Met One BAM 1020 Particulate Monitor User Manual

Met One BAM 1020 Particulate Monitor

Specifications

• Product: Particulate Monitor BAM 1020
• Manufacturer: Met One Instruments, Inc.
• Model Number: BAM 1020-9805 Rev G
• Address: 1600 NW Washington Blvd. Grants Pass, OR 97526
• Contact: Telephone – 541-471-7111, Facsimile – 541-471-7116

Product Usage Instructions

1. Introduction

This section provides an overview of the product and its technical service information.

2. Site Selection and Installation

Ensure proper unpacking, inspection, and evaluation testing before installation. Select an appropriate enclosure and control temperature. Position the inlet correctly according to site selection criteria. Follow the installation instructions provided for mounting options and electrical service connection.

3. Configuring External Sensors

Refer to the manual for detailed instructions on configuring external sensors, including the BX-597A / BX-598 Sensor. You can also find information on changing sensor addresses for customization.

FAQs

• Q: How do I perform an evaluation test on the BAM 1020?
  • A: To perform an evaluation test, follow the steps outlined in the ‘Unpacking, Inspection, and Evaluation Testing’ section of the manual.
• Q: Can I use the BAM 1020 in different configurations?
  • A: Yes, the manual provides information on both US-EPA configurations and other configurations for the BAM 1020. Refer to the respective sections for details.

OPERATION MANUAL
BAM 1020
Particulate Monitor BAM 1020-9805 Rev G
Met One Instruments, Inc. 1600 NW Washington Blvd.
Grants Pass, OR 97526 Telephone: 541-471-7111 Facsimile: 541-471-7116
metone.com

Met One Instruments, Inc. is now part of the Acoem international group of companies.
Met One Instruments has been designing and manufacturing class-leading meteorological, ambient air sensing, and air quality monitoring instrumentation since its inception in 1989. Its line of robust industrial- grade meteorological equipment, air particulate monitoring equipment, and indoor air quality monitoring systems have set the standard for the industry. Headquartered in Grants Pass, OR, Met One Instruments, Inc. is fueled by a dedicated expert team who is diligently working to advance the technology required to ensure continued improvements in human and environmental health now and for generations to come.
Acoem is committed to helping organizations and public authorities find the right balance between progress and preservation — safeguarding businesses and assets and maximizing opportunities while conserving the planet’s resources. Headquartered in Limonest, France, Acoem delivers unrivaled inter-operable AI- powered sensors and ecosystems that empower our customers to make enlightened decisions based on accurate and timely information.
In 2021, Acoem acquired Met One Instruments, marking a pivotal moment when two industry leaders in the air quality monitoring sectors converged — creating a single, stronger and more future-focused provider of holistic environmental monitoring solutions. Now, Met One Instruments Powered by Acoem has opened new possibilities through an extensive offering of class leading, multi-parameter environmental monitoring and industrial reliability solutions. These integrated measurement systems, technologies, and services deliver comprehensive solutions for a range of applications, including environmental research, regulatory compliance, and industrial safety and hygiene.
For more information about Met One Instruments Powered by Acoem, please visit: metone.com
For more information about Acoem, please visit: acoem.com

BAM 1020 Operation Manual – © Copyright 2024 Met One Instruments, Inc. All Rights Reserved worldwide. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any other language in any form without the express written permission of Met One Instruments, Inc.

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INTRODUCTION

1.1 About This Manual
This document is organized with the most important information toward the front of the manual, such as site selection, installation, setups, and field calibrations.
Toward the back are sections that provide in-depth information on subjects such as theory, diagnostics, accessories, and alternate settings. These sections provide valuable information which should be consulted as needed. Electronic versions of this manual are also available.
This manual is periodically revised for maximum accuracy, and to incorporate new features or updates. Below is a brief description of the BAM 1020 manual revision history:

Rev

Released

A 2020-06-09

B 2020-07-20

C 2020-09-22 D 2021-08-24 E 2021-09-27 F 2022-03-11 G 2024-01-26

Manual Description
Initial release of BAM 1020 (83440)
1. Section 1.2: Update letter portion of the serial number description (Table 1-2). 2. Section 2.5: Added Transport Plate Figure 2.4. 3. Section 3.3.2: Added reference to Figure 2-4. 4. Section 3.4.7: Added text “is provided with” to paragraph beginning with “Each BAM 1020…” 5. Section 3.5.2: Spelling correction for “correspond.” 6. Section 3.5.5: Added the case for 6% Low Power setting. 7. Section 8.1: Removed “standard accessory” text from BX-597A.
Updated description and part numbers for BX-597A and BX-598 sensors. 8. Section 9.1: This section Converting Data Between EPA Standard and Actual Conditions was
eliminated. This section is no longer needed because both Standard and Actual sample volumes and concentrations are calculated, displayed, reported, and stored in the data logger. 1. All references to 597A / 598 changed to BX-597A / BX-598 2. Section 7.3.2: Added weblink to Comet software download. Removed references to the Comet CD. 3. Section 8.1: Added CCS Modem-LTE 4. Section 8.1: Changed CCS Modem Communication Cable part number to 83444-25 5. Section 8.1: Added BX-598 photo 1. Section 2.5: Added BX-824 Inlet Slip Coupler information 2. Section 3.3.2: Added USB flash drive file system requirement. 3. Section 3.5.9: Enhance description of Protocol Type. 4. Section 3.5.14: Added Protocol Type to Serial Port setup screen (Firmware R9.2.2). 5. Section 6.9: Corrected FRH Set Point for Low Power mode from 100% to 99%. 6. Section 8.1: Added BX-824 Inlet Slip Coupler Assembler and BX-502 Translator 7. Section 8.1: Added BX-811 PM1 Sampling Inlet 1. Section 3.5.9.4: Added more clarification to Dynamic Range. 2. Section 8.1: Added AC Power Cable (P/N 400100); Corrected Electrical & Electronic Parts P/N: 30030, 82950, 82940 – Add “-1”; Removed 82970; Changed Rear Panel Assembly P/N to 83586; Changed filter element P/N from 580292 to 580345. 1. Section 8.1: Added RS-232 cable 82629 to Accessory Kit; Changed 9278 (RH Sensor) to 11043. 2. Section 6.2.2: Changed equilibrated Filter RH comparison to ambient sensor from within +/- 4% to +/-5%. 3. Added Audit Sheet to end of manual. 4. Added optional shelter temp sensor (83388) 1. Section 3.4.2: Corrected wording and grammar. 2. Section 3.4.10: Clarified Dark Count Test duration and test values. Added section reference to section 3.5.2. 3. Section 4.4: Added instructions on how to tighten tape reel cover. 4. Section 8.1: Updated parts and accessories photos. Removed BX-307 from list, added Swift. 25.0. 5. Section 3: BAM 1020 Photo updated with new overlay. 6. Updated Cover page and added boiler plate page. 7. Corrected general table formatting.
Table 1-1 BAM 1020 Manual Change Summary

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1.2 Technical Service

Technical Service representatives are available during normal business hours of 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Pacific Time, Monday through Friday. In addition, technical information and service bulletins are available from our website. Please contact us at the phone number or email address below to obtain a Return Authorization (RA) number before sending any equipment back to the factory.

Phone: 541-471-7111

Fax: 541-471-7116

E-Mail: service@metone.com Web: www.metone.com

Address:

Technical Services Department Met One Instruments, Inc. 1600 NW Washington Blvd. Grants Pass, OR 97526

The BAM 1020 monitor has a serial number on the label on the back panel, embossed on the two metal NRC tags, and printed on the calibration certificate. This number is needed if contacting the technical service department to request information about repairs or updates for the BAM 1020. The serial number begins with a letter sequence which represents the year of manufacture, followed by a unique or five-digit number. Example: AN15878 was built in 2020.

Letter AN BN CN DN EN FN GN HN JN KN

Year 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029

Letter MN NN PN RN TN UN WN XN YN AN

Year 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039

Letter BN CN DN EN FN GN HN JN KN MN

Year 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2048 2049

Table 1-2 Met One Instruments, Inc. Serial Number Designations by Year

1.3 BAM: Beta Attenuation Monitor
The Met One Instruments BAM 1020 beta attenuation mass monitor automatically measures and records ambient particulate mass concentration levels using the principle of beta ray attenuation. This method provides a simple determination of the ambient concentration of particulate matter in mg/m3 or g/m3. A small 14C (carbon 14) element inside of the BAM 1020 provides a constant source of beta rays. The beta rays traverse a path through which glass fiber filter tape is passed before being detected with a scintillation detector. At the beginning of the measurement cycle the beta ray count (I0) across clean filter tape is recorded. Then, an external pump pulls a known volume of PM-laden air through the filter tape thereby trapping the PM on the filter tape. At the end of the measurement cycle the beta ray count (I3) is re-measured across PM- laden filter tape. The ratio of I0 to I3 is used to determine the mass density of collected PM on the filter tape. A complete description of the measurement cycle is included in Section 5.1. In addition, a scientific explanation of the theory of operation and the related equations is included at the back of the manual.

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1.4 Beta Radiation Safety Statement
The Met One Instruments BAM 1020 contains a small 14C (carbon 14) beta radiation-emitting source. The activity of the source is 60 µCi ±15 µCi (microcuries), which is below the “Exempt Concentration Limit” of 100 µCi as determined by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (US-NRC). The owner or operator of the BAM 1020 is not required to have a license to possess or operate the equipment under US-NRC regulations. The owner may however elect to return the monitor to Met One Instruments for recycling of the 14C source when the monitor has reached the end of its service life, although is under no obligation to do so. Under no circumstances should anyone but factory technicians attempt to remove or access the 14C source. 14C has a half-life of about 5730 years and should never need to be replaced. Neither the 14C source nor the detector are serviceable in the field. Should these components require repair or replacement, the BAM 1020 must be returned to the factory for service and recalibration.
1.5 BAM 1020 US-EPA Configurations
The BAM 1020 is US-EPA designated for PM10, PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 under the following designation numbers:
· Designation Number: EQPM-0798-122 (PM10) · Designation Number: EQPM-0308-170 (PM2.5 with BGI/Mesa Labs VSCCTM or Tisch Cyclone) · Designation Number: EQPM-0715-266 (PM2.5 with URG Cyclone) · Designation Number: EQPM-0709-185 (PM10-2.5 with BGI/Mesa Labs Cyclones)
US-EPA designated methods using the BAM 1020 are modified from time to time in order to reflect hardware or software improvements. These modifications do not impact previously designated configurations of the BAM 1020 but may provide the end user with a product upgrade path that will allow the monitor to continue to be operated as a US-EPA designated method. For further details, please contact our service department. Details concerning US-EPA designated configurations of the BAM 1020 may be found on the US-EPA website:
https://www.epa.gov/amtic/air-monitoring-methods-criteria-pollutants
1.6 BAM 1020 Other Configurations
The BAM 1020 is used worldwide. Although many international jurisdictions use the US-EPA configurations, others do not. Consult with the appropriate local monitoring authority for details on how the BAM 1020 should be configured and operated locally.

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1.7 BAM 1020 Specifications

PARAMETER

SPECIFICATION

Measurement Principle

Particulate Concentration by Beta Attenuation.

U.S. EPA Designations Standard Range

PM10: EQPM-0798-122 PM2.5 EQPM-0308-170 PM2.5 EQPM-0715-266 PM10-2.5 EQPM-0709-185
0 – 10.000 mg/m3 (0 ­ 10,000 µg/m3)

Accuracy

Exceeds US-EPA Class III PM2.5 FEM standards for additive and multiplicative bias

Lower Detection Limit Lower Detection Limit Measurement Cycle Time

< 4.8 µg/m3 (2) (1 hour) (< 4.0 µg/m3 typical) (8-minute count time) < 1.0 µg/m3 (2) (24 hour) 1 hour

Flow Rate

16.67 liters/minute

Filter Tape Span Check Beta Source

Glass fiber filter Nominally 800 g/cm2 C-14 (carbon-14), 60 µCi ±15 µCi (< 2.22 X 106 Beq), Half-Life 5730 years

Beta Detector Type

Photomultiplier tube with scintillator

Operating Temp. Range

0° to +50°C

Ambient Humidity Range

0 to 90% RH, non-condensing

Humidity Control

Actively controlled inlet heater module

Approvals

U.S. EPA, MCERTS, CE, NRC, TUV, CARB, ISO 9001

Standard User Interface

4.3″ graphic color touch screen display

Analog Output

Two channels; 0-1, 0-2.5, 0-5 VDC

Serial Interface

One (1) full duplex RS-232, one (1) half duplex RS-485 serial port for PC or modem communications One (1) USB Type B serial port One (1) Ethernet port Two (2) RS-485 serial ports for sensor network

Alarm Contact Closure Compatible Software

1 channel; dry NO contact; 1 A at 125 VAC or 60 VDC maximum. Air PlusTM, CometTM, HyperTerminal®

Error Reporting

User-configurable. Available through serial port, display, and relay outputs

Memory

14,000 records (1.5 Years @ 1 record/hr)

Power Supply

100-240 VAC 50/60 Hz universal input; 12 VDC, 8.5 A output

Power Consumption

Unit: 12W; Heater: 100W/175W; Medo Pump 150W; GAST Pump 530W

Weight

19 kg (42 lbs) without external accessories

Unit Dimensions

H x W x D = 36.2cm x 48.3cm x 46.7cm (14.25″ x 19″ x 18″).
Specifications may be subject to change without notice.
Table 1-3 BAM 1020 Specifications

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SITE SELECTION AND INSTALLATION

2.1 Unpacking, Inspection, and Evaluation Testing
If any damage to the shipment is noticed before unpacking, a claim must be filed with the commercial carrier immediately. Notify Met One Instruments after notification of the commercial carrier.
Unpack the BAM 1020 and accessories and compare them to the packing list to make sure all of the required items are included for the type of installation planned. A separate quick setup guide with color photos of most of the common accessories will be included with this manual. Operators can use the quick setup guide to fully configure and operate the BAM 1020 on a test bench if desired.
The BAM 1020 is shipped with one or two white foam rings and a white plastic shim inside the front of the BAM 1020, which prevent the moving parts of the tape control assembly from being damaged during transit. The rings and shim should be replaced when the BAM 1020 is being transported in order to avoid damaging the tape control mechanism. Do not ship or transport the BAM 1020 with filter tape installed. Met One Instruments, Inc. recommends keeping the special shipping box and foam packing material which the BAM 1020 came in as they could be re-used if the BAM 1020 needs to be transported to another site or returned to the factory for any reason.
2.2 Enclosure Selection and Temperature Control
The BAM 1020 monitor is not weatherproof. It is designed to be mounted in a weatherproof, level, low vibration, dust free, and temperature-stable environment where the operating temperature is between 0o C and +50o C, and where the relative humidity is non-condensing and does not exceed 90%. There are two standard configurations described below for providing a weatherproof location in which to install the BAM 1020. Please contact Met One Instruments, Inc. for advice if there is a need to use a non-standard mounting or enclosure configuration.
1. A walk-in shelter or building: These are usually semi-portable pre- fabricated shelters or portable trailers with a flat roof, or a room in a permanent building or structure. The BAM 1020 may be placed on a workbench or mounted in an equipment rack. The inlet tube of the BAM must extend up through a hole in the roof of the structure with appropriate sealing hardware. AC power must be available. Instructions for this type of installation are included in this section of this manual.
2. BX-902/903/906 mini weatherproof enclosures: these small pre-fabricated enclosures are just big enough for the BAM and related accessories and are installed on the ground or on the roof of a larger building. They are available with a heater (BX-902), or with a heater and air conditioner (BX-903). A dual-unit air conditioned mini shelter is also available (BX-906). These enclosures are all specified by Met One to accept the BAM 1020, and are supplied with a supplemental installation manual.
Shelter Temperature Control Notes: The air temperature inside a BAM shelter or enclosure is not required to be regulated to any specific narrow range or set point (such as 25 °C), subject to the following caveats:
1. The shelter temperature must stay between 0 and 50 °C inside at all times or alarms and failures may result. Remember that the vacuum pump and inlet heater can contribute significantly to shelter heating.

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2. The exact shelter temperature within the 0-50 °C range is not critical. However, temperature changes during the measurement cycle can lead to measurement artifacts. These artifacts, when present tend to present only during hourly measurements and are generally insignificant when daily averages are calculated.
3. BAM 1020 users in hot climates where the ambient temperature exceeds 40 °C should consider using the model BX-903 air conditioned mini shelter or an air conditioned walk-in shelter to avoid over-heating the BAM 1020.
4. The portion of the inlet tube inside of the shelter or building should always be adequately insulated. This is especially important when the equipment is operated under conditions of high ambient dew point. Otherwise condensation could occur inside the sampling tube and/or measurement artifacts could result. If this proves to be an issue, the user may consider increasing the temperature inside the shelter to a point closer to ambient temperature. The BAM 1020 should not be placed directly in the path on an air conditioning vent.
2.3 Site Selection and Inlet Positioning Criteria
Met One Instruments, Inc. recommends checking for local regulations and guidance documentation that may exist before selecting the site in which to install the BAM 1020. For example, US-EPA provides a variety guidance documents where site selection issues are addressed. Such guidance and regulation may provide information concerning:
1. Inlet height
2. Spacing and clearance
3. Proximity to particulate sources, both mobile and stationary
4. Additional siting criteria or considerations
These details should be understood before selecting a site.
2.4 Mounting Options in a Walk-In Shelter
When the BAM 1020 is to be located in a walk-in shelter, it may be installed in either an equipment rack or on a bench top. Take the following into account when planning the mounting:
· Rear Access: It is important to leave plenty of access to the rear of the BAM 1020 for wiring connections and maintenance. At least five inches is required. Full access to the back is recommended whenever possible. There must be adequate access to the power switch located on the back of the instrument.
· Top Access: It is necessary to have a minimum of eight inches clearance between the top of the BAM 1020 inlet receiver and the bottom of the shelter ceiling to accommodate the smart inlet heater.
· Mobile Shelters: If the BAM 1020 is being installed into an equipment rack in a mobile trailer or van, then additional care should be taken to ensure that the mounting can handle the additional strain. The foam shipping rings must also be inserted any time a mobile shelter is moved with the BAM 1020 inside.

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· Rack Modifications: It is usually necessary to modify the top plate of the equipment rack by cutting a 2 inch diameter (75mm) hole to allow the inlet tube to extend through to the ceiling. The BAM 1020 dimensional drawings below show the location of the inlet. Note: The inlet heater installs onto the inlet tube two inches above the top of the inlet receiver of the BAM 1020. If the BAM 1020 is to be mounted in a rack, it will be necessary to leave extra room above the BAM 1020 in the rack for the heater, or to make the hole in the top of the rack larger in order to clear the heater diameter. The heater is supplied with a foam insulation sleeve which may be modified as needed. Make sure these parts are going to fit before installing the BAM 1020.
2.5 BAM 1020 Installation Instructions
When installing the BAM 1020 into a shelter or structure the following issues should be taken into consideration.
1. Roof Modifications: Determine the exact location where the BAM inlet tube will pass through the roof of the shelter and drill a 2 ¼” or 2 ½” (60mm) diameter hole through the roof at that location. Make sure the hole is directly above where the inlet receiver is to be located, so the inlet tube will be perfectly vertical. A plumb weight is useful for determining where to locate the hole. Note that the inlet receiver on the BAM 1020 is slightly off- center! BX-902/903 mini shelters do not require any roof drilling.
2. Waterproof Roof Flange: Apply all-weather silicone caulking around the top of the hole and install the BX-801 roof flange onto the hole. The threaded barrel of the flange is usually installed downward. Secure the flange in place with four lag bolts or self-tapping screws (not supplied). Caulk around the screws to prevent leaks. Apply Teflon tape to the threads of the gray plastic watertight fitting and screw it into the roof flange tightly. BX-902/903 mini shelters come with a roof flange installed, and only need the watertight fitting. Note: Some users prefer to fabricate their own roof flange instead of using the one supplied by Met One Instruments, due to factors such as high snow loading or a sloped roof. Equipment damage from a leaking roof is not covered under warranty.
3. Inlet Tube Installation and Alignment: Remove the threaded cap and rubber seal from the watertight inlet tube seal assembly. This makes it easier to install the inlet tube since the rubber seal is a tight fit. Lower the inlet tube through the flange assembly and into the inlet receiver on the BAM 1020, making sure that the inlet tube is fully seated. It is very important for the inlet tube to be perpendicular to the top of the BAM 1020. The nozzle may bind if the inlet is misaligned. A simple check is to rotate the inlet tube back and forth by hand before tightening the roof flange seal or the BAM 1020 inlet set screws. If the inlet tube is straight, then the tube should rotate fairly easily while inserted into the BAM 1020. If it does not rotate, check the inlet tube for vertical alignment or move the BAM 1020 slightly.
The optional BX-824 Inlet Slip Coupler Kit is a quick disconnect inlet tube accessory for BAM1020. it allows the BAM to be removed from its installation w/o loosening the roof seal in areas where the seal is inaccessible. It consists of an 80687 short inlet tube and an 80688 slip coupler. The coupler can be slipped down the short tube to disconnect it from the bottom of the main inlet tube for BAM removal.
It is always recommended that the exposed portion of the inlet tube inside the shelter be insulated.

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4. Smart Inlet Heater Installation: Before tightening the inlet tube in place, the BX-827 or BX830 smart inlet heater (used on most BAM 1020 monitors) must be installed onto the tube. Lift the inlet tube out of the top of the BAM 1020, and pass the tube through the hole in the heater body (the cable end is the bottom). Then re-insert the inlet tube into the BAM. Position the bottom of the smart heater unit two inches above the top of the inlet receiver on the BAM, and securely tighten the two set screws in the heater to fasten it to the tube.
Included with the smart heater is a 12″ tube of white insulation. The tube is split down its length for easy application. Wrap the insulation around the heater body and peel back the adhesive cover strip to secure in place. The insulation may be cut to fit if needed. The insulation sleeve provides more consistent heating, and prevents items from coming into contact with the hot heater body.
5. Smart Heater Electrical Connections: All generations of the BX-827/830 Smart Heater have the same 3-pin metal power connector. The Smart Heater connector plugs into the 3-pin connection of the external heater relay enclosure mounted on the back panel. An A/C power cord connects to the relay enclosure via a power entry module. The relay located inside the heater relay enclosure is controlled by the 12VDC heater control signal.
Warning! The heater relay controls live AC line voltage to the 3-pin socket. Treat the 3-pin socket like a live power outlet whenever power is applied. Do not open or service the heater relay enclosure or heater module when power is applied.
Warning! The Smart Heater has triple redundant safety features to prevent overheating, but the heater surface temperature can exceed 70 degrees C during high humidity conditions. Use the white insulation sleeve to prevent contact with the heater during operation.
Heater Connector

Heater Relay Enclosure AC Power Cable

Smart Heater Back Panel Connection
6. Tightening the Inlet: After the inlet tube is aligned and the heater installed, slide the black rubber seal and cap down over the top of the inlet tube and into the roof flange. It is easier if the rubber seal is wetted with water first. Tighten the plastic cap. Tighten the two set screws in the top of the BAM 1020 inlet receiver.

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7. Inlet Support Struts: The BX-801 inlet kit comes with two angled aluminum struts to support the inlet tube above the roof and prevent the inlet from moving in the wind. These struts are typically fastened (about 90 degrees apart) to the inlet tube with a supplied hose clamp. The bottom ends of the struts should be fastened to the roof with lag bolts (not supplied). Some installations may require different methods or hardware for supporting the inlet tube. Support the tube in the best manner available. The BX-902/903 mini shelters do not require inlet tube supports.

8. Temperature Sensor Installation: BAM 1020 units are supplied with a BX-598 (AT) or BX597A (AT/BP/RH) sensor, which attaches to the inlet tube above the roof. The sensor cable must route into the shelter to be attached to the BAM. Use a waterproof cable entry point or weatherhead if the shelter has one. The BX-902/903 mini shelters have a cable entry on the side. Route the cable into the shelter in the best manner available. In some cases, it may be necessary to simply drill a 3/8″ hole through the roof a few inches away from the inlet tube, route the cable through the hole and caulk it to prevent leaks. The BX- 597A sensor attaches directly to the inlet tube with a supplied U-bolt.

An optional digital shelter temperature sensor (83388) is available to monitor/log enclosure/room temperature.

Connect the cable to the Sensor Network on the back panel of the BAM 1020 as follows.

BX-597A Temp/RH/Pressure

Sensor

Terminal

Cable Wire

Block

Color

Shield

White/Brown

Gnd

Black

RS485 –

White

RS485 +

Orange

DC Power

Red

BX-598 Temp Sensor or

83388 Room Temp Sensor

Terminal Cable Wire

Block

Color

Shield

White/Brown

Gnd

Black

RS485 –

White

RS485 +

Yellow or

Orange

DC Power

Red

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9. Wind Sensors: The AIO 2 or MOS-485 wind sensors may also be connected to the Sensor Network. These sensors must be configured with address 2 in conjunction with a BX-597A or BX-598 temperature sensor (See section 2.7). Wind sensors must be mounted to avoid any possible wind obstructions caused by the BAM inlet components. Reference sensor manuals for mounting options.

AIO 2 Sensor

Terminal

Cable Wire

Block

Color

Shield

White/Brown

Gnd

Black & Green

RS485 –

Grey

RS485 +

Yellow

DC Power

Red

MSO-485 Sensor

Terminal

Cable Wire

Block

Color

Shield

White/Brown

Gnd

Black & Green

RS485 –

Brown

RS485 +

White

DC Power

Red

10. Inlet Separator Heads: For PM10 monitoring, the BX-802 Size-Selective Inlet is installed directly onto the inlet tube with no cyclone. To configure the BAM 1020 for PM2.5 monitoring, install the PM2.5 size fractionator below the PM10 head as shown below. Use O-ring lubricant as needed. Met One Instruments offers a variety of PM2.5 fractionators for use with the BAM 1020.
11. Inlet Tube Grounding: The two ¼”-20 set screws located in the inlet receiver of the BAM should create a ground connection for the inlet tube to prevent static electricity from building up on the inlet tube under certain atmospheric conditions. This is also important in areas near electromagnetic fields, high voltage power lines, or RF antennas. Check the connection by scraping away a small spot of the clear anodizing near the bottom of the inlet tube and use a multimeter to measure the resistance between this spot and the “CHASSIS” ground connection on the back of the BAM 1020. It should measure only a couple of Ohms or less if a good connection is made with the set screws. If not, remove the set screws and run a ¼-20 tap through the holes. Then reinstall the screws and check the electrical resistance again. Note: Anodized aluminum surfaces are non-conductive.
12. Pump Location and Installation: The best location for the vacuum pump is often on the floor under the rack or bench, but it may be located up to 25 feet away if desired. It may be preferable to locate the pump so that noise is minimized if the BAM 1020 is in an area where personnel are present. If the pump is to be enclosed, ensure that it will not overheat. The Gast pumps have a thermal shutdown inside which may trip if overheating occurs. Route the clear 10 mm air tubing from the pump to the back of the BAM 1020, and insert it firmly into the compression fittings on both ends. The tubing should be cut to the proper length and the excess tubing saved.
The pump is supplied with a 2-conductor signal cable which the BAM 1020 uses to turn the pump on and off. Connect this cable to the terminals on the back of the BAM 1020 marked “CONTROL.” The end of the cable with the black ferrite filter goes toward the BAM. Connect the Black wire to the “Pump Black” terminal and the Red wire to the “Pump Red” terminal. Connect the other end of the cable to the two terminals on the pump.

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There are two pump types available for the BAM 1020. The Gast rotary vane pumps are louder and draw considerably more power than the Medo linear piston pumps, but have better vacuum capacity, especially at higher altitude or in 50 Hz applications. The Medo pumps are smaller, quieter, and more efficient, but aren’t recommended for 50 Hz use.
13. Optional Connections: Newer data loggers often interface to the BAM 1020 using the digital serial ports for better accuracy. Information about this is also found in Section 7. Met One can also supply additional technical bulletins on the subject.
The BAM 1020 has a variety of other connections: Alarm relay, analog outputs, Ethernet and serial port connections located on the back as shown in Figure 2-5 below. These items are described in Section 7 of this manual.

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Figure 2-1 Typical BAM 1020 Installation in a Walk-in Shelter BAM 1020-9805 Manual Rev G

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Figure 2-2 Typical BAM 1020 Installation in a BX-902 Mini Enclosure

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Figure 2-3 BAM 1020 Mounting Dimensions

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Figure 2-4 BAM 1020 Transport Plate

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Figure 2-5 BAM 1020 Rear Panel Connections

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2.6 BAM 1020 Power and Electrical Service
The BAM 1020 uses internal 12VDC motors for the tape control system. The external 12VDC power supply accepts 100-240VAC at 50-60Hz. The external vacuum pump and inlet heater are AC powered and voltage-specific. Note: The vacuum pump power cord is hardwired and may need to be replaced or adapted to match local outlet types outside of North America.

Warning: The shelter and/or electrical service must be wired for the correct voltage and frequency in accordance with local electrical codes. Running the vacuum pump or inlet heater on incorrect line voltage or frequency will cause improper operation.

The current draw of the system varies considerably depending on optional accessories and environmental conditions. A dedicated 15 Amp electrical circuit is generally adequate to run a single complete BAM 1020 system, unless a large air conditioner is on the same circuit. Consult a qualified electrician if unsure. A summary of some worst-case loads is given below:

Model BAM 1020 BX-126 BX-121 BX-122 BX-827 BX-830 BX-902B BX-903 BX-904/906

Description BAM 1020 only, 120V, worst case with tape transport motors running. Medo Linear Piston Pump, 120V, 60Hz, at 16.67 L/min through clean tape. Gast Rotary Vane Pump, 120V, 60Hz, at 16.67 L/min through clean tape. Gast Rotary Vane Pump, 230V, 50Hz, at 16.67 L/min through clean tape. Smart Inlet Heater, 120V, 60Hz, running at 100% high RH duty cycle. Smart Inlet Heater, 230V, 50Hz, running at 100% high RH duty cycle. Shelter One Mini Shelter, 120V, worst case with shelter heater ON Ekto Mini Shelter, 120V, 2000 BTU air conditioner. Ekto Mini Shelter, 120V, 4000 BTU air conditioner.
Table 2-1 BAM 1020 Power Requirements

Amps 1.02A 1.25A 4.44A 2.30A 0.85A 0.76A 4.2A 7.4A 13.5A

Wattage 12W 150W 530W 530W 100W 175W 500W 586W 1172W

Notes:

· The BAM transport motors only run for a few seconds each per hour. Quiescent BAM current is 760mA. · The vacuum pump runs for either 42 or 50 minutes per hour. Startup inrush current is higher. · Smart Heater wattage drops to idle at 20% (120V) or 6% (230V) when filter RH is below 35%. · The BX-902B shelter heater is usually off whenever shelter temp is over 40 degrees F and can be disabled. · Values are based on measurements or best available information. Additional information is available from Service.

Fuse: There is one 5x20mm, 2.0A, 250V SLO BLO fuse in an inline fuse holder located inside the BAM 1020 near the power switch. It can be accessed by removing the BAM 1020 enclosure cover.

Power Outages and Battery Backup: Any momentary AC power outages will reset the BAM 1020 CPU and prevent data collection for the sample hour. The BAM 1020 may be plugged into a PC-style uninterruptible power supply (UPS) battery back-up unit to prevent this. A UPS of at least 300 Watts is usually sufficient. The vacuum pump does not need to be connected to the UPS, because the BAM 1020 can compensate for short pump flow outages of less than 1 minute duration. If the pump is to be backed up, then a much larger UPS wattage is required.

Chassis Ground: Connect the ground marked “CHASSIS GROUND” on the back of the BAM 1020 to an earth ground point using the green/yellow ground wire supplied with the BAM 1020. A copper earth-ground rod is recommended. The chassis ground is primarily for added RFI/EMI noise immunity. The power cord also uses the standard electrical safety ground.

2.7 Configuring External Sensors
The BAM 1020 must have a BX-597A or BX-598 sensor connected and properly configured for operation. If the sensor is not present, the BAM 1020 will not begin sampling.

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2.7.1 Configuring the BX-597A / BX-598 Sensor
The BAM 1020 requires the sensor at address 1 of its serial network to begin sampling. Once the physical connections are made (see section 2.5), the sensor is programmed using the Digital Link screen located in the Test Menu 2 (see section 3.5).

Upon entering the Digital Link screen, any digital sensor connected to the BAM 1020 with address 1 or 2 will appear in either the Sensor 1 or Sensor 2 fields, as appropriate. In addition to the sensor type, the address fields on this screen also display the firmware currently installed in the sensor. This screen (right) shows a two sensor configuration.
Figure 2-6 Digital Link Screen
The State field indicates that the BAM 1020 is either starting up digital communications or waiting for a response from the sensor. If firmware revision is missing or incorrect, communications are not properly established with the sensor. The SETUP button provides access to the Digital Setup screen for configuring the addresses of the digital sensors. See section 2.7.2 for details.
2.7.2 Changing Sensor Addresses The default address for most digital sensors provided by Met One Instruments, Inc. is to set the address to 1.

If a connected sensor has an address other than 1 or 2, it can be located in the Digital Setup screen by pressing the SCAN button. The digital sensor network will scan through all potential network address nodes in an attempt to locate any connected devices. Progress of this scan can be seen in the third address field label (which displays Addr 3, by default) and the word “Scanning” will appear in the field itself.

Figure 2-7 Scanning for Sensors

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If a device is located at some other address, it can be changed by pressing CHANGE button next to the third address field. In the example shown to the right here, the BX-597A has been configured for address 14. Pressing the SET 1 button will update the address in the sensor to address number 1 and exit back to the main Digital Link screen. The Sensor 1 field will now display the BX- 597A details similar to the image in section 2.7.1.

Figure 2-8 Change Address

If two sensors share the same address, disconnect one of them and then use the CHANGE button to set the other one to a different address. Remember that the BX-597A / BX-598 must be configured for address number 1 and if an optional wind sensor is connected, it will need to be set to number 2.

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USER INTERFACE

This section describes the BAM 1020 user interface system, and explains the functions of the main menu options, including how to view data and errors.

Figure 3-1 The BAM 1020 User Interface
The BAM 1020 user interface is a touchscreen display used to control almost all of the features and functionality of the BAM 1020. It is mounted on the back side of the front door assembly with access to the display granted through a cutout on the door panel as shown in Figure 3-1.

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3.1 Main Operating Screen
In addition to the last hourly concentration reading, this screen shows the current real-time values being measured and the operational state of the BAM 1020. The upper left image in Figure 3-2 is the screen that will normally be displayed.

Figure 3-2 The BAM 1020 Main Operating Screens
Note that the display has a limited amount of space and cannot show all of the real time data on one screen. Tap down arrow key in the lower left corner of the display to navigate between the four screens shown in Figure 3-2.
Note: A concentration value of 99.999 mg/m3 or 99999 ug/m3 is an invalid concentration measurement and is due to an appropriate alarm condition. It will also be displayed when initially starting the instrument until completion of the monitor’s first successful measurement sample.
Note: Returning to the Main Operating screen will place the unit in an ON and ready to sample at the top of the hour state. If the unit is in an OFF state and at some other screen the unit will return to the Main Operating screen 55-minutes after the last operator keypress. Leave the pinch rollers latched in the UP position if you do not want the unit to restart automatically. Warning: Do not forget to undo the latch before you leave the site!

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Table 3-1 describes the other parameters visible in the main sampling display as shown in Figure 3-2. In addition to the hourly and real-time average concentrations, these are all of the logged parameters in the BAM 1020:

Parameter

Description

PM2.5

The Inlet Type setting

1.2 ug/m3

The concentration at Actual conditions of the last hourly sample

Status

The current operational status or alarm condition of the monitor

ConcS

The concentration at Standard conditions of the last hourly sample

Flow

The sample air flow rate in Actual LPM

Membrane

Results of the last span membrane test

AT

BX-597A or BX-598 AT sensor reading

RH

BX-597A RH sensor reading

BP

BX-597A BP sensor reading

Filter Temperature Internal Filter Temperature after the filter tape

Filter RH

Internal Filter RH after the filter tape

Filter Pressure

Internal Filter Pressure after the filter tape

Inlet Heater

Current operating percentage of the inlet heating element

WS

MSO / AIO 2 wind speed sensor reading

WD

MSO / AIO 2 wind direction sensor reading

Table 3-1 Main Display Parameter Descriptions

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3.2 Menu Hierarchy and Navigation
The BAM 1020 menu structure is outlined in the following table.

Main Menu Operate See Section 3.3 Test See Section 3.4
Setup See Section 3.5
Alarms See Section 6.4

Sub Menu Options
Load Filter Tape Transfer Data About Change Log Conc Chart
Leak Test Ambient Temperature Ambient Pressure Flow Calibration Self-Test Filter Sensors Span Membrane Tape Sensors Inlet Heater Beta Counter Membrane Sensors Nozzle Sensors Digital Link Relay Output Analog Calibration Analog Output
Clock Sample Flow Calibration Inlet Heater Units Clear memory User Reports Alarms Station ID Met Average Analog Outputs Serial Port Modbus Ethernet Ethernet Config Sound Volume Touch Calibration Language
No sub menu

Overview
Load and properly tension the filter tape Download stored data to a USB memory stick Details the unit serial number and firmware revision number Displays changes to the monitor’s setting and calibration parameters Displays the hourly concentration for the last 24-hours in chart form
Perform the leak test Calibrate ambient temperature or restore default settings Calibrate ambient pressure or restore default settings Calibrate flow rate or restore default settings Run the Self-Test Calibrate filter temp, pressure, and RH or restore default settings Run the zero and span foil tests Verify proper operation of the sensors for tape positioning Manually turn the inlet heater on and off Verify beta counting Verify proper operation of the sensors for membrane positioning Verify proper operation of the sensors for nozzle positioning Verify and configure digital sensor network Manually open and close the alarm relay Calibrate the analog output Test the analog output
Set the date and time Set sample configuration Set the Standard Temp to use for standard conditions flow calculation Set background, Span membrane (ABS) value, and span periodicity Configure heater operation, set points, and RH thresholds Configure concentration and BP units Clear stored data and alarms Create Admin and individual User passwords to change parameters Set type of report and time stamp to start or end of hour Settings for concentration error, delta-P thresholds, and maintenance flag Set the location number used to identify the BAM 1020 Set averaging interval for collecting meteorological data Configure the parameters for both analog outputs Set the baud rate and connection type for serial communications Set the Modbus communication type and address Set or update Ethernet communication options View current Ethernet options and MAC address of the BAM 1020 Adjust the volume of the touchscreen sounds Calibrate the touch screen Select the language to display on the touch screen menus
View alarms

Table 3-2 Main Display Parameter Descriptions

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Menu selections and instructions are detailed in the following sections of this operating manual as detailed in the Main Menu column Table 3-2 above.

To access the various main menus, press the three horizontal lines in the top left corner. A drop down menu will appear (Figure 3-3) to allow selection of any of the four main menus. This option is available on all main menu screens (such as the Setup Menu shown in Figure 3-4) and on the main operating screen.

Figure 3-3 Main Menu Drop Down Selections

Figure 3-4 Setup Menu

To return to the main operating screen (see Section 3.1), press the Home icon located in the upper right corner of all main menu screens. This icon can clearly be seen in the Setup Menu image shown here on Figure 3-4.

To cancel an action and return to the previous menu screen, press the X icon located in the upper right corner of all sub menu screens. This icon can clearly be seen in the Set Clock screen image in Figure 3-5.

Figure 3-5 Set Clock Screen

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Figure 3-6 Visual Keypad for Numeric Entry

Some parameters, such as the Date and Time settings (Figure 3-5) or a Location value, require numeric entry. When a button is pressed to edit such a field, a visual keypad (Figure 3-6) will open up and provide a means to input the value. Press the OK key to accept the changes or the Cancel key to return to the previous screen. The X key on the far right performs a backspace operation. A similar screen also exists for letters and pick lists.

3.3 The OPERATE Menu
Selecting the Operate Menu from the menu selection drop list (see Figure 3-3) provides access to the most commonly used areas for normal operation of the BAM 1020 monitor. This will not interrupt the sample if already running.

3.3.1 Load Filter Tape

Figure 3-7 The Operate Menu

This menu option is used for filter tape installation. Load the tape and press the X key to go back to the Operate Menu. See Section 4.4 for details.

Figure 3-8 The Load Filter Tape Screen

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3.3.2 Transfer Data
Use this screen to copy data to a USB memory stick (flash drive). For compatibility, USB flash drives must be formatted with the FAT or FAT32 file system.

Figure 3-9 The Transfer Data Screen
The BAM 1020 can copy data files directly to a user-supplied USB flash drive. This drive must be installed in the USB Type A port located on the upper righthand corner of the transport plate (Figure 2-4). This USB port is not used for any other purpose. The Days field determines how many records you download. Enter the number of days between 0 and 999. Note: ALL DAYS is selected by entering a 0. The Files field determines which files to copy to the USB flash drive. The USER files (Settings, Alarms, Change Log, User Data) are ones which are used for all routine data collection purposes. The ALL option includes additional factory diagnostics files (Flow Stats, 5-Min Flow and Factory Diagnostics) which are only used if data is being sent to Met One Instruments for factory support.

Locate the USB slot on the transport plate and insert a USB memory stick.
Press the COPY button to copy the selected data to the USB memory stick.
When the COPY COMPLETE message is displayed, remove the USB memory stick and close the front door of the BAM 1020.

Figure 3-10 The Copy to USB Drive Screen

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3.3.3 About

This screen shows the monitor’s serial number and installed firmware revision. It also provides the firmware revision of the touchscreen display.

Figure 3-11 The About Screen

3.3.4 Change Log
This screen shows changes to the monitor’s setting and calibration parameters, and file transfers. The change log displays when a user changed a parameter, what the previous setting was before the change, and the current value it was changed to. Use the bottom arrows to scroll through parameter changes. If the Admin password and Users have not been set up, the change log will record admin as the user that made the change. See Section 3.5.8 for information on setting up Admin and User accounts to add to the change log.

Figure 3-12 The Change Log Screen

The change log can also be downloaded from the transfer data screen (Section 3.3.2) or obtained using the serial command RCL. See Section 7.3.3 for a description of using serial commands on a terminal program.

3.3.5 Conc Chart

This screen shows a chart of the previous 24 hourly concentration measurement. This makes it easy for operators to see any trends in recent concentration levels.

Figure 3-13 The Conc Chart Display

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3.4 The TEST Menu System ­ Overview
The BAM 1020 Test menus provide a means for testing the overall operational health of the monitor. They are used for performing diagnostic checks on the BAM 1020 sub-systems and can be invaluable for troubleshooting purposes. The following sections provide an overview of the screens used to perform calibrations and audits of various sensors, as well as some advanced diagnostics to resolve failures and errors.

Figure 3-14 The Test Menu

3.4.1 Leak Test
This screen provides the options and indications needed to perform a leak test of the sampling system. The pump control button in the lower left corner will read PUMP ON which indicates that pressing it will turn on the pump. Similarly, when the pump is running, this button will display PUMP OFF.
Use the LEAK ON button to lock the flow controller at its current value. This locks the flow controller in position and prevents it from rotating to regulate the flow.

Figure 3-15 The Leak Test Screen

The nozzle control button in the lower right corner will always be labeled as NOZZLE when first entering this test screen. Pressing it will cause the nozzle to change state from up to down or down to up. The button will now display what will happen if it is pressed again, just like the pump control button. This means that it will read NOZZLE UP if the nozzle is in the down position or NOZZLE DOWN if it is in the up position.
The Flow, Filter Pressure, and Nozzle fields are provided for reference when performing the leak test. See Section 6.3.5 for detailed instructions on performing a leak test.

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3.4.2 Ambient Temperature

This screen provides the options and indications needed to default, verify, and calibrate the ambient temperature sensor as part of the flow audit and calibration. See Section 6.3.7.1 for detailed instructions.
3.4.3 Ambient Pressure

Figure 3-16 The Ambient Temperature Screen

This screen provides the options and indications needed to default, verify, and calibrate the ambient pressure sensor as part of the flow audit and calibration. See Section 6.3.7.2 for detailed instructions.
3.4.4 Flow Calibration

Figure 3-17 The Ambient Pressure Screen

The Flow Calibration menu is where the important flow audits, checks, and calibrations are performed on the BAM 1020. See Section 6.3.7 for detailed instructions.

Figure 3-18 The Flow Calibration Screens

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3.4.5 Self Test
This screen provides a means to manually run the self-test sequence. Press X to exit once it is complete. See Section 4.5 for more details.
3.4.6 Filter Sensors

Figure 3-19 The Self Test Screen

Figure 3-20 The Filter Sensors Screens
These screens provide the options and indications needed to default, verify, and calibrate the filter temperature, filter humidity, and filter pressure sensors. See Section 6.2 for detailed instructions.

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3.4.7 Span Membrane
This screen provides a means to manually run the Span Membrane Test that occurs automatically either daily or during every sample period (see Span Check in Section 3.5.4). This test should be run if the BAM 1020 has been recording D errors (see Section 6.4).
Figure 3-21 The Span Membrane Screen
Each BAM 1020 is provided with its individual span membrane, and this mass is measured and displayed during this test. Compare the Measured Mass value from this test with the Span Membrane value on the calibration sheet for the BAM 1020. The values must match within 5% and will typically match within just a few micrograms. If not, the most common cause is a dirty membrane foil, which can be carefully cleaned with canned air or clean water rinse. Alcohol is not used because it leaves a film. Compact Disc cleaner works well for badly soiled membranes. Caution: The span membrane foil is a thin sheet of polyester and is fragile. It must be replaced if damaged. Contact the Service department for replacement instructions. The Status field indicates the state of the membrane position. The Zero Count (I1) value is the total beta count through the filter tape only. The Span Count (I2) value is the total beta count through both the filter tape and the membrane and should always be less than the I1 count. The Measured Mass value is the measured mass of the foil derived from the two count values. The Percent Error results show the amount of deviation of the Measured Mass from the Span Membrane setting value. Press the START button to begin the test cycle. Counting will immediately begin. After some time, the I1 count will stop, the membrane will extend, and the I2 count will begin. At the completion of the test, the counting will stop, and the mass of the membrane will be calculated. The length of the test is ~8 minutes. The Percent Error should be <+/- 5%.

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3.4.8 Tape Sensors

This screen provides a convenient location to verify, test, and troubleshoot the various optical sensors that monitor the mechanical movement and positioning of the filter tape.
The FORWARD and BACKWARD buttons move the tape forward or backward by one sample spot.

Figure 3-22 The Tape Sensors Screen

The states of the five photosensors that monitor all of the mechanical movement in the BAM 1020 tape transport assembly are displayed here. This is useful if the BAM 1020 has failed some of the Self-Test parameters. The sensors on this screen provide the following information:
Latched: This sensor shows the status of the pinch roller latch. If the rollers are latched in the UP position, then S9 should be ON. S9 should turn OFF if the latch is unhooked.
At Window: This photosensor indicates the rotation of the capstan shaft motor. This is the shaft under the rubber pinch rollers which drives the filter tape forwards and backwards. It normally will move the tape one sample spot (or one window). Press the FORWARD button to rotate the capstan counter-clockwise, and the BACKWARD button to rotate clockwise. The shaft should turn one-half of a rotation each time, moving the tape one window in the indicated direction. Photosensor S8 should turn ON to stop the shaft at each half-turn and will be OFF while the shaft is turning. It is helpful to put an ink mark on the end of the shaft to more easily observe the rotation.
To Supply Side: This photosensor monitors the position of the shuttle beam (the two outer tape rollers that move together). The status of photosensor S7 should only change to ON when the beam is moved all the way to the right (or supply tape spool) side. The shuttle must be moved by hand for this test. It rides on a ball slide and is not motor-driven. Note: This test may cause the filter tape to break. It should be removed before testing this sensor.
Tensioned and Tape Break: These photosensors monitor the position of the right-side springloaded tape tensioner. The tensioner must be moved by hand. When the tensioner is in the leftmost position under its spring pressure, both sensors S6 and S1 should be OFF. If the tensioner is moved to the middle of its travel, photosensor S1 should be ON and S6 OFF. When the tensioner is at the rightmost position, S1 and S6 should both be ON. These are the sensors which monitor tape breakage and tape tensioning. The left side tensioner assembly has no photosensors. Note: This test may cause the filter tape to break. It should be removed before testing this sensor.

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Pinch Roller Latch with latch photosensor
Capstan Shaft with motor and photosensor
Shuttle Beam connected to other side
Left Tensioner Idler no photosensors
Tape Take-Up Reel with motor

Nozzle with motor and two nozzle photosensors
Reference Membrane with motor and two photosensors (back side)
Shuttle Beam with shuttle photosensor
Right Tensioner Idler with tape break and tension photosensors
Tape Supply Reel with motor

3.4.9 Inlet Heater

Figure 3-23 The Tape Transport Assembly

This screen allows manual operation of the inlet heater assembly. Press ON to turn the heater on and verify the element heats up as expected. Press OFF to turn the heater off; verify it shuts off and then cools down. Exiting this test screen will also turn off the heater.

3.4.10

Beta Counter

Figure 3-24 The Inlet Heater Screen

This screen allows for testing of the beta detector and beta source. The length of one count test is determined by the Beta Count setting. See Section 3.5.2 for Beta Count settings.
Each count test will show the number of beta particles being counted as they accumulate. The final count total will stay on the display after the counting is finished.
Figure 3-25 The Beta Counter Screen
Up to ten count tests can be displayed on the screen at once. Count tests are performed with a clean section of filter tape between the source and detector, as in normal operation.

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Press the START button to start the count test. The count value on the screen will immediately begin to count rapidly if the detector is operational and unobstructed. Typical values for a 4-Minute Beta Count test through clean filter tape are between 600,000 and 1,100,000 counts. Typical values for an 8-minte Beta Count test through clean filter tape are between 1,200,000 to 2,200,000 counts. The count total will be lower if the membrane is extended. After the Beta Count time has elapsed the next Beta Count time will begin.
Dark Count Tests: A steel shim such as Met One Instruments part number 7438 can be placed between the beta source and detector to perform a dark count test. The shim blocks all beta particles, and only counts created by noise or cosmic rays will appear. If the total dark count value is more than 50 counts for a 4-minute test or 100 counts for an 8-minute test, contact the Met One Instruments service department for assistance. See Section 1.2 for Met One Service Department contact information. The length of one count test is determined by the Beta Count setting. See Section 3.5.2 for Beta Count settings.

3.4.11

Membrane Sensors

This screen tests the two photosensors which monitor the position of the reference membrane assembly. Pressing the EXTEND button extends the membrane out of the housing and positions it over the filter tape. The WITHDRAW button retracts it back into the housing. It takes a few seconds for the membrane to complete the full range of travel.

Figure 3-26 The Membrane Sensors Screen
When the EXTEND button is pressed, the membrane should extend and the S2 photosensor should turn ON while S3 should turn OFF. When the WITHDRAW button is pressed the membrane should withdraw and the S2 photosensor should be OFF and S3 ON. While the membrane is traveling, both S2 and S3 will be OFF.

3.4.12

Nozzle Sensors

The Nozzle Sensors screen is used to test the two photosensors which monitor the position of the nozzle assembly. Pressing the NOZ UP button raises the nozzle up away from the filter tape. The NOZ DOWN button lowers the nozzle until it seals against the tape.
The Status field indicates the current position of the nozzle as either UP or DOWN.
Figure 3-27 The Nozzle Sensors Screen
When the nozzle is in the UP position, the S4 photosensor will be ON and S5 will be OFF. Conversely, when the nozzle is in the DOWN position (as shown in Figure 3-27), S4 will be OFF and S5 will be ON.

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3.4.13

Digital Link

Test digital communications with the BX-597A / BX-598 sensor by using this screen. The Digital Link should indicate OK when the proper link is established.
See section 2.7 for details on how to configure the BX-597A / BX-598 sensor, as well as any optional wind sensors that may be connected.

3.4.14

Relay Outputs

This screen is used to test the Alarm relay on the back of the BAM 1020. The relay contact is Normally Open (NO).
Verify that the contact closure output on the back panel terminals responds accordingly using an Ohm-meter.

Figure 3-28 The Digital Link Screen Figure 3-29 The Relay Output Screen

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3.4.15

Analog Calibration

This screen allows for calibration of the two analog output channels.
The channel field defines whether output number one or two is being configured. Tap the green bordered Channel selection box to select the desired channel. The voltage range will be displayed in the Range value box. Use the Analog Outputs screen in the Setup menu to adjust this range. See Section 3.4.16.

Figure 3-30 The Analog Calibration Screen

After selecting the output channel, the Measure field may be adjusted to maximum or minimum value and the output of the channel confirmed. Just tap the green bordered Measure box and select the desired test output. Verify the actual output using a voltmeter at the appropriate channel terminals on the rear panel of the BAM 1020.
If the output is not correct, use the up and down arrow keys to modify the Adjust field. When the FINE/COARSE selection is set to FINE, units will be incremented by one. If it is set to COARSE, the units will be incremented in tens. Tap the button to swap between the two options.
Pressing the X key to exit the screen will save any adjustments that have been made. To clear any custom settings and restore the factory defaults, press the grey RESET button.
Note: This function is critical for all users of external analog data loggers. Measure the voltage all of the way to the input of the data logger. Every millivolt of error is a microgram of error! Make sure the logger is scaling the voltage correctly. In most cases 0.000V should scale as -0.015mg, and 1.000V should scale as 0.985mg. See Section 3.5.13.

3.4.16

Analog Output

To test the analog output channels, select channel number one or two on the top row marked Channel by pressing the green bordered Channel selection box.

Next, set the desired concentration level using the Conc Output field. Press the green bordered selection box and set the concentration value. It will need to be within the range configured range, typically between -15 and +985. See Section 3.5.13.

Figure 3-31 The Analog Output Screen

The Min Out and Max Out fields should match the zero and full scale values for the selected output. Between them is the Set Out field, which will update with the expected output based on the concentration selected in the Conc Output field. Verify the output on the back of the BAM 1020 matches the Set Out value shown using a voltmeter.

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Note: This function is critical for all users of external analog data loggers. Measure the voltage all of the way to the input of the data logger. Every millivolt of error is a microgram of error! Make sure the logger is scaling the voltage correctly. In most cases 0.000V should scale as -0.015mg, and 1.000V should scale as 0.985mg. See Section 3.5.13.
3.5 Setup Menu Description
The BAM 1020 uses a comprehensive system of setup menus which contain all of the settings and parameters needed to perform the measurement and operation of the BAM 1020. Most of these settings are set at factory default values, although some settings may be altered by the operator. This section describes the SETUP menu in detail and should be reviewed when the instrument is first put into service. Once set, most of the values in the SETUP menus will not need to be changed. The SETUP values will not be lost if the BAM 1020 is unplugged or powered down.
WARNING: Some of the settings in the SETUP menus are unit-specific calibration constants which must not be changed, or the accuracy and proper operation of the BAM 1020 may be affected.
Select the SETUP from the drop down selection (see Figure 3-3). The Setup Menu provides a choice of operations. Use the arrow keys to navigate to the desired field, then press the SELECT soft-key to enter.

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Figure 3-32 The Setup Menus BAM 1020-9805 Manual Rev G

3.5.1 Clock
This is the screen used to set the date and time. Edit each field as required. Once all fields have been entered, press the SET button to set the clock.
Figure 3-33 The Clock Screen
Note that time is configured as a 24-hour clock only. The lithium battery backup keeps the clock running during power-down. Met One Instruments, Inc. recommends a monthly check of the clock. Warning: The recommended time to set the clock when the BAM is sampling is between minute 30 and minute 40. Setting the clock outside this range may cause the BAM to sample past the top-of the hour. 3.5.2 Sample

The Sample screen is used to configure the various parameters that directly impact the air sample measurement.

Figure 3-34 The Sample Screen
Inlet Type: This setting helps users identify whether the BAM 1020 is collecting TSP, PM10, PM2.5 or PM1 data. Whichever option is selected sets the corresponding label to be displayed at the top of the main menu screen. This setting is for providing indication on the display only and does not impact any of the actual data collection or reports.
Conc Units: This setting determines the concentration units which the BAM 1020 displays. This can be set to g/m3 (micrograms) or mg/m3 (milligrams) per cubic meter. The default setting is mg/m3. Note: 1.000 mg = 1000 µg.
Beta Count: This value sets the number of minutes that the monitor will use to count the sample. See Section 5.1 for a description of the hourly cycle. The BAM Sample time must be set to correspond to the Beta Count value. If the BAM 1020 is used for PM2.5 FEM or EU PM2.5 monitoring, the BAM Sample must be set to 42 minutes with 8-minute Beta Count time. PM10 monitors are usually set for a 50-minute sample time with 4 minute count time.

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Count Time 4 minutes 8 minutes

BAM Sample 50 minutes 42 minutes

Used for PM10 monitoring (Higher “Lower Detection” limit) All PM2.5 FEM, EU PM2.5 monitoring, PM10 monitoring

Table 3-3 Typical Beta Count / BAM Sample Time Configurations

BAM Sample: This value sets the number of minutes per sample hour that the pump is ON. See Section 5.1 for a description of the hourly cycle. The BAM Sample time must be set to correspond to the Beta Count value as detailed in the Beta Count explanation above.

The BAM Sample setting has a range of 0-200 minutes for custom applications. If set for shorter period, such as 15 minutes, the pump will only sample for 15 minutes and then wait until the end of the hour before beginning a new cycle. This may not leave time for the membrane span check. Only one pump cycle per hour is allowed, regardless of duration. Setting the BAM SAMPLE value too long may cause the total measurement cycle to overlap into the next hour, so that the BAM 1020 only collects the concentration every second hour.

Cycle Mode:

Set the BAM 1020 to operate in either Early Cycle or Standard mode. See

Section 7.2.2 for details.

3.5.3 Flow

This screen allows the selection of the preferred Standard Temperature value. This is used to calculate the Standard Volume which is used to determine the Standard Concentration value shown on the main operate screen (see Section 3.1). The available options are 0, 20, and 25 C.
3.5.4 Calibration

Figure 3-35 The Flow Screen

This screen allows for setup of certain calibration values for the BAM 1020; the Background, Span Membrane (synonymous to ABS), and Span Check frequency.
There is also an ADVANCED sub menu here that should only be accessed under the direction of Met One Instruments, Inc.

Figure 3-36 The Calibration Screen

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Background:

Background is used to compensate for measured mass concentration output in

the absence of PM. It is determined by performing the zero test with the BX-302 Zero Filter (see

Section 6.9). With a properly set Background value, a BAM 1020 making multiple readings of air with

zero PM should read, on average, 0 g/m3. Regardless of the concentration unit setting (see Section

3.5.4), the background is always entered in mg/m3.

Span Membrane: The Span Membrane is the factory-set expected mass of the reference membrane foil used during the automatic span check. This expected value is compared to the measured value either hourly or daily (see Span Check below). Each unit’s Span Membrane value is different, but is typically near 0.800 mg/cm2. The Span Membrane value is never changed by the operator unless the span membrane foil is replaced due to damage.

Span Check:

This setting determines how often the BAM 1020 performs the automatic span

membrane check. If the value is set to 1 HR, the BAM measures and displays the span each hour

(see Section 3.1). If this value is set to 24 HR, then the BAM will only perform the span check once

per day during the sample hour beginning at midnight and during any sample hour following a power

failure. The resulting value will be displayed throughout the rest of the day. If this value is set to OFF,

the span check will be disabled entirely.

ADVANCED: The ADVANCED button provides access to the factory set parameters of the KFactor and Usw. These should never be changed without the guidance of the Met One Instruments, Inc. service department.
WARNING: Altering these values voids the factory calibration and will invalidate all data collected by the BAM 1020.
Figure 3-37 The Advanced Calibration Screen
A warning screen will pop up when the ADVANCED button is pressed indicating that changing these parameters will void the calibration.
K-Factor: This is an instrument specific calibration factor for the BAM 1020 concentrations. It is determined during the calibration process by running the BAM 1020 against a calibration standard while both are sampling from a smoke chamber over a wide variety of concentrations. The values will typically range from 0.9 to 1.1.
µsw: This is called the mu-switch value and is the factory-set mass absorption coefficient used by the BAM 1020 in the concentration calculations. The value is typically around 0.3 and may vary slightly from one BAM 1020 to the next.
3.5.5 Inlet Heater This menu is used to configure the settings used by the BAM 1020 to control the Smart Inlet Heater. The BAM 1020 uses an RH sensor located below the filter tape in the sample air stream to monitor the conditions of the air as it is being sampled. If the measured relative humidity of the sampled air stream is higher than about 50% then PM measurements might be skewed higher than those of a collocated reference sampler. The Smart Heater can reduce this effect by actively heating the inlet tube by warming the sampled air stream whenever the RH value measured downstream of the filter tape exceeds a user selectable value.

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These are the default settings for the Smart Heater. Unless there is a compelling reason to change them, it is highly recommended to leave these settings at their default values.

Figure 3-38 The Inlet Heater Menu

RH Set point:

This is the relative humidity level that the filter will be regulated at or below by the

inlet heater. This value must be set to 35% for the version of the BAM 1020 employing the smart

heater when operated as a PM2.5 US-EPA designated federal equivalent method. The RH set point is

set to 45% for European (EU) PM2.5 units and may be either 35% or 45% for PM10 units. The RH set

point is otherwise adjustable from 0% to 99%.

Low Power:

This is the power level of the smart heater when the Filter RH value is below the

FRH setpoint. A 20% setting should be used for 115 VAC heater (BX-827) and 6% for 230 VAC

heater (BX-830).

It should be noted that the relative humidity downstream of the filter tape will typically not be the same as the ambient relative humidity. Relative humidity is a measure of how much moisture the air is holding compared to how much moisture the air can hold (dew point) and is strongly temperature dependent. For example, if the ambient relative humidity is 50% and the ambient temperature is 3°C, the relative humidity downstream of the filter tape would be about 22 % were the filter temperature 15°C, which means that the Smart Heater would not have to apply additional heat were the BAM 1020 to be operated inside of a temperature-controlled enclosure set to maintain an instrument temperature of about 20 °C in order to maintain the filter temperature RH value of 35%.

3.5.6 Units

The Concentration and Pressure units are selected here.
The Conc Units are ug/m3 and mg/m3.
The Pres Units are mmHg and kPa.

Figure 3-39 The Units Screen

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3.5.7 Clear Memory

Figure 3-40 The Clear Memory Screens
The alarm and data logs may be cleared from this screen. Press CLEAR DATA button to clear the data logs (Data, Flow Stats, and 5-Min Flow files) or press the CLEAR ALARM button to clear the alarm log. A confirmation screen will appear to confirm clearing the selected memory log (see Figure 3-40). Press the CLEAR button to proceed with clearing the data or alarm logs. Press the X in the upper right corner to cancel the operation without erasing the memory.

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3.5.8 Reports
The BAM 1020 offers three different CSV (comma-separated values) report types; Standard, Generation 2, and China HJ 653. The selected report is available from the USB, RS-232, TCP/IP serial ports, or the USB flash drive.
The Protocol Type selection, STANDARD or GENERATION 2, determines the available report types (see Section 3.5.14).

The Time Stamp field can be set to mark the collected data with the time from either the beginning or ending of the sample period. For example, if set to BEGINNING, data collected during the hour from 08:00 to 09:00 would be marked as 08:00. Similarly, if that data were collected with ENDING as the choice, the data time stamp would be 09:00 instead. The default setting for Time Stamp is ENDING. The BEGINNING setting only works when the Met Average period is set to 1 HR (see Section 3.5.12).

Figure 3-41 The Report Setup Screen

3.5.8.1 Standard Report If backwards compatibility is needed use the Generation 2 reports.

Press the VIEW button to view the active report parameter list.
The STANDARD report is active when the Protocol Type selection is STANDARD.

Figure 3-42 The Standard Report

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The following is the description of each Standard report parameter.

Parameter

Description

Time

The beginning or ending Time Stamp (Figure 3-43) of the data record being reported. The Standard report time format is yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.
The Generation 2 and HJ 653 report time format is MM/dd/yy HH:mm.

Conc(mg/m3)

The sample mass concentration at actual temperature and barometric pressure conditions.
Concentration Units (Figure 3-39) are either ug/m3 or mg/m3.

ConcS(mg/m3) The sample mass concentration at Standard Temperature (Figure 3-35) and barometric pressure conditions (760 mmHg).
Concentration Units are either ug/m3 or mg/m3.

Qtot(m3)

Total air sample volume for the BAM Sample period (Figure 3-34) at actual temperature and barometric pressure conditions.

QtotS(m3)

Total air sample volume for the BAM Sample period at Standard Temperature and barometric pressure conditions (760 mmHg).

Flow(lpm)

The average flow rate for the BAM Sample period.

WS(m/s)

The average wind speed for the MET Sample period (Figure 3-53). Requires the AIO 2 or MSO-584 WS/WD type sensor.

WD(Deg)

The vector average wind direction for the MET Sample period. Requires the AIO 2 or MSO-584 WS/WD type sensor.

AT(C)

The average ambient temperature for the MET Sample period. Requires the BX598 or BX-597A type sensor.

RH(%)

The average ambient RH for the MET Sample period. Requires a BX-597A sensor.

BP(mmHg)

The average ambient barometric pressure for the MET Sample period. Pressure Units (Figure 3-39) are either mmHg or kPa.

FT(C)

The average filter temperature for the BAM Sample period.

FRH(%)

The average filter RH for the BAM Sample period.

Memb(mg/cm2) The Span Membrane measurement during the BAM Sample period.

Status

The Alarm status (Section 6.4) for the MET Sample period.

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3.5.8.2 Generation 2 Menu
The Generation 2 report options replicate the reports available in the previous BAM 1020 (Generation 2). They are included here to provide backwards compatibility with previous monitors. Met One Instruments, Inc. recommends using the Standard Report if this compatibility is not required for data collection purposes.

Press the GEN-2 button on the Report Setup screen to display the Generation 2 menu selection. The GEN-2 button is only active when the Protocol Type selection is GENERATION 2. Use these menu items to configure the Generation 2 and China HJ 653 reports.

3.5.8.3 Report Types
There are two (2) Report Types: GENERATION 2 and CHINA HJ 653. These reports are only available when the Protocol Type is set to GENERATION 2. These reports are available for backward compatibility to the previous BAM 1020 (Generation 2).
Press the VIEW button to show the GENERATION 2 or CHINA HJ 653 report format.

Figure 3-43 The Generation 2 Menu Figure 3-44 The Report Type Setup

Figure 3-47 The Generation 2 Report is an example of the GENERATION 2 report format.

Figure 3-45 The Generation 2 Report

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Figure 3-48 The China HJ 653 Report is an example of the CHINA HJ 653 report type format. This report will format the data to match the Chinese National Standards on Environmental Protection document HJ 653-2013.
3.5.8.4 Concentration Setup

Figure 3-46 The China HJ 653 Report

These settings configure the concentration parameters.

Figure 3-47 The Concentration Setup Screen
Conc Type: Sets the Concentration (Conc) Type to be reported using either ACTUAL (Conc) or STANDARD (ConcS) sample volume conditions.
In the case of the HJ 653 report it sets the order of the Concentration Type (ACTUAL or STANDARD) to be reported. The HJ 653 report format (Figure 3-48) above is for the Conc Type set to ACTUAL.
Conc Range: Sets the upper end of the Concentration Range for the report.
The selections are: 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, or 10000 ug/m3.
Conc Offset: Sets the lower end of the Concentration Range for the report.
The selections are: -15, -10, -5, 0, or 5 ug/m3.
For example, if the Range is 1000 and the Offset is -15 then the maximum possible concentration value reported will be 985 (1000 – 15) and the minimum possible concentration value reported will be -15. A concentration value of 1104 ug/m3 will be reported as 985 ug/m3. A concentration value of -19 ug/m3 will be reported as -15 ug/m3.
Dynamic Range: Sets the Dynamic Range of the concentration conversion to either STANDARD or EXTENDED. The EXTENDED range is automatically selected when the CHINA HJ 653 Report Type is selected. The STANDARD conversion is 4095 over the Conc Range setting. The EXTENDED conversion is 65535 over a fixed concentration range of 10000 ug/m3. The reported concentration resolution is Concentration Range divided by Dynamic Range. For example, the resolution of 10000 / 4095 is 2.4 ug/m3. The resolution of 10000 / 65535 is 0.15 ug/m3.

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3.5.8.5 Logger Setup
The channels of the Logger Setup represent the analog inputs on the rear panel or software assignments of the Generation-2 BAM 1020. The channel assignments shown are typical for a Generation-2 BAM 1020. The XXXXX(XXX) report parameter represents a log channel selection of NONE.
3.5.9 Alarms
The Alarms setup screen provides options for defining the behavior of certain alarms. Specifically, it allows users to determine the threshold for the filter tape pressure alarm, how a concentration error is recorded, and the ability to manually set and remove the maintenance flag.

Figure 3-48 The Setup Logger

Figure 3-49 The Alarms Screen

Filter Pressure: This is the maximum amount of increase in pressure drop which is allowed to occur across the filter tape due to heavy dust loading, before the “P” alarm will be generated. Setting this parameter higher will allow more dust to accumulate before the sample is terminated but may cause flow regulation problems. See the pressure-drop alarm description in Section 6.2. The default setting of 150 mm Hg is correct for most applications using the standard Medo or Gast pumps. Larger pumps can accommodate a higher Filter Pressure setting and higher dust loads while still being able to regulate the sample flow. The setting range is 0-500 mmHg.

Conc Error: This parameter determines what is displayed and reported whenever one of the major alarm types that affects the concentration calculation is present. Minor alarms such as E, U, R, P, or D do not trigger this behavior and will still record the actual concentration value. There are three choices: FULL SCALE VALUE, MIN SCALE VALUE, and “ERROR” TEXT.

FULL SCALE VALUE The full scale concentration value (99.9999 mg/m3) will be displayed on the Main Operate screen, reported on all data reports, and output on the analog output terminals.

MIN SCALE VALUE

The minimum scale concentration value (-0.015 mg/m3) will be displayed

on the Main Operate screen, reported on all data reports, and output on the analog output

terminals.

“ERROR” TEXT

The full scale concentration value (99.9999 mg/m3) will be output on the

analog output terminals. The word ERROR will be displayed in place of the concentration

value on the Main Operate screen. The word ERROR will also be printed in place of the

concentration value in the CSV data reports.

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3.5.10

Station ID

The BAM 1020 may be identified with a numeric station ID number. The default value is 1 but any number from 1 to 999 may be set.

3.5.11

Met Average

Figure 3-50 The Station ID Screen

The averaging period for parameters other than concentration may be set to intervals shorter than one hour, if needed. The averaging interval is selected from this screen. The available average intervals are 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes or 1 HR (for a one hour average).
Figure 3-51 The Met Average Screens
Warning: This setting will affect how long the memory will last before getting full!

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There are 14000 records available in the memory. The memory capacity is shown below. When the memory gets full the BAM 1020 overwrites the oldest data. It is recommended that the MET SAMPLE period is set at the default value of 60 minutes unless a faster average is required for a particular met sensor application.

MET SAMPLE 60 min 30 min 15 min 10 min 5 min 1 min

Data Capacity 586 days 293 days 146 days 97 days 48 days 9 days

3.5.12

Analog Outputs

There are two analog output channels. They are located on the back panel as Analog Out 1 and Analog Out 2.
They represent the hourly concentration and standard concentration measurement, respectively. These two outputs are independently set to either 0-1.0, 0-2.5 or 0-5.0 VDC.

Figure 3-52 The Analog Output Screen
While the output voltage is set independently, there is only one concentration range setting (the Conc Range field) and it is applied to both channels. The Conc Range field can be set to 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, or 10000 g/m3. The default setting is 1000 ug/m3. The offset for the concentration range (Conc Offset) can be adjusted to -15, -10, -5, 0, 5 g/m3. It should be left at the default value of -15 ug/m3 for most applications.
Regardless of the concentration units setting, the scaling and offset is always entered in g/m3.

3.5.13

Serial Ports

There are serial connections on the back of the BAM 1020. Each one serves a unique purpose in the communication options available for the monitor and each one is configured separately.
The RS-232 connections will typically be used for direct connection to a PC or other RS-232 compatible device.
The RS-485 port will typically be used with the Met One CCS Modem option.

Figure 3-53 The Serial Port Screen

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The baud rate options are 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115,200. The default value is 115,200 baud.
Flow control may be required to compensate for slow or noisy Ethernet or modem connections. In these situations, the RS-232 serial connection can be configured to use XON/XOFF flow control. Flow control is set to NONE by default but can be changed using the Flow Control-232 selection box.
The Protocol Type selections are STANDARD and GENERATION 2.
Select the STANDARD protocol for the latest and most advanced serial command protocol.
Select the GENERATION 2 protocol to be compatible with the previous generation BAM 1020.
Protocol documents can be found on the BAM 1020 product webpage under ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION side bar.
See Section 7.3 for more details about serial communications.

3.5.14

Modbus

The BAM 1020 can use the RS-232 or RS-485 serial connections on the back panel for Modbus communications.
Use the Modbus Port field to set which ports will be the Modbus Slave Port:
Use the Modbus Address field to set a unique Modbus Slave address from 1 to 247.

3.5.15

Ethernet

Figure 3-54 The Modbus Screen

This screen allows for setting the IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Gateway, and DNS Server values to allow the BAM 1020 to communicate on a local area network using a standard Ethernet cable connected to a switch or router.
The values input here should be provided by the site IT department.
Figure 3-55 The Ethernet Screen
It is recommended to configure the BAM 1020 with a fixed IP address if using Ethernet communications. However, if needed, setting the IP address to 0.0.0.0 will configure the monitor for DHCP operation. The IP address port will always be 7500.

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3.5.16

Ethernet Config

This screen is used to view the current Ethernet settings of the BAM 1020. In addition to the IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, and DNS Server settings (see Section 3.5.16 for details on changing these values), the MAC Address of the BAM 1020 can also be viewed here. Be aware the IP address port will always be 7500.
Note that this screen is for display purposes only. No changes can be made on this screen.

3.5.17

Sound Volume

Figure 3-56 The Ethernet Config Screen

The touchscreen will beep every time a selection is made, and that volume may be adjusted in this screen. Set a value from 0 to 100 with 100 being very loud and 0 being no beep at all. Any changes made here will not be active until exiting this screen. The default setting is 10.

3.5.18

Touch Calibration

If the touchscreen response seems inaccurate, the screen calibration may be adjusted using this menu option. Press the CALIBRATE button to begin the calibration process and then follow the instructions on the screen.
A five second countdown is displayed on each step. If it reaches zero, the test will be cancelled, and the display will return to the Setup menu.

Figure 3-57 The Sound Volume Screen Figure 3-58 The Touch Calibrate Screen

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3.5.19

Set Language

The BAM 1020 provides language options for its interface display. Use this screen to set a preferred language supported.
3.6 Alarms Menu
This screen is used to view time-stamped alarm events. The most recent alarm will be displayed first. Use the up and down arrow keys located at the bottom of the screen to scroll through the alarm log.

Figure 3-59 The Set Language Screen Figure 3-60 The Alarms Menu

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INITIAL SETUP OF THE BAM 1020

This section describes the process for setting up and configuring the BAM 1020, as well as the basic steps required to put the BAM 1020 into operation. Some of the topics in this section will refer to other sections of this manual for more detailed information. It is assumed that the BAM 1020 is already installed and sited as described in Section 2. In some cases, it is useful to first set up the BAM 1020 on a test bench before deployment or installation in order to explore the functions and perform setups. The following steps for starting up the BAM 1020 are described in this section:
1. Power on and warm up.
2. Become familiar with the user interface.
3. Load a roll of filter tape.
4. Perform a Self-Test.
5. Set the real-time clock and review the SETUP parameters.
6. Perform a leak check and a flow check.
7. Return to the top-level menu and wait for automatic start at the top of the hour.
8. View the OPERATE menus during the cycle.
4.1 Power Up
The power switch is located on the back of the BAM 1020. Verify that the BAM 1020 external power supply, external vacuum pump, and the heater relay enclosure power cables are connected to the correct AC voltage, and that any electrical accessories are correctly wired before energizing the unit. (Section 2.6) When power is switched on, the unit will take about 15 seconds to boot up the touch screen display module, after which the main menu screen should appear. The unit will probably flash an error indicating that there is no filter tape installed.
4.2 Warm-up Period
The BAM 1020 must warm up for at least one hour before valid concentration data can be obtained. This is because the beta detector contains a vacuum tube which must stabilize. This also allows the electronics to stabilize for optimal operation. This applies any time the BAM 1020 is powered up after being off for more than a moment. Instrument setups and filter tape installation can be performed during the warm-up time. It is not uncommon to discard the first few hours of data after the equipment is powered up.
4.3 The Main Operate Screen
When the BAM 1020 is powered up it will display the Main Operate screen. This screen is the starting point for all functions of the BAM 1020 user interface. See Section 3.2 for a detailed explanation of the menu system interface.

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4.4 Filter Tape Loading
A roll of Met One glass fiber filter tape must be loaded into the BAM 1020 for sampling. A roll of tape will last more than 60 days under normal operation. It is important to have spare rolls available to avoid data interruptions. Some agencies save and archive the used filter tape, although the used sample spots are not protected from contamination and are not marked to indicate the sample hour or site. Chemical analysis may be affected by the binder agent in the tape. Used filter tape should never be “flipped over” or re-used! This will result in measurement problems. Loading a roll of filter tape into the BAM 1020 is a simple matter using the following steps:
1. Turn on the BAM 1020. The BAM 1020 should automatically raise the sample nozzle. 2. Lift the rubber pinch roller assembly and latch it in the UP position. 3. Unscrew and remove the two clear plastic reel covers. 4. An empty core tube MUST be installed on the left (take-up) reel hub. This provides a surface
for the used tape to spool upon. One plastic core tube is supplied to use with the first roll of tape. After that, use the empty core tube left over from the previous roll. Never fasten the filter tape to the aluminum hub. 5. Load the new roll of filter tape onto the right (supply) reel and route the tape through the transport assembly as shown in the drawing. Attach the loose end of the filter tape to the empty core tube with adhesive cellophane tape or equivalent. 6. Rotate the tape roll by hand to remove excess slack, then install the clear plastic reel covers. The covers must be tight in order to properly clamp the tape in place and prevent slipping. 7. To properly tighten each spool cover, hold the clear cover with one hand while tightening the black knob by turning it clockwise. The knobs should be very tight. 8. Align the filter tape so that it is centered on all of the rollers. There are score marks on the rollers to aide in visually centering the tape. 9. Unlatch and lower the pinch roller assembly onto the tape. The BAM 1020 cannot automatically lower the pinch rollers, and the it will not operate if the pinch rollers are left latched in the up position! 10. Press the TENSION button in the Operate > Load Filter Tape menu. The BAM 1020 will set the tape to the correct tension and provide an alert if there was an error with the process. Exit the menu.
Pinch Rollers

Core

Clean

Figure 4-1 BAM 1020 Filter Tape Loading Diagram

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4.5 Self-Test
The BAM 1020 has a built-in self-test function which automatically tests most of the tape control and flow systems of the BAM 1020. The self-test should be run right after each time the filter tape is changed, and it can also be used if the operator suspects a problem with the BAM 1020. More detailed diagnostic test menus are also available in the BAM, and those are described in the troubleshooting Section 6.
The self-test feature is located in the Test menu (see Section 3.4.5). Enter the Test > Self Test menu and press the grey START button to begin the test. The full sequence of tests will take a couple of minutes, and the BAM 1020 will display the results of each tested item with green PASS or red FAIL tag (see Figure 4-2). A blue TEST status indicates which test is currently being performed.

Figure 4-2 BAM 1020 Self-Test Status Screen
Latch: This will pass if the photo interrupter senses that the pinch rollers are unlatched (down) as in normal operation. It will fail if the roller assembly is latched in the up position. The tape cannot advance if the rollers are up!
Tape Break: The BAM 1020 will move the supply and take-up motors to create slack in the filter tape and look for proper operation of the tensioner photo interrupters.
Tape Tension: The BAM 1020 will tension the filter tape, and then check the condition of the tensioner photo interrupters.
Shuttle Beam: The BAM 1020 will attempt to move the shuttle beam left and right and will check the motion with a photo interrupter.
Capstan Shaft: The Capstan shaft moves the filter tape back and forth. The BAM 1020 will rotate the shaft forward and backwards to confirm the photo interrupter detects the shaft rotating.
Memb Extended: The BAM 1020 will attempt to extend the reference membrane and will confirm the motion with a photo interrupter.
Memb Withdrawn: The BAM 1020 will attempt to withdraw the reference membrane and will confirm the motion with a photo interrupter.
Nozzle Down: The BAM 1020 will attempt to lower the nozzle. It will check verify the nozzle motor has moved to the down position with a photo interrupter. It is possible for the nozzle to become stuck in the UP position, even if the nozzle motor has successfully moved to the DOWN position. For this reason, proper inlet alignment and nozzle O-ring maintenance is necessary.
Flow System: The BAM 1020 will attempt to turn the pump on and will then monitor the output on the flow sensor. This test takes about a minute and will fail if the pump is not connected.

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Nozzle Up: The BAM 1020 will attempt to raise the nozzle and will verify the nozzle motor has moved to the up position with a photo interrupter.
4.6 Initial Setup Settings Considerations
The BAM 1020 comes pre-programmed with a wide array of default values for the settings which govern the measurement and calibration. Most of these setup values will not be changed since the default values are correct for most applications. Review the Setup Menus in Section 3.5 of this manual and decide if any values need to be changed. At the very least, review the following parameters:
1. Set the system clock (see Section 3.5.1). The BAM 1020 clock may drift as much as two minutes per month. It is important to check the clock at least once per month to ensure the samples are performed at the correct times.
2. Review the BAM Sample and Beta Count settings (see Section 3.5.2).
3. Review the Met Average period (see Section 3.5.12).
4. Review the Inlet Heater control settings (see Section 3.5.5).
4.7 Initial Leak Check and Flow Check
The BAM 1020 comes with factory-set flow calibration parameters which will allow the BAM 1020 to accurately control the 16.67 L/min sample flow system right out of the box. However, due to minor variations between different types of flow transfer standards, it is best to calibrate the flow system with a traceable flow audit standard upon initial deployment. Perform leak checks and flow checks/calibrations as described in Section 6.3.4. Become comfortable with these processes, as they will be performed on a routine basis.
4.8 Starting a Measurement Cycle
When the preceding setup steps of Section 4 have been completed, exit out to the main top level Operate menu. The “Status” line may display “MAINTENANCE” or other errors owing to performing setup and initialization sequences. This is normal and should be expected. The BAM 1020 will clear all alarms and start at the top (beginning) of the next hour and will continuously operate until commanded to stop.
The BAM 1020 will stop if the operator enters certain Test or Setup menus, but users will be provided a warning screen first. The BAM 1020 will also stop itself if a non-correctable error is encountered, such as broken filter tape or failed air flow.

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THE MEASUREMENT CYCLE

This section describes the measurement and timing cycle of the BAM 1020 instrument. An understanding of the measurement is helpful for the effective operation and maintenance of the BAM 1020. For advanced information on the underlying theory and mathematics of the measurement see Theory of Operation, Section 9.

Nozzle Beta Source Detector

Beta Source

Detector
Figure 5-1 BAM 1020 Sample and Measurement Stations
5.1 The One-Hour Cycle Timeline
The BAM 1020 is almost always configured to operate on 1-hour cycles. The BAM 1020 has a realtime clock which controls the cycle timing. The COUNT TIME on the BAM 1020 is user selectable, but is generally set to 4 minutes for PM10 measurement or to 8 minutes for PM2.5 measurement. In the example timeline below the BAM 1020 makes an 8-minute beta measurement at the beginning and the end of each hour, with a 42 minute air sample period in between, for a total of 58 minutes. The other two minutes of the hour are used for tape and nozzle movements during the cycle. This timeline applies if the BAM 1020 is set for a COUNT TIME of 8 minutes, which is required for all EPA and EU designated PM2.5 configurations.
When configured as a US-EPA designated equivalent method for PM2.5, COUNT TIME must be set to 8 minutes. If it is desired to operate the BAM 1020 as a non- designated method for PM2.5 monitoring, the COUNT TIME may be set to 4, 6, or 8 minutes. When running the BAM 1020 as a US-EPA designed equivalent method for PM10 COUNT TIME may be set to 4, 6, or 8 minutes. The total measurement cycle is 1 hour. The pump sampling time may be calculated by subtracting twice the COUNT TIME from 60 minutes and then subtracting an additional 2 minutes to allow for tape movement. Therefore, a COUNT TIME of 8 minutes would provide a pump sampling time of 42 minutes (60-8-8-2). Note: This cycle will be slightly altered if the BAM 1020 is operated in the special Early Cycle mode with an external data logger. See Section 7.

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The example below provides an example of the timing of a measurement cycle with a COUNT TIME of 8 minutes.
1. Minute 00: The beginning of an hour. The BAM 1020 advances the filter tape forward one “window” to the next fresh, unused spot on the tape. This takes a few seconds. The new spot is positioned between the beta source and the detector, and the BAM begins counting beta particles through this clean spot for exactly eight minutes. (I0)
2. ~Minute 08: The BAM 1020 stops counting beta particles through the clean spot (I0), and moves the tape exactly four windows forward, positioning that same spot directly under the nozzle. This takes a few seconds. The BAM 1020 then lowers the nozzle onto the filter tape and turns the vacuum pump on, pulling particulate-laden air through the filter tape on which I0 was just measured, for 42 minutes at 16.67 liters per minute.
3. ~Minute 50: The BAM 1020 turns the vacuum pump off, raises the nozzle, and moves the filter tape backwards exactly four windows. This takes a few seconds and puts the spot that was just loaded with particulate back between the beta source and the detector. The BAM begins counting beta particles through the now dirty spot of tape for exactly eight minutes (I3).
4. ~Minute 58: The BAM 1020 stops counting beta particles through the dirty spot (I3). The BAM 1020 uses the I0 and I3 counts to calculate the mass of the deposited particulate on the spot and uses the total volume of air sampled to calculate the concentration of the particulate in milligrams or micrograms per cubic meter of air. The BAM then sits idle until the top of the next hour.
5. Minute 60: The beginning of the next hour. The BAM 1020 records the just- calculated concentration value to memory and sets the analog output voltage to represent the previous hour’s concentration. The BAM 1020 advances a new fresh spot of tape to the beta measurement area and the measurement cycle starts again.
5.2 Automatic Span Checks During The Cycle
While the vacuum pump is on and pulling air through the filter tape as described above the BAM 1020 performs a span check. The user may set up the BAM 1020 to perform the span check hourly, once per day, or not at all. The BAM 1020 also performs a stability test:
1. Minute 08: The BAM 1020 has just finished moving the clean spot to the nozzle and turned the pump on. There is another clean spot of filter tape upstream four windows, between the beta source and the detector. This same spot will stay there for the entire time the pump is on. The BAM 1020 begins counting the beta particles through this spot for exactly eight minutes. The measured value is recorded as 1.
2. Minute 16: The BAM 1020 stops counting beta particles and extends the reference membrane between the beta source and the detector, directly above the spot of filter tape that was just measured. The reference membrane is an extremely thin film of clear Mylar held in a metal tongue. The membrane is of known mass density (mg/cm2). The BAM starts counting beta particles for eight minutes again, this time through the membrane and the filter tape spot at the same time. This value is recorded as 2.
3. Minute 24: The BAM 1020 stops counting beta particles through the membrane, withdraws the membrane assembly, and calculates the mass density of the membrane.
4. Minute 42: (Eight minutes before the pump stops) The BAM 1020 counts the beta particles through the same spot again (without the membrane) for another eight minutes. This value is recorded as 1 .

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The mass density “m” (mg/cm2) of the reference membrane calculated during this automatic process is compared to the known mass of the membrane; the Span Membrane (synonymous to ABS) value. During factory calibration, the actual mass of each individual span foil is determined and saved as the Span Membrane value of the BAM 1020 in which it was installed. Each measurement of m must match the Span Membrane value within ±5%. If not, the BAM 1020 records a “D” alarm for that hour’s data. Typically, the value of m is within a few mg/cm2 of the expected value. The Span Membrane value is unique to each BAM 1020, and can be found on the calibration sheet. Most membrane alarms are caused by a dirty membrane foil.
The stability measurements 1 and 1 may be compared to determine if the beta counts have changed appreciably during the measurement cycle. Rapid changes in temperature, relative humidity or other factors may lead to this.
5.3 Filter Tape Use
The BAM 1020 positions the filter spots very close to one another so as not to waste filter tape. Once each day at midnight, the BAM 1020 will skip a spot (there will not be a spot where one is expected to be). This is done to make it easier for the user to match the spot on the take up spool with the hour and the day the spot was generated if this is necessary to be done. Met One Instruments currently offers filter tape using part number 460180.

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MAINTENANCE, DIAGNOSTICS AND TROUBLESHOOTING

This section provides information about routine maintenance, identifying errors and alarms, and performing diagnostic tests on the BAM 1020. The TEST menu functions are also described in this section.
Met One Instruments, Inc. also publishes a comprehensive array of technical bulletins that covers additional information about subsystem troubleshooting, upgrades, and repairs. These are available in the “BAM Users” section of our website, or by e-mail request from the service department (see Section 1.2).

6.1 Met One Recommended Periodic Maintenance Table
Table 6-1 shows the recommended interval for the regular BAM 1020 maintenance, field checks, and service tasks. Special tools are not required for any of the routine BAM service tasks on less than yearly intervals. Met One Instruments, Inc. recommends the BX-308 and BX-344 kits for all nonroutine service and repairs such as nozzle removal and detector tests. Complete instructions are included.

Maintenance Item Nozzle and vane cleaning. Leak check. Flow system check/audit. Clean capstan shaft and pinch roller tires. Clean PM10 inlet particle trap and PM2.5 cyclone particle trap. Download and save digital data log and error log. Compare BAM 1020 digital data to external analog data logger data, if used. Check or set BAM real-time clock. Replace filter tape roll. Run the SELF-TEST function in the TAPE menu. Download and verify BAM 1020 settings file. Complete flow system calibration. Completely disassemble and clean PM10 inlet and PM2.5 cyclone. Replace or clean pump muffler. Test filter RH, BP, and temperature sensors. Test smart heater function. Clean internal debris filter. Remove and check membrane span foil. Beta detector count rate and dark count test. Clean vertical inlet tube (BX-344 cleaning kit). Test analog DAC output, if used. Replace lithium battery if necessary. Rebuild vacuum pump. Replace nozzle O-ring. Replace pump tubing, if necessary. Factory recalibration is not required except for units sent for major repairs.
Table 6-1 BAM 1020 Recommended Maintenance Schedule

Period Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly 2 Months 2 Months Quarterly Quarterly Quarterly 6 months 6 months 6 months 12 Months 12 Months 12 Months 12 months 12 Months 12 Months 24 months 24 months 24 Months —

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6.2 Filter Sensor Tests
The BAM 1020 flow path contains temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors. These internal sensors are located just past the sample filter tape and are used to monitor and control the Smart Heater and tape loading. External sensor(s) monitor ambient conditions and are used for concentration calculations and controlling the sample flow rate.
This test menu will be used for testing the internal sensors located just past the filter tape in the flow system. See Section 3.4.6 for a brief description and location of the menu. When this screen is entered, the BAM 1020 will automatically turn on the pump and raise the nozzle to allow the filter sensors to equilibrate to ambient room conditions.

Figure 6-1 The Filter Sensors Screens
6.2.1 Filter Temperature Sensor Tests The Filter Temperature (FT) sensor is used to monitor operation of the Smart Inlet Heater. When comparing the FT to ambient conditions, the FT value should be slightly higher than AT if the heater is operating correctly in idle mode, and significantly higher if the heater is in the ON state.
To check or calibrate the FT sensor, select TEMPERATURE in the Filter Sensor selection field. Allow the pump to run for at least 5 minutes (see note below) to allow the sensor to equilibrate. When fully equilibrated, the filter temperature should match ambient within +/- 2 deg C. To calibrate it, enter the ambient room temperature from the reference standard into the REFERENCE field and press the grey CALIBRATE button. The DEFAULT button can be used to revert to default calibrations and start over if difficulty is encountered.

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Note: Never calibrate this sensor if the BAM inlet heater has been operating recently. The heater causes this sensor to measure higher than ambient conditions. See the notes about equilibrating or removing the filter RH sensor for calibrations below. Follow these steps for the filter temperature sensor, as well, if the heater has been operating.
6.2.2 Filter Humidity Sensor Tests
The Filter Relative Humidity (FRH) sensor measures the humidity of the sample air to control the Smart Inlet Heater system. The FRH value is used to set the inlet heater to the ON or idle state, as needed, to maintain the sample near or below the RH set point value. See Section 3.5.5.
To check or calibrate the FRH sensor, select REL HUMIDITY in the Filter Sensor selection field. The filter RH sensor should match ambient RH within +/- 5% when properly equilibrated. If the sensor fails, it usually reads something impossible like -25% or 135% RH.
Important Equilibration Notes: It is difficult to effectively correlate an ambient RH measurement to the filter RH reading, because the BAM has some self-heating from the Smart Heater which causes the filter sensor to measure significantly lower than ambient RH. For this reason, it is usually best to leave the factory default calibration alone, unless there is clear evidence that it needs to be calibrated. If the filter RH sensor is calibrated without first being fully equilibrated to ambient, it will introduce a large artificial offset.
For example: The ambient RH is 50%, but the filter RH sensor reads 20% due to inlet heat. If the filter sensor calibration is adjusted to that it matches 50%, this adds a +30% offset to all RH readings. Now the filter RH data values are all 30% too high and it looks like the inlet heater is not functioning and not regulating the sample RH when it actually is. In addition, the inlet heater may run at full power trying to achieve regulation to the set point.
To equilibrate the sensor without removing it from the sample stream: Enter the TEST > FILTER RH screen. The BAM will raise the nozzle and turn the pump on to pull room air past the RH sensor. Unplug the inlet heater and allow the BAM to cool completely to room conditions. This might take an hour or two, possibly more. Position the RH audit device as close as possible to the BAM sample nozzle during calibration.
To remove the sensor from the flow system for calibration: Unplug the inlet heater and remove the BAM case cover. Remove the black 3-port compression manifold from the flow path. It is located under the nozzle motor and holds the two filter sensors. This is easiest with tool 9627 from the BX308 tool kit. Leave the sensors plugged into the circuit board. Do not touch the RH sensor element because it is ESD sensitive. Move the sensor manifold away from the BAM so that an accurate ambient RH value can be obtained. Enter the Test > Filter Sensors menu, select REL HUMIDITY, and allow the sensor to equilibrate for at least five minutes, then compare the BAM 1020 reading on the display to the reference RH device. To calibrate the sensor, enter the reference value into the Reference field on the display and press CALIBRATE to change the BAM value to match.
The DEFAULT button can be used to remove all previous field calibrations from the sensor and restore the default factory calibration. Do not press the CAL key immediately after pressing RESET or the value present in the REFERENCE field will be applied.

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6.2.3 Filter Pressure Sensor Tests The filter pressure sensor is used to monitor particulate loading on the filter tape. When comparing the filter pressure to ambient conditions while actively sampling, the filter pressure should be lower than ambient pressure as it is on the vacuum side of the filter tape. See the Filter Pressure alarm explanation in Section 3.5.10.
To check or calibrate the filter pressure sensor, select PRESSURE in the Filter Sensor selection field. The pump should turn immediately turn off. Allow the filter pressure sensor to equilibrate to ambient conditions for about 15 seconds and then compare the BAM 1020 pressure value to the audit device. It should match the ambient pressure within +/- 10 mmHg. To calibrate it, enter the ambient pressure from the reference standard into the REFERENCE field and press the grey CALIBRATE button.
6.3 Flow System and Flow Calibrations
6.3.1 Flow System Diagram The BAM 1020 is designed to operate with an air flow rate of 16.67 liters per minute (L/min or LPM). The flow rate must be maintained at this value in order for the commonly used the EPA PM10 inlet head (BX-802) and PM2.5 cyclones (BX-806, BX-807, BX-808 or BX-809) to work effectively. Periodic airflow audits must be performed to ensure that the BAM 1020 maintains the 16.67 LPM flow rate.

Filter Temp and RH sensors

Filter Barometric Pressure Sensor

Inlet Receiver
Beta Block

Debris Filter

Mass Flow Meter
Automatic Flow Controller (Rotary Cam Valve) Standard on all units

Outlet to Vacuum Pump

Figure 6-2 The Complete BAM 1020 Flow Control System
A BAM 1020 monitor has a mass flow sensor. The BAM 1020 is also equipped with an ambient temperature and barometric pressure sensor model BX-597A. Temperature and barometric pressure measurements are needed to convert mass flow into volume flow rate (LPM).

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6.3.2 Flow Control The BAM 1020 regulates flow to actual conditions (ambient temperature and barometric pressure).
Under Actual flow control, ambient temperature and barometric pressure measurements are used to convert the measured mass flow into volumetric flow (LPM). As the measured temperature and barometric pressure change, the mass flow controller will adjust its output to maintain constant volumetric flow.
6.3.3 Total Flow (QTOT) and Flow Rate (LPM) Conversions The QTOT measurement can be converted to LPM by multiplying the QTOT value by 1000, then dividing by the BAM Sample Time. For example, to determine what the flow rate was of a 42 minute sample with a QTOT value 0.700, perform the following calculation:
(QTOT 1000) / Sample Time = (0.700 1000)/42 = 16.67 LPM
6.3.4 About Leak Checks, Nozzle Cleaning, and Flow Checks Met One Instruments recommends that users perform leak checks, nozzle and vane cleaning (if needed) and a flow check or calibration (if needed) at least once a month. Complete flow system maintenance typically requires less than 10 minutes to perform.
The best order for the monthly flow system checks is:
1. As-found leak check. 2. Nozzle and vane cleaning. 3. As-left leak check. (If a leak was corrected) 4. Three-point flow check/audit and calibration if required.
If an air leak is found, it could be caused by degraded O-rings, or an improper inlet tube to receiver connection. However, it almost always occurs at the interface between the nozzle and the filter tape due to debris buildup. There is normally an insignificant amount of leakage at the tape interface, but an excessive leak lets an unknown portion of the 16.67 L/min sample flow to enter the system at the leak point instead of the inlet. This could cause the total volume of air sampled through the inlet to be incorrect, and the resulting concentration data could be unpredictably biased. The BAM 1020 cannot automatically detect a leak at the tape/nozzle interface because the airflow sensor is located downstream of the filter tape. Allowing a significant leak to persist may result in concentration data being invalidated!
Routine leak checks and nozzle cleaning prevent any significant leaks from forming. Performing an as-found leak check before cleaning the nozzle or performing any service is needed for validating data collected since the last successful leak and flow check.
Even if the leak check value is found to be within acceptable bounds, the nozzle and vane should still be cleaned if any buildup or debris is noticed.
6.3.5 Leak Check Procedure The basic leak check should always be performed first. If it passes, then there is no need to perform the advanced steps. Howeve

References

• Acoem - Creating Environments of Possibility
• Met One - Precision Air Quality Monitoring Instruments
• Met One - Precision Air Quality Monitoring Instruments
• Comet Software - Met One Instruments

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