BAOFENG GT-3TP Enhanced Two Way Radio Instruction Manual

GT-3TP Enhanced Two Way Radio
Instruction Manual

PREFACE
Thank you for purchasing our Amateur Portable Radio, which is a dual band/dual display radio.
This easy-to-use radio will deliver you secure, instant and reliable communications at peak efficiency. Please read this manual carefully before use. The information presented herein will help you to derive maximum performance from your radio.

SAFETY INFORMATION

The following safety precautions shall always be observed during operation, service and repair of this equipment.

• This equipment shall be serviced by qualified technicians only.
• Do not modify the radio for any reason.
• Use only BAOFENG supplied or approved batteries and chargers.
• Do not use any portable radio that has a damaged antenna. If a damaged antenna comes into contact with your skin, a minor bum can result.
• Tum off your radio prior to entering any area with explosive and flammable materials.
• Do not charge your battery in a location with explosive and flammable materials.
• To avoid electromagnetic interference and/or compatibility conflicts, turn off your radio in any area where posted notices instruct you to do so.
• Tum off your radio before boarding an aircraft. Any use of a radio must be in accordance with airline regulations or crew instructions.
• Tum off your radio before entering a blasting area.
• For vehicles with an air bag, do not place a radio in the area over an air bag or in the air bag deployment area.
• Do not expose the radio to direct sunlight over a long time, nor place it close to heating source.
• When transmitting with a portable radio, hold the radio in a vertical position with the microphone 3 to 4 centimeters away from your lips. Keep antenna at least 2.5 centimeters away from your body when transmitting.

WARNING: If you wear a radio on your body, ensure the radio and itsantenna are at least 2.5 centimeters away from your body when transmitting.

 FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS

– Dual-band handheld transceiver with display function menu on the display “LCD”.
– DTMF encoded.
– Lithium-ion battery with high capacity.
– Commercial FM radio receiver (65 MHz – 108 MHz).
– Incorporates 105 codes “DCS” and 50 privacy codes “CTCSS” programmable.
– Function “VOX” (voice operated transmission).
– Alarm function.
– Up to 128 memory channels.
– Broadband (Wide) I Narrowband (Narrow), selectable.
– High/Medium/Low power (l/4/8W) selectable.
– Display illumination and programmable keyboard.
– Function “beep” on the keyboard.
– Dual Watch/dual reception .
– Selectable Frequency Step 2.5/5/6.25/10/12.5/25 kHz.
– Function “OFFSET” (frequency offset for repeater access).
– Battery saving function “SAVE”.
– Timer transmission “TOT” programmable.
– Selecting the Scan Mode.
– Function Busy Channel Lock “BCLO”.
– Built-in RX CTCSS/DCS scan
– Built-in LED flashlight.
– Programmable by PC.
– Level Threshold “Squelch” adjustable from Oto 9.
– Crossband reception
– Tone end of transmission
– Built-in key lock

UNPACKING AND CHECKING EQUIPMENTS

Carefully unpack the transceiver. We recommend that you identify the items listed in the following before discarding the packing material. [f any items are missing or have been damaged during shipment, please contact your dealers immediately,
Note: – Items included in the package, may differ from those listed in the table above depending on the country of purchase. For more information, consult your dealer or vendor.

OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

Note: – Consult the dealer os retailer for information about options available.

INSTALLATION OF ACCESSORIES

5.1.2 INSTALLING THE ANTENNA
Install the antenna as shown in the figure below and tum it clockwise until it stops.

Note:
= When installing the antenna, don’t rotate it by its op, holding it by its base and turn.
= If you use an external antenaa, make sure the’SWR is about 1.5:1 or less, to avoid damage to thetransceiver’s final Gransistors.
= Do not hold the antenna with your hand or wrap the outside of it to avoid bad operation of the transceiver.
= Never transmit without an apteana.

5.2.- INSTALLING THE BELT CLIP
If necessary, install the belt clip at the rear of the battery compartment cover as shown in the figure below.

Note:
= Do not use any kind of ghwe to fix the screw on the belt clip. The solvents Glue may damage the battery casing. –

5.3.- MICRO-HEADSET INSTALLATION OF EXTERNAL
Plug the external micro-headset connector into the jack of “SP & MIC’ of the transceiver as shown in the figure below.

5.4. BATTERY INSTALLATION

– When attaching the battery, make sure the battery is in parallel and in good contact with the aluminum chassis. The battery bottom is about | to 2 centimeters below the bottom of the radio’s body.
– Align the battery with the guide rails on the aluminum chassis and slide it upwards until a ‘click’ is heard.
– The battery latch at the bottom locks the battery.
– Turn off the radio before removing the battery.
– Slide the battery latch, at the bottom of the radio’s body, in the direction indicated by the arrow.
– Slide down the battery for about 1 to 2 centimeters, and then remove the battery from the radio’s body.

BATTERY CHARGING

Use only the charger specified by the manufacturer. The charger’s LED indicates the charging progress.

Please follow these steps:

1. Plug the power cord into the adapter.
2. Plug the AC connector of the adapter into the AC outlet socket.
3. Plug the DC connector of the adapter into the DC socket on the back of the charger.
4. Place the radio with the battery attached, or the battery alone, in the charger.
5. Make sure the battery is in good touch with the charging terminals. The charging process initiates when the red LED lights.
6. The green LED lights about 4 hours later indicating the battery is fully charged. Then remove the radio with the battery attached or the battery alone from the charger.

BATTERY INFORMATION

7.1.- INITIAL USE
New batteries are shipped uncharged fully from the factory. Charge a new battery for 5 hours before initial use. The maximum battery capacity and performance is achieved after three full charge/discharge cycles. If you notice the battery power runs low, please recharge the battery.
WARNING: – To reduce the risk of injury, charge only the battery specified by the manufacturer. Other batteries may burst, causing bodily injury and property damage.

= To avoid risk of personal injury, do not dispose of batteries in a fire!
= Dispose of batteries according to local regulations (e.g. recycling).
Do not dispose as household waste.
= Never attempt to disassemble the battery.

7.2.- BATTERY TIPS

1. When charging your battery, keep it at a temperature between 5 C-40 C.. Temperature out of the limit may cause battery leakage or damage.
2. When charging a battery attached to a radio, turn the radio off to ensure a full charge.
3. Do not cut off the power supply or remove the battery when charging a battery.
4. Never charge a battery that is wet. Please dry it with a soft cloth prior to charge.
5. The battery will eventually wear out. When the operating time (talk-time and standby time) is noticeably shorter than normal performance, it is time to buy a new battery.

7.3.- PROLONG BATTERY LIFE

1. Battery performance will be greatly decreased at a temperature below 0 C. A spare battery is necessary in cold weather. The cold battery unable to work in this situation may work under room temperature, so keep it for later use.
2. The dust on the battery contact may cause the battery cannot work or charge. Please use a clean dry cloth to wipe it before attaching the battery to the radio.

7.4.2 BATTERY STORAGE

1. Fully charge a battery before you store it for a long time, to avoid battery damage due to over-discharge.
2. Recharge a battery after several months’ storage (Li-Ion batteries: 6 months), to avoid battery capacity reduction duc to over-discharge.
3. Store your battery in a cool and dry place under room temperature,to reduce self – discharge.

PARTS, CONTROLS AND KEYS

8.1.- RADIO OVERVIEW

1. antenna
2. flashlight
3. knob (ON/OFF,volume)
4. LCD
5. SK-side key 1/CALL(radio,alarm)
6. SK-side key2/MONI(flashlight,monitor)
7. PTT key(push-to-talk)
8. VFO/MR (frequency mode/channel mode)
9. LED indicator
10. strap buckle
11. accessory jack
12.  A/B key(frequency display switches)
13. BAND key(band switches)
14. keypad
15. SP.&MIC.
16. battery pack
17. battery contacts
18. battery remove button

8.2.- COMMAND/KEY DEFINITION
  PTT:
Press and hold down the [PTT] button to transmit; release it to receive.
SK-SIDE KEY1/[CALL]:
– Press the [CALL] button,to activate the FM Radio:Press it again to deactivate the FM Radio.
– Press and hold on the [CALL]button,to activate the alarm function; Press and hold it again, to deactivate the alarm function.
SK-SIDE KEY2/[MONI]:
– Press the [MONI] button.to turn on the flashlight;Press it again to turn off. Press and hold on the [MONI] button,to monitor the signal.
[VFO/MR]BUTTON:
– Press the [VFO/MR] button,to switch the frequency mode and channel mode.
[A/B]BUTTON:
– Press the [A/B] button,to switch frequency display.
[BAND]BUTTON:
– Press the [BAND ]button,to switch band dispaly.
= While FM radio being activated,press the [BAND ]button to switch the band of FM radio (band 65-75MHz/76-108MHz).
  [ SCAN]KEY:
– Press the [ SCAN] key to activate the Reverse function,it will exchange a separate reception and transmission frequency.
= Press the [ SCAN] key for 2 seconds to start scanning(frequency/channel).
– While FM radio being activated,press the [ SCAN] key to search FMradio station.
– While setting the RX CTCSS/DCS, press the key [ SCAN] to scan the RX CTCSS/DCS.
[# ] KEY:
– Under channel mode, press[# to switch High/Medium/Low transmit power
– Press [ # ] key for 2 seconds to lock/unlock the keypad.
FUNCTION KEYPAD:
– [ MENU ] KEY:
– To enter the menu of the radio and confirm the setting.
-[ ][ ]key:
– Press and hold [ ]or[ ]key for frequency up or down fast.
– Press [ ]or[ ]key.the scanning will be opposite.
-[ EXIT ] KEY:
– To cancel /clear or exit.
NUMERIC KEYPAD:
– Used to enter information for programming the radio’s lists and the non- standard CTCSS
– Under transmission mode, press the numeric key to send the signal code (the code should be set by PC software)
ACCESSORY JACK:
– The jack is used to connect audio accessories, or other accessories such as programming cable.

‘LCD’ DISPLAY

The display icons appear when certain operations or specific features are activated.

1750 Hz TONE FOR ACCESS TO REPEATERS

The user needs to establish long distance communications through an amateur radio repeater which is activated after receiving a 1750 Hz tone. Press and hold on the [PTT], hen press the [BAND] button to transmita 1750Hz tone.

 BASIC OPERATION

11.1.- RADIO ON-OFF/VOLUME CONTROL
– Make sure the antenna and battery are installed correctly and the battery charged.
– Rotate the knob clockwise to turn the radio on, and rotate the knob fully counter-clockwise until a ‘click’ isheard to turn the radio off. Turn the knob clockwise to increase the volume, or counter- clockwise to decrease the volume.

11.2.- SELECTING A FREQUENCY OR CHANNEL
– Press the key [ ] or [ ] to select the desired frequency/channel you want. The display shows the frequency / channel selected.
– Press and hold down the key [ ]or [ ] for frequency up or down fast.
Note: – You can not select a channel if not previously stored.

ADVANCED OPERATION

You can program your transceiver operating in the setup menu to suit your needs or preferences.
12.1.- SET MENU DESCRIPTION

OFF/BOT/EOT/BOTH
20| PTT-LT(delay the signal code sending)| 0, ,30ms
21| MDF-A(under channel mode, A channel displays. Note:name display only can be set by PC software. )| FREQ/CH/NAME
22| MDF-B(under channel mode, B channel displays.
Note:name display only can be set by PC software.)| FREQ/CH/NAME
23| BCL(busy channel lockout)| OFF/ON
24| AUTOLK(keypad locked automatically)| OFF/ON
25| SFT-D(direction of frequency shift)| OFF/+/-
26| OFFSET(frequency shift)| 00.000…69.990
27| MEMCH(stored in memory channels)| 000, …127
28| DELCH(delete the memory channels)| 000, …127
29| AL-MOD(alarm mode)| SITE/TONE/CODE
30| BAND(band selection)| VHF/UHF
31| TX-AB(transmitting selection “tile in dual watch/reception)| OFF/A/B
32| STE(Tail Tone Elimination)| OFF/ON
33| RP Sltaail tone eliminaticu in comnamication through mower)| OFF/1,2,3…1 0
34| RPT RL(Delay the tail tone of repeater)| OFF/1,2,3… I 0
35| PONMGS(Boot display)| FULUMGS
36| ROGER(tone end of transmission)| ON/OFF
37| RESET (Restore to default setting)| VFO/ALL

12.2.- SHORTCUT MENU OPERATION

1. Press the key MENU,then press the key or to select the desired menu.
2. Press the key MENU again, come to the parameter setting.
3. Press the key or to select the desired parameter.
4. Press the key MENU to confirm and save, press the key EXIT to cancel setting or clear the input.

Note: – Under channel mode,the following menu settings are invalid: CTCSS, DCS,W/N, PTT-ID, BCL, SCAN ADD TO, S-CODE, CHANNEL NAME. Only the H/M/L power could be changed

12.3.- “SQL” (SQUELCH)
The squelch mute the speaker of the transceiver in the absence of reception. With the squelch level correctly set, you will hear sound only while actually receiving signals and significantly reduces battery current consumption. It is recommended that you set Level 5.
12.4.- FUNCTION “VOX” (VOICE OPERATED TRANSMISSION)
This function is not necessary to push the [PTT] on the transceiver for a transmission. Transmission is activated automatically by detecting the radio voice. When finish speaking, the transmission automatically terminated and the transceiver will automatically receive signal. Be sure to adjust the VOX Gain level to an appropriate sensitivity to allow smooth transmission.
12.5.- SELECT WIDEBAND OR NARROW BAND “WIN”
In areas where the RF signals are saturated, you must use the narrow band of transmission to avoid interference in adjacent channels.
12.6.- TDR (DUAL WATCH/DUAL RECEPTION)
This feature allows you to operate between frequency A and frequency B. Periodically, the transceiver checks whether a signal is received on another frequency that we have scheduled. If you receive a signal, the unit will remain in the frequency until the received signal disappears.
12.7.-TOT(TRANSMTSSJON TIMER)
This function can automatically control the time we transmit each time you press [PTT] on the transceiver. This feature is very useful to avoid overheating excessive power transistors of the transceiver. The transceiver will be off transmission automatically once the set time.
12.8.- CTCSS/DCS
In some cases only want to establish communications in a closed user group at a particular frequency or channel, for it will use “CTCSS” or code “DCS” for reception. The “squelch” opens only when receiving a frequency with “CTCSS” or codes “DCS” same as the
programmed in your transceiver. If codes of the received signal differs from those programmed in your transceiver, the “squelch” will not open and the received signal can be heard.

Note: -The use of “CTCSS” or “DCS” in a communication, does not guarantee complete confidentiality communication.
12.9.-ANT
ANI (Automatic Number Identification) is also known as PTT ID because an ID is transmitted when the PTT button of the radio is pressed and/or released. This ID tells the dispatcher which field radio was keyed. Only could be set by PC software.
12.10.- DTMFST (DTMF TONE OF TRANSMITTING CODE )
First you should set the PTT-ID as BOT/EQT/BOTH
– “OFF” Under transmitting mode, you can’t hear the DTMF tone, while you press the key to transmit the code or code automatically transmitted.
– “DT-ST” Under transmitting mode, you can hear the DTMF tone, while you press the key to transmit the code.
– “ANI-ST”Under transmitting mode, you can hear the DTMF tone, while the code automatically transmitted.
– “DT-ANl” Under transmitting mode, you can hear the DTMF tone, while you press the key to transmit the code or the code automatically transmitted.
12. l l .- SC-REV(SCAN RESUME METHOD)
This transceiver allows you to scan memory channels, all the bands or part of the bands.
When the transceiver detects a communication, the scan will stop automatically.
Notes:
– “TO” (Time Operation): Scanning will stop when it detects an active signal. The scanning will stop on each channel oractive frequency for apredetermined time, after that time the scan will resume automatically.
– “CO” (Carrier Operation): The scanning will stop and remain in the frequency or channel, until the active signal disappears.
– “SE”(Search Operation): The scanning will stop and remain in the frequency or channel after it detects an active signal.
12.12.- PTT-lD(PTT OR RELEASE PTT TO TRANSMIT THE SIGNAL CODE)
– This feature allows you to know who call you.
– “OFF”-Don’t transmit the code while push the PTT button.
– “BOT”-Transmit the code while push the PTT button. (the code only could be set by PC software.)
– “EOT”-Transmit the code while release the PTT button.
– “BOTH”-Transmit the code while push or release the PTT button.
12. l 3.- BCL(BUSY CHANNEL LOCKOUT)
The BCLO feature prevents the radio’s transmitter from being activated ifa signal strong enough to break through the “noise” squelch is present. On a frequency where stations using different CTCSS or DCS codes may be active, BCLO prevents you from disrupting their communications accidentally (because your radio may be muted by ts own tone decoder).
12.14.- SFT-D(DIRECTION OF FREQUENCY SHIFT)
The “OFFSET” is the difference or offset between the reception frequency and the frequency of transmission for access to amateur radio repeaters. Set the “OFFSET” according to the “OFFSET” amateur radio repeater through which wantto communicate.
12.15.- OFFSET(FREQUENCY SHIFT)
When communicating via a repeater, the direction of displacement of frequency should be timed to the displacement of the transmission frequency is higher or lower than the receiving frequency.

Example:
If we want to make a communication through amateur radio repeater whose frequency input is 145,000 MHz and 145,600 MHz s output, we select the “OFFSET” of the previous section in 0600 and the direction of travel “SHIFT” programmed to[-], so the transceiver will always 145,600 MHz in frequency and when you press [PTT] to transmit transceiver, the frequency will automatically move to145,000 MHz.
12.16.- STE (TAIL TONE ELIMATION)
This function is used to activate or deactivate the transmission end of the transceiver. this final tone transmission only be used in communications between transceivers and not in communications through a repeater, which must be deactivated.

CTCSS TABLE

N°| Tone(Hz)| N°| Tone(Hz)| N°| Tone(Hz)| N°| Tone(Hz)| N°| Tone(Hz)
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
1| 67.0| 11| 94.8| 21| 131.8| 31| 171.3| 41| 203.5
2| 69.3| 12| 97.4| 22| 136.5| 32| 173.8| 42| 206.5
3| 71.9| 13| 100.0| 23| 141.3| 33| 177.3| 43| 210.7
4| 74.4| 14| 103.5| 24| 146.2| 34| 179.9| 44| 218.1
5| 77.0| 15| 107.2| 25| 151.4| 35| 183.5| 45| 225.7
6| 79.7| 16| 110.9| 26| 156.7| 36| 186.2| 46| 229.1
7| 82.5| 17| 114.8| 27| 159.8| 37| 189.9| 47| 233.6
8| 85.4| 18| 118.8| 28| 162.2| 38| 192.8| 48| 241.8
9| 88.5| 19| 123.0| 29| 165.5| 39| 196.6| 49| 250.3
10| 91.5| 20| 127.3| 30| 167.9| 40| 199.5| 50| 254.1

DCS TABLE

N°| Code| N°| Code| N°| Code| N°| Code| N°| Code
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
I| D023N| 22| D131N| 43| D251N| 64| D371N| 85| D532N
2| D025N| 23| D132N| 44| D252N| 65| D411N| 86| D546N
3| D026N| 24| D134N| 45| D255N| 66| D412N| 87| D565N
4| D031N| 25| D143N| 46| D261N| 67| D413N| 88| D606N
5| D032N| 26| D145N| 47| D263N| 68| D423N| 89| D612N
6| D036N| 27| D152N| 48| D265N| 69| D431N| 90| D624N
7| D043N| 28| D155N| 49| D266N| 70| D432N| 91| D627N
8| D047N| 29| D156N| 50| D271N| 71| D445N| 92| D631N
9| D051N| 30| D162N| 51| D274N| 72| D446N| 93| D632N
10| D053N| 31| D165N| 52| D306N| 73| D452N| 94| D645N
11| D054N| 32| D172N| 53| D311N| 74| D454N| 95| D654N
12| D065N| 33| D174N| 54| D315N| 75| D455N| 96| D662N
13| D071N| 34| D205N| 55| D325N| 76| D462N| 97| D664N
14| D072N| 35| D212N| 56| D331N| 77| D464N| 98| D703N
15| D073N| 36| D223N| 57| D332N| 78| D465N| 99| D712N
16| D074N| 37| D225N| 58| D343N| 79| D466N| 100| D723N
17| D114N| 38| D226N| 59| D346N| 80| 0503N| 101| D731N
18| D115N| 39| D243N| 60| D351N| 81| D506N| 102| D732N
19| D116N| 40| D244N| 61| D356N| 82| D516N| 103| D734N
20| D122N| 41| D245N| 62| D364N| 83| D523N| 104| D743N
21| D125N| 42| D246N| 63| D365N| 84| D526N| 105| D754N

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

15.1.- GENERAL

Frequency range| 65MHz-l08MHz(Only commercial FM radio reception)
VHF:144MHz-146MHz (Rx/Tx)
UHF:430MHz-440MHz(Rx/Tx)
---|---
Memory channels| Up to 128 channels
Frequency stability| 2.5ppm
Frequency step| 2.5kHz/5kHz/6.25kHz/10kHz/12.5kHz/25kHz
Antenna impedance| 5oΩ
Operating temperature| -20 °C to +60 °c
Supply voltage| Rechargeable Lithium-Ion mAh 7.4V/1800
Consumption in standby| ≤575mA
Consumption in reception| 380mA
Consumption in transmission| ≤l.4A
Mode of operation| Simplex or semi-duplex
Duty cycle| 03/03/54 min. (Rx / Tx / Standby)
Dimensions| 58mm x 11Omm x 32mm
Weight| 130 g (approximate)

15.2.-TRANSMITTER

15.3.- RECEIVER

TROUBLESHOOTING

charged battery or proceed to the battery.The battery is not installed correctly, remove the battery and reattach it.
The battery runs down quickly.| The battery life has come to an end, replace the batterywith a new one.The battery is fully charged, make sure the battery is made in full.
The receiving indicator LED lights but do not hear the speaker.| Make sure the volume setting is too low.
Make sure the undertones “CTCSS” or code “DCS” are the same as those programmed in the transceiver of the other members of your group.
When transmitting, the other members of his group do not receive the communication.| Make sure the undertones “CTCSS” or code “DCS” programmed in your transceiver are the same as those programmed in the transceiver of the other members of your group.Your partner or you, are too far.You or your partner are in a bad area of RF signal propagation.
ln”standby”mode, the transceiver transmits
without pressing the “PTI”.| Check the level adjustment function “VOX” is not set too sensitive.
Receive communications from other user groups while communicating with your group.| Change frequency or channel.
Change the undertones “CTCSS” or code “DCS” in your group.
Communication with other  members of your group is poor or low quality.| You or your partner is too far away or in an area of poor radio signal propagation, such as inside a tunnel, inside an underground car park, in a mountainous area, ncluding large metal structures, etc ..
Once these checks, if you still have problems with the transceiver, check with your distributor, dealer or service center.

WARRANTY:

(Better buy the radios from local dealer).
The device described in this Certificate is guaranteed for a period of one year from the date of sale to the final user. This Warranty Certificate is unique and not transferable and may not be reissued for new or original or copy. Substitution of product failure or any part thereof shall not involve extensionof the guarantee. The warranty covers the replacement and free replacement of all parts that are defective in materials and components used in manufacturing and I or assembly of the apparatus. The warranty does not cover any faults caused by accident, improper installation and use, electric shock (eg storms), connect a power other than that specified, reverse polarity in the diet, or claims due to deterioration in the external appearance of normal use, nor the amount or condition of the accessories.
Checking the accessories is the responsibility of the purchaser at the time of purchasing the device.
The warranty does not cover rechargeable batteries even if they are part of the equipment purchased as they are considered consumables, the impairment must be reported within a period of fifteen days from the date of purchase.
The warranty is void on the following assumptions:

1. Devices that have been manipulated by another or by anyone other than authorized service provider.
2. Equipment and accessories in which the serial number has been altered, deleted or filed unreadable.
3. Use of the product than as intended.

To make use of the guarantee is necessary to give the dealer or any of the Authorised Service he defective device with its accessories and the following documentation:

1. Warranty Certificate duly completed and sealed.
2. Original invoice which clearly identities the device and the date of purchase.
3. Description of the faults.

The warranty terms contained in this Certificate of Guarantee do not exclude, modify or restrict the statutory rights of the buyer by virtue of the laws in force at the time of purchase, but are added to them.

WARRANTY CERTIFICATE

Brand:| Model no:| Serial no:
Name of purchaser:
Address:
City:| Zip code:| Seal and name of the dealer:
Province/State:| Tel no:
Date of purchase:|
WARNING: Warranty is valid provided it is complete and properly filled in legibly and clearly present the seal and name of the dealer and have attached the bill proof of purchase of equipment.

Read User Manual Online (PDF format)

Download This Manual (PDF format)

Download this manual  >>