RAK LRS10701 Indoor Air Quality Sensor User Manual

RAK LRS10701 Indoor Air Quality Sensor

Product Information

Specifications

Note:
The sensor can be powered in two modes: battery power mode (default) and DC power mode. If you need to use a DC power supply, purchase the applicable power adapter separately. The two power options cannot be used simultaneously. When enabling the PM detection function, select the DC power supply (DC Adapter) mode.

Hardware

Interfaces

Power Options

• Power On: To power the device, press the multi-function button.
• Power Off: To power off the device, press and hold the multi-function button for 5 seconds. The blue LED indicator will flash 3 times, indicating the device has been turned off.

Report Latest Data
Press the multi-function button briefly, the LED indicator will flash once, and the sensor will upload the latest sensor data to the LoRaWAN server.

LED Indicator Status

OTAA mode,
the LED will stay on until the sensor joins the network.
Power Off| Blue LED flashes 3 times| The device powered off.
Report Latest Data| Blue LED on| The latest data is being reported.

Product Usage Instructions

• Powering On and Off
  To power the device, press the multi-function button. To power off, press and hold the multi-function button for 5 seconds until the blue LED indicator flashes 3 times.

• Reporting Latest Data
  To report the latest sensor data, press the multi-function button briefly. The LED indicator will flash once, indicating that the sensor is uploading the latest data to the LoRaWAN server.

• LED Indicator Status
  The LED indicator provides information about the device’s status. Refer to the table above for details on different LED patterns and their corresponding descriptions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Can I use both battery power mode and DC power mode simultaneously?
A: No, the two power options cannot be used simultaneously. When enabling the PM detection function, select the DC power supply mode.

Document Information

Name| Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Solution User Manual – General Environment
Classification| Technical Documentation
Revision Information
Document Version| Revision History
V01| 29/07/2024

Overview

Description

The SENSO8 Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Solution is designed to create a safe and comfortable indoor environment, promoting improved quality of life, productivity, and organizational sustainability. This solution features the SENSO8 LRS10701 General Environmental IAQ Sensor, which monitors and analyzes various aspects of indoor air quality, including ambient temperature, humidity, PM levels, CO2, TVOC, and HCHO.

Features

• Comprehensive IoT Indoor Air Quality Sensor
• Battery or DC-powered
• Air Quality Index (AQI)
• Color LED strip indicator
• Open API wireless transmission
• Comprehensive management
• Based on LoRaWAN®
• Configurable settings: Allows customization of measurement interval and threshold alarm.
• Open API: Facilitates seamless integration with IoT platforms for easy data access and analysis.
• Supported frequency bands: RU864/IN865/EU868/US915/AU915/KR920/AS923-1/2/3/4
• Network Join Mode: OTAA/ABP
• Device Work Mode: Class A

Specifications

Overview
Table 1: Device List

NOTE

• The sensor can be powered in two modes: battery power mode (default) and DC power mode. If you need to use a DC power supply, purchase the applicable power adapter separately.
• The two power options cannot be used simultaneously.
• When enabling the PM detection function, select the DC power supply (DC Adapter) mode.

Hardware

Interfaces
Power Options Power On

• For DC-powered models: The sensor powers on automatically when connected to the power supply, and the blue LED indicator will be on.
• For battery-powered models: Press the multi-function button for 3 seconds to power on the sensor, and the blue LED indicator will be on.

Power Off
To power off the device, press and hold the multi-function button for 5 seconds. The blue LED indicator will flash 3 times, indicating the device has been turned off.

Report Latest Data
Press the multi-function button briefly, the LED indicator will flash once, and the sensor will upload the latest sensor data to the LoRaWAN server.

LED Indicator Status

Device Status
Table 2: Device Status

EVENT

| LED PATTERN|

DESCRIPTION

---|---|---
Power On| Blue LED on| The device powered on and uploads the first data. In OTAA mode, the LED will stay on until the sensor joins the network.
Power Off| Blue LED flashes 3 times| The device powered off.
Report the latest data| Blue LED on| The IAQ sensor uploads the data when the function button is pressed briefly.

• Error Status
  If the sensor is configured for the OTAA activation mode and cannot join the LoRaWAN network in 3 minutes after powering on, the LED indicator will flash blue for 2 minutes.

• LED Status Corresponding to AQI
  LED indicators report air quality index during normal operation. The Air Quality Index (AQI) is an indicator of air quality and its impact on health, ranging from 0 to 500.

Table 3: LED Indicators for Air Quality

NOTE

• On battery-powered sensors, the LED indicator flashes every 5 seconds.
• On DC-powered sensors, the LED indicator has a breathing effect.

Electrical Characteristics
Table 4. Device Power Options

DC power supply: 8.5-15 VDC, max. 1 A power adapter

Battery Life| Up to 3.5 years
Measurement Period| Battery powered: every 10 minutes DC powered: every 10 minutes
Data Upload Interval (Heartbeat)| Battery powered: every 10 minutes DC powered: every 10 minutes
Alert| Sends information to the server.

Sensor Characteristics
Table 5: Particulate Matter (PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10) measurements

Table 6: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) measurements

Table 7: Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) measurements

Table 8: Formaldehyde (HCHO) measurements

Table 9: Temperature measurements

±0.4° C (-10° C ~ 5° C)
±0.2° C (5° C ~ 60° C)

Table 10: Humidity measurements

± 2 % RH (20 ~ 80% RH)
± 4 % RH (80 ~ 100% RH)

RF Characteristics
Table 11: Wireless Characteristics

Mechanical Characteristics
Design and Dimensions

Physical Properties
Table 12: Physical Properties

Environmental Characteristics
Table 13: Operating and Storage Conditions

Order Model
Table 14: Order Model

Device Installation

The IAQ sensor comes fully assembled, eliminating the need for users to assemble the device after unpacking. For information on mounting the sensor in the appropriate location and performing relevant operations, refer to the following sections.

Wall Mounting
Prerequisites

1. Ensure the sensor is not connected to any DC power supply.
2. Loosen the screws and open the cover of the sensor.
3. Connect the wires connecting the DC power supply to the terminal block on the bottom of the sensor or insert two ER26500 Lithium-SOCl2 batteries into the battery compartment.
4. Put on the cover and fasten the screws on the corner.

Installation Steps

1. Perform a site survey and make sure that the SENSO8 IAQ sensor has good LoRaWAN network coverage.
2. Mount the sensor’s base on the wall with the double arrow pointing upwards and fix it with four (4) screws.
3. As shown in Figure 6, attach the sensor’s main body to the base in the proper orientation.
4. Slide the sensor’s main body down until it is secured to the base.
5. Secure the sensor’s main body in place by tightening the screw.

Network Server Configuration

Connect to the Network Server
This section will guide you through the process of connecting the sensor device to a third-party cloud network server (TTN). This enables users to integrate visualization applications on the third-party cloud network server and manage sensor data in real-time.

Connect to The Things Stack

1. Create an account on the TTN website if you don’t have one, or log in using your existing The Things ID credentials
2. Click Create an application to add a new node.
3. Click + Create an application to set up a new application.
4. Enter the Application ID field and click Create application.
5. Click +Register end device in the lower right corner to add an end device.
6. As shown in Figure 14, set the parameters of the end device.
   • Frequency plan: Ensure that the frequency plan is consistent with the one in the gateway. In this example, it is AS923.
   • DevEUI: Read or scan the QR code on the back of the device to obtain it. In this case, it is 70B3D58C90001D89.
   • AppKey: DFF603730FACD87FF360A382D53D8546 (fixed value).
   • AppEUI: 70B3D58C902C7D01 (fixed value).
7. As shown in Figure 15, it indicates that the SENSO8 LoRaWAN IAQ sensor has successfully joined the TTN network server.

NOTE

• Before linking the sensor device to the TTN network server, ensure that the gateway is already connected to the TTN.
• If you are using RAK’s gateway product, refer to the Basics Station Configuration Example (Connect to TTS) for the relevant operation steps.

Basic Configuration
The following sensor settings are configurable via downlink data. Refer to the SENSO8 LoRaWAN IAQ Sensor Data Payload Format document for specific details regarding the data payload format.

Table 15: Configuration Data

SETTING

| DEFAULT VALUE|

UNIT

---|---|---
Data Upload Interval| 600| Seconds
High-Temperature Threshold| 30| ° C
Low-Temperature Threshold| 18| ° C
High Humidity Threshold| 70| %
Low Humidity Threshold| 40| %
Carbon Dioxide Concentration Threshold| 1500| ppm
TVOC Concentration Threshold| 435| ppb
Formaldehyde Concentration Threshold| 200| ppb
Ammonia Concentration Threshold| 2000| ppb
Hydrogen Sulfide Concentration Threshold| 2000| ppb
---|---|---
Carbon Monoxide Concentration Threshold| 12400| ppb
Nitrogen Dioxide Concentration Threshold| 360| ppb
PM2.5 Concentration Threshold| 56| µg/m3
PM10 Concentration Threshold| 254| µg/m3
LED ON/OFF Status| ON| –

Troubleshooting Guide
Table 16: Troubleshooting Guide

ISSUE

|

FIX

---|---
The LoRaWAN network server cannot receive data from the sensor.| Verify the setup by examining the configuration, such as:

●     Activation

●     Mode

●     Frequency plan

●     Device information

●     All security keys on the LoRaWAN server and the sensor.

Any setting discrepancies will hinder data transmission to the LoRaWAN network server.

The sensor cannot be configured via the downlink command.| Check the downlink command is sent as a CONFIRMED downlink message.
The alert is not cleared when the reading is returned to the normal level.| For each alert, there is a hysteresis setting to prevent the alert from triggering repetitively when the reading fluctuates around the threshold.

Example:

If the high-temperature threshold is 30, it will trigger an alert when the temperature is above 30. The alert will be cleared when the temperature falls below 29 (hysteresis of 1) rather than 30.

Data Description

This section outlines the data payload format of downlink and uplink LoRaWAN data for the sensor.

Uplink Data

• The sensor measures the data every minute in the background. If a reading surpasses either one of the thresholds, the sensor promptly transmits uplink data to the network server, accompanied by the relevant alert. Otherwise, the sensor reverts to sleep mode.
• Once the data upload interval is reached, the sensor will send uplink data with the latest sensor’s reading.

Data Reporting
The IAQ sensor sends an uplink data report in the following scenarios:

• Periodic heartbeat
• Button press
• Air condition exceeds the preset threshold

General Air Quality Readings (Port: 10)
Table 17: Payload of AQ readings

Table 18: Description of AQ readings

FIELD

| MEASUREMENT|

CALCULATION

---|---|---
EVT| Alert| Bitmask for the alerts and events. If the corresponding bit is 1 , an alert or event is triggered.

7 – PMx

6 – TVOC

5 – EC2

4 – EC1

3 – carbon dioxide

2 – Temperature, humidity 1 – Reserved

0 – Periodic Data Upload/Button

AQI_CO2_T| Air Quality Index (AQI)| AQI = AQI_CO2 _T >> 23
Carbon dioxide (CO2) reading (ppm)| CO2 = (AQI_CO2 _T >> 10) & 0x1FFF
Temperature reading (° C)| Temperature = ((AQI_CO2_T & 0x03FF) – 300)

/ 10

HUM| Humidity (%)| Humidity = HUM * 0.5
GAS1| Gas sensor 1 reading (ppb)| Gas = GAS1
GAS1| Gas sensor 2 reading (ppb)| Gas = GAS2
BAT| Battery reading (%)| Battery = BAT, the reading can be used to determine the battery status, e.g., low battery.
---|---|---

Example:

• Payload = 001108AA0F7D00000000FF
• AQI_CO2_T = 0x1108AA0F
• AQI = (0x1108AA0F >> 23)
  • = 0x22
  • = 34 (decimal)
• CO 2 = (0x1108AA0F >> 10) & 0x01FFF
  • = 0x4422A & 0x01FFF
  • = 0x22A
  • = 554 (decimal)
• Temperature = (( 0x1108AA0F & 0x03FF) – 300) / 10
  • = (0x20F – 300) / 10
  • = (527 – 300) / 10 (convert 0x20F to decimal 527)
  • = 22.7
• Humidity = 0x7D x 0.5
  • = 125 x 0.5 (convert 0x7D to decimal 125)
  • = 62.5

TVOC and PM Readings (Port: 11)
Table 19: Payload of TVOC and PM Readings

Table 20: Description of TVOC and PM readings

Example:

• Payload = 010E00189C001C20001FA4
• TVOC = 0x010E
  • = 270 (decimal)
• PM1_0 = 0x00189C / 1000
  • = 6300 / 1000 (convert 0x189C to decimal 6300)
  • = 6.3
• PM2_5 = 0x001C20 / 1000
  • = 7200 / 1000 (convert 0x1C20 to decimal 7200)
  • = 7.2
• PM10 = 0x001FA4 / 1000
  • = 8100 / 1000 (convert 0x1FA4 to decimal 8100)
  • = 8.1

Device Configuration Reporting
When receiving a downlink request, the IAQ sensor uploads the device information and settings.

Device Version (Port: 8)
Table 21: Device version

Table 22: Description of firmware version

Device Settings (Port: 12)
Table 23: Payload of Device Settings

Table 24: Description of Device Settings Data

FIELD

| DESCRIPTION|

FORMAT

---|---|---
ULT| Data upload interval (minute)| Upload interval = ULT
L ED| LED on/off status| 0 – AQI off status 1 – AQI OFF state
TYP| Sensor installed| 1 – Available, 0 – Not Available Bit 0 – Temperature and humidity Bit 1 – TVOC

Bit 2 – CO2

Bit 3 – PM1.0/2.5/10

Bit 4 – Gas 1

Bit 5 – Gas 2

STS| Sensor Status| 1 – Functional, 0 – Not functional Bit 0 – Temperature and humidity Bit 1 – TVOC

Bit 2 – CO2

Bit 3 – PM1.0/2.5/10

Bit 4 – Gas 1

Bit 5 – Gas 2

G1T| Gas 1 Type| 0 – None             1 – NH3

2 – H2S                3 – NO2

4 – CO                 5 – HCHO

G2T| Gas 2 Type| 0 – None             1 – NH3

2 – H2S                3 – NO2

4 – CO                 5 – HCHO

DACK| RESERVED| –

Temperature/ Humidity Threshold Settings (Port:13)
Table 25: Temperature/ Humidity Threshold Settings

Table 26: Description of the Temperature/Humidity Threshold Settings

Gas threshold settings (Port: 13)
Table 27: Payload of the Gas Threshold Settings

Table 28: Payload of the Temperature/Humidity Threshold Settings

PM threshold setting (Port: 13)
Table 29: PM threshold setting

Table 30: Payload of the PM Threshold Settings

Downlink Data
The downlink data is used for updating the IAQ sensor settings online. After issuing a downlink configuration request command, the device will acknowledge it with a response/acknowledgment command mentioned in the uplink data.

Device Version Request
Table 31: Downlink data

Table 32: Version request data flow

See Device Version (Port: 8) Data Description.

• Device version: WW.XX.YYZZ = 01.04.0000 = V1.04

Threshold Settings Request/Configuration
Table 33: Threshold Settings Request

Table 34: Threshold Settings Request Data Flow

00 0A 46 0A
Downlink Command: 00001E000B460A| 23| Temperature/Humidity Threshold Configuration| 00 00 1E 00 0B 46 0A
Device Response: 00001E000B460A| 13| Temperature/Humidity Threshold| 00 00 1E 00 0B 46 0A

See Temperature/Humidity Threshold Settings (Port: 13) Data Description.

• Temperature/humidity threshold: 00 00 1E 00 0B 46 0A
  • = 00(0) 00 1E(HTTH) 00 0B(LTTH) 46(HHTH) 0A(LHTH)
• High-temperature threshold in hexadecimal 00 1E(HTTH) = 30°C Low-temperature threshold 00 0B(LTTH) = 11°C
• High humidity threshold 46(HHTH) = 70%
• Low humidity threshold 0A(LHTH) = 10%

Data Format

Device Version Request (Port: 20)
Table 35: Device version request

Acknowledge Command: See Device Version (Port:8)

Device Settings Request (Port: 21)
Table 36: Device Settings Request

Acknowledge Command: See Device Settings (Port: 12)

Threshold Settings Request (Port: 21)
Table 37: Threshold Request

Acknowledge Command:

1. See Temperature/Humidity Threshold Settings (Port: 13)
2. See Gas Threshold Settings (Port: 13)
3. See PM Threshold Settings (Port: 13)

Device Settings Configuration (Port: 22)
Table 38: Device Settings Request

Table 39: Device Settings Request Description

Acknowledgment Command: See Device Settings (Port: 12)

Temperature/Humidity Threshold Configuration (Port: 23)
Table 40: Temperature/Humidity Threshold Configuration

Table 41: Temperature/Humidity Threshold Description

Acknowledgment command: See Temperature/Humidity Threshold Settings (Port: 13)

Gas Threshold Configuration (Port: 23)
Table 42: Gas Threshold Configuration

Table 43: Gas Threshold Description

Acknowledgment command: See Gases Threshold Settings (Port: 13)

• TVOC conversion formula: TVOC [μg/m3] = 4.5 x TVOC [ppb]

PM Threshold Configuration (Port: 23)
Table 44: PM Threshold Configuration BYTE

Table 45: PM Threshold Description

Acknowledgment command: See PM Threshold Settings (Port: 13)

Shenzhen RAKwireless Technology Co., Ltd.

• Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China.
• www.RAKwireless.com
• inquiry@RAKwireless.com
• +86-755-86108311

References

• Basics Station配置示例(连接至TTS) | 文档中心
• The Things Network Console

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