Juniper NETWORKS Junos OS Security IoT User Guide

Junos OS
Security IoT User Guide
Published
2023-12-14

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Junos OS Security IoT User Guide
Copyright © 2023 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
The information in this document is current as of the date on the title page.
YEAR 2000 NOTICE
Juniper Networks hardware and software products are Year 2000 compliant. Junos OS has no known time-related limitations through the year 2038. However, the NTP application is known to have some difficulty in the year 2036.
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About This Guide

Use this guide to learn about IoT device discovery and classification feature on your security device.
Knowledge of IoT devices in a network helps network administrators to better manage network security and reduce the IoT attack surface

Overview

IoT Security Overview

SUMMARY
Read this guide to understand about the IoT security solution available on your SRX Series/NFX Series devices and learn how to start using the feature.

Introduction

In terms of scale, the Internet of Things (IoT) is taking over the network. As a technology, IoT is transformational, enriching data, adding context into processes, and providing unprecedented levels of visibility across organizations. The volume and variety of IoT devices such as IP cameras, smart elevators, medical equipment, and industrial controllers can add complexity in your network security. With so many devices on the network, you need real-time visibility, intelligent policy enforcement capabilities that work seamlessly across the network. Most IoT endpoints have limited footprints and unknown devices the network can be a reason for security incident.
Knowledge of IoT devices in a network allows users or network administrators to better manage their network security. It is even more important to have visibility of IoT devices in a network especially since zero-day vulnerabilities are exploding.
Juniper Networks security IoT solution provides discovery, visibility, and classification of IoT devices in the network. IoT device visibility helps you to continuously discover, monitor and enforce security policies across all connected IoT devices.

Security IoT Solution

The Juniper Networks Security IoT solution involves the integration of security devices with Juniper ATP Cloud to:

• Provide deep insight into IOT devices in the network in real-time
• Create security policies using the discovered IoT device’s attributes
• Enforce security policies to prevent attacks and reduce attack surface

IOT device discovery provides basis for enforcing security policies and address security risk by identifying abnormal behavior of discovered devices.

Features

• Discovery of IoT devices behind Wi-Fi access point
• Support for broad range of IoT devices
• Granular fingerprints on each device including type, brand, model, IP, MAC address
• Single pane of glass for efficient IoT device inventory and classification
• Granular security rules based on IoT device attributes

Benefits of Security IOT

• Discovering and managing all IoT devices in a network without manual intervention increases security operations efficiency and productivity
• Having an real-time inventory of IoT devices and related security policies helps in reducing attack surface within your network.

Use Cases
Security IoT solution is adaptable different environments including healthcare/medical industry, organizations with campus/branch offices, and other industries with smart buildings and offices.

IoT Device Discovery and Security Enforcement – Workflow

Terminology
Let’s get familiar with some of the terminologies in this document before we deep-dive into IoT device discovery and security enforcement.
Table 1: Security IoT Terminology

connection to a network and can transmit data over the Internet or other networks. IoT devices can be sensors, gadgets, appliances, or machines or embedded into other mobile devices, industrial equipment, environmental sensors, medical devices, and more.
Data streaming| Process of transmitting packets and related metadata from IoT devices to a Juniper ATP Cloud to identify and classify IoT devices.
Web socket| A communications protocol is used for bi-directional data transfer between the security device and Juniper ATP cloud to provide confidentiality.

Table 1: Security IoT Terminology (Continued)

and enable communication between security device and ATP cloud.
Authentication| Process of enabling secure communication between security device and Juniper ATP cloud using TLS1.2 or later versions to ensure authentication, encryption, and integrity of the shared data.
IoT device discovery| Process of identifying IoT devices by searching through an internal database using the streamed data. The details of the discovered IoT devices includes-device brand, type, model, operating system, manufacturer, and so on.
IoT device classification| Building a profile for the discovered IoT devices. Since an IoT device can belong to a wide range of device types, knowing the class of the IoT device is important for enforcing the right type of security policy.

Example: An infotainment IoT device has a different traffic profile compared to an industrial IoT device.

Data Filtering| Using data filter helps Juniper ATP Cloud to control the amount of data, type of data it receives from the security device. Filters are especially useful where a large number of IoT devices are available in the network.
IP address feeds/dynamic address groups| A dynamic address entry is a group of IP addresses, that share a common purpose or attribute such as a geographical origin, a threat type, or a threat level.
IP addresses of discovered IoT devices are grouped into a dynamic address group. You can use IP address feeds to enforce policy in real time secure network.

IoT Device Discovery and Enforcement Workflow
Following illustration depicts a typical workflow involved in IOT device discovery.

Figure 1: Security IoT Workflow

1. Security device inspects network traffic from IoT devices.
2.  Security device connects to Juniper ATP cloud and streams details to the Juniper ATP cloud. The details include metadata about traffic flow, and packet payloads.
3.  Juniper ATP Cloud uses the streamed data to get the details of the IoT device such as brand, device model, class, vendor, IP, MAC address, and other properties of IoT devices.
4. Juniper ATP Cloud successfully classifies the IoT device. The devices that Juniper ATP Cloud discovers and identifies appear on the Juniper ATP Cloud page. You can use the device details to create a IP address feeds in the form of dynamic address group using adaptive threat profiling feature.
5. The security device downloads the feed. You can create security rules based on the IP address feeds to enforce granular security rules based on the IoT device attributes.

The security device continues to analyze the traffic pattern of the discovered IoT devices and detect any traffic deviation (for example, reachability and amount of traffic it might send) for these devices. You can isolate an IoT device from the network depending on the policy, and enforce a customized security policy to limit the reach of these devices in the network.

What’s Next?
In the next section, you’ll learn how to configure IoT device discovery and enforcement on your security device.

Configuration

Example- Configure IoT Device Discovery and Policy Enforcement

SUMMARY
In this example, you’ll configure your security device for IoT device discovery and security policy enforcement.
To get started with IoT device discovery in your network, all you need is a security device connected to Juniper ATP Cloud. Figure 2 on page 10 shows the topology used in this example.

Figure 2: IoT Device Discovery and Policy Enforcement Topology

As shown in the topology, the network includes some IoT devices connected to an SRX Series Firewall through wireless access point (AP). The security device is connected to the Juniper Cloud ATP server, and to a host device.
The security device collects IoT device metadata and streams the relevant information to the Juniper ATP Cloud. To enable streaming of IoT metadata, you’ll need to create security metadata streaming policies and attach these policies to security policies. Streaming of the IoT device traffic pauses automatically when Juniper Cloud server has sufficient details to classify the IoT device.
Juniper ATP cloud discovers and classifies IoT devices. Using the inventory of discovered IoT devices, you’ll create threat feeds in the form of dynamic address groups. Once the security device downloads dynamic address groups, you can use the dynamic address groups to create and enforce security policies for the IoT traffic.
Table 2 on page 10 and Table 3 on page 11 provide details of the parameters used in this example.
Table 2: Security Zone Configuration Parameters

Table 3: Security Policy Configuration Parameters

metadata
p2| Metadata streaming Policy| Streams trust zone to clod zone traffic metadata
Unwanted_Applications| Global Security Policy| Prevents IoT traffic based on the threat feed and security policy at global-context

Requirements

• SRX Series Firewall or NFX Series device
• Junos OS Release 22.1R1 or later
• Juniper Advanced Threat Prevention Cloud Account. See Registering a Juniper Advanced Threat Prevention Cloud Account.

We’ve verified and tested the configuration using a vSRX Virtual Firewall instance with Junos OS Release 22.1R1.

Get Your SRX Series Firewall Ready to Work with Juniper ATP Cloud
You’ll need to configure your SRX Series Firewall to communicate with the Juniper ATP Cloud Web Portal. Ensure your SRX Series Firewall is connected to Internet. Ensure that you complete the following initial configuration to set your SRX Series Firewall to Internet.

1.  Configure the interface. In this example, we’re using the interface ge-0/0/1.0 as Internet-facing interface on SRX Series Firewall.
   [edit] user@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 0 family inet address 10.50.50.1/24

2. Add the interface to a security zones.
   [edit] user@host# set security zones security-zone cloud interfaces ge-0/0/1.0 host-inbound-traffic system-services all
   user@host# set security zones security-zone cloud interfaces ge-0/0/1.0 host- inbound-traffic protocols all

3. Configure DNS.
   [edit] user@host# set groups global system name-server 172.16.1.1

4. Configure NTP.
   [edit] user@host# set groups global system processes ntp enable
   user@host# set groups global system ntp boot-server 192.168.1.20
   user@host# set groups global system ntp server 192.168.1.20

Once your SRX Series can reach the Internet through the ge-0/0/1.0 interface, proceed with next steps.
Check Required Licenses and Application Signature Package

• Ensure that you have an appropriate Juniper ATP cloud license. Use the show system license command to check the license status.

user@host> show system license
License identifier: JUNOS123456
License version: 4
Software Serial Number: 1234567890
Customer ID: JuniperTest
Features:
Sky ATP – Sky ATP: Cloud Based Advanced Threat Prevention on SRX firewalls
date-based, 2016-07-19 17:00:00 PDT – 2016-07-30 17:00:00 PDT

• Ensure your device has the latest application signature pack on your security device.
• Verify the application identification license is installed on your device.

user@host> show system license
License usage:
Licenses Licenses Licenses Expiry
Feature name used installed needed
logical-system 4 1 3 permanent
License identifier: JUNOSXXXXXX
License version: 2
Valid for device: AA4XXXX005
Features:
appid-sig – APPID Signatur

• Download latest version of application signature pack.
  user@host> request services application-identification download

• Check the download status.
  user@host> request services application-identification download status
  Downloading application package 3475 succeeded.

• Install the application identification signature pack.
  user@host> request services application-identification install

• Check the installed application signature pack version.
  user@host> show services application-identification version
  Application package version: 3418
  Release date: Tue Sep 14 14:40:55 2021 UTC

Enroll Security Device with Juniper ATP Cloud
Lets start with enrolling the security device with Juniper ATP cloud. If you’ve already enrolled your device, you can skip this step and jump directly to “Configure IoT Traffic Streaming Settings” on page 17. If not, use one of the following method for device enrollment.
Method 1: Enrolling Security Device Using CLI

1. On your SRX Series Firewall, run the following command to initiate the enrollment process.
   user@host> request services advanced-anti-malware enroll
   Please select geographical region from the list:
   1. North America
   2. European Region
   3. Canada
   4. Asia Pacific
   Your choice: 1

2. .Select an existing realm or create a new realm.
   Enroll SRX to:
   1. A new SkyATP security realm (you will be required to create it first)
   2. An existing SkyATP security realm
   Select option 1 to create a realm. Use the following steps:
   a. You are going to create a new Sky ATP realm, please provide the required information:
   b. Please enter a realm name (This should be a name that is meaningful to your organization.
   A realm name can only contain alphanumeric characters and the dash symbol. Once a realm iscreated, it cannot be changed):
   Real name: example-company-a
   c. Please enter your company name:
   Company name: Example Company A
   d. Please enter your e-mail address. This will be your username for your Sky ATP account:
   Email: me@example-company-a.com
   e. Please setup a password for your new Sky ATP account (It must be at least 8 characters long and include both uppercase and lowercase letters, at least one number, at least one special character):
   Password: **
   Verify: **
   f. Please review the information you have provided:
   Region: North America
   New Realm: example-company-a
   Company name: Example Company A
   Email: me@example-company-a.com
   g. Create a new realm with the above information? [yes,no] yes
   Device enrolled successfully!
   You can also use an existing realm for enrolling your SRX Series with Juniper ATP Cloud.

3.  Use the show services advanced-anti-malware status CLI command to confirm that your SRX Series
   Firewall is connected to the cloud server.
   root@idpreg-iot-v2# run show services advanced-anti-malware dynamic-filter status
   Feb 09 18:36:46
   Dynamic Filter Server Connection Status:
   Server Hostname: srxapi.us-west-2.sky.junipersecurity.net
   Server Port: 443
   Proxy Hostname: None
   Proxy Port: None
   Control Plane
   Connection Status: Connected
   Last Successful Connect: 2022-02-09 18:36:07 PST
   Pkts Sent: 2
   Pkts Received: 6

Method 2: Enrolling Security Device in Juniper ATP Cloud Web Portal
You can use a Junos OS operation (op) script to configure your SRX Series Firewall to connect to the Juniper Advanced Threat Prevention Cloud service.

1.  On Juniper ATP Cloud Web portal, click the Enroll button on the Devices page.

2.  Copy the command to your clipboard and click OK.

3. Paste the command into the Junos OS CLI of the SRX Series Firewall in operational mode.

4. Use the show services advanced-anti-malware status command to verify that a connection is made to the cloud server from the SRX Series Firewall. The server host name in the following sample is an example only.
   user@host> show services advanced-anti-malware status
   Server connection status:
   Server hostname: srxapi.us-west-2.sky.junipersecurity.net
   Server realm: qatest
   Server port: 443
   Proxy hostname: None
   Proxy port: None
   Control Plane:
   Connection time: 2022-02-15 21:31:03 PST
   Connection status: Connected
   Service Plane:
   fpc0
   Connection active number: 18
   Connection retry statistics: 48
   In the sample, the connection status indicates that the cloud server is connected to your security device.

5. You can also view the enrolled devices in Juniper ATP Cloud portal. Go to Devices > All Devices page. The page lists all the enrolled devices.

Configure IoT Traffic Streaming Settings
In this procedure, you’ll create metadata streaming policies and enable security services on your security device.

1. Complete cloud connection configuration.
   [edit] user@host# set services security-intelligence url https://cloudfeeds.sky.junipersecurity.net/api/manifest.xml
   user@host# set services security-intelligence authentication tls-profile aamw- ssl

2.  Create a security metadata streaming policy.
   [edit] user@host# set services security-metadata-streaming policy p1 dynamic- filter
   user@host# set services security-metadata-streaming policy p2 dynamic-filter
   We’ll later attach these security metadata streaming policy to security policies to enable the IoT
   traffic streaming for the session.

3. Enable security services such as application tracking, application identification, and PKI.
   [edit] user@host# set services application-identification
   user@host# set security pki
   user@host# set security application-tracking

Configure SRX Series Firewall
Use this procedure to configure interfaces, zones, policies enable IoT packet filtering and streaming services on your security device.

1. Configure interfaces.
   [edit] user@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/2 mtu 9092
   user@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/2 unit 0 family inet address 10.60.60.1/24
   user@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/3 mtu 9092
   user@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/3 unit 0 family inet address 10.70.70.1/24
   user@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/4 mtu 9092
   user@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/4 unit 0 family inet address 10.80.80.1/24

2. Configure security zones and enable application traffic for each configured zone.
   [edit] user@host# set security zones security-zone trust interfaces ge-0/0/2.0 host-inbound-traffic system-services all
   user@host# set security zones security-zone trust interfaces ge-0/0/2.0 host- inbound-traffic protocols all
   user@host# set security zones security-zone trust application-tracking
   user@host# set security zones security-zone untrust interfaces ge-0/0/4.0 host-inboundtraffic system-services all
   user@host# set security zones security-zone untrust interfaces ge-0/0/4.0
   host-inboundtraffic protocols all
   user@host# set security zones security-zone untrust interfaces ge-0/0/3.0
   host-inboundtraffic system-services all
   user@host# set security zones security-zone untrust interfaces ge-0/0/3.0
   host-inboundtraffic protocols all
   user@host# set security zones security-zone untrust
   application-tracking
   user@host# set security zones security-zone cloud
   application-tracking
   As shown in the topology, the untrust zone receives transit and host-bound traffic from IOT devices in network. The client device is in trust zone and the Juniper ATP Cloud is in cloud zone.
   3. Configure security policy P1.
   [edit] user@host# set security policies from-zone trust to-zone untrust policy P1 match sourceaddress any user@host# set security policies from-zone trust to-zone untrust policy P1 matchdestinationaddress
   any
   user@host# set security policies from-zone trust to-zone untrust policy P1 match application
   any
   user@host# set security policies from-zone trust to-zone untrust policy P1 then
   permit
   This configuration allows traffic from trust zone to untrust zone.
   4. Configure security policy P2.
   [edit] user@host# set security policies from-zone untrust to-zone trust policy P2 match sourceaddress
   any
   user@host# set security policies from-zone untrust to-zone trust policy P2 match destination-address any
   user@host# set security policies from-zone untrust to-zone trust policy P2 match application
   any
   user@host# set security policies from-zone untrust to-zone trust policy P2 then permit
   user@host# set security policies from-zone untrust to-zone trust application- services
   security-metadata-streaming-policy p1
   The configuration allows traffic from untrust zone to trust zone and applies the security metadata streaming policy p1 to enable IoT traffic streaming for the session.

3.  Commit the configuration.
   [edit] user@host# commit
   Now your security device is ready to stream IoT traffic to Juniper ATP Cloud.
   Lets check all the discovered IoT devices in Juniper ATP Cloud portal.
   Viewing Discovered IOT Devices in ATP Cloud
   To view discovered IoT devices in Juniper ATP Cloud portal, navigate to Minotor > IoT Devices page.
   

You can click and filter the IoT devices based on device category, manufacturer, type of operating system..
In the following image, we’re filtering devices with Android OS.

The page lists IoT devices with details such as IP address, type, manufacturer, models, and so on. Using these details, you can monitor and create threat feeds to enforce security policy.
Create Threat Feeds
Once Juniper ATP Cloud identifies IoT devices, you can create threat feeds. When your security device downloads threat feeds in the form of dynamic address groups, you can use the feed your security policies to take enforcement actions on the inbound and outbound traffic on these IoT devices.

• Go to Minotor > IoT Devices page and click Create Feeds option.
  

• In this example, we will use the feed name android_phone_user with a time-to-live (TTL) of seven days.
  Complete the configuration for the following fields:
  • Feed Name:
  Enter a unique name for the threat feed. The feed name must begin with an alpha-numeric character and can include letters, numbers, and underscores; no spaces are allowed. The length is 8–63 characters.
  • Type: Select the content type of the feed as IP.
  • Data Source: Select the data source for creating the feed as IOT.
  • Time to Live: Enter the number of days for the required feed entry to be active. After the feed entry crosses the time to live (TTL) value, the feed entry is automatically removed. The available range is 1–365 days.

• Click OK to save the changes.

• Go to Configure > Adaptive Threat Profiling. The page displays all threat feeds created. You can see the threat feed android_phone_user listed on the page.
  Click the plus sign (+). The Add New Feed page appears.
  

• • Ensure that your security device has downloaded the feed. Downloading happens automatically at regular intervals but can take a few minutes.
    

You can manually download the threat feeds using the following command:
request services security-intelligence download status ||match android_phone_user
Lets proceed with creating security policies with the downloaded threat feeds.
Create Security Policy Using Adaptive Threat Profiling Feeds

Once your security device downloads the threat feed, you can refer it as dynamic address group in a security policy. A dynamic address is a group of IP addresses of IoT devices belonging to a specific domain.
In this example, we create a policy that detects traffic from android phones and blocks the traffic.

1.  Define security policy match criteria.
   [edit] user@host# set security policies global policy Block_Android_Traffic match source-address
   android_phone_user
   user@host# set security policies global policy Block_Android_Traffic match destinationaddress any
   user@host# set security policies global policy Block_Android_Traffic match application any

2. Define security policy action.
   [edit] user@host# set security policies global policy Block_Android_Traffic then deny
   In this example, when you commit the configuration, your security device blocks HTTP traffic for the IoT devices belonging to the specific domain.
   For more information, see Configure Adaptive Threat Profiling.

Results
From configuration mode, confirm your configuration by entering the show security command. If the output does not display the intended configuration, repeat the configuration instructions in this example to correct it.

If you are done configuring the feature on your device, enter commit from configuration mode.

Verification

Check Feed Summary and Status
Purpose: Verify if your security device is receiving IP address feeds in the form of dynamic address groups.
Action: Run the following command:

user@host> show services advanced-anti-malware dynamic-filter status
Dynamic Filter Server Connection Status:
Server Hostname: srxapi.us-west-2.sky.junipersecurity.net
Server Port: 443
Proxy Hostname: None
Proxy Port: None
Control Plane
Connection Status: Connected
Last Successful Connect: 2022-02-12 09:51:50 PST
Pkts Sent: 3
Pkts Received: 42
Meaning The output displays the connection status and other details of the Juniper ATP Cloud server.

Configuration Statements and Operational Commands

Junos CLI Reference Overview
We’ve consolidated all Junos CLI commands and configuration statements in one place. Learn about the syntax and options that make up the statements and commands and understand the contexts in whichyou’ll use these CLI elements in your network configurations and operations.

•  Junos CLI Reference
  Click the links to access Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved configuration statement and command summary topics.

•  Configuration Statements

•  CLI Commands

References

• Company A | Making an Impact

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