GARMIN G3X Touch Flight Displays for Experimental Aircraft Instruction Manual

June 6, 2024
Garmin

GARMIN G3X Touch Flight Displays for Experimental Aircraft

Product Information

Specifications

  • Product Name: G3XTM/G3X TouchTM Avionics Installation Manual
  • Model Number: 190-01115-01
  • Revision: AV
  • Release Date: May, 2024
  • Manufacturer: Garmin International, Inc.
  • Locations: Olathe, KS, USA and Southampton, U.K.

Product Usage Instructions

Installation

Follow the step-by-step instructions provided in the manual for a successful installation of the G3XTM/G3X TouchTM Avionics system.

Usage

Once installed, power on the avionics system and follow the on-screen instructions to set up and configure the various features.

Maintenance

Regularly check for software updates on the Garmin website to ensure your avionics system is up to date.

FAQs

  • Q: Is the G3X system suitable for installation in type-certificated aircraft?
    • A: No, the G3X system is not type-certificated and is not suitable for installation in type-certificated aircraft.
  • Q: Where can I find additional information about chemicals in the product?
  • Q: How many displays do the installation guidance and instructions apply to?
    • A: Unless otherwise noted, all installation guidance, requirements, and instructions apply to one, two, three, four, five, and six-display G3X systems.

G3XTM/G3X TouchTM Avionics Installation
Manual

190-01115-01

May, 2024

Revision AV

© 2024 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries
All Rights Reserved
Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express prior written consent of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed and to print one copy of this manual or of any revision hereto, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision must contain the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited.
Garmin International, Inc. 1200 E. 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062 USA Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Hounsdown Business Park Southampton, Hampshire SO40 9LR U.K.
Garmin Würzburg GmbH Beethovenstrasse 1a
97080 Würzburg, Germany
Garmin aviation product support information can be found at flyGarmin.com® website or contacted by email at g3xpert@garmin.com.
RECORD OF REVISIONS

Revision
AR AS AT AU AV

Revision Date
12/15/22 03/06/23 07/17/23 08/23/23 05/13/24

Description
Various updates Various updates Added GHA 15 info, various updates Updated AOA configuration info Added new GAD 27 unit info

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CURRENT REVISION DESCRIPTION

Revision AV

Page Number(s) iii 1-5 1-9 2-6 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-8
2-24 3-3 3-5 7-1 21-3, 21-4 21-10 21-28 22-22, 22-24 23-4
23-24­23-27
23-30, 23-32, 23-33, 23-36­23-38
24-25, 24-32, 24-34, 24-51
26-1, 26-3, 26-5, 26-7 27-2, 27-3
28-2­28-5
30-6 30-11, 30-12
30-24 30-37 30-104, 30-107, 30-110
30-123, 30-125, 30-127
30-146 30-150 30-157 30-170 30-181, 30-187, 30-189­30-193, 30-198­30-201, 30-203 30-206­30-209, 30-215, 30-218, 30-222, 30-227, 30-232 30-236
31-1 H-109

Section Number Front 1.5.1 1.5.4 2.1.1.7 2.1.1.8
2.1.1.10 2.1.1.11 2.1.1.12 2.3.1.3.2
3.2.1 3.6 7 21.1 21.2.2.2 21.3.5.4 22.7 23.1.3 23.4.2, 23.4.3, 23.4.4 23.4.8, 23.4.11, 23.4.12, 23.4.17, 23.4.18
24.2
26 27.2
28.2
30.4.3 30.4.7 30.4.7.5 30.4.9
30.4.10.10
30.4.13.1, 30.4.13.2, 30.4.13.3
30.4.18 30.4.20 30.4.22 30.4.22
30.4.32
30.5.1 31
H.4.14

Description of Change Added note regarding GEA 24/24B Updated CAN Bus Wire info Added reference to SDUC cards Updated Engine Information section Updated GPS info Updated Navigation info Updated COM Radios info Updated NAV Radios info Updated CAN Bus Wiring info Updated part numbers in GAD 27 Part Numbers Table 3-1 Updated Figure 3-3 Added reference to SDUC cards Corrected part info in Table 21-1 Updated Rotax info Added Surefly TACH2 Module section Updated Circular Connector info Added note regarding Keep Alive Power VOut
Updated J242, J243, and J244 pin names
Updated pin names
Updated Figure 24-2.6 Figure 24-2.12,and Figure 24-2.14,added Figure 24-2.31 Updated Figure 26-1, Figure 26-2.1, Figure 26-2.2, & Figure 26-2.3 Updated Figure 27-2 p. 1 of 2 and Figure 27-2 p. 2 of 2 Updated Figure 28-2.1 p. 1 of 2, Figure 28-2.1 p. 2 of 2, Figure 28-2.2, and Figure 28-2.3 Updated System Information Page section Updated ADAHRS Calibration section Added Zero- Airspeed Calibration section Updated AOA Configuration Page info
Updated Detailed Autopilot Configuration Page Options info
Updated Roll, Pitch, and Yaw Trim Configuration info
Updated Display Configuration Page info Updated Sound Configuration Page info Updated ARINC 429 Configuration Page info Updated COM Radio Configuration Page info
Updated Engine and Airframe Configuration info
Updated Updating Garmin Databases info Updated Product Support phone number Added Aviation Out info

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INFORMATION SUBJECT TO EXPORT CONTROL LAWS This document may contain information which is subject to the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”) issued by the United States Department of Commerce (15 CFR, Chapter VII Subchapter C) and which may not be exported, released or disclosed to foreign nationals inside or outside the United States without first obtaining an export license. The preceding statement is required to be included on any and all reproductions in whole or in part of this manual.
DEFINITIONS OF WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

WARNING This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This Notice is being provided in accordance with California’s Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our website at www.garmin.com/prop65.
NOTE G3XTM avionics includes non-TSO certified products that have received no FAA approval or endorsement. Consequently the G3X system is not type- certificated and is not suitable for installation in type-certificated aircraft.
NOTE Unless otherwise noted all installation guidance, requirements, and instructions apply to one, two, three, four, five, and six-display G3X systems.
NOTE References to the GAD 29 throughout this manual apply equally to the GAD 29C. References to the GAD 29B throughout this manual apply equally to the GAD 29D.
NOTE References to the GDUTM 37X display throughout this manual apply equally to the GDU 370 and GDU 375 except where specifically noted.

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NOTE References to the GDU 45X throughout this manual apply equally to the GDU 450 and GDU 455 except where specifically noted.

NOTE References to the GDU 46X throughout this manual apply equally to the GDU 460 and GDU 465 except where specifically noted.

NOTE References to the GDU 4XX throughout this manual apply equally to the GDU 45X, GDU 46X, and GDU 47X except where specifically noted.

NOTE References to the GEA 24 throughout this manual apply equally to the GEA 24B except where specifically noted.

NOTE References to the GMC Mode Controller throughout this manual apply equally to the GMC 305, GMC 307, and GMC 507 except where specifically noted.

NOTE References to the GSU 25 throughout this manual apply equally to the GSU 25B, GSU 25C, and GSU 25D except where specifically noted.

NOTE The term LRU, as used throughout this manual is an abbreviation for Line Replaceable Unit. LRU is used generically in aviation for a product (such as a GDU 37X or GTP 59) that can be readily “swapped out” (usually as a single component) for troubleshooting/ repair.

NOTE All GMU 22 information in this Installation Manual also applies to the GMU 44. The GMU 44 had previously been used as the G3X magnetometer but has been replaced by the GMU 22.

NOTE Connector references JXXX(X) and PXXX(X) are used throughout this document. The letter “J” or “P” designates the connector (whether on the LRU or wiring harness). “J” (Jack) refers to the connector on the LRU, and “P” (Plug) refers to the connector on the wiring harness. “J” or “P” designate the connector only, regardless of contact type (pin or socket). However GDU 4XX connectors on the LRU are designated as P4X0X.

NOTE The GDU 37X/4XX products contain a lithium battery that must be recycled or disposed by professional services according to applicable governing laws. Only Garmin-authorized service facilities are permitted to perform maintenance on this product.

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NOTE The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Garmin is under license.
NOTE Throughout this document, “GPN” refers to Garmin Part Number.
SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT
BY USING THE DEVICE, COMPONENT OR SYSTEM MANUFACTURED OR SOLD BY GARMIN (“THE GARMIN PRODUCT”), YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE FOLLOWING SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY. Garmin Ltd. and its subsidiaries (“Garmin”) grants you a limited license to use the software embedded in the Garmin Product (the “Software”) in binary executable form in the normal operation of the Garmin Product. Title, ownership rights, and intellectual property rights in and to the Software remain with Garmin and/or its third-party providers. You acknowledge that Software is the property of Garmin and/or its third-party providers and is protected under the United States of America copyright laws and international copyright treaties. You further acknowledge that structure, organization, and code of the Software are valuable trade secrets of Garmin and/or its third- party providers and that Software in source code form remains a valuable trade secret of Garmin and/or its third-party providers. You agree not to reproduce, decompile, disassemble, modify, reverse assemble, reverse engineer, or reduce to human readable form the Software or any part thereof or create any derivative works based on the Software. You agree not to export or re-export the Software to any country in violation of the export control laws of the United States of America.

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INVENTORY OF MATERIALS

This manual provides all of the mechanical and electrical information required for the installation of the G3XTM avionics. This manual is intended to be a step-by-step guide to the installation, therefore it is important the steps in all sections be performed in order. All materials that are required/optional for the installation of the G3X are listed in this section (as such, some of the information in this section is repeated in following sections).
Before beginning the G3X installation, it is recommended the installer perform a complete inventory of all materials listed in this section (some materials are optional and may not be applicable to the installation). Section 1 should be used to verify that all components ordered from Garmin have been delivered correctly, and to identify any required materials that are not provided by Garmin.
1.1 Unpacking Unit
Carefully unpack the equipment and make a visual inspection of all contents for evidence of damage incurred during shipment. If any component of the G3X is damaged, notify the carrier and file a claim. To justify a claim, save the original shipping container and all packing materials. Do not return any equipment to Garmin until the carrier has authorized the claim.
Retain the original shipping containers for storage. If the original containers are not available, a separate cardboard container should be prepared that is large enough to accommodate sufficient packing material to prevent movement.
1.2 Required Garmin Equipment
1.2.1 Garmin LRU (Line Replaceable Unit) List for G3X systems
Table 1-1 and Table 1-2 list the two available G3X System LRU kits. The standard kit includes the GSU 25 and GMU 11, the performance kit includes the GSU 25 and the GMU 22. Available GDUTM displays are listed in Table 1-3. All other G3X LRUs (listed in Table 1-7) are ordered separately.

Table 1-1 Contents of High Performance G3X LRU Kit* (K10-00016-03)

Item

Part Number

Quantity

GSU 25D, Unit Only

010-01071-51

1

GMU 22, Unit Only

010-01196-00

1

Configuration Module, EEPROM, Temp

010-12253-00

1

GTP 59 OAT Probe Kit

011-00978-00

1

The High Performance Kit must be used if the aircraft performance exceeds that specified for the GSU 25, see Appendix D.12.2

Table 1-2 Contents of G3X Standard LRU (K10-00016-04)

Item GSU 25C, Unit Only GMU 11, Unit Only Configuration Module, EEPROM, Temp GTP 59 OAT Probe Kit

Part Number 010-01071-50 010-01788-00 010-12253-00 011-00978-00

Quantity 1 1 1 1

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Table 1-3 Available GDU Display Units

Item

Part Number

G3X – GDU 370, 7″ Portrait Non-Touch Display**

010-00667-15

G3X TouchTM Avionics – GDU 460, 10.6″ Display

010-01057-00

G3X Touch – GDU 465, 10.6″ Display with SXM Receiver

010-01057-10

G3X Touch – GDU 470, 7″ Portrait Display

010-01765-00

G3X Touch – GDU 450, 7″ Landscape Display

010-01056-00

G3X Touch – GDU 455, 7″ Landscape Display with SXM Receiver

010-01056-10

*Any combination of G3X Touch displays can be installed in a single system (maximum of six displays)

**Not compatible with G3X Touch displays

1.3 Optional Garmin Equipment 1.3.1 Garmin Optional LRU Installation Kits
Table 1-4 LRU Connector/Installation Kits

LRU
GAD 27 Flaps/Lights/Trim Controller GAD 29 ARINC 429 Adapter GAP 26 Air Data Probe GDU 37X Display GDU 45X Display GDU 46X Display GDU 470 Display GDL® 39R data transceiver (9 Pin Connector) GDL 5XR Data Link GEATM 24 Engine Interface Module
GHA 15 Height Advisor
GMC 305 Mode Controller GMC 307 Mode Controller GMC 507 Mode Controller GMU 11 Magnetometer GMU 22 Magnetometer GPS 20A

Connector/Installation Kit Part Number
011-03877-00 (Table 3-2)
011-03271-00 (Table 4-2) 011-03609-00 (Table 5-2) 011-01921-00 (Table E-1) 010-12150-01 (Table 6-1) 010-12150-00 (Table 6-2) 010-12150-02 (Table 6-3)
010-11825-20 (Table 1-6)
010-12498-60 (Table 1-6) 011-02886-00 (Table 7-2) 011-05278-00, Conn Kit (Table 8-3) 011-06097-00, Install Kit (Table 8-4) 010-12034-00 (Table 10-2) 010-12421-00 (Table 11-2) 010-01946-00 (Table 12-2) 011-04349-90, Install Kit (Table 13-3) 011-00871-10, Conn Kit (Table 14-3) 011-03914-00 (Table 15-3)

Installation Kit Included with LRU?
N
N N Y N N N
N
N N
N
N N N N N N

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Table 1-4 LRU Connector/Installation Kits

LRU
GSA 28 Servo Actuator
GSU 25 ADAHRS GSU 73 ADAHRS/EIS GTP 59 Temperature Probe GTR 20 Garmin GPS and/or XM Antennas

Connector/Installation Kit Part Number
011-02950-00, Conn Kit (Table 16-6) 011-02950-01, 90° Conn Kit (Table 16-
7)
K10-00181-00, Conn Kit (Table 17-2 )
NA
011-00978-00 (Table 18-2)
011-03241-00 (Table 19-3)
NA

Installation Kit Included with LRU?
N
Y Y Y Y N

Table 1-5 Contents of GDL 39R Connector Kit (010-11825-20)

Item Backshell w/Hdw, Jackscrew, 9/15 pin Conn, Receptacle, d-Sub, Crimp Socket, Commercial, 9 CKT Contact, Sckt, Mil Crimp, size 20, 20-24 AWG

Part Number 011-01855-00 330-00625-09 336-00022-02

Quantity 1 1
9

Table 1-6 Contents of GDL 5XR Connector Kit (010-12498-60)

Item Backshell w/Hdw, Jackscrew, 15/26 pin Conn, Receptacle, d-Sub, Crimp Socket, Commercial, 15 CKT Contact, Sckt, Mil Crimp, size 20, 20-24 AWG

Part Number 011-01855-01 330-00625-15 336-00022-02

Quantity 1 1
16

1.3.2 GPS/XM Antenna(s)
A Garmin or non-Garmin GPS antenna is required for a G3X installation. A Garmin or non-Garmin XM antenna is required for G3X installations using SiriusXM® weather. See Section 20 for required materials for antenna installation including mounting brackets, doubler plates, rivets, hardware, cables, connectors, and sealant.

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1.4 Optional Garmin LRUs
Table 1-7 lists optional Garmin LRUs that can be installed with the G3X system. If any of these LRUs are to be used in this installation, verify that all required installation materials such as connector kits have been acquired. Installation information for LRUs not documented in this manual can be found in the Installation Manual for each respective LRU.

Table 1-7 Optional Garmin LRUs

LRU

All Install Info Included In This Manual?

GAD 27 Flaps/Lights/Trim Controller

Yes

GAD 29 ARINC 429 Adapter

Yes

GAP 26 Air Data Probe

Yes

GDL 39/GDL 39R Data Link

No

GDL 5XR Data Link

No

GDU 37X* Display (if installing more than one)

Yes

GDU 45X* Display (if installing more than one)

Yes

GDU 46X* Display (if installing more than one)

Yes

GDU 470* Display (if installing more than one)

Yes

GEA 24 EIS

Yes

GHA 15

Yes

GI 260

Yes

GMC 305 Mode Controller

Yes

GMC 307 Mode Controller

Yes

GMC 507 Mode Controller

Yes

GMU 11 Magnetometer

Yes

GNSTM 4XX/5XX Avionics

No

GNS 480 GPS/Comm Navigator

No

GSA 28 Servo Actuator

Yes

GSU 25** ADAHRS

Yes

GSU 73** ADAHRS/EIS

Yes

GTNTM 6XX/7XX Avionics Units

No

GTR 20

Yes

GTR 200

No

*One GDU 37X or one GDU 4XX are required **One GSU 25 and/or GSU 73 is required

Section
Section 3 Section 4 Section 5
NA NA
Appendix E
Section 6
Section 6
Section 6
Section 7 Section 8 Section 9 Section 10 Section 11 Section 12 Section 13
NA NA Section 16 Section 17 Appendix F NA Section 19 NA

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Table 1-7 Optional Garmin LRUs

LRU

All Install Info Included In This Manual?

GTXTM Transponder

No

SL30 Nav/Comm Transceiver

No

SL40 Comm Transceiver

No

*One GDU 37X or one GDU 4XX are required **One GSU 25 and/or GSU 73 is required

Section
NA NA NA

1.5 Required non-Garmin Equipment The following items may be required for system installation. 1.5.1 Wiring/Cabling Considerations
BNC/TNC Coaxial Connectors – May be required to terminate the antenna cable, depending upon which antenna is used. Check the antenna installation instructions for detailed information. Example below:
· Connector, BNC/TNC Coaxial, male, crimp (MIL-PRF-39012)

CAN Bus Wire – See Section 2.3.1.3.2

Cable Ties – (MS3367) or lacing cord A-A-52080 (MIL-T-43435)
Cabling and Wiring: (all are provided by the installer unless otherwise noted)
· MIL-W-22759/16 (or other approved wire) AWG #22 or larger wire for all connections unless otherwise specified. The supplied standard pin contacts are compatible with up to AWG #22 wire.
· Shielded wire (MIL-C-27500 cable utilizing M22759/34 wire (SD) and ETFE jacket or MIL-C-27500 cable utilizing M22759/16 wire (TE) and ETFE jacket)
· HSDB (Ethernet) connections may use either aviation grade Category 5 Ethernet cable, or MIL-C-27500 shielded twisted-pair cable.
· RG-400 or RG-142 coaxial cable with 50 nominal impedance and meeting applicable aviation regulations should be used for the installation.
Circuit Breakers – Circuit breakers (MS26574), replaceable fuses, or other circuit protection devices, sized appropriately for the wire gauges used.
Clamps (Adel Clamp) – Various sizes for routing new wiring in the engine cowl (MS21919WDGXX).

Coaxial Cable, 50 – MIL-DTL-17 (i.e. RG-400)

Current Shunts – Qualified to AA55524

Environmental Splice – AS81824/1-X (where X=size) or equivalent

Fiberglass Sleeving – Qualified to MIL-I-3190/6

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Flat or Tubular Braid: · 1/16″ for the GMU (AA59569F36T0062, AA59569R36T0062, or equivalent) · 0.171″ and to be round or tubular for fuel flow transducer overbraid if required (e.g. QQB575R36T171, AA59569R36N171, or equivalent).
Fuse Holders – Qualified to MIL-PRF-19207 (FHN series holders) or GPN 330-01791-10 (P/O kit 330-01791-00)
Fuses: Qualified to MIL-F-15160 size 3AG (i.e. F02A, F03A, F03B)
Heat Shrink Tubing: (M23053/5, X=color) · M23053/5-104-X for single conductor wire · M23053/5-105-X for insulating twisted-pair wire · M23053/5-106-X for insulating triple conductor wire or RG-400 coax
Heat Shrink Tubing, Self-Sealing – Qualified to AMS-DTL-23054/4: · P/N M23053/4-103 · Tyco P/N SCL-1/4-0-STK · Alpha wire FIT-300-1/4
Lamps, Master Warning/Caution Indicator: · MS25041-2 (red) · MS25041-4 (amber) · MS25237-327 (GE or JKL lamp number 327, 28VDC) · MS25237-330 (GE or JKL lamp number 330, 14VDC)
Resistors: · 400k (±10%), 0.5W minimum resistors qualified to MIL-R-10509 or MIL-PRF-26 (i.e. RN70C4023BB14) · 1 k (±1%), 0.5W resistors qualified to MIL-R-10509 or MIL-PRF-26 (i.e. RN70C1001FRE5, RN65E1001FB14) · 390 (±5%), 0.25W minimum resistors qualified to MIL-R-10509 or MIL-PRF-26 (i.e. RN60D3900FB14, RN60D3920FB14, RN65C3900FB14). (For GMATM 245R Audio Panel)
Ring Terminals – MS25036 or M7928 (for GAD 27)
Shield Terminators: · AS83519/1-X, AS83519/2-X or equivalent · AS83519/X-2 for single conductor wire · AS83519/X-3 for twisted-pair and triple conductor wire · AS83519/X-4 for RG-400 coax
Silicone Fusion Tape – A-A-59163 (MIL-I-46852C or equivalent)

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Switches – Wig-wag installation, high current (>5A) MIL-DTL-3950 (i.e. Honeywell P/N 2TL1-10).
Switches (GAP 26 installation): Conform to MIL-DTL-3950 (i.e. Honeywell P/N 1TL1-2)
Thermocouple Extension Wire, K-type, or J-type Non-shielded: 150°C or higher – Stranded AWG 24-20, colored per ASTM E 230, and tested in accordance with at least one of the following STDS:
· ASTM E 207 · ASTM E 220 · AMS 2750 (e.g. Watlow, SERV-RITE P/Ns K24-3-507 and J20-3-507)

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1.5.2 Contact and Crimp Tools Table 1-8 lists recommended crimp tools used to build the wiring harnesses for the G3X LRUs, other equivalent tooling may also be used.
Table 1-8 Pin Contact and Crimp Tools Part Numbers

LRU

Contact Type

Garmin Contact Part
Number

Recommended Positioner

Recommended Recommended

Insertion/

Hand

Extraction Tool Crimping Tool

GDU 37X GDU 4XX
GMC 305/ 307/507 GSU 73 GTP 59
011-00979-20 (Config
module w/ EEPROM kit) 011-00981-00 (thermocouple
kit)

Socket, Size 20 Pin, Size 22D

336-00022-02 M22520/2-08, or 336-00094-00 Daniels K13-1

336-00021-00 (MIL P/N
M39029/58-360)

M22520/2-09 Positronic P/N
9502-4, Daniels P/N K42

GMU 22

Socket, Size 20

011-00979-22 (Config
module w/ Sockets & Jackscrew kit) GAD 27/29 GEA 24 (J241, J243,
J244) GMU 11 GSA 28 GSU 25 GTR 20/200 GAD 29 GEA 24 (J242 only)

Socket, Size 20, 26-30 AWG
Socket, Size 20, 20-24 AWG Pin, Size 20

GHA 15

Pin Size 22D

336-00022-00 (MIL P/N
M39029/63-368)
336-00022-01
336-00022-02
336-00024-00 (MIL P/N
M39029/64-369) 336-00051-00
(MIL P/N 39029/56-348)

M22520/2-08, Daniels K13-1 M22520/2-08, Daniels K13-1
Use crimp setting 6 for 28
AWG
M22520/2-08, Daniels K13-1
M22520/2-07 M22520/7-05

M81969/1-04 for size 22D
pins and M81969/1-02 for size 20 pins

M22520/2-01

NOTE Non-Garmin part numbers shown are not maintained by Garmin and consequently are subject to change without notice.
1.5.3 Hex Driver
A 3/32″ hex drive tool is required to secure the GDU to the panel as described in Appendix E.7.1 GDU 37X Unit Installation and Section 6.6.1 GDU 4XX Unit Installation.

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1.5.4 SD Card
An SD Card is required to be used as a DataCard. Garmin recommends a 2 GB SanDisk® brand SD card for GDU 37X units, and an 8 GB SanDisk® brand SD card for GDU 4XX units. SD or SDHC cards up to 32 GB using the FAT32 file format are supported, SDXC and SDUC cards are not supported. See Appendix H.5.1, Section 30.5.1, and Section 31.3.1 for detailed information.
1.5.5 Non-Magnetic Tools (GMU Units)
Use of non-magnetic tools (e.g. beryllium, copper, or titanium) is recommended when installing or servicing the GMU magnetometer. Do not use a screwdriver that contains a magnet when installing or servicing a magnetometer.
1.5.6 Pneumatic Hoses and Connectors
Air hoses and fittings are required to connect pitot and static air to the ADAHRS (GSU 25/73). The ADAHRS (GSU 25/73) has a female 1/8-27 ANPT fitting for each pitot and static port. Use appropriate aircraft fittings to connect to pitot, static, and Angle of Attack (AOA on GSU 25 only) system lines.
1.5.7 GAD 27/GAD 29/GEA 24/GPS 20A/GSU 25 Mounting Hardware
If the installer does not use the applicable installation kit, an example of alternate mounting hardware is: (4 ea.) #10-32 pan or hex head screws.
1.5.8 GAP 26 Mounting Hardware
The materials listed in Table 1-9 are required to assemble and mount the GAP 26: Table 1-9 GAP 26 Mounting Hardware

Quantity 4 2 2 2

Item Screw #6 Washer #6 Nut #6

4

Screw #8

4

Washer #8

4

Nut #8

Part Number MS51957-26 MS51957-32 NAS1149CN632R MS21044C06 MS24693-CXX (Countersunk) OR MS51957-XX (Pan Head) NAS1149CN832R MS21044C08

Notes Mount tube to probe Mount tube to mount bracket
Mount bracket to inspection panel

1.5.9 GMU 11 Mounting Materials
The following materials (or equivalents) required to install the GMU 11 in a non-metallic wingtip:
· Tinned copper flat braid, 1/4″, QQB575F36T0250 · Electrical tie-down strap, adjustable, MS3367- (1, 2, or 7)-X · Terminal lug, #10, uninsulated, MS25036-108 · Terminal stud, #10 · Terminal lug, #8, uninsulated, MS25036-153
1.5.10 GSU 73 Mounting Hardware
An example of GSU 73 mounting hardware is: #10-32 pan or hex head screw (4 ea.) and #10-32 selflocking nut (4 ea). (see Appendix F.5.13)

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1.6 Optional Garmin Equipment (non-LRU) 1.6.1 Optional GMU 22 Mounting Racks The Universal Mounting Rack is an optional mounting rack for the GMU 22, refer to the AHRS Magnetometer Installation Considerations (190-01051-00) document available from www.garmin.com. Refer to Appendix B for airframe specific GMU 22 mounting racks and related mounting hardware.
1.6.2 Antenna Brackets/Doubler Plates See Section 20 for detailed information.
1.6.3 Silicon Fusion Tape Garmin Part Number 249-00114-00 or similar, used to wrap the wiring/cable bundles.
1.7 Optional non-Garmin Equipment 1.7.1 Engine/Airframe Sensors See Section 21.1 for a list of compatible sensors, and Section 21.3 for a list of available sensor kits.
1.7.2 Mounting Hardware Some sensors may require a torque screwdriver, copper crush gasket, #10 screws, or #8 ring terminals for installation.
1.8 Optional 3rd Party Sensors/LRUs Refer to Section 26, Section 27, Section 28, and Section 29 for wiring/configuration guidance of supported third party equipment.
1.9 Garmin Software and Documents The below are available for free download from www.garmin.com.
· AHRS Magnetometer Installation Considerations · Aviation Checklist Editor (ACE) software · Flightlog Conversion Software · GDU 37X Cockpit Display Unit Software · GDU 4XX Cockpit Display Unit Software · GSU 73 Data Logger Software · GSU 73 Field Calibration Tool · Panel Cut-out DXF Files (GDU 37X/4XX, GMC 30X)

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INSTALLATION PREPARATION

This section provides electrical and mechanical information needed for planning the physical layout of the G3XTM avionics installation. This information is applicable to all items comprising the G3X installation. Each LRU/Sensor has unique installation requirements. These requirement are detailed in the Installation portion of Section 3 through Section 21 (and Appendix E and Appendix F for GDUTM 37X display, GSU 73 installations).
Use all of Section 2 to become familiar with all aspects of the installation before actually beginning the physical installation of any equipment into the aircraft. Some information from this section is repeated in following sections of this document.
Garmin recommends the installer become familiar with all sections of this document before beginning the installation. The sections of this document are (as much as possible) in the order that should be followed for most installations. In general terms, the below steps are recommended to be followed in order.
1. Inventory of all needed parts 2. Planning/layout of the installation 3. Installation of LRUs, antennas, and sensors 4. Construction of wiring harness, cables, and connectors 5. Software installation/configuration 6. Post- installation checkout procedure and calibration
2.1 System Overview
NOTE G3X refers to both the legacy GDUTM 37X system and GDU 4XX systems. For items only applicable to the GDU 4XX systems, the system name is referred to as G3X TouchTM avionics.
The G3X is an advanced technology avionics suite designed to integrate pilot/aircraft interaction into one central system. The system combines primary flight instrumentation, aircraft systems instrumentation, and navigational information, all displayed on one, two, three, four, five, or six displays. The G3X system is composed of several sub-units or Line Replaceable Units (LRUs). LRUs have a modular design and can be installed directly behind the instrument panel (or mounted to the panel in the case of a GDU display or GMC control panel) or in a separate avionics bay if desired. This design greatly eases troubleshooting and maintenance of the G3X system. A failure or problem can be isolated to a particular LRU, which can be replaced quickly and easily. Each LRU has a particular function, or set of functions, that contributes to the system’s operation. For additional information on LRU functions, see the applicable section of this manual.

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2.1.1 System Architecture and Interface Capabilities
The functionality of the G3X system is distributed between multiple interconnected devices, some of which are located in the instrument panel and some of which are remote-mounted elsewhere. An individual device in the G3X system is often referred to as a “Line Replaceable Unit”, or LRU. This term is used generically in aviation for devices that can be readily “swapped out” for troubleshooting or repair.
LRUs in the G3X system are interconnected with RS-232 interfaces and a shared CAN bus network (see Section 2.3.1.3). The G3X system can interface to a variety of other devices using RS-232 and ARINC 429 connections.

GDL 39/5XR Traffic/Weather Receiver (optional)

GI 275 (optional)

RS-232

RS-232
GAP 26 Pitot/AOA (Optional)

RS-232

Static Source

GMU 22 Magnetometer

RS-232/

GTP 59

RS-485 Temp Probe

GMC 305/307 A/P Controller
(Optional)

GMU 11 GMA 245/245R Magnetometer Audio Panel
(Optional)

G5 Standby Flight Display
(Optional)

RS-232

Static

GDU 4XX PFD1

Pitot AOA
RS-232 (Optional)

GSU 25 ADAHRS 1

GSU 25 GSU 25 GSA 28 GSA 28 ADAHRS 2 ADAHRS 3 Pitch Servo Yaw Servo (Optional) (Optional) (Optional) (Optional)

GSA 28 GSA 28 GSA 28

Roll Servo (Optional)

Pitch Trim Servo
(Optional)

Roll Trim Servo
(Optional)

RS-232

CAN BUS

GAD 27 Elec System
Controller (Optional)
GI 260 AOA Indicator
(Optional)
GTR 20/200 COM Radio (Optional)
GTR 20/200 COM Radio (Optional)

RS-232

GAD 29(B) Data
Concentrator (Optional)

Third-party Digital Autopilot
(Optional)

GTX

GDU 4XX GDU 4XX GDU 4XX GDU 4XX GDU 4XX

Transponder PFD2

PFD3

MFD3 MFD2 MFD1

(Optional) (Optional) (Optional) (Optional) (Optional) (Optional)

GPS 20A Position Source (Optional)

GMC 507 A/P Controller
(Optional)

GHA 15 RAGL (Optional)

A429 (NAV)
A429 (GPS)
A429 (Air Data)

RS-232 (ADS-B)
RS-232 (GPS/COM) RS-232 (Connext)

No. 1 GPS/Com (Optional*)

RS-232

GEA 24

GEA 24

Engine Analyzer Engine Analyzer

(Optional)

(Optional)

Engine #1/ Airframe Sensors

Engine #2 Sensors

A429 (NAV)
A429 (GPS)
Analog Output From GAD 29B Only

A429 (Autopilot)

Third-party Analog Autopilot
(Optional)

No. 2 GPS/Com (Optional*)

RS-232

GARMIN COM OR NAV/COM (Optional)
Notes:
Maximum of two (2) COM/NAV units installed.

Figure 2-1 G3X Interconnect Example (GDU 4XX)

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2.1.1.1 Displays
The foundation of a G3X system is one or more GDU display units. A GDU display is configured with wiring connections as either a primary flight display (PFD) or multi-function display (MFD), with options for arranging display layouts and combining different types of data on a single display. In the event that power is removed from a GDU display, important flight data can still be accessed on the remaining display(s).
A legacy (non-Touch) G3X system can have between one and three GDU 37X displays. Figure E-2 shows some of the various interface options for a GDU 37X-based system. For GDU 37X installation information, refer to Appendix E.
A G3X Touch system can have between one and six GDU 4XX displays, with any combination of 10.6″ (GDU 46X) and 7″ (GDU 45X or GDU 470) display sizes. Figure 2-1 shows some of the various interface options for a GDU 4XX-based system. For GDU 4XX installation information, refer to Section 6.
NOTE GDU 37X and GDU 4XX displays may not be combined in the same system.
A G3X system can have up to two G5 standby flight displays. For G5 installation information, refer to the G5 installation manual (190-02072-01).
GDU displays communicate with other LRUs using the CAN bus (with optional RS-232 backup paths supported for some LRUs) and with other devices using RS-232.
A G3X Touch system installed with no ADAHRS units can display MFD data, including engine information, on up to six GDU 4XX displays. This system configuration can also support Garmin autopilot functionality when paired with one or more G5 flight displays.
A single GDU display, installed without any other G3X system components, may be configured as a standalone MFD. A standalone GDU 37X MFD does not support flight or engine instruments, or advanced interface capabilities, and is intended for applications where only basic mapping and navigation features are required.

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2.1.1.2 ADAHRS
The GSU 25 is the ADAHRS (air data, attitude, and heading reference system) unit for the G3X system. An ADAHRS senses the aircraft’s attitude, measures all air data parameters, and calculates aircraft heading.
Up to three ADAHRS units are supported. In a system with multiple GDU displays and multiple ADAHRS units, each display can present data from a separate ADAHRS, and any GDU display may also be switched to display data from any ADAHRS. Data from multiple ADAHRS units is also automatically crosscompared, and disagreements are noted on the PFD display.
Each GSU 25 ADAHRS is connected to pneumatic pressure inputs for pitot, static, and angle of attack (AOA). Connection of the AOA input is only required for GSU 25 #1, and is optional for GSU 25 #2 and #3. For aircraft capable of indicated airspeeds greater than 300 knots, the GSU 25D is used.
The GSU 25 communicates with other LRUs using the CAN bus, and can optionally be connected to the PFD1 GDU using RS-232 for redundancy. For GSU 25 installation information, refer to Section 17 and Section 24.
The older GSU 73 ADAHRS is also supported. The GSU 73 does not provide AOA data, but a system that includes a GSU 73 may also include additional GSU 25 units. For GSU 73 installation information, refer to Appendix F and Appendix G.
In a system installed with one or more dedicated ADAHRS units and one or more G5 standby flight displays, attitude and air data from the G5 will also be displayed on the GDU displays, in the event that valid data is not available from any dedicated ADAHRS unit.
In a G3X Touch system installed with no dedicated ADAHRS units, attitude and air data from the G5 will be used throughout the system, including for autopilot functionality, but will not be visible on the GDU 4XX displays.

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2.1.1.3 Magnetometer
The G3X system requires a minimum of one magnetometer (magnetic field sensor) to provide the ADAHRS unit(s) and/or G5 standby display(s) with magnetic field information. In an installation with multiple ADAHRS units, magnetometer data is shared by the CAN bus. When multiple ADAHRS units are installed, additional magnetometers may be installed for redundancy, although this is not commonly done. In a G3X Touch system with a G5 but no ADAHRS units, only a single magnetometer is supported.
Several different magnetometers are supported:
The GMU 11 magnetometer connects to the G3X system using the CAN bus. Refer to Section 13 for GMU 11 installation information. The GSU 73 does not support the GMU 11.
The GMU 22 magnetometer connects to the ADAHRS LRU using RS-232 and RS-485 interfaces. Refer to Section 14 for GMU 22 installation information. The GMU 44 is also supported and is functionally identical to the GMU 22.
Refer to Appendix B for magnetometer placement information.
2.1.1.4 Outside Air Temperature
The outside air temperature (OAT) probe used in the G3X system is the GTP 59. A minimum of one OAT probe is required, and is connected to the #1 ADAHRS. In an installation with multiple ADAHRS units, air temperature data is shared by the CAN bus. Additional OAT probes may be connected to the other ADAHRS LRUs for redundancy, although this is not commonly done. Refer to Section 18 for GTP 59 installation information.
In a G3X Touch system with one or more G5 displays but no ADAHRS units, a GTP 59 can optionally be connected by the GAD 13 temperature probe adapter. If the system is later expanded with the addition of one or more ADAHRS units, the GAD 13 may be retained, or the GAD 13 may be removed and the GTP 59 connected to the #1 GSU 25 ADAHRS unit. Refer to the G5 installation manual (190-02072-01) for GAD 13 information.
2.1.1.5 Pitot/Static
The ADAHRS units (and optional G5 displays) in the G3X system must be connected to the aircraft’s pitot/static system. The airframe manufacturer’s guidance should be followed to find the proper location of the pitot tube and static port.
The GAP 26 pitot/AOA probe is a combination pitot tube and angle of attack (AOA) probe. It is available in several configurations, including heated and unheated versions. Refer to Section 5 for GAP 26 installation information.
G3X ADAHRS units and G5 displays may also be used with any other pitot tube, if AOA is not required. Refer to Section 32 for information on conducting periodic tests of the static system.
2.1.1.6 Angle of Attack
The G3X system is capable of sensing and displaying the aircraft’s current angle of attack (AOA) when installed with a GSU 25 ADAHRS and a GAP 26 pitot/AOA probe. The GDU displays present on-screen AOA information, and also generate AOA audio alerts.
The optional GI 260 AOA indicator can also be added to provide a separate heads-up indication of AOA.
Refer to Section 9 for GI 260 installation information. The angle of attack sensor can be calibrated to compensate for flap position, which requires either a flap position sensor or a dedicated discrete input.

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2.1.1.7 Engine Information
The G3X system includes highly flexible capabilities for monitoring numerous engine sensors and parameters, and can support most piston and turbine engines, including twin-engine installations. Airframe sensors such as voltage, fuel quantity, and discrete (switch/contact) inputs are also supported. Refer to Section 21 for engine application and sensor installation information, and Section 26, Section 27, Section 28, and Section 29 for engine/airframe sensor wiring information.
The engine information system (EIS) unit for the G3X system is the GEATM 24 engine interface module. The GEA 24 provides the ability to monitor numerous analog, digital, and discrete signals from a variety of engine and airframe sensors. Multiple GEA 24 units may be installed in order to monitor large piston engines, or for twin-engine applications. The GEA 24 also supports a digital interface to a number of FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Control) engines. The GEA 24 communicates with other LRUs using the CAN bus, and can optionally be connected to the MFD GDU by RS-232 for redundancy. For GEA 24 installation information, refer to Section 7. For information on EIS sensor configuration and calibration, refer to Appendix H or Section 30. If replacing a GEA 24 with a GEA 24B, please review the guidance in Section 32.2.5.
The GSU 73 also supports EIS inputs. Alternatively, a system that includes a GSU 73 may instead use a GEA 24 for EIS, if the GEA 24 is wired as EIS LRU #2.
The GEA 24 and GSU 73 can drive external annunciator lamps for Master Caution and Master Warning, to provide additional notification of abnormal engine indications. Refer to Section 23 for information on connecting annunciator lamps to GEA 24 or GSU 73 discrete output pins.
2.1.1.8 GPS
Each GDU display includes an internal VFR GPS receiver, and a connection for an external antenna. GPS position data is shared between GDU displays using the CAN bus. For a list of GPS antennas supported by the GDU display, refer to Appendix E, or Section 6.
The GPS 20A is a TSO-compliant WAAS GPS position source that is compatible with the G3X system. The GPS 20A provides GPS data to the G3X system using the CAN bus, and can send ADS-B position data to a transponder using RS-232. For GPS 20A installation information and a list of supported GPS antennas, refer to Section 15.
GPS data is used for ADAHRS performance monitoring, so at least one source of GPS data is required. This requirement can be met by installing a GPS 20A, or by connecting a GPS antenna to at least one GDU GPS receiver. A GTX Series Transponder with built-in GPS, or a GNX 375 connected to the system will also satisfy this requirement. In a system with multiple GDU displays, additional GPS antennas may be connected to the other displays for redundancy, if desired.
The G3X system is capable of displaying basic position data from an external IFR GPS navigator, but this data is not used for ADAHRS monitoring and thus does not satisfy the above requirement.
For general GPS antenna installation information, refer to Section 20.
2.1.1.9 ARINC 429
ARINC 429 is an industry-standard data bus format that is primarily used with IFR GPS or GPS/NAV receivers (see below). The GAD 29 is the primary ARINC 429 data adapter for the G3X system; the GSU 73 also supports ARINC 429 input/output. ARINC 429 data is relayed to and from the rest of the G3X system using the CAN bus. For GAD 29 installation information, refer to Section 4.

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2.1.1.10 Navigation
Basic VFR GPS navigation with the G3X system is performed by the GDU displays, using their internal navigation databases in conjunction with GPS data from GDU GPS receivers or the GPS 20A. Flight plan entry and modification is also performed using the GDU displays. For VFR operations, no other source of navigation data is required.
The G3X system also supports up to two external navigation sources. Supported external navigation sources include IFR GPS, VHF NAV, and GPS/NAV receivers.
Lateral and vertical deviation (CDI/VDI) and status data from external navigators is displayed on the GDU displays, as well as external GPS navigator flight plan information. On-screen controls allow switching the current source of navigation data between multiple external sources, as well as to the G3X system’s internal flight plan for VFR navigation.
The Garmin GNC® 355 radio, GNSTM 4XX/5XX receiver, GNXTM 375 IFR navigator, GPS 175, and GTNTM 6XX/7XX moving map navigators are supported by the G3X system, including WAAS approach capability. This integration requires the use of a GAD 29 ARINC 429 interface module. GPS navigation data is provided to the G3X system through one RS-232 input and one ARINC 429 input for each GNC 355, GNS 4XX/5XX, GNX 375, GPS 175, and GTN 6XX/7XX IFR GPS navigator unit. The G3X system sends flight data and selected course information back to the external GPS navigator through an ARINC 429 output.
The G3X system uses an additional ARINC 429 input to receive VOR, localizer, and glideslope deviation information from a Garmin GTN 650/750 or GNS 430/480/530 IFR GPS/NAV receiver.
VOR, localizer, and glideslope information from a Garmin GNC 255, GNC 215, or SL30 VHF NAV receiver is also supported. These radios connect to the G3X system using an RS-232 connection to a GDU display.
When two external navigation sources are connected to the G3X system, the determination of which source is #1 and which is #2 is determined by the ordering of the RS-232 connections to the GDU displays. The #1 navigation source should be connected to a lower-numbered RS-232 port on the PFD1 GDU, and the #2 navigation source should be connected either to a higher-numbered RS-232 port on the PFD1 GDU, or to any RS-232 port on the MFD1 GDU. For additional information, refer to Section 2.5.1.
The G3X Touch system can send basic flight plan data to a GNC 355, GNS 4XX/5XX, GNX 375, GPS 175, or GTN 6XX/7XX IFR GPS navigator, allowing VFR flight plans to be created on the G3X system and uploaded to the IFR navigator. The GDU 4XX display in a G3X Touch system can also act as a relay between the GNC 355, GNS 4XX/5XX, GNX 375, GPS 175, and GTN 6XX/7XX IFR GPS navigator and a tablet computer using Bluetooth (see Section 2.1.1.23). Flight plan transfer capability requires a second RS-232 connection between the PFD1 GDU and the #1 GNC 355, GNS 4XX/5XX, GNX 375, GPS 175, or GTN 6XX/7XX IFR GPS navigator, using the “Connext®” RS-232 format. The Connext® computer application and Bluetooth are not supported by the legacy G3X system and GDU 37X display.
If a G5 standby display instrument is installed, data from the external navigation source selected on the G3X PFD is also displayed on the G5. This requires an ARINC 429 connection between the navigator, GAD 29, and G5.
For detailed information on connecting external navigators to a G3X system, refer to Section 24.

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2.1.1.11 COM Radios
The G3X Touch system is capable of displaying and controlling up to two VHF COM radios. Supported COM radios include:

· GNC 215 · GNC 355 · GTR 20 · GTR 205 · SL30

· GNC 255 (software version 2.10 or later) · GTN 635/650/750 (software version 6.11 or later) · GTR 200/200B · GTR 225 (software version 2.10 or later) · SL40

Supported Garmin panel-mount COM radios can be controlled either using the GDU displays or through their own front-panel controls.
The GTR 20 is a remote-mounted COM radio that is entirely controlled by the G3X Touch display, with no front-panel interface. For GTR 20 installation information, refer to Section 19 and Section 25.
The interface between the G3X Touch system and the COM radio portion of a GTN, GNC 255, GNC 215, or SL30 uses the same RS-232 connection described above for navigation data. Interface to a GTR 205 or SL40 COM radio requires a dedicated RS-232 connection to a GDU display. The GTR 20 and GTR 200 connect to the G3X Touch system through the CAN bus.
For information on connecting and configuring COM radios with the G3X Touch system, refer to Section 24 and Section 30.
The legacy G3X system and GDU 37X displays do not support on-screen display or control of COM radios, and are not compatible with the GTR 20. However, GDU 37X displays do have the ability to send a COM frequency using RS-232 to the standby position of connected radio.
2.1.1.12 NAV Radios
NAV Tuning
The G3X Touch system is capable of displaying and controlling up to two VHF NAV radios. Supported NAV radios include:
· GNC 215 · GNC 255 (software version 2.20 or later) · GTN 650/750 (software version 6.70 or later) · SL30
Supported Garmin panel-mount NAV radios can be controlled either by the GDU displays or through their own front-panel controls.
The interface between the G3X Touch system and the NAV radio portion of a GTN, GNC 255, or SL30 uses the same RS-232 connection described above for navigation data.
For information on connecting and configuring NAV radios with the G3X Touch system, refer to Section 30.4.28.
The legacy G3X system and GDU 37X displays do not support on-screen display or control of NAV radios. However, GDU 37X displays do have the ability to send a NAV frequency by RS-232 to the standby position of a connected radio.

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2.1.1.13 ADS-B
When equipped with a Mode S transponder with extended squitter capability, and a GPS position source that meets TSO performance requirements, the G3X system provides full ADS-B Out capability. Refer to Section 2.1.1.14 for additional information.
The G3X system also supports full ADS-B In capabilities, including FIS-B weather and dual-frequency traffic data reception. In a legacy G3X system with GDU 37X displays, ADS-B In is provided by the GDL® 39R data transceiver. A G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays supports ADS-B In using the GTXTM 45R/345/345R transponder, the GDL 39R, or the GDL 52R.
For additional information on interfacing a transponder to the G3X Touch system, see Section 2.1.1.14. For information on interfacing a GDL 39R or GDL 52R ADS-B receiver, see the appropriate installation guide (190-11110-00 or 190-02087-10).
2.1.1.14 Transponder
The G3X system can interface to any Garmin transponder with a digital interface (all models except the GTX 320). The transponder code, operating mode, and flight ID can all be displayed and controlled using the GDU displays.
A panel-mount transponder such as the GNX 375, GTX 327, 328, 330, 335 and 345 can be controlled either from the GDU displays or by the transponder’s front- panel interface. Remote-mount transponders such as the GTX 23ES, 32, 33, 35R/45R and GTX 335R/345R lack front-panel controls, and are controlled only using the GDU displays. The diversity GTX 345D, GTX 335D, GTX 335RD, and GTX 345RD are all supported.
The transponder connects using RS-232 to the #1 ADAHRS unit, which relays transponder data to the rest of the G3X system through the CAN bus. The ADAHRS provides pressure altitude data to the transponder, so a separate altitude encoder is not required. A second connection from the transponder to the #2 ADAHRS can be made to provide a backup datapath for this information.
In a G3X system with a transponder and a GTN, the transponder is typically controlled by the G3X system, not the GTN. Note the GTX 23ES and GTX 35R/45R can only be controlled by the G3X system, not by the GTN.
The GTX 23ES, 33ES, 35R, 45R, 330ES, 335/335R/335D/335RD, and GTX 345/345R/345D/345RD are Mode S transponders with extended squitter capability. When provided with a GPS position source that meets the TSO performance requirements specified in 14 CFR 91.227, these transponders are an acceptable method of complying with the requirements for ADS-B Out. Compliant GPS position sources include the GPS 20A, GTN, GNS WAAS units, or the internal WAAS GPS contained in certain models of the GTX 335/345. The GDU GPS receiver does not meet the TSO GPS requirements, thus it is not sufficient to provide position data to a transponder for ADS-B Out compliance.
Certain transponders support ADS-B or TIS-A traffic data, and/or FIS-B weather data. See below for information on traffic (Section 2.1.1.17) and weather (Section 2.1.1.16) interface capabilities.
For information on connecting and configuring a transponder with the G3X system, refer to Section 24 and Appendix H or Section 30. Refer to Section 32 for information on performing periodic tests of the transponder.
For information on installing remote transponders, refer to 190-00906-01 for the GTX 23ES, or 190-01499-10 for the GTX 35R/45R. For all other transponders, refer to the appropriate installation manual.

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2.1.1.15 Autopilot
The GFC 500X is an advanced digital flight director and autopilot, based around the GSA 28 smart autopilot servo. Servo installation kits are available for numerous popular aircraft, and universal installation brackets are available for other aircraft. Up to five GSA 28 servos are supported (pitch, roll, yaw damper, pitch trim, and roll trim). GSA 28 servos can optionally control aircraft electric trim motors; this keeps the aircraft in trim when the autopilot is engaged, and also provides trim motor speed control and stuck-switch protection when hand-flying. The GSA 28 can also be used as the trim actuator in the pitch and roll axes. The GSA 28 servos also support enhanced stability and protection features (ESPTM corrective technology) which increase safety when hand-flying. For GSA 28 installation information, refer to Section 16 and Section 24. For GFC 500X autopilot and ESP setup and adjustment information, refer to Appendix H or Section 30. Refer to the G3X Pilot’s Guide or G3X Touch Pilot’s Guide for information on GFC 500X autopilot and flight director operation.
The GMC mode control panels are a family of optional accessories that provide a convenient set of dedicated controls for the GFC 500X autopilot and flight director. A GFC 500X autopilot installation with a GMC mode control panel also has increased redundancy, allowing control of basic autopilot modes using the GMC even when power is removed from all GDU displays.
The GMC 307 supports all the features of the GMC 305, and adds dedicated control knobs for heading and altitude. Autopilot operation in a reversionary condition without operational GDU displays is provided by an RS-232 connection from the GMC 305/307 to the GSA 28 roll servo. For GMC 305/307 installation information, refer to sections Section 10 and Section 11.
The GMC 507 is physically similar to the GMC 307, but it connects to the G3X system through the shared CAN bus. Up to two GMC 507 Mode Control panels can be installed. The GMC 507 adds an additional flight director mode button. For GMC 507 installation information, refer to section Section 12.
In a G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays and one or more ADAHRS units, all autopilot and flight director functions can be controlled either from the GDU display or the optional GMC control panel. Refer to the G3X Touch Pilot’s Guide (190-01754-00) for more information.
In a G3X Touch system with no ADAHRS units, one or more G5 displays and a GMC control panel are required for autopilot and flight director operation using the G5. Refer to the G5 Pilot’s Guide (190-02072-00) for more information.
In a legacy G3X system with GDU 37X displays, a GMC control panel is required to enable certain advanced flight director modes; refer to the G3X Pilot’s Guide (190-01115-00) for more information.
Certain third-party autopilots that are designed to be integrated with the G3X system may also be used in conjunction with the G3X flight director and GMC control panel. Consult the third-party autopilot manufacturer for further information.
Third-party digital autopilots that are not integrated with the G3X system are typically connected either through a GDU display RS-232 output that provides NMEA 0183 format data, or through various connections to a GTN/GNS navigator. Consult the autopilot manufacturer for further information.
The GAD 29B can provide analog heading and course error outputs to non-Garmin analog autopilots.

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2.1.1.16 Weather Data
The G3X system supports a variety of airborne weather data sources:
FIS-B weather data can be provided to GDU displays from a GDL 39R remote- mounted ADS-B receiver. The GDL 39R can be connected to a single GDU display using RS-232. In a G3X Touch system, the GDL 39R may also be connected to additional GDU 4XX displays wirelessly using Bluetooth.
A G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays can receive FIS-B weather data from GTX 45R, and GTX 345/345R transponders through an RS-232 connection from the GTX to each GDU display. These transponders can also simultaneously provide FIS-B weather data to a GTN or GNS WAAS navigator. The legacy G3X system with GDU 37X displays does not support FIS-B weather data from GTX transponders.
The GDU 3X5 and GDU 4X5 displays contain a built-in XM satellite weather receiver. These displays require a separate antenna connection and active XM subscription in order to receive satellite weather data. For XM antenna installation information, refer to Section 20.
A G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays is also compatible with the GDL 51R SXM receiver and the GDL 52R dual ADS-B/SXM receiver. The GDL 51R/52R connect to each GDU 4XX display using an RS-232 connection, or wirelessly through Bluetooth.
A WX-500 or similar lightning detector can be used with the G3X Touch system using an RS-232 connection to a GDU 4XX display. The G3X system displays lightning strike or cell data and provides heading data output to the lightning detector.
For any of the above data sources, weather data is displayed only on the GDU displays that are connected to the weather source (either by an RS-232 connection, wirelessly through Bluetooth, or from an internal XM receiver). Weather data is not shared between GDU displays through the CAN bus.
On a GDU display that has access to multiple sources of weather data simultaneously, the pilot may switch between available weather sources at any time.
When connected to a FIS-B weather receiver, the GDU 4XX can receive METARs, TAFs, Winds aloft, NEXRAD, TFRs, AIRMETs, SIGMETs, PIREPs, NOTAMs, Cloud Tops Forecast, Icing Forecast, Lightning, and Turbulence Forecast over either an RS-232 or Bluetooth connection.

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2.1.1.17 Traffic
The G3X system supports a variety of airborne traffic data sources:
ADS-B traffic data can be provided by a GDL 39R receiver using the same connection method used for FIS-B weather data.
A G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays can receive traffic data from a GDL 52R dual ADS-B/ SXM receiver through the same connection method used for FIS-B weather data.
A G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays can receive ADS-B traffic data from GTX 45R and GTX 345/345R transponders using the same RS-232 connection used for FIS-B weather data. These transponders can also simultaneously provide ADS-B traffic data to a GTN or GNS WAAS navigator. The legacy G3X system with GDU 37X displays does not support ADS-B traffic data from GTX transponders.
The GTSTM 8XX traffic system is compatible with the G3X system. The GTS interface to the G3X system requires an RS-232 connection to a GDU display. TCAS-capable GTS 8XX units also require a separate data connection to the GTX transponder.
TIS-A traffic data can be provided by GTX 23ES, 33, 330, and GTX 335/335R transponders. Traffic data is provided to the G3X system using the CAN bus from the #1 ADAHRS unit, to which the transponder is connected.
Traffic data from various third-party devices that emulate the Garmin TIS-A format is supported using an RS-232 connection from the traffic device to a GDU display.
For any of the above data sources, traffic data is shared between GDU displays using the CAN bus. If multiple sources of traffic data are available, the best source is selected automatically. Refer to the Pilot’s Guide for further information on traffic data source selection.
In an installation that includes a GTN/GNS navigator and transponder with ADS-B or TIS-A traffic capability, traffic data is provided to the GTN/GNS through an ARINC 429 or HSDB (High Speed Data Bus) connection. For further information, refer to Section 24 and the transponder installation manual.
2.1.1.18 Electrical System
The G3X system supports a variety of connections to the aircraft’s electrical system:
Most important LRUs support dual power inputs, allowing them to be powered from separate dual electrical busses. Alternatively, one of the power inputs may be connected to a backup battery to provide adequate electrical power supply in the event of alternator failure, or during engine start. Backup batteries designed for the G3X system are available from third-party suppliers, or a backup battery can be integrated into the aircraft’s electrical system design in order to power additional devices.
In a G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays, the GAD 27 electrical control system provides lowvoltage protection during engine start, as well as control of the flaps, trim, external lighting, and cockpit lights. The GAD 27 is not compatible with legacy G3X systems that use GDU 37X displays. For further GAD 27 installation information, refer to Section 3 and Section 24.
If the aircraft is equipped with a cockpit light dimming system, the GDU displays and various other Garmin panel-mount avionics support connection to the dimming bus to control display brightness.
The G3X system is compatible with Vertical Power products through an RS-232 connection to a GDU display. For further information on interfacing Vertical Power products to the G3X system, consult the manufacturer.

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2.1.1.19 Audio
The G3X system interacts with the aircraft’s audio system in the following ways:
· Audio alerts are generated by the GDU displays for various events, including audio notification of abnormal conditions. Typically, alert audio from the PFD1 GDU is wired to the aircraft’s audio panel or intercom.
· Stereo audio for XM music is provided by the GDU 3X5 and GDU 4X5 displays, and can be connected to any stereo audio panel or intercom.
· A G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays may be connected using the CAN bus to the GMATM 245/245R audio panel, allowing full control of audio panel functionality from the GDU display. The GMA 245 is a panel-mounted digital audio panel with intercom and Bluetooth input; the GMA 245R has the same capabilities but is remote-mounted with no front-panel controls. For further information, refer to Section 30.4.25, the GMA 245/245R Pilot’s Guide (190-01879-10), and Installation Manual (190-01879-11).
· The GTR 20 and GTR 200 COM radios contain a built-in two-place intercom with alert audio and stereo music inputs. For simple two-place VFR aircraft, the GTR 20 or GTR 200 can provide all audio functionality, with no separate audio panel required. For installations with more complex audio switching requirements, including multiple COM radios, NAV radios, or 4+ seat aircraft, a separate audio panel is recommended.
2.1.1.20 Video
In a G3X Touch system with GDU 4XX displays, each display has a rear connector which supports composite (NTSC/PAL/SECAM) video. Video input to a GDU 4XX display can be used with various cameras or entertainment systems, with the video image displayed on a dedicated MFD page, or in an inset window on the GDU 46X PFD. Wireless remote control of Garmin VIRB® action cameras is also supported, allowing recording to be started or stopped from the GDU 4XX display.
2.1.1.21 Carbon Monoxide Detector
A CO Guardian or other compatible carbon monoxide detector can be connected to a GDU display using RS-232, and its data relayed to other displays through the CAN bus. Alerts will appear on the PFD display for excessive carbon monoxide levels, and the current CO level can be displayed in a data field. Cabin Altitude as determined by a CO Guardian can be displayed in a data field. CO detectors with pulse oximeter functions are also supported. For installation information, consult the CO detector manufacturer.
2.1.1.22 Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)
The G3X system can provide NMEA 0183 formatted GPS position data to an ELT through an RS-232 output from a GDU display. In an installation with a GTN/GNS navigator, an RS-232 output from the IFR GPS using the “Aviation” data format may be preferred. For further ELT interface guidance, consult the ELT manufacturer.

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2.1.1.23 Bluetooth
The GDU 4XX displays in a G3X Touch system include Bluetooth transceivers. This allows a wireless connection to a tablet computer, using Garmin PilotTM app or another application that supports the Garmin Connext protocol. The tablet computer can receive GPS position and attitude data from the G3X Touch system, and can exchange flight plan information with the GDU 4XX or with a connected GTN navigator. In an installation with multiple GDU 4XX displays, the Bluetooth connection to the tablet computer should be made to the PFD1 GDU only. Refer to the G3X Touch Pilot’s Guide (190-01754-00) for Bluetooth connection information.
A tablet computer can also establish a separate Bluetooth connection to a GDL 39R/51R/52R ADS-B receiver, or to a GTX 45R/345/345R transponder. This allows the display of ADS-B traffic and weather data on the tablet computer, using Garmin Pilot or another application that supports the Garmin Connext protocol.
In a G3X Touch system with a GDL 39R ADS-B receiver, the primary connection between the GDL and a single GDU 4XX display is through RS-232. However, Bluetooth may also be used to connect additional GDU 4XX displays to the GDL 39R, in order to view FIS-B weather data on multiple displays.
2.1.1.24 Standby Instruments
Although there is no regulatory requirement to equip the aircraft with backup flight instruments, Garmin strongly recommends the installation of backup instruments for aircraft that will be flown in other than Day VFR conditions. In case of an electrical system failure, or in the unlikely event of an issue with the G3X system, backup instruments should at minimum provide a secondary reference for aircraft attitude, airspeed, and altitude.
The G5 standby flight display is designed as a complementary backup instrument for the G3X system. It features dissimilar hardware and software design to eliminate common-mode failures, supports an optional built-in backup battery, and synchronizes data such as baro setting and selected heading with the G3X system. In conjunction with a GMC mode control panel, the G5 is also capable of driving the GSA 28 autopilot servos even if power is removed from all GDU displays. A G3X Touch system with no ADAHRS units can also operate the GSA 28 autopilot servos if a G5 and a GMC mode control panel are present. For further information, refer to the G5 installation/operation manual (190-02072-00).
The GI 275 is also capable of being installed as a standby flight display with GDU 4XX systems. The altitude bug, heading track bug, and barometric setting are synced between the two displays. The G3X Touch syncs course, minimum’s bug, CDI selection, and VFR GPS guidance to the GI 275, in addition to sending OAT and magnetic heading to the GI 275. A connection can optionally be made from the GSU 25 serial port to the GI 275, to facilitate comparison between the two ADAHRS sources to notify the pilot of a disagreement in attitude, altitude or airspeed. Unlike the G5, the GI 275 cannot act as a backup flight director when installed alongside a G3X Touch system in the case of a primary display failure.

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2.1.1.25 Smart GlideTM Engine-Out Navigation
Smart Glide is designed to assist the pilot by enhancing situational awareness and providing helpful automation during an emergency inoperative engine event. The G3X Touch is capable of providing this assistance internally, without the need for an external navigator. Upon activation, Smart Glide assists the pilot with three critical components of a safe recovery from an engine failure:
· If equipped with a compatible autopilot, provides flight director guidance to pitch for and hold best glide airspeed
· Identifies and provides navigation guidance, as well as optional flight director guidance to a suitable landing location (if one is available)
· Provides quick access to relevant communication channels and emergency checklists
When GSA 28 Smart Autopilot servos or other compatible autopilot is installed, the autopilot automatically couples to the flight director guidance provided by Smart Glide, if sufficient altitude is available. An optional discrete input can be programmed to provide a dedicated external panel mounted switch for Glide Activation (Garmin p/n 011-05930-00).
2.1.1.26 Radar Altimeter and Radio AGL
Knowing precise height above the ground can be helpful to pilots during landings and flying in areas where limited barometric altimeter setting information is available.
The Garmin GHA 15 uses radar technology to provide height above ground level (RAGL) information for the G3X Touch. GHA 15 AGL data is available up to 500 feet AGL.
Alternatively, the G3X Touch system can receive Radar Altimeter AGL data from a connected radar altimeter unit via ARINC 429.
Audible alerts based on radio AGL or radar altitude can be configured beginning at 300 feet AGL, and at select intervals down to 1 foot AGL

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2.2 Electrical Considerations This section presents information required for planning the electrical layout of the G3X installation.

CAUTION To avoid damage to the LRUs, take precautions to prevent Electro- Static Discharge (ESD) when handling connectors and associated wiring. ESD damage can be prevented by touching an object that is of the same electrical potential as the LRU before handling the LRU itself.
2.2.1 Power Specifications
All G3X LRUs are capable of operating at either 14 or 28 VDC (except the GAD 27 which is 14 VDC only, and the GAP 26, see Note in Section 5). Table 2-1 and Table 2-2 list supply voltage and current draw info for the G3X LRUs, use this information when determining power supply requirements. All installed electrical appliances must be considered when determining total power requirements.
2.2.1.1 GAP 26 Power Requirements
The 010-01074-00 version of the GAP 26 does not require power as it does not have a heater. The initial current vs temperature requirements for the 010-01074-10 and 010-01074-20 are listed in Table 2-1. See Section 5.5.2 for acceptable wiring configurations.

CAUTION Do not connect the heated/regulated version of the GAP 26 (010-01074-20) to 28 VDC. The heated/non-regulated version of the GAP 26 (010-01074-10) may be connected to either 14V or 28V. See Section 5 for wiring information.

Table 2-1 GAP 26 Initial Current Draw vs Probe Temperature (-10, -20 units only)

Probe Temperature Amps

-40°C (-40°F) 0°C (32°F)

12 Amp

9.25 Amp

50°C (122°F) 7.3 Amp

100°C (212°F) 175°C (347°F)

5.85 Amp

4.36 Amp

Table 2-1 refers to probe temperature at initial turn-on. For example, upon turn-on at -40°C, the standard (-10) or regulated (-20) heated probes will initially draw 12 amps, but will draw less current as they warm up.
The -10 non-regulated probe draws current proportional to the probe temperature as shown in Table 2-1.
The -20 heated regulated probe uses similar power to the -10 probe when airborne, but will limit the current to regulate the probe temperature to ~75°C (167°F) when the probe temperature reaches this value.

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2.2.1.2 Other LRU Power Requirements

Table 2-2 G3X LRU Power Requirements

LRU

Supply Voltage

Current Draw

GAD 27

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.2 Amp (varies with connected devices) Not supported, do not use in 28V installations

GAD 29

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.2 Amp 0.1 Amp

GDL 39/39R

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.25 Amp 0.125 Amp

GDL 51R

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.16 Amp 0.09 Amp

GDL 52R

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.29 Amp 0.15 Amp

GDU 37X**

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

1.10 Amp 0.540 Amp

GDU 45X**

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

1.25 Amp 0.7 Amp

GDU 46X**

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

2.0 Amp 1.0 Amp

GDU 470**

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

1.25 Amp 0.7 Amp

GEA 24

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.43 Amp max (typical external sensor loading) 0.21 Amp max (typical external sensor loading)

GHA 15

14 VDC 28 VDC

0.272 Amp typical, 0.350 Amps max 0.139 Amp typical, 0.175 Amps max

GI 260

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.4 Amp 0.2 Amp

GMC 305

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.050 A (50 mA) 0.028 A (28 mA)

GMC 307

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.120 A (120 mA) 0.067 A (67 mA)

*Garmin recommends using Mod 1 level GSU 73 in aircraft that use a +28 V supply voltage and intend to monitor current on high voltage devices such as the aircraft alternator.
**The specified current draw is measured with the display backlight set to 100%

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Table 2-2 G3X LRU Power Requirements

LRU

Supply Voltage

Current Draw

GMC 507

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.20 A (200 mA) 0.11 A (110 mA)

GMU 11

14/28 Vdc

0.1 A (100 mA)

GMU 22

12 Vdc (from GSU 25/GSU 73)

Included in GSU 25/GSU 73 Current Draw

GPS 20A

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.2 Amp 0.1 Amp

GSA 28

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.36 Amp (typical) 1.80 Amp (max) 2.80 Amp (max with 1 Amp trim motor at full load)
0.20 Amp (typical) 0.90 Amp (max) 1.40 Amp (max with 1 Amp trim motor at full load)

GSU 25

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.2 Amp (includes GMU 22 load) 0.11 Amp (includes GMU 22 load)

GSU 73*

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

1.75 Amp (max) 0.80 Amp (max)

GTR 20 GTR 200**

14 Vdc 28 Vdc

0.6 Amp, Typical when receiving 3.0 Amp, Typical when transmitting 7.50Amp, Maximum, 90% modulated into 3:1 VSWR and 11V power input voltage
0.30 Amp, Typical when receiving 1.40 Amp, Typical when transmitting 3.75 Amp, Maximum, 90% modulated into 3:1 VSWR and 22 V power input voltage

*Garmin recommends using Mod 1 level GSU 73 in aircraft that use a +28 V supply voltage and intend to monitor current on high voltage devices such as the aircraft alternator.
**The specified current draw is measured with the display backlight set to 100%

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2.3 Wiring/Cabling Considerations
Section 23 lists the pin information for all LRU connectors. Section 23 lists the connector (including configuration modules) installation information. Section 24 through Section 29 contain interconnect drawings for all required/optional LRUs and sensors. These sections, along with Section 3 through Section 21 contain all the information needed to construct the wiring harnesses/cables. It is recommended that LRUs/sensors be installed before constructing the wiring harnesses and cables.
Use MIL-W-22759/16 (or other approved wire) AWG #22 or larger wire for all connections unless otherwise specified. The supplied standard pin contacts are compatible with up to AWG #22 wire. In cases where some installations have more than one LRU sharing a common circuit breaker, sizing and wire gauge is based on aircraft circuit breaker layout, length of wiring, current draw on units, and internal unit protection characteristics. Do not attempt to combine more than one unit on the same circuit breaker.
Use MIL-C-27500 (or other approved cable) for all shielded cable connections unless otherwise specified.
HSDB (Ethernet) connections may use either aviation grade Category 5 Ethernet cable, or MIL-C-27500 shielded twisted-pair cable.
RG-400 or RG-142 coaxial cable with 50 nominal impedance and meeting applicable aviation regulations should be used for the installation.
2.3.1 Wiring Harness Installation
Use cable meeting the applicable aviation regulation for the interconnect wiring. Any cable meeting specifications is acceptable for the installation. When routing cables, follow these precautions:
· All cable routing should be kept as short and as direct as possible. · Check there is ample space for the cabling and mating connectors. · Avoid sharp bends in cabling. · Avoid routing near aircraft control cables. · Avoid routing cables near heat sources, RF sources, EMI interference sources, power sources (e.g.,
400 Hz generators, trim motors, etc.) or near power for fluorescent lighting. · Route the GPS antenna cable as far as possible away from all COM transceivers and antenna
cables. · Analog Input wires routed too close to spark plugs, plug wires, or magnetos may result in erratic
readings.
The installer shall supply and fabricate all of the cables. Required connectors, pins, etc. are provided with LRU Installation Kits. Electrical connections for the GMU 22 are made through a round 9-pin connector, and are made through D subminiature connectors for all other LRUs. Section 23 defines the electrical characteristics of all input and output signals. Required connectors and associated hardware are supplied with the connector kit.
Contacts for the connectors must be crimped onto the individual wires of the aircraft wiring harness. Table 1-8 lists contact part numbers (for reference) and recommended crimp tools.
CAUTION Check wiring connections for errors before connecting any wiring harnesses. Incorrect wiring could cause internal component damage.

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2.3.1.1 Backshell Assemblies Connector kits include backshell assemblies. The backshell assembly houses the configuration module and a thermocouple reference junction. Garmin’s backshell connectors give the installer the ability to quickly and easily terminate shield grounds at the backshell housing. The instructions needed to install the Jackscrew Backshell, Configuration Module, Shield Block Ground, and Thermocouple are located in Section 22. 2.3.1.2 Configuration Module The G3X system is designed to store configuration and calibration data in multiple locations to retain the configuration of the system during maintenance. A configuration module (Figure 2-2 and Figure 2-3) is installed in the connector backshell of the PFD1 display to store important configuration data. Only the PFD1 display uses a configuration module; in systems using a GSU 73, an additional configuration module is installed in the GSU 73 connector backshell. See Section 22 for installation instructions.
Figure 2-2 Original Green Configuration Module P/N 011-00979-20

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Figure 2-3 shows the Apple® iOS compatible configuration module that installs on the GDU 4XX (PFD 1) connector backshell. This configuration module is required for using Connext capability with Apple products. Contact Garmin Aviation Product Support if the GDU 4XX unit was sold with an original green configuration module. See Section 22 for installation instructions.
NOTE Please refer to the G3X Touch Pilot’s Guide (190-01754-00) for guidance in using Connext Bluetooth connections to Garmin Pilot device(s).
To test for the installation of the Apple iOS compatible configuration module, enter config mode, select the System Information page, highlight PFD1, press Menu, and run the Apple compatibility test.

Figure 2-3 Apple iOS Compatible Black Configuration Module P/N 010-12253-00
2.3.1.3 CAN Bus
The primary digital interface used to exchange data between LRUs in the G3X system is the Controller Area Network, also known as the CAN bus. CAN was developed by Bosch GmbH in the 1980s, and its specifications are currently governed by ISO 11898-2. CAN is widely used in aviation, automotive, and industrial applications due to its simplicity and reliability.
2.3.1.3.1 CAN Bus Architecture
The electrical architecture of the CAN bus takes the form of a linear “backbone” consisting of a single twisted wire pair with an LRU connected (terminated) at each end (Figure 2-4). The overall length of the CAN bus from end to end should be 20 meters (66 feet) or less. At each of the two extreme ends of the CAN bus, a 120 resistor is installed to “terminate” the bus. In the G3X system, termination resistors are provided either within the LRUs themselves, or using termination adapters that plug into an LRUs CAN connection (see Section 2.3.1.3.3).
CAN BUS BACKBONE: CONSISTS OF TWISTED, SHIELDED PAIR WIRING CONNECTED TO CAN HI AND CAN LO OF EACH LRU, AND PROPERLY TERMINATED LRUs ON BOTH ENDS OF BUS.

LRU

LRU

TERM TERM

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Multiple LRUs may be connected in a daisy-chain manner along the backbone of the CAN bus (Figure 2-5).
DAISY-CHAINED LRUs

LRU

TERM

LRU

LRU

LRU

TERM

LRU

TERMINATED BACKBONE LRUs
Figure 2-5 Daisy-chained LRUs on Backbone
Daisy-chained LRUs (LRUs not at the extreme ends of the CAN bus) connect to the CAN backbone through short “stub” or “node” connections (Figure 2-6). The length of each node connection should be kept as short as possible, and should not exceed 0.3 meters (1 foot). The best way to connect devices between the ends of the CAN bus while maintaining short stub node lengths is to splice the connections as close to the device as practical (Section 22.2.9). Unshielded wire sections should be kept as short as practical.
Multiple devices must not connect to the CAN bus backbone at the same point. Rather than splicing two or more stub node connections together, the CAN bus should instead be daisy chained from one device to the next (Figure 2-6).

LRU

TERM

LRU

Max. node length 0.3 meter (1 ft)

LRU

LRU Figure 2-6 Node Connections

TERM

LRU

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The layout of the CAN bus must be a single linear backbone with exactly two distinct end points (Figure 2-7). Other layouts such as “star” or “Y” arrangements must be avoided. Similarly, hub devices must not be used with the G3X CAN bus. (Figure 2-8)

TERM TERM

LRU

LRU

LRU

LRU

LRU

LINEAR CAN BACKBONE, DAISY-CHAINED CONNECTIONS WITH SHORT STUB NODE LENGTHS. MULTIPLE LRUs ARE NOT CONNECTED TO BACKBONE AT THE SAME LOCATION.
Figure 2-7 Correct CAN Wiring Example

LRU LRU

LRU

LRU LRU

LRU LRU

LRU LRU

HUB DEVICE

LRU LRU

AVOID “T” OR “Y” SHAPE

AVOID STAR SHAPE

DO NOT USE THIRD-PARTY HUB DEVICES

Figure 2-8 Incorrect CAN Wiring Examples

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2.3.1.3.2 CAN Bus Wiring
Wiring used for the CAN bus should be shielded twisted-pair cable, MIL-C-27500 or equivalent. 22 AWG or larger wire is recommended for physical robustness and ease of installation. While not required, it is recommended to use one of the following 2 options for CAN wire, especially if the CAN bus length is on the upper end of the maximum 66 foot bus length:
CAN Bus Wire, 120:
· GigaFlight Connectivity P/N GF120-24CANB-1:
GigaFlight Connectivity Inc. 6180 Industrial Ct. Greendale, WI 53129 United States Toll Free: +1 844-303-1093 Phone: +1 414-488-6320 Email: info@gigaflightinc.com
· Carlisle IT P/N CAN24TST120(CIT), (must be ordered from the following Carlisle IT facility):
Carlisle Interconnect Technologies 5300 W. Franklin Drive Franklin, WI 53132 United States Toll Free: +1 800-327-9473 Phone: +1 414-421-5300 Fax: +1 414-421-5301
The shields for each CAN bus wire segment should be interconnected, forming a continuously connected shield from one end of the CAN bus to the other (Figure 2-9 and Section 2.3.1.3.2). At minimum, the CAN bus shield should always be grounded to the device connector backshells at the two extreme ends of the bus, but it is acceptable to also ground the shield at any or all other devices on the CAN bus.

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The shields for each CAN bus wire segment should be interconnected, forming a continuously connected shield from one end of the CAN bus to the other (Figure 2-9 and Section 22-13). At minimum, the CAN bus shield should always be grounded to the device connector backshells at the two extreme ends of the bus, but it is acceptable to also ground the shield at any or all other devices on the CAN bus.

SHIELD GROUNDED AT EACH DAISY-CHAINED LRU, RECOMMENDED

DAISY-CHAINED LRU ON CAN BUS PXXX JXXX
CAN-H CAN-L
SHIELD GROUND

CAN BUS TERMINATION JXXX PXXX
CAN-H CAN-L
SHIELD GROUND

CAN BUS TERMINATION PXXX JXXX
CAN-H CAN-L
SHIELD GROUND

SHIELD GROUNDED AT CAN BUS TERMINATIONS, REQUIRED
ALL WIRING SHOWN IS TWISTED SHIELDED PAIR
Figure 2-9 CAN Bus Shield Grounding
For proper CAN bus operation, it is important for all devices on the CAN bus to share a common power ground reference. Connect all LRU power ground pins to a single common ground point – do not use local ground points or use the aircraft structure as a ground return path.

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2.3.1.3.3 CAN Bus Termination
At each of the two extreme ends of the CAN bus backbone, a 120 resistor is installed to terminate the bus. In the G3X system, separate resistors are not required. Instead, termination resistors are provided either within the LRUs themselves, or using termination adapters that plug into an LRU’s CAN connection.
· The GAD 29, GEA 24, GMU 11, GPS 20A, GSU 25, and G5 installation kits provide a 9-pin termination adapter that provides termination when attached to the device’s main connector. The termination adapter contains a 120 resistor that is connected between pins 1 and 2 (Figure 2-10).
· The GDU 37X, GDU 4XX, GAD 27, GHA 15, and GSU 73 contain a 120 resistor inside the unit that provides termination when the CAN LO pin is connected externally to the CAN TERM pin (Figure 2-11).
· The GMC 507, GSA 28, and GTR 20/200 contain a 120 resistor inside the unit that provides termination when the two CAN TERM pins are connected together (Figure 2-12 and Figure 2-13).
· The GI 260 and GMA 245 do not have provisions for CAN termination. The GI 260 cannot be installed at the end of the CAN bus. The total amount of extra wire length the GI 260 adds to the CAN HI and CAN LO wires should not exceed 0.4 meters (15 inches). The GMA 245 can use the 9 pin termination adapter (011-02887-00) for a termination solution, by installing the unit in-line rather than directly to the LRU connector. See GMA 245 Installation Manual for further information.

GARMIN CAN TERMINATOR

Figure 2-10 CAN Bus Termination (011-02887-00) for GAD 29, GEA 24, GMA 245, GMU 11, GPS 20A, GSU 25, and G5

GAD 27 & GDU 37X/45X/46X/47X

P271
1 2 3

P3701/ P4X01

Figure 2-11 CAN Bus Termination for GAD 27, GDU 37X/4XX, GHA 15, and GSU 73

GSA 28 PITCH SERVO
CAN_TERM_1 3 CAN_TERM_2 4

NOTE: JUMPER (BETWEEN PINS 3 & 4) REQUIRED WHEN GSA 28 IS LOCATED AT END OF CAN BUS

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Figure 2-12 CAN Bus Termination for GSA 28
G3XTM/G3X TouchTM Avionics Installation Manual Page 2-26

GTR 20/200
CAN BUS HI CAN BUS LO
CAN_TERM_A CAN_TERM_B

P2001
7 6
25 26

NOTE: JUMPER (BETWEEN PINS 25 & 26) REQUIRED WHEN GTR 20/200 IS LOCATED AT END OF CAN BUS

Figure 2-13 CAN Bus Termination for GTR 20/200
Both ends of the CAN bus should be terminated (Figure 2-14), but devices that are not at the ends of the CAN bus should not be terminated (Figure 2-15).

LRU

TERM

LRU

LRU

LRU

TERM

LRU

CORRECT – CAN BUS TERMINATED AT EACH END OF BACKBONE Figure 2-14 Correct CAN Bus Termination Example

LRU

LRU TERM

LRU

LRU

TERM

LRU

INCORRECT – ONE OF THE TERMINATIONS IS NOT AT END OF BACKBONE

LRU

TERM

LRU

LRU

LRU

LRU

INCORRECT – ONLY ONE END OF BACKBONE IS TERMINATED Figure 2-15 Incorrect CAN Bus Termination Examples

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2.3.1.3.4 CAN Bus LRU Removal Guidelines
The following should be considered when removing an LRU from the ends of G3X CAN network:
· GEA 24, GSU 25, GAD 29, GPS 20A, G5, or other devices that uses the 9-pin CAN termination adapter: The CAN bus will remain terminated as long as the CAN termination adapter is left connected.
· GDU 37X, GDU 4XX, GAD 27, GMC 507, or GSU 73: The CAN bus will be unusable until the LRU is reconnected, or the bus is properly terminated at both ends of the CAN backbone.
· GSA 28: A removal adapter (part number 011-03158-00) is provided with each GSA 28 connector kit. This adapter can be used when a GSA 28 is removed from the aircraft. The removal adapter keeps the node on the CAN bus in the same state as when the servo was installed (either terminated or un-terminated). The removal adapter also allows trim signals to pass through when no servo is installed.
2.3.1.3.5 CAN Bus Installation Guidelines
For maximum reliability of the CAN bus, the following guidelines should be followed:
· The CAN bus backbone must be a single linear path with exactly two distinct ends. CAN bus connections should be “daisy chained” from device to device. Avoid “star” and “Y” topologies, and do not use a hub device (see Figure 2-11).
· The overall length of the bus should not exceed 20 meters (66 feet).
· Keep all stub node connections as short as practical. The maximum length of any stub node connection is 0.3 meters (1 foot).
· Avoid connecting more than one device to the CAN bus backbone at the same point. Instead, daisy chain the CAN bus backbone from one device to the next.
· Follow proper wiring, shielding, and grounding requirements described in section Section 2.3.1.3.2.
· Terminate the CAN bus at the two extreme ends of the bus, as described in Section 2.3.1.3.3.
· When adding a new device to the CAN bus, evaluate proposed modifications to the CAN bus wiring connections to maintain compliance with all above requirements.
2.3.1.3.6 CAN Bus Troubleshooting
CAN is very simple, and a properly installed CAN bus is normally very reliable. If problems are occurring, there is a good reason and the following steps can help to identify the issue.
1. Review the status LED of devices on the CAN bus such as the GSU25, GEA24, and GSA 28 servos (see Section 31.1.1). The status indications are listed in Table 2-3.

Table 2-3 Status LED Indications

LED Indication No Light Steady Green Flashing Green Red
Alternating Red/Green

Description No Power On, but not communicating through CAN Bus On and communicating through CAN Bus Hardware Fault CAN bus network error two similar devices are configured with the same unit ID

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2. Make sure the CAN bus is daisy-chained between CAN device around the system, and that CAN devices are not connected by a single point like a star or routed through a hub device. This can cause unwanted signal reflections and “orphan” some devices on the bus and prevent their communication.
3. Make sure the CAN bus is terminated in only two locations, and only at the extreme ends of the CAN bus.
4. With power removed, remove a connector from one of the devices that is not located at either of the extreme ends of the CAN bus.
a) Using an ohm meter, verify the resistance between the CAN HI and CAN LO pins on the connector is 60 ohms. This will verify the CAN backbone is properly terminated at each end (two 120 ohm terminating resistors in parallel).
b) A resistance of 120 ohms indicates that one of the two required CAN terminations is missing.
c) A resistance of 40 ohms or less indicates that too many terminations are installed.
5. Verify the CAN HI and CAN LO signals are not swapped, shorted together, or open-circuited at any LRU connector.
6. Verify the CAN HI and CAN LO signals are not shorted to ground (this can happen when shielded wire is installed incorrectly).
7. Highlight each device on the configuration mode system information page (Section 30.4.3) and verify the value displayed for Network Error Rate is a steady 0% (Figure 2-16).

Figure 2-16 Network Error Rate (configuration mode)
8. Start only the PFD1 display and one other CAN device at a time, and verify the connection quality for each device. Sometimes a device will communicate with PFD1 only when it is the only powered device on the CAN bus, if one or more of the above issues is present. Evaluating each CAN device in turn can help narrow down a problem.
9. It is very important for each device on the CAN bus to share a common power/signal ground. Ground potential differences between devices on the CAN bus can cause communication errors. Ground devices to a common ground bus, not to the airframe or to multiple grounding buses.

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2.4 Mechanical Considerations
This section presents all information required for planning the physical layout of the G3X installation.
2.4.1 Physical Specifications
Follow the panel requirements in Table 2-4. All width, height, and depth measurements are taken with unit rack (if applicable) and connectors. LRU dimensions are listed in each LRU section. Panel cutout templates are available for the GDU 37X, GDU 45X, GDU 46X, GDU 470, GMC 305, and GMC 307 in the respective LRU sections of this document. Cutout templates for the GDU 37X/4XX displays and the GMC 507 are also available in digital form (.DXF files) from the G3X manuals download page on www.garmin.com.

Table 2-4 G3X LRU Physical Specifications

LRU

Width

Height

Depth

Unit Weight

Weight of Unit and Connector(s)

GAD 27 (Flaps/ Lights/Trim Controller)

3.78 inches [96.01 mm]

1.954 inches [49.63 mm] no connector
3.569 inches [90.65 mm] with connector

5.204 inches [132.18 mm] no connector
6.533 inches [165.93 mm] with connector

0.64 lbs (0.29 kg)

0.97 lbs (0.44 kg)

GAD 29 (ARINC 429 Adapter)

6.10 inches 1.48 inches [154.9 mm] [37.6 mm]

3.23 inches [82.0 mm] no connector
5.10 inches [129.4 mm] w/connector
5.54 inches 140.7 mm] w/connector and CAN terminator

GAD 29 0.38 lbs (0.172 kg)

GAD 29 0.63 lbs (0.285 kg)

GAP 26 -00, -10 (Air Data Probe)

0.82 inches 16.0 inches [20.9 mm] [406.4 mm]

6.12 inches [157.7 mm]

-00 probe: 0.33 lbs (0.15 kg)
-10 probe: 0.39 lbs (0.18 kg)

-00 probe with adjustable mounting kit: 0.53 lbs (0.20 kg)
-010 probe with adjustable mounting kit:
0.59 lbs (0.22 kg)

*weight includes nut plate **Previous versions of the mounting kit used a steel mount tube that is heavier by 0.14 lbs than the weights listed in this table. The steel mount tube has welded mounting tabs and a constant wall thickness. The currently used aluminum mount tube has machined mounting tabs and the wall thickness is greater at the upper end vs. the lower end. Add 0.14 lbs to listed weights when using the steel mounting tube.

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Table 2-4 G3X LRU Physical Specifications

LRU

Width

Height

Depth

Unit Weight

Weight of Unit and Connector(s)

GAP 26 -20 (Air Data Probe and Heater Control Box)

Probe .82 inches [20.9 mm]

Probe 16.0 inches [406.4 mm]

Control Box 2.25 inches [57.0 mm] (includes wiring grommet and screw heads, but not harness)

Control Box: 1.11 inches [28.2 mm]

6.12 inches [157.7 mm] Control Box: 4.55 inches [115.6 mm]

-20 probe: 0.39 lbs (0.18 kg)

**-20 probe with adjustable mounting kit: 0.59 lbs (0.22 kg)

-20 control

box 0.36 lbs

NA

(0.16 kg)

GDL 39R

5.00 inches (127.0 mm)

1.63 inches (41.35 mm)

6.17 inches (156.7 mm)

17.7 oz (502 g)

19.5 oz (552 g)

GDL 51R GDL 52R

6.10 inches (154.9 mm)

1.60 inches (40.6 mm)

5.00 inches (127.0 mm)

0.78 lbs (0.35 kg)
0.83 lbs (0.38 kg)

0.904 lbs (0.41 kg)
0.954 lbs (0.43 kg)

GDU 370 6.04 inches 7.83 inches (Display) (153.4 mm) (198.8 mm)

3.41 inches (86.6 mm)

1.6 lbs (0.71 kg)

1.8 lbs*, (0.803 kg)

GDU 375 6.04 inches 7.83 inches (Display) (153.4 mm) (198.8 mm)

3.41 inches (86.6 mm)

1.7 lbs (0.77 kg)

1.9 lbs*, (0.862 kg)

GDU 450 8.00 inches 5.93 inches (Display) (203.0 mm) (150.5 mm)

Depth behind panel including recommended backshell 3.68 inches (93.4 mm)

2.71 lbs (1.23 kg)

2.98 lbs*, (1.35 kg)

GDU 455 8.00 inches 5.93 inches (Display) (203.0 mm) (150.5 mm)

Depth behind panel including recommended backshell 3.68 inches (93.4 mm)

2.84 lbs (1.29 kg)

3.11 lbs*, (1.41 kg)

GDU 460 (Display)

10.85 inches (275.5 mm)

7.82 inches (198.6 mm)

3.57 inches (90.7 mm)

4.60 lbs (2.09 kg)

4.81 lbs*, (2.18 kg)

*weight includes nut plate **Previous versions of the mounting kit used a steel mount tube that is heavier by 0.14 lbs than the weights listed in this table. The steel mount tube has welded mounting tabs and a constant wall thickness. The currently used aluminum mount tube has machined mounting tabs and the wall thickness is greater at the upper end vs. the lower end. Add 0.14 lbs to listed weights when using the steel mounting tube.

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