ANALOG DEVICES LTC3314A 3.3V to 1V 8A 2MHz Dual Phase Low Instruction Manual
- June 16, 2024
- Analog Devices
Table of Contents
ANALOG DEVICES LTC3314A 3.3V to 1V 8A 2MHz Dual Phase Low Instruction
Manual
DESCRIPTION
Demo circuit 3205A features the LTC3314A, 5V, dual 4A/ dual-phase 8A step-down DC/DC regulator IC. This demo circuit is configured as a 2-phase, 2MHz, 3.3V input, single 1V output, 8A buck regulator. The top switches are 180-degree out of phase to reduce the output ripple.
The LTC®3314A features dual monolithic synchronous 4A step-down power stages in a 30-ball, 2.2mm × 2.7mm WLCSP package for space saving applications with demanding performance requirements. Both bucks achieve high efficiency and fast transient response with small external components. The LTC3314A can also be configured as a dual output, 4A per output, step-down converter. Please refer to DC3204A as a dual output application example. The LTC3314A data sheet gives a complete description of its operation and application information. The data sheet must be read in conjunction with this demo manual when evaluating or modifying this demo circuit.
DC3205A supports three operation modes, including pulse-skipping, forced continuous and Burst Mode® operation. The clock frequency and the operation mode are shared by both regulators. User can select desired operation mode with JP1 jumper. Setting JP1 to FC/SYNC position also allows the LTC3314A to sync to a clock frequency from 1MHz to 3MHz, operating in forced continuous mode.
An EMI filter is included in this demo circuit for noise sensitive applications. To power with EMI filter, please apply input voltage via VIN EMI terminal.
Design files for this circuit board are available.
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
Specifications are at TA = 25°C
SYMBOL| PARAMETER| CONDITIONS| MIN| TYP| MAX|
UNITS
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
VIN/VIN EMI| DC3205A Input Voltage Range| | 2.25| | 5.5| V
VOUT| DC3205A Output Voltage Range| | 0.98| 1| 1.02| V
IOUT| DC3205A Output Current (Each Output)| | 8| A
fSW| Switching Frequency| | 1.8| | 2.2| MHz
EFF| Efficiency| VIN = 3.3V, IOUT = 4A| 91| %
BOARD PHOTO
Part marking is either ink mark or laser mark
Figure 1. DC3205A Demo Board
QUICK START PROCEDURE
Refer to Figure 2 for the proper measurement equipment setup and follow the procedure below:
NOTE: For accurate VIN, VOUT and efficiency measurements, measure VIN at the VIN SNSE and GND SNSN turrets, and measure VOUT at the VOUT SNSE and GND SNSE turrets. When measuring the input or output ripple, care must be taken to avoid a long ground lead on the oscilloscope probe. It is recommended to use technique shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 for basic ripple measurement.
Prepare for the Test
A. Select a power supply PS1 that can handle 5V of output voltage and 10A
of output current, with internal current meter. If possible, connect PS1
Kelvin Sense terminals with VIN SNSE and GND SNSE turrets.
B. Select an electronic load LD1 can handle 1.5V of load voltage and up
to 8A of load current in constant current mode.
C. Select an oscilloscope with two or more channels and two voltage
probes.
-
Connect PS1, LD1, VM1, VM2 and VM3 as shown in Figure 2. If the input EMI filter is desired, connect the input power supply to VIN EMI and GND.
-
Set the JP2 to HI position. Set LD1 to 0A. Slowly increase PS1 to 1V. If PS1 current reads less than 20mA, increase PS1 to 3.3V until VM1 reads 3.3V ±10mV. VM2 should read between 0.98V to 1.02V. VM3 should read above 3V.
-
Connect an oscilloscope voltage probe as shown in Figure 3, between VOUT SNSE and GND SNSE turrets. Set channel to AC-coupled, voltage scale to 20mV, and time base to 10µs/div. Check VOUT ripple voltage. Output voltage ripple can also be measured with a low inductance connector on TP1, as shown in Figure 4.
-
Increase the load by 1A intervals up to 8A and observe the voltage output regulation, ripple voltage and SW behavior.
-
If other operation modes are desired. Turn off PS1, set LD1 to 0A and set JP1 to FC/SYNC or BURST position. Turn on PS1, slowly increase LD1 and observe the change in PS1 output current, SW behavior and output ripple.
-
Optional: To change the frequency, remove R5. Install the desired RT resistor in the R8 location. Size the inductor, output capacitors and compensation components to provide the desired inductor ripple and a stable output. Refer to the LTC3314A data sheet and LTPowerCAD for more information on choosing the required components.
-
Optional: To SYNC to a specific frequency, set JP1 to FC/SYNC position. Connect a waveform generator to MODE/SYNC turret. Please refer to LTC3314A data sheet for synchronization signal requirements.
-
To testthe transientresponsewith a base load, add the desired resistor to produce a minimum load between VOUT and RSNS turrets (RL shown on Figure 2). Note that the total load resistance will be RL plus R11 (20mΩ). Adjust a signal generator with a 10ms period, 10% duty cycle and an amplitude from 1V to 2V to start.
-
Measure the RSNS voltage to observe the current, VRSNS/20mΩ. Adjust the amplitude of the pulse to provide the desired transient. Connect signal generator SG1 between SG_INPUT and GND turrets. Adjust the rising and falling edge of the pulse to provide the desired ramp rate. Refer to the following equation for output current measurement:
-
When done, turn off SG1, PS1 and Load.
TEST SETUP
Figure 2. Test Setup for DC3205A Demo Board
Figure 3. Technique for Measuring Output Ripple and Step Response
Figure 4. Technique for Measuring Output Ripple and Step Response with a Low Inductance Connector (Not Supplied)
THEORY OF OPERATION
Introduction to the DC3205A
The DC3205A demonstration circuit features the LTC3314A, 5V, dual 4A/dual- phase 8A step-down DC/ DC regulator. The LTC3314A contains two monolithic, constant frequency, current mode step-down DC/DC converters. An oscillator, shared by two converters, with frequency set by a resistor on the RT pin, turns on the internal top power switch at the beginning of each clock cycle. The beginning of each clock cycle of the two converters are 180-degree out of phase. Current in the inductor then increases until the top switch comparator trips and turns off the top power switch. The peak inductor current, at which the top switch turns off, is controlled by the voltage on the internal VC node, which is the output of the error amplifier. When operating in dual-phase mode, VC of Buck1 is used to control the peak current for both buck power stages. The internal VC node is connected with internal compensator to stabilize the control loop. The error amplifier servos the VC node by comparing the voltage on the FB pin with an internal 500mV reference. When the load current increases, it causes a reduction in the feedback voltage relative to the reference leading the error amplifier to raise the VC voltage until the average inductor current matches the new load current. When the top switch turns off, the synchronous bottom power switch turns on until the next clock cycle begins. In pulse skipping mode and Burst mode, the bottom switch also turns off when inductor current falls to zero. If overload conditions result in excessive current flowing through the bottom switch, the next clock cycle will be delayed until the switch current returns to a safe level. In Burst Mode, the error amplifier and most part of the internal circuitry can be turned off until output voltage trips an output low comparator, during extreme light load condition, to improve light load efficiency.
If the EN1 pin is low, the DC3205A is in shutdown and in a low quiescent current state. When the EN1 pin is above its threshold, the DC3205A will be enabled.
The MODE/SYNC pin synchronizes the switching frequency to an external clock. It also sets the PWM mode. The PWM modes of operation are Burst, pulse skipping and forced continuous. See the LTC3314A data sheet for more detailed information. The maximum allowable operating frequency is influenced by the minimum on time of the top switch, the ratio of VOUT to VIN and the available inductor values. The maximum allowable operating frequency may be calculated in the formula below.
Select an operating switching frequency below fSW(MAX). Typically, it is
desired to obtain an inductor current of 30% of the maximum LTC3314A operating
load, 4A. Use the formulas below to calculate the inductor value to obtain a
30% (1.2A) inductor ripple for the operating frequency
The overall control loop of the converter can be tuned by output capacitors and a feedforward capacitor. The LTC3314A has been designed to operate at a high bandwidth for fast transient response capabilities. This reduces required output capacitance to meet the desired transient voltage range. Feedforward capacitor C19 along with R3 provides a phase lead which will improve the phase margin.
Loop stability is generally measured using the Bode Plot method of plotting loop gain in dB and phase shift in degrees. The 0dB crossover frequency should be less the 1/6 of the operating frequency to reduce the effects of added phase shift of the modulator. The control loop phase margin goal should be 45° or greater and a gain margin goal of 8dB or greater.
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 5. LTC3314A 2-Phase 2MHz 8A Buck Typical Application Schematic
Figure 6. Efficiency vs Load
Figure 7. Load Step Response in Forced Continuous Mode
Load Transient Response, Pulse-Skipping Mode
Figure 8. Load Step Response in Pulse-Skipping Mode with VIN = 3.3V
Load Transient Response, Burst Mode Operation
Figure 9. Load Step Response in Burst Mode with VIN = 3.3V
PARTS LIST
ITEM| QTY| REFERENCE| PART DESCRIPTION|
MANUFACTURER/PART NUMBER
---|---|---|---|---
Required Circuit Components
1| 4| C1, C7, C9, C18| CAP., 1µF, X7T, 6.3V, 20%, 0201| MURATA,
GRM033D70J105ME01D
---|---|---|---|---
2| 2| C2, C21| CAP., 0.22µF, X7R, 16V, 10%, 0402, AEC-Q200| MURATA,
GCM155R71C224KE02D
3| 4| C5, C12, C17, C22| CAP., 22µF, X5R, 10V, 20%, 0603| AVX, 0603ZD226MAT2A
4| 2| C11, C23| CAP., 47µF, X6S, 6.3V, 20%, 0805| TAIYO YUDEN,
JMK212BC6476MG-T
5| 1| C19| CAP., 10pF, C0G/NP0, 25V, 10%, 0402| AVX, 04023A100KAT2A
6| 2| L2, L3| IND., 220nH, PWR, 20%, 6.7A, 13mΩ, 2.5mm × 2.00mm, SMD,
AEC-Q200| TDK, TFM252012ALMAR22MTAA
7| 1| Q1| XSTR., MOSFET, N-CH, 30V, 37A, PG-TDSON-8| INFINEON, BSC011N03LSI
8| 2| R3, R6| RES., 100k, 1%, 1/10W, 0402, AEC-Q200| KOA SPEER,
RK73H1ETTP1003F
9| 1| U1| IC, DUAL 2MHz, 4A STEP-DOWN DC/DC REGULATOR| ANALOG DEVICES INC.,
LTC3314AACBZ-R7
Additional Demo Board Circuit Components
1| 2| C3, C20| CAP., 470µF, TANT, POSCAP, 6.3V, 20%, 7343, 18mΩ, TPE|
PANASONIC, 6TPE470MI
---|---|---|---|---
2| 2| C4, C16| CAP., 10µF, X7S, 6.3V, 20%, 0603| TDK, C1608X7S0J106M080AC
3| 2| C6, C14| CAP CER 10µF 6.3V X5R 0402| Murata Electronics,
GRM155R60J106ME47D
4| 1| C7| CAP., 1µF, X7T, 6.3V, 20%, 0201| MURATA, GRM033D70J105ME01D
5| 2| C8, C15| CAP., 0.22µF, X7R, 6.3V, 20%, 0603| JOHANSON DIELECTRICS,
6R3X14W224MV4T
6| 1| C10| CAP., 0.1µF, X7R, 25V, 10%, 0402, AEC-Q200| MURATA,
GCM155R71E104KE02D
7| 2| C13, C24| CAP., 1000pF, X7R, 50V, 20%, 0402, 3-TERM, X2Y EMI FILTER|
JOHANSON DIELECTRICS, 500X07W102MV4T
8| 1| L1| IND., 100Ω AT 100MHz, FERRITE BEAD, 25%, 8A, 6mΩ, 1812| WURTH
ELEKTRONIK, 74279226101
9| 2| R1, R10| RES., 10k, 5%, 1/16W, 0402, AEC-Q200| NIC, NRC04J103TRF
10| 1| R2| RES., 20Ω, 1%, 1/16W, 0402, AEC-Q200| NIC, NRC04F20R0TRF
11| 1| R4| RES., 100k, 5%, 1/16W, 0402| YAGEO, RC0402JR-07100KL
12| 1| R5| RES., 0Ω, 1/16W, 0402| VISHAY, CRCW04020000Z0ED
13| 1| R7| RES., 1M, 1%, 1/16W, 0402, AEC-Q200| STACKPOLE ELECTRONICS, INC.,
RMCF0402FT1M00
14| 1| R9| RES., 249k, 1%, 1/16W, 0402, AEC-Q200| NIC, NRC04F2493TRF
15| 1| R11| RES 0.02Ω 1% 1.5W 1206| ΩITE, FCSL32R020FER
17| 1| Q1| XSTR., MOSFET, N-CH, 30V, 37A, PG-TDSON-8| INFINEON, BSC011N03LSI
18| 0| TP1| CONN., U.FL, RECEPT, ST SMD, 0Hz to 6GHz 50Ω| HIROSE ELECTRIC,
U.FL-R-SMT-1(10)
Hardware: For Demo Board Only
1| 11| E1-E3, E8, E9, E14, E17-E21| TEST POINT, TURRET, 0.064″ MTG. HOLE, PCB
0.062″ THK| MILL-MAX, 2308-2-00-80-00-00-07-0
---|---|---|---|---
2| 6| E4, E7, E10, E15, E16, E22| TEST POINT, TURRET, 0.094″ MTG. HOLE, PCB
0.062″ THK| MILL-MAX, 2501-2-00-80-00-00-07-0
3| 5| E5, E6, E11-E13| CONN., BANANA JACK, FEMALE, THT, NON-INSULATED, SWAGE,
0.218″| KEYSTONE, 575-4
4| 1| JP1| CONN., HDR, MALE, 1×4, 2mm, VERT, ST, THT| WURTH ELEKTRONIK,
62000411121
5| 1| JP2| CONN., HDR, MALE, 1×3, 2mm, VERT, ST, THT| WURTH ELEKTRONIK,
62000311121
6| 4| MP1-MP4| STANDOFF, NYLON, SNAP-ON, 0.50″| WURTH ELEKTRONIK, 702935000
7| 2| XJP1, XJP2| CONN., SHUNT, FEMALE, 2-POS, 2mm| WURTH ELEKTRONIK,
60800213421
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
ESD Caution
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Charged devices and
circuit boards can discharge without detection. Although this product features
patented or proprietary protection circuitry, damage may occur on devices
subjected to high energy ESD. Therefore, proper ESD precautions should be
taken to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality
Legal Terms and Conditions
By using the evaluation board discussed herein (together with any tools, components documentation or support materials, the “Evaluation Board”), you are agreeing to be bound by the terms and conditions set forth below (“Agreement”) unless you have purchased the Evaluation Board, in which case the Analog Devices Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale shall govern. Do not use the Evaluation Board until you have read and agreed to the Agreement. Your use of the Evaluation Board shall signify your acceptance of the Agreement. This Agreement is made by and between you (“Customer”) and Analog Devices, Inc. (“ADI”), with its principal place of business at One Technology Way, Norwood, MA 02062, USA. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement, ADI hereby grants to Customer a free, limited, personal, temporary, non- exclusive, non-sublicensable, non-transferable license to use the Evaluation Board FOR EVALUATIONPURPOSES ONLY. Customer understands and agrees that the Evaluation Board is provided for the sole and exclusive purpose referenced above, and agrees not to use the Evaluation Board for any other purpose. Furthermore, the license granted is expressly made subject to the following additional limitations: Customer shall not (i) rent, lease, display, sell, transfer, assign, sublicense, or distribute the Evaluation Board; and (ii) permit any Third Party to access the Evaluation Board. As used herein, the term “Third Party” includes any entity other than ADI, Customer, their employees, affiliates and in-house consultants. The Evaluation Board is NOT sold to Customer; all rights not expressly granted herein, including ownership of the Evaluation Board, are reserved by ADI. CONFIDENTIALITY. This Agreement and the Evaluation Board shall all be considered the confidential and proprietary information of ADI. Customer may not disclose or transfer any portion of the Evaluation Board to any other party for any reason. Upon discontinuation of use of the Evaluation Board or termination of this Agreement, Customer agrees to promptly return the Evaluation Board to ADI. ADDITIONAL RESTRICTIONS. Customer may not disassemble, decompile or reverse engineer chips on the Evaluation Board. Customer shall inform ADI of any occurred damages or any modifications or alterations it makes to the Evaluation Board, including but not limited to soldering or any other activity that affects the material content of the Evaluation Board. Modifications to the Evaluation Board must comply with applicable law, including but not limited to the RoHS Directive. TERMINATION. ADI may terminate this Agreement at any time upon giving written notice to Customer. Customer agrees to return to ADI the Evaluation Board at that time. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. THE EVALUATION BOARD PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND ADI MAKES NO WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONSOF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO IT. ADI SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATIONS, ENDORSEMENTS, GUARANTEES, OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, RELATED TO THE EVALUATION BOARD INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, TITLE, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NONINFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. IN NO EVENT WILL ADI AND ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM CUSTOMER’S POSSESSION OR USE OF THE EVALUATION BOARD, INCLUDIN GBUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS, DELAY COSTS, LABOR COSTS OR LOSS OF GOODWILL. ADI’S TOTAL LIABILITY FROM ANY AND ALL CAUSES SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT OF ONE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ($100.00). EXPORT. Customer agrees that it will not directly or indirectly export the Evaluation Board to another country, and that it will comply with all applicable United States federal laws and regulations relating to exports. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the substantive laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (excluding conflict of law rules). Any legal action regarding this Agreement will be heard in the state or federal courts having jurisdiction in Suffolk County, Massachusetts, and Customer hereby submits to the personal jurisdiction and venue of such courts. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods shall not apply to this Agreement and is expressly disclaimed.
01/23
www.analog.com
ANALOG DEVICES, INC. 2023