SOLAX POWER X3 Forth Series Inverter for Commercial PV User Manual

X3-FORTH SERIES USER MANUAL
40kW – 150kW

Notes on this Manual

1.1 Scope of Validity
This manual is an integral part of the X3-Forth Series, It describes the assembly, installation, commissioning, maintenance, and failure of the product. Read it carefully before operating.

Note: “X3”: means three phases, “FTH” means Forth, and “80K” means 80 kW. Each model is available with LED indicator lights and LCD.
40K/50K/60K/70K inverters work in the 220 V / 127 V low voltage range.
80K/100K/110K/120K/125K inverters work in the 220 V / 380 V voltage range.
136K/150K inverters work in the 500 V / 540 V medium voltage range.
Keep this manual at a place where it is accessible all the time.
1.2 Target Group
This manual is for qualified electricians. The tasks described in this manual only can be performed by qualified electricians.
1.3 Symbols Used
The following types of safety instructions and general information appear in this document as described below:

DANGER!
“Danger” indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING!
“Warning” indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION!
“Caution” indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTE!
“Note” provides tips that are valuable for the optimal operation of your product.

Safety

2.1 Appropriate Usage
The X3-Forth Series are PV inverters that can convert the DC current of the PV generator into AC current and feed it into the public grid.
Surge protection devices (SPDs) for PV installation
WARNING!

• Over-voltage protection with surge arresters should be when the PV power system is installed.
• provided The grid-connected inverter is fitted with SPDs on the MAINS side.

Induced surges are the more likely cause of lightning damage in the majority of installations, especially in rural areas where electricity is usually provided by long overhead lines. Surges may be induced on both the PV array conductors or the AC cables leading to the building.
Specialists in lightning protection should be consulted in the actual application.
Using appropriate external lightning protection, the effect of a direct lightning Installation of SPDs to protect the inverter against mechanical damage and excessive stress includes a surge arrester in case of a building with an external lightning protection system (LPS) when the separation distance is kept.
To protect the DC system, a surge protection device (SPD type2) should be fitted at the inverter end of the DC cabling and at the array located between the inverter and the PV generator, if the voltage protection level (VP) of the surge arresters is greater than 1100V, an additional SPD type 3 required for surge protection for electrical devices.
To protect the AC system, surge protection devices (SPD type2) should be fitted at the main incoming point of AC supply (at the consumer’s cutout) , located between the inverter and the meter/distribution system; SPD (test impulse D1) for signal line according to EN 61632-1.
All DC cables should be installed to provide as short a run as possible, and positive and negative cables of the string or main DC supply should be bundled together. Avoid creating loops in the system. This requirement for short runs and bundling includes any associated earth bundling conductors.
Spark gap protection devices are not suitable to be used in DC circuits once conducting, they won’t stop conducting until the voltage passes through their terminals typically less than 30 volts.

• Anti-Islanding Effect

The islanding effect is a special phenomenon that a grid-connected PV system still supplies power to the nearby grid when electrical grid power is no longer present. It
is dangerous for maintenance personnel and the public.
X3-Forth series provide Active Frequency Drift (AFD) to prevent the islanding effect.

2.2 Important Safety Instructions

DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter!

• All work must be carried out by a qualified electrician.
• The appliance is not to be used by children or persons with reduced physical sensory or mental capabilities, or lack of experience and knowledge unless they have been given supervision or instruction.
• Children should be supervised to ensure that they do not play with the appliance.

CAUTION!

• Danger of burn injuries due to hot enclosure parts!
• During operation, the upper lid of the enclosure and the enclosure body may become hot.
• Only touch the lower enclosure lid during operation.

CAUTION!

• Possible damage to health as a result of the effects of radiation!
• Do not stay closer than 20 cm to the inverter for any length of time.

NOTE!
Grounding the PV generator.

• Comply with the local requirements for grounding the PV modules and the PV generator. SolaX recommends connecting the generator frame and other electrically conductive surfaces in a manner that ensures continuous conduction and grounds these in order to have optimal protection of the system and persons.

WARNING!

• Ensure input DC voltage ≤Max. DC voltage. Overvoltage may cause permanent damage to the inverter or other losses, which will not be included in the warranty!

WARNING!

• Authorized service personnel must disconnect both AC and DC power from the X3-Forth series before attempting any maintenance or cleaning or working on any circuits connected to the X3 series.

WARNING!
Do not operate the inverter when the device is running.
WARNING!
Risk of electric shock!

• Prior to the application, please read this section carefully to ensure the correct and safe application. Please keep the user manual properly.
• Use only attachments recommended or sold by SolaX. Otherwise may result in a risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to a person.
• Make sure that existing wiring is in good condition and that wire is not undersized.
• Do not disassemble any parts of the inverter which are not mentioned in the installation guide. It contains no user-serviceable parts. See Warranty for instructions on obtaining service. Attempting to service the X3 Series inverter yourself may result in a risk of electric shock or fire and will void your warranty.
• Keep away from flammable, explosive materials to avoid fire disaster.
• The installation place should be away from humid or corrosive substances.
• Authorized service personnel must use insulated tools when installing or working with this equipment.
• PV modules shall have an IEC 61730 class A rating.
• Never touch either the positive or negative pole of the PV connecting device.
• Strictly prohibit touching both of them at the same time.
• The unit contains capacitors that remain charged to a potentially lethal voltage after the MAINS and PV supply has been disconnected.

WARNING!
The hazardous voltage will present for up to 5 minutes after disconnection from the power supply.

• CAUTION-RISK of electric shock from energy stored in a capacitor. Never operate on the solar connectors, The MAINS cables, PV cables, or the PV generator when power is applied. After switching off the PV and Mains, always wait for 5 minutes to let the intermediate circuit capacitors discharge before you unplug DC and MAINS connectors.

• When accessing the internal circuit of the solar inverter, it is very important to wait 5 minutes before operating the power circuit or demounting the electrolyte capacitors inside the device. Do not open the device beforehand since the capacitors require time to sufficiently discharge!
  PE Connection and Leakage Current

• The inverter incorporates a certified internal Residual Current Device (RCD) in order to protect against possible electrocution and fire hazard in case of a malfunction in the cables or the inverter. There are two trip thresholds for the RCD as required for certification (IEC 62109-2: 2011).

• The default value for electrocution protection is 30 mA, and for slow-rising current is 300 mA.

• If an external RCD is required by local regulations, check which type of RCD is required for the relevant electric code. It recommends using a type-A RCD. The recommended RCD values is 100 mA or 300 mA unless a lower value is required by the specific local electric codes. When required by local regulations, the use of an RCD type B is permitted.
  The device is intended to connect to a PV generator with a capacitance limit of approx 700 nf.

WARNING!

• High leakage current!
• The earth connection is essential before connecting supply.
• Incorrect grounding can cause physical injury, death, or equipment malfunction and increase electromagnetic.
• Make sure that the grounding conductor is adequately sized as required by safety regulations.
• Do not connect the ground terminals of the unit in series in case of multiple installations. This product can cause current with a d.c component.
• Where a residual current operated protective (  RCD) or monitoring ( RCM)  device is used for protection in case of direct or indirect contact, only one RCD or RCM of type B is allowed on the supply side of this product.

For the United Kingdom

• The installation that connects the equipment to the supply terminals complies with the requirements of 7671.

• Electrical installation of the system shall comply with requirements of PV BS 7671 and 60364-7-712.

• No protection settings can be altered.

• The installer shall ensure that equipment is installed and operated to at all times in compliance with the requirements of maintaining ESQCR 22 (1) (a).
  For Australia and New Zealand

• Electrical installation and maintenance shall be conducted by licensed
  electrician and shall comply with Australia National Wiring Rules.

2.3 Explanation of Symbols
This section gives an explanation of all the symbols shown on the inverter and on the type label.

•  Symbols on the Inverter

● Symbols on the Type Label

The inverter complies with the requirements of the applicable CE guidelines.
| TUV certificated
| Beware of hot surfaces.
The inverter can become hot during operation. Avoid contact during operation.
| The danger of high voltages.
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter!
| Danger.
Risk of electric shock!
| Observe the enclosed documentation.
| The inverter can not be disposed of together with the household waste.
Disposal information can be found in the enclosed documentation.
| Do not operate this inverter until it is isolated from mains and on-site PV generation suppliers.
| Danger to life due to high voltage.
There is residual voltage in the inverter which needs 5 minutes to discharge.
• Wait 5 minutes before you open the upper lid or the DC lid.

2.4 EC Directives

This chapter follows the requirements of the European low voltage directives, which contain the safety instructions and conditions of acceptability for the endues system, which you must follow when installing, operating, and servicing the unit. If ignored, physical injury or death may follow, or damage may occur to the unit. Read this instruction before you work on the unit. If you are unable to understand the dangers, warnings, cautions, or instructions, contact an authorized service dealer before installing. Operating and servicing the unit. The Grid-connected inverter meets the requirement stipulated in the Low Voltage Directive (LVD) 2014/35/EU and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive 2014/30/EU. The unit is based on:
EN 62109-1:2010; EN 62109-2:2011; IEC 62109-1 (ed.1); IEC62109-2 (ed.1); EN 61000-6-3:2007+A:2011; EN 61000-6-1:2007; EN 61000-62:2005
In case of installation in a PV system, startup of the unit (i.e. start of designated operation) is prohibited until it is determined that the full system meets the requirements stipulated in EC Directive (2014/35/EU, 2014/30/EU, etc.) The grid-connected inverter leaves the factory completely connecting device and ready for connection to the mains and PV supply, the unit shall be installed in accordance with national wiring regulations. Compliance with safety regulations depends upon installing and configuring the system correctly, including using the specified wires.
The system must be installed only by professional installers who are familiar with the requirements for safety and EMC.
The installer is responsible for ensuring that the end system complies with all the relevant laws in the country where it is to be used.
The individual subassembly of the system shall be interconnected by means of the wiring methods outlined in national/international such as the national electric code (NFPA) No.70 or VDE regulation 0107.

Introduction

3.1 Photovoltaic grid connected system
X3-Forth, a three-phase transformerless grid-connected inverter, is an important part of the photovoltaic power generation system. It converts the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel into alternating current and also can be used to optimize self-consumption or feed into the public grid. The first figure shows the typical application scenario of a 40k-125k inverter and the second figure shows the typical application scenario of the 136k-150k inverter.

Warning!

• The inverter shall not be connected to the PV string requiring positive grounding or negative grounding.
  Do not connect local load between inverter and AC side circuit breaker!
  The power grid supported by the X3-Forth inverter is TN-S, TN-C, TN-C-S, TT, and IT.
  40 kW-70 kW inverters are connected to a 220 V / 127 V three-phase four-wire power grid and 80 kW-120 kW inverters are connected to 380V/ 400V three-phase four-wire power grid, which must be connected with Online (or not), as shown in Figure 1;
  136 kW and 150 kW models are directly connected to the medium voltage power grid through 500 V or 540 V transformer without N line access, as shown in Figure 2;

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3.2 Basic Features
Thanks for your purchase of the SolaX X3-Forth Series inverter. The X3-Forth Series inverter is one of the finest inverters on the market today, incorporating state-of-the-art technology, high reliability, and convenient control features.

• 2 Strings per MPP tracker, maximum of 12 MPP trackers
• Max DC input current 16 A per string, Max DC input current 32 A for each MPP tracker, supporting double side arrays
• Max 150% oversizing DC input power; Max. 110% apparent AC output power
• Remote error diagnoses and firmware upgrade dispatching grid power remotely; reactive power compensating during night
• Smart air cooling, adjustable fan speed
• Current monitoring on each MPP tracker, smart I-V curve scan
• Support electric ARC monitoring (optional), AC output terminal temperature monitoring
• Safety &Reliability: transformerless design with software and hardware protection.
• Power factor regulation.
• Friendly HMI.
  – LED status indications.
  – LCD display technical data, Human-machine interaction through the pressed key.
  – Dry contact communication interface.
  – PC remote control.
  – Remote upgrade and upgrade through the USB interface.
  – RS485/PLC communication interfaces available (Optional): WI-FI/4G available
  – Energy conservation.

3.3 Overview of the Inverter

WARNING!
Only authorized personnel is allowed to set the connection.

3.4 Dimension

3.5Principle description
The inverter is equipped with multi-channel MPPT for DC input to ensure maximum power even under different photovoltaic input conditions. The inverter unit converts DC into AC that meets the requirements of the power grid and feeds it into the power grid. The lightning arrester at AC / DC side can realize the function of surge protection.
The principle design of the 80K-150K inverter is shown in the figure below:

Technical Data

4.1 DC Input
• DC input of 40k-70k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-40K-LV| X3-FTH-50K-LV| X3-FTH-60K-LV| X3 -FTH-70K-LV
---|---|---|---|---
Max. DC power [kW]| 60| 75| 90| 105
Max. DC voltage [V]| 800| 800| 800| 800
Rated DC voltage [V]| 360| 360| 360| 360
Start input voltage [V]| 200| 200| 200| 200
MPPT voltage range@full load [V]| 180-650| 180-650| 180-650| 180-650
Max. DC current [A] / MPPT| 32| 32| 32| 32
Max. short circuit current [A] / MPPT| 46| 46| 46| 46
No. of MPP trackers| 9| 9| 12| 12
Strings of MPP tracker| 18| 18| 24| 24

• DC input of 80k-150k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-80K| X3-FTH-100K| X3-FTH-110K| X3-FTH-120K| X3-FTH-125K| X3-FTH- 136K-MV| X3-FTH-150K-MV
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
Max. DC power [kW]| 120| 150| 165| 180| 188| 204| 225
Max. DC voltage [V]| 1100| 1100| 1100| 1100| 1100| 1100| 1100
Rated DC voltage [V]| 600| 600| 600| 600| 600| 730/785| 730/785
Start input voltage [V]| 200| 200| 200| 200| 200| 200| 200
MPPT voltage range@full load [V]| 500-800| 500-800| 500-800| 500-800| 500-800| 500-800| 500-800
Max. DC current [A] / MPPT| 32| 32| 32| 32| 32| 32| 32
Max. short circuit current [A] / MPPT| 46| 46| 46| 46| 46| 46| 46
No. of MPP trackers| 9| 9| 9| 12| 12| 12| 12
Strings of MPP tracker| 18| 18| 18| 24| 24| 24| 24

4.2 AC Output
Ø AC output of 40k-70k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-40K-LV| X3-FTH-50K-LV| X3-FTH-60K-LV| X3 -FTH-70K-LV
---|---|---|---|---
Rated AC power [kW]| 40| 50| 60| 70
Rated AC current [A]| 105| 131.3| 157.5| 183.7
Max. active power [kW]| 44| 55| 66| 70
Max. apparent AC power [VA]| 44| 55| 66| 70
Max. AC current [A]| 115.5| 144.5| 173.5| 183.7
Nominal AC voltage [V]| 220 /127, 3 / N / PE
Nominal AC frequency [Hz]| 50/60 (±5)
The frequency range of power grid [Hz]| 50 (±5)/60 (±5)
Total harmonic distortion (THDi)| <3% (Rated power)
DC component of AC current| <0.5%In
Power factor| >0.99 (Rated power)
Power factor range| 0.8 leading-0.8 lagging

• AC output of 80k-150k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-80K| X3-FTH-100K| X3-FTH-110K| X3-FTH- 120K| X3-FTH-125K| X3-FTH-136K-MV| X3-FTH-150K-MV
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
Rated AC power [kW]| 80| 100| 110| 120| 125| 136| 150
Rated AC current [A]| 121.3/116| 151.6/145| 166.7/159.5| 181.9/174| 189.4/181.2| 157.1/145.4| 173.2/160.4
Max. active power [kW]| 88| 110| 121| 132| 132| 149.6| 165
Max. apparent AC power [VA]| 88| 110| 121| 132| 132| 149.6| 165
Max. AC current [A]| 133.4/127.6| 166.7/159.5| 183.4/175.4| 200/191.3| 200/191.3| 172.8/160| 190.6/176.5
Nominal AC voltage [V]| 3 × 220 /380 , 3 × 230 /400 , 3W+(N)+PE| 500/540,3P3W+PE
Grid voltage range [V]| 176 – 276 / 304 – 480 *| –| –
Nominal AC frequency [Hz]| 50/60
Frequency range of power grid [Hz]| 50 (±5)/60 (±5)
Total harmonic distortion (THDi)| <3% (Rated power)
DC component of AC current| <0.5%In
Power factor| >0.99 (Rated power)
Power factor range| 0.8 leading-0.8 lagging

4.3 Efficiency, Safety, and Protection
• Efficiency, safety, and protection of the 40k-70k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-40K-LV| X3-FTH-50K-LV| X3-FTH-60K-LV| X3 -FTH-70K-LV
---|---|---|---|---
Max. efficiency| 98.0%| 98.0%| 98.0%| 98.0%
Safety & Protection|
DC Switch| YES
DC isolation protection| YES
Monitoring ground fault protection| YES
Grid protection| YES
Over current protection| YES
Overload protection| YES
Anti-Islanding protection| YES
DC Surge protection| Type II
AC Surge protection| Type II
Residual current detection| YES
DC injection monitoring| YES
Overheat protection| YES

• Efficiency, safety, and protection of the 80k-150k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-80K| X3-FTH-100K| X3-FTH-110K| X3-FTH-120K| X3-FTH-125K| X3-FTH- 136K-MV| X3-FTH-150K-MV
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
Max. efficiency| 98.6%| 98.6%| 98.6%| 98.6%| 98.6%| 99.0%| 99.0%
Safety & Protection|
DC Switch| YES
DC isolation protection| YES
Monitoring ground fault protection| YES
Grid protection| YES
Over current protection| YES
Over load protection| YES
Anti-Islanding protection| YES
DC Surge protection| Type II
AC Surge protection| Type II
Residual current detection| YES
DC injection monitoring| YES
Overheat protection| YES

4.4 General Data
• General data of 40k-70k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-40K-LV| X3-FTH-50K-LV| X3-FTH-60K-LV| X3 -FTH-70K-LV
---|---|---|---|---
Self-consumption (night)| <10 W
Isolation type| Non-isolated
Protective Class| IP66
Operating temperature range| -25°C~+60°C (derating at +45°C)
Operation relative humidity| 0~100% RH
Cooling| Smart cooling
Altitude| 4000 m (Derating at 3000)
Dimension [W/H/D] [mm]| 985 × 660 × 327.5
Weight [kg]| 84
Display| LED indicator × 4, LCD (Optional)
Communication interfaces| RS485/External WiFi/4G modular (Optional)
Safety| IEC/EN 62109-1 and 62109-2 (EU)
EMC| IEC/EN 61000-6-3, IEC/EN 61000-6-4
Certification| ABNT NBR 16149:2013, ABNT NBR 16150:2013, ABNT NBR IEC 62116: 2012, IEC 61727
Standard warranty [year]| 5 years/10 years (Optional)

• General data of 80k-150k inverter

Model| X3-FTH-80K| X3-FTH-100K| X3-FTH-110K| X3-FTH-120K| X3-FTH-125K| X3-FTH- 136K-MV| X3-FTH-150K-MV
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
Self-consumption (night)| <10 W
Isolation type| Non-isolated
Protective Class| IP66
Operating temperature rang| e -25°C~+60°C (derating at +45°C)
Operation relative humidity| 0~100%RH
Cooling| Forced air cooling
Altitude| 4000 m
Dimension [W/H/D] [mm]| 985 × 660 × 327.5
Weight [kg]| 77| 83.3
Display| LED indicator × 4, LCD (Optional)
Communication interfaces| RS485/External WiFi/4G modular (Optional)
Safety| IEC/EN 62109-1 and 62109-2 (EU)
EMC| IEC/EN 61000-6-1, IEC/EN 61000-6-2, IEC/EN 61000-6-3, IEC/EN 61000-6-4
Certification| EN 50549, AS4777, VDE4105, IEC 61727, IEC 62116, IEC 61683, IEC 60068, EN 50530
Standard warranty [year]| 5years/10 years (Optional)

Mechanical Installation

5.1 Installation Precaution

DANGER!
Before installation, make sure there is no electrical connection.
Before drilling holes in the wall, make sure the layout of the water pipes and cables inside the wall is clearly known to avoid any danger.
CAUTION!
Personal injury and machine damage may be caused by improper movement of the inverter.
Please strictly comply with the instructions of this manual when moving the installing the inverter.

5.2 Selection for the installation position
The installation location selected for the inverter is quite critical in the aspect of the guarantee of machine safety, service life, and performance.

• X3-Forth series has the IP66 ingress protection, which allows it to be installed outside the door.
• The installation position shall be convenient for wiring connection, operation, and maintenance.

5.2.1 Installation environment required

The installation position shall be well ventilated.
Make sure the installation site meets the following conditions:

• Not be exposed to glare.
• Not in areas where highly flammable materials are stored.
• Not in potentially explosive areas.
• Not in the cool air directly.
• Not near the television antenna or antenna cable.
• Not higher than the altitude of about 4000m above sea level.
• Not in an environment of precipitation or humidity (0-100%).
• Be sure the ventilation is good enough.
• The ambient temperature is in the range of -25°C to +60°C.
• Avoid direct sunlight, rain exposure, and snow laying up during installing and operating.

5.2.2 Installation carrier required

The wall or stand hanging the inverter should meet the conditions below:

1. Solid brick/concrete, or strength equivalent mounting surface;
2. The inverter must be supported or strengthened if the strength of the wall/stand isn’t enough. (such as a wooden wall, the wall covered by a thick layer of decoration)

5.2.3 Installation angle required

• The inclination angle of the flat installation shall be greater than 10° and can not be tilted forward, inverted, excessive back tilted or side tilted.
• The inverter shall be installed more than 500 mm above the ground.

5.2.4 Installation space required
To ensure good heat dissipation and convenient disassembly, the minimum clearance around the inverter shall not be less than the following values, as shown in the following figure. For multi-inverter installation, please reserve the space of 700 mm at least between each left and right inverter and at least 500 mm between each upper and lower inverter.

5.3 Tools preparation for installation and connection

5.4 Check for Transport Damages
Make sure the inverter is intact during transportation. If there are some visible damages, such as cracks, please contact your dealer immediately.
5.5 Packing Lists
Open the package and fetch out the product, check the accessories first.
The packing list shows below.

5.6 Installation steps
5.6.1 Installation steps of mounting the inverter on the wall
• Step 1: Fix the bracket on the wall
a) Find out the bracket and M8 bolts from the accessory bag as below:
And prepare the M10x80 iron expansion combination in advance. Please kindly note that M10x80 screws are not in the accessory bag. Please prepare them in advance.

b) Use the bracket as a template for marking the positions of drilling holes on the wall with a digital level and marker.
c) Use φ10 drill to drill holes in accordance with the mark. The depth of the holes shall be at least 65 mm.
d) Insert the expansion screws into the holes, hang the bracket on the screw and fix it with a nut.![SOLAX POWER X3 Forth Series Inverter for Commercial PV

• screws](https://manuals.plus/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/SOLAX-POWER-X3 -Forth-Series-Inverter-for-Commercial-PV-screws.png)• Step 2: Hang the inverter on the bracket
  a) Lift up the inverter. Two methods are available for your choice.
  Method 1: Four installers directly hold the inverter on the two sides and lift it up.
  Method 2: Install two lifting rings on the two sides of the inverter and lift it up. b) Hang the inverter on the bracket and secure it on the bracket with M8 bolts. 5.6.2 Installation steps of mounting inverter on the stand

•  Step 1: Fix the bracket on the stand
a) Find out the four M10xL40 bolt combinations, bracket, and two M8 bolts from the accessory bag as below: b) Use the bracket as a template for marking the position of drilling holes on the stand with a digital level and marker.
c) Use a φ10 drill to drill holes in accordance with the mark. The depth of the holes shall be at least 35 mm.
d) Pre-install the bracket on the stand and screw in the M10X40 screws.Ø Step 2: Hang the inverter on the bracket
a) Lift up the inverter. Two methods are available for your choice.
Method 1: Four installers directly hold the inverter on the two sides and lift it up.
Method 2: Install two lifting rings on the two sides of the inverter and lift it up. b) Hang the inverter on the bracket and secure it on the bracket with M8 bolts.

Electrical connection

6.1 Grounding connection
The uncharged metal parts in the photovoltaic power generation system, including the photovoltaic substrate bracket and the metal shell of the inverter, should be reliably grounded. The grounding part of multiple inverters and photovoltaic array shall be connected to the same grounding bus to establish a reliable equipotential connection.
Ø Step 1: Make the grounding cable
a) Select 35-70 mm² yellow and green conductor with proper length by wire cutter and OT copper terminal. Use a wire stripper to strip the insulation layer of the conductor end. The stripped length shall be as shown below:
b) Tighten the stripped end and pull the heat-shrink tubing over the grounding cable. The heat-shrink tubing must be below the cable section. c) Insert the stripped section into the OT copper terminal and crimp with a crimping tool.
d) Pull the heat-shrink tubing over the stripped section of the OT terminal and use a hot-air blower to shrink it so that it can be in firm contact with OT terminal. Ø Step 2: Connect the grounding cable to the inverter.
a) Connect the grounding cable to the inverter and fix it with a torque of 12 N.m 6.2 PV String Connection

WARNING!
Before connecting the inverter, make sure that the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic string shall not exceed 1100 V under any conditions, otherwise, the inverter will be damaged.
WARNING!
Do not ground the positive or negative pole of the PV string, otherwise, it will cause serious damage to the inverter.
WARNING!
Make sure that the positive and negative poles of the PV string are correctly connected with the corresponding identification of the inverter.

Ø Step 1: Make the PV cable
a) Find out the positive/negative x24 DC connector and x24 positive/ negative DC pin contact from the accessory bag. b) Turn off the DC switch and prepare a 10 AWG PV cable. Use wire stripper to strip 6 mm insulation layer of the PV cable end. c) Tighten the stripped section and insert it into the PV pins. And use terminals press clamp to clamp it so that the stripped section of PV cable is in firm contact with PV pins. d) Insert the PV cable through the fastening head and plug (male and female) and force the male or female plug to the cable. You will hear “Click” which indicates the connection is completed. Then tighten the fastening head. Ø Step 2: Measure the voltage of the DC input
Use a multimeter to measure the PV voltage of DC input, verify the polarity of the DC input cable, and ensure that the voltage of each string is within the range of the inverter.
Ø Step 3: Connect the PV cable to the inverter
Connect the PV cable to the corresponding PV port on the inverter, shown as below: WARNING!
When the DC cable is reversely connected or the inverter fails to work normally, it is forbidden to turn off the DC switch directly or pull out the DC string.
The correct operation is as follows:

• Use clamp current meter to measure DC string current.
• If it is greater than 0.5 A, please wait until the current is less than 0.5 A.
• Only when the current is less than 0.5 A, can the DC power be cut off and the DC string is pulled out.

The inverter damage caused by improper operation will not be included in the warranty.
Requirements for photovoltaic modules connecting to the same circuit:

• All PV modules shall be of the same specification.
• All PV modules have the same tilt angle and orientation.
• The open circuit voltage of the PV string shall not exceed 1100 V at the coldest expected temperature in time

WARNING!
Electric shock!

Do not touch live DC wires. When photovoltaic modules are exposed to light, high voltage will occur, which will lead to the risk of electric shock, resulting in death due to contact with DC conductor.

6.3 Grid Connection

WARNING!
Ensure electrical connection design meets local national and local standards.
WARNING!
The PE wire (ground wire) of the inverter must be reliably grounded.
WARNING!
Disconnect the circuit breaker or fuse of the inverter and grid connection access point.

Note:

• It is recommended to add a circuit breaker or fuse on the AC side, whose specification is more than 1.25 times of rated AC output current.
• 70~240 mm² copper wire is recommended. If the aluminum wire is needed, please consult the inverter manufacturer.
• Use copper terminal for copper wire, use copper aluminum terminal for aluminum wire, not aluminum terminal directly.

Ø Step 1: Make the AC cable
a) Select the appropriate OT terminal and black, red and yellow, and green cable with proper length by wire cutter, and use a wire stripper to strip the insulation layer of the AC cable end. The stripped insulation layer shall be 2-3 mm longer than the “D” part of the OT terminal.

b) Pull the heat-shrink tubing over the AC cable.
c) Insert the stripped section into the OT terminal and crimp with a crimping tool and pull the heat-shrink tubing over the crimped section of the OT terminal.
Then use a hot air blower to shrink it so that they are in firm contact with the OT terminal. d) Open the cover of the wiring box.Ø Step 2: Connect the AC cable to the inverter
a) Use a utility knife to cut out the pagoda-type protection ring in accordance with the whole cable size, route the AC cable through the pagoda protection ring, and connect it to the AC terminals L1, L2, L3, and N in turn, and tighten it with a torque wrench (with the torque of 25~30 N·m). b) Re-install the cover of the wiring box and tighten it with screws (with the torque of 5~7 N·m). 6.4 Communication Connection
6.4.1 Communication signal definition

collector
2| RS485B IN-
3| Rs485 IN-GND
4| RS485A OUT+
5| RS485B OUT-
6| Rs485 OUT-GND

RS-485-2

| 7| RS485A METER| Connect the RS485 meter or other devices
8| RS485B METER
9| V+5V
10| COM_GND
DRM| 11| DRM1/5|

Reserved for DRM

12| DRM2/6
13| DRM3/7
14| DRM4/8
15| RG/0
16| CL/0
DI| 21| Digital IN+| Input digital signal
22| Digital IN-
DO| 29| Digital OUT+| Output digital signal
30| Digital OUT-

6.4.2 Connection steps of communication cable
a) Find out the communication terminal from the accessory bag and disassemble it into the following parts.

b) Select 0.5-0.75 mm2 conductor and use a wire stripper to strip the 12-14 mm insulation layer of the cable end and insert the insulated cord end terminal to the cable end. (ENY0512 nylon terminal for 0.5mm²/22 AWG conductor; ENY7515 nylon terminal for 0.75mm²/20 AWG conductor)
c) Use a terminal press clamp to make the terminal in firm contact with the cable end. d) Set the nut, claw, seal body, seal ring, and body on the communication cable in turn. e) Insert the tube-type terminal into the housing according to the label on it. Push the terminal- inserted housing into the body. There will be a slight sound of “Click”, which indicates the connection is completed. f) Push the seal body into seal ring, then push the claw.
g) Clockwise tighten the nut with torque 8+/-2 N.m.
h) Keep the buttons on both sides pressed and connect it to the COM port of the inverter. There will be a slight sound of “Click” if it is correctly connected.
6.4.3 Release steps of communication cable
For releasing the communication cable, please keep the buttons on the two sides pressed and pull out the cable to make it unlocked. 6.5 Monitoring Connection
Solaxcloud is a mobile phone application that can communicate with the inverter via WiFi/LAN/4G. It can realize alarm queries, parameter configuration, daily maintenance, and other functions. This is a convenient maintenance platform.
Plug Dongle into the “USB” port at the bottom of the inverter. After the DC side or AC side is powered on, the APP and inverter can be connected. Please refer to the corresponding manual for details.

Ø WiFi connection
Solax Pocket WiFi Dongle connects to a local network within 50 m of the installation to enable access to the SolaX Cloud monitoring platform.Ø LAN connection
If WiFi isn’t suitable, the Pocket LAN enables users to connect to the network via an ethernet cable. Ethernet allows for a much more stable connection with less interference.

Ø 4G connection
SolaX Pocket 4G dongle allows you to use a 4G connection to monitor your system without the option of connecting to a local network. (This product is not available in the UK) Ø Basic setting and advanced setting
Basic settings include the time, date, language, and system switch.
Advanced settings can set the new password of the inverter, buzzer enables, timing switch, etc.

• Under different standard codes, the parameters that can be set for the inverter are different.

• If you change the grid standard code, some parameters may revert to factory defaults. After the grid standard code is changed, please check whether the previously set parameters are affected.

• Sending reset, plant recovery, shutdown, or upgrade instructions to the inverter may cause the inverter to be unable to be connected to the grid and affect power generation.

• The power grid parameters, protection parameters, characteristic parameters, and power regulation parameters of the inverter must be set by professionals.
  power grid Incorrect setting of parameters, protection parameters, and characteristic parameters may cause the inverter not to be connected to the grid and incorrect setting of power adjustment parameters.

• The error may cause the inverter cannot to be connected to the power grid according to the power grid requirements, thus affecting the power generation.

• Parameter names, ranges, and defaults may change or adjust in the future.

Start up the Inverter

• Start inverter after checking all the below steps:
  a) Check that device is fixed well on the wall or stand.
  b) Make sure all the DC breakers and AC breakers are disconnected.
  c) AC cable is connected to grid correctly.
  d) All PV panels are connected to the inverter correctly, DC connectors that are
  not used should be sealed by the cover.
  e) Turn on the DC switch to the “ON” position.

•   Start the inverter
  The inverter will start automatically when PV panels generate enough energy.
  Check the status of the LED indication
  If the LED indication is not on, please check the below:
  – All the connections are right.
  – All the external circuit breakers are closed.
  – The DC switch of the inverter is in the “ON” position.

Communication signal indicator

(blue)

| Always light on| The inverter communication is normal.
Flashing| No communication data is sent or received for a long time.

DC side signal indicator (green)

| Always light on| The inverter is in a grid-connected state.
Flashing| If the fault signal light is on, it indicates errors occur on the inverter DC side. If the fault signal light is off, it indicates no errors occur on the inverter DC side and at least one channel of MPPT input voltage is higher than 200 V.
Always light off| The input voltage of all channels of MPPT is less than 200 V, Or the DC switch is not turned on.
Grid connection indicator (green)| Always light on| The inverter is in a grid- connected state.

Flashing

| If the fault signal indicator is on, it indicates errors occur on the inverter AC side; If the fault signal indicator is off, the AC grid is connected and the inverter is not in a grid-connected state.
Always light off| The inverter is not connected to the grid;

Inverter fault indicator (Red)

| Always light on| The inverter is faulty
Flashing| The inverter prompts a warning
Always light off| The inverter is currently in a normal state, and there is no fault.

• Four LED lights have three states:
  Always on / always off / flashing
  The specific definitions are as follows:
  Note:
  When there is firmware in the inverter system in the upgrading state, the other 3 LED lights are in the flashing state except for the communication signal light; Do not operate the inverter before the upgrading is finished.

Troubleshooting

This section contains information and procedures for solving possible problems with X3 series inverters and provides you with troubleshooting tips to identify and solve most problems that could occur with the X3 series inverters.
This section will help you narrow down the source of any problems you may encounter. Please read the following troubleshooting steps.
Check warnings or fault messages on System Control Panel or Fault codes on the inverter information panel. If a message is displayed, record it before doing anything further.
Attempt the solution indicated in the troubleshooting lists.
If your inverter’s information panel is not displaying a Fault light, check the following list to make sure that the present state of the installation allows proper operation of the unit.

•  Is the inverter located in a clean, dry, adequately ventilated place?
• Have the DC input breakers been opened?
•  Are the cables adequately sized and short enough?
•  Are the input and output connections and wiring in good condition?
•  Are the configurations settings correct for your particular installation?
•  Are the display panel and the communications cable properly connected and undamaged?

Contact SolaX Customer Service for further assistance. Please be prepared to describe details of your system installation and provide the model and serial number of the unit.
Global Service Center: +86 (571) 56260033 ext 749
General Enquiry: +86 (571) 56260011
Sales Enquiry: +86 (571) 56260008
E-Mail: [email protected]
Fax: +86 (571) 56075753

1. Check PV electrical connection;
2. Check the grounding of inverter;
3. Contact the installer;
Meter_Oppsite| Incorrect meter direction
1. Confirm whether the current direction of the meter is correct;
2. Contact the installer
Remote_Off| The inverter receives the shutdown command and is in the shutdown state
1. Send the startup command through app or web to re run the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
Freq_Cfg_Err| Grid rated frequency setting error
1. Check whether the state / power grid directive is set correctly;
2. Contact the installer
Gnd_Conn_Err| Inverter grounding fault
1. Check whether the Neutral line of the power grid is correctly connected;
2. Check whether the inverter ground wire is correctly connected;
3. Try to re run the inverter;
4. Contact the installer;
PV01_Reverse| Reversed PV connection on MPPT1 (PV01-PV12 respectively represent the PV input channel 1-12)
1. Check whether the electrical connection of PV module is correct;
2. Contact the installer
PV_VolHigh| PV input voltage is higher than the allowable value (PV1-PV12 respectively represents 1-12 PV overvoltage)
1. Check the PV voltage and confirm that it is within the allowable range;
2. Reduce the number of PV modules in series and reduce PV voltage;
3. Contact the installer
BST_SW_OCP| MPPT software overcurrent
1. Check whether the PV input is short circuited;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
BST_HW_OCP| MPPT hardware overcurrent
1. Check whether the PV input is short-circuited;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
Grid_Loss| Power failure of power grid/disconnection of AC line or AC switch.
1. Check whether the grid voltage is normal;
2. Check the power grid electrical connection AC switch;
3. Try to restart the inverter
GridVol_OP1| The grid voltage exceeds the allowable value
1. Check whether the grid voltage is within the allowable range;
2. Try to re run the inverter;
GridVol_UP1| The grid voltage is lower than the allowable value
1. Check whether the grid voltage is within the allowable range;
2. Try to re run the inverter;
GridVol_OP_10M| The average grid voltage in 10 minutes exceeds the allowable value
1. Check whether the grid voltage is within the allowable range;
2. Try to re-run the inverter;
GridVol_OP_INST| The instantaneous high voltage of the power grid
1. Check whether the grid voltage is within the allowable range;
2. Try to re run the inverter;
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GridFreq_OP1| Grid frequency exceeds the allowable value
1. Check whether the power grid frequency is within the allowable range;
. Try to re run the inverter;
GridFreq_UP1| The grid frequency is lower than the allowable value
1. Check whether the power grid frequency is within the allowable range;
2. Try to re run the inverter;
GridPhase_Loss| Loss of grid phase voltage
1. Check the grid voltage;
2. Check the power grid electrical connection AC switch;
3. Try to re run the inverter
Grid_Unbalance| Grid voltage imbalance
1. Check whether the grid voltage is within the allowable range;
2. Try to re run the inverter;
Grid_FRT| Grid fault
1. Check whether the grid voltage is within the allowable range;
2. Try to re run the inverter;
DCBus_HW_OVP| Bus hardware overvoltage
1. Check the PV voltage and confirm that it is within the allowable range;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
PBus_FSW_OVP| Bus software overvoltage
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
NBus_FSW_OVP| Bus software overvoltage
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
DCBus_SW_OVP| Bus software overvoltage
1. Check the PV voltage and confirm that it is within the allowable range;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
DCBus_SW_UVP| Bus software undervoltage
1. Check the PV voltage and confirm that it is within the allowable range;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
DCBus_Unbalance| Bus imbalance
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer

PV_Above_Bus

| The PV voltage is higher than the Bus voltage
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
DcBus_SSErr| Bus soft start failure
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
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SunPWR_Weak| Low PV power
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
InvRelay_Err| Relay fault
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
Relay_OnErr| Relay pull-in fault
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
Inv_SW_OCP| Inverter software overcurrent
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
Inv_PkCur_OL| Inverter peak overcurrent fault
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
Inv_HW_OCP| Inverter hardware overcurrent
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
Inv_DCI_Err| DCI exceeds the allowable value
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
Inv_SC_Err| Inverter peak overcurrent fault

1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer

GFCI_CT_Err| GFCI sensor failure
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer
GFCI_Err| GFCI failure
1. Check whether the inverter ground wire is correctly connected;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
Inv_HW_OCPA| Inverter hardware overcurrent fault
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2. Contact the installer

Bst_IGBT_NTC_OTP

| Boost module temperature above allowable value
1. Confirm that the inverter is well ventilated;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
Inv_IGBT_NTC_OTP| The temperature of inverter module is higher than the allowable value
1. Confirm that the inverter is well ventilated;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
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AC_TB_NTC_OTP| The AC terminal temperature is higher than the allowable value
1. Confirm that the inverter is well ventilated;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
Envir_Tmp_High| The internal temperature is higher than the allowable value
1. Confirm that the AC terminal of the inverter is well wired;
2. Try to restart the inverter;
3. Contact the installer
Envir_Tmp_Low| The internal temperature is lower than the allowable value1. Confirm that the inverter is well ventilated;
2.  Try to restart the inverter;|
3.  Contact the installer
TmpSensor_Loss| Temperature sensor connection failure
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer
Comm_SPI_Err| Internal SPI failure
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer
Comm_CAN_Err| Internal CAN failure
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer
EPRM_RW_Err| EEPROM fault
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer
FAN1_Err| Fan 1 fault
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer
FAN2_Err| Fan 2 fault
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer

MOV_AC_Err

| AC lightning protection module failure
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer

MOV_DC_Err

| DC lightning protection module failure
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer

Type_Model_Err

| Model setting error
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer

SW_VerMisMatch

| Software version unmatched error
1. Try to restart the inverter;
2.  Contact the installer

8.2 Routine Maintenance
Inverters do not need any maintenance or correction in most conditions, To ensure that the X3-Forth can operate properly for the long term, you are advised to perform routine maintenance on it. Before cleaning the system, connecting cables, and maintaining the grounding reliability, power off the system.

• Fan Maintenance
  The external fan of the inverter is in operation for a long time. In order to keep the fan in a normal working state, it is necessary to clean the fan regularly (it is recommended to clean it once a year).
  If the service life is too long, the fan may fail, and the fan needs to be repaired or replaced. The maintenance or replacement requires a professional operation.
  Step 1. Before the maintenance of the fan, the AC connection must be disconnected, then the DC switch must be disconnected, and wait 5 minutes till the inverter is completely OFF.
  Step 2. Remove the fan support fixing screw as shown in the figure below.
  Step 3. Pull out the fan bracket, stop at the position of about 150 mm, then pull off the fan waterproof connector, then pull the fan bracket again to pull out the whole bracket.
  Step 4. Clean, repair, or replace the fan.

• Safety checks
  Safety checks should be performed at least every 12 months by a manufacturer’s qualified person who has adequate training, knowledge, and practical experience to perform these tests. The data should be recorded in an equipment log. If the device is not functioning properly or fails any tests, the device has to be repaired. For safety check details, refer to this manual, section 2 Safety instruction, and EC Directives.

• Maintain periodically
  Only a qualified person may perform the following works.
  During the process of using the inverter, the management person shall examine and maintain the machine regularly. The concrete operations are as follows.

1. Check that the cooling fins on the rear of the inverter are covered by dirt, and the machine should be cleaned and absorbed dust when necessary.
   This work shall be checked from time to time.
2. Check if the indicators of the inverter are in a normal state, and check if the display of the inverter (if it has a screen) is normal. This check should be performed at least
   every 6 months.
3. Check that if the input and output wires are damaged or aged. This check should be performed at least every 6 months.
4. Check whether the ground terminal and ground cable are securely connected and all terminals and ports are properly sealed. This check should be performed at least every 6 months.
5. You should get the inverter panels cleaned and their safety checked at least every 6 months.

Decommissioning

9.1 Dismantling the Inverter

• Switch off the DC and AC switch/breaker and disconnect the inverter from
• DC Input and AC output.
• Wait for 5 minutes for de-energizing.
• Disconnect communication and optional connection wirings.
• Remove the inverter from the bracket.

WARNING!
Before dismantling the inverter, please be sure to disconnect the DC switch, and then unplug the PV and AC cables, otherwise it will lead to an electric shock hazard.

9.2 Packaging
If possible, please pack the inverter with the original packaging.
If it is no longer available, you can also use an equivalent carton that meets the following requirements.

• Suitable for loads more than 80 kg.
• With handle.
• Can be fully closed.

9.3 Storage and Transportation
Store the inverter in a dry place where ambient temperatures are always between -25°C – +60°C. Take care of the inverter during the storage and transportation, and keep less than 4 cartons in one stack.
When the inverter or other related components need to be disposed of. Have it carried out according to local waste handling regulations? Please be sure to deliver wasted inverters and packing materials to a certain site, which can assist the relevant departments to dispose and recycle.
9.4 Disposing of the X3-Forth
If the X3-Forth service life expires, dispose of it according to the local disposal rules for electrical equipment waste.

Disclaimer

X3 series inverters are transported, used, and operated under limited conditions, such as environmental, electrical etc. SolaX shall not be liable to provide the service, technical support, or compensation under the conditions listed below, including but not limited to:

• The inverter is damaged or broken by force majeure (such as earthquake, flooding, thunderstorm, lighting, fire hazard, volcanic eruption etc).
• Inverter’s warranty is expired and doesn’t buy an extended warranty.
• Can’t provide the inverter’s SN, warranty card, or invoice.
• The inverter is damaged by man-made causes. The inverter is used or operated against any items in local policy.
• Inverter’s installation, configuration, and commissioning don’t follow the requirements mentioned in this manual.
• The inverter is installed, refitted, or operated in improper ways mentioned in this manual without authority from SolaX.
• The inverter is installed, and operated under improper environment or electrical conditions mentioned in this manual without authority from SolaX.
• The inverter is changed, updated, or disassembled on hardware or software without authority from SolaX.
• Obtain the communication protocol from other illegal channels.
• Build monitoring, and control system without authority from SolaX.
• Connect to other brands’ batteries without authority from SolaX.
• SolaX will keep the right to explain all the contents in this user manual.

Warranty Registration Form

For Customer (Compulsory)

Name…………………….
Country………………….
Phone Number………………………
Address……………………..
State………………….
Email…………………………| Zip Code………………….
Product Serial Number……………
Date of Commissioning……………….
Installation Company Name……………………
Installer Name……………………..
Electrician License No………………….
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For Installer

Module ( If Any )
Module Brand……………………..
Module Size(W)………………..
Number of String……….
A number of Panel Per String………………..| Battery ( If Any ). …………………..
Battery Type……………………..
Brand………………………….
A number of Battery Attached………………….
Date of Delivery……………..
Signature………………
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Please visit our warranty website: https://www.solaxcloud.com/#/warranty to complete the online warranty registration or use your mobile phone to scan the QR code to register.
For more detailed warranty terms, please visit SolaX official website: www.solaxpower.com to check it.
614.00002.07

PLEASE REGISTER THE WARRANTY IMMEDIATELY AFTER INSTALLATION! GET YOUR WARRANTY CERTIFICATE FROM SOLAX! KEEP YOUR INVERTER ONLINE & WIN SOLAX POINTS!

https://www.solaxcloud.com/#/installationGuide

|
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https://www.solaxcloud.com/#/installationGuide| https://www.solaxcloud.com/#/installationGuide
Open your camera app and point your device at the QR code| Wait for the camera to recognize the QR code
|
Click banner or notification when it appears on the  screen| https://www.solaxcloud.com/#/installationGuide
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| The warranty registration page will be loaded automatically

References

• SolaX Power: Solar Inverter, Battery System, EV Charger
• Solax Cloud System

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