TELEDYNE LECROY 40iX WavePulser High speed Interconnect Analyzer User Guide

40iX WavePulser High speed Interconnect Analyzer

WavePulser 40iX
High-speed Interconnect Analyzer
Getting Started Guide

700 Chestnut Ridge Road
Chestnut Ridge, NY 10977
1.800.5.LECROY • teledynelecroy.com
WavePulser 40iX
Getting Started Guide
© 2021 Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. All rights reserved.
Unauthorized duplication of Teledyne LeCroy documentation materials is strictly prohibited. Customers are permitted to duplicate and distribute Teledyne LeCroy documentation for internal educational purposes only.
WavePulser and Teledyne LeCroy are trademarks of Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. Other product or brand names are trademarks or requested trademarks of their respective holders. Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
933197-00 Rev A, April, 2021
Welcome
Thank you for buying a Teledyne LeCroy product. We’re certain you’ll be pleased with the detailed features unique to our instruments. This guide is intended to help you set up a WavePulser and learn some basic operating procedures, so you’re quickly making measurements.
See the WavePulser User Manual for detailed information on the operational features of the WavePulser. The manual installs with the WavePulser software and can be displayed by selecting Help > Contents from the WavePulser menu bar.

INTRODUCTION

Introducing WavePulser
WavePulser 40iX is the ideal single measurement tool for high-speed hardware designers and test engineers. The combination of S-parameters (frequency domain) and Impedance Profiles (time domain) in a single acquisition, with a deep toolbox for simulation, emulation, de-embedding and time-gating, provides unmatched characterization insight.
Designed for High Speed Interconnect Analysis
WavePulser is designed specifically for high-speed interconnect analysis.
It validates, debugs and troubleshoots interconnectivity issues in serial data cables, channels, connectors, vias, backplanes, printed-circuit boards, chip and SoC packages. It is simple to set up and use.
Internal, Automatic Calibration
WavePulser calibration standards are built-in (included in the standard unit) and calibration is always automated, simple and fast—make one connection to the DUT and press Go. WavePulser does not require the purchase of additional, external calibration standards. In fact,
WavePulser’s TDR/TDT-based approach is independent of setup, making calibration less likely.
Full-range DC to 40 GHz
WavePulser provides results to DC and extending to 40 GHz of bandwidth, so TDR step response and time-gated and/or emulated physical layer signal responses can avoid extrapolations for low-frequency and DC response—ideal for interconnect systems.
Key Specifications
Detailed specifications are on the product datasheet at teledynelecroy.com.

Rho
Calibration Method| Internal, automatic SOLT

Key Features

• S-parameters DC to 40 GHz, single- and mixed-mode
• Impedance Profile with <1 mm resolution, differential and common-mode
• Internal, automatic OSLT calibration
• USB-connected, small, lightweight
• Flexible measurement display
• Remove effects from fixtures, connectors and cables
• Emulate eye diagrams with CTLE, DFE and FFE equalization
• Advanced jitter analysis

WavePulser Approach
WavePulser uses time domain reflectometry to characterize a DUT’s electrical behavior by stimulating the DUT with impulses and measuring reflection and transmission. Once a measurement is configured, all phases proceed without any user intervention whatsoever.
This is accomplished using an internal switch matrix assembly that routes pulses to internally connected standards and to the front panel ports.
After acquiring calibrated measurements of the DUT, post-processing calculations are performed such as de-embedding, time-gating, etc. The post- processing calculations can even be reconfigured and new results calculated without the need for new measurement acquisitions.
SOLT Calibration Phase
In the calibration phase, pulses are routed to internal short, open, load, and thru standards while measurements are made of these standards. The measurements are processed along with measurements made at the factory to provide an internal self-calibration at the instrument ports.
TDR/TDT Measurement Phase
In the DUT measurement phase, pulses are routed out to the DUT through the front panel bulkhead connector and cables. Multiple acquisitions are taken with the DUT pulsed at each port.
S-parameter Calculation Phase
On the host PC, the WavePulser application uses algorithms to apply the calibration to the DUT measurements and to de-embed the instrument cables to provide calibrated DUT measurements at the DUT ports. In this phase, any further processing is performed, such as fixture and adapter de-embedding, time-gating and physicality enforcements.

SET UP

Safety
To maintain the instrument in a correct and safe condition, observe generally accepted safety practices in addition to the precautions specified here.
Symbols

| CAUTION of potential damage to equipment, or WARNING of potential bodily injury. Refer to manual. Do not proceed until the information is fully understood and conditions are met.
---|---
| WARNING. Risk of electric shock or burn.
| Electrostatic Discharge Warning.
| Frame or chassis terminal
| Alternating current
| Power On/Standby Power

Operating Environment

decreasing linearly to RH 50% at 40 °C
Altitude| Up to 10,000 ft (3,048 m) at or below 30 °C

Use indoors only.
Use only within the operational environment listed. Do not use in wet or explosive environments.
Power and Ground

AC Power| 100-240 VAC (±10%) at 50/60/400 Hz (±5%)
Automatic AC Voltage Selection
---|---
Consumption|
Maximum Operating| 40 W / 40 VA
Standby| 2 W / 2 VA

Use only the Power button to power down. Do not power down by switching off a connected battery/power strip or pulling the AC line cord from the outlet while the instrument is turned on.
CAUTION. In “Standby Power” mode the instrument is still connected to the AC supply. The only way to fully power down the instrument is to physically disconnect the power cord from the AC outlet. We recommend unplugging the instrument if it will remain unused for a long period of time
Use only the power cord shipped with the instrument and certified for the country of use.
The instrument is provided with a 10A/250V 18AWG rated grounded cord set containing a molded three-terminal polarized plug and a specific IEC-60320 (Type C13) connector for making line voltage and safety ground connections.
Maintain ground. The AC inlet ground is connected to the frame of the instrument. For adequate protection against shock, connect line cords only to outlets with safety ground contacts.
WARNING. Interrupting the protective conductor inside or outside the WavePulser, or disconnecting the safety ground terminal, creates a hazardous situation. Intentional interruption is prohibited.

ESD Precautions
CAUTION. The WavePulser is sensitive to damage by Electrostatic Discharge. Always wear the supplied grounding wrist strap and take standard ESD precautions when using the WavePulser.
Connect the strap to the ground terminal on the front of the WavePulser. CAUTION. Cables are capacitors. Always park the relays (p.11) and discharge the center conductor of the WavePulser cables to ground before connecting them to the WavePulser unit or the DUT. Failure to do so may result in electrical damage to the pulser/ samplers that is not warrantable. Do not connect or disconnect cables during measurements or TDR/TDT acquisitions when the relays are engaged. General Precautions
Connect and disconnect cables properly. Turn only the nut on the cable connector to tighten/loosen cables, do not rotate the pins.
Do not remove the covers or inside parts. Refer all maintenance to qualified service personnel.
Use only as intended by manufacturer.
Do not operate with suspected failures. Check the unit and cables regularly. If any part is damaged, or you suspect the protections haved been impaired, cease operation immediately and secure the instrument from inadvertent use.
Cleaning
Keep product surfaces clean and dry. Follow instructions on p.32.
Cooling
The instrument relies on forced air cooling with an internal fan and ventilation openings. An internal fan control circuit regulates the fan speed based on the ambient temperature. This is performed automatically after start- up with no manual intervention required.
Care must be taken to avoid restricting the airflow around the openings at the side and rear of the instrument.
Do not block the cooling vents. Leave a minimum four-inch gap (10 cm) between the instrument and the nearest object. Do not allow foreign matter to enter through the vents.
Calibration
The recommended factory calibration interval is one year. Calibration should be performed by qualified personnel only. See p.33 for instructions on returning the instrument to Teledyne LeCroy Service.

WavePulser Hardware
Front View A. Power On/Standby Power Button
B. Port 1 – Port 4 Connectors
C. Ground Terminal
Rear View D. USBTMC Port
E. AC Power Inlet

Cables
The WavePulser ships with high-phase stability cables that are calibrated and serialized to the WavePulser unit, along with the S-parameter files for de- embedding each cable. The cables utilize 2.92 mm K connectors.
The connector head on the end of the cable to be connected to the  WavePulser has a colored band matching the color of the port to which itis calibrated. Always be sure to connect the cable to the matching port so that the proper S-parameter file is used to de-embed the cable. See p.10.
We recommend leaving the cables attached once connected to the WavePulser; there is no need to remove them when not in use.
CAUTION. Cap exposed cable connectors with the supplied end caps to keep them clean when not in use.
SI Kit (Optional)
The SI Kit is delivered with the WavePulser-40iX-Bundle or may be purchased as an optional accessory. This option enables the Signal Integrity Studio (SI Studio) tools within the WavePulser application.
The SI Kit also includes:

• USB license key for standalone use when disconnected from WavePulser
• Multi wrench
• 4 female-female cable adapters
• OSLT Cal Kit for performing the User 2nd-tier Calibration procedure
• Torque wrench

System Set Up
The WavePulser system consists of the WavePulser unit, cables and application host computer. Fully assembled WavePulser system connected to DUT
Host System Requirements
The WavePulser application host PC must meet the following requirements:

• x64 Windows® 10 Pro operating system
• 2.4 GHz or higher processor
• 4 GB or more RAM
• 2 GB or more free HDD space for the installed application
• Minimum 1280×780 pixel display, 1920×1080 recommended
• Minimum USB 2.0 high-speed port, USB 3.0 recommended

Install WavePulser Software

1. Visit teledynelecroy.com/support/softwaredownload and click the link to WavePulser Downloads > WavePulser Software.
2. Enter the required model information and account login to download the installer for your operating system. If you don’t yet have an account, create one now.
3. On the host PC, unzip the installer and double-click WavePulserInstallerxx.exe to launch the WavePulser Setup Wizard.
4. Follow the wizard prompts. We recommend taking the full installation. At minimum, you will need the WavePulser application and the drivers.
5. When installation is complete, reboot.
6. Follow with the initialization procedure.

CAUTION. The installation may take several minutes and appear to stop at points. Do not power down the host at any point during the installation process. Do not connect the WavePulser to the host prior to software installation.

Initialize the System

1. Connect the WavePulser to a grounded AC power outlet.
2. With the host PC on, connect the WavePulser to the host using the provided USB cable.
3. Press the WavePulser Power On button.
4. Wait approximately 10 seconds for Windows to detect the new hardware and load the necessary device drivers.
5. On the host PC, double-click the Start WavePulser desktop icon or use the Windows Start menu to launch the WavePulser application.

If you see “No Hardware Detected,” you may have launched before the drivers finished loading. Repeat initialization.
Leave the USB cord connected during use, and exit the application before shutting down the unit. If you do disconnect or power down the WavePulser with the application still open, close the application and repeat initialization.
The application will not automatically reconnect if the connection is lost.
CAUTION. Turn off Sleep or Hibernate power settings while using the WavePulser. Interrupting the connection from the WavePulser to the host PC during operation may cause system failure.
Run SelfTest
After initializing, run SelfTest to ensure there are no missing calibration files or other errors.

1. Pess the Setup button on the WavePulser menu bar.
2. Open the Instrument Setup dialog and select Run SelfTest.
3. If you are alerted to any errors, click SelfTest Log and review the findings.

If necessary, contact Teledyne LeCroy Customer Support to resolve errors.

WavePulser Folder Structure
The WavePulser application installs folders for calibration and data files on the host PC in C:\LeCroy\WavePulser. Following are key subfolders:
\Adapters, \Cables and \Fixtures store .SNP files used for de-embedding.
Files for the supplied cables are copied to \Cables during initialization.
\Applications store s files generated by SI Studio applications.
\CustomDSO stores scripts defining custom math or measurements. The installed files are examples.
\Documentation contains the WavePulser User Manual.
\Gating stores 2-por t Gating Elements that are saved when applying impedance peeling or port extension to shift the measurement reference plane inside the DUT.
\HardCopy stores image files (.JPG, .PNG, etc.) saved using Print.
\Measurements stores .ZIP files saved using Save Measurement.
\Results stores .SNP files saved by the WavePulser application. May also be used to store Touchstone files to be imported into WavePulser.
\Scripts stores scripts used by the application.
\SecondTierCalibratio n stores factory 2nd-tier calibration files (.L12T).
\Setups stores . LSS configuration files, both most recent state (Current*) which is reloaded at startup, and those saved using Save Setup.
\Tables stores .TXT or .CSV files of saved table data.
\User Calibratio n stores manual and second-tier calibration files created by users.
\Waveforms stores . TRC files of saved waveform data.

Connecting Cables
Proper Handling of Cables

• Always use the supplied grounding wrist strap when handling cables to avoid ESD damage.
• Discharge cables before connecting them to the WavePulser or DUT.
• Use the proper adapter when connecting cables to DUTs, or when connecting other than the supplied cables to the WavePulser.
• Do not excessively bend or apply force to the sides of the cables.
• Do not step on, kink or deform cables in any way, as they are integral to good measurement results.
• Keep cable connector heads clean. Cover the connectors with the provided end caps when not in use.

Relay Parking
The WavePulser switch matrix relays are “parked” by default, meaning the internal pulser/sampers are disconnected from the output, and the output presents a 50 Ohm load that can deal with any ESD event. The relays reengage when you initiate an acquisition.
Before connecting/disconnecting cables, always go to WavePulser Setup > Instrument Setup and click Park Relays to ensure the relays are parked.
This will protect the pulser/samplers from ESD damage. Connecting to WavePulser

1. Attach the color-coded connector to the matching color port on the WavePulser. Press the cable straight into the port, then turn the silver nut on the connector until it is finger tight.
2. Use a torque wrench to secure the connection. Apply 12 in•lb of torque.

CAUTION. Do not rotate the connector itself to secure the connection. Doing so can damage the pin in the head.
We recommend that once attached the cables remain on the WavePulser unit. There is no need to remove them when not in use.
Confirming Cable De-embedding
During installation, .S2P files for de-embedding the cables are transferred from the WavePulser SD card to the host application. To confirm that the correct files have been copied to the correct fields:

1. Go to WavePulser Setup > Instrument Setup.
2. Make sure De-embed Cables is checked.
3. Confirm that the .S2P file in Port1 – Port4 matches the serial number of the cable connected to that port, which appears on the DUT-end of the cable. If not, browse to and select the correct file.

Connecting to DUT
Attach the free ends of the cables to the DUT, using adapters if required.
Take care to not rotate the connector head, only turn the nut to tighten.
To simplify software configuration and standardize S-parameter files:

• Connect single-ended cables to the same number port on the WavePulser as on the DUT.
• Follow the convention of attaching differential output to 1 and 2, and common mode to 3 and 4.

If you must change the port ordering due to physical limitations, or have done so accidentally when connecting cables, the port assignments can be corrected in the software. See p.15.
Using Other Cables
Additional steps must be taken to use cables other than those supplied with the WavePulser. See p.35.
CAUTION. Never connect male SMA cables directly to the 2.92 mm K inputs on the front of the WavePulser.

BASICS

WavePulser Application Window
The WavePulser application user interface contains these prinicpal elements: A. Menu Bar
B. Action Buttons
C. Grid
D. Cursors
E. Level Indicators
F. Time/Frequency Indicators
G. Trace Descriptor Boxes
H. Setup Dialogs

A drop-down menu bar lets you access set up dialogs and other functions.
If an action can be “undone” (such as a zoom), a small Undo button appears at the far right of the menu bar. Click this to return to the previous configuration.
Action buttons on the menu bar execute the measurement sequence:
Open main Setup dialog to reconfigure measurement
Initiate sequencer at next required phase
Initiate in Continuous mode, starting next measurement immediately after the last is complete
Stop sequencer and return to idle state
Recalculate S-parameters (after reconfiguring)
The grid displays the Result traces and other types of traces you choose to create, such as Zoom, Memory or Math traces. It can be configured to show different grid modes. The graticule scale is shown along the axes.
Trace Level and Time/Frequency indicators appear at the edge of the grid, color-coded to match the corresponding trace. Drag indicators up/ down or left/right to reposition the trace. Trace descriptor boxes appear along the bottom of the grid, one for each open trace. They adjust in size and detail as more are opened. See the WavePulser User Manual for a description of what the different trace descriptor boxes show.
Cursors show where measurement points have been set on traces. Drag cursor indicators to quickly reposition the measurement point. Cursor readouts appear on the trace descriptor box and below the grid. Dialogs appear at the bottom of the display for entering data. The initial, collapsed view shows the required settings. Click the + symbol to expand the dialog and see optional settings.

Basic Configuration
The Setup dialog contains all the basic settings required for making any type of meaurement. See the WavePulser User Manual for detailed instructions on ,using these settings. Choose Setup from the menu bar to open the dialog.

Set Up Acquisition
It is important to set a sufficiently long acquisition so that there is time enough for the response to die to zero before the next pulse is sent. If any energy is left in the signal path, or the impulse response is cut off, the resulting S-parameters will be incorrect.
In End Freq, enter what is to be the last frequency point in the output S-parameter file.
Enter the Num(ber of) Points in S-parameter files and Result traces.
Note: Num Points+1 is the total number of sample points in the Result traces and number of data points in the output S-parameter files. The first point is DC and the last the End Freq.
As you modify the End Freq and Num Points, you’ll notice the values for Delta Freq and Time Length change. The goal is for the impulse response to fit into the calculated Time Length. This is especially important if you will be using the results for simulation. The general rule is: Time Length = 1/Delta Freq x 2
The Acquisition Length is equivalent to the Pulser Rep Period, or 1/Pulser Rep Rate. The impulse response of a system must be less than that number, or time aliasing will occur. A good rule of thumb is to select a number at least 5X the electrical length of the channel, although 2X is acceptable if the channel is lossy. Use the shortest number you can. Configure Ports
If you’ve connected single-ended inputs to the same number port on the WavePulser as on the DUT (1 to 1, 2 to 2, etc.), and none of the ports have been skipped, you need only enter the Num(ber of) Ports in use.
If you wish to calculate mixed-mode S-parameters or change any port assignments, click + to expand, then check Enable and click Configure.
Single-ended
In the Port Configuration window, click Config DUT and specify the number of ports on each side of the DUT. Working outward, map WavePulser Port number (blue) to User/DUT Port number (green) to Touchstone File Line number (yellow). The table bottom left shows how the output file will be ordered.
If any ports are not used, or you wish to omit the line from the Touchstone file, choose X in the corresponding block. Single-ended configuration switching WavePulser port and DUT port numbers
Mixed-mode
Mixed-mode configuration differs from single-ended only in that you must map physical ports to each side of the differential pairs. Click Config and choose differential to “merge” the green DUT blocks, then select which number differential pair this is called on the display and in the output file.
If you wish to remove either the Common Mode or Differential Mode values from the output file, choose X in the yellow block. Mixed-mode configuration of differential pairs
Choose Accuracy
Choose an Accuracy setting from the Sequence Control section of the Setup dialog. The Accuracy determines the time of pulsing-sampling in seconds and hence the number of waveforms averaged during each phase of the measurement process. Increasing Accuracy will increase dynamic range, but also the time required to measure. The system performs 5000 pulses per second of acquisition. The expected time to results is displayed on the dialog.
First, perform a brief Preview acquisition and view the impedance profile to ensure that your settings are producing the expected waveforms, then acquire in Normal for measuring. Reserve Extra and Custom for when you need very high dynamic range (e.g., measuring Crosstalk).
Calibration files are reused until policy dictates, and DUT waveforms until Acquisition Length, Num Ports or Accuracy changes. If you want to acquire a fresh set of files before measuring, click Clear Cal or Clear DUT.
Initiate Sequencer
When your setup is complete, initiate the sequencer by clicking the Go button on the Setup dialog or on the menu bar.
**** Do not connect/disconnect the DUT during measurements.

Advanced Configuration
The following settings are optional. If your test setup calls for them, click the + button to expand the Setup dialog. You can apply these settings following acquisition, then just Recalculate the results. See the WavePulser User Manual for more information on using these features.
Physicality
You can choose to Enforce Passivity, Reciprocity, or Causality in the results. The software adjusts for these during the calculation phase, eliminating the need for post-processing. Limit Impulse Response can help remove noise by removing unnecessary effects. Use the same rule as for determining Time Length to choose an impulse response time limit.
Adapter/Fixture De-embedding
If you wish to de-embed any cable adapters or fixtures in use, select the types of de-embedding to apply, then Browse to and select the .SNP files to use. Copy files to: C:\LeCroy\WavePulser\Adapters or \Fixtures
Custom Calibration
The default policy Recalibrate Periodically every 20 min. is sufficient for warranted performance, but you can change the calibration interval or policy. Auto calibration uses the internal switch matrix and standards.
If you wish to used saved calibration data or are using the external Cal Kit, click the Calibration button and set up Manual calibration. User and Factory Second Tier calibrations can be added to the base calibration.
Result Actions
On completion of the measurement sequence, the WavePulser can execute preset actions, such as saving the S-parameters to a Touchstone file. Click the Result Actions button to make selections. See p.23.
Reference Plane Gating
Click the Gating button to change the S-parameter reference plane via port extension or by applying a peeling algorithm.
Join Preferences
Click View Join Preferences to set rules about how S-parameter traces (Sn and Rn) are joined so that they rescale (“zoom”) together. Viewing TDR/TDT Waveforms
Raw, uncalibrated TDR/TDT waveforms can be acquired and displayed as either an impulse response or step response for a crude impedance profile.
Because they respond quickly to manipulation of the DUT, TDR/TDT traces are also useful for checking signal integrity at different points on the circuit.
Turn Pulse On for each port to which to send the pulse, then turn Trace On for each port from which you wish to view the response.
** The pulser/samplers are extremely sensitive to ESD damage. Park relays and do not begin acquisition until cables are fully connected. Do not leave TDR/TDT acquisitions running when connecting/disconnecting devices from the ports. Viewing Frequency Domain Results**
Using the measurements calculated from the calibrated TDR/TDT waveforms, the WavePulser application generates Result traces (Sn), which plot a single S-parameter measurement. Result traces can be analyzed with standard tools such as Cursors, Measure and Math, or used as inputs to SI Studio. Go to WavePulser Setup > Result Display. Next to each trace you wish to display, check On, then select the S-parameter and Result to view. Frequency results Magnitude in Decibels, Magnitude as Amplitude/Attentuation, Real Component, Imaginary Component, Phase in Degrees, Phase in Radians

Viewing Time Domain Results
Time domain results are displayed using the same procedure as for frequency domain results. Optionally, click the Config button to smooth the trace by increasing rise time or applying SinX/X upsampling, or to change the x-axis units from Time to Distance. Time results Impedance Profile, Step Response, Impulse Response, and Rho.
Viewing the Smith Chart
You can display an Admittance Smith Chart of any two calculated or imported S-parameters simply by selecting them from the Smith Chart dialog. Optionally, modify the chart by changing the frequency range plotted (the full range of the last measurement is the default), or display Result traces alongside the Smith Chart by changing the Smith Chart Display selection. Calculating Loss (Delta-L)
The Delta-L feature applies the Intel® Delta-L loss characterization method to calculate loss (in dB) per unit length of a PCB trace without calibrating at the end of probe tips. It can be calculated from a new acquisition or saved S-parameters. Simply enter the electrical lengthof the DUT and the frequencies at which to calculate.

Result Actions
Various actions can be preconfigured to occur automatically upon the completion of a measurement sequence and/or recalculation, such as saving the latest S-parameters to a Touchstone file and emailing them. On the Result Actions dialog, check Enable Actions, then choose all the actions you would like. This is also where you specify the output SParam Filename and path, and any Email Recipient, Subject and Body. Importing S-Parameters
You can import external S-parameters on the SParam Import dialog and view the S-parameters as different Result traces, only in this case, the traces are labeled Rn on the display. Browse to and select the Touchstone file, then follow the same procedure as for  displaying internal results (p.18-19). Import files should be in Touchstone 1.1 format, the same in which the WavePulser saves files. See p.35.
Once imported, Touchstone files can be converted from single-ended to mixed- mode (or vice versa) or given a new port ordering using the same port configuration tools as for internally generated S-parameters (p.15). The conversion can then be saved to a new Touchstone file. Exporting S-Parameters
The Touchstone files are saved in the Magnitude and Frequency Format selected on the SParam Export dialog. The default format is Magnitude/Angle in MHz. You can also use this dialog to save the latest calculated S-parameters on demand.
Saving/Recalling Other Data
Use the File menu to save and recall other data than S-parameters.
Measurements
All configurations, calibration files, TDR/TDT waveforms, calculated S-parameters, Result traces, plus a screen capture of the display can be saved to a single .ZIP file by choosing File > Save Measurement.
Choosing File > Recall Measurement will restore the measurement in the state it was saved. You can then modify settings and recalculate S-parameters, or continue viewing and analyzing Result traces.
Files are saved in C:\LeCroy\WavePulser\Measurements.
Waveforms, Setups and Table Data
The current WavePulser configuration can be saved to internal setup panels or external setup (.LSS) files and later recalled.
Waveform data can be saved to trace (.TRC) files and later recalled into memories to restore the waveform display to the screen.
Table data (such as measurements) can be saved to either ASCII (.TXT) or Excel (.CSV) files. When multiple waveforms or tables are displayed, the All Displayed option saves them to separate, autonamed files.
See the WavePulser User Manual for instructions.
Print
Print captures an image of the screen, which is then handled according to your selection. Go to File > Print Setup to make the selection: Choose File > Print from the menu bar to capture.

Working With Result Traces

Trace Descriptor Boxes
Descriptor boxes appear along the bottom of the grid area when a trace is turned on, summarizing the current settings of the traces they represent.
They are color-coded to the trace. Clicking the descriptor box is a shortcut to the rescale dialog for that trace.
Although several traces may be open and appear on the display, only one at a time is active. Click on the trace or in the trace descriptor box to activate the trace and bring it to the foreground. The active trace descriptor box appears highlighted in blue.
Repositioning Traces
You can move traces to different grids by dragging the descriptor box to the desired grid. Several traces can be combined on one grid.
Traces can be repositioned within the grid (new Center setting) by clicking and dragging the trace itself or the zero level indicators on the axes.
When several traces appear on the same grid, color-coded grid axis labels apply to the foreground trace until another on the same grid is activated. Yellow axis labels match active S1 descriptor box. Staggered zero frequency indicators (triangles) show the traces have different center scale.
Trace Rescale Dialog
Each trace has a corresponding subdialog with a set of zoom factor controls to the far right of the main dialog. Depending on the trace type, you can change scale by specifying either the Horizontal Start/Stop and Vertical Top/Bottom values, or the axis Center and Scale/div. As a trace is activated, its rescale dialog is moved to the top of the stack. Trace Action Buttons
Buttons along the bottom of the rescale dialog let you quickly store the trace to memory, move the trace to the next grid, or apply a custom label.
Zooming Traces
Zooming allows you to “zoom in” on waveform details or “zoom out” to see a greater span of acquisition. There are two principal ways to zoom a trace.

Rectangle Zoom
Click-and-drag diagonally to draw a rectangle around the part of the source trace you wish to “zoom in” on, then choose the same trace as the destination. The horizontal region within the box is centered and expanded to the full width of the grid, while the vertical region is rescaled proportionally.
Use the zoom factor controls on the trace rescale dialog to make exact center and scale adjustments. New Zoom Trace
Zoom traces (Zn) display a magnified portion of another trace. Any trace can be zoomed, allowing you to see the source at the same time as the Zoom “close up.” Zooms can be manipulated and analyzed, same as other traces. Either draw a zoom rectangle over the source trace and choose a new Zn destination, or choose Math > Zoom Setup and select the Source on one of the Zn tabs. Use the zoom factor controls to adjust center and scale The Zn descriptor box shows the source trace and the new zoom scale. Changing the Display
To modify the WavePulser application display, choose Display > Display Setup from the menu bar and make your selections from the Display dialog.
The window can be configured contain multiple grids, each showing the full number of Vertical levels. Auto grid mode adds a grid as each new trace is turned on. Other grid modes create a fixed number and orientation of grids; the icon shows the result. Grid Intensity makes the grid lines dimmer or brighter relative to the trace.
The trace style can be set to a continuous vector Line or a series of separate sample Points.
When more data is available than can actually be displayed, Trace Intensity helps to visualize significant events by applying an algorithm that dims samples that occur less often than the given percent of time. Cursors
Cursors set measurement points on the Vertical or Horizontal axis of a trace. Not only can you choose the type of cursor to apply, you can choose which set of values are displayed for each cursor position. Cursor types are described in more detail in the WavePulser User Manual. Click Cursors on the menu bar to select. Horizontal Relative readout on the descriptor boxes showing both absolute and relative y-axis values where cursors X1 and X2 intersect the trace, and x-axis positions of X1 and X2 below the grid.

Measurements and Statistics

Measurements are waveform parameters that can be expressed as numerical values, such as amplitude or frequency. You can measure up-to-eight parameters on various traces and view the active readout in a table below the grid. Statistics can be added to the readout, along with histicons, a miniature histogram of the statistical distribution. You can also gate measurements to limit them to a specific region of the trace, or plot a histogram, trend or track of the measurement.
Measure > Measure Setup opens the Measure dialogs. Math
Math creates a new Function (Fn trace) that displays the result of applying a mathematical operation (e.g., Sum, Product, FFT) to one or more source traces. The Fn trace always opens in a separate grid from the source and can be viewed alongside it. The result of math is always another waveform trace, whereas the result of measurement is a number.
Math > Math Setup opens the Math dialogs. Memories (Reference Waveforms)
Memories are traces stored for reference that can be individually recalled to the display (unlike a saved measurement, which restores all traces). To store a new Memory, click the Store button on the trace dialog, or choose Math > Memory Setup and copy the source on one of the Mn dialogs.
To recall a Memory, check On next to M1-M12 on the main Memories dialog. A recalled Memory can be analyzed like any other trace. Note: Memories persist only until overwritten by another Memory. To store Memories indefinitely, save them to a trace (.TRC) file by choosing File > Save Waveform. The trace file can later be recalled into one of the internal Memories for viewing by choosing File > Recall Waveform. Only Memories saved with the .TRC extension can be recalled.
Pass/Fail Testing
Pass/Fail testing enables you to define a set of queries (rules) comparing a trace to mask a region, or comparing a measurement to an arbitrary limit or second measurement, and immediately see whether it “passed” or “failed” the test through both a tabular readout and colored display markers. You can preset various actions to occur automatically depending on the outcome of the test. Choose Analysis > Pass/Fail Setup to define queries. Using SI Studio with WavePulser
Signal Integrity Studio (SI Studio) adds three, fully integrated applications to the WavePulser toolkit: a Signal Generator, Eye Doctor II channel emulator/equalizer, and SDA eye and jitter analysis. S-parameters acquired with the WavePulser (or with other  devices) can be input to SI Studio for complete analysis of the signal integrity of a channel. SI Studio is included with the WavePulser-40iX-Bundle and WavePulser-40iX-SI-Kit.

Activating SI Studio
When you purchase the WavePulser-40iX-Bundle, SI Studio is activated whenever the WavePulser is connected to the host PC.
To use SI Studio when the host PC is disconnected from the WavePulser standalone mode), insert the USB license key included with the SI Kit into a port on the host. Once activated, the SI Studio menu is enabled on the WavePulser menu bar. Note: If you do not see these selections, you may need to add a software license key to activate SI Studio. Contact your Teledyne LeCroy representative for instructions.
Signal Generator
The Signal Generator allows you to simulate up-to-four “channels” of input, SimC1 – SimC4, that may be used with Eye Doctor II or SDA for “what if” analysis of your channel. Signals may be configured with custom noise, asymmetry, jitter and data features. Eye Doctor II Channel Emulator/Equalizer
Eye Doctor II is a complete set of signal integrity tools performing the full- range of de-embedding, emulation and equalization, with little impact on waveform processing time. Results are fully integrated with the other SI Studio tools, making Signal Generator  signals available for Eye Doctor processing, and Eye Doctor outputs available for further analysis using the deep SDA toolbox. Serial Data Analysis Software (SDA)
Serial Data Analysis software provides comprehensive measurement capabilities for evaluating high-speed serial data signals. Signal Integrity Studio includes the full suite of SDA II single-lane eye and jitter analysis capabilites.

MAINTENANCE’

Cleaning
Clean the outside of the WavePulser using a soft cloth moistened with water or isopropyl alcohol solution. Do not use harsh or abrasive cleansers. Dry thoroughly before using. Do not submerge the instrument or allow moisture to penetrate it.
CAUTION. To avoid electric shock, unplug the WavePulser before cleaning it. Do not attempt to clean internal parts.
Regularly remove the cables and clean the connector heads with an alcohol solution to remove any dirt from handling. Dry them thoroughly before reconnecting. Keep exposed cable connectors and the WavePulser ports covered with the supplied end caps when not in use. Any dirt that accumulates in the connector heads will impair measurements.
CAUTION. Do not clean cable connectors while attached to the WavePulser.
Software Updates
Free updates are available periodically from the Teledyne LeCroy website at teledynelecroy.com/support/softwaredownload. Registered users will receive email notification when a new update is released.

1. Visit the software download page at the URL above and click the link to WavePulser Downloads > WavePulser Software.
2.  Enter the required model information and account login. If you don’t yet have an account, create one now.
3.  Follow the instructions to save the installer to a location on the host.
4. Close the WavePulser application.
5. Shut down the WavePulser unit and disconnect it from the PC.
6. Unzip the installer file and double-click WavePulserInstallerxx.exe to launch the WavePulser Setup Wizard.
7. Follow the wizard prompts. We recommend taking the full installation. At minimum, you will need the WavePulser application and the drivers.
8. When installation is complete, power down the host and repeat the initialization procedure on p.8.

CAUTION. The installation may take several minutes, depending on the length of time since your last update. Do not power down the host at any point during the installation process.

Service
If the WavePulser cannot be serviced on location, contact your service center for a Return Material Authorization (RMA) code and instructions where to ship the product. All products returned to the factory must have an RMA.
Return shipments must be prepaid. Teledyne LeCroy cannot accept COD or Collect shipments. We recommend air freighting. Insure the item you’re returning for at least the replacement cost.
Follow these steps for a smooth product return.

1. Remove all accessories from the instrument.

2. Label the unit with:
   • The RMA
   • Name and address of the owner
   • Description of failure or requisite service.

3. Pack the unit in its original shipping box, or an equivalent carton with adequate padding to avoid damage in transit. Do not include the manual.

4. Mark the outside of the box with the shipping address. Be sure to add:
   • ATTN:
   • FRAGILE

5. If returning a product to a different country: contact Teledyne LeCroy Service for instructions on completing your import/export documents.

Service Plans
Extended warranty, calibration and upgrade plans are available for purchase. Contact your Teledyne LeCroy sales representative or customersupport@teledynelecroy.com to purchase a service plan.
Service Centers
For a complete list of Teledyne LeCroy offices by country, including our sales and distribution partners, visit: teledynelecroy.com/support/contact
Teledyne LeCroy
700 Chestnut Ridge Road
Chestnut Ridge, NY, 10977, USA
teledynelecroy.com
Sales and Service:
Ph: 800-553-2769 / 845-425-2000
FAX: 845-578-5985
contact.corp@teledynelecroy.com
Support:
Ph: 800-553-2769
customersupport@teledynelecroy.com

Support
Documentation
The software installs with the WavePulser User Manual. This PDF containsmore extensive operating procedures than are found here. Choose Help > Contents or use the Windows Start menu to display it.
Teledyne LeCroy publishes a free Technical Library on its website at teledynelecroy.com/support/techlib. Manuals, tutorials, application notes, white papers, and videos are available to help you get the most out of your Teledyne LeCroy products. The user manual can also be downloaded from the Technical Library under Manuals.
The Datasheet published on the product page contains the detailed product specifications.
Technical Support
Registered users can contact their local Teledyne LeCroy service center to make Technical Support requests by phone or email. For a complete list of offices, visit teledynelecroy.com/support/contact.
You can also submit Technical Support requests via the website at teledynelecroy.com/support/techhelp.

Warranty

NOTE: THE WARRANTY BELOW REPLACES ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS, OR ADEQUACY FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE. TELEDYNE LECROY SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR OTHERWISE. THE CUSTOMER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE TRANSPORTATION AND INSURANCE CHARGES FOR THE RETURN OF PRODUCTS TO THE SERVICE FACILITY. TELEDYNE LECROY WILL RETURN ALL PRODUCTS UNDER WARRANTY WITH TRANSPORT PREPAID.
The product is warranted for normal use and operation, within specifications, for a period of three years from shipment. Teledyne LeCroy will either repair or, at our option, replace any product returned to one of our authorized service centers within this period. However, in order to do this we must first examine the product and find that it is defective due to workmanship or materials and not due to misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions or operation.
Teledyne LeCroy shall not be responsible for any defect, damage, or failure caused by any of the following: a) attempted repairs or installations by personnel other than Teledyne LeCroy representatives; b) improper connection to incompatible equipment; or c) for any damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Teledyne LeCroy supplies. Furthermore, Teledyne LeCroy shall not be obligated to service a product that has been modified or integrated where the modification or integration increases the task duration
or difficulty of servicing the instrument. Spare and replacement parts, and repairs, all have a 90-day warranty.
The instrument’s firmware has been thoroughly tested and is presumed to be functional. Nevertheless, it is supplied without warranty of any kind covering detailed performance. Products not made by Teledyne LeCroy are covered solely by the original  manufacturer’s warranty.

REFERENCE

Touchstone File Format
S-parameter files saved by the WavePulser are in Touchstone 1.1 format.
To use other S-parameter files with WavePulser or SI Studio software:

• The file extension must be in the form .SNP where N is the number of ports in the device (e.g., 2-port file with extension .S2P).

• Lines cannot be longer than 2000 characters.

• Lines beginning with ! are comment lines. Comments must be at the front of the file. No comments are allowed once the frequencies and S-parameter values start.

• There should be at least one line beginning with the # character that contains tokens indicating frequency unit and form.
  Valid frequency tokens are: Hz, MHz and GHz
  Valid form tokens are: MA (magnitude/angle), RI (real/imaginary) and DB (magnitude in decibels/angle in degrees)
  If the above tokens are not found, the frequencies are assumed to be in MHz and the S-parameters in magnitude/angle form.

• All S-parameters are assumed to be 50 Ohm impedance. Tokens for characteristic impedance (R Z0) are ignored.

• Except for 2-port S-parameters, the S-parameters for each frequency are to be listed as: [frequency] (S11) (S12) …(S1N)(S21) (S22) … (S2N) … (SN1) (SN2) … (SNN) where N is the number of ports dictated by the file extension.
  2-port S-parameters are to be listed according to the standard as: [frequency] (S11) (S21) (S12) (S22)

• All frequencies are assumed to go from the first frequency listed to the last frequency listed with constant frequency spacing.

Operational Notes
Using Other Cables
If you use any other than the supplied cables, you must:

• Provide the .S2P files to de-embed the cables. Copy the files to C:\LeCroy\WavePulser\Cables and select the file corresponding to the cable connected to each port on the Instrument Setup dialog.
• Perform the User 2nd-tier Calibration procedure documented in the WavePulser User Manual. The use of the correct 2nd-tier Calibration files will remove any skew or drift in the signal paths when acquiring. On the WavePulser Setup Calibration dialog, check User 2nd-tier Calibration and select the correct .L12T file to apply.

See the WavePulser User Manual for further instructions.
Certifications
Teledyne LeCroy certifies compliance to the following standards as of the time of publication. Please see the EC Declaration of Conformity document shipped with your product for current certifications.
EMC Compliance
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY – EM C
The instrument meets intent of EC Directive 2014/30/EU for ElectromagneticCompatibility. Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications listed in the Official Journal of the European Communities:
EN 61326-1:2013, EN 61326-2-1:2013 EMC requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use.
Electromagnetic Emissions:
EN 55011:2010, Radiated and Conducted Emissions Group 1, Class A2 3
EN 61000-3-2/A2:2009 Harmonic Current Emissions, Class A
EN 61000-3-3:2008 Voltage Fluctuations and Flickers, Pst = 1
Electromagnetic Immunity:
EN 61000-4-2:2009 Electrostatic Discharge, 4 kV contact, 8 kV air, 4 kV
vertical/horizontal coupling planes4
EN 61000-4-3/A2:2010 RF Radiated Electromagnetic Field, 3 V/m,
80-1000 MHz; 3 V/m, 1400 MHz – 2 GHz; 1 V/m, 2 GHz – 2.7 GHz
EN 61000-4-4/A1:2010 Electrical Fast Transient/Burst, 1 kV on power
supply lines, 0.5 kV on I/O signal data and control lines4
EN 61000-4-5:2006 Power Line Surge, 1 kV AC Mains, L-N, L-PE, N-PE4
EN 61000-4-6:2009 RF Conducted Electromagnetic Field, 3 Vrms, 0.15 MHz – 80 MHz
EN 61000-4-11:2004 Mains Dips and Interruptions, 0%/1 cycle, 70%/25 cycles, 0%/250 cycles4 5

1. To ensure compliance with all applicable EMC standards, use high-quality shielded interface cables.
2. Emissions which exceed the levels required by this standard may occur when the instrument is connected to a test object.
3. This product is intended for use in nonresidential areas only. Use in residential areas may cause electromagnetic interference.
4. Meets Performance Criteria “B” limits of the respective standard: during the disturbance, product undergoes a temporary degradation or loss of function or performance which is self-recoverable.
5. Performance Criteria “C” applied for 70%/25 cycle voltage dips and for 0%/250 cycle voltage interruption test levels per EN61000-4-11.

European Contact:
Teledyne GmbH, European Division
Im Breitspiel 11c
D-69126 Heidelberg
Germany
Tel: + 49 6221 82700
AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY – EMC
The instrument complies with the EMC provision of the Radio Communications Act per the following standards, in accordance with requirements imposed by Australian Communication and Media Authority (ACMA):
AS/NZS CISPR 11:2011 Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Group 1, Class A.
Australia / New Zealand Contacts:

RS Components Pty Ltd. Suite 326
The Parade West Kent Town, South Australia 5067
RS Components Ltd.
Units 30 & 31 Warehouse World
761 Great South Road
Penrose, Auckland, New Zealand

• Visit teledynelecroy.com/support/contact for the latest contact information.

Safety Compliance
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY – LOW VOLTAGE
**** The instrument meets the intent of EC Directive 2014/35/EU for Product Safety. Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the Official Journal of the European Communities:
EN 61010-1:2010 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
EN 61010-2:030:2010 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use – Part 2-030: Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits
The design of the instrument has been verified to conform to the following limits put forth by these standards:

• Mains Supply Connector: Overvoltage Category II, instrument intended to be supplied from the building wiring at utilization points (socket outlets and similar).
• Measuring Circuit Terminals: No rated measurement category. Terminals not intended to be connected directly to the mains supply.
• Unit: Pollution Degree 2, operating environment where normally only dry, non-conductive pollution occurs. Temporary conductivity caused by condensation should be expected.

Environmental Compliance
END-OF-LIFE HANDLING
The instrument is marked with this symbol to indicate that it complies with the applicable European Union requirements to Directives 2012/19/EU and 2013/56/EU on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and Batteries.
The instrument is subject to disposal and recycling regulations that vary by country and region. Many countries prohibit the disposal of waste electronic equipment in standard waste receptacles. For more information about proper disposal and recycling of your Teledyne LeCroy product, please visit teledynelecroy.com/recycle.
RESTRICTION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (RoHS)
Unless otherwise specified, all materials and processes are compliant with RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU in its entirety, inclusive of any further amendments or modifications of said Directive.
ISO Certification
Manufactured under an ISO 9000 Registered Quality Management System.
Intellectual Property
All patents pertaining to the WavePulser are on our website at: teledynelecroy.com/patents/

933197-00 Rev A, April, 2021
© 2021 Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. All rights reserved.

References

• Manual-Hub.com - Free PDF manuals!
• Teledyne LeCroy - Test Solutions that Accelerate Design
• Teledyne LeCroy - Test Solutions that Accelerate Design
• Teledyne LeCroy - RoHS and WEEE
• Teledyne LeCroy - Software Downloads
• Teledyne LeCroy - User Login
• Teledyne LeCroy - Technical Library
• Manual-Hub.com – Free PDF manuals!

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