YOUNG 92000 Weather Transmitter Instructions

YOUNG 92000 Weather Transmitter

INTRODUCTION

The Model 92000 ResponseONEtm Weather Transmitter measures four key meteorological variables with one compact instrument. It is ideal for many weather monitoring applications requiring accurate, reliable measurement.
The sensor features durable corrosion-resistant construction throughout. An ultrasonic wind sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor, and temperature and humidity sensors are carefully integrated into a convenient, streamlined package. Connections are provided for the optional tipping bucket rain gauge. The ResponseONE installs on a readily available 1-inch (IPS) pipe. Wiring connections are made in a convenient, weatherproof junction box; special connectors and custom cables are not needed. Measured data is output in a serial format. NMEA, SDI-12, and ASCII protocols are available to suit many applications. Continuous serial output or polled operation may be used. RS-232 or RS-485 serial format option allows direct connection to YOUNG displays, marine NMEA systems, data loggers, or other compatible serial devices. Operating parameters are easily reviewed and changed using the ResponseONE CONFIG program provided. All settings are stored internally in non-volatile memory.

SPECIFICATIONS

• WIND SPEED

  • Range: 0-70 m/s (156 mph)
  • Resolution: 0.01 m/s
  • Accuracy: 0 – 30 m/s ±2% or 0.3 m/s
  • 30 – 70 m/s ±3%

• WIND DIRECTION

  • Azimuth Range: 0-360 degrees
  • Resolution: 0.1 degree
  • Accuracy: ± 2 degrees

• TEMPERATURE

  • Range: -40 – +60°C
  • Resolution: 0.1°C
  • Accuracy: ± 0.3°C (-20 – +50°C)
  • ± 0.7°C (other)

• RELATIVE HUMIDITY

  • Range: 0 – 100%
  • Resolution: 0.1%
  • Accuracy: ± 2% (5 – 95%)

• ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

  • Range: 500 – 1100 hPa
  • Resolution: 0.1 hPa
  • Accuracy: ± 0.3 hPa (0 – 60°C)
  • ± 1 hPa (-40 – 0°C)

• TIPPING BUCKET RAIN GAUGE
  Connection for external tipping bucket rain gauge is provided (normally open magnetic reed switch)

• SERIAL OUTPUT (Selectable)

  • Interface Type: RS-232 or RS-485/422, SDI-12
  • Formats: ASCII Text – polled or continuous
  • NMEA – continuous
  • SDI-12 – polled
  • Baud Rates: 1200, 4800, 9600, 19200 and 38400

• GENERAL

  • Output rate: 1 Hz typical
  • Power Supply: 10 – 30 VDC,
  • 7 mA typical, 80 mA max
  • Protection Class: IP65
  • EMC Compliance: FCC Class A digital device
  • IEC standard 61326-1
  • Dimensions: 30 cm high x 13 cm wide
  • Weight: 0.7 kg (1.5 lb)
  • Shipping Weight: 1.6 kg (3.5 lb)
  • Operating Temperature: -40 – +60°C

BEFORE INSTALLATION

UNPACKING THE ResponseONE
The ResponseONE comes in a custom shipping carton. Carefully inspect the instrument when first unpacking and report any visible damage to your YOUNG supplier. Be sure to retain the bird spikes and orientation ring for use.

1.  The ultrasonic wind sensor array
2.  Integrated pressure T/RH sensor (inside protective filter)
3.  Temperature screen
4.  Junction box / wiring terminals
5.  Mounting post clamp
6.  Orientation ring
7.  Sensor cable (ordered separately)
8.  Bird spikes

FACTORY DEFAULT CONFIGURATION

1. Protocol: RS-232 ASCII / RS485 (output only)
2. Baud Rate: 9600
3. Wind Format: Polar
4. Wind Units: m/s, Degrees azimuth
5. Temperature: Celsius
6. Relative Humidity: Percent RH
7. Pressure: hPa

INSTALLATION

PLACEMENT
Proper instrument placement is important. Eddies from buildings, trees, or other structures can influence measurements. Locate the sensor well away from obstructions. As a general rule, air flow around a structure is disturbed to 10 times the height of the structure downwind and 1-1/2 times the height of the structure above the roof.

MOUNTING AND ALIGNMENT
The ResponseONE mounts on a standard 1-inch (IPS) pipe. This is commonly available steel pipe with an outside diameter of 1.34 inches (34 mm). The mounting pipe should be installed securely in a vertical orientation. Most applications require aligning the wind sensor array to the geographic north (0 degrees). In this orientation, the junction box faces SOUTH (180 degrees). See the diagram in APPENDIX B for details.

1. Place the orientation ring over the pipe with a guide pin-up.
2. Place sensor mounting post over pipe.
3. Obtain accurate geographic data for the installation site, this can be a topographic map, graphical GPS map or detailed road map. Using the transducers as a sighting aid, align the sensor with a remote feature that represents the proper orientation (Fig 4.2.1). After alignment, tighten the mounting post band clamp to secure the position.
   DO NOT OVER-TIGHTEN.
   4 Slide the orientation ring up so its guide pin is fully engaged in the sensor mounting post notch (Fig 4.2.2). Tighten the orientation ring band clamp to secure its position.
   DO NOT OVER-TIGHTEN.
   If the ResponseONE is later removed, the orientation ring will preserve the sensor alignment.

OPERATION

SERIAL OUTPUT FORMATS
The ResponseONE comes standard with the following serial output formats:

• Format/Protocol Wiring Format
• ASCII Polled and Continuous RS-232, RS-485
• NMEA 0183 v3.0 Automatic RS-232, RS-485
• SDI-12 Polled SDI-12
  Detailed information about each protocol is in the following section. If you wish to change settings from the factory default values shown in Section 3, this is easily done using the ResponseONE CONFIG program described in Section 6.0.
  5.1.1 ASCII
  ASCII output format provides continuous measurement data in text format at any of the available baud rates. The wind measurement in ASCII output appears either in POLAR (default) or CARTESIAN UV format. With POLAR format, the wind speed threshold and wind speed units are user-selectable. With CARTESIAN the wind threshold is ignored and wind speed units are always meters per second (m/s).

ASCII POLAR FORMAT

• a = Sensor address
• www.ww = Wind speed
• ddd.d = Wind direction
• ttt.t = Temperature
• hhh.h = Relative Humidity
• bbbb.b = Barometric
• Pressure ppppp = Tipping Bucket (Optional)
• ss = Status code * = Asterisk (ASCII 42)
• cc = Checksum = Carriage return (ASCII 13)

ASCII CARTESIAN (UV) FORMAT

• a = Sensor address ±
• uu.uu = U-axis wind speed (m/s) ±
• vv.vv = V-axis wind speed (m/s)
• ttt.t = Temperature
• hhh.h = Relative Humidity
• bbbb.b = Barometric Pressure
• ppppp = Tipping Bucket (Optional)
• ss = Status code * = Asterisk (ASCII 42)
• cc = Check
• sum = Carriage return (ASCII 13)

5.1.2 ASCII POLLED
ASCII POLLED is like ASCII format described above except just one serial output string is sent for each polling command received. The polling command is Ma! where ‘a’ is the sensor address (valid characters: 0-9, A-Z, a-z). The default address is ‘0’ (ASCII 48).
5.1.3 NMEA
NMEA format provides continuous measurements in standard NMEA marine sentences at 4800 baud. The ResponseONE must be connected to aNMEA-capable device.TheNMEAdata is contained in two successive data sentences. The first sentence, “MWV”, contains wind data, while the second sentence, “XDR”, contains temperature, relative humidity and barometric pressure data. Specific details of the NMEA data string are below:

NMEA FORMAT – part 1
$WIMWV,ddd,R,www.w,u,A*cc

5.2 SDI-12
SDI-12 stands for serial data interface at 1200 baud. It is often used to interface battery-powered data recorders with microprocessor-based devices designed for environmental data acquisition. SDI-12 is used typically when low power is a concern. The SDI-12 device normally remains in a low power, standby state until it is polled at which time a measurement is sent. SDI-12 can effectively address multiple sensors on the same cable.
5.2.1 SDI-12 MEASUREMENT COMMANDS
Model 92000 uses the SDI-12 (v1.3) serial communication protocol to initiate measurements and set sensor operation parameters. The default sensor address is 0 (zero), and can be changed to any valid single-character value if needed. Additional details about the SDI-12 protocol may be found at www.sdi-12.org. After the initial power-up with 12 VDC, the sensor is in a lowpower standby state with a quiescent current of 4.2 mA. A valid and properly addressed SDI-12 command wakes the sensor to initiate a measurement, set or check operating parameters. After command processing has finished, the sensor returns to the low-power standby state. SDI-12 ‘M’ or ‘C’ commands initiate a measurement. The sensor response message indicates the maximum time needed before the measurement is ready, and data values will be available. The maximum time ranges from 1 to 5 seconds depending on the Sample Count. If an ‘M’ command initiates a measurement, the sensor sends a Service Request when the measurement is ready to be retrieved. When the polling device receives the Service Request it then sends a ‘D’ command to request measurement results from the sensor. With ‘C’ commands, no Service Request is sent, and the polling device must wait the full delay time before sending the ‘D’ command to request the measurement. SDI-12 Measurement commands and responses are listed below.

5.2.2 SDI-12 NON-MEASUREMENT COMMANDS
The SDI-12 protocol includes standard commands for identifying the sensor and changing its address.

5.2.3 EXTENDED COMMANDS
The SDI-12 command set may be customized with Extended Commands to accommodate manufacturer settings and other functions. Extended Commands are listed below. Where two responses are shown, one is for a valid command, the other is for an invalid (ERR) command.

• SAMPLE COUNT (aXSnnn!)
  This command sets the number of internal samples used to calculate the median measurement result. More internal samples consume more power while providing greater immunity to conditions like turbulent high-speed wind. Fewer samples consume less power while providing less immunity to disruptive conditions. Default setting is 100.

• THRESHOLD (aXTnnn!)
  Threshold sets the minimum wind speed needed before a new polar wind direction is calculated. The default value is 25 cm/s (0.25 m/s).A greater-than-zero threshold can help provide more meaningful scalar wind direction averages. The threshold for Cartesian (UV) output format is automatically zero regardless of this setting.

• LOW POWER OPERATION
  The average current consumption with default settings is about 7.5 mA. This configuration uses minimal power and enables all features even though they may not be used. This is suitable for many low-power applications. To reduce current consumption further, additional strategies include disabling unused outputs, using polled serial operation, increasing the output interval, and limiting the sample count to the minimum optimal number. Faster baud rates also reduce power by limiting transmit duration.

SETTING OUTPUTS AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

6.1 SENSOR CONFIGURATION WITH ResponseONE CONFIG PROGRAM (RECOMMENDED) The YOUNG ResponseONE CONFIG program is available from the factory web site: www.youngusa.com. It provides an easy method for checking and configuring sensor operations. Install the program on a Windows 7 or higher PC and follow instructions that appear on the program screen to retrieve current sensor settings or send new settings.
6.1.1 Opening the Program
After installing the program on your PC, click the desktop icon to open the program. The following screen should appear:

6.2 SENSOR CONFIGURATION USING A GENERAL-PURPOSE COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAM
A general-purpose text-based serial communications program like HyperTerminal may be used to manually configure the sensor by sending simple text commands. The following guidelines apply: The YOUNG sensor and communication program must operate at the same baud rate and be properly connected. Sensor RS-232 mode must be enabled. See the RS-232 wiring diagram, FIGURE A1, in APPENDIX A. Factory default sensor baud rate is 9600, Configure the serial communications program for NO handshaking and 1 start, 8 data, 1 stop bit, no parity, no flow control. The sensor must be in COMMAND MODE in order to set parameters.

Enter COMMAND MODE by sending three ESC characters (ASCII 27) in quick succession while the sensor is running. When the sensor is in COMMAND MODE, it sends a ‘>’ prompt character indicating that it is ready to accept commands. If the prompt does not appear after sending three indicating characters, re- check wiring and communication program setup. Ifthe sensor baud rate is unknown, try sending the ESC characters at each of the five available baud rates (1200, 4800, 9600, 19200 and 38400). It is also possible that sensor parameters have been purposely configured to disable RS-232 mode. If this is the case, the following method must be used. In order to provide access under all conditions, the sensor always begins operation at power up with serial communications set to 38400baud and RS-232 connections enabled. Immediately after power-up, there is a short time window in which to send the ESC characters and enter COMMAND MODE.To use this feature, set your serial communication program baud rate to 38400. Remove power then wait 5 seconds. Re-apply power tothe sensor. The sensor will transmit four asterisks immediately after power up. After the asterisks appear, send three ESC characters.The COMMAND MODE ‘>’ prompt should appear. To do this using ResponseONE CONFIG, connect the ResponseONE to your computer, open the program (make sure the correct serial port is selected), then go to the ‘COMMANDS’ menu and select ‘ACQUIREResponseONE’. A window will come up telling you that the serial port will be set to38400 baud. Click ‘OK’ to continue. Then simply apply power to the ResponseONE and the program will connect automatically.
6.3 COMMAND OVERVIEW
After the ‘>’ prompt appears, send ‘??’ to display a list of available commands. Send ‘RPTV’ to report current settings. (Note that somevalues in the report are for factory settings and cannot be changed by the user.) Commands are case sensitive and the exact format must be used.For example, the SET01nn command requires two digits forthe serial format code. If you send SET014 instead of SET0104 the sensor will reject the command and indicate an error. End all commands with a carriage return (ASCII 13). In HyperTerminal, do this by pressing the ENTER key. After receiving the carriage return, the sensor will evaluate the command. Valid commands will be executed. Current settings can be evaluated at any time by sending RPTV to get a new report.

COMMAND           DESCRIPTION

• SET01nn               Set output mode
• SET02n               Set output format
• SET03nn            Set baud rate
• SET04n               Set wind speed units
• SET05a               Set sensor address
• SET06nnn          Set wind speed threshold
• SET07nnnnn    Set wind speed multiplier
• SET08±nnnn    Set direction offset
• SET09dd        Set damping factor
• SET10nnnn    Set output interval
• SET12nnn    Set sample count
• SET13n      Set wind output format
• SET14n    Set temperature units
• SET15n     Set pressure units
• SET16±nnn     Set temperature offset
• SET17±nnn    Set relative humidity offset
• SET18±nnnn    Set pressure offset
• SET27    Set tipping bucket count to 0
• SET28n    Enable tipping bucket
• SET77    Save settings
• XX     Operate mode
• RPTV    Report current settings
• ??       Display command list
• HELP    Display command list

COMMAND DETAILS

COMMAND DESCRIPTION SET01nn Enable RS-232 and RS-485 output modes. Default value is 04. Where nn=04 Enable RS-232 08 Enable RS-485 output only 16 Enable RS-485 half duplex 24 Enable RS-485 full duplex Usage example: >SET0104 Enables RS-232 only.

• Usage example:

  SET044 Sets wind speed to m/s. SET05a Set sensor address for ASCII POLLED and SDI-12. Note: This is the address when polling with the “aM!” command (SDI-12) and ‘Ma!’ command (ASCII Polled) where ‘a’ is the address. Default value is 0. Where a= 0-9, A-Z, or a-z

• Usage example:

  SET052 Sets polling address to number 2. SET06nnn Set the wind speed threshold. Minimizes erraticwind direction indications at very low wind speeds. In polar mode, this allows the sensor output to mimic a mechanical wind vane that retains its orientation when there is no wind. Default value is

25. Where nnn= 000-150 cm/s

• Usage example:

  SET06025 Sets wind speed threshold to 25 cm/s.SET07nnnnn Set wind speed multiplier. Value is x10000. All wind speed measurements are multiplied by this parameter. Default value is 10000 for a multiplier of 1.0000. Where nnnnn= 00000-30000

• Usage example:

  SET0709909 Sets multiplier to 0.9909 >SET0710023 Sets multiplier to 1.0023 SET08±nnnn Set wind direction offset. Value is degrees x10 and may be positive or negative. Wind direction is always re-scaled to a 0-360 range after offset is applied. Default value is 00000. Where ±nnnn= -3600 to +3600

• Usage example:

  SET08-0012 Offsets wind direction reading by -1.2 degrees >SET08+0005 Offsets wind direction reading by +0.5 degreesSET09dd Set damping factor. Default value is 00. This means no damping is applied. High damping values at long output intervals can slow the rateat which indicated wind values change. Wind measurement outputs are damped using the following formula: Sdamped = [(dd-1)

• Sdamped + Ssample] / dd Where dd= Damping factor (00-99) Sdamped = New or last damped wind speed Ssample = New wind speed

  • Usage example:

    SET0905 Sets damping factor to 5 (Note: Damping factor only applies to wind reading.) SET10nnnn Set output interval. Sets the time interval between measurements in one millisecond increments. Lower values increase power consumption when continuous measurements are taken. Default is 1000. Where nnnn= 0000-9999

  • Usage example:

    SET101000 Sets output interval to 1000 milliseconds(1 second) (Note: If output interval is set too low, the ResponseONE will automatically calculate the minimum output interval.)

  • Usage example:

    SET12016 Sets sample count to 16. More internal samples consume more power while providing greater immunity to conditions like turbulent high-speed wind. Fewer samples consume less power while providing less immunity to disruptive conditions.This command interacts with the OUTPUT INTERVAL setting. More samples may require a longer output interval. SET13n Set ASCII output format. Determines whether ASCII and ASCII POLLED serial outputs provide wind data in either Polar (speed and direction) or Cartesian (UV) form. Default is Polar. Where n= 0 Polar 1 Cartesian (UV)

  • Usage example:

    SET130 Sets the output format to polar. SET14n Set units of temperature to Celsius or Fahrenheit. The default is Celsius. Where n= 0 Celsius 1 Fahrenheit

  • Usage example:

    SET140 Sets temperature units to Celsius. SET15n Set units of pressure to hPa or inHg. Default is hPa. Where n= 0 hPa (NMEA mode: units = Bar) 1 inHg

  • Usage example:

    SET150 Sets pressure units to hPa. SET16±nnn Set temperature offset. Value is x10. Default is 0. Where ±nnn= -100 to +100

  • Usage example:

    SET16-012 Sets temperature offset to -1.2

EXAMPLE SETTINGS

• 7.1 FACTORY DEFAULT
  • RS-232: Enabled
  • RS-485 (output only): Enabled
  • Serial Output Format: ASCII
  • Output Interval: 1000
  • Sample Count: 100
• 7.2 MINIMUM POWER
  • RS-232: Enabled
  • RS-485: Disabled
  • Serial Output Format: ASCII
  • Output Interval: 1000
  • Sample Count: 16
• 7.3 HIGH WINDS
  • Output Delay: 1000
  • Sample Count: 200

AVERAGE CURRENT DRAW

EMC COMPLIANCE

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in acommercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipmentin a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001. Cet appareil ISM est conforme à Ia norme NMB-001 du Canada. EN55011/CISPR 11, Group 1, Class B device. Class B equipment is suitable for use in domestic establishments and in establishments directly connected to a low voltage power supply network that supplies buildings used for domestic purposes.

WIRING CONNECTIONS

RS-485 / RS-422 SERIAL CONNECTION – FULL DUPLEX

RS-485 / RS-422 SERIAL CONNECTION – HALF DUPLEX

RS-485 / RS-422 SERIAL CONNECTION – OUTPUT ONLY

SDI-12 SERIAL CONNECTION

RS-485 SERIAL CONNECTION – FULL DUPLEX

WIRING CONNECTIONS

SENSOR ORIENTATION AND DIMENSIONS

TROUBLESHOOTING

•   Check wiring connections.

•   Verify serial settings (baud rate, 1 stop bit, 8 data bits, no parity, no flow control).

•   ‘Acquire’ the sensor with the ResponseONE CONFIG program (see section 6.2) and verify setup mode.

One-way communication| •   Check wiring connections.

•   ‘Acquire’ the sensor with the ResponseONE CONFIG program (see section 6.2).

•   Change output mode to RS-485 full or half duplex, or RS-232.

Status codes other than 00 appear| •    Status codes other than 00 (or ‘A’ in NMEA mode) mean there is an error. See ‘Status Codes’ section for details.
No response to poll command| •    Check power supply.

•    Check wiring connections.

•    Verify serial settings (baud rate, 1 stop bit, 8 data bits, no parity, no flow control).

•    Verify sensor address (if the sensor’s address is ‘0’, then the poll command is ‘0M!’ in SDI-12 mode and ‘M0! in ASCII Polled mode.).

•    ‘Acquire’ the sensor with the ResponseONE CONFIG program (see section 6.2)

and verify setup mode.

Direction is incorrect| •   ‘Acquire’ the sensor with the ResponseONE CONFIG program (see section 6.2)

and verify settings. Set the wind direction offset if needed (default is 0000).

Tipping Bucket input not counting| •   Check to wire.

•   Verify tipping bucket count output is enabled.

•   Verify proper operation of the tipping bucket.

References

• SDI-12 Support Group
• R. M. Young Company |

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