Ornicom FF767 Intrinsically Safe Flame Detector Installation Guide
- June 1, 2024
- Ornicom
Table of Contents
FF767 Intrinsically Safe Flame Detector
Specifications:
- Equipment Categories: Group II
- Type of Explosive Atmosphere: Gas, vapour, mist
- Protection Level: Intrinsic safety (ia)
- Temperature Class: T4
- Gas Group: IIC
Product Usage Instructions:
1. Introduction to Intrinsic Safety
Flame detectors designed for hazardous areas in petroleum and
chemical engineering plants ensure safety by being intrinsically
safe. They operate at low power levels and are incapable of causing
ignition under normal conditions or in the presence of faults.
2. Equipment Markings
Look for the CE Marking and ATEX symbol to ensure compliance
with EU Directive 94/9/EC. The equipment is categorized under Group
II for gas, vapour, mist atmospheres with high levels of
protection.
3. Equipment Protection Level (EPL)
These Flame Detectors are approved under protection code ia
(Intrinsic safety) for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
where gases, vapours, or mists may be present.
FAQ:
Q: Are the flame detectors suitable for explosive dust
atmospheres?
A: No, the detectors are not certified for explosive dust
atmospheres. They are specifically designed for gas, vapour, and
mist atmospheres.
Intrinsically Safe Flame Detector Installation Guide
General
This Installation Guide gives information on the intrinsically safe (I.S.)
version of the flame detectors that have been approved by BASEEFA (British
Approvals Service for Electrical Equipment in Flammable Atmospheres). The
requirements of the European Community Directive 94/9/EC, the ATmosphere
EXplosives ATEX Directive have been met. The approval has been assessed to
European Standards EN 60079-0, EN 60079-11 and EN 60079-26. The detectors are
certified II 1G Ex ia IIC T4 Ga and can be used with all listed gases. The
range comprises single infra-red (IR), dual infra-red (IR²) and triple infra-
red (IR³) flame detectors. The detector housings are available in zinc metal
alloy or stainless steel and also stainless steel (antistatic) glass filled
polycarbonate. The guide also provides information on intrinsic safety, the
application, maintenance, installation and adjustments of the detectors.
Reference to other individual detector publications can be made for more
information on none intrinsically safety issues. These publications are
available on request.
Information in this guide is given in good faith, but the manufacturer cannot
be held responsible for any omissions or errors. The company reserves the
right to change the specifications of products at any time and without prior
notice.
1
Introduction to Intrinsic Safety
There are many places where an explosive mixture of air and gas or vapour is
or may be present continuously, intermittently or as a result of an accident.
These are defined as hazardous areas by EN 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for
potentially explosive atmospheres General requirements.
Hazardous areas are common in petroleum and chemical engineering plants and in
factories processing and storing gases, solvents, paints and other volatile
substances.
Electrical equipment for use in these areas needs to be designed so that it
cannot ignite an explosive mixture, not only in normal operation but also in
fault conditions. There are a number of methods available to achieve this
oil immersion, pressurised apparatus and powder filling, for example, but the
two most common used are flameproof enclosures and intrinsic safety.
Flameproof equipment is contained in a box so strong that an internal
explosion will neither damage the box nor be transmitted outside the box. The
surface must remain cool enough not to ignite the explosive mixture.
When flameproof equipment is interconnected, flameproof wiring must be used.
This method is most valuable when high power levels are unavoidable but it is
not acceptable for areas in which an explosive gas/air mixture may be
continuously present or present for long periods.
For this reason these flame detectors are made intrinsically safe rather than
flameproof. Intrinsically safe equipment operates at such low power and with
such small amounts of stored energy that it is incapable of causing ignition:
o In normal conditions o With a single fault (for ib type of protection code)
o With any combination of two faults (for ia type of protection code)
In any of these conditions every component must remain cool enough not to
ignite gases for which it is approved. See Table 2
Classification of Hazardous Areas
EN 60079-0 states that electrical apparatus for potentially explosive
atmospheres is divided into:
· Group I: Electrical apparatus for mines susceptible to fire damp; · Group
II: Electrical apparatus for places with a potentially explosive atmosphere,
other than mines susceptible to fire damp.
These flame detectors are designed to meet the requirements of Group II
apparatus. For the type of protection “i” intrinsically safe, Group II is
subdivided into Equipment Categories, Type of Explosive Atmosphere (Table 1),
Type of Protection Code (Table 2), Temperature Class (Table 3) and Gas Group
(Table 4).
2
Equipment Markings
CE Marking
ATEX
(EU Directive 94/9/EC)
EU Explosive Atmosphere Symbol
II 1 G
Group II
Equipment Definition Category
Type of Explosive Atmosphere Group II
G gas vapour mist Zone
1
– very high level of protection
0
in which explosive atmosphere mixtures of air gases, vapours or mist are present continuously, for long periods
2
– high level of protection
1
in which explosive atmosphere mixture of air and gases, vapours or mist are likely to occur
3
– normal level of protection
2
in which explosive atmosphere mixtures of air and gases, vapours or mist are
unlikely to occur and if it occurs it will exist only for a short period
These Flame Detectors are suitable for all the above equipment categories.
Note: The detectors are not certified for explosive dust atmospheres.
Table 1 Equipment Categories and Type of Explosive Atmosphere (Group II)
3
Equipment Protection Level (EPL)
[See EN60079-26]
CENELEC / IEC
Ga Ex ia IIC T4
Explosion Protection symbol
Type of
Equipment
Code Protection Code Category
ia Intrinsic safety
1
ib Intrinsic safety
2
d Flameproof
2
These Flame Detectors are approved ia.
Table 2 Type of Protection Codes
Temperature Class
Referred to ambient of -20°C to +40°C
Maximum Surface Temperature
T6
85°C
T5
100°C
T4
135°C
T3
200°C
T2
300°C
T1
450°C
Detectors approved to T4 at 40°C
Table 3 Temperature Classification
Gas Group Representative Gas Other Gases, Liquids, Vapours
IIC
Hydrogen
Acetylene, Carbon Disulphide
IIB
Ethylene
Diethyl ether, Tetrafluoroethylene
IIA
Methane
Butane, Methanol, Petroleum, Propane, Styrene
These Flame Detectors are approved IIC for listed gases in EN 60079-0.
Table 4 Subdivisions of Group II Gases
4
Intrinsically Safe Products
Intrinsically Safe Flame Detector (Polycarbonate Housing) Fig. 1
The flame detectors respond to light emitted from flames during combustion.
The detectors discriminate between flames and other light sources by
responding only to low frequency flickering produced by flames (typically 1 to
15Hz). The detectors ignore fixed light sources and rapidly flickering
illumination predominantly produced by lighting. The flame flicker techniques
have the advantage of still allowing the detection of flames through a thin
layer of oil, water vapour, ice or dust. This makes these detectors
particularly useful in industrial applications. Full details of the principles
of operation, electrical description, and other detailed technical data are
published in the products individual data sheet.
Technical Data
Mechanical
Housing Material:
See figure 1
Stainless Steel & Glass Reinforced Polycarbonate
Housing Colour:
Blue (typical)
Housing Dimension:
(Excluding Mount)
Height = 148mm Width = 110mm Depth = 63mm
Cable Gland Entries:
4 X 20mm
Electrical
Supply In: Voltage Current
Polarity sensitive
Terminals 1(+) & 2(-)
14 to 30Vdc 2 to 30mA See data
sheet for detail
Optional Input: Voltage Current
Polarity sensitive
Terminals 3(+) & 4(-)
14 to 30Vdc 40µA typ. @ 24V IN
Optional Output:
Terminals 3(+) & 4(-)
Voltage 0V to Supply In (O/C)
Internally Limited Current
2.4mA typ.
Optional Relays
Contact Ratings:
Resistive
Voltage
Loads Only Current
Terminals 3 to 8
30Vdc. Max. 1 Amp. Max.
Environmental
Operating Ambient Temperature:
Check detector limits
-20°C to +40°C(T4)
ATEX Approval Category
II 1 G
CENELEC / IEC Marking
Ex ia IIC T4 Ga
Apparatus Certificate Number BAS02ATEX1001
System Certificate Number Baseefa08Y0078
5
FIRE IR SENSOR
Intrinsically Safe Flame Detector (Alloy Housing) Fig. 2
The flame detectors respond to light emitted from flames during combustion.
The detectors discriminate between flames and other light sources by
responding only to low frequency flickering produced by flames (typically 1 to
15Hz). The detectors ignore fixed light sources and rapidly flickering
illumination predominantly produced by lighting. The flame flicker techniques
have the advantage of still allowing the detection of flames through a thin
layer of oil, water vapour, ice or dust. This makes these detectors
particularly useful in industrial applications. Full details of the principles
of operation, electrical description, and other detailed technical data are
published in the products individual data sheet.
Technical Data
Mechanical Housing Material:
See figure 2
Housing Colour:
Housing Dimension:
(Excluding Mounts)
Cable Gland Entries:
Die Cast Zinc Alloy
Blue (typical) Height = 142mm Width = 108mm Depth = 82mm
2 X 20mm
Electrical
Supply In: Voltage Current
Polarity sensitive
Optional Input: Voltage Current
Polarity sensitive
Optional Output: Voltage
Internally Limited Current
Optional Relays
Contact Ratings:
Resistive
Voltage
Loads Only Current
Terminals 1(+) & 2(-)
14 to 30Vdc 2 to 30mA See data
sheet for detail
Terminals 3(+) & 4(-)
14 to 30Vdc 40µA typ. @ 24V IN
Terminals 3(+) & 4(-)
0V to Supply In (O/C) 2.4mA typ.
Terminals 3 to 8
30Vdc. Max. 1 Amp. Max.
Environmental
Operating Ambient Temperature:
Check detector limits
-20°C to +40°C(T4)
ATEX Approval Category
II 1 G
CENELEC / IEC Marking
Ex ia IIC T4 Ga
Apparatus Certificate Number BAS02ATEX1001
System Certificate Number Baseefa08Y0078
6
System Design
Engineers familiar with codes of practice for hazardous area systems should
only undertake the design of an intrinsically safe fire detection system. In
Europe the standard is EN 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for potentially
explosive atmospheres General requirements.
The fire detector performance is the same as the standard none intrinsically
safe counterparts. Performance information given in standard product guides is
therefore applicable to the intrinsically safe range.
The BASEEFA certification of the intrinsically devices covers their
characteristics as components of an intrinsically safe system. This indicates
that the flame detectors can be used with a margin of safety in such systems.
In safe area (standard) applications it is sometimes desirable to connect the
wiring as a loop, with both ends terminated at the control panel. In the event
of an open-circuit fault it is then possible to drive both ends
simultaneously. In a hazardous area it is not possible to use a loop
configuration because the potential to feed power from each end of the loop
would double the available energy in the hazardous area and contravene the
energy limitations of the intrinsically safe certification. All circuits must
therefore be connected as spars from the safe area or as radial connections
from the control panel.
The 016XXX series of Intrinsically Safe Flame Detectors (Sensors) has been
assessed as an Intrinsically Safe System by Baseefa as defined in EN 60079-25
for Category ia, Group IIC and Temperature Class T4. See system certificate
number Baseefa08Y0078.
Types of Safety Barrier
The system configuration can for three types of safety barrier, each of which
has its own advantages and disadvantages. A brief outline of the
characteristics is given below.
28V/300 Barrier
This is the most basic type of barrier and therefore the lowest cost. Being
passive devices, they also impose the minimum of restrictions on the operation
of the flame detectors. Thus, single channel barriers are available either as
positive or negative polarity where the polarity refers to the polarity of the
applied voltage relative to earth. The significance of this is that one side
of the barrier must be connected to a high-integrity (safety) earth. Although
this connection has no effect on the operation of the flame detector and is
not needed for their correct operation, it may not be acceptable to the
operation of the control and indicating equipment. This is particularly true
if the control equipment incorporates earth-leakage monitoring and even
without this feature the earthing of the loop may cause unwanted cross-talk
between loops.
If the earth connection is not acceptable then the A.C. or isolating barriers
should be used.
Star-connected A.C. Barrier
A.C. barriers are also passive devices and must still be connected to a high-
integrity safety earth. However, they are designed to allow either positive or
negative voltages with respect to earth and under normal conditions provide a
connection to earth via a reverse-diode, rather than directly.
The disadvantage of this type of barrier is that the end-to-end resistance is
nominally 1200ohms compared with the 300 ohms of the single channel type. This
high resistance results in an extra voltage drop in the circuit. This type of
barrier is not recommended for general use.
7
Galvanically Isolated Barrier
Galvanically isolated barriers (also know as transformer isolated barriers)
differ from conventional shunt zener barriers in that they provide electrical
isolation between the input (safe area) and the output (hazardous area). This
is achieved by the use of a D.C./D.C. converter on the input side, which is
connected to the hazardous area through a voltage and power limiting
resistor/zener combination similar to a conventional barrier.
The galvanic isolation technique means that the circuit does not need a high
integrity (safety) earth and that the intrinsically safe circuit is fully
floating. Earth leakage problems for control and indicating equipment are
therefore eliminated if this type of interface is used. Galvanically isolated
barriers are widely used with conventional flame detector systems. If the
system is of an addressable type with signal pulses on the supply lines then
the response time of most standard barriers will be too slow to allow their
use. In these applications special galvanically isolated barriers are required
that can freely transmit the required protocol pulses without introducing
severe voltage drops. These interfaces are available as single or dual channel
versions and are recommended for any application in which direct earth
connections are not acceptable.
The galvanically isolated barrier is a two-wire device which does not need an
external power supply. Current drawn from the detector supply connections by
the barrier itself is less than 500µA.
Approved Safety Barriers
For systems a generic specification for the barriers is as follows. Any non-
isolating zener safety barrier certified and approved to meet the ATEX
Directives or CENELEC / IEC standards.
ATEX group and category
II (1) G
CENELEC / IEC marking [Ga Ex ia] II C
(associated apparatus)
Having the following or lower output parameters.
Max. output volts Uo : Max. output current Io : Max. output power Po :
= 28V = 93mA = 0.65W
A number of barriers meet this specification and examples are given below.
Supplier
Type
Channels Technique Certificate
Pepperl & Fuchs Ltd. 77 Ripponden Road, Oldham, Lancs. OL2 8PF UK www.pepperl-
fuchs.com
MTL Power Court, Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 3JJ UK www.mtl-inst.com
Z728 Z779
KFD0-CS-Ex1.51 KFD0-CS-Ex2.51 MTL7028+ MTL7728+ MTL7779+
MTL7706+
1 300 Barrier BAS01ATEX7005 2 300 Barrier BAS01ATEX7005
1 Isolator 2 Isolator
BAS98ATEX7343 BAS98ATEX7343
1 300 Barrier BAS99ATEX7285
1 300 Barrier BAS01ATEX7217 2 300 Barrier BAS01ATEX7217
Active 300 1 4-20mA O/P BAS01ATEX7217
Table 5 Examples of permitted safety barriers/isolators
8
The terminal parameters for the isolators and barriers permitted by the system certificate are: –
Type
Z728 Z779 KFD0-CS-Ex1.51 KFD0-CS-Ex2.51 MTL7028+ MTL7728+ MTL7779+ MTL7706+
Uo
28V 28V 25.2V 25.2V 28V 28V 28V 28V
Io
93mA 93mA 93mA 93mA 93mA 93mA 93mA 93mA
Po
650mW 650mW 585mW 585mW 650mW 650mW 650mW 650mW
Table 6 Permitted isolator and barrier terminal parameters.
The above barriers and isolators are to be supplied from apparatus which is
unspecified except that it must not be supplied from nor contain in normal or
abnormal conditions a source of potential with respect to earth in excess of
253 volts r.m.s. or 253 volts d.c.
Safety Earth
Single channel and star connected A.C. safety barriers must be connected to a
high integrity earth by at least one and preferably two copper cables, each of
cross sectional area of 4mm² or greater. The connection must be such that the
impedance from the connection point to the main power system earth is less
than one ohm. Intrinsically safe circuits in the hazardous area should be
insulated from earth and must be capable of withstanding a 500V RMS A.C. test
voltage for at least one minute.
When using armoured or copper sheathed cables, the armour or sheath is
normally isolated from the safe area busbar.
Apparatus Located in the Hazardous Area
The following may be located in the hazardous area: –
· One or two 016XXX Flame Detectors to certificate BAS02ATEX1001 and coded Ex
ia IIC T4 Ga.
· An optional single resistor that has a surface area of greater than 20mm²
may be connected in the fault relay circuit.
9
Interconnecting Cable Parameters
It is not permitted to connect more than one barrier circuit in the hazardous
area to any other circuit.
There are four different intrinsically safe circuits shown on the system
drawings. The stated cable parameters are based on each Power Supply circuit,
Remote Test circuit and Relay Output circuit being isolated from each other
with no other apparatus (other than the optional resistor across the Relay
Output circuit) being connected.
For each set of parameters shown below the cable capacitance and either the
cable inductance or the cable inductance to resistance ratio (L/R) must not
exceed the values shown in table 7. The reason for this is that energy can
stored in a cable and it is necessary to use cable in which energy stored is
insufficient to ignite an explosive atmosphere.
Cable Parameters
When two Flame Detector Power Supply terminal pairs (terminal 1 & 2) or Remote
terminal pairs (terminals 3 & 4) are connected to a single circuit from the
barriers or isolators listed in table 5 the permitted cable parameters are as
shown in table 7.
Group
IIC IIB IIA
Capacitance – µF
0.023µF (0.053µF) 0.59µF (0.62µF) 2.09µF (2.12µF)
Inductance – mH
4.2mH 12.6mH 33.6mH
L/R Ratio – µH/ohm
54µ 217µ 435µ
Table 7 Maximum Permissible Stored Energy in Cables [Two detectors (Single detector)]
When only a single Flame Detector Power Supply terminal pair (terminals 1 & 2) or Remote Test terminal pair (terminals 3 & 4) is connected to a single circuit from the barrier or isolator listed in table 5 then the capacitance may be increased to the values shown in brackets. The increase in cable capacitance is not affected by the number of Flame Detectors Fire Relay connect terminal pairs (terminals 5 & 6) or Fault Relay contact terminal pairs (terminals 7 & 8) connected to a single circuit.
The above cable parameters are also valid for any non-isolating zener barriers with terminal parameters not exceeding:-
Uo = 28V
Io = 93mA
Po = 650mW
Note: The flame detectors have zero equivalent inductance (Li = 0) and a 0.03µF capacitance (Ci=0.03µ).
10
Cables
The interconnections to any of the four intrinsically safe circuit
configurations shown on the system drawings may be achieved by separate cables
or by separate circuits within a Type A or Type B multicore cable (clause 8 of
EN 60079-25) subject to the following:
· Each circuit is to be individually screened within a Type A multicore cable.
· The peak voltage of any circuit within a Type B multicore cable must not
exceed 60V, and the cable must be effectively protected against damage.
Only insulated cables meeting the requirements of clause 8 of EN 60079-25
shall be used.
The installation of the system must be done in accordance with EN 60079-14.
Maximum Cable Lengths
The following cable types are considered to be Type B cables suitable for use
in the Flame Detector system. The maximum permitted cable lengths when using
these cables is shown below:
Cable Type
Core
Maximum Cable Length
IIC
IIB
IIA
AEI Cables 6193Y (BS6004)
Prysmian FP200Gold 1.5mm²
(Formally Pirelli)
AEI Cables M.I. ref 7H1.5
AEI Cables M.I. ref 2L1.5
3 2 or 4
7 2
379m (620m) 5.00km(5.00km) 5.00km(5.00km) 313m (513m) 5.00km(5.00km) 5.00km(5.00km) 213m (350m) 3.45km(3.59km) 5.00km(5.00km) 146m (240m) 2.37km(2.46km) 5.00km(5.00km)
Table 8 Examples of maximum permissible cable lengths [Two detectors (Single detector)]
When only a single Flame Detector Power Supply terminal pair (terminals 1 & 2) or Remote Test terminal pair (terminals 3 & 4) is connected to a single circuit from the barrier or isolator listed in table 5 then the capacitance may be increased to the values shown in brackets. The increase in cable capacitance is not affected by the number of Flame Detectors Fire Relay connect terminal pairs (terminals 5 & 6) or Fault Relay contact terminal pairs (terminals 7 & 8) connected to a single circuit.
11
Maximum Loading of IS Circuit
Because of the finite resistance of the safety barrier, there will be a limit
to the current drain which can be tolerated before the voltage on the circuit
falls outside the specified limits for the IS detector. The standing current
for the detectors can be calculated by the sum of the individual selected
detector currents as given in the detector data sheet. This will limit the
maximum number of detectors per barrier to two.
Installation
It is important that the IS detectors are installed in such a way that all
terminals and connections are protected to at least IP20 with the detector
cover fitted. The earth bonding terminals are provided for convenience where
continuity of a cable sheath or similar is required. The installation of the
system must be done in accordance with EN 60079-14.
Special Conditions of Use
The Intrinsically Safe flame detectors use alloy enclosures, and therefore
must be protected against impact or abrasion if located in an area classified
Zone 0.
Protection Against Lightning
The installer must perform a risk assessment in accordance with clause 10 of
EN 60079-25 and install lightning protection arrestors as deemed necessary.
Marking
The system shall be marked in a “strategic position”, either on or adjacent to
the principle item of electrical apparatus, with the following information:
SYST Baseefa08Y0078 Ex ia IIC T4 Ga
Service & Repairs
Servicing of IS flame detectors may be carried out only by a BASEEFA or
equivalent authorised body. In practical terms this means that IS flame
detector may be serviced only at the manufactures factory. Servicing of the
fire protection system should be carried out as recommended by the local
regulation in force.
12
IS System Drawing
Hazardous Area
Flame Detector
+ 1
– 2
Flame Detector
Fire Relay
Fault Relay
+ 1
–
2 5
6
7
8
Safe Area
i +
Barrier
–
- – Barrier
+ (2 channel)
–
Safe Area Apparatus
The barriers and isolators are to be supplied from apparatus which is
unspecified except that it must not be supplied from nor contain in normal or
abnormal conditions a source of potential with respect to earth in excess of
253 volts r.m.s. or 253 volts d.c.
+24V DC Normal
(Break supply to reset
– if detector set to latch)
i = See detector data
sheet for details
+2(B4rVeaDk CsuNppolyrmtoarleset
– if detector set to latch)
- – Zone
Flame Detector
+ 1
–
2 5
Fire Relay
6
7
Fault Relay
8
EO L
Refer to note 6
Detector Input Parameters Terminal 1 with respect to terminal 2 Terminal 3
with respect to terminal 4
Ui = 30V Ii = 100mA Pi = 0.65W Ci = 0.03µF Li = 0
Terminal 5 with respect to terminal 6 Terminal 7 with respect to terminal 8
Ui = 30V Ii = 100mA
NOTE 1 Each Barrier fed circuit must be a separate circuit and must not be
connected with any other electrical circuit.
NOTE 2 The electrical circuit in the hazardous area must be capable of
withstanding a test voltage of 500 VAC to earth for 1 minute.
NOTE 3 The installation must comply with EN 60079-14:2003
NOTE 5 The cable may be separate cables or a twin pair contained in a type A’ or a typeB’ multicore cable (as defined in clause 8 of EN60079-25).
NOTE 6 If required a loading resistor having a surface area greater than 20mm²
may be connected in the fault relay circuit circuits.
13
IS System Drawing with Remote Detector Test Option
Hazardous Area
Flame Detector
+ 1
– 2
+ 3
– 4
Safe Area
i
- –
Barrier
- –
Barrier
Safe Area Apparatus
The barriers and isolators are to be supplied from apparatus which is
unspecified except that it must not be supplied from nor contain in normal or
abnormal conditions a source of potential with respect to earth in excess of
253 volts r.m.s. or 253 volts d.c.
+ 24V DC Normal
– (Break supply to reset if detector set to latch)
Press to Test Detector
i = See detector data
sheet for details
- – Barrier
+ (2 channel)
–
24V DC Normal
(Break reset if
supply to detector
– set to latch)
– Zone
Flame Detector `B’
+ 1
–
2 3
–
4 5
Fire Relay
6
7
Fault Relay
8
Flame Detector `A’
+ 1
–
2 3
–
4 5
Fire Relay
6
7
Fault Relay
8
EO L
Refer to note 6
- – Barrier
+ (2 channel)
–
Press to Test Detector B’ Press to Test DetectorA’
NOTE 7 The system shall be marked in a “strategic position”, either on or
adjacent to the principle item of electrical apparatus, with the following
information:
SYST Baseefa08Y0078 Ga Ex ia IIC T4
NOTE 8 The installer must perform a risk assessment in accordance with clause
10 of EN 60079-25 and install lightning protection arrestors as deemed
necessary.
14
15
This document is IS Flame Detector Installation Guide IG-IS16K-5 16
References
Read User Manual Online (PDF format)
Read User Manual Online (PDF format) >>