Orange Pi Zero 3 Quad Core 64 Bit Single Board User Manual
- June 15, 2024
- orange PI
Table of Contents
- Orange Pi Zero 3 Quad Core 64 Bit Single Board
- FAQs
- Basic features of Orange Pi Zero 3
- Introduction to the use of the development board
- Instructions for use of Debian
- cursor
- cursor not
- enable controller
- Set the controller as pairable
- Start scanning for nearby Bluetooth devices
- References
- Read User Manual Online (PDF format)
- Download This Manual (PDF format)
Orange Pi Zero 3 Quad Core 64 Bit Single Board
Specifications
- Brand: Orange Pi
- Model: Zero 3
- Copyright: Shenzhen Xunlong Software Co., Ltd
1. Basic Features of Orange Pi Zero 3
1.1. What is Orange Pi Zero 3:
The Orange Pi Zero 3 is a development board designed for various applications.
1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi Zero 3:
The purpose of the Orange Pi Zero 3 is to provide a versatile platform for developers to build and experiment with different projects.
1.3. Who is Orange Pi Zero 3 designed for?
The Orange Pi Zero 3 is designed for developers, hobbyists, and enthusiasts who want to create and explore new possibilities with a compact and powerful development board.
1.4. Hardware Features of Orange Pi Zero 3:
- Quad-core Cortex-A55 processor
- Mali-G31 MP2 GPU
- 512MB/1GB LPDDR4 RAM
- MicroSD card slot
- USB 2.0 ports
- Ethernet port
- HDMI output
- Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity
1.5. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi Zero 3:
1.6. Interface details of Orange Pi Zero 3:
2. Introduction to the Use of the Development Board
2.1. Prepare the required accessories:
2.2. Download the image of the development board and related materials:
2.3. Method of burning Linux image to micro SD card based on Windows PC:
2.3.1. How to use balenaEtcher to burn Linux image:
2.3.2. How to use Win32Diskimager to burn Linux image:
2.4. Method of burning Linux image to micro SD card based on Ubuntu PC:
2.5. How to burn Android image to micro SD card:
2.6. Instructions for using the micro Linux system in the onboard SPI Flash:
2.7. Start the Orange Pi development board:
2.8. How to use the debugging serial port:
2.8.1. Connection instruction of debugging serial port:
2.8.2. How to use the debugging serial port on the Ubuntu platform:
2.8.3. How to use the debugging serial port on Windows platform:
2.9. Instructions for using the 5v pin in the 26pin or 13pin interface of the development board to supply power:
2.10. The method of using the 13pin interface of the development board to expand the USB interface:
3. Instructions for Use of Debian/Ubuntu Server and Xfce Desktop System
3.1. Supported Linux image types and kernel versions:
FAQs
Q: What is the purpose of Orange Pi Zero 3?
A: The purpose of Orange Pi Zero 3 is to provide a versatile platform for developers to build and experiment with different projects.
Q: Who is Orange Pi Zero 3 designed for?
A: Orange Pi Zero 3 is designed for developers, hobbyists, and enthusiasts who want to create and explore new possibilities with a compact and powerful development board.
Q: What are the hardware features of Orange Pi Zero 3?
A: The hardware features of Orange Pi Zero 3 include a quad-core Cortex-A55 processor, Mali-G31 MP2 GPU, LPDDR4 RAM, MicroSD card slot, USB 2.0 ports, Ethernet port, HDMI output, and Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity.
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Basic features of Orange Pi Zero 3
1.1. What is Orange Pi Zero 3
Orange Pi is an open source single-board card computer, a new generation of
arm64 development board, which can run Android TV 12, Ubuntu and Debian and
other operating systems. Orange Pi Zero 3 uses Allwinner H618 system-on-a-chip
and has 1GB or 1.5GB or 2GB or 4GB LPDDR4 memory.
1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi Zero 3
We can use it to achieve:
A small Linux desktop computer A small Linux web server Install the Klipper
host computer to control the 3D printer Android TV box
Of course, there are more functions. Relying on a powerful ecosystem and a
variety of expansion accessories, Orange Pi can help users easily realize the
delivery from idea to prototype to mass production. It is a maker, dreamer,
hobby The ideal creative platform for readers.
1.3. Who is Orange Pi Zero 3 designed for?
The Orange Pi development board is not just a consumer product, but is
designed for anyone who wants to use technology to create and innovate. It’s a
simple, fun, and useful tool you can use to shape the world around you.
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1.4. Hardware Features of Orange Pi Zero 3
CPU
GPU Memory Onboard storage Ethernet WIFI+Bluetooth
Video Output
Audio output Power Supply USB 2.0 port 26pin connector 13pin connector Debug
serial port LED light Infrared receiver Supported OS
Product Size Weight
Introduction to hardware features
Allwinner H618 quad-core 64-bit 1.5GHz high-performance Cortex-A53 processor
Mali G31 MP2 Supports OpenGL ES 1.0/2.0/3.2OpenCL 2.0 1GB/1.5GB/2GB/4GB LPDDR4
(shared with GPU)
micro SD card slot, 16MB SPI Flash Support 10/100M/1000M Ethernet · AW859A
chip, support IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac, BT5.0 · Micro HDMI 2.0a · TV CVBS
output, support PAL/NTSC (via 13pin
expansion board) · Micro HDMI output · 3.5mm audio port (via 13pin expansion
board) USB Type C interface input 3* USB 2.0 HOST (two of them are through
13pin expansion board) With I2Cx1, SPIx1, UARTx1 and multiple GPIO ports With
USB 2.0 HOSTx2, TV-OUT, LINE OUT, IR-RX, and 3 GPIO ports UART-TX, UART-RX and
GND
Power light and status light Support infrared remote control (via 13pin
expansion board) Android12 TV, Ubuntu, Debian, etc.
Introduction of Appearance Specifications
85mm×56mm
30g
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1.5. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi Zero 3
Top view
Bottom view
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1.6. Interface details of Orange Pi Zero 3
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The diameters of the four positioning holes are all 3.0mm.
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Introduction to the use of the development board
2.1. Prepare the required accessories
- Micro SD card, a high-speed SanDisk card of class 10 or above with a minimum capacity of 8GB
Using other brands of micro SD cards (non-SanDisk micro SD cards), as shown in
the picture below (including but not limited to these cards), some friends
have reported that there will be problems during the system startup process,
such as the system is stuck halfway through startup, Or the reboot command
cannot be used normally, and it was finally resolved after changing the
SanDisk micro SD card. So if you use a non-SanDisk micro SD card and find that
there is a problem with the system startup or use, please replace the SanDisk
micro SD card and then test.
Current feedback is that there are some micro SD cards that have problems
starting on Orange Pi Zero 3
In addition, the micro SD card that can be used normally on other types of
development boards does not guarantee that it can be started normally on
Orange Pi Zero 3, please pay special attention to this point.
2) Micro SD card reader, used to read and write micro SD card
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- Micro HDMI to HDMI cable, used to connect the development board to an HDMI monitor or TV for display
Note, please do not use the relatively wide Micro HDMI adapter as shown in the
figure below, because the distance between the Micro HDMI interface of the
development board and the Type-C power interface is relatively small, it may
cause that the two cannot be inserted into the development board at the same
time. plate.
4) Power supply, if you have a 5V/2A or 5V/3A power head, you only need to
prepare a USB-to-Type C interface data cable as shown in the picture on the
left below, and you can also use a cable similar to the picture on the right
below A 5V/2A or 5V/3A high-quality USB Typc C interface power adapter
integrated with the power head.
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- 13pin expansion board a. The physical object of the expansion board is as follows
b. The way to insert the expansion board into the development board is as follows, remember not to insert it backwards
c. The 13pin pin header on the Orange Pi Zero 3 development board can be
connected to the expansion board to expand the functions that are not on the
development board. The functions that the expansion board can use are as
follows
1
Microphone (Mic)
No support, no support, no support! ! !
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The 13pin expansion board is a general-purpose
expansion board, which is suitable for various
development boards of Orange Pi, but the 13pin
interface of Orange Pi Zero3 has no Mic function, so
although there is a Mic on the 13pin expansion board,
it is on the Orange Pi Zero 3. Unusable, the 13pin
expansion board is mainly used to expand functions
other than Mic on Orange Pi Zero 3.
2
Analog audio and video Supported, it can be used to connect headphones to
output interface
play music, or connect to TV through AV cable to
output analog audio and video signals (Android
system only).
3
USB 2.0 Host x 2
Support, used to connect USB keyboard, mouse and
USB storage device.
4
Infrared receiving
Support, Android system can be controlled by infrared
function
remote control.
d. The schematic diagram of the 13pin header of the Orange Pi Zero 3 development
board is shown below
- The mouse and keyboard of the USB interface, as long as the mouse and keyboard of the standard USB interface are acceptable, the mouse and keyboard can be used to control the Orange Pi development board
- Infrared remote control, mainly used to control Android TV system
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Note that the remote control of the air conditioner or the remote control of
the TV cannot control the Orange Pi development board. By default, only the
remote control provided by Orange Pi can.
8) 100M or 1000M network cable, used to connect the development board to the
Internet
9) AV video cable, if you want to display video through the AV interface
instead of the HDMI interface, then you need to connect the development board
to the TV through the AV video cable
- Heat sink, if you are worried that the temperature of the development board is too high, you can add a heat sink, and the heat sink can be pasted on the H618 chip
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5V cooling fan, as shown in the figure below, both 5V and GND pins on the 26pin and 13pin interfaces of the development board can be connected to the cooling fan. The spacing between the 26pin and 13pin headers is 2.54mm. Refer to this Specifications can be purchased.
Note that the 5V pin can be used directly after the development board is plugged in without other settings, and the output voltage of the 5V pin cannot be adjusted or turned off by software. -
Matching shell (pictures to be added)
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USB to TTL module and DuPont line, when using the serial port debugging function, need USB to TTL module and DuPont line to connect the development board and computer
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Note that the TTL level used by the development board is 3.3v. In addition to the USB to TTL module shown in the above figure, other similar 3.3v USB to TTL modules are generally available.
- X64 computer with Ubuntu and Windows operating systems installed
1
Ubuntu22.04 PC Optional, used to compile Android and Linux source code
2
Windows PC
For burning Android and Linux images
2.2. Download the image of the development board and related materials
-
The website for downloading the English version is http://www.orangepi.org/html/hardWare/computerAndMicrocontrollers/service- and-support/Orange-Pi-Zero-3.html
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The information mainly includes a. Android source code Save on Google Drive b. Linux source codeSave on Github c. Android source codeSave on Google Drive d. Ubuntu source codeSave on Google Drive e. Debian source codeSave on Google Drive f. User Manual and SchematicChip-related data sheets will also be placed here g. Official toolIt mainly includes the software that needs to be used during the use of the development board
2.3. Method of burning Linux image to micro SD card based on Windows PC
Note that the Linux image mentioned here specifically refers to the image of
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Linux distributions such as Debian or Ubuntu downloaded from the Orange Pi
data download page.
2.3.1. How to use balenaEtcher to burn Linux image
-
First prepare a micro SD card with a capacity of 8GB or more. The transmission speed of the micro SD card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a micro SD card of SanDisk and other brands
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Then use the card reader to insert the micro SD card into the computer
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Download the Linux operating system image file compression package that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system. The size is generally more than 1GB
-
Then download the burning software of Linux image—-balenaEtcher, the download address is https://www.balena.io/etcher/
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After entering the balenaEtcher download page, click the green download button to jump to the place where the software is downloaded
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Then you can choose to download the Portable version of balenaEtcher software. The Portable version does not need to be installed, and you can use it by double-clicking to open it
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- If the downloaded version of balenaEtcher needs to be installed, please install it before using it. If you downloaded the Portable version of balenaEtcher, just double-click to open it. The opened balenaEtcher interface is shown in the figure below
When opening balenaEtcher, if the following error is prompted:
Please select balenaEtcher, right-click, and select Run as administrator.
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The specific steps to use balenaEtcher to burn the Linux image are as follows a. First select the path of the Linux image file to be burned b. Then select the drive letter of the micro SD card c. Finally click Flash to start burning the Linux image to the micro SD card
-
The interface displayed in the process of burning the Linux image by balenaEtcher is shown in the figure below, and the progress bar displays purple, indicating that the Linux image is being burned into the micro SD card
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After burning the Linux image, balenaEtcher will also verify the image burned to the micro SD card by default to ensure that there is no problem in the burning process. As shown in the figure below, a green progress bar indicates that the image has been burnt, and balenaEtcher is verifying the burnt image.
-
After successful burning, the display interface of balenaEtcher is as shown in the figure below. If the green indicator icon is displayed, it means that the image burning is successful. At this time, you can exit balenaEtcher, and then pull out the micro SD card and insert it into the micro SD card slot of the development board. .
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2.3.2. How to use Win32Diskimager to burn Linux image
- First prepare a micro SD card with a capacity of 8GB or more. The transmission speed of the micro SD card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a micro SD card of SanDisk and other brands
- Then use the card reader to insert the micro SD card into the computer
- Then format the micro SD card a. SD Card Formatter can be used to format
the micro SD card. The download link is
https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter/eula_windows/SDCardFormatterv5_WinEN.zip
b. After downloading, unzip and install directly, and then open the software
c. If only a micro SD card is inserted into the computer, the drive letter of the micro SD card will be displayed in the ” Select card ” column. If multiple USB storage devices are inserted into the computer, you can select the corresponding drive letter of the micro SD card through the drop-down box
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d. hen click ” Format “, a warning box will pop up before formatting, and formatting will start after selecting “Yes (Y)”
e. After formatting the micro SD card, the message shown in the figure below will pop up, click OK
- Download the Linux operating system image file compression package that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system. The size is generally more than 1GB
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- Use Win32Diskimager to burn the Linux image to the micro SD card a. The
download page of Win32Diskimager is
http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/files/Archive/
b. After downloading, install it directly. The interface of Win32Diskimager is as follows a) First select the path of the image file b) Then confirm that the drive letter of the micro SD card is consistent with that displayed in the “Device” column c) Finally click “Write” to start burning
c. After the image writing is completed, click the “Exit” button to exit, and
then you can pull out the micro SD card and insert it into the development
board to start
2.4. Method of burning Linux image to micro SD card based on Ubuntu PC
Note that the Linux image mentioned here specifically refers to the image of
Linux distributions such as Debian or Ubuntu downloaded from the Orange Pi
data download page, and the Ubuntu PC refers to the personal computer with the
Ubuntu system installed.
- First prepare a micro SD card with a capacity of 8GB or more. The transmission speed of the micro SD card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a micro SD card of SanDisk and other brands
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Then use the card reader to insert the micro SD card into the computer
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Download the balenaEtcher software, the download address is https://www.balena.io/etcher/
-
After entering the balenaEtcher download page, click the green download button to jump to the place where the software is downloaded
-
Then choose to download the Linux version of the software
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Download the image file compression package of the Linux operating system that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system. The size is generally above 1GB. The decompression command for the compressed package ending in 7z is as follows: test@test:~$ 7z x orangepizero3_1.0.0_ubuntu_focal_desktop_linux6.1.31.7z
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test@test:~$ ls orangepizero3_1.0.0_ubuntu_focal_desktop_linux6.1.31.* orangepizero3_1.0.0_ubuntu_focal_desktop_linux6.1.31.7z orangepizero3_1.0.0_ubuntu_focal_desktop_linux6.1.31.sha # checksum file orangepizero3_1.0.0_ubuntu_focal_desktop_linux6.1.31.img # mirror file
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After decompressing the image, you can first use the sha256sum -c .sha command to calculate whether the checksum is correct. If the prompt is successful, it means that the downloaded image is correct, and you can safely burn it to the micro SD card. If it prompts that the checksum does not match, it means there is a problem with the downloaded image, please try to download again test@test:~$ sha256sum -c .sha orangepizero3_1.0.0_ubuntu_focal_desktop_linux6.1.31.img: success
-
Then double-click balenaEtcher-1.14.3-x64.AppImage on the graphical interface of Ubuntu PC to open balenaEtcher (no installation required), and the interface after balenaEtcher is opened is displayed as shown in the figure below
-
The specific steps to use balenaEtcher to burn the Linux image are as follows a. First select the path of the Linux image file to be burned b. Then select the drive letter of the micro SD card c. Finally click Flash to start burning the Linux image to the micro SD card
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- The interface displayed in the process of burning the Linux image by balenaEtcher is shown in the figure below, and the progress bar displays purple, indicating that the Linux image is being burned into the micro SD card
11)After burning the Linux image, balenaEtcher will also verify the image burned into the micro SD card by default to ensure that there is no problem in the burning process. As shown in the figure below, a green progress bar indicates that the image has been burnt, and balenaEtcher is verifying the burnt image
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- After successful burning, the display interface of balenaEtcher is as shown in the figure below. If a green indicator icon is displayed, it means that the image burning is successful. At this time, you can exit balenaEtcher, and then pull out the micro SD card and insert it into the micro SD card slot of the development board for use
2.5. How to burn Android image to micro SD card
The Android image of the development board can only be burned into the micro
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SD card under the Windows platform using the PhoenixCard software, and the
version of the PhoenixCard software must be PhonixCard-4.2.8.
Please do not use software for burning Linux images, such as Win32Diskimager
or balenaEtcher, to burn Android images.
In addition, the PhoenixCard software does not have versions for Linux and Mac
platforms, so it is impossible to burn Android images to micro SD cards under
Linux and Mac platforms.
- First, please make sure that the Windows system has installed Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistrbutable –
x86
2) If not installed Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistrbutable – x86, Using
PhoenixCard to format micro SD card or burn Android image will prompt the
following error
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Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistrbutable – x86 the installation package can be downloaded from the official tool of Orange Pi Zero 3, or you can go to the official website of Microsoft to download
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Then prepare a micro SD card with 8GB or larger capacity. The transmission speed of the micro SD card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a micro SD card of SanDisk and other brands
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Then use the card reader to insert the micro SD card into the computer
-
Download the Android image and PhoenixCard programming tool from the Orange Pi data download page. Please ensure that the version of the PhonenixCrad tool is PhonixCard-4.2.8. Please do not use the PhonixCard software version lower than 4.2.8
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to burn the Android image. There may be problems with the Android image flashed by this version of the PhonixCard tool
- Then use the decompression software to decompress the compressed package of the downloaded Android image. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the Android image file, and the size is more than 1GB.
- Then use decompression software to decompress PhonixCard4.2.8.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find PhoenixCard in the decompressed folder and open it
- After opening PhoenixCard, if the micro SD card is recognized normally, the drive letter and capacity of the micro SD card will be displayed in the middle list. Please make sure that the displayed drive letter is consistent with the drive letter of the micro SD card you want to burn. If there is no display, you can try to unplug the micro SD card, or click the “Refresh Drive Letter” button in PhoenixCard
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- After confirming the drive letter, format the micro SD card first, and click the “Recover Card” button in PhoenixCard (if the “Recover Card” button is gray and cannot be pressed, you can first click the “Refresh Drive Letter” button)
If there is a problem with formatting, please try to unplug and insert the
micro SD card and then test again. If the problem still exists after re-
plugging and inserting the micro SD card, you can restart the Windows computer
or try another computer.
11) Then start to write the Android image into the micro SD card a. First
select the path of the Android image in the “Firmware” column b. Select
“Activation Card” in “Card Type” c. Then click the “burn card” button to start
burning
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- After burning, the display of PhoenixCard is as shown in the figure below. At this time, click the “Close” button to exit PhoenixCard, and then you can pull out the micro SD card from the computer and insert it into the development board to start
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After burning the Android system, the micro SD card can only see a 128 MB
partition in Windows, and the displayed partition is as shown in the figure
below (some computers may pop up more than 20 disk partitions, but only the
128 MB partition can be opened. partition), please note that this is normal,
please do not think that the micro SD card is burned out. The reason for this
is that the Android system has a total of more than 20 partitions, but most of
them cannot be recognized normally in the Windows system. At this point,
please safely unplug the micro SD card and insert it into the development
board to start it.
After the Android system starts, use the following command to see the twenty
or so partitions in the micro SD card:
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Use the df -h command to see that the 16GB micro SD card has about 11 GB of space available after burning the Android system (more than 20 partitions will not be mounted to the Android system, focus on these to the partition).
2.6. Instructions for using the micro linux system in the onboard SPI Flash
There is a 16MB SPI Flash on the development board, and its location is shown
in the figure below:
There is a tiny linux system programmed into SPI Flash by default, which is mainly used to prove that the development board can start normally. When you get the development board, you don’t need to burn the system into the micro SD card, you only need to connect the Type-C power supply to the development board to start the micro linux
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system in the SPI Flash. The main functions of this system are: a) During the u-boot start-up phase, the red LED light will be lit, and after entering the kernel, the red LED light will be turned off and the green LED light will be set to flash; b) If the development board is connected to an HDMI screen, after the system starts up, the command line interface of the micro-linux system can be seen on the HDMI screen; c) If the development board is connected with a USB keyboard, some simple linux commands can be run on the command line, such as ls, cd, etc.
Due to the limited functions of the tiny linux system in SPI Flash, if you want to use all the functions of the development board normally, please burn the linux image or Android image to the micro SD card, and then use it.
2.7. Start the Orange Pi development board
- Insert the micro SD card with the burned image into the micro SD card slot of the Orange Pi development board
- The development board has a Micro HDMI interface, and the development board can be connected to a TV or HDMI display through a Micro HDMI to HDMI cable
- If you have purchased a 13pin expansion board, you can plug the 13pin expansion board into the 13pin interface of the development board
- Connect the USB mouse and keyboard to control the Orange Pi development board
- The development board has an Ethernet port, which can be plugged into a network cable for Internet access
- Connect a high-quality power adapter with a 5V/2A (5V/3A is also available)
USB Type C interface
Remember not to plug in a power adapter with a voltage output greater than 5V, as this will burn out the development board.
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Many unstable phenomena during the power-on and start-up process of the system are basically caused by power supply problems, so a reliable power adapter is very important. If you find that there is a phenomenon of continuous restart during the startup process, please replace the power supply or Type C data cable and try again.
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Then turn on the switch of the power adapter, if everything is normal, the HDMI monitor can see the system startup screen at this time
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If you want to view the output information of the system through the debugging serial port, please use the serial cable to connect the development board to the computer. For the connection method of the serial port, please refer to the section on how to use the debugging serial port
2.8. How to use the debugging serial port
2.8.1. Connection instruction of debugging serial port -
First, you need to prepare a 3.3v USB to TTL module, and then insert the USB interface end of the USB to TTL module into the USB interface of the computer
-
The corresponding relationship between GND, TX and RX pins of the debugging serial port of the development board is shown in the figure below
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- The GND, TX and RX pins of the USB to TTL module need to be connected to
the debugging serial port of the development board through a DuPont line
a. Connect the GND of the USB to TTL module to the GND of the development board
b. The RX of the USB to TTL module is connected to the TX of the development board
c. Connect the TX of the USB to TTL module to the RX of the development board - The schematic diagram of connecting the USB to TTL module to the computer and the Orange Pi development board is as follows
The TX and RX of the serial port need to be cross-connected. If you don’t want to carefully distinguish the order of TX and RX, you can connect the TX and RX of
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the serial port casually first. If there is no output from the test serial port, then exchange the order of TX and RX. One order is right.
2.8.2. How to use the debugging serial port on the Ubuntu platform
There are many serial port debugging software that can be used under Linux,
such as putty, minicom, etc. The following demonstrates how to use putty.
-
First, insert the USB-to-TTL module into the USB port of the Ubuntu computer. If the connection and identification of the USB-to-TTL module is normal, you can see the corresponding device node name under /dev on the Ubuntu PC. Remember this node name, and then set the serial port software will be used test@test:~$ ls /dev/ttyUSB* /dev/ttyUSB0
-
Then use the following command to install putty on Ubuntu PC test@test:~$ sudo apt update test@test:~$ sudo apt install -y putty
-
Then run putty, remember to add sudo permission test@test:~$ sudo putty
-
After executing the putty command, the following interface will pop up
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-
First select the setting interface of the serial port
-
Then set the parameters of the serial port a. Set Serial line to connect toto as dev/ttyUSB0 (modify to the corresponding node name, usually /dev/ttyUSB0) b. Set Speed(baud) to 115200 (the baud rate of the serial port) c. Set Flow control as None
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-
After setting the setting interface of the serial port, return to the Session interface a. First select the Connection type as Serial b. Then click the Open button to connect to the serial port
-
Then start the development board, and you can see the Log information output by the system from the opened serial port terminal
2.8.3. How to use the debugging serial port on Windows platform
There are many serial port debugging software that can be used under Windows,
such as SecureCRT, MobaXterm, etc. The following demonstrates how to use
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MobaXterm. This software has a free version and can be used without buying a serial number.
- Download MobaXterm a. Download MobaXterm website as follows
https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/ b. After entering the MobaXterm download page, clickGET XOBATERM NOW!
c. Then choose to download the Home version
d. Then select the Portable version. After downloading, you don’t need to install it, just open it and use it
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- After downloading, use decompression software to decompress the downloaded compressed package, you can get the executable software of MobaXterm, and then double-click to open
- After opening the software, the steps to set up the serial port connection are as follows a. Open the session settings interface b. Select the serial port type c. Select the port number of the serial port (select the corresponding port number according to the actual situation), if you cannot see the port number, please use 360 Driver Master to scan and install the driver for the USB-to-TTL serial port chip d. Select the baud rate of the serial port as 115200 e. Finally click the “OK” button to complete the setup
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- After clicking the “OK” button, you will enter the following interface. At this time, start the development board and you can see the output information of the serial port
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2.9. Instructions for using the 5v pin in the 26pin or 13pin interface of the development board to supply power
The power supply method we recommend for the development board is to use the 5V/2A or 5V/3A Type C interface power cord to plug into the Type C power interface of the development board for power supply. If you need to use the 5V pin in the 26pin or 13pin interface to power the development board, please make sure that the power cable used can meet the power supply requirements of the development board. If the use is unstable, please switch back to the Type C power supply.
- First, you need to prepare a power cord as shown in the figure below
The power cord shown in the picture above can be bought on Amazon, please
search and buy by yourself.
2) Use the 5V pin in the 26pin or 13pin interface to supply power to the
development board. The connection method of the power line is as follows
a. The USB A port of the power cord shown in the above figure needs to be
plugged into the 5V/2A or 5V/3A power adapter connector (it is not recommended
to plug into the USB port of the computer for power supply. If there are too
many peripherals connected to the development board, use will be unstable)
b. The red DuPont wire needs to be plugged into the 5V pin of the 26pin or
13pin interface of the development board
c. The black Dupont wire needs to be inserted into the GND pin of the 26pin or
13pin interface
d. The positions of the 5V pin and GND pin of the 26pin and 13pin interfaces
in
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the development board are shown in the figure below, remember not to reverse the connection.
2.10. The method of using the 13pin interface of the development board to expand the USB interface
-
If you have purchased a 13pin expansion board for Orange Pi, insert the expansion board into the 13pin interface of the development board to expand 2 USB interfaces
-
If there is no 13pin expansion board, you can use a 4pin 2.54mm DuPont to USB2.0 female cable to expand the USB interface. The specific method is as follows:
a. First, you need to prepare a 4pin 2.54mm Dupont to USB2.0 female cable (this cable can be bought on Amazon, please search and buy by yourself), as shown in the figure below:
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b. The schematic diagram of the 13pin interface is shown below c. The wiring of USB2 is as follows
d. The wiring of USB3 is as follows
e. If you need to connect two USB devices to the 13pin interface at the same time, you will find that the 5V and GND pins on the 13pin interface are not enough. At
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this time, one of the USB devices can use the 5V and GND pins in the 26pin interface. The location is as shown in the figure below Shown:
Instructions for use of Debian
Ubuntu Server and Xfce desktop system
3.1. Supported linux image types and kernel versions
Linux image type Ubuntu 20.04 – Focal Ubuntu 22.04 – Focal Debian 11 – Bullseye Ubuntu 22.04 – Jammy Debian 11 – Bullseye Debian 12 – Bookworm
kernel version Linux5.4 Linux5.4 Linux5.4 Linux6.1 Linux6.1 Linux6.1
server version Support Support Support Support Support Support
desktop version Support Support Support Support Support Support
After entering the download page of the corresponding development board on the Orange Pi data download page, you can see the following download options. In the description below, the Ubuntu image and the Debian image are generally referred to as the Linux image.
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The naming rules of Linux images are as follows: Development board
model_version number_Linux distribution type_release code name_server or
desktop_kernel version
a. The model of the development board Both are orangepizero3. The model names
of different development boards are generally different. Before burning the
image, please make sure that the model name of the selected image matches the
development board.
b. Version numberFor example, 1.x.x, this version number will increase with
the update of the image function, and the last number of the version number of
the Linux image on the development board is an even number.
c. Types of Linux distributions Ubuntu and Debian are currently supported.
Since Ubuntu is derived from Debian, there is not much difference between the
two systems in terms of usage. However, there are still some differences in
the default configuration of some software and the use of commands. In
addition, both Ubuntu and Debian have their own software warehouses supported
by maintenance, and there are also some differences in the supported and
installable software packages. These need to be experienced in person to have
a deeper understanding. For more details, you can refer to the official
documentation provided by Ubuntu and Debian.
d. Release code name Used to distinguish between different versions of a
specific Linux distribution such as Ubuntu or Debian. Among them, both focal
and jammy are Ubuntu distributions, focal means Ubuntu20.04, and jammy means
Ubuntu22.04. The biggest difference between different versions is that the
software in the software warehouse maintained by the new version of Ubuntu
system is much better than that of the old version of Ubuntu system. The ones
in it should be new, such as Python and GCC compilation tool chains. bullseye
is the specific version code of Debian, bullseye means Debian11, and bookworm
means Debian12.
e. Server or Desktop It is used to indicate whether the system has a desktop
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environment. If it is server, it means that the system does not have a desktop environment. The storage space and resources occupied by the image are relatively small, and the command line is mainly used to operate and control the system. If it is desktop_xfce, it means that the system is installed with the XFCE desktop environment by default. The storage space and resources occupied by the image are relatively large. You can connect the monitor, mouse and keyboard to operate the system through the interface. Of course, the desktop version of the system can also be operated through the command line like the server version of the system. f. Kernel version Used to indicate the version number of the linux kernel, currently supports linux5.4 and linux6.1.
3.2. Linux kernel driver adaptation
Function HDMI video HDMI audio USB2.0 x 3 micro SD card start Gigabit Ethernet
Infrared receiver
WIFI Bluetooth headphone audio usb camera LED light 26pin GPIO 26pin I2C 26pin
SPI1 26pin UART
PWM Temperature Sensor hardware watchdog
Mali GPU
Linux5.4 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK NO
Linux6.1 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK NO
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Video codec TV-OUT
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NO
NO
NO
NO
3.3. The format of linux commands in this manual
- In this manual, all commands that need to be entered in the Linux system will be marked with the following box
As shown below, the content in the yellow box indicates the content that needs special attention, except for the commands in it.
- Description of the prompt type in front of the command a. The prompt in
front of the command refers to the content of the red part in the box below,
which is not part of the linux command, so when entering the command in the
linux system, please do not enter the content of the red font part.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo apt update root@orangepi:~# vim /boot/boot.cmd test@test:~$ ssh root@192.168.1.xxx root@test:~# ls
b. root@orangepi:~$ The prompt indicates that this command is entered in the linux system of the development board. The $ at the end of the prompt indicates that the current user of the system is a normal user. When executing a privileged command, you need to add sudo
c. root@orangepi:~# The prompt indicates that this command is entered in the linux system of the development board, and the # at the end of the prompt indicates that the current user of the system is the root user, who can execute any desired command
d. test@test:~$ The prompt indicates that this command is entered in the Ubuntu PC or Ubuntu virtual machine, not in the linux system of the development board. The $ at the end of the prompt indicates that the current user of the system is an ordinary user. When executing privileged commands, sudo needs to be added
e. root@test:~# The prompt indicates that this command is entered in the Ubuntu PC or Ubuntu virtual machine, not in the linux system of the development board. The # at the end of the prompt indicates that the current user of the system is the
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root user and can execute any command you want
- What are the commands that need to be entered? a. As shown below, the black
bold part is the command that needs to be input, and the content below the
command is the output content (some commands have output, some may not), and
this part of the content does not need to be input
root@orangepi:~# cat /boot/orangepiEnv.txt verbosity=7 bootlogo=false console=serial
b. As shown below, some commands cannot be written in one line and will be placed on the next line. As long as the black and bold parts are all commands that need to be input. When these commands are entered into one line, the last “” of each line needs to be removed, this is not part of the command. In addition, there are spaces in different parts of the command, please don’t miss it
orangepi@orangepi:~$ echo “deb [arch=$(dpkg –print-architecture) signed- by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable” | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
3.4. Linux system login instructions
3.4.1.
Account root orangepi
Linux system default login account and password
password orangepi orangepi
Note that when entering the password, the specific content of the entered password will not be displayed on the screen, please do not think that there is any fault, just press Enter after inputting.
When the wrong password is prompted, or there is a problem with the ssh connection, please note that as long as you are using the Linux image provided by Orange Pi, please do not suspect that the above password is wrong, but look for
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other reasons.
3.4.2. How to set automatic terminal login in linux system
-
The Linux system automatically logs in to the terminal by default, and the default login user name is orangepi
-
Use the following command to set the root user to automatically log in to the terminal orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo auto_login_cli.sh root
-
Use the following command to disable automatic login terminal orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo auto_login_cli.sh -d
-
Use the following command to set the orangepi user to automatically log in to the terminal again orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo auto_login_cli.sh orangepi
3.4.3. Instructions for automatic login of linux desktop version system -
After the desktop system starts, it will automatically log in to the desktop without entering a password
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- Run the following command to prohibit the desktop system from automatically logging into the desktop orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo disable_desktop_autologin.sh
- Then restart the system and a login dialog box will appear, at which point a Linux system default login account and password is required to enter the system
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3.4.4. The setting method of root user automatic login in Linux desktop version system
-
Execute the following command to set the desktop system to automatically log in as the root user orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo desktop_login.sh root
-
Then restart the system, and the root user will automatically log in to the desktop
Note that if you log in to the desktop system as the root user, you cannot use
pulseaudio in the upper right corner to manage audio devices.
Also note that this is not a bug, since pulseaudio is not allowed to run as
root.
3) Execute the following command to set the desktop system to log in
automatically with the orangepi user again orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo
desktop_login.sh orangepi
3.4.5. The method of disabling the desktop in the Linux desktop version system
- First enter the following command on the command line, Please remember to add sudo permission orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo systemctl disable lightdm.service
- Then restart the Linux system and you will find that the desktop will not be displayed orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo reboot
- The command to reopen the desktop is as followsPlease remember to add sudo permission orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo systemctl start lightdm.service orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo systemctl enable lightdm.service
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3.5. Onboard LED Light Test Instructions
- There are two LED lights on the development board, one is green and the other is red.
When the system starts, the default display of the LED lights is as follows:
Green light
Red light
u-boot startup phase
off
on
The kernel boots into the system flashing
off
GPIO interface
PC13
PC12
The two LED lights on the development board are controlled by software. When
you get the development board, you may find that even if the micro SD card
with the system programmed is not inserted into the development board, the two
LED lights will be on after the development board is connected to the power
supply. This is because the 16MB on the development board SPI Flash will burn
a miniature linux system by default when leaving the factory. This system will
light up the red light during the u-boot startup phase. After entering the
kernel, it will turn off the red light and set the green light to flash. If
the linux system in the SPI Flash is cleared, then the two LED lights on the
development board will not light up after the power is turned on without
inserting the micro SD card with the system programmed
2) The method of setting the green light on and off and flashing is as
follows: Note that the following operations should be performed under the root
user. a. First enter the setting directory of the green light
root@orangepi:~# cd /sys/class/leds/green_led b. The command to set the green
light to stop flashing is as follows
root@orangepi:/sys/class/leds/green_led# echo none > trigger c. The command to
set the green light to be on is as follows
root@orangepi:/sys/class/leds/green_led# echo default-on > trigger d. The
command to set the green light to flash is as follows
root@orangepi:/sys/class/leds/green_led# echo heartbeat > trigger
3) The method of setting the red light on/off and flashing is as follows:
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Note that the following operations should be performed under the root user.
a. First enter the setting directory of the red light root@orangepi:~# cd
/sys/class/leds/red_led
b. The command to set the red light to be on is as follows
root@orangepi:/sys/class/leds/red_led# echo default-on > trigger
c. The command to set the flashing red light is as follows
root@orangepi:/sys/class/leds/red_led# echo heartbeat > trigger
d. The command to set the red light to stop flashing is as follows
root@orangepi:/sys/class/leds/red_led# echo none > trigger
- If you do not need the LED light to flash after booting, you can use the
following method to turn off the green light flashing
a. First run orangepi-config, common users remember to add sudo permission orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo orangepi-config
b. Then select System
c. Then select Hardware
d. Then use the arrow keys on the keyboard to navigate to the position shown in the
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figure below, and then use the space to select disable-leds
e. Then selec
f. Then select
g. Then select
h. After restarting and entering the system, you can see that the two LED
lights on the development board will not light up
3.6. Instructions for operating the rootfs partition capacity of the linux
system in the micro SD card
3.6.1. The first startup will automatically expand the capacity of the rootfs
partition in the micro SD card
- After burning the Linux image of the development board into the micro SD
card, you can check the capacity usage of the micro SD card on the Ubuntu
computer, the steps are as follows:
Note that this step does not affect the automatic expansion of the Linux system
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of the development board. Here I just want to explain how to check the
capacity of the micro SD card after burning the Linux image on the micro SD
card.
a. First install the gparted software on the Ubuntu computer test@test:~$ sudo
apt install -y gparted
b. Then open gparted test@test:~$ sudo gparted
c. After opening gparted, you can select the micro SD card in the upper right
corner, and then you can see the usage of the micro SD card capacity
d. The figure above shows the situation of the micro SD card after burning the Linux desktop version system. It can be seen that although the total capacity of the micro SD card is 16GB (displayed as 14.84GiB in GParted), the rootfs partition (/dev/ sdc1) actually allocated only 4.05GiB, leaving 10.79GiB unallocated
-
Then you can insert the micro SD card that has burned the Linux system into the development board to start. When the micro SD card starts the Linux system for the first time, it will call the orangepi-resize-filesystem script automatically through the systemd service orangepi-resize-filesystem.service The expansion of the rootfs partition, so there is no need to manually expand the capacity
-
After logging in to the system, you can use the df -h command to check the size of the
rootfs. If it is consistent with the actual capacity of the micro SD card, it means that the
automatic expansion is running correctly.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ df -h
Filesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev
430M 0 430M 0% /dev
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tmpfs
100M 5.6M 95M 6% /run
/dev/mmcblk0p1 15G 915M 14G 7% /
tmpfs
500M
0 500M 0% /dev/shm
- After starting the Linux system for the first time, we can also remove the micro SD card from the development board and reinsert it into the Ubuntu computer, and then use gparted to check the status of the micro SD card again, as shown in the figure below, the rootfs partition (/dev/ The capacity of sdc1) has been expanded to 14.69GiB
It should be noted that the Linux system has only one partition in ext4
format, and does not use a separate BOOT partition to store files such as the
kernel image, so there is no problem of expanding the BOOT partition.
3.6.2. The method of prohibiting automatic expansion of the capacity of the
rootfs partition in the micro SD card
- First burn the linux image of the development board to the micro SD card on the Ubuntu computer (Windows not available), and then re-plug and insert the micro SD card 2) Then the Ubuntu computer will automatically mount the partition of the micro SD card. If the automatic mounting is normal, use the ls command to see the following output test@test:~$ ls /media/test/opi_root/ bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var
- Then switch the current user to the root user on the Ubuntu computer test@test:~$ sudo -i [sudo] password for test:
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root@test:~#
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-
Then enter the root directory of the linux system in the micro SD card and create a new file named .no_rootfs_resize
root@test:~# cd /media/test/opi_root/ root@test:/media/test/opi_root/# cd root root@test:/media/test/opi_root/root# touch .no_rootfs_resize root@test:/media/test/opi_root/root# ls .no_rootfs* .no_rootfs_resize -
Then you can uninstall the micro SD card, and then pull out the micro SD card and insert it into the development board to start. When the linux system starts, when the file.no_rootfs_resize is detected in the /root directory, the rootfs will not be automatically expanded.
-
After entering the Linux system after prohibiting automatic expansion of rootfs, you
can see that the total capacity of the rootfs partition is only 4GB (the image of the desktop
version is tested here), which is much smaller than the actual capacity of the micro SD
card, indicating that the automatic expansion of rootfs is prohibited.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ df -h
Filesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev
925M 0 925M 0% /dev
tmpfs
199M 3.2M 196M 2% /run
/dev/mmcblk0p1 4.0G 3.2G 686M 83% /
- If you need to re-expand the capacity of the rootfs partition in the micro
SD card, just execute the following command, and then restart the Linux system
of the development board.
Note, please execute the following commands under the root user.
root@orangepi:~# rm /root/.no_rootfs_resize root@orangepi:~# systemctl enable orangepi-resize-filesystem.service root@orangepi:~# sudo reboot
After restarting, enter the Linux system of the development board again, and you can see that the rootfs partition has been expanded to the actual capacity of the micro SD card
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root@orangepi:~# df -h
Filesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev
925M 0 925M 0% /dev
tmpfs
199M 3.2M 196M 2% /run
/dev/mmcblk0p1 15G 3.2G 12G 23% /
3.6.3. The method of manually expanding the capacity of the rootfs partition
in the micro SD card
If the total capacity of the micro SD card is large, such as 128GB, you do not want the rootfs partition of the Linux system to use all the capacity of the micro SD card, but only want to allocate a part of the capacity, such as 16GB, to the Linux system, and then the remaining capacity of the micro SD card can be used for other use. Then you can use the content introduced in this section to manually expand the capacity of the rootfs partition in TF.
-
First burn the linux image of the development board to the micro SD card on the Ubuntu computer (Windows not available), and then re-plug and insert the micro SD card 2) Then the Ubuntu computer will automatically mount the partition of the micro SD card. If the automatic mounting is normal, use the ls command to see the following output test@test:~$ ls /media/test/opi_root/ bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var
-
Then switch the current user to the root user on the Ubuntu computer test@test:~$ sudo -i [sudo] password for test: root@test:~#
-
Then enter the root directory of the linux system in the micro SD card and create a new file named .no_rootfs_resize
root@test:~# cd /media/test/opi_root/ root@test:/media/test/opi_root/# cd root root@test:/media/test/opi_root/root# touch .no_rootfs_resize root@test:/media/test/opi_root/root# ls .no_rootfs* .no_rootfs_resize
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-
Then install the gparted software on the Ubuntu computer test@test:~$ sudo apt install -y gparted
-
Then open gparted test@test:~$ sudo gparted
-
After opening gparted, you can select the micro SD card in the upper right corner, and then you can see the usage of the micro SD card capacity. The figure below shows the situation of the micro SD card after burning the Linux desktop version system. It can be seen that although the total capacity of the micro SD card is 16GB (displayed as 14.84GiB in GParted), the rootfs partition (/dev/sdc1) Only 4.05GiB were actually allocated, leaving 10.79GiB unallocated
-
Then select the rootfs partition (/dev/sdc1)
-
Click the right mouse button again to see the operation options shown in the figure below. If the micro SD card has been mounted, first you need to Umount the rootfs
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partition of the micro SD card
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-
Then select the rootfs partition again, click the right mouse button, and select Resize/Move to start expanding the size of the rootfs partition
-
After the Resize/Move option is turned on, the following setting interface will pop up
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-
Then you can directly drag the location shown in the figure below to set the size of the capacity, or you can set the size of the rootfs partition by setting the number in New size(MiB)
-
After setting the capacity, click Resize/Move in the lower right corner
-
After confirming that it is correct, click the green button shown in the figure below
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Then select Apply, it will officially start to expand the capacity of the rootfs partition 16) After the expansion is completed, click Close to close
-
Then you can pull out the micro SD card, insert it into the development board and
start it up. After entering the Linux system of the development board, if you can see that
the size of the rootfs partition is the same as the size set before, it means manual
Expansion succeeded
root@orangepi:~# df -h
Filesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
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udev
925M 0 925M 0% /dev
tmpfs
199M 3.2M 196M 2% /run
/dev/mmcblk0p1 7.7G 3.2G 4.4G 42% /
3.6.4. How to reduce the capacity of the rootfs partition in the micro SD card
After configuring the application program or other development environment in the Linux system of the micro SD card, if you want to back up the Linux system in the micro SD card, you can use the method in this section to reduce the size of the rootfs partition first, and then start the backup.
-
First insert the micro SD card you want to operate in the Ubuntu computer (Windows not available)
-
Then install the gparted software on the Ubuntu computer test@test:~$ sudo apt install -y gparted
-
Then open gparted test@test:~$ sudo gparted
-
After opening gparted, you can select the micro SD card in the upper right corner, and then you can see the usage of the micro SD card capacity
-
Then select the rootfs partition (/dev/sdc1)
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Click the right mouse button again to see the operation options shown in the figure below. If the micro SD card has been mounted, first you need to Umount the rootfs partition of the micro SD card
-
Then select the rootfs partition again, click the right mouse button, and select Resize/Move to start setting the size of the rootfs partition
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After the Resize/Move option is turned on, the following setting interface will pop up
-
Then you can directly drag the location shown in the figure below to set the size of the capacity, or you can set the size of the rootfs partition by setting the number in New sieze(MiB)
-
After setting the capacity, click Resize/Move in the lower right corner
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After confirming that it is correct, click the green button shown in the figure below
-
Then select Apply, and the expansion of the rootfs partition will officially start 13) After the expansion is completed, click Close to close
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- Then you can pull out the micro SD card, insert it into the development board and
start it up. After entering the Linux system of the development board, if you can use the
df -h command to see that the size of the rootfs partition is the same as the size set before,
it means that the size has been reduced. capacity success
root@orangepi:~# df -h
Filesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev
925M 0 925M 0% /dev
tmpfs
199M 3.2M 196M 2% /run
/dev/mmcblk0p1 7.7G 3.2G 4.4G 42% /
3.7. Network connection test
3.7.1. Ethernet port test
- First, insert one end of the network cable into the Ethernet interface of the development board, and connect the other end of the network cable to the router, and ensure that the network is unblocked
- After the system starts, it will automatically assign an IP address to the Ethernet card through DHCP, without any other configuration
- The command to view the IP address in the Linux system of the development
board is as follows:
Please do not copy the following commands. For example, the network node name in debian12 is end0, and the following commands need to be changed to ip a s end0. orangepi@orangepi:~$ ip a s eth0 3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state
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UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 5e:ac:14:a5:93:b3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.16/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft 259174sec preferred_lft 259174sec inet6
240e:3b7:3240:c3a0:e269:8305:dc08:135e/64 scope global dynamic
noprefixroute valid_lft 259176sec preferred_lft 172776sec
inet6 fe80::957d:bbbd:4928:3604/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever
preferred_lft forever
There are three ways to check the IP address after the development board
starts: 1. Connect the HDMI monitor, then log in to the system and use the ip
a s eth0 command to view the IP address 2. Enter the ip a s eth0 command in
the debugging serial terminal to view the IP address 3. If there is no
debugging serial port and no HDMI display, you can also check the IP address
of the development board’s network port through the router’s management
interface. However, in this method, some people often cannot see the IP
address of the development board normally. If you can’t see it, the debug
method looks like this:
A First check whether the Linux system has started normally. If the green
light of the development board is flashing, it is generally started normally.
If only the red light is on, or the red and green lights are not on, it means
that the system has not started normally;
BCheck whether the network cable is plugged in tightly, or try another network
cable;
CTry another router (I have encountered many problems with the router, such as
the router cannot assign the IP address normally, or the IP address has been
assigned normally but cannot be seen in the router);
DIf there is no router to replace, you can only connect to an HDMI display or
use the debugging serial port to check the IP address.
In addition, it should be noted that the development board DHCP automatically
assigns an IP address without any settings.
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- The command to test the network connectivity is as follows, the ping
command can be interrupted through the shortcut key of Ctrl+C
Please do not copy the following commands. For example, the network node name in debian12 is end0, and the following command needs to be changed to ping www.baidu.com -I end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ ping www.baidu.com -I eth0 PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.38) from 192.168.1.12 eth0: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=6.74 ms 64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=6.80 ms 64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=6.26 ms 64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=7.27 ms ^C — www.a.shifen.com ping statistics –4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 6.260/6.770/7.275/0.373 ms
3.7.2. WIFI connection test
Please do not connect to WIFI by modifying the /etc/network/interfaces configuration file. There will be problems connecting to the WIFI network in this way.
3.7.2.1. The server image connects to WIFI through commands
When the development board is not connected to Ethernet, not connected to HDMI display, but only connected to the serial port, it is recommended to use the commands demonstrated in this section to connect to the WIFI network. Because nmtui can only display characters in some serial port software (such as minicom), and cannot display the graphical interface normally. Of course, if the development board is connected to an Ethernet or HDMI display, you can also use the commands demonstrated in this section to connect to the WIFI network.
- First log in to the linux system, there are the following three ways a. If the development board is connected with a network cable, SSH remote login development board under Ubuntu a. If the development board is connected to the debugging serial port, you can use
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the serial port terminal to log in to the Linux system b. If the development
board is connected to the HDMI display, you can log in to the
linux system through the terminal displayed on the HDMI
-
First use the nmcli dev wifi command to scan the surrounding WIFI hotspots orangepi@orangepi:~$ nmcli dev wifi
-
Then use the nmcli command to connect to the scanned WIFI hotspot, where: a. wifi_name Need to replace it with the name of the WIFI hotspot you want to connect to b. wifi_passwd Need to change to the password of the WIFI hotspot you want to connect to
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo nmcli dev wifi connect wifi_name password wifi_passwd Device ‘wlan0’ successfully activated with ‘cf937f88-ca1e-4411-bb50-61f402eef293’. -
You can view the IP address of wifi through the ip addr show wlan0 command orangepi@orangepi:~$ ip a s wlan0 11: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 23:8c:d6:ae:76:bb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.11/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute wlan0
valid_lft 259192sec preferred_lft 259192sec inet6 240e:3b7:3240:c3a0:c401:a445:5002:ccdd/64 scope global dynamic noprefixroute
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valid_lft 259192sec preferred_lft 172792sec inet6 fe80::42f1:6019:a80e:4c31/64
scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
- Use the ping command to test the connectivity of the wifi network, and the ping command can be interrupted through the shortcut key Ctrl+C orangepi@orangepi:~$ ping www.orangepi.org -I wlan0 PING www.orangepi.org (182.92.236.130) from 192.168.1.49 wlan0: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=43.5 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=2 ttl=52 time=41.3 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=3 ttl=52 time=44.9 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=4 ttl=52 time=45.6 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=5 ttl=52 time=48.8 ms ^C — www.orangepi.org ping statistics –5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 41.321/44.864/48.834/2.484 ms
3.7.2.2. The server image connects to WIFI in a graphical way
-
First log in to the linux system, there are the following three ways a. If the development board is connected with a network cable, SSH remote login development board under Ubuntu b. If the development board is connected to the debugging serial port, you can use the serial port terminal to log in to the linux system (please use MobaXterm for the serial port software, and the minicom cannot display the graphical interface) c. If the development board is connected to the HDMI display, you can log in to the linux system through the HDMI display terminal
-
Then enter the nmtui command in the command line to open the wifi connection interface orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo nmtui
-
Enter the nmtui command to open the interface as shown below
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Select Activate a connect and press Enter 5) Then you can see all the searched WIFI hotspots
-
Select the WIFI hotspot you want to connect to, then use the Tab key to position the
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cursor on Activate and press Enter
-
Then a dialog box for entering a password will pop up, enter the corresponding password in Password and press Enter to start connecting to WIFI
-
After the WIFI connection is successful, a “*” will be displayed in front of the connected WIFI name
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You can view the IP address of wifi through the ip a s wlan0 command orangepi@orangepi:~$ ip a s wlan0 11: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 24:8c:d3:aa:76:bb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.11/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute wlan0
valid_lft 259069sec preferred_lft 259069sec inet6 240e:3b7:3240:c4a0:c401:a445:5002:ccdd/64 scope global dynamic noprefixroute
valid_lft 259071sec preferred_lft 172671sec inet6 fe80::42f1:6019:a80e:4c31/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever -
Use the ping command to test the connectivity of the wifi network, and the ping command can be interrupted through the shortcut key Ctrl+C orangepi@orangepi:~$ ping www.orangepi.org -I wlan0 PING www.orangepi.org (182.92.236.130) from 192.168.1.49 wlan0: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=43.5 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=2 ttl=52 time=41.3 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=3 ttl=52 time=44.9 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=4 ttl=52 time=45.6 ms 64 bytes from 182.92.236.130 (182.92.236.130): icmp_seq=5 ttl=52 time=48.8 ms
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^C — www.orangepi.org ping statistics –5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 41.321/44.864/48.834/2.484 ms
3.7.2.3. Test method of desktop image
-
Click the network configuration icon in the upper right corner of the desktop (please do not connect the network cable when testing WIFI)
-
Click More networks in the pop-up drop-down box to see all scanned WIFI hotspots, and then select the WIFI hotspot you want to connect to
-
Then enter the password of the WIFI hotspot, and then click Connect start connecting
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After connecting to WIFI, you can open the browser to check whether you can access the Internet. The entrance of the browser is shown in the figure below
-
If you can open other web pages after opening the browser, it means that the WIFI connection is normal
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3.7.3. The method of creating WIFI hotspot through create_ap
create_ap is a script that helps quickly create WIFI hotspots on Linux, and
supports bridge and NAT modes. It can automatically combine hostapd, dnsmasq
and iptables to complete the setting of WIFI hotspots, avoiding complex
configuration for users. The github address is as follows:
https://github.com/oblique/create_ap
The Linux image released by OPi has pre-installed the create_ap script. You
can create a WIFI hotspot through the create_ap command. The basic command
format of create_ap is as follows:
create_ap [options]
3.7.3.1. create_ap method to create WIFI hotspot in NAT mode
1Enter the following command to create a WIFI hotspot named orangepi and
password orangepi in NAT mode
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m nat wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi –no-
virt
2If the following information is output, it means that the WIFI hotspot is
created successfully orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m nat wlan0 eth0
orangepi orangepi –no-virt Config dir: /tmp/create_ap.wlan0.conf.TQkJtsz1 PID:
26139
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Network Manager found, set wlan0 as unmanaged device… DONE Sharing Internet using method: nat hostapd command-line interface: hostapd_cli -p /tmp/create_ap.wlan0.conf.TQkJtsz1/hostapd_ctrl wlan0: interface state UNINITIALIZED->ENABLED wlan0: AP-ENABLED wlan0: STA ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 IEEE 802.11: associated wlan0: AP-STA-CONNECTED ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 wlan0: STA ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 RADIUS: starting accounting session D4FBF7E5C604F169 wlan0: STA ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 WPA: pairwise key handshake completed (RSN) wlan0: EAPOL-4WAY-HS-COMPLETED ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86
3Take out the mobile phone at this time, you can find the WIFI hotspot named orangepi created by the development board in the searched WIFI list, and then you can click orangepi to connect to the hotspot, the password is set above orangepi
4After the connection is successful, the display is as shown in the figure below
5In NAT mode, the wireless device connected to the hotspot of the development board requests an IP address from the DHCP service of the development board, so there will be two different network segments, for example, the IP of the development board is 192.168.1.X
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Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo ifconfig eth0 eth0:
flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.150 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6
fe80::938f:8776:5783:afa2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether
4a:a0:c8:25:42:82 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 25370 bytes 2709590
(2.7 MB) RX errors 0 dropped 50 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3798 bytes
1519493 (1.5 MB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device interrupt 83
By default, the DHCP service of the development board will assign an IP address of 192.168.12.0/24 to the device connected to the hotspot. At this time, click on the connected WIFI hotspot orangepi, and then you can see that the IP address of the mobile phone is 192.168.12.X
6If you want to specify a different network segment for the connected device,
you can specify it through the -g parameter, such as specifying the network
segment of the access point AP through the -g parameter as 192.168.2.1
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m nat wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi -g
192.168.2.1 –no-virt
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At this time, after connecting to the hotspot through the mobile phone, click on the connected WIFI hotspot orangepi, and then you can see that the IP address of the mobile phone is 192.168.2.X.
7If the –freq-band parameter is not specified, the hotspot created by default
is in the 2.4G frequency band. If you want to create a hotspot in the 5G
frequency band, you can specify the–freq-band 5 parameter. The specific
command is as follows
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m nat wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi –freq-
band 5 –no-virt
8If you need to hide the SSID, you can specify the –hidden parameter, the
specific command is as follows
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m nat wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi
–hidden –no-virt
At this time, the mobile phone cannot search for the WIFI hotspot. You need to
manually specify the name of the WIFI hotspot and enter the password to
connect to the WIFI hotspot.
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3.7.3.2. create_ap method to create WIFI hotspot in bridge
mode
1Enter the following command to create a WIFI hotspot named orangepi and
password orangepi in bridge mode
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m bridge wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi
–no-virt
2If the following information is output, it means that the WIFI hotspot is
created successfully
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m bridge wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi
–no-virt
Config dir: /tmp/create_ap.wlan0.conf.zAcFlYTx PID: 27707 Network Manager
found, set wlan0 as unmanaged device… DONE Sharing Internet using method:
bridge Create a bridge interface… br0 created. hostapd command-line interface:
hostapd_cli -p /tmp/create_ap.wlan0.conf.zAcFlYTx/hostapd_ctrl wlan0:
interface state UNINITIALIZED->ENABLED wlan0: AP-ENABLED wlan0: STA
ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 IEEE 802.11: associated wlan0: AP-STA-CONNECTED
ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 wlan0: STA ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 RADIUS: starting accounting
session 937BF40E51897A7B wlan0: STA ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86 WPA: pairwise key
handshake completed (RSN)
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wlan0: EAPOL-4WAY-HS-COMPLETED ce:bd:9a:dd:a5:86
3Take out the mobile phone at this time, and you can find the WIFI hotspot named orangepi created by the development board in the searched WIFI list, and then you can click orangepi to connect to the hotspot, and the password is the orangepi set above
4After the connection is successful, the display is as shown in the figure below
5In bridge mode, the wireless device connected to the hotspot of the
development board also requests an IP address from the DHCP service of the
main router (the router connected to the development board), for example, the
IP of the development board is 192.168.1.X orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo ifconfig
eth0 eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.150 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6
fe80::938f:8776:5783:afa2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether
4a:a0:c8:25:42:82 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 25370 bytes 2709590
(2.7 MB) RX errors 0 dropped 50 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3798 bytes
1519493 (1.5 MB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
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The IP of the device connected to the WIFI hotspot is also assigned by the main router, so the mobile phone connected to the WIFI hotspot and the development board are in the same network segment. At this time, click on the connected WIFI hotspot orangepi, and then you can see the IP address of the mobile phone also 192.168.1.X
6If the –freq-band y band. If you want to create a hotspot in the 5G frequency
band, you can specify the –freq-band 5 parameter. The specific command is as
follows
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m bridge wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi
–freq-band 5 –no-virt
7If you need to hide the SSID, you can specify the –hidden parameter, the
specific command is as follows
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo create_ap -m bridge wlan0 eth0 orangepi orangepi
–hidden –no-virt
At this time, the mobile phone cannot search for the WIFI hotspot. You need to
manually specify the name of the WIFI hotspot and enter the password to
connect to the WIFI hotspot.
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3.7.4. How to set static IP address
Please do not set a static IP address by modifying the /etc/network/interfaces
configuration file.
3.7.4.1. Use the nmtui command to set a static IP address
-
First run the nmtui command orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo nmtui
-
Then select Edit a connection and press Enter
-
Then select the network interface that needs to set a static IP address, for example, to set the static IP address of the Ethernet interface, select Wired connection 1.
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Then select Edit with the Tab key and press the Enter key
-
Then use the Tab key to move the cursor to the
position shown in the figure below to configure IPv4 -
Then press Enter, select Manual through the up and down arrow keys, and press Enter to confirm
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-
The display after selection is shown in the figure below
-
- Then move the cursor to
via the Tab key
- Then move the cursor to
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Then press Enter, the following setting interface will pop up after entering
-
Then you can set the IP address (Addresses), gateway (Gateway) and DNS server address in the position shown in the figure below (there are many other setting options in it, please explore by yourself), please set according to your specific needs, The values set in the image below are just an example
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After setting, move the cursor to
in the lower right corner, and press Enter to confirm -
Then click
to return to the previous selection interface -
Then select Activate a connection, then move the cursor to
, and finally click Enter
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Then select the network interface that needs to be set, such as Wired connection 1, then move the cursor to
, and press the Enter key to disable Wired connection 1 -
Then please do not move the cursor, and then press the Enter key to re- enable Wired connection 1, so that the static IP address set earlier will take effect
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Then you can exit nmtui through the
and Quit buttons -
Then through ip a s eth0, you can see that the IP address of the network port has changed to the static IP address set earlier
Note that in the following commands, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ ip a s eth0 3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 5e:ac:14:a5:92:b3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.177/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 241e:3b8:3240:c3a0:e269:8305:dc08:135e/64 scope global dynamic noprefixroute
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valid_lft 259149sec preferred_lft 172749sec inet6 fe80::957d:bbbe:4928:3604/64
scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
- Then you can test the connectivity of the network to check whether the IP
address is configured OK, and the ping command can be interrupted through the
shortcut key Ctrl+C
Note that in the following commands, I is capital i, Debian12 needs to change eth0 to end0.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ ping 192.168.1.177 -I eth0 PING 192.168.1.47 (192.168.1.47) from 192.168.1.188 eth0: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.1.47: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.233 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.47: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.263 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.47: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.273 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.47: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.269 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.47: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.275 ms ^C — 192.168.1.47 ping statistics –5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4042ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.233/0.262/0.275/0.015 ms
3.7.4.2. Use the nmcli command to set a static IP address
-
If you want to set the static IP address of the network port, please insert the network cable into the development board first. If you need to set the static IP address of WIFI, please connect the WIFI first, and then start to set the static IP address
-
Then you can view the name of the network device through the nmcli con show
command, as shown below
a. orangepi is the name of the WIFI network interface (the name is not necessarily
the same)
b. Wired connection 1 is the name of the Ethernet interface
orangepi@orangepi:~$ nmcli con show
NAME
UUID
TYPE
DEVICE
orangepi
cfc4f922-ae48-46f1-84e1-2f19e9ec5e2a wifi
wlan0
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Wired connection 1 9db058b7-7701-37b8-9411-efc2ae8bfa30 ethernet
eth0
-
Then enter the following command, where a. “Wired connection 1” means to set the static IP address of the Ethernet port. If you need to set the static IP address of the WIFI, please modify it to the corresponding name of the WIFI network interface (you can get it through the nmcli con show command) b. ipv4.addresses is followed by the static IP address to be set, which can be modified to the value you want to set c. ipv4.gateway represents the address of the gateway
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo nmcli con mod “Wired connection 1” ipv4.addresses “192.168.1.110” ipv4.gateway “192.168.1.1” ipv4.dns “8.8.8.8” ipv4.method “manual” -
Then restart the linux system orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo reboot
-
Then re-enter the linux system and use the ip addr show eth0 command to see that the IP address has been set to the desired value orangepi@orangepi:~$ ip addr show eth0 3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 5e:ae:14:a5:91:b3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.110/32 brd 192.168.1.110 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 240e:3b7:3240:c3a0:97de:1d01:b290:fe3a/64 scope global dynamic noprefixroute
valid_lft 259183sec preferred_lft 172783sec inet6 fe80::3312:861a:a589:d3c/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3.7.5. The method of setting the Linux system to automatically connect to the network for the first time
The development board has an Ethernet port. If you want to remotely log in to
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the Linux system of the development board through the Ethernet port, you only
need to plug in a network cable that can access the Internet normally to the
Ethernet port. Assign an IP address, and then we can obtain the IP address of
the Ethernet port through the HDMI screen, serial port or view the background
of the router, and then we can log in to the Linux system remotely.
The development board also has wireless WIFI. If you want to remotely log in
to the Linux system of the development board through WIFI, you need to
remotely log in to the Linux system through the IP address of the Ethernet
port ssh and then connect to WIFI through commands, or through commands on the
HDMI screen or serial port. Connect to WIFI.
But if there is no HDMI screen and serial port module, although there is a
network cable, the IP address of the development board cannot be checked
through the background of the router. Or there is no HDMI screen, serial port
module and network cable, and only WIFI can be connected, then you can use the
method introduced in this section to automatically connect to WIFI and also
set the static IP address of WIFI or automatically set the static IP address
of the Ethernet port.
To use the method in this section, you first need to prepare a Linux system
machine. For example, a computer or a virtual machine with Ubuntu system
installed.
Why do you need a Linux system machine, because the root file system of the
development board Linux system burned in the micro SD card is in ext4 format,
and the Linux system machine can mount it normally, and then modify the
configuration files in it.
If you want to modify it in the Windows system, you can use the software
Paragon ExtFS for Windows. Since this software needs to be paid, and there is
no similar free software that is easy to use, I will not demonstrate it here.
In addition, if you have any problems with Paragon ExtFS for Windows software,
please solve it yourself, we will not answer questions.
- First burn the Linux image of the development board you want to use into the micro SD card, and then use a card reader to insert the micro SD card that has burned the Linux image of the development board into a machine with a Linux system (such as a machine with an Ubuntu system installed) computer, the following uses Ubuntu computer as an
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example to demonstrate)
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-
When the micro SD card is inserted into the Ubuntu computer, the Ubuntu computer will generally automatically mount the partition of the Linux root file system in the micro SD card. You can know from the following command that /media/test/opi_root is the Linux root file in the micro SD card The path where the system is mounted test@test:~$ df -h | grep “media” /dev/sdd1 1.4G 1.2G 167M 88% /media/test/opi_root test@test:~$ ls /media/test/opi_root bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var
-
Then enter the /boot directory of the Linux system burned in the micro SD card test@test:~$ cd /media/test/opi_root/boot/
-
Then copy the orangepi_first_run.txt.template to orangepi_first_run.txt. Through the orangepi_first_run.txt configuration file, you can set the Linux system on the development board to automatically connect to a WIFI hotspot when it starts for the first time, and you can also set the WIFI or Ethernet port. static IP address
test@test:/media/test/opi_root/boot$ sudo cp orangepi_first_run.txt.template orangepi_first_run.txt -
You can open the orangepi_first_run.txt file with the following command, and then you can view and modify the contents test@test:/media/test/opi_root/boot$ sudo vim orangepi_first_run.txt
-
Instructions for using variables in the orangepi_first_run.txt file a. FR_general_delete_this_file_after_completion variable is used to set whether to delete the orangepi_first_run.txt file after the first startup. The default is 1, that is, delete. If it is set to 0, orangepi_first_run.txt will be renamed to orangepi_first_run.txt after the first startup .old, generally keep the default value b. FR_net_change_defaults variable is used to set whether to change the default network settings, this must be set to 1, otherwise all network settings will not take effect c. FR_net_ethernet_enabled variable is used to control whether to enable the configuration of the Ethernet port. If you need to set the static IP address of the
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Ethernet port, please set it to 1 d. FR_net_wifi_enabled variable is used to
control whether to enable WIFI
configuration. If you need to set the development board to automatically
connect to WIFI hotspots, you must set it to 1. In addition, please note that
if this variable is set to 1, the setting of the Ethernet port will be will
fail. That is to say, the WIFI and Ethernet ports cannot be set at the same
time (why, because it is not necessary…) e. FR_net_wifi_ssid variable is used
to set the name of the WIFI hotspot you want to connect to f. FR_net_wifi_key
variable is used to set the password of the WIFI hotspot you want to connect
to g. FR_net_use_static variable is used to set whether to set the static IP
address of WIFI or Ethernet port h. FR_net_static_ip variable is used to set
static IP address, please set according to your actual situation i.
FR_net_static_gateway variable is used to set the gateway, please set it
according to your actual situation
- The following demonstrates several specific setting examples: a. For example, if you want the Linux system of the development board to automatically connect to the WIFI hotspot after the first startup, you can set it like this: a) Set FR_net_change_defaults to 1 b) Set FR_net_wifi_enabled to 1 c) Set FR_net_wifi_ssid to the name of the WIFI hotspot you want to connect to d) Set FR_net_wifi_key to the password of the WIFI hotspot you want to connect to
b. For example, if you want the Linux system of the development board to automatically connect to the WIFI hotspot after the first startup, and set the IP address of the WIFI to a specific static IP address (so that when the Linux system is started, you can directly use the set static IP address to ssh remotely Log in to the development board without checking the IP address of the development board through the background of the router), you can set it like this: a) Set FR_net_change_defaults to 1
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b) Set FR_net_wifi_enabled to 1 c) Set FR_net_wifi_ssid to the name of the
WIFI hotspot you want to connect
to d) Set FR_net_wifi_key to the password of the WIFI hotspot you want to
connect to e) Set FR_net_use_static to 1 f) Set FR_net_static_ip to the
desired IP address g) Set FR_net_static_gateway to the corresponding gateway
address
c. For example, if you want to automatically set the IP address of the Ethernet port to the desired static IP address after the Linux system of the development board starts for the first time, you can set it like this: a) Set FR_net_change_defaults to 1 b) Set FR_net_ethernet_enabled to 1 c) Set FR_net_use_static to 1 d) Set FR_net_static_ip to the desired IP address e) Set FR_net_static_gateway to the corresponding gateway address
- After modifying the orangepi_first_run.txt file, you can exit the /boot directory of the development board Linux system in the micro SD card, uninstall the micro SD card, and then insert the micro SD card into the development board to start
- If you have not set a static IP address, you still need to check the IP address through the background of the router. If you have set a static IP address, you can ping the set static IP address on the computer. If you can ping, it means that the system has started normally, and The network has also been set correctly, and then you can use the set IP address ssh to remotely log in to the Linux system of the development board
After the Linux system of the development board is started for the first time, orangepi_first_run.txt will be deleted or renamed to orangepi_first_run.txt.old. At this time, the orangepi_first_run.txt configuration file will be reset, and then the Linux system of the development board will be restarted, orangepi_first_run. The configuration in txt will not take effect again, because this configuration will only be effective when the Linux system is started for the first time after burning, please pay special attention to this point.
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3.8. SSH remote login development board
Linux systems enable ssh remote login by default and allow the root user to
log in to the system. Before logging in with ssh, you first need to ensure
that the Ethernet or wifi network is connected, and then use the ip addr
command or check the router to obtain the IP address of the development board.
3.8.1. SSH remote login development board under Ubuntu
-
Obtain the IP address of the development board
-
Then you can remotely log in to the linux system through the ssh command
test@test:~$ ssh orangepi@192.168.1.xxx
(Need to be replaced with the IP
address of the development board) orangepi@192.168.1.xx’s password: password is orangepi
Enter the password here, the default
Note that when entering the password, the specific content of the entered
password will not be displayed on the screen, please do not think that there
is any fault, just press Enter after inputting.
If you are prompted to refuse the connection, as long as you are using the
image provided by Orange Pi, please do not suspect that the password orangepi
is wrong, but find other reasons.
3) After successfully logging in to the system, the display is as shown in the
figure below
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If ssh fails to log in to the linux system normally, first check whether the
IP address of the development board can be pinged. If the ping is ok, you can
log in to the linux system through the serial port or HDMI display and then
enter the following command on the development board and try again. Is it
possible to connect:
root@orangepi:~# reset_ssh.sh
If it still doesn’t work, try to reset the system.
3.8.2. SSH remote login development board under Windows
- First obtain the IP address of the development board
- Under Windows, you can use MobaXterm to remotely log in to the development
board, first create a new ssh session
a. Open Session b. Then select SSH in Session Setting c. Then enter the IP address of the development board in the Remote host d. Then enter the user name root or orangepi of the linux system in Specify
username e. Finally click OK
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- Then you will be prompted to enter a password. The default passwords for
root and orangepi users are orangepi
Note that when entering the password, the specific content of the entered password will not be displayed on the screen, please do not think that there is any fault, just press Enter after inputting. - The display after successfully logging in to the system is shown in the figure below
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3.9. HDMI test
3.9.1. HDMI display test
-
Use a Micro HDMI to HDMI cable to connect the Orange Pi development board and HDMI display
-
After starting the linux system, if the HDMI monitor has image output, it means that the HDMI interface is working normally
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Note that although many laptops have an HDMI interface, the HDMI interface of
the notebook generally only has the output function, and does not have the
function of HDMI IN, that is to say, the HDMI output of other devices cannot
be displayed on the notebook screen.
When you want to connect the HDMI of the development board to the HDMI port of
the laptop, please make sure that your laptop supports the HDMI IN function.
When the HDMI is not displayed, please check whether the HDMI cable is plugged
in tightly. After confirming that there is no problem with the connection, you
can change a different screen and try to see if it is displayed.
3.9.2. HDMI to VGA display test
- First you need to prepare the following accessories a. HDMI to VGA converter
b. A VGA cable and a Micro HDMI male to HDMI female conversion cable
c. A monitor or TV that supports VGA interface 2) HDMI to VGA display test as shown below
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When using HDMI to VGA display, the development board and the Linux system of
the development board do not need to make any settings, only the Micro HDMI
interface of the development board can display normally. So if there is a
problem with the test, please check whether there is a problem with the HDMI
to VGA converter, VGA cable and monitor.
3.9.3. How to set HDMI resolution in Linux5.4 system
Note: This method is only applicable to systems with linux5.4 kernel.
- There is a disp_mode variable in /boot/orangepiEnv.txt of the linux system, which can be used to set the resolution of the HDMI output. The default resolution of the linux system is 1080p60 orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo vim /boot/orangepiEnv.txt verbosity=1 console=both disp_mode=1080p60 fb0_width=1920 fb0_height=1080
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- The values supported by the disp_mode variable are shown in the table below
Supported values for
HDMI resolution
HDMI refresh rate
disp_mode
480i
720×480
60
576i
720×480
50
480p
720×480
60
576p
720×576
60
720p50
1280×720
50
720p60
1280×720
60
1080i50
1920×1080
50
1080i60
1920×1080
60
1080p24
1920×1080
24
1080p50
1920×1080
50
1080p60
1920×1080
60
Note: Linux systems currently do not support 4K resolution.
- Change the value of the disp_mode variable to the desired output resolution, and then restart the system, HDMI will output the set resolution
- The method of viewing the HDMI output resolution is as follows. If the displayed resolution is the same as the set resolution, it means that the setting of the development board is correct. orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo cat /sys/class/disp/disp/attr/sys
3.9.4. How to Modify the Framebuffer Width and Height of Linux5.4 System
Note: This method is only applicable to systems with linux5.4 kernel.
There are two variables fb0_width and fb0_height in the /boot/orangepiEnv.txt of the linux system, which can be used to set the width and height of the Framebuffer. The default setting of the linux system is fb0_width=1920 and fb0_height=1080.
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orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo vim /boot/orangepiEnv.txt verbosity=1 console=both disp_mode=1080p60 fb0_width=1920 fb0_height=1080
The reference values corresponding to different resolutions of fb0_width and
fb0_height are as follows:
HDMI resolution
fb0_width
fb0_height
480p
720
480
576p
720
576
720p
1280
720
1080p
1920
1080
Under the same HDMI resolution, the larger the value of fb0_width and
fb0_height, the smaller the text displayed on the screen, and the smaller the
value of fb0_width and fb0_height, the larger the text displayed on the
screen.
3.9.5. Framebuffer Cursor Setting
- The softcursor used by Framebuffer, the method of setting the cursor to blink or not is
as follows
root@orangepi:~# echo 1 > /sys/class/graphics/fbcon/cursor_blink
cursor
blinking
root@orangepi:~# echo 0 > /sys/class/graphics/fbcon/cursor_blink
cursor not
blinking
- If you need to hide the cursor, you can add vt.global_cursor_default=0 in the extraargs variable of /boot/orangepiEnv.txt (the value of extraargs will be assigned to the bootargs environment variable and finally passed to the kernel) (if vt.global_cursor_default=1, the cursor will be displayed) , and then restart the system to see that the cursor has disappeared orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo vim /boot/orangepiEnv.txt verbosity=1 console=both
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disp_mode=1080p60 fb0_width=1920 fb0_height=1080 extraargs=vt.global_cursor_default=0
3.10. How to use Bluetooth
3.10.1. Test method of desktop image
-
Click the Bluetooth icon in the upper right corner of the desktop
-
Then select the adapter
-
If there is a prompt on the following interface, please select Yes
-
Then set the Visibility Setting to Always visible in the Bluetooth adapter setting interface, and then close it
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-
Then open the configuration interface of the Bluetooth device 6) Click Search to start scanning the surrounding Bluetooth devices
-
Then select the Bluetooth device you want to connect to, and then click the right button of the mouse to pop up the operation interface for this Bluetooth device, select Pair to start pairing, and the demonstration here is to pair with an Android phone
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-
When pairing, a pairing confirmation box will pop up in the upper right corner of the desktop, just select Confirm to confirm, and the phone also needs to confirm at this time
-
After pairing with the mobile phone, you can select the paired Bluetooth device, then right click and select Send a File to start sending a picture to the mobile phone
-
The interface for sending pictures is as follows
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3.10.2. How to use the server image
-
After entering the system, you can first check whether there is a Bluetooth device node through the hciconfig command. If it exists, it means that the Bluetooth initialization is normal. orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y bluez orangepi@orangepi:~$ hciconfig -a hci0: Type: Primary Bus: UART
BD Address: 3E:61:3D:19:0E:52 ACL MTU: 1021:8 SCO MTU: 240:3 UP RUNNING RX bytes:925 acl:0 sco:0 events:72 errors:0 TX bytes:5498 acl:0 sco:0 commands:72 errors:0 Features: 0xbf 0xff 0x8d 0xfe 0xdb 0x3d 0x7b 0xc7 Packet type: DM1 DM3 DM5 DH1 DH3 DH5 HV1 HV2 HV3 Link policy: RSWITCH SNIFF Link mode: SLAVE ACCEPT Name: ‘orangepi’ Class: 0x3c0000 Service Classes: Rendering, Capturing, Object Transfer, Audio Device Class: Miscellaneous, HCI Version: 5.0 (0x9) Revision: 0x400 LMP Version: 5.0 (0x9) Subversion: 0x400 Manufacturer: Spreadtrum Communications Shanghai Ltd (492) -
Use bluetoothctl to scan bluetooth devices orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo bluetoothctl
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[NEW] Controller 10:11:12:13:14:15 orangepizero3 [default]
Agent registered
[bluetooth]# power on
enable controller
Changing power on succeeded
[bluetooth]# discoverable on #Make the controller discoverable
Changing discoverable on succeeded
[CHG] Controller 10:11:12:13:14:15 Discoverable: yes [bluetooth]# pairable on
Set the controller as pairable
Changing pairable on succeeded
[bluetooth]# scan on
Start scanning for nearby Bluetooth devices
Discovery started
[CHG] Controller 10:11:12:13:14:15 Discovering: yes [NEW] Device 76:60:79:29:B9:31 76-60-79-29-B9-31 [NEW] Device 9C:2E:A1:42:71:11 MiPhone
[NEW] Device DC:
References
- 序言 · 宝塔面板手册 · 看云
- ROS Documentation
- Installation — ROS 2 Documentation: Galactic documentation
- Ubuntu (Debian) — ROS 2 Documentation: Galactic documentation
- Distributions — ROS 2 Documentation: Galactic documentation
- Tutorials — ROS 2 Documentation: Galactic documentation
- ROS 2 Documentation — ROS 2 Documentation: Humble documentation
- Ubuntu (Debian packages) — ROS 2 Documentation: Humble documentation
- envsetup.sh
- Today I Learned for programmers - Tiloid
- Win32 Disk Imager - Browse /Archive at SourceForge.net
- noetic/Installation - ROS Wiki
- noetic/Installation/Ubuntu - ROS Wiki
- 百度一下
- Orange Pi - Orange Pi official website - Orange Pi development board, open source hardware, open source software, open source chip, computer keyboard
- Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator
- 深圳市迅龙软件有限公司
- Index of /archive/qt
- Index of /archive/qtcreator
- Download FileZilla Client for Linux (64bit x86)
- gitee.com/leeboby/face_recognition_install/raw/master/face_recognition_install.sh
- leeboby/face_recognition
- leeboby/mjpg-streamer
- leeboby/python_whl: 用æ¥ä¿å˜ç¼–译好的Python whlæ ¼å¼çš„è½¯ä»¶åŒ…ï¼ŒåŠ é€ŸPython相关库的安装速度。
- GitHub - aaPanel/BaoTa: 宝塔Linux面板 - 简单好用的服务器运维面板
- GitHub - ageitgey/face_recognition: The world's simplest facial recognition api for Python and the command line
- GitHub - ageitgey/face_recognition: The world's simplest facial recognition api for Python and the command line
- face_recognition/README_Simplified_Chinese.md at master · ageitgey/face_recognition · GitHub
- GitHub - jacksonliam/mjpg-streamer: Fork of http://sourceforge.net/projects/mjpg-streamer/
- GitHub - oblique/create_ap: [NOT MAINTAINED] This script creates a NATed or Bridged WiFi Access Point.
- GitHub - orangepi-xunlong/linux-orangepi at orange-pi-5.4-sun50iw9
- GitHub - orangepi-xunlong/linux-orangepi at orange-pi-6.1-sun50iw9
- GitHub - orangepi-xunlong/orangepi-build: Orange Pi build for H2+, H3, H5, H6, H616, RK3328, RK3399 and RK3588(s)
- GitHub - orangepi-xunlong/u-boot-orangepi at v2018.05-h618