Lynq Technologies LNQNSM01 Network Stack Module User Manual
- June 5, 2024
- Lynq Technologies
Table of Contents
- Lynq Technologies LNQNSM01 Network Stack Module
- Features
- Block Diagram
- General Specifications
- Electrical Characteristics
- Recommended Operating Conditions
- Pin Description
- **Typical Connection
- Regulatory Compliance
- Label Information
- Module Dimensions
- FCC Statement
- Read User Manual Online (PDF format)
- Download This Manual (PDF format)
Lynq Technologies LNQNSM01 Network Stack Module
Features
The LNQNSM01 LoRa module provides a turnkey solution for leveraging the Lynq
Network Stack. It allows for the commissioning of networks using a simplified
serial peripheral command interface. The FCC/IC certified design allows for
rapid product development and fast time to market.
The front-end design of this module allows for operation at the limits of
transmit power, providing longer range communication than competitive LoRa
modules.
The LNQNSM01 is suited for long range point-to-point applications in which
sensor and messaging applications are desired.
- UART command interface.
- Limited modular certification for FCC (USA) and IC (Canada) operation
- Castellated pads for easy design and debugging
- Compact Form Factor — 22 x 22 x 2.5 mm
- On-board bootloader for easy device firmware upgrades
- RoHS Compliant
Block Diagram
Network Stack Module Block Diagram
General Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings
| Parameter | Min | Max | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | -40 | +85 | °C |
| Operating Temperature | -40 | +85 | °C |
| VDD Operating Voltage | +2.0 | +3.6 | V |
| VFEM Operating Voltage | -0.3 | +5.5 | V |
Electrical Characteristics
Transmitter Specification
Conditions: Vdd = Vfem = 3.3V, temperature = 25 C, 50 ohm matched antenna, unless otherwise specified.
| Parameter | Condition | Min | Typ | Max | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Output power at ANT | 0 | – | +27 | dBm | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Output power stability | – | +/- 1 | – | dB | |
| Output power stability vs temperature |
–
|
+/- 1.5
|
–
|
dB
Current while transmitting
| ANT_OP = +2 dBm| –| 52| –| mA
ANT_OP = +5 dBm| –| 58| –| mA
ANT_OP = +10 dBm| –| 68| –| mA
ANT_OP = +15 dBm| –| 85| –| mA
ANT_OP = +20 dBm| –| 124| –| mA
ANT_OP = +27 dBm| –| 380| –| mA
ANT_OP = +30 dBm @ 4.8V
|
–
|
490
|
–
|
mA
Receiver Specification
Conditions: Vdd = Vfem = 3.3V, temperature = 25 C, matched antenna
| Parameter | Min | Typ | Max | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current while receiving | – | 57 | – | mA |
| Receiver sensitivity | – | – | -135 | dBm |
Recommended Operating Conditions
| Parameter | Min | Typ | Max | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VDD supply voltage | +2.0 | +3.3 | +3.6 | V |
| VFEM supply voltage* | +2.0 | +3.3 | +4.8 | V |
| Voltage Int logic high | 0.75 x VDD | – | – | V |
| Voltage INT logic low | – | – | 0..3 x VDD | V |
- Operating at a supply voltage above 4.8V will disable power to the FEM.
Pin Description
| Pin | Name | Description | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VSS | Ground | Ground |
| 2 | VDD | Radio/MCU Supply Voltage | Power |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 | VFEM | Front-End Supply Voltage | Power |
| 4 | ENABLE | Module Enable/Disable | Input |
| 5 | INT0 | Event Interrupt 0 | Input/Output |
| 6 | INT1 | Event Interrupt 1 | Input/Output |
| 7 | CLK_OUT | Module 32MHz Clock Out | Output |
| 8 | INT2 | Event Interrupt 2 | Input/Output |
| 9 | T_SYNC | Network Time Synchronization Clock | Input |
| 10 | SWD_CLK | SWD Programming Clock Line | Input |
| 11 | UART RX | 115200 Baud UART Rx | Input |
| 12 | UART TX | 115200 Baud UART Tx | Output |
| 13 | SWD_IO | SWD Programming Data Line | Input/Output |
| 14 | nRESET | Device Reset | Input/Output |
| 15 | INT3 | Even Interrupt 3 | Input/Output |
| 16 | VSS | Ground | Ground |
| 17 | VSS | Ground | Ground |
| 18 | ANT_IO | Antenna Rx/Tx | Input/Output |
| 19 | VSS | Ground | Ground |
LNQNSM01 Pin Diagram
**Typical Connection
**
Serial Connection to Host Processor
The LNQNSM01 has a UART serial peripheral interface dedicated to communication with the module via a host controller or processor. Default UART specifications are provided in the table below and complete command interface documentation can be found in the “LNQNSM01 Module Command Interface Reference Manual” (DOCUMENT NUMBER HERE).
Default UART Interface Settings
| Parameter | Setting |
|---|---|
| Baud Rate | 115200 |
| Data Bits | 8 |
| Parity Bit | None |
| Stop Bit | 1 |
| Flow Control | None |
Interrupt Pins
Four mappable interrupt pins are available based on application specific requirements. The available modes are detailed in the following table.
Interrupt Functions
| Signal | Type |
|---|---|
| Read data available | Output |
| Transmit queue empty | Output |
| Service queue empty | Output |
| Transmit active | Output |
| Receive active | Output |
| Network in sync | Output |
| Transmit buffer full | Output |
| Interference detected | Output |
| Service ACK received | Output |
| Service ACK time-out | Output |
| High priority alert | Output |
| Receive Ready | Output |
Antenna Pin
Pin 18 on the LNQNSM01 connects to a 915 MHz antenna. It is matched to 50 Ohms. To maximize performance, it is important to make sure that any traces from the pin are matched to 50 Ohms.
- Antenna model: LNQNSM01
- Antenna type: PCB
- Antenna gain: 0dBi
- Manufacturer: LYNQ Technologies, Inc.
nReset Pin
The nReset pin is an active-low input that resets the LNQNSM01 module MCU. It is recommended to connect a weak pull-up resistor to this pin. To prevent potential framing issues at power on, nReset should be asserted after the host controller has been powered on and initialized.
Time Synchronization Pin
The time synchronization pin allows for a global clock to be used to
synchronize the network rather than relying on relying on synchronization
packets to maintain a network connection. This can be particularly useful when
connected radios have a high probability of going out of range from one
another for extended periods of time. In these instances units can become
desynchronized and require some time to resynchronize with a network when back
in range.
Setting global times obviates the need for devices to resynchronize and allow
devices to be perpetually synchronized regardless of time in isolation. The
process for utilizing the global clock is generally as follows.
- A one second timepulse, usually from a device with a global clock source such as a GNSS receiver, is provided to the T_SYNC pin (see figure 8.5.1). This will force the LNQNSM01 to keep time using this clock source. Time is synchronized on the rising edge of the pulse.
- Host processor sends a “Synchronize Time” command via UART to the network processor.(see “LNQNSM01 Module Command Interface Reference Manual” for command information). Synchronization commands should be resent if the T_SYNC pin is every unapplied or if there is a system reboot.
Time Synchronization Pin Diagram
Enable Pin
The enable pin is an input pin serves as a means of deep sleeping module
components. It is intended to minimize the current draw to the device to act
as an effective ‘off’ switch for the module.
When high, device operation is normal and all aspects of the system can be
controlled. When the pin is pulled low, all on board components are disabled
and the module cannot be communicated with. See current draw characteristics
in section 6, Operating Characteristics, for information on expected power
consumption.
SWD Pins
SWD pins can be used for reprogramming the onboard microcontroller. It is highly recommended that all device firmware updates are issued using Lynq’s UART bootloader and official Lynq support software only.
Power Supply Pins
The LNQNSM01 power supply pins must be provided with a power source that
allows for operation under the operating conditions defined by the user’s
application. Refer to 6, Operating Conditions, for more information.
It is recommended that additional capacitance is provided closely to each pin.
Vdd and Vfem should be provided with a minimum of 4.7uF each.
Clock Output Pin
The 8MHz source clock of the LNQNSM01 can be provided to other devices via the clock output pin. The use of this pin can be useful in saving in design cost or to provide a fully synchronized clock source with the LNQNSM01 module.
Regulatory Compliance
Countries of operation
The LNQNSM01 has been approved for operation in the United States and Canada. Implementation of this product must follow the guidelines in this section under each respective country for the allowance of permissive operation.
United States
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Label Information
Module Dimensions
Module Dimension Table
| Description | mm |
|---|---|
| PCB Length | 22.00 |
| PCB Width | 22.00 |
| Castellated pad width | 1.00 |
| Castellated pad pitch | 2.00 |
| Antenna Pin to board edge | 11.0 |
| Recommended pad length | 1.8 |
| Recommended pad width | 1.6 |
FCC Statement
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
- This device may not cause harmful interference, and
- this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Any Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
The modular can be installed or integrated in mobile or fix devices only. This modular cannot be installed in any portable device.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
This modular complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating
in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. This modular must be
installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator
and user body.
If the FCC identification number is not visible when the module is installed
inside another device,
then the outside of the device into which the module is installed must also
display a label
referring to the enclosed module. This exterior label can use wording such as
the following:
“Contains Transmitter Module FCC ID: 2ARHMLYNQNSM01 Or Contains FCC ID:
2ARHMLYNQNSM01”
When the module is installed inside another device, the user manual of the
host must contain
below warning statements;
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
- This device may not cause harmful interference.
- This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
The devices must be installed and used in strict accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions as described in the user documentation that comes
with the product.
Any company of the host device which installs this modular with Single modular
approval should perform the test of radiated emission and spurious emission
according to FCC part15.247
and 15.209 requirements, Only if the test result complies with FCC part15.247
and 15.209 requirements，then the host can be sold legally.
IC Warning
This device complies with Industry Canada’s license-exempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
- This device may not cause interference; and
- This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
If the ISED number is not visible when the module is installed inside another
device, then the outside of the device into which the module is installed must
also display a label referring to the enclosed module. This exterior label can
use wording such as the following: “Contains Transmitter Module IC:
24896-LYNQNSM01 Or Contains IC: 24896-LYNQNSM01”
When the module is installed inside another device, the user manual of the
host must contain
the below warning statements;
This device complies with RSS Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
- This device may not cause harmful interference.
- This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
The devices must be installed and used in strict accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions as described in the user documentation that comes
with the product.
Any company of the host device which installs this modular with limited
modular approval should perform the test of radiated emission and spurious
emission according to RSS-247 requirement, Only if the test result complies
with RSS-247 requirement, then the host can be sold legally.