Beleeb 50V MPPT Solar Charge Controller User Manual
- June 14, 2024
- Beleeb
Table of Contents
Beleeb 50V MPPT Solar Charge Controller User Manual
Dear users,
Thank you for choosing our product !
Important Safety Instructions
Please keep this manual for future review.
This manual contains all instructions of safety, installation and operation
for Tracer Dream series Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller (“the
controller” as referred to in this manual).
General Safety Information
- Read carefully all the instructions and warnings in the manual before installation.
- No user serviceable components inside the controller. Don’t disassemble or attempt to repair the controller.
- Mount the controller indoors. Avoid exposure the components and do not allow water to enter the controller.
- Install the controller in a well ventilated place. The controller’s heat sink may become very hot during operation.
- Suggest installing appropriate external fuses/breakers.
- Make sure to switch off all PV array connections and the battery fuse or breakers before controller installation and adjustment.
- Power connections must remain tight to avoid excessive heating from loose connection.
1. General Information
1.1 Overview
Tracer Dream 50V series controller is based on advanced MPPT control
algorithm, with LCD displaying running status. The MPPT control algorithm can
minimize the maximum power point loss rate and loss time, quickly track the
maximum power point of the PV array and obtain the maximum energy from solar
modules under any conditions; and can increase the ratio of energy utilization
in the solar system by 20%-30% compared with a PWM charging method. The newly
designed screen adds the display of battery type and Bluetooth NViFi,easy for
customer to check.
Limiting the charging power and reducing charging power functions ensure the
system stable with over PV modules in high temperature environment.
With comprehensive electronic fault self-detecting functions and powerful electronic protection functions built inside the controller, component damage caused by installation errors or system failures can be avoided to the greatest extent possible.
Features:
- With the advanced dual-peak or multi-peak tracking technology, when the solar panel is shadowed or part of the panel fails resulting in multiple peaks on the I-V curve, the controller is still able to accurately track the maximum power point.
- Advanced MPPT technology, with efficiency no less than 99.5%
- Maximum DC/DC conversion efficiency of 98%
- Ultra-fast tracking speed and guaranteed tracking efficiency
- Advanced MPPT control algorithm to minimize the MPP loss rate and loss time
- Limit charging power & current over rated range.When the solar panel power exceeds a certain level and the charging current is larger than the rated current, the controller will automatically lower the charging power and bring the charging current to the rated level.
- Support the lead-acid,gel,flooded with the needed Temp. compensation and support lithium batteries start from solar panel
- Power reduction automatically over temperature range
- Monitor and set the parameters via App(optional)
1.2 Characteristics
Figure 1-1 Product Characteristics
- If the temperature sensor is short-circuited or damaged, the controller will charge or discharge at the default temperature setting of 250C.
1.3 Naming Rules of Controller models
1.4 Maximum Power Point Tracking Technology
Due to the nonlinear characteristics of solar array, there is a maximum energy
output point (Max Power Point) on its curve. Traditional controllers, with
switch charging technology and PWM charging technology, can’t charge the
battery at the maximum power point, so can’t harvest the maximum energy
available from PV array, but the solar charge controller with Maximum Power
Point Tracking (MPPT) Technology can lock on the point to harvest the maximum
energy and deliver it to the battery.
The MPPT algorithm of our company continuously compares and adjusts the operating points to attempt to locate the maximum power point of the array. The tracking process is fully automatic and does not need user adjustment.
As the Figure 1-2, the curve is also the characteristic curve of the array,
the MPPT technology will ‘boost’ the battery charge current through tracking
the MPP.
Assuming 100% conversion efficiency of the solar system, in that way, the
following formula is established:
Normally, the VMpp is always higher than VBat, Due to the principle of conservation of energy, the IBat is always higher than Ipv. The greater the discrepancy between VMpp &VBat, the greater the discrepancy between Ipv& IBat. The greater the discrepancy between array and battery, the bigger reduction of the conversion efficiency of the system, thus the controller’s conversion efficiency is particularly important in the PV system.
Figure 1-3 is the maximum power point curve, the shaded area is charging range of traditional solar charge controller (PWM Charging Mode), it can obviously diagnose that the MPPT mode can improve the usage of the solar energy resource. According to our test, the MPPT controller can raise 20%-30% efficiency compared to the PWM controller. (Value may be fluctuant due to the influence of the ambient circumstance and energy loss.)
Figure 1-3 Maximum Power Point Curve
In actual application, as shading from cloud, tree and snow, the panel maybe
appear Multi-MPP, but in actually there is only one real Maximum Power Point.
As the below Figure 1-3 shows:
If the program works improperly after appearing Multi-MPP, the system will not work on the real max power point, which may waste most solar energy resources and seriously affect the normal operation of the system. The typical MPPT algorithm, designed by our company, can track the real MPP quickly and accurately, improve the utilization rate of the array and avoid the waste of resources.
1.5 Battery Charging Stage
The controller has a 3 stages battery charging algorithm (Bulk Charging, Boost
Charging and Float Charging) for rapid, efficient, and safe battery charging.
(1) Bulk Charging
In this stage, the battery voltage has not yet reached boost voltage, the
controller operates in constant current mode, delivering its maximum current
to the batteries (MPPT Charging).
(2) Boost Charging
When the battery voltage reaches the boost voltage set point, the controller
will start to operate in constant charging mode, this process is no longer
MPPT charging, and in the meantime the charging current will drop gradually,
the process is not the MPPT charging. The Boost stage maintain 2 hours in
default. When the accumulate time reach to 2hours, the charging mode will turn
to Float charging.
(3) Float Charging
After the boost voltage stage, the controller will reduce charging current to
Float Voltage set point. This stage will have no more chemical reactions and
all the charge current transforms into heat and gas at this time. Then the
controller reduces the voltage to the floating stage, charging with a smaller
voltage and current. It will reduce the temperature of the battery and prevent
the gassing and charging the battery slightly at the same time. The purpose of
Float stage is to offset the power consumption caused by self consumption and
small loads in the whole system, while maintaining full battery storage
capacity.
In Float charging stage, loads are able to obtain almost all power from solar panel. If loads exceed the power, the controller will no longer be able to maintain battery voltage in Float charging stage. If the battery voltage remains below the Recharge Voltage, the system will leave Float charging stage and return to Bulk charging stage.
2. Installation Instructions
2.1 General Installation Notes
- Please read the entire installation instructions to get familiar with the installation steps before installation.
- Be very careful when installing the batteries, especially flooded lead-acid battery. Please wear eye protection, and have fresh water available to wash and clean any contact with battery acid
- Keep the battery away from any metal objects, which may cause short circuit of the battery.
- Explosive battery gases may come out from the battery during charging, so make sure ventilation condition is good Ventilation is highly recommended if mounted in an enclosure. Never install the controller in a sealed enclosure with flooded batteries! Battery fumes from vented batteries will corrode and destroy the controller circuits.
- Loose power connections and corroded wires may result in high heat that can melt wire insulation, burn surrounding materials, or even cause fire.
- Ensure tight connections and use cable clamps to secure cables and prevent them from swaying in mobile applications.
- Lead-acid battery and lithium battery are recommended, other kinds please refer to the battery manufacturer.
- Battery connection may be wired to one battery or a bank of batteries. The following instructions refer to a singular battery, but it is implied that the battery connection can be made to either one battery or a group of batteries in a battery bank.
Multiple same models of controllers can be installed in parallel on the same
battery bank to achieve higher charging current. Each controller must have its
own solar module(s).
When selecting connection wires for the system, follow the criterion that the
current density is not larger than 5A/mm2
2.2 PV Array Requirements
(1) Serial connection (string) of PV modules
As the core component of PV system, controller could be suitable for various
types of PV modules and maximize converting solar energy into electrical
energy.
According to the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the maximum power point voltage (VMpp) of the MPPT controller, the series number of different types PV modules can be calculated. The below table is for reference only.
Table 2-1 TD1105
NOTE: The above parameter values are calculated under standard test
conditions (STC (Standard Test Condition)
Irradiance 1000W/m2, Module
Temperature 250C, Air Massl .5.)
(2) Maximum PV array power
The MPPT controller has the function of current/power-limiting, that is,
during the charging process, when the charging current or power exceeds the
rated charging current or power, the controller will automatically limit the
charging current or power to the rated charging current or power, which can
effectively protect the charging parts of controller, and prevent damages to
the controller due to the connection of some over-specification PV modules.
The actual operation of PV array is as follows:
Condition 1:
Actual charging power of PV array Rated charging power of controller
Condition 2:
Actual charging current of PV array Rated charging current of controller
When the controller operates under “Condition 1” or “Condition 2” , it will
carry out the charging as per the actual current or power; at this time, the
controller can work at the maximum power point of PV array.
WARNING: When the power of PV is not greater than the rated charging power, but the maximum open-circuit voltage of PV array is more than 50V(at the lowest environmental temperature), the controller may be damaged.
Condition 3:
Actual charging power of PV array Rated charging power of controller
Condition 4:
Actual charging current of PV array Rated charging current of controller
When the controller operates under “Condition 3” or “Condition 4”, it will
carry out the charging as per the rated current or power.
WARNING: When the power of PV module is greater than the rated charging power, and the maximum open-circuit voltage of PV array is more than 50V(at the lowest environmental temperature), the controller may be damaged.
According to “Peak Sun Hours diagram”, if the power of PV array exceeds the
rated charging power of controller, then the charging time as per the rated
power will be prolonged, so that more energy can be obtained for charging the
battery. However, in the practical application, the maximum power of PV array
shall be not greater than 1.5 x the rated charging power of controller. If the
maximum power of PV array exceeds the rated charging power of controller too
much, it will not only cause the waste of PV modules, but also increase the
open-circuit voltage of PV array due to the influence of environmental
temperature, which may make the probability of damage to the controller rise.
Therefore, it is very important to configure the system reasonably. For the
recommended maximum power of PV array for this controller, please refer to the
table below:
Table 2-2 maximum power of PV array for this controller
- At 25C environment temperature
- At minimum operating environment temperature
2.3 Wire Size
The wiring and installation methods must conform to all national and local electrical code requirements.
PV Wire Size
Since PV array output can vary due to the PV module size, connection method or
sunlight angle, the minimum wire size can be calculated by the Isc* of PV
array. Please refer to the value of Isc in the PV module specification. When
PV modules connect in series, the Isc is equal to a PV modules Isc. When PV
modules connect in parallel, the Isc is equal to the sum of the PV module’s
Isc.
The Isc of the PV array must not exceed the controller’s maximum PV input
current. Please refer to the table as below:
NOTE: Al PV modules in a given array are assumed to be identical.
- Isc-short circuit current(amps) Voc-open circuit voltage.
Table 2-3 PV array must not exceed the controller’s maximum
- These are the maximum wire sizes that will fit the controller terminal
2.4 Mounting
2.5 Installation Procedure
Step 1: Choose the installation site
Do not install the controller at a place that is subject to direct sunlight,
high temperature or water intrusion, and make sure the ambient environment is
well ventilated.
CAUTION: While wiring the controller do not close the circuit breaker or fuse and make sure that the leads of “+” and “-” poles are connected correctly.
CAUTION: A fuse which current is 1.25 to 2 times the rated current of the controller, must be installed on the battery side with a distance from the battery not greater than 150 mm.
CAUTION: If an inverter is to be connected to the system, connect the
inverter directly to the battery, not to the load side of the controller.
Step 3: Install
Fix a screw at a suitable position with 5mm left, and prepare a double-sided
adhesive. Hang the controller and stick it on the double-sided adhesive.
3. Operation
3.1 Button
3.2 Interface
(1) Status Description
(2) LED Indicator
Note: the LED screen has a sleep function to save power. When it is detected that the solar panel cannot be charged, the controller will turn off the display after a delay of 5 minutes.Press any key or Restart charging can wake up the LED screen again.
(3) Fault Indication
(4) Browse interface
Olf there is no operation within 20s in any interface or after powered on
within IOS, The main interface will cycle to display the battery voltage,
Battery capacity,charging current,PV voltage and charging power every 3s.Long
press the “OPERATION ” button( ) can speed up the cycle display time.
3.3 Setting
(1) Clear the charging power (AH)
Operation:
The following rules must be observed when modifying the parameter values in User
- Charging Limit Voltage Charging Voltage Charging Voltage Boost Reconnect Charging Voltage
- Low Voltage Reconnect Voltage Low Voltage Disconnect Voltage(BMS+0.2V)
- Boost Reconnect Charging voltage Low Voltage Reconnect Voltage Low Voltage Disconnect Voltage(BMS+0.2V)
Battery Voltage Control Parameters
Below parameters are in 12V system at 25 oc
(4) Battery type
(1) support battery types
(2) Setting the battery type via LCD
Step 1: At main interface(cycle display),Press the “Red” button to enter
battery type mode interface.
Step 2: Long press the “Red” button(25S ) until the “SEL” is flashing,then it
enters the setting state.
Step 3: Press the “Red” and “Yellow” button to confirm the battery type below.
Step 4: Long press the “Red” button(25S ) to save the new setting.lf there is
no operation within 20S,the controller will enter the main interface and cycle
to display automatically.
Method 2: The mobile phone web page can be downloaded and installed directly
by logging in to
https://www.ldsolarpv.com/jszc# or
https://www.ldsolar.com/download
Method 3: Google Play application market download
Search for “LD iConnect” in Google Play Application market and find Idsolar’s
app. The icon is as follows. Just download and install it directly.
•IOS for Apple
Search for “LD iConnect” in the Apple store, and find Idsolar’s app, with the
icon above, just download and install it directly.
Note:
•After downloading the App, please check the application update in My iConnect
— click Automatic Update to the latest version. In this way, you can enjoy the
latest application functions.
2. lnstallation of communication module
4. Protections, Troubleshooting and Maintenance
4.1 Protection
*When the intemal temperature is 75C, the reducing power charging mode which reduce the charging power of 5% every increase 1 C is turned on. If the intemal temperature is greater than 85C, the controller will stop charging. When the temperature declines to be below 65 cc, the controller will resume.
4.2 Troubleshooting
4.3 Maintenance
The following inspections and maintenance tasks are recommended at least two
times per year for best performance.
Make sure controller firmly installed in a clean and dry ambient.
Make sure no block on air-flow around the controller. Clear up any dirt and
fragments on radiator.
Check all the naked wires to make sure insulation is not damaged for
solarization, frictional wear, dryness, insects or rats etc. Repair or replace
some wires if necessary.
Tighten all the terminals. Inspect for loose, broken, or burnt wire
connections.
Check and confirm that LED is consistent with required. Pay attention to any
troubleshooting or error indication . Take corrective action if necessary.
Confirm that all the system components are ground connected tightly and
correctly.
Confirm that all the terminals have no corrosion, insulation damaged, high
temperature or burnt/discolored sign, tighten terminal screws to the suggested
torque.
Check for dirt, nesting insects and corrosion. If so, clear up in time.
Check and confirm that lightning arrester is in good condition. Replace a new
one in time to avoid damaging of the controller and even other equipments.
WARNING: Risk of electric shock!
Make sure that all the power is turned off before above operations, and then
follow the corresponding inspections and operations.
5. Technical Specifications
5.1 Electrical Parameters
- When a lithium battery is used, the system voltage can’t be identified automatically.
- At minimum operating environment temperature
- At 25C environment temperature
- When a lithium battery is used, the temperature compensate coefficient will be O.
The controller can work under full load in the working environment temperature, When the internal temperature is more than BOC, the reducing power charging mode is turned on.
5.2 Mechanical Parameters
Read More About This Manual & Download PDF: