WAVES GEQ Graphic Equalizer Plugin User Guide
- June 7, 2024
- WAVES
Table of Contents
WAVES
GEQ
GRAPHIC EQUALIZER
USER GUIDE
Chapter 1 – Introduction
Welcome
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Product Overview
Waves GEQ is a full-featured graphic equalizer with both Classic and Modern mono and stereo components, featuring 30 ISO bands plus high and low pass filters, a high precision floating parametric EQ bell filter, and a real-time analyzer.
GEQ Classic components use traditional proportional Q filters inspired by the renowned DN series 1/3 octave equalizers, which narrow the filter width as you increase a band’s gain; GEQ Modern components utilize special Flat-Top filters which eliminate the artifacts associated with band interaction, and provide perfect plateau and stair-stepped responses. Set band gains one by one, or draw your curve via touch-screen or mouse. Finally, GE Q’s integrated real-time analyzer lets you compare the difference between two sources. Created for live sound but equally useful in the studio as well, GEQ is powerful proof that all equalizers are not created equal.
Concepts and Terminology
Graphic EQ
Most graphic equalizers consist of a bank of filters with pre-determined
(fixed) cutoff frequencies, typically divided into bands of 1/3 or one octaves
each, with frequency cutoffs defined by ISO standards (International
Organization for Standardization). It’s common to see them gain controls set
as a horizontal array of faders with the lowest frequency on the left and the
highest on the right. So if one were to draw a line that plots the gain fader
positions at any given time, the resultant line would be a graphical
representation of the equalizer’s current frequency response, hence the name
“graphic equalizer.”
The GEQ offers three bands per octave for a total of 30 bands, similar to the
hardware devices commonly used in live sound reinforcement systems. GEQ
includes a faders array as well as a parametric graph, plus a real-time
analyzer with flexible routing.
Proportional Q
For its 30 main bands, the GEQ Classic component uses “Proportional Q”
filters. The Q value is proportional to the gain adjustment; increasing a
band’s gain narrows the filter width.
Flat-Top Filters
The GEQ Modern component utilizes special Flat-Top filters which eliminate the
artifacts associated with band interaction, and provide perfect plateau and
stair-stepped responses. Thus, boosting a set of consecutive bands by 6 dB
will result in a 6 dB boost plane, without additional boost due to band
interaction.
Band Interaction
Close to 0 dB, Proportional Q bells have a fairly wide frequency range. This
is not an issue when boosting or cutting frequencies in different ranges;
however, when boosting adjacent bands, the two filters will overlap and
interact, resulting in unintended gain levels.
Components
WaveShell technology enables us to split Waves processors into smaller
plugins, which we call components. Having a choice of components for a
particular processor gives you
the flexibility to choose the configuration best suited to your material.
GEQ has a total of four components:
- GEQ Classic Mono
- GEQ Classic Stereo
- GEQ Modern Mono
- GEQ Modern Stereo
Chapter 2 – Quick Start Guide
Using the EQ
-
Open a mono or stereo GEQ component on a track.
-
Select Drag or Draw mode.
-
Drag mode: Select individual band faders, move each up or down to set its boost/cut.
Draw mode: Select a band fader, move up or down and continuously left or right to draw the EQ curve. -
For further adjustments, use the floating Parametric EQ section to set non-ISO frequency cutoffs.
Setting and Calibrating the Analyzer
- Open a mono or stereo GEQ component on an output track.
- On the WaveSystem toolbar, go to RTA1 and select a source. (See Section 3.2.)
- On the WaveSystem toolbar, go to RTA2 and select a sidechain input. For example, the sidechain input can receive its signal from a microphone which measures the RTA1 source after passing through the PA system:
- On the WaveSystem toolbar, activate Calibration Mode by clicking Calibration
- Select the RTA Mode: Fast or Slow.
- If required, calculate the delay between the two RTA input sources, and enter the value in milliseconds into the RTA1 Delay field.
- Adjust the RTA1 and RTA2 displayed curve levels using the faders next to the input and output meters. Please note: Adjusting these faders will affect only the analyzer; it will not affect your output.
- Press Diff to view the difference in frequency response between RTA1 and RTA2.
- Match the two signals manually using the EQ section of the plugin.
Chapter 3 – Interface and Controls
Interface
Controls
GRAPHIC DISPLAY / ANALYZER shows the EQ curve, RTA1, and RTA2 input RMS
frequency responses and the Difference between them.
Brown EQ curve on mono components; Left channel EQ curve on stereo
components.
Blue Right channel EQ curve
Yellow RTA1 input frequency response
Cyan RTA2 input frequency response
Red Difference between RTA1 and RTA2
Frequency Range: 20 – 20,000 Hz
Level Range: -80 – 0 dBFS
INPUT METER displays input level (peak) in dBFS.
Range: -80 – 0 dBFS
OUTPUT METER displays output level (peak) in dBFS.
Range: -80 – 0 dBFS
RTA1 assigns the first input to the real-time analyzer.
RTA2 assigns the second input to the real-time analyzer.
Mono Component Range: Off, In, SC-In, Out
Stereo Component Range: Off, L-In, R-In, LSC-In, RSC-In, L-Out, R-Out, L+R
DIFFERENCE mode turns off the real-time analyzer and displays the
difference in frequency response between RTA1 and RTA2. This is helpful when
you need to:
- Adjust the output signal in relation to the measured post-system response.
- Match the left and right frequency responses.
Range: On, Off
Calibration Mode
CALIBRATION activates the Calibration mode which calibrates the analyzer.
RTA1 & RTA2 FADERS are used to adjust and match the analyzer input
levels.
RTA CALIBRATION set the response time of the analyzer.
Please note: When the Difference is on, the response is Slow, regardless of
the RTA Calibration setting.
Range: Fast, Slow
RTA1 DELAY sets the alignment of RTA1 to RTA2.
Range: 0 – 341 milliseconds
Graphic EQ Section
SCALE c ontrols the maximum range of GEQ faders. The scale indicators
next to the band faders update according to the selected scale. For example,
if the 6 dB scale is selected and 25 Hz is set to +5 dB, changing the scale to
12 dB increases the boost at 25 Hz to +10 dB.
Range: 6, 12, 18 dB
Q functions as a multiplier for the proportional Q algorithm. (Classic
components only)
Range 0.250 – 4.000
ISO FADERS controls the gain of selected frequency centers.
Gain Range: -18 to +18 (dependent on Scale settings)
Frequency Cutoffs: 25 Hz, 31 Hz, 40 Hz, 50 Hz, 63 Hz, 80 Hz, 100 Hz, 125 Hz,
160 Hz, 200 Hz, 250 Hz, 315 Hz, 400 Hz, 500 Hz, 630 Hz, 800 Hz, 1 kHz, 1.25
kHz, 1.6 kHz, 2 kHz, 2.5 kHz, 3.15 kHz, 4 kHz, 5 kHz, 6.3 kHz, 8 kHz, 10 kHz,
12.5 kHz 16 kHz, 20 kHz
DRAG selects the method of setting the band faders.
- Drag mode: Select individual band faders; move each up or down to set its boost/cut.
- Draw mode: Select a band fader; move up or down, left or right, continuously, to draw the EQ curve.
Range: Drag, Draw
LINK relatively links left and right channels, including all bands, high
and low pass filters, floating Parametric Bell EQ, and Master Gain settings.
(Stereo components only)
Range: On, Off
FLAT snaps all bands to 0 dB.
Please note: This does not affect the floating Parametric EQ section.
Floating Parametric EQ Section
HP activates the high pass filter.
Range: On, Off
HP FREQUENCY sets the cutoff frequency of the high pass filter.
Range: 20 – 990 Hz
LP activates the low pass filter.
Range: On, Off
LP FREQUENCY sets the cutoff frequency of the low pass filter.
Range: 1000 – 20,000 Hz
PARAMETRIC BELL activates the floating parametric bell filter.
Range: On, Off
PARAMETRIC BELL FREQUENCY sets the cutoff frequency of the floating
parametric
bell filter.
Range 20 – 20,000 Hz
PARAMETRIC BELL GAIN controls the gain of the floating parametric bell
filter.
Range: +/- 18 dB
PARAMETRIC BELL Q determines the width of the floating parametric bell filter.
Range: 0.250-50
MASTER GAIN controls the output level of the entire plugin.
Range: +/- 18 dB
WaveSystem Toolbar
Use the bar at the top of the plugin to save and load presets, compare settings, undo and redo steps, and resize the plugin. To learn more, click the icon at the upper-right corner of the window and open the WaveSystem Guide.
References
- Waves Audio - Mixing, Mastering & Music Production Tools
- Waves Audio - Mixing, Mastering & Music Production Tools
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