Danfoss APP 38 APP Pumps and APP 38 with Ceramics Instructions

Danfoss APP 38 APP Pumps and APP 38 with Ceramics

Instruction

System design

• The design of the system must ensure that self-emptying of the pump during a standstill is avoided.
• The inlet pressure of the pump must never exceed the outlet pressure. This may typically occur in boosted or open-ended systems with direct water supply.

Open-ended systems with direct water supply

• The pump is supplied with water directly from a feed pump.
• The inlet pressure must be within the limits described in the datasheet for the specific pump.
• To protect the pump from being damaged by peaks of high pressure in case the pump stops momentarily, it is required to mount a low-pressure relief valve on the inlet line.

Preferred RO system design and P &ID

1. Dimension the inlet line to obtain minimum pressure loss (large flow, minimum pipe length, minimum number of bends/connections, and fittings with small pressure losses).

2. Place an inlet filter (1) in front of the APP pump (2). Please consult the Danfoss filter data sheet for guidance on how to select the right filter. Thoroughly clean pipes and flush the system prior to start-up.

3. Place a monitoring pressure switch (3) set at min. inlet pressure between the filter and pump inlet. The monitoring switch must stop the pump at pressures lower than minimum pressure.

4. Use flexible hoses (4) to minimize vibrations and noise.

5. In order to eliminate the risk of damage and cavitation, a positive pressure at the inlet (5) is always to be maintained at min. inlet pressure and max. inlet pressure. It is recommended to install a safety valve or a pressure relief valve (9) in order to avoid high-pressure peaks in case the pump stops momentarily or is spinning backward.

6. For easy system bleeding and flushing, a bypass non-return valve (6) is integrated into the APP pump.

7. A non-return valve (7) in the outlet can be installed in order to avoid the backspin of the pump. The volume of water
   in the membrane vessel works as
   an accumulator and will send flow backward in case the pump stops momentarily.

8. A safety valve or a pressure relief valve
   (8) can be installed in order to avoid system damage as the Danfoss APP pump creates pressure and flow immediately after start-up, regardless of any counter pressure.
   Note: If a non-return valve is mounted in the inlet line, a low-pressure relief valve is also required between the non-return valve and pump as protection against high-pressure peaks.

Reversible pumps

• If exposed to high pressure in the outlet while the electric motor is not energized, the pumps will start spinning backward. This will not harm the pumps as long as the pressure in the inlet does not exceed the max. pressure peak of 10 barg(145 psig).
• If a non-return valve is mounted in the inlet line, a low-pressure relief valve is also required as protection against high-pressure pulses and high-pressure in general.
• Alternatively, a high-pressure check valve can be mounted in the pump discharge line to prevent the pump from reversing.
• The dotted setup ensures that the inlet pressure does not exceed 10 bar (145 psig), when a non-return valve is mounted in the inlet.
• In order to avoid the risk of cavitation, the inlet pressure for APP 30 – 38 must be min.
• 2 barg (29 psig) and 3.5 barg (50.8 psig). The inlet line connection must be properly tightened, as the possible entrance of air will cause cavitation.

General comments

Filtration
A good filtration is vital to ensure a long and trouble-free life of the pump.
As water has very low viscosity, the APP pumps have been designed with very narrow clearance in order to control internal leakage rates and improve component performance. Therefore it is important that the inlet water is filtered properly to minimize the wear of the pump.
The main filter must have a filtration efficiency of 99.98% at 10 μm. We recommend using precision depth filter cartridges rated 10 μm abs. β10 ≥ 5000 (equivalent to a filtration efficiency of 99.98%). Bag filters and string wounded filter cartridges typically have only 50% filtration efficiency. This means that for every 100,000 particles reaching the filter, 50,000 particles pass through it compared to only 20 particles in a filter with an efficiency of 99.98%.
For more information on the importance of proper filtration, please consult our publication “Filtration” (code number 521B1009), which also will provide you with an explanation of filtration definitions and guidance on how to select the right filter.

Monitoring
It is recommended to continuously monitor the following conditions:

• Filter clogging
• Pressure (inlet- and outlet side of the pump)

Building up the pump unit

Mounting

1. Mount the coupling flush or a maximum of 1 mm offset from the pump shaft end. Ensure an air gap between coupling parts of 3-5 mm (0.12-0.2 inch).

2. Mount the bell housing on the pump. Secure nuts with the right torque.

3. Measure the longest distance “A” from the top of the bell housing to the button of the coupling claw.

4. Mount the coupling on the motor shaft. Ensure the coupling and motor flange are not in contact with each other.

5. Measure from the motor flange to the top of the coupling. That measurement “B” shall be 3-5 mm (0.12-0.2 inch) shorter than the measurement “A”. (“A” and “B” can be found on the next).

6. Adjust respectively, verify the measurement, and secure both couplings with the right torques on the locking screws (see coupling operation & mounting instruction).

7. Mount the elastic gear ring and mount the bell housing/pump on the motor. After mounting it must be possible
   to move the elastic gear ring 3-5 mm (0.12 – 0.2 inch) axial “C”. The check can be done through the inspection hole of the bell housing. Secure flange bolts with the right torque.

   • If alternative mounting is desired, please contact Danfoss High-Pressure Pumps.
   • Choose proper tolerances to ensure an easy mounting of the elastic coupling without the use of tools.
   • Please take care to observe the recommended length tolerances of the chosen coupling, as an axial force on the pump will damage the pump.
     (“C” can be found on the drawing below).

Direction of rotation
Is indicated by an arrow on the pump label.

Orientation
The pump can be mounted/orientated in any horizontal direction with the inlet and the outlet pointing upwards, downwards, or to either side.

Protection from too-high pressures
The pump should be protected against too high pressure by means of a safety valve or a pressure relief valve.

• The valve should be placed as close to the pump as possible.
• The opening characteristics of the valve must not result in peak pressures higher than 100 bar (1450 psig).
• We recommend the use of flexible soft hoses both in the inlet and in the outlet lines.

Grounding
To prevent stray current corrosion we recommend grounding of the pump and all other parts in the system. All parts in the system must be electrical potential equalized to a single reference point (grounding point). It is recommended that the electrical resistance in the grounding cable is equal to or below 0.25 Ω toward the grounding point.

The valve outlet must not be connected directly to the pump suction line. It must be connected directly to the drain.

Connections

180Z0280   1.00 m [39.4”]

3” inlet connector APP 30-38| 3” Victaulic| 180B3208
Non-return valve (outlet) Super Duplex APP 30-38| 2½” Victaulic (OD 73 mm)| 180H0055

• For more details on the accessories,
• please contact Danfoss High-Pressure Pumps.
• Possible extension see next page.

Initial start-up

1. Flush the inlet line before connecting the pump, to remove possible impurities from pipes, hoses etc.
2. Connect pump inlet to inlet line and flush the pump for 5 min. by means of the internal flushing valve, to remove possible impurities from pipes, hoses, etc.
3. Loosen top bleeding plug “C” (see item 3.5) using an allen key (only plugs with internal hexagon sockets). Retighten the plug, when water appears from the bleeding plug.
4. Make sure that the direction of rotation of the electric motor corresponds to the direction of rotation of the pump (see label on pump).
5. Now the pump is ready for start-up.

WARNING
Make sure that the direction of rotation of the electric motor corresponds to the direction of rotation of the pump (see label on pump). Otherwise the pump will be damaged if a check valve is placed between pump and feed pump.

Operation

Temperature

Fluid temperature:

• Min. +2°C to max. +50°C
• (Min. +35.6°F to max. +122°F)

Ambient temperature:

• Min. +2°C to max. +50°C
• (Min. +35.6°F to max. +122°F)

In case of lower operating temperatures, please contact Danfoss High Pressure Pumps.

• The chart below illustrates the corrosive resistance of different types of stainless steel related to NaCl concentration and temperature.
• The APP water pump is made of Duplex and Super Duplex.
• If the water pump is operated above the Super Duplex line, always flush water pump with fresh water at operation stop in order to minimize the risk of crevice corrosion.

Pressure

• The inlet pressure for APP 30 – 38 must be min. 2 barg (30 psig) and max. 5 barg (72.5 psig). At lower pressures the pump will cavitate, resulting in damage of the pump.
• Max. inlet pressure peak (e.g. in case the pump stops momentarily) up to 10 barg (145 psig) are acceptable.
• Max. pressure on the pump’s outlet line should be limited at 80 barg (1160 psig) continuously, 70 barg for APP 46.

Note: The pump unit should include a pressure gauge on the high-pressure side.

Dry running
When running, the pump must always be connected to the water supply in order to avoid damage if it should run dry.

Disconnection

• If the inlet line is disconnected from the water supply, the pump will be emptied of water through the disconnected inlet line.
• When starting up again, follow the bleeding procedure described under section 4: Initial start up.

Storage

Storage temperature:

• Min. -40°C to max. +70°C
• (Min. -40°F to max. +158°F)

When preparing the pump for long-term storage or for temperatures below the freezing point, flush the pump with an anti-freeze medium-type monopropylene glycol to prevent internal corrosion or frost in the pump.
For further information on anti-freeze media, please contact Danfoss High Pressure Pumps.

Recommended procedure

1. Disconnect the water supply to the pump.
2. Through the lower bleeding plug, empty the pump housing of water and close it again.
3. Connect the pump to a tank containing an anti-freeze additive. Connect a hose to the inlet port of the pump and via another hose return the flow from the outlet port to the tank with antifreeze additives.
4. Quickly start and stop the pump. Make sure that the pump does not run dry. The pump is now protected against internal corrosion and frost

Storage:

• Storage of pumps that have been in operation:
• For shorter periods of storage flush the pump with permeate rotating the pump for 10 sec., empty permeate and store.
• For long-term storage (more than 2 months)
• Danfoss recommends servicing the product and clean any biological growth of the surface. Store the pump dry without water inside.

Warranty

Danfoss APP pumps are designed for long operation, low maintenance, and reduced lifecycle costs. Provided that the pump has been running according to the Danfoss specifications, Danfoss recommends 16.000 hours service interval,
but as the guarantee is 8000 Hours service operation or max. 18 months from the date of production it is recommended to perform an inspection before the end of the warranty period to ensure that any potential issues are identified and can be resolved promptly through the warranty claims process If Danfoss’s recommendations concerning system design are not followed, it will strongly influence the life of the APP pumps.

Maintenance

After 16,000 hours of operation, it is strongly recommended to inspect the pump and change any worn parts, e.g. pistons and shaft seal. This is done in order to prevent a potential breakdown of the pump.
If the parts are not replaced, more frequent inspection is recommended according to our guidelines.

Standstill
The APP pumps are made of Duplex/Super Duplex materials with excellent corrosion properties. It is, however, always recommended to flush the pump with fresh water when the system is shut down.
When stopping the pump for more than 1 day flush the pump with permeate by rotating the pump for 10 sec. Flushing through the flushing valve of the pump without rotating the pump is not enough to clean the inside of the pump. The pump can be flushed with biocide-like membranes. The biocide must be compatible with the materials used in our pump (materials can be found in the parts list in the Operating guide.

Repair
In case of an irregular function of the APP, please contact Danfoss High- Pressure Pumps sales organization.

Danfoss A/S

• High-Pressure Pumps
• danfoss.com .
• +45 7488 2222
• hiahpressurepumps@danfoss.com

Any information, including, but not limited to information on the selection of the product, its application or use, product design, weight, dimensions, capacity, or any other technical data in product manuals, catalog descriptions, advertisements, etc., and whether made available in writing, orally, electronically, online or via download, shall be considered informative and is only binding if and to the extent, explicit reference is made in a quotation or order confirmation. Danfoss cannot accept any responsibility for possible errors in catalogs, brochures, videos, and other material.
Danfoss reserves the right to alter its products without notice. This also applies to products ordered but not delivered provided that such alterations can be made without changes to the form, fit, or function of the product.
All trademarks in this material are property of Danfoss A/S or Danfoss group companies. Danfoss and the Danfoss logo are trademarks of Danfoss A/S. All rights reserved.

8 | 180R9446_AN449257679711en-000101
© Danfoss | DCS-SGDPT/SI | 2023.04

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