LDSOLAR TD2210 MPPT Solar Charge Controller User Manual

LED SOLAR TD2210 MPPT Solar Charge Controller
User Manual
Tracer Dream TD2210/TD2410 User’s manual of MPPT solar charge controller

Max PV input Voltage 100V
12V/24V 20A 40A

TD2210 MPPT Solar Charge Controller

Dear Users:
Thank you for selecting our product. Please read this manual carefully before you use this product.
Thank you for choosing MPPT solar charge controller. This series product adopts a positive design with an LCD display. Based on advanced MPPT technology which tracks the maximum power point of the PV array accurately and quickly under any environment, MPPT solar charge controller can constantly obtain Max power from the solar panel, thus increasing the charging efficiency of the solar panel. It can be used for communication systems, off-grid solar systems, solar street light systems, field monitoring, and so on. Excellent digital protection function and professional connector can avoid damage, due to system faults or installation errors, to a maximum degree.

Features:

• Advanced MPPT technology, can rapidly and steadily track the Maximum
• PowerPoint, tracking accuracy is 99.5%
• Adopt Synchronous Rectifier Technology, (dramatically) improving the transfer efficiency of the circuit, by a maximum of 98%.
• Accurate identification and tracking multi peak power point function
• PV array limited power input function, ensuring that the controller does not overload operation under any conditions.
• Widely voltage range of PV array Maximum Power Point, Max PV input Voltage to 100V 12/24VDC system voltage automatic recognition
• Humanized LCD displaying, dynamic display operation data, and working State
• Built-in operation log, recording system working state
• Varied load control mode: Normal Mode, Sensor Mode, Timer, and Sensor Mode 3 stages of charging mode. 3 types of batteries, Sealed, Gel, and Flooded, the alternative charging procedure
• Temperature Compensation Function
• Function of accumulated charging and discharging power as well as real-time display power generation.
• Fullest digital protection functions: Reverse connection, Overcharging,
• Over-discharging, Over voltage, Overload, Short circuit.
• Unique 16mmz2 connectors, red and black connectors distinguish positive and negative poles

MPPT Technology Introduction

MPPT means Maximum PowerPoint Tracking. It is a more advanced solar charging mode. According to the nonlinearity feature of solar panels, there is a Maximum Power output Point(Pmax) on its power curve and this point under changing light intensity and temperature. Using a traditional PWM solar charge controller, the voltage of the solar panel will be clamped by the battery, and the voltage can not be maintained at Pmax to charge the battery, which greatly reduces the utilization rate of solar panels. MPPT solar charge controller adopts efficient DC-DC power conversion technology, combined with an advanced algorithm to track the MPP of solar panels in (real-time) to obtain Max power from solar panels for charging batteries. Compared with the PWM controller, MPPT solar charge controller could increase the energy utilization rate by around 15%-30%.
The Vpp of solar panels used for 12 systems is 17V. When the 12V battery is charged by a solar panel, the solar pane voltage will be clamped by the battery as a result of the constant current characteristic of solar panels. If the max charging current is 10A at this time, then the input power to the battery= 10A x 12V =120W, which does not yet completely achieve the maximum utilization rate of solar panels. However, the MPPT controller could constantly adjust the voltage and current of solar panels to reach Max output power, and therefore the input power to the battery= 9A x 17V x 0.98(circuit exchange efficiency)=150W. It can be shown that the MPPT controller could significantly improve the charging efficiency.

The MPPT point under changing light intensity and temperature of the environment. The MPPT controller could adjust the MPP timely according to different conditions.
In practical application, if the solar panel has burnt cells or a shadow effect, it may lead to the appearance of multi MPP, only one of which is actual MPP. As shown below:

If the program handles improperly when multi MPP points appear, the solar system would work in the wrong points rather than the actual MPP point. As a result, it would waste the most of power from the solar panels as well as seriously affect the normal operation of the solar systems. Our company’s MPPT controller could accurately track the actual MPP point in the double peaks or multi peaks state so as to improve the utilization of solar arrays and avoid the waste of resources.

Important Safety Information

1. This controller is developed on the basis of the characteristic of solar panels. If using another power supply instead of a solar panel, the controller may work abnormally.

2. it is better to install a controller indoors. If installing the controller outside, please keep the environment dry, avoid direct sunlight, and keep dustproof and waterproof.

3. The controller will be hot in the process of working. Please do not touch by hand directly, keep the environment ventilated, and away from other heaters and flammable. ****

4. Under the sunlight, the solar panel voltage will be very high (especially 24V/48V system).
   Please avoid touching or terminal short circuit. Keep your hands dry, use the insulating tool, and stand on a dry field when it needs to be operated.

5. The battery has acidic electrolysis. Please put on goggles during installation. If you are accidentally exposed to electrolysis, please rinse with water.

6. The battery has huge power. Forbid any conductor short circuit of the positive and negative poles of the battery. Suggest adding a fuse between the battery and controller. (Slow motion type, and the action current of the fuse should be 1.5 times more than the rated current of the controller)

7. Please install the controller in a place where children can not touch it.

The suggestion of using

1. The controller could detect the environmental temperature to adjust the charging voltage.
   Accordingly, the controller should be closed to the battery as near as possible.

2. Recommend system current density of cables should be less than 3A/mm. – Unreasonable selection of cables will increase the system consumption or even cause burning.

3. Try to use multi-strand copper wire in order to connect with the terminal more firmly. Loose power connections and/or corroded wires may result in resistive connections that melt wire insulation, burn surrounding materials, or even cause a fire. ****

4. Please keep the battery fully charged frequently(one time each month at least), or the battery will be destroyed.

5. This product has solar panel input limited power function, which means, theoretically, no matter how much power is input, the controller will limit the input power to operating under the rated power. But please pay much attention to the following two points:

6. The short circuit of the solar panel should be less than the rated current of the controller.

7. The lower the temperature, the higher the Open Circuit Voltage of the solar panels. Please ensure that in no case will the Open Circuit Voltage of the solar panel array exceed 100V, otherwise, it will trigger protection or damage the controller.

Installation Instructions

Controller Fixed

1. The controller should be installed in a well-ventilated place. Avoid direct sunlight, high temperature, and place where water can easily enter the controller.
2. Please select the correct screw to fix the controller on the wall or other platforms. Screw M4 or
3. M5. Screw cap diameter should be less than 10mm, 3) Please reserve enough space between the wall and controller to allow for cooling and cable connection.
4. The mounting hole distance of the controller is 189mm*85mm, and the diameter of the mounting recess is 5mm.
5. The controller has aluminum fins for natural cooling, so we strongly suggest hanging installation for a better airflow cooling effect. ****

Controller Connection

• All terminals are in tight status after the factory. In order to connect well, please lose all terminals at first.
• Please do not change the following order of connection, The controller has a battery voltage auto selection function, so the battery should be connected first, otherwise it will cause a system voltage recognition fault.
• Before connection, please confirm the system voltage fit for your chosen controller, and the open circuit of solar panel and maximum power are both at the using range of the controller as well.

In order to avoid fault installation, please refer to the below procedures

1. As shown above, first of all, connect the battery to the correct poles of the controller (red Is plus and black I s minus). To avoid a short circuit, please screw the battery cable to the controller a t first, then to the battery poles. If your connection is correct, the LCD display will show battery voltage and other technical data. If not, please check the fault and reconnect according to the “fault and handling” in this manual. The cable length between the battery and the controller should be as short as possible. Recommend 30CM -100CM. Short circuits on the terminals of the controller would result in fire or explosion. Please be careful. (We strongly suggest connecting a fuse that is 1.5times more than the rated current of the controller at the battery side.)

2. As shown above, connect solar panels to the correct poles of the controller. With a successful connection and full sunshine, the LCD will show a solar pane symbol and an arrow from the solar panel to the battery will be lit, which means the solar panel is charging. As for solar panels connection, below are suggestions.
   Please pay attention to protection measures for the risk of electric shock,

   ---

   The max input voltage from the solar panel could reach 100v, Please try to use the series connection to simplify cables.
   In Series connection could reduce the current of the solar panel, the sectional area of the cable, and the voltage drop.
   For example, there is a 17V 120Wx2 solar panel charging a 12V battery. If we use a PWM controller, we have to in parallel connection. At this moment, the solar panel array voltage is 17V, the current is 14A, and the current density is 3A/mm. So we need cable whose sectional area is 5 mmz2. On the other hand, If in a series connection, the solar panel array voltage is 34V, and the current is 7A. Therefore, at this time we need a cable with a 2.5 mm. sectional area, which is half less than the former.

3. As the figure shows, connect loads to the correct position of the controller. In order to avoid damage from load voltage, please close the output function button in the controller. Then connect the load to the controller. The controller does not offer reverse connection protection for the load. Hence, the reverse connections may destroy loads. **
   Attention: If users want to connect the inverter or start another inrush current load, please connect them with the battery directly, and do not connect the with** the controller, otherwise the terminals of the load may not be started, or even be destroyed.

4. Insert external temperature sensor: external temperature sensor is used for temperature compensation. Please let it close to the battery as near as possible. If the temperature sensor doesn’t be plugged in, the controller will default to 25°C.

5. RS485 communication interface: Monitor the controller by professional wire and host computer. (optional)

6. USB output: USB could offer 5V, Max 1000mA for mobile, laptop, MP3, and so on. (40A controller does not available this function at the moment)
   Warning: Please do not connect USB loads to any other place! The USB output negative poles are in series with the load negative poles.
   About the ground connection of the solar system
   Please remember, the solar charge controller is designed by all positive connections, that is, all components inside the controller are positively combined together. If your solar system needs a ground connection, please let positive ground connections.
   Warning: Some forced ground connection system, such as solar communication system and portable solar systems, which has been negative ground connected, should not be positively connected again, otherwise, it may cause a short circuit.

Battery Charging Process

This controller has 3 stages of charging mode: bulk, boost, and float. Through these fast, efficient, and safe charging modes, the battery can be effectively prolonged.

1. Bulk charging:
   In this stage, the voltage of the battery doesn’t reach the full charged set point (Float point or Boost point). The controller will work a t MPPT mode, charging in process of  Maximum Power of the solar panel.

2. Boost charging: Each time the battery voltage is less than 12.6V, the controller will auto-boost charging once until reaches the point degree of boost charging. Then the controller will come into constant voltage charging mode instead of MPPT mode and gradually reduce the charging current. The boost charging will last 2 hours before it turns to float charging mode. (Due to the load capacity and changing generated energy, the controller can’t keep charging a t constant voltage. So the constant voltage charging time will be accumulated and this mode won’t cancel until the accumulated time reaches 2 hours.

3. Float charging: After entering into float mode, the controller will decrease the charging current and charge with a weak current to keep the battery at float voltage. (If the  voltage isn’t under 12.6V, the controller will not start boost charging mode, but only keep float charging)

Main Interface

PV

| Data about charging
Battery| | Battery capacity indicator

12V24V48V

| Present System Voltage

BAT

| Data about battery

BAT TYPE

| Battery Type
Load| | Load on
| Load off
| Load Sensor Turner mode O
| Load Sensor mode output

LOAD

| Data about load

TYPE LOAD

| Load working mode

Operation and Indication of controller

• Main Interface
  If no operation in the main interface in 10s, the main interface will rotate the battery voltage, environmental temperature and battery type a t 3s intervals. Long press“—”could speed loop display.

• Short press “—>”in the main interface could be on or off the load.
• Long press “—” and“—”together 5s in the main interface could show the operation log, such as the number of LVD, working days, number of over current protection, and number of HVD.

Press “ <—” in the main interface could enter to the menu interface
Long pressing the “<—”button25S in the main interface could come into the data setting state. A loose button and short press“<—”and “—’ could set the data. Long press “< —” again more than 5s could save the data and cancel the setting state.

1. PV Power: This interface shows the solar panels’ current output power.

2. Accumulated Charging Power(AH): Accumulate the charging power of this system. Long press the”—: button to reset.

3. Accumulated Discharging Power(AH): Accumulate the discharging power of this system. Long pressing the”—>” button could reset.

4. Float Voltage: When the battery voltage reaches this set point, the controller will start constant voltage charging mode, limit the rising of the battery voltage, decrease the charging current, and keep the battery in full condition. Press the u.—”button to enter the menu interface of float voltage. Long press the “4—”buttona5S, and the parameter in the main interface will flash, and here is the setup state. Losing the button, and short pressing “<—” or”—>”could modify the data. After setting the needed data, long press”<—”5S to save the data and exit. If no operation in the 20s, it will automatically back to the main interface.

5. Boost Voltage: When the battery voltage is less than 12.6V, the constant voltage will auto reach up to 14.4V and back to float voltage after 2 hours’ charging.

6. Low Voltage Reconnect Voltage(LVR): After the controller detects the low voltage of the load and stops the output, the battery voltage must be higher than the LVR voltage if it reconnects the output. Or press “—>” in the main interface to release. The procedure is the same as (4).

7. Low Voltage Disconnection Voltage(LVD): When the controller detects the battery voltage is less than the LVD point, the output will be immediately shut down. At the same time, the status of the controller is in the lock. Users have to charge the battery, and the load will reconnect when the battery voltage is higher than the LVD voltage or press “—>” in the main interface to release. The procedure is the same as (4)

8. Load Working Mode Selection: The system’s default load working time is 24h. When the Load Working Time is set to 24 hours, the load will keep working for 24 hours if there is no fault.
   When the load working time is set to 523H, it means starting the load timer or sensor function. The procedure is the same as (4). If the battery capacity is enough, the load will start up at sunset and work in set hours or stop working till sunrise. When the load comes into timer or sensor mode, if the set working time is more than the actual night time, the load output will be closed at sunrise, although the working time is not reached the set hours. For example, the local actual nighttime is 10 hours, and the working time user set at night is 12 hours. But when the sunrise is 10 hours later, the output will be closed automatically
   No matter how many hours after the sunrise will be zeroing and the load will work with n e x t sunset.
   

9. Controller inside Temperature detection: When the inside temperature of the controller is more than 75°C, the charging current will be reduced.
   It will stop charging when the temperature exceeds 85°C.

10. Battery Type Selection: 3 types of battery data in the internal system. Different batteries refer to different parameters. (Default SEL battery parameter)
    Attention: Regarding the control parameter of the battery, we have taken every working condition into consideration. Hence, if customers want to adjust the parameter, please refer to the battery suppliers’ suggestion, or unreasonable adjustments will destroy the battery.

Protection Function

Fault Symbol Indication

Flash together
Load Over Current Protection| **| Load and Warning Flash together
Controller Over Temperature Protection| °C| Temperature symbol and Warning Flash together
Solar Panel Over Voltage Protection| **| Solar Panel symbol and Warning Flash together**

• Solar Panel Short Circuit and Reverse Connected Protection
  When the solar panels have an input short circuit or reverse connection, the controller will be stopped charging immediately until correcting the faults.

• Solar Panel Over Voltage Protection
  When the solar panel input voltage is more than 100V, the controller will be stopped charging immediately until the input voltage is less than 100V.

• Battery Reverse Connection Protection
  If the battery reverse connects, the controller won’t be damaged and will normally work after correcting the connection.

• Battery Over Voltage Protection
  When the voltage of the battery is more than 16.5V, the controller will be automatically stopped charging and discharging to avoid damage to the battery and loads.

• Battery Low Voltage Protection (LVD)
  When the battery voltage reaches the LVD (Low Voltage Disconnection) point, the controller
  will auto-close the output to avoid damage due to over-discharging.

• Overload Protection
  of the load current is 1.1times more than the rated current of the controller, the controller will disconnect the load after the 60s and be in lock. Users have to correct the mistake of loading and press“—”to release, or 30s later the controller will auto restart.

• Load Short Circuit Protection
  When the load current is 2 times more than the rated current, the controller will confirm it as a short circuit, auto-cut off the output, and stay in the lock. Users have to remove the short circuit and press“—>” to unlock, or 30s later the controller will auto restart.

• Over Temperature Protection
  When the controller’s inside temperature is higher than 75°C, the controller will stop charging and discharging with a temperature symbol and warning flash. The controller will auto-feedback when the temperature gets down to 65°C.

• Lightning Protection
  This product could only protect small lightning induction, we suggest users use the lightning rod at frequency area.

Fault and Handling

•  Battery Reverse Connection
• The connection cut off| Please confirm the battery gets enough voltage and reconnect the controller with the battery firmly and correctly.
no solar symbol and charging symbol on LCD  when there’s full sunshine on the solar panel.| The solar panel connection open circuit, short circuit, or
reverse connection| Please check whether the solar panel’s cable is connected correctly and firmly.
The controller is displaying LVD| The battery is over-discharging| Please check if the system design is reasonable. Please full charge the battery
The controller is displaying Over Voltage  protection of the battery| The voltage of the battery is a too high panel and see if the voltage| Please first cut off the solar p and get down to normal level. If not, please disconnect the battery with the controller and reconnect again
The controller is displaying Over Current Protection| The load is a short circuit, overload, or high surge power| Please check the load cables if there has a short circuit, or if the power of the load is overrated design, or
Battery Type| SEL| GEL| FLD
---|---|---|---
Over Voltage Protection| 16.5V| 16.5 V| 16.5 V
Charging Limited| 15.0 V| 15.0 V| 15.0 V
Over Voltage Reconnection| 15.0 V| 15.0 V| 15.0 V
Boost charging| 14.4 V| 14.2 V| 14.6 V
Float charging| 13.8 V| 13.8 V| 13.8 V
Boost Restart| 12.6V| 12.6V| 12.6V
| | the surge power of the load is too high
---|---|---

Technical Data

hours
Battery Over Voltage Protection| 16.5V; x2/24V
Reverse Connection Protection| Yes
Load Over Current Protection| Yes, each 30s auto restart again
Controller Over Temperature Protection| Yes
Charging Type| MPPT
Temperature Compensation| -24 mV /t for 12Vsystem : x2/24V: x4/48V
Working Temperature| -20°C—+55°C
Terminals scale| 16mm2
Waterproof grade| IP32
Size| 200mmx127 mmx5Omm
Net weight| 0.82KG| I                               1.3KG

• Please underrated power if used under a high-temperature environment.
  Optional communication function RS485
  Version number: 201601

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