2G NPort Real TTY Driver Manager
for UC-7400 Series
First Edition, January 2006
www.moxa.com/product

UC-7410-LX 2G NPort Real TTY Driver Manager

Moxa Systems Co., Ltd.
Tel: +886-2-8919-1230
Fax: +886-2-8919-1231
Web: www.moxa.com

MOXA Technical Support
Worldwide: support@moxa.com.tw
The Americas support@moxa.com

The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that agreement.

Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2006 Moxa Systems Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.

Trademarks
MOXA is a registered trademark of The Moxa Group.
All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.

Disclaimer
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Moxa.
Moxa provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this manual, or to the  products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.
Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no responsibility for its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.
This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the publication.

Chapter 1 Introduction

About this Manual
In this manual, we describe how to install the “2G NPort Real TTY Driver Manager” on Moxa’s UC-7400 series of ready-to-run embedded computers. Once installed, the Real TTY Driver can be used to create a connection over a TCP/IP  network between the UC-7400 embedded computer and the serial ports on Moxa’s 2G NPort serial device servers. Programmers will find the Real TTY Driver to be an invaluable tool for applications that use both UC-7400 and 2G NPort  products.

UC-7400 Series Overview
The Moxa UC-7400 Series includes UC-7420, UC-7410, UC-7408, and UC-7402. These RISC-based ready-to-run embedded computers are ideal for embedded applications. UC-7400 features 8 RS-232/422/485 serial ports, dual 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, 8 digital input channels and 8 digital output channels, a PCMCIA interface for wireless LAN communication, a CompactFlash port for flash disk expansion, and USB ports for adding additional memory (such as a  USB Flash disk).
This series use an Intel XScale IXP-422 266 Mhz RISC CPU. Unlike the X86 CPU, which uses a CISC design, the IXP-422’s RISC design architecture and modern semiconductor technology provide UC-7400 with a powerful computing  engine and communication functions, but without generating a lot of heat. The built-in 32 MB NOR Flash ROM and 128 MB SDRAM give you enough memory to put your application software directly on UC-7400. And since the dual LAN
ports are built right into the IXP-422 CPU, UC-7400 makes an ideal communication platform for Network Security applications. If your application requires placing UC-7400 at a site that is not located near an Ethernet LAN connection,  you can connect to the network by using UC-7400’s PCMCIA port to attach a wireless LAN card.
The pre-installed Linux operating system provides an open software environment for your software program development. Software written for desktop PCs can be easily ported to the UC-7400 platform with a GNU cross compiler,  without needing to modify the source code. All of the necessary device drivers, such as a PCMCIA Wireless LAN module and Keypad, LCM, and Buzzer control, are also included with UC-7400. The Operating System, device drivers, and  the software you develop for your own application, can all be stored in UC-7400’s Flash memory.

UC-7400 Model Descriptions and Package Checklist
The basic features of each UC-7400 are described below:
UC-7420-LX
RISC-based Ready-to-Run Embedded Computer with 8 Serial Ports, Dual Ethernet, PCMCIA, CompactFlash, USB, Linux OS.

UC-7410-LX
RISC-based Ready-to-Run Embedded Computer with 8 Serial Ports, Dual Ethernet, Linux OS.
UC-7408-LX
RISC-based Data Acquisition Embedded Computer with 8 Serial Ports, 8 DI Channels, 8 DO Channels, Dual Ethernet, PCMCIA, CompactFlash, Linux OS.
UC-7402-LX
RISC-based Ready-to-Run Embedded Network Computer with Dual Ethernet, PCMCIA, CompactFlash, Linux OS.
All models of UC-7400 are shipped with the following items:

• 1 UC-7400 Series Embedded Computer
• Wall-Mounting Kit
• DIN-Rail Mounting Kit
• Quick Installation Guide
• Documentation & Software CD
• Cross-over Ethernet cable
• CBL-RJ45M9-150: 150 cm, 8-pin RJ45 to Male DB9 serial port cable (Except UC-7402)
• CBL-RJ45F9-150: 150 cm, 8-pin RJ45 to Female DB9 console port cable
• Power Adaptor
• Product Warranty Booklet

NOTE: Notify your sales representative if any of the above items is missing or damaged.

UC-7400 Product Features

• Intel XScale IXP-422 266 MHz Processor
• On-board 128 MB RAM, 32 MB Flash ROM
• Eight RS-232/422/485 serial ports (UC-7420/7410/7408 only)
• 8 digital input channels and 8 digital output channels (UC-7408 only)
• Dual 10/100 Mbps Ethernet
• USB 2.0 host for mass storage devices (UC-7420 only)
• PCMCIA/CompactFlash wireless LAN expansion (supports 802.11b/802.11g)
• LCM display and keypad for HMI (UC-7420/7410 only)
• Linux-ready communication platform
• DIN-Rail or wall mounting installation
• Robust fanless design

Product Hardware Specifications

| UC-7420| UC-7410| UC-7408| UC-7402
---|---|---|---|---
CPU| Intel Xscale IXP-422 266 MHz| Intel Xscale IXP-422 266 MHz| Intel Xscale IXP-422 266 MHz| Intel Xscale IXP-422 266 MHz
RAM| 128 MB| 128 MB| 128 MB| 128 MB
Flash| 32 MB| 32 MB| 32 MB| 32 MB
LAN| Auto-sensing 10/100 Mbps ´ 2 with built-in 1.5 KV magnetic isolation protection RJ45 Connector
Serial Port| RS-232/422/485 ´ 8
RJ45 Connector| RS-232/422/485 ´ 8
RJ45 Connector| RS-232/422/485 ´ 8
RJ45 Connector| N/A
Serial Protection| 15 KV ESD for all signals| N/A
Data Bits| 5, 6, 7, 8| N/A
Stop Bits| 1, 1.5, 2| N/A
Parity| none, even, odd, space, mark| N/A
Flow Control| RTC/CTS, XON/XOFF, RS-485 ADDC™| N/A
Speed| 50 bps to 921.6 Kbps| N/A
Serial Console| RS-232 ´ 1
RJ45 Connector| RS-232 ´ 1
RJ45 Connector| RS-232 ´ 1
RJ45 Connector| RS-232 ´ 1
RJ45 Connector
DI/DO| N/A| N/A| DI ´ 8, DO ´ 8| N/A
USB 2.0 Hosts| 2| N/A| N/A| N/A
USB 1.1 Client| 1| 1| 1| 1
PCMCIA| Cardbus ´ 1| N/A| Cardbus ´ 1| Cardbus ´ 1
Storage Expansion**| Compact Flash ´

1***

| N/A| Compact Flash ´

1***

| Compact Flash ´

1***

LCM| 128 ´ 64 dots| 128 ´ 64 dots| N/A| N/A
Keypad| 5| 5| N/A| N/A
Real Time Clock| Yes| Yes| Yes| Yes
Buzzer| Yes| Yes| Yes| Yes
Rest Button| HW Reset ´ 1
Reset to Default ´ 1| HW Reset ´ 1
Reset to Default ´ 1| HW Reset ´ 1
Reset to Default ´ 1| HW Reset ´ 1
Reset to Default ´ 1
Power Input| 12 to 48 VDC| 12 to 48 VDC| 12 to 48 VDC| 12 to 48 VDC
Power Consumption| 12W| 10W| 8W| 7W
Dimension (W ´ D ´ H)| 197 ´ 125 ´ 44 mm| 197 ´ 125 ´ 44 mm| 197 ´ 125 ´ 44 mm| 197 ´ 125 ´ 44 mm
Weight| 875 g| 810 g| 870 g| 830 g
Operating temperature| -10 to 60°C (14 to 131°F), 5 to 95% RH
Storage temperature| -20 to 80°C (-4 to 176°F), 5 to 95% RH
Regulatory Approvals| EMC: CE Class A, FCC Class A Safety: UL, CUL, TUV
Warranty| 5 years| 5 years| 5 years| 5 years

• USB Client function is reserved for future enhancement
  ** PCMCIA is designed for 802.11b/g wireless LAN card expansion
  *** CompactFlash is designed for Flash memory card or Microdrive expansion

About 2G NPort Real TTY Driver Manager
The 2G NPort Real TTY Driver Manager for UC-7400 Series manages remote MOXA 2G NPort device servers operated in Real COM Mode. The Real TTY Driver Manager establishes a transparent connection between the UC-7400 and  serial devices attached to the NPort device server by mapping an IP address and TCP port number of the Moxa 2G NPort’s serial port to a local TTY port on the UC-7400 embedded computer. The remote serial device can be treated as a virtual TTY device on the UC-7400 embedded computer. The standard Linux serial programming interface can be used to control this virtual TTY device node in the same way that a remote serial device is controlled.

UC-7400 Operating a MOXA 2G NPort in Real COM Mode
The Real COM Mode allows users to continue using RS-232/422/485 serial communications software that was written for pure serial communications applications. The 2G NPort Real TTY Driver Manager for UC-7400 intercepts data sent to the UC-7400’s tty port, packs it into a TCP/IP packet, and then redirects it through the Ethernet interface. At the other end of the connection, the Moxa NPort device server accepts the Ethernet frame from the UC-7400, unpacks  the TCP/IP packet, and then transparently sends it to the appropriate serial device attached to one of the Moxa Port serial ports.

Application Using 2G NPort Real TTY Device Manager with UC-7400
In the example shown above, the UC-7400 manages MOXA 2G NPort Device Servers remotely via a TCP/IP network. The voltmeter and ATM are connected to the NPort units via an RS-232 serial port. By running the Real TTY Driver  Manager on the MOXA UC-7400 embedded computer, data from the voltmeter and ATM can be converted to the TCP/IP network. The status of these remote serial devices can be seen easily from the MOXA UC-7400.

The MOXA 2G NPort Real TTY Driver Manager for UC-7400 gives programmers an easy means of expanding the number serial ports that UC-7400 can access, providing a complete solution for controlling serial devices.

Chapter 1 Software Installation

In this chapter, we describe the software installation and configuration of the UC-7400 embedded computer and the remote Moxa 2G NPort serial device server. Refer to the Check the Software Installation section to check whether the  software is properly installed on UC-7400. If the Real TTY Driver Manager has been installed, you can skip the Installation/Uninstallation topics, and go directly to the Configuration section to configure the port mapping on UC-7400.

Real TTY Driver Manager Setup
The installation and configuration methods are introduced in this section.

• Installation/Uninstallation
• Configuration
• Controlling remote serial ports on UC-7400

Installation/Uninstallation

1. The Real TTY Driver Manager is stored in tar.gz format. The UC-7400 Linux platform supports the tar utility, allowing you to unpack the file to the UC-7400. First, use FTP to upload the Real TTY Driver Manager software to the  UC-7400 /tmp directory.

2. Next, telnet to the UC-7400. The login name/password are root/root.
   

3. Next, untar the software by typing npreal2.tar.gz.
   

4. The untared file is extracted to the /tmp/npreal2 directory. Change to the /tmp/npreal2 directory and then call the mxinst program to install the software
   

5. If you want to uninstall the Real TTY Driver Manager from UC-7400, you need to change to the /tmp/npreal2 directory first, and then call the ./mxuninst program to uninstall the software.
   

Check the Software Installation

1. After installation, check if the following files are installed.
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/mxcfmat
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/mxmknod
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/mxdelsvr
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/mxrmnod
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/npreal2d
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/mxaddsvr
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/mxloadsvr
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/mxuninst
   /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/npreal2d.cf
   /lib/modules/2.4.18_mvl30-ixp425/kernel/drivers/serial/npreal2.o

2.  Check if following configuration files exist
   /etc/init.d/npreal2
   /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S97npreal2
   /etc/init.d/npreal2
   /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K97npreal2
   /etc/init.d/npreal2
   check if export PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/npreal2/driver is appended to /etc/profile.

3.  Type the following command to check if the module npreal2.o is loaded into kernel: $ lsmod
   

The Installation Software Package List
After you untar the file npreal2.tar.gz and install the software, the following programs and configuration files will be installed on UC-7400:

the format of the configuration file, npreal2d.cf.
in . Inkliod| /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/| This program is used by mxloadsvr to create the device nodes listed in npreal2d.cf.
in\I innod| /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/| This program is used by mxloadsvr to remove the device nodes listed in npreal2d.cf.
mxaddsvr| /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/| This program is used to add the port maps on UC-7400. Reference the section Mapping TTY Ports.
inxdelsvr| /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/| This program is used to remove the port maps on UC-7400. Refer to the section Remove Mapped TTY Ports.
mxloadsvr| /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/| This program is used by mxaddsvr/mxdelsvr to help create/remove the port map on UC-7400.
mxuninst| /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/| This program is used to uninstall the real tty device driver manager from UC-7400.
npreal2d.cf| /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/| This is to port mapping configuration file. Please do not modify this file directly. Use mxaddsvr and mxdelsvr to add or remove port maps from UC-7400. Refer to the sections Mapping TTY Ports and “Remove Mapped TTY Ports.
npreal2d| /usr/Iib/npreal2/driver/| The real tty daemon creates the connection between remote Moxa NPorts and the local tty device nodes. You can invoke the daemon by using npreal2d —t l& to start the daemon. The Moxa NPort real tty device driver manager will poll the Moxa NPort status every minute.
npreal2.o| /lib/modules/2.4.18_m v130-ixdp425/kernelldr ivers/serial/| These are the real tty device drivers. You can load the module into the Linux kernel by using mxloadsvr module or modprobe mxloadsvr.
profile| /etc/| check if export PATH=SPATH:/uselib/npreal2/driver is appended to /etc./profile
Name| Location| Description
---|---|---
npreal2| /etc/init.d/| Start/stop the real tty driver while the system is booting
up or shutting down
– /etc/init.d/npreal2 start
– /etc/init.d/npreal2 stop
S97npreal2| /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/| Starts the Moxa NPort real tty device driver manager while the system is booting up.
Link to /etc/init.d/npreal2
K97npreal2| /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/| Stops the Moxa NPort real tty device driver manager while the system is shutting down.
Link to /etc/init.cVnpreal2

Configuration
Before controlling the remote serial ports on UC-7400, you need to create a port mapping between the remote serial ports and the local tty port on the UC-7400. This configuration file must be located at /usr/lib/npreal2/driver/npreal2d.cf. When the Real TTY Device Manager is executing, it references the configuration file to manage the remote serial ports on UC. MOXA Real TTY Device Manager provides the following utilities to add or remove port mapping on UC-7400:

• mxaddsvr
• mxdelsvr

Configuring Moxa NPort for Real COM Mode
Before mapping tty ports, you must set the operation mode of the Moxa NPort to Real COM Mode.
In the following example, we use telnet to configure the operating mode of NPort 5210’s Port1 as Real COM mode.

After configuring the Moxa NPort to Real COM mode, we need to map the tty ports. Real TTY Device Manager provides two ways to map tty ports.

Mapping TTY ports
Mapping TTY ports automatically
After logging in as a super user, enter the directory /usr/lib/npreal2/driver and then execute mxaddsvr to map the target Moxa NPort serial port to the host tty ports. The syntax of mxaddsvr is:  mxaddsvr [NPort IP Address] [Total Ports] ([Data port] [Cmd port]) Example 1: Map two ports of the remote NPort (192.168.14.9) on UC’s /dev/ttyr00 and /dev/ttyr01

cd /usr/lib/npreal2/driver

./mxaddsvr 192.168.14.9 2

In Example 1, 16 tty ports are added, all with IP 192.168.3.4, but with data ports equal to (950, 951, …, 965), and command ports equal to (966, 967, 968, …, 981).
Example 2: Map two ports of remote Moxa NPort (192.168.14.9) on UC’s /dev/ttyr00 and /dev/ttyr01, the data ports are numbered from 4001, and the command ports are numbered from 966.

cd /usr/lib/npreal2/driver

./mxaddsvr 192.168.3.4 16 4001 966

In Example 2, 16 tty ports will be added, all with IP 192.168.3.4, but with data ports equal to (4001, 4002, …, 4016), and command ports equal to (966, 967, 968, …, 981).

Mapping TTY ports manually
After entering the directory /usr/lib/npreal2/driver, you can modify npreal2d.cf to map Moxa NPort serial ports to tty ports, and then execute mxloadsvr to activate the modifications.
The following tasks will be performed:
– Modify npreal2d.cf
– Create tty ports in the directory /dev with major & minor number configured in npreal2d.cf
– Stop and then restart the driver.

Remove Mapped TTY ports
Remove the mapped TTY ports automatically
After logging in as root, enter the directory /usr/lib/npreal2/driver and then execute mxdelsvr to delete a server. The syntax of mxdelsvr is: mxdelsvr [IP] Example: Remove the two port maps of the remote Moxa NPort (192.168.14.2)

cd /usr/lib/npreal2/driver

./mxdelsvr 192.168.14.2

If you don’t include the IP address in the command line, a numbered list of IP addresses for servers currently installed, along with the total number of ports for each server, will be listed on the screen. To remove the tty ports for a particular server, type the number next to the server’s IP address and then hit Enter. The following tasks will be performed:
– Modify the npreal2d.cf
– Remove the relevant tty ports in directory /dev
– Stop and then restart the driver.

Remove the mapped tty ports manually
After entering the directory /usr/lib/npreal2/driver, you can modify npreal2d.cf to delete servers and ports manually, and then execute mxloadsvr to activate the modifications.

Check the Port Mapping
Refer to the section Check the Software Installation to check if the installation is successful or not. Then you can follow these steps check whether the port mapping is successful.

• Check the network interface, ixp0 or ixp1, configurations
  – ifconfig

• After verifying the IP address configuration, add the port mapping between UC and Moxa
  NPort.
  For example,
  – mxaddsvr 192.168.14.9 2

• Read the configurations of /dev/ttyr00
  – stty -a < /dev/ttyr00
  Modify the baud rate of Moxa NPort serial port
  – stty 1200 < /dev/ttyr00

• Read the settings of /dev/ttyr00 after the baud rate is modified. If the baud rate is changed to 1200, this implies that you can configure the remote serial port.
  – stty -a < /dev/ttyr00
  You can also check the connection status with NPort Administrator, which can be downloaded from MOXA’s website.

Configuring the Remote Serial Ports on UC-7400

UC-7400 is an embedded Linux computing and communication platform. The remove serial port is mapped as a real tty port on UC-7400. We can use the Linux stty utility to change or print the terminal line setting of the remote serial ports on UC-7400.

• Print all current settings in /dev/ttyr00
  – stty -a < /dev/ttyr00

• Enable xon and set baud to 1200
  – stty ixon 1200 < /dev/ttyr00
  – stty -a < /dev/ttyr00
  For more information about the stty utility, read the stty man page.
  The mapped tty ports can also be controlled by the standard Linux serial programming interface.
  Appendix A lists all Linux Serial Programming API lists supported by Real TTY Device Manager.

Serial Programming API Support List

*ssize_t read(int fd, void buf, size_t count);**

*ssize_t write(int fd, const void buf, size_t count);**

int ioctl(int d, int request, …);

TIOCEXCL
TIOCNXCL
TIOCMGET
TIOCMSET
TIOCMBIS
TIOCMBIC
TCSBRK
TCSBRKP
TIOCGSOFTCAR
TIOCSSOFTCAR
TIOCGSERIAL
TIOCSSERIAL
TIOCSERGETLSR
TIOCMIWAIT
TCXONC
TCFLSH

Notes:

• If you want to set the tty as exclusive mode, do not use open( ) with O_EXCL flag. You should open the tty and then use the ioctl( ) with TIOCEXCL parameter to set the exclusive mode.
• The parameter of TCXONC ioctl command only supports TCOOFF and TCOON, which can be used to suspend/resume the output.
• TCGETA and TCSETA are not supported. Use the tcgetattr( ) and tcsetattr( ) as a substitution.
  ⇒Ex: ioctl(Pa.fd,TCSETA,&tio);→ tcsetattr(Pa.fd,TCSANOW,&tio);
  ⇒ Ex: ioctl(Pa.fd,TCGETA,&tio1);→  tcgetattr(Pa.fd,&tio1);

int select(int n, fd_set readfds, fd_set writefds, fd_set exceptfds, struct timeval timeout);

*int tcgetattr(int fd, struct termios termios_p);**

*int tcsetattr(int fd, int optional_actions, struct termios termios_p);**

BRKINT
IGNBRK
ISTRIP
INLCR
IGNCR
ICRNL
IUCLC
IXON (set with IXOFF)
IXOFF( set with IXON)
c_oflag
OPOST
OLCUC
ONLCR
OCRNL
ONLRET
c_cflag

CSIZE
CSTOPB
CREAD
PARENB
PARODD
HUPCL
CLOCAL
CRTSCTS
cIllau
ISIG
!CANON
ECHO
ECHOE
ECHOK
ECHONL
NOFLSH
IEXTEN
C. cc
VINTR
VQUIT
VERASE
VKILL
VEOF
VMIN
VEOL
VTIME
VLNEXT
int optional_actions
TCSANOW

Notes:

• c_iflag: IXON and IXOFF must be set together.

int tcsendbreak (int fd, int duration);

int tcflush (int fd, int queue_selector);

References

TTY_IOCTL:
http://annys.eines.info/cgi-bin/man/man2html?tty_ioctl+4
Serial Programming HOWTO:
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Serial-Programming-HOWTO/intro.html
Serial Programming Guide for POSIX System
http://digilander.libero.it/robang/rubrica/serial.htm#CONTENTS

References

• Serial Programming Guide for POSIX Operating Systems
• Moxa - Your Trusted Partner in Automation
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