FLUKE 971 Dual Display Temperature Humidity Meter User Guide

971 Dual Display Temperature Humidity Meter

Get more done
Now includes the
NEW Fluke 922 Airflow Meter
HVAC/Indoor Air Quality Reference Guide
Volume 2, 2007 · Glossary · Helpful tips · Application notes

HVAC/Indoor Air Quality
Selection Guide
Air Composition

Thermal Imaging

Model

983 Particle Counter

975 AirMeterTM

922 Airflow Meter

CO-220 CO Detector

Description

Measure six particle sizes simultaneously

Measure

Combines air

temperature, pressure, velocity

humidity, CO2, CO, and flow into one Velocity with one rugged, easy-to-

tool

use meter

Page Number

4

6

8

Measurements Particle size
Temperature

0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0 µm
+40 °C (104 ºF)

+50 °C (122 °F)

+50 °C (122 °F)

Quickly test CO levels
9

CO-210 CO Probe(1)

971 Temperature
Humidity Meter

TiR Series Thermal Imagers*

IR-InSight Infrared Imagers*

Conveniently measure CO
with this DMM accessory

Measure humidity Provides fast and

faster, calculate easy precision

wet bulb and

temperature

dew point

measurements

temperatures

Low contrast thermal
application imager

9

10

11

12

+60 ºC (140 ºF)

+600 °C (1112 °F)

+100 °C (212 °F)

Air velocity
CO2 CO Optical resolution Relative humidity Vacuum

20 % to 90 %

50 fpm to 3000 fpm, 0.25 m/sec to 15 m/sec 5000 ppm 500 ppm
10 % to 90 %

250 fpm to 16,000 fpm, 1 m/sec to
80 m/sec

0 to 999 ppm 0 to 1000 ppm 5 % to 95 %

Pressure
Voltage ac/dc 2 Current ac/dc
Resistance Frequency Capacitance Conductance

± 4000 Pascals ± 16 in H2O
± 400 mm H2O ± 40 mbar ± 0.6 PSI

Data storage

Data logging
Min/Max/Avg Display Hold/ Auto (Touch) Hold

5000 readings

99 readings (discrete), 25,000 readings (continuous)
Yes/Yes/Yes

99 readings
Yes/Yes/Yes Yes/No

(1) Accessory for use with a digital multimeter with dc millivolt inputs.

No/Yes/No Yes/No

99 readings
Yes/Yes/Yes Yes/No

IR Temperature

TC Temperature Pressure

HVAC Electrical Tools

561 HVACPro IR Thermo-
meter
Contact and non-contact temperature in
one

62 Mini IR Ther-
mometer

54 TC Thermometer

80PK-8 TC Clamp(1)

PV350 Pressure/Vac (1)

Best accuracy in Dual-temperature

its class, perfect for T across

introduction to IR furnaces and

thermometers

coils

DMM accessory captures liquid and suction line temperatures

DMM accessory captures liquid and suction line pressure values

14

15

18

18

19

1AC II VoltAlert Voltage Detector
Non-contact voltage with audio alarm
20

902 True-rms HVAC Clamp
Meter
Designed for HVAC, with temperature, dc microamps and capacitance
21

116 HVAC Multimeter
Basic DMM built for HVAC
technicians
22

1587 Insulation Multimeter
Insulation tester and true-rms digital multimeter in one
23

+550 °C (1022 ºF)

+500 ºC (932 ºF)

+1767 ºC (3212 ºF) J, K, T, E, N, R, S

+149 °C (300 ºF)

+400 °C (752 °F)
K

+400 °C (752 ºF)
K

+537 °C (998 ºF)
K

12:1

10:1

76 cm Hg (406.7 in H20)
3447 kPa (499.9 psi)

600 V ac

600 V

600 V, 600 mV

1000 V

600 A/200 µA

600 µA

400 mA

3

9999 W

40 MW

50 MW

50 kHz

100 kHz

1000 µF

9999 µF

999 µF

500 readings

Yes/Yes/No Yes/No

No/Yes/No Yes/No

Yes/Yes/Yes

Yes/Yes/No Yes/No

*Multiple models available to suit your specific needs. See www.fluke.com for more information.

Yes/Yes/Yes Yes/No

Yes/Yes/No No/No

Air Composition
Particle Counter

Fluke 983 Particle Counter
Troubleshoot and maintain
indoor air quality.
The new Fluke 983 Particle Counter, the preferred choice for HVAC and IAQ professionals, measures temperature and relative humidity as well as particle size. With expanded data logging and six-channel particle size display, the Fluke 983 allows users to run more tests quickly, with less time spent cycling through screens to obtain data. The Fluke 983 is lightweight and easy to use in any position, with a comfortable hand strap and rugged holster.
Use it to:
· Monitor HVAC filter efficiency · Assess duct cleanliness per NADCA ACR
2006 Particle Profiling procedure
· Verify compliance to cleanroom standards · Locate particle sources and report back on
post-remediation conditions
The Fluke 983 Particle Counter offers:
· Selectable sample time, count data, and
programmable delay
· User-defined sample size (cubic feet or liters)
and temperature measurements (°C or °F)
· Data displayed in totalize or concentration
modes
· Logged samples include date, time, particle
counts, sample volume, temperature, and relative humidity

Quick Tips
Particle counts Particle counts vary according to a number of factors such as location, time of year, and occupants. When taking particle counts, always establish an outside baseline reading to compare indoor particle levels against. Ideally, indoor particle levels will be less then outdoor levels.
Filter bypass When testing for filter bypass, take particle counts before and after sealing the edges of the filter with duct tape. This will provide an indication of how much particulate matter is bypassing the filter due to poor fitment or compromised sealing surfaces.
Fluke TP120 Thermal Printer Kit includes:
· Thermal printer · (2) rolls paper · Battery pack · Serial adapter

Ordering information
Fluke-983 Particle Counter
Includes: Certificate of Calibration (NIST), Windows4 compatible software download utility, DB9 to RS-232 adapter and cable, Isokinetic probe, zero count filter, high purity tubing, 1/8 in. hose barb adapter, power supply, hard molded plastic case, and users manual

Class

Number of Particles per Cubic Meter by Micrometer Size

Federal Std 209E

ISO 14644 0.1 µm

0.2 µm

0.3 µm

0.5 µm

1 µm

ISO 1

10

2

ISO 2

100

24

10

4

1

M1.5

ISO 3

1,000

237

102

35

8

10 M2.5

ISO 4

10,000

2,370

1,020

352

83

100 M3.5

ISO 5

100,000

23,700

10,200

3,520

832

1,000 M4.5

ISO 6

1,000,000

237,000

102,000

35,200

8,320

10,000 M5.5

ISO 7

352,000

83,200

100,000 M6.5

ISO 8

3,520,000

832,000

ISO 9

35,200,000 8,320,000

Summary of cleanroom classification standards

5 µm
29 293 2,930 29,300 293,000

Cleanroom particle concentrations
The above table presents airborne particle limits for cleanroom applications per Federal Std 209E and ISO 14644 standards. The number of particles per cubic meter represent the maximum concentration limits for particles equal to and larger than the size

tested for. For example, an ISO class 5 cleanroom certified at 0.3 microns should have no more than 10,200 particles 0.3 microns and larger. There are other requirements regarding sample volumes, locations and procedures that must be adhered to. Refer to the applicable cleanroom standard for more information.

Summary specifications

Feature 6 size channels Flow rate Count modes Counting efficiency Zero count Coincidence loss Relative humidity Temperature Data storage
Alarms Delay time Sample inlet Interface Environmental

Description 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0 µm 0.1 cfm (2.83 L/min) controlled by internal pump Concentration, totalize, audio 50 % @ 0.3 µm; 100 % for particles > 0.45 µm (per JIS B9921:1997) 1 count/5 minute (JIS B9921:1997) 5 % at 2,000,000 particles per ft ± 7 %, 20 % to 90 % non-condensing ± 3 °C, 10 °C to 40 °C (50 °F to 104 °F) 5000 sample records (rotating buffer) of date, time, counts, relative humidity, temperature, sample volumes, alarms, and label Counts, low battery, sensor fail 0 to 24 hours Isokinetic probe RS-232 and RS-485 via RJ-45 Operating: 10 °C to 40 °C (50 °F to 104 °F), 20 % to 90 % relative humidity, non-condensing Storage: -10 °C to 50 °C (14 °F to 122 °F), up to 90 % relative humidity, non-condensing

Common airborne particles and their sizes.

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Growing your business through indoor air quality particulate profiling
You’ve probably heard mold referred to as the “new asbestos” for HVAC/R. Concern about mold and its health effects is driving consumers to have their indoor air quality (IAQ) situation assessed and, if necessary, repaired.
If you’re the contractor they call, keep in mind that mold isn’t the only issue to consider when assessing the IAQ of a commercial building or residence. Many different kinds of particulates in a work or living environment can cause Sick Building Syndrome and aggravate allergy and respiratory conditions. Read a detailed application note on www.fluke.com/iaq
5

Air Composition
AirMeterTM

Fluke 975V
Ordering information Fluke-975 AirMeter Fluke-975V AirMeter with Velocity
Includes: AA alkaline batteries (3), users manual (with safety information), calibration cap, hard carrying case, FlukeViewTM 6 Forms software, power adapter, international power plugs and air velocity probe (Fluke 975V only)
Optional accessories Fluke-975CK AirMeter Calibration Kit
Includes: Zeroing and span gas, tubing, regulator, hard carrying case
Fluke-975VP AirMeter Velocity Probe

New! Fluke 975 AirMeterTM Five powerful tools in one!

The new Fluke 975 AirMeter test tool raises indoor air monitoring to the next level by combining five powerful tools in one rugged and easy-to-use handheld tool by measuring temperature, humidity, velocity, CO2 and CO. The Fluke 975 AirMeter test tool makes indoor air quality testing easier and faster.
Use it to:
· Optimize HVAC system operation and
manage energy costs
· Respond to comfort-related occupant calls · Verify the operation of building HVAC control
systems
· Monitor air flow and velocity (975V only) · Test for dangerous carbon monoxide leaks · Monitor and data log conditions, then
download for further analysis
Features include:
· Simultaneously measures, logs, and displays
temperature, humidity, CO2, and CO on a bright, backlit LCD display
· One-touch air flow and velocity with
available probe (975V only)
· Wet bulb and dew point temperature · % of outside air calculation · CO2 and CO field calibration feature · Self-test function at startup · Auto-backlight · Automatically compensates for barometric
pressure changes
· Min/Max/Average on all measured and
calculated readings
· Multi-language user interface · Metric or standard units · Audible and visual threshold alarms · Extensive discrete or continuous data
logging capacity, downloadable to PC via USB interface
· Keypad lock for security · Included FlukeView Forms® software

Using the velocity probe to check velocity within a duct.
Quick Tips
Frequent Calibration is Key Frequent calibration of gas sensors is key to maintaining the accuracy and performance of the device. Both CO2 and CO sensors can exhibit tendencies to drift over time due to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure.
Fluke recommends monthly calibration of the CO sensor, and an annual calibration for CO2 for optimum performance.

Fluke-975CK Calibration Kit

Summary specifications

Feature

Range

Measured specifications

Temperature

-5 °F to 122 °F (-20 °C to 50 °C)

Relative humidity Air velocity

10 % to 90 % RH non-condensing
50 fpm to 3000 fpm 0.25 m/sec to 15 m/sec

CO2

0 to 5000 ppm

CO

0 to 500 ppm

Calculated specifications

Dew point temperature

-44 °C to 50 °C (-47 °F to 122 °F)

Wet bulb temperature
Volume flow rate (in a duct)

-16 °C to 50 °C (3 °F to 122 °F)

% outside air (based on temperature)
% outside air (based on CO2)

0 to 100 % 0 to 100 %

Display resolution

Accuracy

0.1 °F (0.1 °C) 1 % 1 fpm 0.001 m/sec
1 ppm
1 ppm

± 0.9 °C/± 1.62 °F from 40 °C to 50 °C ± 0.5 °C/± 1.00 °F from 5 °C to 40 °C ± 1.1 °C/± 1.98 °F from -20 °C to 5 °C
± 2 % RH (10 % RH to 90 % RH)
± 4 % or 4 fpm ± 4 % or 0.02 m/sec whichever is greater *Accuracy specification only valid for velocity readings above 50 fpm or 0.25 m/sec.
Warm up time 1 min (5 minutes for full specification) 2.75 % + 75 ppm
± 5 % or ± 3 ppm, whichever is greater, @ 20 °C and 50 % RH

0.1 °C (0.1 °F)
0.1 °C (0.1 °F) 0.01 M3/min (1 cfm) 0.1 %

± 1 °C when temp: -20 °C to 50 °C RH: 40 % to 90 % ± 2 °C when temp: -20 °C to 50 °C RH: 20 % to 40 % ± 4 °C when RH: 10 % to 20 %
± 1.2 °C when RH: 20 % to 90 % temp: -20 °C to 50 °C ± 2.1 °C when RH: 10 % to 20 %
N/A The volume flow calculation will be a simple average of the data points times the duct area
N/A

0.1 %

N/A

Did You Know?

Common occupant complaints
Smell (12%) Odor (3%) Too Dry (4%) Too Humid (1%) Noisy (3%) Drafty (1%)

Too Hot (29%)

Too Cold (47%)
Adapted from: Federspiel, C.C. 1998. Statistical Analysis of Unsolicited Thermal Sensation Complaints in Commercial Buildings. ASHRAE Transactions 104(1): 4, 8.

Just the facts:
· 77 % of occupant
complaints are due to thermal conditions
· Technicians will take
from 1.5 to 2 hours to respond to and diagnose those complaints
Fluke 975 helps technicians diagnose conditions quickly and with fewer tools. Do more. Carry less.

Technician using the 975 AirMeter to check for carbon monoxide leaks.

Making the numbers add up: Understanding specifications and performance of indoor air quality test instruments
Air quality test instruments must deliver accurate and verifiable performance, both to ensure precise and reliable air quality diagnosis, and to provide credible answers if results or procedures are challenged. The air quality professional’s reputation depends on the quality and performance of the test tools in use, as well as on their understanding of instrument specifications, technologies, applications and maintenance.
Read more about indoor air parameters, the technology to measure them, and the importance of calibration to optimize performance and promote safety. Read a detailed application note on www.fluke.com/iaq

Measuring air velocity with the Fluke 975 Airmeter using the velocity probes

Air velocity is a key

parameter in evaluating airflow sys-

Measuring air velocity with the Fluke 975 AirMeter: Using the velocity probe

Application Note

tem performance. As part of basic testing, adjusting and balancing of HVAC air distribu-

Air velocity is a key parameter in evaluating airflow system performance. As part of basic testing, adjusting and balancing of HVAC air distribution systems, most HVAC technicians now use an anemometer to measure air velocity at grilles-registers-diffusers, within a duct, or in open spaces.
Anemometers are typically very accurate tools, especially at low velocities, but they must compensate for air temperature, absolute pressure, and ambient absolute pressure. The Fluke 975 AirMeter tool has an accessory velocity probe that uses a thermal anemometer to measure air velocity. A temperature sensor in the probe tip compensates for air temperature, a sensor in the meter reads absolute pressure, and ambient absolute pressure is determined upon meter initialization. For users who prefer to calculate their own compensation factors, the meter will also display air velocity or volume at standard conditions.
This application note describes how to take accurate air volume measurements within a duct, air measurements at grilles-registers-diffusers, and other locations.

tion systems, technicians measure air velocity at grilles/ registers/diffusers within a duct or in open space.

Air volumes within a duct
The ultimate goal of any duct system is to move the required air volume, while keeping all other factors within acceptable limits, and to deliver it in quantities and patterns that serve the intended purpose: heating, cooling, ventilating, exhausting, mixing, humidifying, dehumidifying, or otherwise conditioning the air within a space. Velocity within a duct is determined not only by application, but also by how the duct is designed. Key design factors include: The level of available static pressure that can be overcome by the fan due to friction losses and pressure drops of devices within the air stream; the cost of duct work; the space available for duct work; and acceptable noise levels.

To determine the air volume delivered to all downstream terminal devices, technicians use a duct traverse. Duct traverses can determine air volume in any duct by multiplying average velocity readings by the inside area of the duct. Traverses in main ducts measure total system air volume, which is critical to HVAC system performance, efficiency, and even life expectancy. The difference in air volumes between the main supply duct traverse and the main return duct traverse results in outdoor air volume. A traverse in run-outs is the most accurate way to determine the air volume delivered by the terminal device (grille-register-diffuser). A traverse in exhaust ducts reveals exhaust air volume.

Measuring air velocity in a duct.

From the Fluke Digital Library @ www.fluke.com/library

Read more about effectively measur-

ing airflow and other IAQ and HVAC

issues on www.fluke.com/iaq

7

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Air Composition
Airflow Meter

New! Fluke 922 Airflow Meter
Today’s HVAC technicians want a simple solution for diagnosing ventilation issues. The Fluke 922 makes airflow measurements easy by combining pressure, air flow, and velocity into a single, rugged meter.
Use the Fluke 922 to:
· Ensure proper air flow balance · Monitor pressure to extend HVAC
component life
· Promote good indoor air quality · Maintain a comfortable environment
Features include:
· Powerful meter provides differential and
static pressure, air velocity and flow readings
· Rugged case and holster for real-world use · Easy to use without sacrificing performance · User-defined duct shape and size for maxi-
mum utility
· Convenient colored hoses helps users prop-
erly diagnose pressure readings
· Bright, backlit display for less than ideal
environments
· Min/Max/Average/Hold functions for easy
data analysis
· Auto power off saves battery life

Ordering information
Fluke-922 Airflow Meter
Includes: Two rubber hoses, four AA batteries 1.5 V alkaline, users manual and soft carrying case
8 Fluke-922/Kit
Includes: Fluke 922 Airflow Meter, 12 inch Pitot tube, two rubber hoses, TPak magnetic strip, TPak strap, 9 inches, TPak latch tab, four AA batteries 1.5 V alkaline, users manual, hard carrying case
Optional accessories
PT12 12″ Pitot Tube
Fluke-TPAK ToolPakTM

Operating specifications

Feature
Air Pressure

Range
± 4000 Pascals ± 16 in H2O

Resolution 1 Pascal
0.001 in H2O

± 400 mm
H2O ± 40 mbar

0.1 mm H2O 0.01 mbar

± 0.6 PSI

0.0001 PSI

Air Velocity

250 to 16,000 fpm 1 to 80 m/s

1 fpm 0.001 m/s

Air Flow (Volume)
Temperature

0 to 99,999 cfm 0 to 99,999 m3/hr 0 to 99,999 l/s
0 °C to 50 °C 32 °F to 122 °F

1 cfm 1 m3/hr 1 l/s
± 1 % + 2 °C ± 1 % + 4 °F

Accuracy
± 1 % + 1 Pascal ± 1 % + 0.01 in H2O ± 1 % + 0.1 mm H2O ± 1 % + 0.01 mbar ± 1 % + 0.0001 PSI
± 2.5 % of reading at 2000 fpm (10.00 m/s)
Accuracy is a function of velocity and duct size
0.1 °C 0.1 °F

Quick Tips
How HVAC airflow impacts operating costs
Dirty coils, fans, and filters will increase static pressure by reducing airflow, causing HVAC equipment to work harder to meet occupant loads and increasing energy costs. With HVAC energy costs often comprising over 50 % of the total energy bill, tighter monitoring and control of HVAC airflow can have a direct impact on the bottom line.
· In a study1 on coil clean-
ing and energy savings in a New York City high rise, pressure monitoring and visual inspection led to restoration of the coils and components. The restoration resulted in a 14 % decrease in pressure drop across the coils, a 25 % increase in the coil’s thermal efficiency, and energy savings of up to $40,000 in the first year.
· EPA studies2 show that a 15
cfm airflow differential can impact annual HVAC energy costs by up to 8 % depending upon the HVAC system and variations in climate.
1 Baker, Robert G.; Montgomery, Ross D. “Coil Cleaning and its Resultant Energy Savings and Maintenance Enhancements.” Indoor Air Quality Conference Proceedings, 2006:22-27.
2 “Energy Cost and IAQ Performance of Ventilation Systems and Controls, Project Report #4.” United States Environmental Protection Agency, January 2000:10.

Air Composition
CO Detector and Probe

Fluke CO-220 Carbon Monoxide Meter
· Standalone CO meter that does not require
a digital multimeter
· Large backlit LCD displays CO levels from
0 to 999 ppm, with a resolution of 1 ppm and accuracy of ± 5 %
· Beeper triggers with increasing frequency
as CO levels rise
· MAX hold function stores and displays the
maximum CO level
· Automatic sensor zeroing and self-test upon
startup
Fluke CO-210 Carbon Monoxide Probe
· Used as an accessory to a digital multimeter
with dc millivolt inputs
· Displays CO level readings from 0 to
1000 ppm, with a resolution of 1 ppm and accuracy of ± 5 %
· Also used as a standalone device with an
LED indicator and beeper that triggers with increasing frequency as CO levels rise
Fluke CO-205 Aspirator Kit
The CO-205 flue gas sampling accessory kit contains all the components necessary to provide a clean sample for the Fluke family of gas measuring devices.
The CO-205 accessory kit includes:
· Stainless steel sampling tube · Industrial-grade hand operated aspirator
to draw flue sample
· Easily replaceable particulate filter · Specially designed nose cap for connection
to the Fluke CO-210/220

What is carbon monoxide (CO)?
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas with potentially serious health consequences given adequate exposure.

CO levels Exposure

symptoms

70 to

Flu or food

100 ppm poisoning like:

Mild headaches

Sore eyes

Runny nose

Mild nausea

Shortness of breath

150 to Dizziness

300 ppm Headaches

Drowsiness

Vomiting

400 and Unconsciousness

higher Brain damage

ppm

Death

Treatment options
Get victim to fresh air immediately.
If you can’t get victim out of the building open all windows and doors.
Take victim to a hospital emergency room for a carbon monoxide blood test.

How many people are unintentionally poisoned by CO?
Every year, over 200 people in the United States die from CO produced by fuel- burning appliances (furnaces, ranges, water heaters, room heaters). Others die from CO produced while burning charcoal inside a home, garage, vehicle or tent. Still others die from CO produced by cars left running in attached garages. Several thousand people go to hospital emergency rooms for treatment for CO poisoning.

What is the permissible exposure to CO?
The current Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit (PEL) for carbon monoxide is 50 ppm over an 8-hour time period.

Ordering information

9

Fluke-CO-220 Carbon

Monoxide Meter

Includes: Soft carrying case, battery and instruction sheet

Fluke-CO-210 Carbon Monoxide Probe

Includes: Soft carrying case, battery and instruction sheet

Fluke-CO-205 Aspirator Kit

Includes: Instruction sheet

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Air Composition
Temperature Humidity Meter

Fluke 971 Temperature Humidity Meter The rugged new answer to humidity and temperature in your building.

Quickly take accurate humidity and temperature readings. Temperature and humidity are two important factors in maintaining optimal comfort levels and good indoor air quality. The Fluke 971 is rugged, lightweight, and easy to hold.

Use it to:
· Monitor indoor comfort conditions and
respond to “hot/cold” calls from occupants
· Matching HVAC system capacity to the load · Promote good indoor air quality

Summary specifications

Key features:
· Fast-settling humidity sensor · Instant wet bulb and dewpoint temperature
calculations
· Bright backlit display · Rugged holster and protective twist-open
sensor cover
· Convenient Min/Max feature and data
storage capacity

Feature Temperature range Temperature accuracy
Resolution Temperature update rate Temperature sensor type Relative humidity range Relative humidity accuracy 10 Resolution Response time (humidity) Humidity sensor Data storage

-20 °C to 60 °C (-4 °F to 140 °F)

0 °C to 45 °C

± 0.5 °C

-20 °C to 0 °C and 45 °C to 60 °C

± 1.0 °C

32 °F to 113 °F

± 1.0 °F

-4 °F to 32 °F and 113 °F to 140 °F

± 2.0 °F

0.1 °C / 0.1 °F

500 ms

NTC

5 % to 95 % R.H.

10 % to 90 % R.H. @ 23 °C (73.4 °F)

± 2.5 % R.H.

<10 %, > 90 % R.H. @ 23 °C (73.4 °F)

± 5.0 % R.H.

0.1 % R.H.

For 90 % of total range–60 sec. with 1 m/s air movement

Electronic capacitance polymer film sensor

99 points

Quick Tips
Duct temperatures
Use the Fluke 971 and an infrared thermometer to monitor duct temperatures at the register. Easily calculate dewpoint with the Fluke 971, then compare it to register temperatures to see if they fall below the dewpoint. Use an infrared thermometer in this application as a general indicator only. Many factors come into play when taking IR measurments, such as emissivity and spot-to-distance ratio. Lower temperatures can lead to condensation forming on ductwork. If uninsulated, moisture can fall onto ceiling materials and cause potential mold issues and water damage.
Did you know?
Studies indicate that productivity can increase anywhere from 0.5 % to 5 % given a comfortable work environment. Use the Fluke 971 to monitor and maintain comfortable conditions for your customers–and demonstrate the effectiveness of your repairs.

Ordering information
Fluke-971 Temperature Humidity Meter
Includes: Users manual, and 4 AAA alkaline batteries

Thermal Imaging
Thermal Imager

IR-FusionTM Technology
Infrared and
visible light
images fused
together on
one display.
IR-FusionTM Technology captures a visible light image in addition to the infrared image and takes the mystery out of IR image analysis. It helps to better identify and report suspect components and enable the repair to be done right the first time.

Fluke TiR Series Flexcam Thermal Imagers The expert’s choice for building diagnostics.
High resolution, industry leading sensitivity and large, five-inch color display make these imagers perfect for building diagnostics. IR Fusion technology integrates thermal and visual images. A 180° articulating lens plus onefinger SmartFocus deliver great images when access is poor. Built-in auto- capture, alarm, and analysis functions help you locate intermittent problems (TiR2 and TiR4 only). Powerful analysis and reporting software is included with the TiR cameras.
Use it for:

Moisture detection: Accurately detect moisture behind interior walls, in ceilings, and under carpets.

Roofing: Detect watersaturated insulation in flat-roof systems to locate damaged portions of roofing structure.

Mold remediation: Control mold by revealing undetected sources of moisture.

Energy audits: Perform residential and commercial energy audits by scanning for heat loss, moisture invasion and HVAC problems.

Ordering information

Fluke-TiR2-20 IR FLEXCAM BD Thermal Imager

Fluke-TiR2/FT-20 IR FLEXCAM BD Thermal Imager with IR-Fusion

Fluke-TiR3-20 IR FLEXCAM BD Thermal Imager

Fluke-TiR3/FT-20 IR FLEXCAM BD Thermal Imager with IR-Fusion

Fluke-TiR4-20 IR FLEXCAM BD Thermal Imager with IR-Fusion

Includes: Heavy duty carrying

case, 2 rechargeable battery

packs, battery charger, ac

adapter (for R2 and R4 models

only), video cable, 512 MB com-

pact flash card, compact flash

11

card adaptor and USB cable,

PCMCIA compact flash card

reader, neck strap, SmartViewTM

reporting and analysis, software

on CD and user manual on CD

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Thermal Imaging
Infrared Imager

Ordering information
Fluke-INSXT-20 IR InSight, 20MM, XST
Fluke-INSXS-20 IR InSight, 20MM, XS
12 Includes: Heavy-duty carrying case, 2 rechargeable battery packs, battery charger, video cable, serial/USB download adapter kit/cable, neck strap, SmartView reporting and analysis software on CD and users manual on CD

Fluke IR InSight® Thermal Imagers
The perfect camera for quick,
accurate building surveys.
Combine outstanding image quality and thermal sensitivity. InSight infrared imagers are optimized for low contrast thermal applications encountered in building applications and easily show problems other infrared cameras cannot. These easy-to-use cameras include SmartViewTM software to prepare professional infrared survey reports.
Key features:
· 160 x 120 focal plane array · High resolution, ultra high-quality images · Industry-leading thermal sensitivity
( 0.07 °C NETD)
· Simple, robust one-button operation · 3.5 inch, 30 bit color, high resolution
high-contrast display
· SmartViewTM professional report
writing software

SmartViewTM Software For the XS and XST InSight® Thermal Imagers.

Fluke SmartViewTM software is included with each Fluke InSight Thermal Imager. This powerful software provides all the tools you need to organize your infrared images.
· Easily generate customized, professional
reports
· Images transferred as PGM format and saved
as JPEG or BMP (Microsoft® Word compatible)
· View images in 10 color palette · Parameter controls: Emissivity and
background temperature

For detailed specifications, see www.fluke.com/buildingresources.

Navigate, analyze and enhance IR images

For detailed product specifications visit: www.fluke.com/thermography

Summary specifications for TiR and Insight thermal imagers

Feature

TiR4-FT TiR4 TiR3-FT

TiR3 TiR2-FT TiR2

Insight XST

Insight XS

High-resolution, low noise VOx detector for high-quality images

320 x 240

160 x 120

Temperature range for building diagnostic applications

-20 °C to +100 °C

0 °C to +100 °C

High thermal sensitivity for viewing even the smallest temperature differences

0.05 °C

0.07 °C

180° articulating flexible lens to view images in

every situation

·

·

·

·

·

·

Choice of three interchangeable lenses to cover

every application

·

·

·

·

·

·

Large 5 in. high-contrast color LCD for a clear

picture independent of lighting conditions

·

·

·

·

·

·

Fully radiometric for detailed temperature analysis and tracking

center

imager

·

·

·

·

·

·

point

only

SmartFocus for best image quality and accurate

temperature measurements

·

·

·

·

·

·

Windows CE based menu structure for ease of use

·

·

·

·

·

·

Personalized instrument set-up for multiple user profiles

·

·

·

·

·

·

Compact Flash memory cards store more than 1000 IR images plus fully radiometric temperature data

·

·

·

·

·

·

300

300

SmartView reporting and analysis software

included

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

AutoCapture for making intermittent problems

visible

·

·

·

·

On-board analysis functions

·

·

·

·

User defined text annotations for simplified reporting

·

·

·

·

Built-in visible light (digital) camera

·

·

·

IR-Fusion blending thermal and visible light

images to easily pinpoint suspect components

·

·

·

IR/Visible Alarm function

·

·

·

Laser pointer for easy targeting

·

·

·

Flash and torch light for high quality images in

dark environments

·

·

·

Imaging performance: thermal

Field of view (FOV)*

23° horizontal x 17° vertical

Spatial resolution (IFOV)*

1.30 mrad

2.60 mrad

Minimum focus distance*

0.15 m

Thermal sensitivity (NETD)

0.05 °C at 30 °C

0.07 °C at 30 °C

Detector data acquisition/image frequency Focus

60 Hz SmartFocus; one finger continuous focus

30 Hz

ring focus

13

IR digital zoom

2x, 4x, 8x

2x

Detector type

Vanadium Oxide (VOx) Uncooled Microbolometer

Detector size

320 x 240 Focal Plane Array

160 x 120

Spectral band

8 µm to 14 µm

Digital image enhancement

Automatic full-time enhanced

Temperature measurement

Calibrated temperature range

-20 °C to 100 °C (-4 °F to 212 °F)

0 °C to 100 °C

Accuracy

± 2 °C or 2 % (whichever is greater)

Measurement modes

TiR2/TiR4: Centerpoint, center box (area min/max, average), moveable spots/boxes, user defined field/text annotations, isotherms, automatic hot and cold point detection, visible color alarm above and below TiR3: Centerpoint, center box (area min/max, average)

Emissivity correction

0.1 to 1.0 (0.01 increments)

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

IR Temperature
IR Thermometer

Ordering information
14
Fluke-561 HVACPro
Includes: Type-K thermocouple Velcro pipe probe, Durable hard case, 2 AA batteries, user’s manual with step-bystep application instructions (available in English, Spanish, French, Italian, German, Portuguese, and Simplified Chinese) and two-year warranty

Fluke 561 HVACPro
Multipurpose thermometer for
heating, ventilation, air condition-
ing and refrigeration inspections
Combine the temperature measurement functions professionals need most for inspecting heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. The Fluke 561 HVACPro provides both non-contact, and contact temperature measurements replacing several other test tools. It is fast, efficient and easy to use, saving you valuable time, and effort.
Use it to:
· Measure hot, moving, electrically energized
and hard-to-reach objects instantly
· Check motors, insulation, breakers, radiant
heating, pipes, corroded connections and wires plus scan ducts in the ceiling from the floor without a ladder
· Handy Velcro® pipe probe included for super-
heat and sub-cooling contact measurements
· Or, plug in your own industry-standard
type-K thermocouple probes and get the most out of your tool investments
Key features:
· Compatible with all standard mini-connector
type-K thermocouples
· Velcro pipe probe for superheat, sub-cooling
or other contact and ambient measurements
· Single-point laser sighting, 12:1 distance-to-
spot ratio
· Temperature range optimized for HVAC/R
applications
· Easy emissivity adjustment for measuring
pipes and ducts more accurately
· Lightweight, only 340 grams (12 ounces)
and portable
· Easy to use · Efficient–no need to shut down equipment
when making IR measurements
· MIN, MAX and DIF temperature readings help
you quickly identify problems
· Scan large areas or small objects quickly and
efficiently
· HVAC/R measurement guide included to
maximize your productivity

Indoor air quality: Can your schools pass the test?
Increases in temperature are often the first sign of trouble for mechanical equipment, electrical circuits and building systems such as heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC). Read about how to take basic, quick temperature checks using infrared thermometers at www.fluke. com/iaq

IR Temperature
Mini IR Thermometer

Fluke 62 Mini Infrared Thermometer
Measuring temperature in
hard-to-reach, hot, rotating
or dangerous situations.
The Fluke 62 Mini Non-contact Thermometer is the perfect introduction to infrared (IR) thermometers. With the best accuracy in its class, the Fluke 62 Mini offers quick and reliable surface temperature readings. This compact and portable tool enables professionals to diagnose heating and ventilation problems and monitor the temperature of electrical motors and electrical panels without contact. Rugged enough for industrial environments with its protective rubber “boot”, the 62 Mini also comes with a handy nylon holster, keeping quick temperature checks at your fingertips.
Key features:
· Single point offset laser sighting, 10:1
distance-to-spot ratio
· Best accuracy in its class: +1 % of reading · Holds temperature readings for seven
seconds
· Dual displays shows current and MAX
measurements simultaneously
· Backlit display for poorly lit areas · Comfortable ergonomic handle with
protective rubber boot for added durability
· Fitted carrying case · Robust, award winning design · Wide temperature range from
-30 ºC to 500 ºC (­20 ºF to 932 ºF)

The Fluke 62 Mini Infrared Thermometer
Inspections: Ambient air, diffuser, window, and wall-surface temperature; blower component temperatures; subcooling; electrical inspection. Read a detailed application note on www. fluke.com/iaq

15
Ordering information Fluke-62 Mini Infrared Thermometer
Includes: Storage pouch and instruction sheet

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Fluke test tools to help you get the job done

Fluke 975 AirMeter
See page 6 for details
Fluke 983 Particle Counter
See page 4 for details
Fluke 971 Temperature Humidity Meter
See page 10 for details
Fluke 922 Airflow Meter
16 See page 9 for details
Fluke 116 Digital HVAC Multimeter
See page 22 for details

000124
For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Fluke 561 HVACPro
See page 14 for details
Fluke 902 True-rms HVAC Clamp Meter
See page 20 for details

Fluke IR InSight XS/XST Thermal Imagers
See page 12 for details

Fluke TiR Series IR Flexcam Thermal Imagers

17

Legend

See page 11 for details

Air Comfort

Filtration Ventilation Electrical Motors, Pumps, Drives

Fluke C0-220 Carbon Monoxide Meter

Furnace Buiding Structure

See page 8 for details

TC Temperature
TC Thermometer

Fluke 54-II Fluke 80PK-8

Fluke 54 Thermometer Laboratory accuracy. Wherever you go.

The Fluke 54 Series II contact thermometer offers fast response and laboratory accuracy (0.05 % + 0.3 °C) in a rugged, handheld test tool.
Key features:
· Relative time clock on MIN, MAX, and AVG
provides a time reference for major events
· Electronic offset function allows compen-
sation of thermocouple errors to maximize overall accuracy
· Readout in ºC, ºF, or Kelvin (K) · Splash and dust resistant case protected by
impact absorbing holster
· User-friendly front panel is easy to set up
and operate
· Sleep mode increases battery life; typical
1000-hour battery life
· Battery door allows easy battery replacement
without breaking the calibration seal
· Large backlit dual display shows any
combination of T1, T2, T1-T2, plus MIN, MAX, or AVG
· Recall function allows logged data to be
easily reviewed on the meter display
· IR communication port allows data to be
exported to optional FlukeView® Forms Temperature PC software for further analysis and graphing
· Data Logging up to 500 points of data with
user adjustable recording interval

80PK-8 Pipe Clamp
Temperature Probe · Type-K thermocouple
for fast temperature and superheat measurements of pipe surfaces
· Durable ribbon sensor · Measurement range: -29 °C
to 149 °C (-20 °F to 300 °F) for pipe diameters from 6.4 mm to 34.9 mm (.25 in to 1.375 in)
· One-year warranty · Accessory for use with DMM
with dc millivolt input and 80AK DMM adapter

18
Ordering information
Fluke-54 II Dual Input Digital Thermometer
Includes: Impact absorbing holster and two 80PK-1 beaded probe thermocouples
Fluke-80PK-8 Pipe Clamp Temperature Probe

Gas heat

Carbon monoxide Use a carbon monoxide meter to check for CO leaks around the heat exchanger, flue and other points within a building.

Flue gas

Heated air

Control voltage Use a voltage detector or DMM to test for energized 24 V ac contacts. Use an infrared (IR) thermometer to check for loose connections or overloaded circuits.

Belts and bearings Use an infrared thermometer to check belts for alignment and bearings for excessive friction.

IR THER56M1OHMVEATCEPRro
Cold air

Inducer fan

Control module
Primary voltage

Flame rod µA test Verify proper operation of the flame rectification circuit with a clamp meter or digital multimeter in the µA mode. Compare measured value against flame control module specifications. Typical values vary widely and can be as low as 0.16 to 18.0 µA or more.
If the µA reading is below specification, the flame rod may need to be repositioned, cleaned, or replaced.

52 THERMOMETER HOLD T1
F TYPE T2 K

CANCEL
MIN MAX

°C°FK
T1 T2 T1-T2

HOLD

SETUP

ENTER

Air temperature difference Check the temperature difference across the heat exchanger with a digital thermometer, with the burner working. Expect a 40-75 °F temperature difference (TD). If the TD is low, then the fan is running too fast. If the TD is high, then the fan is running too slow or there is restricted air flow.

Pressure
HVAC Pressure Module

For use with:

Fluke PV350 Pressure Vacuum Module

Key features:
· Compatible with all Fluke and most
popular DMMs
· Digital pressure and vacuum measurements
in a single module
· Transducer sealed in 316 stainless steel
compatible with a variety of liquids and gases
· Measures vacuum to 76 cm Hg · Displays results in English (psig or Hg) or
metric (kPa or cm Hg) units
· Measures pressure to 3447 kPa (500 psig)
Refrigeration cycle

Condenser

Metering device

Evaporator

Liquid psig refrigerant bubble point

Vapor psig refrigerant dew point

Liquid receiver

Compressor

Quick Tips
Measuring superheat and subcooling
To measure superheat:

1. Measure suction pressure with a pressure module and your digital multimeter (DMM). Convert pressure to temperature using your PT chart.
2. Measure the pipe temperature at the outlet of the evaporator with a pipe clamp and your temperature meter.
3. Subtract the difference in temperatures to obtain superheat.
   To measure subcooling:
4. Measure liquid line pressure (or discharge pressure if there is no liquid line access valve) with a pressure module and your DMM. Convert the pressure to temperature using your PT chart.
5. Measure the pipe temperature at the outlet of the condenser with a pipe clamp and your temperature meter.
6. Subtract the difference in temperatures to obtain subcooling.

Fluke 116

Bubble Point Used to determine subcooling

Metering Psia Device

Condenser
Constant temperature lines

Compressor

Evaporator

BTU’s/Lb-Enthalpy

Dew Point – Used to determine superheat

Pressure-Enthalpy (PH) diagram for refrigerant blends

19

Superheat temperature measurement points.

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Ordering information
Fluke-PV350 Pressure Vacuum Module

HVAC Electrical Tools
Voltage Detectors

Fluke 1AC-II/1LAC-II VoltAlertTM Easy-To-Use Voltage Detector.
The next generation VoltAlertTM ac non-contact voltage testers from Fluke are easy to use–just touch the tip to a terminal strip, outlet, or supply cord. When the tip glows red and the unit beeps, you know there is voltage present. Electricians, maintenance, service, safety personnel and homeowners can quickly test for energized circuits in the workplace or at home.
Two models to choose from:
· 1AC-II: detects voltage from
90 V ac to 1000 V ac
· 1LAC-II: detects voltage from
20 V ac to 90 V ac
Key features:
· Fits in a shirt pocket for convenience · All outer surfaces are non- conductive
for safety
· Detects voltage without metallic contact · Quickly locates the hot, neutral and
ground terminals in any receptacle
· Certified up to CAT IV 1000 V

Verifying lockout/tagout electrically safe status
For non-electricians working in electrical environments
Lockout/Tagout procedures specify the steps electricians must follow to remove power from an electrical circuit or panel, and to lock out and tag the panel or circuit, so that no one can re-energize it while work is in progress. Read a detailed application note on www.fluke.com/iaq

20
Ordering information Fluke-1AC-II Voltage Detector Fluke-1LAC-II Voltage Detector

HVAC Electrical Tools
True-rms Clamp Meter

Summary specifications
Feature Voltage dc Voltage ac (true-rms) Current ac (true-rms) Current dc Resistance Continuity Temperature* (Type-K thermocouple)
Capacitance Warranty

New Fluke 902 True-rms HVAC Clamp Meter
Clamp designed just for HVAC
professionals.
Heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) technicians require a service tool that can consistently keep up with their demands. The Fluke 902 expands the existing line of quality Fluke clamp meters by delivering the features necessary to diagnose and repair HVAC systems. Combined with true-rms technology and a CAT III 600 V rating, the Fluke 902 helps technicians do their jobs safely and accurately.
Use it to:
· Capture flue gas temperatures · Conduct flame rod testing · Measure start and run motor capacitors
Key features:
· Capacitance · DC current to 200 uA · Contact temperature (Type-K thermocouple) · True-rms · Min/Max · Hold

Range 0 to 600.0 V 0 to 600.0 V 0 to 600.0 A 0 to 200.0 µA 0 to 9999 W
-10 °C to 400 °C (-14 °F to 752 °F) -40 °C to -10 °C (-40 °F to -14 °F) 1 µF to 1000 µF

Accuracy 1 % ± 5 counts 1 % ± 5 counts (50/60 Hz) 2.0 % ± 5 counts (50/60 Hz) 1.0 % ± 5 counts 1.5 % ± 5 counts
<= 30 W ± 1.0 % + 0.8 °C
(± 1.0 % + 1.5 °F) typical ± 5.0 % + 1.5 °C
(± 5.0 % + 3.3 °F) typical 1.9 % ± 2 counts
Three-years

Why true-rms matters for HVAC technicians
Non-linear loads need a true-rms test tool for accurate readings For today’s HVAC technician, troubleshooting electrical problems is becoming more difficult without the use of true-rms test tools. This is due in part to the proliferation of new solid state adjustable speed motor drives and heating controls containing power semiconductors or rectifiers. These loads are referred to as “non-linear.” Non-linear loads draw current in short pulses rather than the smooth sine wave drawn by a linear load such as an induction motor. The current wave shape can have a drastic effect on a test tool reading. Read a detailed application note on www.fluke.com/iaq
21
Ordering information
Fluke-902 HVAC Clamp Meter
Includes: AA alkaline batteries (2), users manual (w/safety information), soft carrying case, TL75 Test Leads (1 pair), and 80BK Integrated DMM Temperature Probe (1)

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

HVAC Electrical Tools
Temperature DMM

Fluke 116 HVAC Multimeter with Thermometer
Measures temperature
and microamperes
The Fluke 116 was specifically designed for the HVAC professional. It has everything needed in an HVAC meter including temperature and microamp measurements to quickly troubleshoot problems with HVAC equipment and flame sensors. Use the Fluke 116 to test motor start and run capacitors up to 10,000 microfarads. Rely on the Fluke 116 to make your everyday measurements–up to 600 volts ac or dc, 40 MW, diode test and exceptionally fast continuity.
Key features:
· Built in thermometer · Microamps to test flame sensors · LoZ: helps prevent false readings due to
ghost voltage
· Resistance, continuity, frequency and
capacitance
· Min/Max/Average · Compact ergonomic design · Compatible with optional magnetic hanger
(ToolPakTM)
· CAT III 600 V safety rated · IP52 rating for dust and water protection

Quick Tips
Understanding Ohm’s Law

(V) Voltage

(A)

()

Current Resistance

V = A x
Where: V = Volts A = Current in Amps = Resistance in Ohms
Ohm’s Law explains the relationship between voltage, current and resistance. Put your finger over the value you want to find. Multiply the remaining values if sideby-side; divide if one is over the other. But it really is much easier just to use your DMM.

22
Ordering information Fluke-116 HVAC Multimeter with Temperature and Microamps
Includes: TL75 Test Leads, 80BK Integrated Temperature Probe, holster, User’s manual and 9 V battery (installed).

Function
mV dc true rms V dc mV ac true rms V ac true rms Resistance
Capacitance
Lo-Z Capacitance Temperature (Type K) AC µA true rms (45 Hz to 500 Hz) DC µA Frequency

Range and resolution
600.0 mV 6.000 V, 60.00 V, 600.0 V
600.0 mV 6.000 V, 60.00 V, 600.0 V 600.0 W, 6.000 kW, 60.00 kW, 600.0 kW, 6.000 MW, 40.00 MW 1000 nF, 10.00 µF, 100.0 µF, 9999 µF 100 µF to 1000 µF, > 1000 µF
1 nF to 500 µF -40 °C to 400 °C (-40 °F to 752 °F)
600.0 µA
600.0 µA 99.99 Hz, 999.9 Hz, 9.999 Hz, 50.00 kHz

Best accuracy ± ([% of reading] + [counts])
2.0 % + 3 2.0 % + 3 1.0 % + 3 1.0 % + 3
0.9 % + 1
1.9 % + 2
10 % + 2 typical 1 % + 10 (1 % + 18)
1.5 % + 3 (2.5 % + 3 > 500 Hz)
1.0 % + 2 0.1 % + 2

HVAC Electrical Tools
Insulation Multimeters

Fluke 1587 Insulation Multimeters
Two powerful tools in one.
The Fluke 1577 and 1587 Insulation Multimeters combine a digital insulation tester with a full-featured, true-rms digital multimeter in a single compact, handheld unit, which provides maximum versatility for both troubleshooting and preventative maintenance. Like other tools you have come to expect from Fluke, the 1577 and 1587 are rugged, reliable, and easy to use. Whether you work on motors, generators, cables, or switch-gear, the Fluke 1577 and 1587 Insulation Multimeters are ideally suited to help you with your tasks.
Key features:
· Insulation test (1587: 0.01 MW to 2 GW)
(1577: 0.1 MW to 600 MW)
· Insulation test voltages (1587: 50 V, 100 V,
250 V, 500 V, 1000 V), (1577: 500 V, 1000 V) for many applications
· Live circuit detection prevents insulation
test if voltage > 30 V is detected for added user protection
· Auto-discharge of capacitive voltage for
added user protection
· Filter for motor drive measurements
(1587 only)
· AC/DC voltage, dc millivolts, ac/dc
milliamps, resistance (W) and continuity
· Capacitance, diode test, temperature,
Min/Max, frequency (Hz) (1587 only)
· Auto power off to save battery power · Large display with backlight and large digits · Accepts optional Fluke TPAKTM magnetic
hanging system to free your hands for other work
· Rugged, utility hard case allows you to bring
everything you need for the job
· Three-year warranty

Insulation resistance testing
Insulation resistance testers can be used to determine the integrity of windings or cables in motors, transformers, switchgear, and electrical installations. The most important reason for testing insulation is to insure public and personal safety. The second most important reason for insulation testing is to protect and prolong the life of electrical systems and motors. Read more about the importance of insulation testing and the tools and techniques to use in the application note on www.fluke.com/electrical

23

Ordering information
Fluke-1577 Insulation Multimeter
Fluke-1587 Insulation Multimeter
Includes: Remote probe, test leads, alligator clips, type-K thermocouple (1587 only), hard case, and user documentation.

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Test Leads and Probes

Accessories
Test Lead and Probe in One
TL71 Premium DMM Test Lead Set
· Flexible silicone insulated leads are heat and
cold resistant
· Distinctive comfort grip probes · Recommended for µV
measurements
· CAT III 1000 V, 10 A,
CAT IV 600 V, 10 A
· Use with 16, 179, 87V DMM and
336 Clamp Meter

TL81A Deluxe Electronic Test Lead Set
· 22 piece set with quadfold pouch · Includes mini alligator clips, hooks and
pincers for virtually every electronic need
· Slide-on lc probe tip adapter and test
lead couplers
· Both modular test leads and lead-probe
combinations
· CAT II 300 V · Use with 179 and 87V DMM
TL910 Electronic Test Probes with replacement tips
· Small profile provides
accessibility
· Comes with five sets
of replaceable tips
· Replacement tips: TP912 · CAT III 1000 V, 3 A
24 Push-On Clips AC72 Alligator Clips
· Slide-on style for test probes · Jaws open to 8 mm · For use with TL71 and TL75
test lead and probe sets
· CAT III 1000 V, 10 A,
CAT IV 600 V, 10 A

TL76 2 mm/4 mm Test Lead Set
· 2 mm threaded probes with removable 4 mm
banana-style spring contacts
· Flexible 1.5 m silicone leads · CAT III 1000 V, CAT IV 600 V, 10 A · Use with 16, 179, 87V DMM and
336 Clamp Meter
Sets and Kits TL220 Industrial Test Lead Set
· Starter kit for industrial applications · TP220 has round, stainless steel tip · Includes one pair: AC220, TP220 and
TL222
· CAT III 1000 V, CAT IV 600 V, 10 A · Use with 16, 179, 87V DMM and
336 Clamp Meter
High-Voltage Probes 80K-40 High Voltage Probes
· Allows a digital multimeter to measure
up to 40,000 volts peak
· 1000:1 division ratio output when
connected to 10 MW multimeter
· Ground clip included · Intended for low energy applica-
tions that are referenced to ground

Accessories

AC Current Clamp

Adapters

Holster

i400s AC current clamp for oscilloscopes
and power quality analyzers
· Pair a current clamp with your scope
or power quality meter to measure up to 400 A ac
· Only current
clamp available with a CAT IV 600 V/CAT II 1000 V safety rating makes them ideal companions for modern CAT IV rated meters
· Specially designed to offer maximum utility
in a compact shape
· Take accurate current readings without
breaking the circuit
· Soft non-slippery overmold handle · Can be used with DMMs with optional
PM9081/001 BNC/Banana adapter

PM9081
· Dual
Banana Plug 4 mm male to female BNC Adapter
· The set consists of two adapters

C10 Meter Holster
· Snap on yellow
holster absorbs shocks and protects meter from rough handling
· Fits Fluke 10
Series DMMs

Temperature Accessories
80AK DMM Adapter
· Adapts type-K
thermocouple mini-connector to dual banana plug inputs
· Compatible with
all Fluke DMMs with temperature measurement functions

Soft Cases
C12A Meter Case
· Zippered carrying case
with inside pockets and belt loop
· For 110, 111,
112, 12 and 16 DMMs

Modular Clips (for use with test leads)
AC220 SureGripTM Alligator Clips
· Insulated, nickel plated jaws
grip objects up to 3/8 in.
· Blunt tip grabs round
screw heads
· CAT III 1000 V,
CAT IV 600 V, 10 A
AC285 SureGripTM Alligator Clips
· Multi-purpose tooth pattern
grips anything from fine gauge wire to a 3/4 in. nut
· Nickel-plated steel jaws · CAT III 1000 V,
CAT IV 600 V, 10 A

80BK Integrated DMM
Temperature Probe
· Compatible with all Fluke
DMMs with temperature measurement functions
· Type-K thermocou-
ple with standard banana jack

C90 Meter Case
· Zippered carrying case
with inside pocket and belt loop
· Holds mid-
sized DMMs and process meters

· Measurement
range: -40 °C to 260 °C (-40 °F to 500 °F)

C25 Meter Case
· Zippered carrying case
with padding and inside

80PK-11 Type-K VelcroTM Temperature Probe
· Designed for hands
free measurement

pocket
· Holds large
DMMs and process meters

of HVAC tempera-

C125 Meter Case

ture measuring applications
· Use multiple and

· Zippered carry-
ing case with detachable

25

leave in place for

external pouch

route-based

routine maintenance

· Use with any temperature

measuring instrument

designed to accept type-K

thermocouples

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

A detailed list of heating, air conditioning, and HVAC terms
Glossary

Absolute humidity: The mass of water vapor per unit volume of air.
Absolute pressure: Pressure above a perfect vacuum. Absolute pressure is the sum of gage pressure plus atmospheric pressure.
Air exchange rate: Used in two ways: 1. the number of times the outdoor air replaces the volume of air in a building per unit time, typically expressed as air changes per hour; 2. the number of times that the ventilation system replaces the air within a room or area within the building.
Air flow: The movement of air from one location to another, commonly measured in cubic feet per minute (CFM).
Air velocity: The distance traveled per unit of time, commonly measured in feet per minute (FPM).
Air handling unit (AHU): Refers to equipment that includes a blower or fan, heating and/or cooling coils, and related equipment such as controls, condensate drain pans, and air filters. Does not include ductwork, registers or grilles, or boilers and chillers.
Allergen: A substance capable of causing an allergic reaction because of an individual’s sensitivity to that substance.
Ambient air: Unconditioned atmospheric air.
Atmospheric pressure: Standard atmosphere is the pressure equivalent of 14.696 psi or 29.921 in. Hg at sea level. Measured with a barometer, it is an indication of the “weight” of the air.
Boiler: A pressure vessel that safely and efficiently transfers heat to water.

Carbon monoxide: A clear, odorless gas made when carbon or other fuel is burned during the combustion process. The gas is poisonous, with exposure resulting in symptoms such as headaches, nausea, or even death.
Ceiling plenum: Space below the flooring and above the suspended ceiling that accommodates the mechanical and electrical equipment and that is used as part of the air distribution system. The space is kept under negative pressure.
Central air handling unit (Central AHU): This is the same as an Air Handling Unit, but serves more than one area.
Chiller: Hydronic air conditioning system which cools water, which cools air.
Compressor: Mechanical device that compresses refrigerant or other fluid.
Condensate: Liquid formed when a vapor has cooled below its dewpoint.
Condenser: Heat exchanger that removes heat from high-pressure refrigerant vapor.
Conditioned air: Air that has been heated, cooled, humidified, or dehumidified to maintain an interior space within the “comfort zone.” (Sometimes referred to as “tempered” air.)
Constant air volume systems: Air handling system that provides a constant air flow while varying the temperature to meet heating, and cooling needs.
Cooling coil: Typically copper or aluminum tubing arranged to transfer the heat from air to a refrigerant.

BTU: British Thermal Unit. A measure of the heat given off when fuel is combusted. One BTU is equal to the heat necessary to raise one pound of water 1 °F.

Dampers: Controls that vary airflow through an air outlet, inlet, or duct. A damper position may be immovable, manually adjustable or part of an automated control system.

Building envelope: Elements of the building, including all external building materials, windows, and walls, that enclose the internal space.

Demand controlled ventilation: Any system used to vary air intake rates based upon the loads placed upon the system, given a predefined space.

Building-related illness (BRI): Diagnosable

Dewpoint temperature (dp): Temperature below

illness whose symptoms can be identified and

which moisture in the air begins to condense.

26

whose cause can be directly attributed to airborne

building pollutants (e.g., Legionnaire’s disease,

Differential pressure: The difference in static

hypersensitivity pneumonitis).

pressure measured between two locations.

Capacity: The output of a heating or cooling system for a given amount of space. For heating, this is usually expressed in BTU’s. For cooling, it is usually expressed in tons.

Diffusers: Components of the ventilation system that distribute and diffuse air to promote air circulation in the occupied space. Diffusers supply air, and grilles return air.

Carbon dioxide: (CO2), a clear, odorless gas found in nature (around 380 ppm), most commonly associated with respired air. The gas is largely considered non- poisonous, but can result in suffocation in sufficient quantities.

Draft: Air movement resulting in a local cooling effect on the body. The intensity of the draft is dependent upon a variety of factors which include air velocity, temperature, occupant activity, and occupant clothing.

Drain trap: A dip in the drain pipe of sinks, toilets, floor drains, etc., which is designed to stay filled with water, thereby preventing sewer gases from escaping into the room.

Dry bulb temperature: Measurement of sensible heat.
Economizer: A mechanical device that makes system adjustments in response to changing conditions in order to maximize energy efficiency. An economizer typically contains a thermostat control that opens the dampers when outside air temperatures are lower than indoors, providing “free cooling”. Many economizers will incorporate humidity sensors to ensure outside air is both cool and dry enough to allow indoors, unconditioned.

Heat exchanger: Material that transfers heat from one substance to another without allowing the substances to mix.
Heat pump: Mechanical compression refrigeration system that contains devices and controls that reverse the flow of refrigerant. Reversing the flow of refrigerant switches the relative position of the evaporator and condenser.
Heat: Form of energy identified by temperature difference or a change of state.

Emissivity: The efficiency with which the surface material of a certain object emits energy. Emissivity is an important consideration in using infrared to measure temperatures on reflective surfaces.
Enthalpy: (h) Total heat contained in a substance, which is the sum of sensible heat and latent heat.
Evaporator coil: Cools and dehumidifies the air by converting liquid refrigerant into a gas, which absorbs the heat from the air.
Exfiltration: The controlled or uncontrolled movement of air out of a building, through cracks, and other openings.
Exhaust air: Air that is removed from a space, and not recirculated into the system.
Exhaust ventilation: Mechanical removal of air from a portion of a building (e.g., piece of equipment, room, or general area).
Fan coil: A component of a heat pump system, used to provide additional heat when the heat pump does not provide adequate heating.

HEPA: High efficiency particulate arrestance (filters).
Hydronic heating system: Heating system that uses water, steam, or other fluid to carry heat from the point of generation to the point of use.
Indoor air pollutant: Particles and dust, fibers, mists, bioaerosols, and gases or vapors.
Infiltration air: Air that flows into a building when outer doors are open or when air leaks in through cracks around doors, windows, or other openings.
Laminar air flow: Streamlined airflow in which the entire mass of air within a designated space moves with uniform velocity in one direction along parallel flow lines with minimal mixing.
Latent heat: Heat identified by a change of state and no temperature change.
Load: The amount of heat imposed on a refrigerant system, or the required rate of heat removal in order to maintain a constant temperature in a building. Typically expressed as a unit of heat per unit of time (i.e. BTU/hr).

Filter efficiency: The ratio of particles trapped by filter media compared to the total number of par-

Makeup air: Air that is used to replace air that is lost to exhaust.

ticles found in the air upstream of the filter.

Mixed air: A combination of return air and

Filter, HEPA: High-efficiency particulate arrestance (HEPA) filter that is at least 99.97 percent efficient

outside air, prior to conditioning and being supplied to the building.

in removing particulate matter with a diameter of 0.3 micrometers or greater.

Negative pressure: Condition that exists when less air is supplied to a space than is exhausted

Flame rod: Combustion safety control that conducts electricity through a flame for flame detection.

from the space, so the air pressure within that space is less than that in surrounding areas. Under this condition, if an opening exists, air will

Forced-air heating system: Uses air to carry heat.

flow from surrounding areas into the negatively

Fungi: Any of a group of parasitic lower plants that

pressurized space.

27

lack chlorophyll, including molds and mildews.

Organic compounds: Chemicals that contain

Green buildings: The building industry is increasingly focused on making its buildings “greener,” which includes using healthier, less polluting and more resource-efficient practices. Indoor envi-

carbon. Volatile organic compounds vaporize at room temperature and pressure. They are found in many indoor sources, including common household products, and building materials.

ronmental quality (IEQ) refers to the quality of

Outdoor air supply: Air brought into a building

the air and environment inside buildings, based

from the outdoors (often through the ventilation

on pollutant concentrations and conditions that

system) that has not been previously circulated

can affect the health, comfort and performance of

through the system. Also known as “Make-up Air.”

occupants–including temperature, relative humid-

ity, light, sound, and other factors. Good IEQ is an

essential component of any building, especially a

green building.

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

A detailed list of heating, air conditioning, and HVAC terms
Glossary

Particulate: Small liquid or solid particles found in air or emissions. Airborne particles can be generated as a result of a mechanical break up of solid matter (“coarse particles”) or through chemical reactions or condensing gases (“fine particles”). Typically measured in micrometers, particle sizes vary greatly in size and therefore behavior. Particles greater than 1 micron tend to settle out of the atmosphere but remain suspended given sufficient air currents. Particles ranging from 0.1 to 1 micron tend to stay airborne with the slightest air movement, and smaller than 0.1 will typically remain suspended indefinitely.
PELs: Permissible Exposure Limits (standards set by the Occupational, Safety and Health Administration, OSHA).
Pickup: Additional heat needed to warm the water in a hydronic heating system after a period of offtime such as overnight.
Plenum: Air compartment connected to a duct or ducts.
Pollutant pathways: Avenues for distribution of pollutants in a building. HVAC systems are the primary pathways in most buildings; however all building components interact to affect how air movement distributes pollutants.
Positive pressure: Condition that exists when more air is supplied to a space than is exhausted, so the air pressure within that space is greater than that in surrounding areas. Under this condition, if an opening exists, air will flow from the positively pressurized space into surrounding areas.
Pressure drop: Decrease in water pressure caused by friction between water and the inside surface of a pipe as the water moves through the pipe.

RELs: Recommended Exposure Limits (recommendations made by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)).
Respirable particles: Airborne particles that are of a size that can penetrate into the lower respiratory tract. Such particles are often labeled “PM10” particles, which include particulate matter with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less.
Return air: The air that is removed from a space and recirculated or exhausted to the outside.
RMS: “root mean square.” It comes from a mathematical formula that calculates the “effective” value (or heating value) of any ac wave shape. “True-rms” calculates the heating value based upon the rms formula, providing an accurate value regardless of the wave shape.
Saturated air: Air which cannot hold more moisture, where the addition of moisture will result in condensation.
SEER: The Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio is a measure of the cooling efficiency of an air conditioner or heat pump. The ratio is defined as the total output provided by the unit over a typical usage period divided by the total energy input over the same period of time. The higher the SEER number, the more efficient the system is at converting electricity into cooling power.
Sensible heat: Heat that does not involve a change of state measured with a thermometer or sensed by a person.
Setpoint temperature: 1. In a forced-air heating system, the temperature at which the switch in a thermostat opens and closes. 2. In a hydronic heating system, the temperature at which the boiler water is maintained.

Static pressure: In flowing air, the total pressure minus velocity pressure. The portion of the pressure that pushes equally in all directions.

Sick building syndrome (SBS): Term that refers to a set of symptoms that affect some number of building occupants during the time they spend in the building and diminish or go away during peri-

Total pressure: In flowing air, the sum of the static ods when they leave the building. Cannot be traced

pressure and the velocity pressure.

to specific pollutants or sources within the building.

Velocity pressure: In flowing air, the pressure due

(Contrast with “Building related illness”).

to the velocity, and density of the air.

Sources: Sources of indoor air pollutants. Indoor

28

Radiant heat transfer: Radiant heat transfer

air pollutants can originate within the building or be drawn in from outdoors. Common sources

occurs when there is a large difference between

include people, room furnishings such as carpet-

the temperatures of two surfaces that are exposed

ing, photocopiers, art supplies, etc.

to each other, but are not touching.

Register: Device that covers the opening of the supply ductwork.

Specific heat: Ability of a material to hold heat. Expressed as the ratio of the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance

Reheat: Heat supplied at the point of use while a ventilated air supply comes from a central

1 °F to that required to raise the temperature of an equal mass of water 1 °F

location.

Stack effect: The overall upward movement of

Relative humidity (rh): Amount of moisture in the air compared to the amount of moisture the air would hold if it were saturated.

air inside a building that results from heated air rising and escaping through openings in the building super structure, thus causing an indoor pressure level lower than that in the soil gas

beneath or surrounding the building foundation.

Static pressure: Pressure exerted in all directions by a fluid or gas at rest. For fluids in motion, measured perpendicular to the direction of flow.
Steam trap: Steam boiler accessory that removes air and condensate from steam lines, and heating units.
Subcooling: Process of cooling of a substance such as a refrigerant to a temperature that is lower than the saturated temperature of the substance at a particular pressure.
Superheat: Sensible heat that is added to a substance after the substance has turned to vapor.
Supply air: A conditioned mixture of return air, and outside air delivered to a space.
Time-weighted average concentration (TWA): Refers to concentrations of airborne materials which have been weighted for a certain time duration, usually eight hours.
(TLV) threshold limit value: A time-weighted average concentration under which most people can work consistently for eight hours a day, day after day, without suffering harmful effects. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists publishes a table of these values and accompanying precautions annually.
Ton: A unit of measure for cooling capacity. One ton=12,000 BTUs per hour.
Unit ventilator: A fan-coil unit package device for applications in which the use of outdoor- and return-air mixing is intended to satisfy tempering requirements, and ventilation needs.
Unitary system: Air conditioning system that has all components enclosed in one cabinet.

Variable air volume system (VAV): Air distribution system in which the air flow rate in the building spaces is varied by mixing dampers, but the temperature of the supply air remains constant.
Ventilation rate: The rate at which indoor air enters and leaves a building. Expressed in one of two ways: the number of changes of outdoor air per unit of time (air changes per hour, or “ach”) or the rate at which a volume of outdoor air enters per unit of time (cubic feet per minute, or “cfm”).
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs): Compounds that vaporize (become a gas) at room temperature. Common sources which may emit VOCs into indoor air include housekeeping and maintenance products, and building and furnishing materials. In sufficient quantities, VOCs can cause eye, nose, and throat irritations, headaches, dizziness, visual disorders, memory impairment; some are known to cause cancer in animals; some are suspected of causing, or are known to cause, cancer in humans.
Wet-bulb temperature: The lowest air temperature that can be reached through evaporation at a specific air saturation point. Wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures will be identical at 100 % air saturation.
Zone: The occupied space or group of spaces within a building which has its heating or cooling controlled by a single thermostat.
Sources
From http://www.epa.gov/iaq/glossary.html Used with permission from Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning, 3rd Edition, Swanson, Don, American Technical Publishers, 2004.
From U.S. EPA, “Building Air Quality: A Guide for Building Owners and Facility Managers,” 1991.

29

For more product information and detailed specifications, go to www.fluke.com

Technical library
Resource gallery

We at Fluke understand how much you are being asked to do, and how challenging staying up to date on the industry, the tools, and your job can be. We’ve created resource centers which are a library of application notes, case studies and programs all designed with the goal of helping you do your job better. These pages show some of the HVAC/IAQ materials we’ve created which you might find informative. Order them from the Fluke web site at http://www.fluke.com/iaq or request them from your local distributor.

HVAC/IAQ tool box Description Airflow quick reference guide Cleanroom chart Particle size chart Pressure temperature chart Airborne Respiratory Pathogen chart Poster on commercial building cut-away Hospital IAQ poster Air conditioning and refrigeration troubleshooting guide poster Heating system common test point poster Ohm’s law poster Understanding Safety Categories Poster Pressure Temperature Pocket Card

Literature code 2806211 2547978 2534962 2114645 2645772 2693496 2547991 2114638
2114623 2100120 2096630 1265816

922 airflow quick reference guide Building diagnostics poster

Application notes
Description
Indoor air quality: Can your schools pass the test?
Airborne particle counters provide vital information for maintaining indoor air quality in healthcare facilities
Indoor Air Quality: New Fluke Tools promise to help diagnose and fix an ancient problem
Making the Numbers Add Up: Understanding Specifications and Performance of Indoor Air Quality Test Instruments
When Startup Inspections Pay Off for HVAC
Growing your business through indoor air quality particulate profiling
30 Evaluating Indoor Air Quality Evaluating relative humidity: Key factors and measurements
Troubleshooting compressors and the HVAC/R refrigeration cycle for mechanical problems
Electrical safety for CIH professionals
Investigating residential humidity complaints
Fossil fuel heating equipment principles and troubleshooting techniques
ABCs of DMMs: Multimeter features and functions explained
Fundamental IAQ/HVAC measurements with the Fluke 975 AirMeterTM
Measuring air velocity with the Fluke 975 AirMeterTM using the velocity probe

Literature code 2519671 2461172 2429205 2722838
2743037 2457379 2425967 2522930 2434058 2507362 2524516 2434064 1260898
2802154
2786472

Air conditioning and refrigeration troubleshooting guide poster Particle size chart

Indoor air quality: Can your schools pass the test?

Investigating residential humidity complaints

Indoor Air Quality: New Fluke Tools promise to help diagnose and fix an ancient problem

Troubleshooting compressors and the HVAC/R refrigeration cycle for mechanical problems

31
Remember to visit the resource center at www.fluke.com/iaq often and look for new materials and information, including news feeds from industry sources.

These are the newest products from Fluke
What’s new from Fluke
Get more done with Fluke tools.

Fluke 975 AirMeterTM
For more information, see page 6.
Fluke 922 Airflow Meter
For more information, see page 8.
Fluke IR InSight Infrared Imagers
For more information, see page 12. Your authorized Fluke distributor

Fluke 561 HVACPro IR Thermometer
For more information, see page 14.
Fluke 902 True-rms HVAC Clamp
For more information, see page 21.
Fluke. Keeping your world up and running.TM
Fluke Corporation PO Box 9090, Everett, WA USA 98206 Fluke Europe B.V. PO Box 1186, 5602 BD Eindhoven, The Netherlands For more information call: In the U.S.A. (800) 443-5853 or Fax (425) 446-5116 In Europe/M-East/Africa +31 (0) 40 2675 200 or Fax +31 (0) 40 2675 222 In Canada (800)-36-FLUKE or Fax (905) 890-6866 From other countries +1 (425) 446-5500 or Fax +1 (425) 446-5116 Web access: http://www.fluke.com ©2007 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Printed in U.S.A. 1/2007 2425959 B-EN-N Rev C

References

• Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) | US EPA
• Fluke Corporation: Fluke Electronics, Calibration and Networks
• Comprobación de las interconexiones eléctricas | Fluke
• Best Thermal Cameras | Infrared Thermal Imaging Camera | Fluke

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