Precision Medical PM3000 Vacuum Regulator Instruction Manual
- June 9, 2024
- Precision Medical
Table of Contents
- RECEIVING/INSPECTION
- INTENDED USE
- READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USING
- EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS
- SAFETY INFORMATION – WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
- SPECIFICATIONS
- OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
- PARTS DESCRIPTION
- DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
- VACUUM REGULATOR CLEANING ILLUSTRATION
- CLEANING / DECONTAMINATION (As Needed)
- MAINTENANCE
- Read User Manual Online (PDF format)
- Download This Manual (PDF format)
Medical PM3000 Vacuum Regulator
Instruction Manual VacuumRegulator
CONTINUOUS & CONTINUOUS INTERMITTENT
Model Series:
PM3000, PM3100, PM3200, PM3300, PM3400, PM3500, PM3600
CAUTION
Federal (USA) law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a
physician.
RECEIVING/INSPECTION
Remove the Precision Medical, Inc. Vacuum Regulator from the packaging and inspect for damage. If there is any damage, DO NOT USE and contact your Provider.
INTENDED USE
The devices are intended to control and show the amount of vacuum from a central vacuum system used in various medical suctioning procedures.
READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USING
This manual instructs a Professional to install and operate the Vacuum Regulator. This is provided for your safety and to prevent damage to the Vacuum Regulator. If you do not understand this manual, DO NOT USE the Vacuum Regulator and contact your Provider.
EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS
l/min | Liters Per Minute |
---|---|
mmHg | Millimeters of Mercury |
inHg | Inches of Mercury |
kPa | Kilopascal |
SAFETY INFORMATION – WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
WARNING| Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.
---|---
CAUTION| Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.
CAUTION| Used without the safety alert symbol indicates a potentially
hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in property damage.
| CONSULT ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS
| There are no components in this product made with natural rubber latex.
WARNING
DO NOT use this Vacuum Regulator for anything other than its Intended Use.
Personal injury and/or damage to Regulator may result from misuse.
Only personnel instructed and trained in its use should operate this Vacuum
Regulator.
SPECIFICATIONS
GAUGE RANGE: *Counterclockwise direction
PM3000: | 0-200 mmHg – Full Vacuum |
---|---|
*PM3000E: | 0-200 mmHg (0-26 kPa) |
PM3000HV: | 0-300 mmHg – Full Vacuum |
PM3100: | 0-200 mmHg – Full Vacuum |
*PM3100E: | 0-200 mmHg (0-26 kPa) |
*PM3100EHV: | 0-300 mmHg (0-40kPa) |
PM3200: | 0-100 kPa (750 mmHg) – Full Vacuum |
*PM3200E: | 0-100 kPa (750 mmHg) – Full Vacuum |
PM3300: | 0-200 mmHg – Full Vacuum |
*PM3300E: | 0-200 mmHg (0-26 kPa) |
*PM3300EHV: | 0-300 mmHg (0-40kPa) |
PM3300HV: | 0-300 mmHg – Full Vacuum |
PM3400: | 0-150 mmHg |
*PM3400E: | 0-150 mmHg (0-20kPA) |
PM3500: | 0-150 mmHg |
*PM3500E: | 0-200 mmHg (0-26 kPa) |
PM3600: | 0-760 mmHg |
*PM3600E: | 0-760 mmHg (0-100 kPa) |
GAUGE ACCURACY:
Analog Gauge: | ± 5% of MAX |
---|
Digital/Analog, Dual Gauge:
Digital Display:| ± 1% of Full Scale
Analog Gauge:| ± 5% of MAX within ref. Indicator
VACUUM PORTS:
1/8 NPT Female
MODES OF OPERATION:
PM3000, PM3200E, | OFF – No Vacuum |
---|---|
PM3500 Series: | REG. – (Regulated) provides an adjustable, continuous vacuum |
level
PM3100, PM3200E3,| LINE – Provides maximum, continuous vacuum from the vacuum
source
PM3600, Series:| OFF – No Vacuum
REG. – (Regulated) provides an adjustable, continuous vacuum level
PM3300, PM3400| REG. – (Regulated) provides an adjustable, continuous vacuum
level
Series:| OFF – No Vacuum
INT. – (Intermittent) provide an adjustable vacuum level that cycles between
ON and OFF
FLOW RATES:
*PM3000, PM3100, PM3200 & PM3500:| REG
LINE| 50 l/min
55 l/min
---|---|---
*PM3600 SERIES:| REG
LINE| 71 l/min
82 l/min
PM3300:| REG
INT| 50 l/min
10 l/min
*PM3400:| REG
INT| 50 l/min
3 l/min
- MAXIMUM FLOW IS OBTAINED WITH A VACUUM SOURCE OF 21” Hg (71.1 kPa)
** MAXIMUM FLOW IS OBTAINED WITH A VACUUM SOURCE OF 25” Hg (84.6 kPa)
MAXIMUM VACUUM:
PM3000 & PM3100: | REG. Mode @ Full Vac – 396 mmHg (53 kPa) |
---|---|
PM3200: | REG. Mode @ Full Vac – 750 mmHg (100 kPa) |
PM3300 &PM3300HV: | REG. Mode @ Full Vac – 396 mmHg (53 kPa) |
PM3400 & PM3500D: | Restricted to 170 mmHg (23 kPa) ± 10 mmHg (1.3 kPa) |
PM3500E: | Restricted to 160 mmHg (21 kPa) ± 10 mmHg (1.3 kPa) |
PM3600: | REG. Mode @ Full Vac – 760 mmHg (101 kPa) |
INTERMITTENT CYCLE TIME:
Factory set at approximately sixteen (16) seconds ON and eight (8) seconds OFF
(reference only)
OPERATING ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITS:
0°F to 122°F (-18°C to 50°C)
RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING LIMITS:
55°F to 85°F (13°C to 29°C)
STORAGE ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITS:
Temperature Range: -4°F to 140°F (-20°C to 60°C)
Humidity: Max 95% Non-condensing
Battery (Digital Vacuum Gauge Models ONLY):
3 Volt Lithium, ½ AA
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
CAUTION
Inspect the Vacuum Regulator for visual damage before use, DO NOT USE if
damaged.
Failure to implement recommended protective devices may cause product
contamination, malfunction and/or failure.
Contamination of the product voids all warranty claims.
NOTE: The vacuum regulator does not contain any protection from the
ingress or passing of fluids. It is the user’s responsibility to provide a
collection container with overflow protection or a fluid trap and either a
hydrophobic or micro-bacterial filter. Precision
Medical provides these accessories separately.
The Digital / Analog Dual Gauges operate independently; if the digital gauge
fails, the analog gauge will still function and vice versa.
-
Turn the Selector Knob to the “OFF” position.
-
Connect the Vacuum Regulator to a vacuum source.
A. REG. MODE (Regulated Mode) ALL MODELS
a. Turn the Selector Knob to the “REG.” position.
b. Block the bottom port of the Vacuum Regulator.
c. Using the regulator Knob, set the desired vacuum.
To INCREASE vacuum – Turn Knob CLOCKWISE
To DECREASE vacuum – Turn Knob COUNTERCLOCKWISE
B. LINE MODE (Full, unregulated vacuum) PM3100 & PM3600 Series ONLY
a. Turn the Selector Knob to the “LINE” position.
C. INT. MODE (Vacuum cycles ON and OFF.) PM3300 & PM3400 Series ONLY
a. Turn the Selector Knob to the “REG.” position, to select desired vacuum level.
b. Turn the Selector Knob to the “INT.” position.
NOTE: The intermittent cycle starts in the “OFF” phase, therefore a delay occurs before the intermittent cycle begins. -
Turn the Selector Knob to the “OFF” position to turn the Vacuum Regulator off.
WARNING
When turning the Vacuum Regulator to “REG.” from “LINE” or “OFF”, the vacuum
level will return to its previously regulated setting. Vacuum may be set at
improper level fro procedure.
PM3300 & PM3400 ONLY: When turning the Vacuum Regulator to “REG.” or “INT.”
from any position, The vacuum level will return to its previously regulated
setting.
ALWAYS confirm vacuum setting prior to performing procedure.
The vacuum CAN NOT be regulated when the Selector Knob is set to the “LINE”
position.
Full Line Vacuum is present between settings.
REGULATE MODE
Turn Selector Knob fully clockwise to the regulator mode and confirm vacuum
setting before use.
LINE MODE
Turn Selector Knob fully counterclockwise for line vacuum and confirm vacuum
setting before use.
CAUTION
DO NOT operate the Vacuum Regulator when the collection canister is “full”.
This may cause loss of vacuum and damage to the Vacuum Regulator. This will
void the warranty.
CONTINUOUS SERIES (PM3000, PM3100, PM3500 & PM3600)
CAUTION
Missing or illegible labels must be replaced, contact Precision Medical, Inc.
PARTS DESCRIPTION
PARTS LIST
PM3200 Models: contact Precision Medical, Inc.
No.| Description| PM3000| PM3100| I PM3500|
PM3600
---|---|---|---|---|---
1| Housing Assembly| 1561
—| Check Valve (Export E)| NA| I 502230| NA
2| Screw| 503956 (*505152)| 503956
3| Analog Gauge Assembly)
Analog Gauge Assembly (Export E) Analog Gauge Assembly (HV) Analog Gauge
Assembly (Export E)(HV) Digital Assembly
Digital Assembly (HV) Digital Assembly (Export E) Digital Assembly (Export
E) (HV| 503694 (505163) 503923 504309 505244 (0-200 505392 (0-300 506036 506038 (0-300| mmHg) mmHg)| 506384 mmHg) 503826 504225 505391 10-150 mmHg). 506034| (‘505162) 505937 506555 505938 506040 4| Snubber| 1396 5| 0-ring| 1016 6| Selector Assembly| 1563| 1564| I 1563| 505935 7| Selector Ring| 502685 8| Wave Spring Washer| 1614 r505154| | 1614 9| Case Assembly| 15651| 1566| 1565| 1566 10| Regulator Module Assembly| 1567 (‘505164) (“505962)| 1567 (‘505164)| 505962 —| Washer (metal)| NA| NA| 502818| NA —| Washer (plastic)| NA| NA| 503879| NA 11| Set Screw| 1391 (‘505158)| 1391 12| Control Knob Assembly| 1568 (
505165)| 1568
13| Rear Cover| 507769
—| Battery for Digital Assembly| 8066
- MR Models ONLY (PM3000MR, PM3100MR & PM3500MR)
** HV Models ONLY (PM3000HV & PM3100HV)
REPAIR KITS
PM3000 / PM3000D Vac Reg | RK6000 | RK6000D |
---|---|---|
PM3000E / PM3000DE Vac Reg | RK6000E | RK6000DE |
PM3000HV / PM3000DHV Vac Reg | RK6000HV | RK6000DHV |
PM3000DEHV Vac Reg | N/A | RK6000DEHV |
PM3100 / PM3100D Vac Reg | RK6100 | RK6100D |
PM3100E / PM3100DE Vac Reg | RK6100E | RK6100DE |
PM3100HV / PM3100DHV Vac Reg | RK6100HV | RK6100DHV |
PM3100EHV / PM3100DEHV Vac Reg | RK6100EHV | RK6100DEHV |
PM3200E Vac Reg | RK6200E | N/A |
PM3500 / PM3500D Vac Reg | RK6500 | RK6500D |
PM3500E / PM3500DE Vac Reg | RK6500E | RK6500DE |
PM3600 / PM3600D Vac Reg | RK6600 | RK6600D |
PM3600E / PM3600DE Vac Reg | RK6600E | RK6600DE |
DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
PM3000, PM3100, PM3500 & PM3600 Series
(Reference “PARTS DESCRIPTION”)
- Loosen the Set Screw (Item# 11) in Selector Knob.
- Pull the Control Knob Assembly (Item# 12) away from case. (The Regulator Module (Item# 10) is threaded onto the Control Knob Assembly.)
- Remove the screws (Item# 2) from the back of the Regulator.
- Separate the Case Assembly (Item# 9) by pulling it away from the Housing Assembly (Item# 1).
- Remove the Selector Assembly (Item# 6) by pulling it away from the Housing Assembly (Item# 1).
- Remove the Gauge Assembly (Item# 3).
ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
-
To assemble, perform the “DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS” in reverse order.
NOTE: Ensure the Selector Assembly is inserted into the control knob assembly with the groove in the 12 o’clock position.
Ensure tabs and slots on various components are properly aligned and engaged when reassembling. -
Lubricate all O-rings and cavities with Vacuum grease (part# 1775) supplied in the Vacuum Regulator Repair Kit.
-
Repeat steps 1 through 3 of “OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS”.
-
Prior to returning Vacuum Regulator to service verify accuracy of gauge.
CONTINUOUS INTERMITTENT SERIES (PM3300 & PM3400)
CAUTION
Missing or illegible labels must be replaced, contact Precision Medical, Inc.
PARTS DESCRIPTION
PARTS LIST
No. | Description | PM3300 | PM3400 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Housing Assembly | 502102 | |
2 | Screw | 503956 | |
3 | Analog Gauge Assembly |
Analog Gauge Assembly (Export E) Analog Gauge Assembly (HV) Digital Assembly
Digital Assembly (HV)
Digital Assembly (Export E)
Digital Assembly Export E (HV)| 503694
503923
504309
505244 (0-200 mmHg)
505392 (0-300 mmHg)
506036
506038| 503826
504225
505391 (0-150 mmHg)
506034
4| Snubber| 1396
5| 0-ring| 502231
6| Selector Assembly| 1805
7| Index Ring| 502685
8| Wave Spring Washer| 1614
9| Case Assembly| 1827
10| Regulator Module Assembly| 1567 (“505962) I| 1567
11| Set Screw| 1391
12| Control Knob Assembly| 502100
13| Timing Module| 502103
14| Rear Case| 1831
REPAIR KITS
PM3300 / PM3300D Vac Reg | RK6300 | RK6300D |
---|---|---|
PM3300HV / PM3300DHV Vac Reg | RK6300HV | RK6300DHV |
PM3300E / PM3300DE Vac Reg | RK6300E | RK6300DE |
PM3300EHV / PM3300DEHV Vac Reg | RK6300EHV | RK6300DEHV |
PM3400 / PM3400D Vac Reg | RK6400 | RK6400D |
PM3400E / PM3400DE Vac Reg | RK6400E | RK6400DE |
DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
PM3300 & PM3400 Series
(Reference “PARTS DESCRIPTION”)
- Loosen the Set Screw (Item # 11) in Selector Knob.
- Pull the Control Knob Assembly (Item # 12) away from case. (The Regulator Module (Item # 10) is threaded onto the Control Knob Assembly.)
- Remove the screws (Item # 2) from the back of the product.
- Remove the Rear Case (Item # 14) by pulling away from product.
- Remove screws (Item# 2) from the top of the Timing Module.
- Remove the Timing Module (Item# 13) by pulling away from the Housing Assembly (Item# 1).
- Separate the Case Assembly (Item# 9) by pulling it away from the Housing Assembly (Item# 1).
- Remove the Selector Assembly (Item# 6) by pulling it away from the Housing Assembly (Item# 1).
- Remove the Gauge Assembly (Item# 3).
ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
-
To assemble, perform the “DISASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS” in reverse order.
NOTE: Ensure the Selector Assembly is inserted with the groove in the 12 o’clock position.
Ensure tabs and slots on various components are properly aligned and engaged when reassembling. -
Lubricate all O-rings and cavities with Vacuum grease (part# 1775) supplied in the Vacuum Regulator Repair Kit.
-
Repeat steps 1 through 3 of “OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS”.
-
Prior to returning Vacuum Regulator to service verify accuracy of gauge.
VACUUM REGULATOR CLEANING ILLUSTRATION
(See Cleaning/Decontamination Instructions)
CAUTION
DO NOT autoclave or immerse in liquid. This will cause damage to the Vacuum
Regulator and will void the warranty.
DO NOT set the Vacuum Regulator to the “INT“(Intermittent) mode when cleaning.
Pulling cleaning fluids thru the Intermittent mode will damage the timing
module and void the warranty.
If Vacuum Regulator becomes internally contaminated, warranty is voided, DO
NOT send back to Precision Medical, Inc. for repair. Follow your facilities
contaminated equipment protocol.
This Vacuum Regulator contains magnetic, ferrous material that may affect the
results of an MR.
Be sure all connections are tight and leak free.
Note: MR Conditional models have a MR Conditional label.
CLEANING / DECONTAMINATION (As Needed)
- Attach a working Vacuum Regulator with a continuous regulated mode to a minimum vacuum source of 15 inHg.
- Mix cold disinfection/sterilization solution Cidex OPA or the like according to its manufacturer’s directions.
- Connect tubing as shown in Cleaning Illustration on previous page.
- Turn the working Vacuum Regulator on to a continuous regulated mode.
- Adjust the vacuum to a minimum of 120 mmHg.
- Set the Vacuum Regulator to be cleaned to the “REG.” mode, and set at 100 mmHg.
- Allow cold disinfection/sterilization solution to pass through and collect in Suction Canister. Procedure should continue for time recommended by the manufacturer of the cold disinfection/sterilization solution for the desired level of disinfection or sterilization.
- Turn the Vacuum Regulator to be cleaned to the “LINE” mode (if applicable).
- Allow remaining cold disinfection/sterilization solution to pass through and collect in Suction Canister.
- Set working Vacuum Regulator to its maximum vacuum setting.
- Thoroughly dry the internal components by drawing maximum vacuum through the Regulator to be cleaned for at least 30 seconds in both “REG.” and “LINE” modes (if applicable).
NOTE: If it is not possible to pass cold disinfection/sterilization solution through the Regulator, then the passageways are totally blocked and DISASSEMBLY of the Regulator is required. Be sure to follow your facilities’ Bio-hazard protocol.
EXTERIOR CLEANING
- Disconnect all gas connections and equipment before cleaning.
- Clean exterior surfaces using Super Sani-Cloth germicidal disposable wipes. Remove all visible contamination from the external surfaces of the device and its accessories. Be sure to closely inspect and remove contamination from seams and recesses on the device that may trap contaminants. Wipe with clean paper towel to remove debris.
- After all visible contamination is removed; use a second germicidal wipe to thoroughly wet the surfaces of the device and accessories. Allow to remain wet for 4 minutes. Use additional wipes if needed to assure surfaces are wetted continuously for 4 minutes.
- Allow device to air dry completely.
- Visually inspect the device for visible contamination. Repeat cleaning/disinfection process if necessary.
MAINTENANCE
Before each use, visually inspect Vacuum Regulator for any sign of damage, DO
NOT USE if damaged.
RETURNS
Returned products require a Returned Goods Authorization (RGA) number, contact
Precision
Medical, Inc. All returns must be packaged in sealed containers to prevent
damage. Precision
Medical, Inc. will not be responsible for goods damaged in transit. Refer to
Precision Medical,
Inc. Return Policy available on the internet:
www.precisionmedical.com.
Note: Federal Law prohibits shipping of bio-hazard materials via U.S. mail.
DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS
Dispose of the Vacuum Regulators in accordance with local regulations
Please Recycle
WARNING
Bio-hazardous devices should be disposed of properly.
TROUBLESHOOTING
If the Preset Vacuum Regulator fails to function, consult the Troubleshooting
Table below. If problem cannot be solved, consult your Provider.
Problem | Probable Cause | Remedy |
---|---|---|
No vacuum at bottom port (gauge at zero) | 1.Regulator turned “OFF” |
2.Loose connection
3.No vacuum to Regulator
4.Clogged vacuum Port| 1. Turn white Selector Knob to “REG.” mode. Adjust
gray Preset Knob
2. Tighten connection
3. Connect to a known working vacuum source
4. Disassemble and clean
No vacuum at bottom port (gauge showing vacuum)| Clogged Regulator|
Disassemble and clean
Vacuum at bottom port (No reading on gauge when port is blocked)| Defective
Gauge| Replace Gauge
Gauge will not return to zero| 1. Clogged Snubber
2. Damaged Regulator Module
3. Defective Gauge| 1. Replace Snubber
2. Replace Regulator Module
3. Replace Gauge
Vacuum Regulation erratic| 1. Dirty Regulator Module
2. Defective Regulator Module| 1. Disassemble, clean and lubricate 0-ring
2. Replace Module
Stiff movement of white Selector Knob| Dirty Selector Module cavity or
0-rings| Disassemble, clean casting cavity and lubricate cavity and 0-rings
No digital display| Dead battery| Replace battery
Intermittent Models ONLY| 1. Improper mode selected
2. Defective Timing Module| 1. Turn Selector Knob to “INT.” mode
2. Replace Timing Module
No Intermittent (INT.) cycle
Applies to MRI labeled Vacuum Regulators only!
Indicates the device is MR Conditional and can be used in an MR Environment
WARNING! This product may be used near a MR Environment (e.g. in the MR
System room near the scanner). It should not be utilized directly inside of
the MR System (e.g. inside of the bore of the scanner). The device must be
securely attached to a wall Gas Outlet.
- This information must be kept with the device.
- MR Conditional with 1.5T MR systems.
- Service must be performed by qualified personnel.
- Vacuum Regulators must be kept to manufacturing specifications.
- Fittings must be kept MR conditional if serviced or replaced.
- MRI manufactures guidelines supersedes this information
- Consult MRI Manufacture if used with an Open MRI.
Applies to MRI labeled Vacuum Regulators only!
Indicates the device is MR Conditional and can be used in an MR Environment
WARNING! This product may be used near a MR Environment (e.g. in the MR
System room near the scanner). It should not be utilized directly inside of
the MR System (e.g. inside of the bore of the scanner). The device must be
securely attached to a wall Gas Outlet.
- This information must be kept with the device.
- MR Conditional with 1.5T MR systems.
- Service must be performed by qualified personnel.
- Vacuum Regulators must be kept to manufacturing specifications.
- Fittings must be kept MR conditional if serviced or replaced.
- MRI manufactures guidelines supersedes this information
- Consult MRI Manufacture if used with an Open MRI.
LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
Precision Medical, Inc. warrants that the Medical Vacuum Regulator (the
Product) will be free of defects in workmanship and/or material for the
following period:
Ten (10) years from date of shipment.
Should any failure to conform to this warranty appear within the applicable
period, Precision Medical, Inc. shall, upon written notification thereof and
substantiation that the goods have been stored, installed, maintained and
operated in accordance with Precision Medical, Inc.’s instructions and
standard industry practice, and that no modifications, substitutions, or
alterations have been made to the goods, correct such defect by suitable
repair or replacement at its own expense.
ORAL STATEMENTS DO NOT CONSTITUTE WARRANTIES.
The representative of Precision Medical, Inc. or any retailers are not
authorized to make oral warranties about the merchandise described in this
contract, and any such statements shall not be relied upon and are not part
of the contract for sale. Thus, this writing is a final, complete and
exclusive statement of the terms of that contract.
THIS WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IS IN LIEU OF ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHER WARRANTY OF QUALITY, WHETHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
Precision Medical, Inc. shall not under any circumstances be liable for
special, incidental or consequential damages including but not limited to lost
profits, lost sales, or injury to person or property. Correction of
nonconformities as provided above shall constitute fulfillment of all
liabilities of Precision Medical, Inc. whether based on contract, negligence,
strict tort or otherwise. Precision Medical, Inc. reserves the right to
discontinue manufacture of any product or change product materials, designs,
or specifications without notice.
Precision Medical, Inc. reserves the right to correct clerical or
typographical errors without penalty.
300 Held Drive
Northampton PA 18067, USA
www.precisionmedical.com
T: (+001) 610-262-6090
F: (+001) 610-262-6080
ISO 13485 Certified
Read User Manual Online (PDF format)
Read User Manual Online (PDF format) >>