MICROCHIP H.264 PolarFire I-Frame Encoder IP User Guide

MICROCHIP H.264 PolarFire I-Frame Encoder IP

Product Information

The product is a H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP. It is a hardware implementation that encodes data into H.264 format. The IP block diagram shows the various inputs and outputs of the encoder.

Key Features:

• Supports H.264 encoding
• Provides inputs for luma and chroma pixel data
• Supports various control signals for frame start, frame end, and data validity
• Allows setting of quality factor for quantization
• Outputs H.264 encoded data

Supported Families: This information is not provided in the user manual.

Product Usage Instructions

Hardware Implementation

To implement the H.264 I-Frame Encoder, follow these steps:

1. Connect the following inputs to the appropriate sources:
   • RESET_N: Connect to an active-low asynchronous reset signal.
   • SYS_CLK: Connect to the input clock with which incoming pixels are sampled.
   • DATA_Y_I: Connect to the 8-bit luma pixel input in 422 format.
   • DATA_C_I: Connect to the 8-bit chroma pixel input in 422 format.
   • DATA_VALID_I: Connect to the input pixel data valid signal.
   • FRAME_END_I: Connect to the end of frame indication signal.
   • FRAME_START_I: Connect to the start of frame indication signal.
   • HRES_I: Connect to the horizontal resolution of the input image. It must be a multiple of 16.
   • VRES_I: Connect to the vertical resolution of the input image. It must be a multiple of 16.
   • QP_I: Connect to the quality factor for H.264 quantization. The value ranges from 0 to 51.
2. The H.264 encoded data output, DATA_O, should be connected to the desired destination.
3. Ensure that the appropriate power supply and grounding is provided for the hardware implementation.

Input and Output Ports

signal is
considered as frame start.
HRES_I| Input| 16| —| Horizontal resolution of input image. It must be multiple of
16.
VRES_I| Input| 16| —| Vertical resolution of input image. It must be multiple of
16.
QP_I| Input| 6| —| Quality factor for H.264 quantization. The value ranges from 0
to 51 where 0 represents highest quality and lowest compression and
51 represents highest compression.
DATA_O| Output| 8| —| H.264 encoded data output that contains NAL unit, slice header,
SPS, PPS, and the encoded data of macro blocks.
DATA_VALID_O| Output| 1| —| Data validity signal for the output.

Introduction

H.264 is a popular video compression standard for compression of digital video. It is also known as MPEG-4 Part10 or Advanced Video Coding (MPEG-4 AVC). H.264 uses block wise approach for compressing the video where the block size is defined as 16×16 and such block is called a macro block. The compression standard supports various profiles that define the compression ratio and complexity of implementation. The video frames to be compressed are treated as I-Frame, P-Frame and B-Frame. An I-Frame is an intra-coded frame where compression is done by using the information contained within the frame. No other frames are required to decode an I-Frame. A P-Frame is compressed by using the changes with respect to an earlier frame that can be an I-Frame or a P-Frame. The compression of B-Frame is done by using the motion changes with respect to both an earlier frame and an upcoming frame.
The I-Frame compression process has four stages—Intra prediction, Integer transformation, Quantization and Entropy encoding. H.264 supports two types of encoding—Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding (CAVLC) and Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC). The current version of the IP implements Baseline profile and uses CAVLC for entropy encoding. Also, the IP supports encoding of only I-Frames.

Key Features

• Implements compression on YCbCr 420 video format
• Expects the input in YCbCr 422 video format
• Supports 8-bit for each component (Y, Cb, and Cr)
• ITU-T H.264 Annex B compliant NAL byte stream output
• Standalone operation, CPU, or processor assistance not required
• User configurable quality factor QP during run time
• Computation at the rate of 1 pixel per clock
• Supports compression up to resolution of 1080p 60 fps

Supported Families

• PolarFire® SoC FPGA
• PolarFire® FPGA

Hardware Implementation
The following figure shows the H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP block diagram.

Figure 1-1. H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP Block Diagram

Inputs and Outputs
The following table lists the input and output ports of H.264 Frame Encoder IP.

Table 1-1. Input and Output Ports of H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP

Signal Name| Direction| Width| Port Valid Under| Description
---|---|---|---|---
RESET_N| Input| 1| —| Active-low Asynchronous reset signal to the design.
SYS_CLK| Input| 1| —| Input clock with which incoming pixels are sampled.
DATA_Y_I| Input| 8| —| 8-bit Luma pixel input in 422 format.
DATA_C_I| Input| 8| —| 8-bit Chroma pixel input in 422 format.
DATA_VALID_I| Input| 1| —| Input Pixel data valid signal.
FRAME_END_I| Input| 1| —| End of Frame indication.
FRAME_START_I| Input| 1| —| Start of Frame indication. The rising edge of this signal is considered as frame start.
HRES_I| Input| 16| —| Horizontal resolution of input image. It must be multiple of 16.
VRES_I| Input| 16| —| Vertical resolution of input image. It must be multiple of 16.
QP_I| Input| 6| —| Quality factor for H.264 quantization. The value ranges from 0 to 51 where 0 represents highest quality and lowest compression and 51 represents highest compression.
DATA_O| Output| 8| —| H.264 encoded data output that contains NAL unit, slice header, SPS, PPS, and the encoded data of macro blocks.
DATA_VALID_O| Output| 1| —| Signal denoting encoded data is valid.

Configuration Parameters
The H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP does not use configuration parameters.

Hardware Implementation of H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP
The following figure shows the H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP block diagram.

Figure 1-2. H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP Block Diagram

Design Description for H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP
This section describes the different internal modules of the H.264 I-Frame Generator IP. Data input to the IP must be in the form of a raster scan image in YCbCr 422 format. The IP uses 422 format as input and implements compression in 420 format.

16×16 Matrix Framer
This module frames the 16×16 macro blocks for Y component as per H.264 specification. Line buffers are used to store 16 horizontal lines of input image and a 16×16 matrix is framed using shift registers.

8×8 Matrix Framer
This module frames the 8×8 macro blocks for C component as per H.264 specification for 420 format. Line buffers are used to store 8 horizontal lines of input image and an 8×16 matrix is framed using shift registers. From the 8×16 matrix, the Cb and Cr components are separated to frame each 8×8 matrix.

4×4 Matrix Framer
The integer transform, quantization, and CAVLC encoding operate on a 4×4 sub- block within a macro block. The 4×4 matrix framer generates a 4×4 sub-block from 16×16 or 8×8 macro block. This matrix generator spans through all the sub-blocks of a macro block before going to the next macro block.

Intra Prediction
H.264 uses various intra-prediction modes to reduce the information in a 4×4 block. The intra-prediction block in the IP uses only DC prediction on 4×4 matrix size. The DC component is computed from the adjacent top and left 4×4 blocks.

Integer Transform
H.264 uses integer discrete cosine transform where the coefficients are distributed across the integer transform matrix and the quantization matrix such that there are no multiplications or divisions in the integer transform. The integer transform stage implements the transformation using shift and add operations.

Quantization
The quantization multiplies each output of integer transform with a predetermined quantization value defined by the QP user input value. The range of QP value is from 0 to 51. Any value more than 51 is clamped to 51. A lower QP value denotes lower compression and higher quality and vice versa.

CAVLC
H.264 uses two types of entropy encoding—Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding (CAVLC) and Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC). The IP uses CAVLC for encoding the quantized output.

Header Generator
The header generator block generates the block headers, slice headers, Sequence Parameter Set (SPS), Picture Parameter Set (PPS), and Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) unit depending on the instance of the video frame.

H.264 Stream Generator
The H.264 stream generator block combines the CAVLC output along with the headers to create the encoded output as per the H.264 standard format.

Testbench

Testbench is provided to check the functionality of H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP.

Simulation
The simulation uses a 224×224 image in YCbCr422 format represented by two files, each for Y and C as input and generates a H.264 file format that contains two frames. The following steps describe how to simulate the core using the testbench.

1. Go to Libero® SoC Catalog > View > Windows > Catalog, and then expand Solutions-Video. Double-click H264_Iframe_Encoder, and then click OK.
   Figure 2-1. H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP Core in Libero SoC Catalog

2. Go to the Files tab and select simulation > Import Files.
   Figure 2-2. Import Files

3. Import the H264_sim_data_in_y.txt, H264_sim_data_in_c.txt, and H264_refOut.txt files from the following path: ..\\component\Microsemi\SolutionCore\ H264_Iframe_Encoder\ 1.0.0\Stimulus.

4. To import a different file, browse the folder that contains the required file, and click Open. The imported file is listed under simulation, see the following figure.
   Figure 2-3. Imported Files

5. Go to the Stimulus Hierarchy tab and select H264_frame_Encoder_tb (H264_frame_Encoder_tb. v) > Simulate Pre-Synth Design > Open Interactively. The IP is simulated for two frames. Figure 2-4. Simulating Pre-Synthesis DesignModelSim opens with the testbench file as shown in the following figure.
   Figure 2-5. ModelSim Simulation Window

Note: If the simulation is interrupted due to the runtime limit specified in the DO file, use the run -all command to complete the simulation.

License
H. 264 I-Frame Encoder IP is provided in encrypted form only under license.

Installation Instructions
The core must be installed into Libero SoC software. It is done automatically through the Catalog update function in Libero SoC software, or the CPZ file can be manually added using the Add Core catalog feature. When the CPZ file is installed in Libero, the core can be configured, generated, and instantiated within SmartDesign for inclusion in the Libero project.
For more instructions on core installation, licensing, and general use, see Libero SoC Online Help.

Resource Utilization
The following table lists the resource utilization of a sample H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP design made for PolarFire FPGA (MPF300TS-1FCG1152I package) and generates compressed data by using 4:2:2 sampling of input data.

Table 5-1. Resource Utilization of the H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP

Revision History
The revision history table describes the changes that were implemented in the document. The changes are listed by revision, starting with the most current publication.

Guide” to “PolarFire FPGA H.264 I-Frame Encoder IP User Guide”.
A| 01/2022| The first publication of the document.

Microchip FPGA Support
Microchip FPGA products group backs its products with various support services, including Customer Service, Customer Technical Support Center, a website, and worldwide sales offices. Customers are suggested to visit Microchip online resources prior to contacting support as it is very likely that their queries have been already answered.
Contact Technical Support Center through the website at www.microchip.com/support. Mention the FPGA Device Part number, select appropriate case category, and upload design files while creating a technical support case.
Contact Customer Service for non-technical product support, such as product pricing, product upgrades, update information, order status, and authorization.

• From North America, call 800.262.1060
• From the rest of the world, call 650.318.4460
• Fax, from anywhere in the world, 650.318.8044

Microchip Information

The Microchip Website
Microchip provides online support via our website at www.microchip.com/. This website is used to make files and information easily available to customers.

Some of the content available includes:

• Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software
• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip design partner program member listing
• Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives

Product Change Notification Service
Microchip’s product change notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive email notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest.

To register, go to www.microchip.com/pcn and follow the registration instructions.

Customer Support

Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels:

• Distributor or Representative
• Local Sales Office
• Embedded Solutions Engineer (ESE)
• Technical Support

Customers should contact their distributor, representative or ESE for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in this document.
Technical support is available through the website at: www.microchip.com/support

Microchip Devices Code Protection Feature
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip products:

• Microchip products meet the specifications contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
• Microchip believes that its family of products is secure when used in the intended manner, within operating specifications, and under normal conditions.
• Microchip values and aggressively protects its intellectual property rights. Attempts to breach the code protection features of Microchip product is strictly prohibited and may violate the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
• Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of its code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product is “unbreakable”. Code protection is constantly evolving. Microchip is committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products.

Legal Notice

This publication and the information herein may be used only with Microchip products, including to design, test, and integrate Microchip products with your application. Use of this information in any other manner violates these terms. Information regarding device applications is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded
by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. Contact your local Microchip sales office for additional support or, obtain additional
support at: www.microchip.com/en-us/support/design-help/client-support- services.

THIS INFORMATION IS PROVIDED BY MICROCHIP “AS IS”. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY
OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR WARRANTIES RELATED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, OR PERFORMANCE.
IN NO EVENT WILL MICROCHIP BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS, DAMAGE, COST, OR EXPENSE OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER RELATED TO THE INFORMATION OR ITS USE, HOWEVER CAUSED, EVEN IF MICROCHIP HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OR THE DAMAGES ARE FORESEEABLE. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW, MICROCHIP’S TOTAL LIABILITY ON ALL CLAIMS IN ANY WAY RELATED TO THE INFORMATION OR ITS USE WILL NOT EXCEED THE AMOUNT OF FEES, IF ANY, THAT YOU HAVE PAID DIRECTLY TO MICROCHIP FOR THE INFORMATION.
Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights unless otherwise stated.

Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Adaptec, AVR, AVR logo, AVR Freaks, BesTime, BitCloud, CryptoMemory, CryptoRF, dsPIC, flexPWR, HELDO, IGLOO, JukeBlox, KeeLoq, Kleer, LANCheck, LinkMD, maXStylus, maXTouch, MediaLB, megaAVR, Microsemi, Microsemi logo, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, picoPower, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, PolarFire, Prochip Designer, QTouch, SAM-BA, SenGenuity, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash, Symmetricom, SyncServer, Tachyon, TimeSource, tinyAVR, UNI/O, Vectron, and XMEGA are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
AgileSwitch, APT, ClockWorks, The Embedded Control Solutions Company, EtherSynch, Flashtec, Hyper Speed Control, HyperLight Load, Libero, motorBench, mTouch, Powermite 3, Precision Edge, ProASIC, ProASIC Plus, ProASIC Plus logo, Quiet- Wire, SmartFusion, SyncWorld, Temux, TimeCesium, TimeHub, TimePictra, TimeProvider, TrueTime, and ZL are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Adjacent Key Suppression, AKS, Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Any Capacitor, AnyIn, AnyOut, Augmented Switching, BlueSky, BodyCom, Clockstudio, CodeGuard, CryptoAuthentication, CryptoAutomotive, CryptoCompanion, CryptoController, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, Dynamic Average Matching, DAM, ECAN, Espresso T1S, EtherGREEN, GridTime, IdealBridge, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, INICnet, Intelligent Paralleling, IntelliMOS, Inter-Chip Connectivity, JitterBlocker, Knob-on-Display, KoD, maxCrypto, maxView, memBrain, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, PowerSmart, PureSilicon, QMatrix, REAL ICE, Ripple Blocker, RTAX, RTG4, SAM-ICE, Serial Quad I/O, simpleMAP, SimpliPHY, SmartBuffer, SmartHLS, SMART-I.S., storClad, SQI, SuperSwitcher, SuperSwitcher II, Switchtec, SynchroPHY, Total Endurance, Trusted Time, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, VectorBlox, VeriPHY, ViewSpan, WiperLock, XpressConnect, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
The Adaptec logo, Frequency on Demand, Silicon Storage Technology, and Symmcom are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries.
GestIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.
© 2022, Microchip Technology Incorporated and its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-6683-0715-1

Quality Management System
For information regarding Microchip’s Quality Management Systems, please visit www.microchip.com/quality.

Worldwide Sales and Service

AMERICAS
Corporate Office
2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7200
Fax: 480-792-7277 Technical Support:
www.microchip.com/support

Web Address: www.microchip.com

Atlanta
Duluth, GA
Tel: 678-957-9614
Fax: 678-957-1455 Austin, TX
Tel: 512-257-3370 Boston
Westborough, MA
Tel: 774-760-0087
Fax: 774-760-0088 Chicago
Itasca, IL
Tel: 630-285-0071
Fax: 630-285-0075 Dallas
Addison, TX
Tel: 972-818-7423
Fax: 972-818-2924 Detroit
Novi, MI
Tel: 248-848-4000 Houston, TX
Tel: 281-894-5983 Indianapolis
Noblesville, IN
Tel: 317-773-8323
Fax: 317-773-5453
Tel: 317-536-2380
Los Angeles
Mission Viejo, CA
Tel: 949-462-9523
Fax: 949-462-9608
Tel: 951-273-7800 Raleigh, NC
Tel: 919-844-7510
New York, NY
Tel: 631-435-6000
San Jose, CA
Tel: 408-735-9110
Tel: 408-436-4270 Canada – Toronto
Tel: 905-695-1980
Fax: 905-695-2078

ASIA/PACIFIC
Australia – Sydney
Tel: 61-2-9868-6733 China – Beijing
Tel: 86-10-8569-7000 China – Chengdu
Tel: 86-28-8665-5511 China – Chongqing Tel: 86-23-8980-9588 China – Dongguan
Tel: 86-769-8702-9880 China – Guangzhou Tel: 86-20-8755-8029 China – Hangzhou
Tel: 86-571-8792-8115 China – Hong Kong SAR Tel: 852-2943-5100 China – Nanjing
Tel: 86-25-8473-2460 China – Qingdao
Tel: 86-532-8502-7355 China – Shanghai
Tel: 86-21-3326-8000 China – Shenyang
Tel: 86-24-2334-2829 China – Shenzhen
Tel: 86-755-8864-2200 China – Suzhou
Tel: 86-186-6233-1526 China – Wuhan
Tel: 86-27-5980-5300 China – Xian
Tel: 86-29-8833-7252 China – Xiamen
Tel: 86-592-2388138 China – Zhuhai
Tel: 86-756-3210040

ASIA/PACIFIC
India – Bangalore
Tel: 91-80-3090-4444 India – New Delhi
Tel: 91-11-4160-8631 India – Pune
Tel: 91-20-4121-0141 Japan – Osaka
Tel: 81-6-6152-7160 Japan – Tokyo
Tel: 81-3-6880- 3770 Korea – Daegu
Tel: 82-53-744-4301 Korea – Seoul
Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Malaysia – Kuala Lumpur Tel: 60-3-7651-7906 Malaysia – Penang
Tel: 60-4-227-8870 Philippines – Manila Tel: 63-2-634-9065 Singapore
Tel: 65-6334-8870 Taiwan – Hsin Chu
Tel: 886-3-577-8366 Taiwan – Kaohsiung Tel: 886-7-213-7830 Taiwan – Taipei
Tel: 886-2-2508-8600 Thailand – Bangkok Tel: 66-2-694-1351 Vietnam – Ho Chi Minh Tel: 84-28-5448-2100

EUROPE
Austria – Wels
Tel: 43-7242-2244-39 Fax: 43-7242-2244-393 Denmark – Copenhagen Tel: 45-4485-5910
Fax: 45-4485-2829 Finland – Espoo
Tel: 358-9-4520-820 France – Paris
Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79 Germany – Garching Tel: 49-8931-9700 Germany – Haan
Tel: 49-2129-3766400 Germany – Heilbronn Tel: 49-7131-72400 Germany – Karlsruhe Tel: 49-721-625370 Germany – Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44 Germany – Rosenheim Tel: 49-8031-354-560 Israel – Ra’anana
Tel: 972-9-744-7705 Italy – Milan
Tel: 39-0331-742611 Fax: 39-0331-466781 Italy – Padova
Tel: 39-049-7625286 Netherlands – Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399 Fax: 31-416-690340 Norway – Trondheim Tel: 47-72884388 Poland – Warsaw
Tel: 48-22-3325737 Romania – Bucharest Tel: 40-21-407-87-50 Spain – Madrid
Tel: 34-91-708-08-90 Fax: 34-91-708-08-91 Sweden – Gothenberg Tel: 46-31-704-60-40 Sweden – Stockholm Tel: 46-8-5090-4654 UK – Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5800 Fax: 44-118-921-5820

References

• {波多野42部无码喷潮在线,18禁美女裸身无遮挡免费网站,国产成人精品一区二三区在线观看,久久精品国产亚洲AⅤ无码}
• Empowering Innovation | Microchip Technology
• Microchip Lightning Support
• microsemi.com/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=132044

Read User Manual Online (PDF format)

Download This Manual (PDF format)

Download this manual  >>