2 – Rating Plate (required) Subcooling Temperature. Find the point where the required subcooling temperature intersects the measured liquid service valve pressure.
6. To obtain the required subcooling temperature at a specific liquid line pressure, add refrigerant if the liquid line temperature is higher than indicated or reclaim refrigerant if the temperature is lower. Allow a tolerance of ±3°F (±1.7°C).

Units with Indoor Piston
Units installed with indoor pistons require charging by the superheat method. The following procedure is valid when indoor airflow is within ±21 percent of its rated CFM.

1. Operate the unit for a minimum of 15 minutes before checking the charge.
2. Measure suction pressure by attaching an accurate gauge to the suction valve service port.
3. Measure suction temperature by attaching an accurate thermistor type or electronic thermometer to the suction line at the service valve.
4. Measure outdoor air dry-bulb temperature with a thermometer.
5. Measure indoor air (entering indoor coil) wet-bulb temperature with a sling psychrometer.
6. Refer to Table 3 – Superheat Charging – AC Only. Find the outdoor temperature and evaporator entering air wet-bulb temperature. At this intersection, note superheat. Where a dash (–) appears on the table, do not attempt to charge the system under these conditions or refrigerant slugging may occur. The charge must be weighted in, adding, or removing  0.6 oz/ft of 3/8 liquid line above or below 15 feet (4.6m) respectively.
7. Refer to Table 4 – Required Suction-Line Temperature. Find superheat temperature (from #6 above) and suction pressure. At this intersection, note the suction line temperature.
8. If the nit has a higher suction line temperature than the charted temperature, add refrigerant until the charted temperature is reached.
9. If the nit has a lower suction line temperature than the charted temperature, reclaim the refrigerant until the charted temperature is reached.
10. When adding refrigerant, charge in liquid form into the suction service port using a flow-restricting device.
11. If outdoor air temperature or pressure at the suction valve changes, charge to the new suction line temperature indicated on the chart.
12. Optimum performance will be achieved when the operating charge produces 10°F suction superheat at the suction service valve with 95°F (35°C) outdoor ambient and 80°F (27°C) dry bulb (67°F / 19°C) wet bulb) indoor temperature (DOE “A” test conditions) at rated airflow.

Table 2:   Rating Plate (required) Subcooling Temperatures

Measure Liquid Pressure

(psig)

| R-410A Required Liquid Line Temperature °F (°C)
---|---
°F| (°C)| °F| (°C)| °F| (°C)| °F| (°C)| °F| (°C)| °F| (°C)
6| 3| 8| 4| 10| 6| 12| 7| 14| 8| 16| 9
251| 78| 26| 76| 24| 74| 23| 72| 22| 70| 21| 68| 20
259| 80| 27| 78| 26| 76| 24| 74| 23| 72| 22| 70| 21
266| 82| 28| 80| 27| 78| 26| 76| 24| 74| 23| 72| 22
274| 84| 29| 82| 28| 80| 27| 78| 26| 76| 24| 74| 23
283| 86| 30| 84| 29| 82| 28| 80| 27| 78| 26| 76| 24
291| 88| 31| 86| 30| 84| 29| 82| 28| 80| 27| 78| 26
299| 90| 32| 88| 31| 86| 30| 84| 29| 82| 28| 80| 27
308| 92| 33| 90| 32| 88| 31| 86| 30| 84| 29| 82| 28
317| 94| 34| 92| 33| 90| 32| 88| 31| 86| 30| 84| 29
326| 96| 36| 94| 34| 92| 33| 90| 32| 88| 31| 86| 30
335| 98| 37| 96| 36| 94| 34| 92| 33| 90| 32| 88| 31
345| 100| 38| 98| 37| 96| 36| 94| 34| 92| 33| 90| 32
364| 104| 40| 102| 39| 100| 38| 98| 37| 96| 36| 94| 34
374| 106| 41| 104| 40| 102| 39| 100| 38| 98| 37| 96| 36
384| 108| 42| 106| 41| 104| 40| 102| 39| 100| 38| 98| 37
395| 110| 43| 108| 42| 106| 41| 104| 40| 102| 39| 100| 38
406| 112| 44| 110| 43| 108| 42| 106| 41| 104| 40| 102| 39
416| 114| 46| 112| 44| 110| 43| 108| 42| 106| 41| 104| 40
427| 116| 47| 114| 46| 112| 44| 110| 43| 108| 42| 106| 41
439| 118| 48| 116| 47| 114| 46| 112| 44| 110| 43| 108| 42
450| 120| 49| 118| 48| 116| 47| 114| 46| 112| 44| 110| 43
462| 122| 50| 120| 49| 118| 48| 116| 47| 114| 46| 112| 44
474| 124| 51| 122| 50| 120| 49| 118| 48| 116| 47| 114| 46

Table 3: Superheat Charging – AC Only

Notes:

• The optimum performance point is 95°F (35°C) outdoor ambient and (80°F / 27°C dry bulb), (and 67°F / 19°C wet bulb) indoor conditions. (DOE A Test Conditions)
• Where a dash (—) appears do not attempt to charge the system under these conditions or refrigerant slugging may occur. The charge must be weighed in.
• Superheat °F is at the low-side service port, Allow a tolerance of ±3°F (±1.7°C)
• Indoor dry bulb between 70°F and 80°F (21°C and 27°C)

Table 4: Required Suction-Line Temperature

Manufacturer reserves the right to change, at any time, specifications and designs without notice and obligations.

WARNING: ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury or death. Do not supply power to the unit with the compressor terminal box cover removed.

Make Electrical Connections
Be sure field wiring complies with local and national fire, safety, and electrical codes, and that voltage to the system is within limits shown on the unit rating plate. Contact the local power company for correction of improper voltage. See unit rating plate for recommended circuit protection device.

NOTE : Operation of the unit on improper line voltage constitutes abuse and could affect unit reliability. See unit rating plate. Do not install the unit in a system where voltage may fluctuate above or below permissible limits.

NOTE : Use copper wire only between the disconnect switch and the unit.

NOTE : Install branch circuit disconnect of adequate size per NEC to handle unit starting current. Locate the disconnect within sight and readily accessible from the unit, per Section 440-14 of NEC. Refer to Product Data for breaker sizing.

Route Ground and Power Wires
Remove the access panel to gain access to the unit wiring. Extend wires from the disconnect through the power wiring hole provided and into the unit control box.

WARNING: ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury or death. The unit cabinet must have uninterrupted or unbroken ground to minimize personal injury if an electrical fault should occur. The ground may consist of electrical wire or metal conduit when installed by existing electrical codes.

Connect Ground and Power Wires
This appliance incorporates an earth connection for safety purposes only. Connect the ground wire to the ground connection in the control box for safety. Connect the power wiring to the contactor as shown in Fig. 6.

Connect Control Wiring

Route 24-v control wires through the control wiring grommet and connect leads to control wiring. Refer to thermostat Installation Instructions for wiring- specific unit combinations (see Fig. 7 ). Use No. 18 AWG color-coded, insulated (35°C minimum) wire. If the thermostat is located more than 100 ft. (30 m) from the unit, as measured along the control voltage wires, use No. 16 AWG color-coded wire to avoid excessive voltage drop. All wiring must be NEC Class 2 and must be separated from incoming power leads. Use furnace transformer, fan coil transformer, or accessory transformer for control power, 24v/40va minimum.

NOTE : Use of available 24v accessories may exceed the minimum 40va power requirement. Determine total transformer loading and increase the transformer capacity or split the load with an accessory transformer as required.

Fig. 7: Generic Wiring Diagrams (See Thermostat Installation Instruction for specific unit combinations)

Final Wiring Check

IMPORTANT : Check factory wiring and field wire connections to ensure terminations are secured properly. Check wire routing to ensure wires are not in contact with tubing, sheet metal, etc.

Compressor Crankcase Heater
When equipped with a crankcase heater, furnish power to the heater a minimum of 24 hr before starting the unit. To furnish power to the heater only, set the thermostat to OFF and close the electrical disconnect to the outdoor unit. A crankcase heater is required if refrigerant tubing is longer than 80 ft.(24 m) or when the outdoor unit is 35 ft. (6 m) below the indoor unit. Refer to the Residential Piping and Long Line Guideline and Service Manual.

Install Electrical Accessories
Refer to the individual instructions packaged with kits or accessories when installing.

Start-Up

CAUTION: UNIT OPERATION AND SAFETY HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in personal injury, equipment damage,e or improper operation.

• Do not overcharge the system with refrigerant.
• Do not operate the unit in a vacuum or at negative pressure.
• Compressor dome temperatures may be hot.

CAUTION: PERSONAL INJURY HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in personal injury. Wear safety glasses, protective clothing, and gloves when handling refrigerant, and observe the following:

• Front seating service valves are equipped with Schrader valves.

Follow these steps to properly start up the system:

1. After the system is evacuated, fully open the liquid and vapor service valves.
2. Unit is shipped with valve stem(s) front seated (closed) and caps installed. Replace stem caps after the system is opened to refrigerant flow. Replace caps finger-tight and tighten with wrench an additional 1/12 turn.
3. Close electrical disconnects to energize the system.
4. Set the room thermostat at the desired temperature. Be sure the set point is below the indoor ambient temperature.
5. Set room thermostat to COOL and fan control to ON or AUTO mode, as desired. Operate the unit for 15 minutes. Check system refrigerant charge.

3-Phase Monitor
In 3-phase units, a small circuit board is factory-installed to monitor line voltage. A small led will flash if a phase problem exists. See code descriptions on the monitor. If the LED is flashing, disconnect power to the unit and interchange 2 field-wiring leads on the unit contactor.

Table 5: Three-Phase Monitor LED Indicator

CAUTION: UNIT DAMAGE HAZARD

Failure to follow this caution may result in equipment damage or improper operation. Ensure compressor rotation is correct.

• 3-phase scroll compressors are rotation sensitive.
• A flash LED on the phase monitor indicates reverse rotation. (See Table 5)
  • This will not allow the contractor to be energized.
• Disconnect power to the unit and interchange 2 field-wiring leads on the unit contactor.

Sequence of Operation
Turn on power to indoor and outdoor units. The transformer is energized. On a call for cooling, the thermostat makes circuits R-Y and R-G. Circuit R-Y energizes the contactor, starting the outdoor fan motor and compressor circuit. R-G energizes the indoor unit blower relay, starting the indoor blower motor at high speed. When the thermostat is satisfied, its contacts open, de-energizing the contactor and blower relay. The compressor and motors should stop. If the indoor unit is equipped with a time-delay relay circuit, the indoor blower will run up to 90 seconds to increase system efficiency.

Check Charge
Factory charge amount and desired subcooling are shown on the unit rating plate. The charging method is shown on the information plate inside the unit. For TXV, use the subcooling method. For pistons, use the superheat method. To properly check or adjust the charge, conditions must be favorable for subcooling charging.

Favorable conditions exist when the outdoor temperature is between 70°F and 100°F (21°C and 38°C), and the indoor temperature is between 70°F and 80°F (21°C and 27°C). Follow the procedure below:

• Unit is factory charged for 15ft (4.57 m) of lines (except for GA4S 18 and 24 sizes.
• Add 18 oz for the 18 size and 6 oz for the 24 size for the 15 ft lineset). For all sizes, adjust the charge by adding or removing 0.6 oz/ft of 3/8 liquid line above or below 15 ft. (4.6 m) respectively.
• Allow the system to operate for at least 15 minutes. If conditions are favorable, check system charge by superheat method for fixed metering device and subcooling method for TXV.

If any adjustment is necessary, adjust the charge slowly and allow the system to operate for 15 minutes to stabilize before declaring a properly charged system. If the indoor temperature is above 80°F (27°C), and the outdoor temperature is in the favorable range, adjust the system charge by weight based on line length and allow the indoor temperature to drop to 80°F (27°C) before attempting to check the system charge by the subcooling method as described above.

If the indoor temperature is below 70°F (21°C), or the outdoor temperature is not in the favorable range, adjust the charge for line set length above or below 15 ft. (4.6 m) only. The charge level should then be appropriate for the system to achieve rated capacity. The charge level could then be checked at another time when both indoor and outdoor temperatures are in a more favorable range.

NOTE : If the line length is beyond 80 ft (24 m) or greater than 35 ft (11 m) vertical separation, See Residential Piping and Long Line Guideline for special charging requirements.

WARNING: PERSONAL INJURY AND/OR PROPERTY DAMAGE HAZARD

Failure to follow this warning could result in personal injury and/or property damage. For continued performance, reliability, and safety, the only approved accessories and replacement parts are those specified by the equipment manufacturer. The use of non-manufacturer-approved parts and accessories could invalidate the equipment’s limited warranty and result in fire risk, equipment malfunction, and failure. Please review the manufacturer’s instructions and replacement part catalogs available from your equipment supplier.

Table 6: Accessory Usage

ACCESSORY

| REQUIRED FOR

LOW-AMBIENT COOLING APPLICATIONS

(Below 55°F/12.8°C)

| ****

**REQUIRED FOR LONG LINE APPLICATIONS ***

| REQUIRED FOR SEA COAST APPLICATIONS

(Within 2 miles/3.22 km)

---|---|---|---
Ball Bearing Fan Motor| Standard| Standard| Standard
Compressor Start Assist Capacitor and Relay| Yes| Yes| No
Crankcase Heater| Yes| Yes| No
Evaporator Freeze Thermostat| Yes| No| No
Hard Shut-Off TXV| Yes| Yes| No
Liquid Line Solenoid Valve| No| See Long Line Guideline| No
Low-ambient Pressure Switch| Yes†| No| No
Support Feet| Recommended| No| Recommended
Winter Start Control| Yes‡| No| No

• For tubing set lengths between 80 and 200 ft. (24 and 61 m) horizontal or 35 ft. (10.7 m) vertical differential (total equivalent length), refer to the Residential Split-System Long Line Application Guideline.
• In units equipped with ECM OD motor, motor and fan need to be replaced per unit accessory guide to work properly. The unit will not meet AHRI-rated efficiency once the motor and fan are replaced to use this accessory.
• Required if Low-Pressure Switch is factory or field installed.

Final Checks

IMPORTANT : Before leaving the job, be sure to do the following:

1. Ensure that all wiring is routed away from tubing and sheet metal edges to prevent rub-through or wire pinching.
2. Ensure that all wiring and tubing are secure in the unit before adding panels and covers. Securely fasten all panels and covers.
3. Tighten service valve stem caps to 1/12-turn past finger tight.
4. Leave the Owner’s Manual with the Owner. Explain system operation and periodic maintenance requirements outlined in the manual.
5. Fill out the Dealer Installation Checklist and place it in the customer file.

Repairing Refrigerant Circuit
When breaking into the refrigerant circuit to make repairs, or for any other purpose, the following procedures shall be used.

1. Safely remove the refrigerant using a recovery pump certified for flammable refrigerants.
2. Purge the refrigerant circuit with nitrogen gas.
3. Evacuate the refrigerant circuit to 1500 microns.
4. Break the acuum with a nitrogen purge of the refrigerant circuit ensuring that the outlet of the vacuum pump is not near a potential ignition source.
5. Open the circuit by cutting or brazing.

CARE AND MAINTENANCE

For continuing high performance and to minimize possible equipment failure, periodic maintenance must be performed on this equipment. The frequency of maintenance may vary depending on geographic areas, such as coastal applications. See Owner’s Manual for information.

© 2022 Carrier. All rights reserved.

Edition Date : 10/22

Catalog No: GA4S-GA5S-02SI

Replaces : GA4S-01SI

A Carrier Company
Manufacturer reserves the right to change, at any time, specifications and designs without notice and obligations. 10

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