TH RESS F2a11 Integrated Amplifier Instruction Manual
- June 12, 2024
- Th ress
Table of Contents
TH RESS F2a11 Integrated Amplifier
Product Information
The F2a11 Integrated Amplifier is an all-tube amplifier that utilizes the famous F2a11 vacuum tube in single-ended triode operation mode. It has an output power of up to 6 watts into a 4, 8, or 16 ohm load. The amplifier can also be used as a stereophonic power amplifier when combined with a line or full-function preamplifier. The volume control knobs of the amplifier serve as input attenuators in this configuration, matching the gain of the line device to the efficiency of the loudspeaker.
The amplifier features three line level inputs (2×3 RCA jacks) with equal gain status selectable via a rotary switch on the rear panel. Separate manual volume control is provided for each channel using high-grade continuously variable potentiometers. The output transformers (OPT) are made in-house to the highest possible standards and allow for precise matching of a 4, 8, or 16 ohm loudspeaker load to the power tube using jumpers soldered to the secondary terminals.
Tubes
The F2a11 Integrated Amplifier uses the F2a11 vacuum tube. The following
specifications apply to the tubes:
- Ua (Anode Voltage) : 380V
- Ug1 (Grid Voltage) : -16V
- Ia (Anode Current) : 73mA
- Pa (Anode Power Dissipation) : 28.5W
Automatic grid bias is applied for the F2a11 power tube, and the idle current
of the power tube cannot be adjusted. The amplifier requires F2a11 tubes with
Ia values ranging from 68mA to 78mA under the given voltage conditions (380V,
-16V). It is recommended to use matched pairs of F2a11 tubes that meet these
specifications. If there is any doubt about a tube’s suitability, the actual
idle current can be measured by an experienced technician using Ohm’s law and
measuring the voltage drop over the cathode resistor.
The driver stages of the amplifier use a 12SN7GT double-triode. The amplifier
comes with a carefully tested and hand-picked tube for optimal performance. It
is important to use a driver tube with reliable characteristics to avoid
degraded sonic performance or potential circuit damage.
Fuse
The power inlet of the F2a11 Integrated Amplifier contains a 1A slow-
blowing 5x25mm fuse. In some cases, the fuse may blow when the amplifier is
switched on due to the current spike drawn by the mains transformer,
especially when using a power cord with very low resistance. If this problem
occurs frequently, it is recommended to use a fuse with a higher current
rating.
Loudspeaker Load Matching
The F2a11 Integrated Amplifier allows for precise load matching with 4, 8,
and 16 ohm loudspeakers. This can be achieved by soldering jumpers to the
secondary terminals of the output transformer (OPT) according to the indicated
patterns. Each pattern corresponds to a specific turns ratio of the OPT,
ensuring accurate load matching.
Note: It is important to read and follow the instructions carefully to ensure optimal performance and safety when using the F2a11 Integrated Amplifier.
INSTRUCTIONS
Thank you for purchasing the THÖRESS F2a11 Integrated Amplifier
Our all-tube Integrated utilizes the famous F2a11 vacuum tube in single-ended
triode operation mode for an output power of up to 6 watts into a 4, 8 or 16
ohm load. Notably, the F2a11 Integrated can also be employed as a stereophonic
power amplifier (in combination with a line or full function preamplifier) in
which case the volume control knobs of the amplifier serve as input
attenuators to match the gain of the line device to the efficiency of the
loudspeaker.
The amplifier provides 3 line level inputs (2×3 RCA jacks) of equal gain
status selectable via rotary switch on the rear panel. High-grade continuously
variable potentiometers are employed for separate (manual) volume control of
the channels. The output transformers (OPT) are made in house to the highest
possible standards and allow for precise matching of a 4, 8 or 16 ohm
loudspeaker load to the power tube by way of jumpers soldered to the secondary
terminals.
Please read the following explanations and instructions carefully to get the
most out of your F2a11 Integrated Amplifier!
TUBES
The power tubes are biased automatically (via voltage drop over a cathode
resistor). An obvious design choice (and very reliable setting of grid bias)
in view of the comparatively low grid bias voltage required for the F2a11 tube
(thanks to its high mutual conductance). The ideal (average) F2a11 tube draws
an anode current of Ia=73mA when it is exposed to an anode voltage of Ua=380V
and a control grid bias voltage of Ug1=(-)16V (in triode operation mode,
screen grid connected to the anode). Representing an excellent quiescent point
for single-ended operation which we have chosen for the F2a11 power tube in
our amplifier. Corresponding to an anode dissipation (Pa=28W=380Vx0.073mA)
well below the permissible design maximum of 35W, (Ua, Ug1, Ia, Pa) = (380V,
(-)16V, 73mA, 28.5W).
Automatic grid bias is applied for the F2a11 power tube. The grid bias
voltage cannot be trimmed to adjust the idle current of the power tube!
Allowing for a tight 7% tolerance in anode current under the given voltage
conditions (380V, (-)16V) , only F2a11 tubes with Ia values in the rage 68mA
=73mA-5ma … 78 mA=73mA+5mA are suitable for service in the amplifier. It is
advisable to use only matched pairs of F2a11 tubes tested for the above specs
supplied by the manufacturer or a reliable tube supplier. If there is any
doubt that a given F2A11 tube fulfills the above requirements, the actual idle
current Ia can be determined (with the aid of Ohms law) by measuring the
voltage drop Uk over the cathode resistor Rk (Rk=220 ohms) on the living
object, Ia=Uk/Rw.
Measurements within the F2a11 amplifier circuitry should be carried out by
an experienced technician only!
A 12SN7GT double-triode is used in the driver stages. The amplifier comes with
a tube which has been carefully tested and hand-picked to meet tight
specifications.
The use of a driver tube with questionable characteristics may lead to a
degraded sonic and signal-to-noise performance. Even serious circuit damage
may occur in worst case scenarios!
FUSE
The THÖRESS F2A11 Integrated Power Amplifier draws a current of 0.5 (1.0A)
from the 230Vac (115Vac) mains, corresponding to a power consumption of about
115W. It is protected with a 1A slow-blowing 5x25mm fuse in the power inlet.
Occasionally, the fuse may blow at the moment the amplifier is switched on due
to the current spike drawn by the mains transformer, especially when a power
cord with very low resistance is used. Should this problem arise more
regularly it is advisable to use a fuse with higher current rating.
LOUDSPEAKER LOAD MATCHING
The F2A11 Integrated Amplifier allows for precise 4, 8 and 16 ohm load matching by way of jumpers soldered to the secondary terminals of the output transformer (OPT) according to the patterns indicated below. Each of which pattern corresponds to a specific (primary versus secondary) turns ratio of the OPT.
= secondary terminal, 1 = loudspeaker RED, 8 = loudspeaker BLACK
4 ohm loudspeaker
Connect (1 and 2), (3, 4, 5 and 6), (7 and 8).
8 ohm loudspeaker
Connect (2, 3 and 5), (4, 6 and 7) .
16 ohm loudspeaker
Connect (5 and 2), (6 and 3) and (7 and 4).
A single-ended triode amplifier can adequately drive a loudspeaker when the
OPT is configured for a lower load impedance than the rated impedance of the
loudspeaker, especially when the loudspeaker is highly efficient. In this case
the (primary versus secondary) turns ratio of the OPT is higher than the
nominal index value. This reduces the voltage gain but also the harmonic
distortion and the output resistance of the amplifier, at the expense of a
somewhat lower maximal power output.
It can be beneficial to use a 16 ohm loudspeaker with the 8-ohm or even the
4 ohm load pattern of the OPT, especially when the loudspeaker is highly
efficient!
It is possible to use a 8 ohm loudspeaker with the 4-ohm load pattern of the
OPT, especially when the loudspeaker is highly efficient!
On the other hand, a compromised amplifier performance is definitely to be
expected when the OPT is configured for a higher load impedance than the
actual loudspeaker impedance. Thus:
It is not advisable to use a 4 ohm loudspeaker on the 8-ohm or 16 ohm load
pattern of the OPT!
It is not advisable to use a 8 ohm loudspeaker on the 16-ohm load pattern of
the OPT!
SETUP
To setup the F2a11 Integrated Amplifier switch off all components of the
system and proceed as follows.
Do not connect the amplifier to the mains until steps 1 to 6 have been taken.
-
Bring the power switch on the power inlet module into the OFF position.
-
Install the tubes carefully. Ascertain that the guide pins of the tube bases are properly aligned with the notches of the sockets.
Never power on the amplifier until ALL tubes have been installed!
Never pull out a tube while the amplifier is powered on!
Never pull out a tube of the socket as long as it is still hot!
Always de-install the tubes and wrap them in their original protection case before shipping or transporting the amplifier! -
Set both volume controls to a very low angle of rotation.
-
Bring the amplifier into its final position. Make sure that there is sufficient clearance around the tubes to allow for adequate ventilation!
-
Connect the amplifier to the loudspeakers. Ascertain that the load matching installed on the output transformer suits the loudspeaker impedance. Take notice of the explanations presented in the section LOUDSPEAKER LOAD MATCHING of this manual.
-
Connect the amplifier to program sources and/or a phono preamplifier.
-
Connect the amplifier to the mains (while leaving the unit powered off).
-
Power on the program sources or/and the phono preamplifier (while the F2a11 Integrated remains powered off). Wait until the warm-up process on these components has come to an end.
-
Power on the F2a11 Integrated.
-
Wait until the amplifier has warmed up.
Always switch on the program sources first and then switch on the F2a11 Integrated, observing a delay of at least 30 seconds!
Always make sure that the volume controls are in zero position before powering on the F2a11 Integrated!
Never switch a program source on or off while the F2a11 Integrated is powered on! -
Activate the desired program source with the input selector and listen to music. Use the L+R volume control to adjust the listening loudness and the channel balance.
When powering off the system, always switch off the F2a11 Integrated first,
then switch off the other components of the system observing a delay of at
least 30 seconds!
Keep the original crate and the tube protection case for later use. They have
been specifically designed for safe transport under rough conditions! Shipping
the amplifier in inadequate packaging will result in catastrophic damages!
SETUP II
The F2a11 Integrated can be employed as a stereophonic power amplifier (in
combination with a line or full function preamplifier) in which case the
volume controls of the amplifier serve as input attenuators to match the gain
of the line device with the efficiency of the loudspeaker. In order to setup
the F2a11 Integrated as a stereophonic power amplifier power off all
components of the system and procced as follows.
Do not connect the amplifier to the mains until steps 1 to 7 have been taken.
-
Bring the power switch on the power inlet module to the OFF position.
-
Install the tubes carefully. Ascertain that the guide pins of the tube bases are aligned with the notches of the sockets.
Never power on the amplifier until ALL tubes have been installed!
Never pull out a tube while the amplifier is powered on!
Never pull out a tube of the socket as long as it is still hot!
Always de-install the tubes and wrap them in their original protection case before shipping or transporting the amplifier! -
Set both volume controls to a very low angle of rotation.
-
Bring the amplifier into its final position. Make sure that there is sufficient clearance around the tubes to allow for adequate ventilation.
-
Connect the amplifier to the loudspeakers. Ascertain that the load matching installed on the OPT suits the loudspeaker impedance. Take notice of the explanations presented in the section LOUDSPEAKER LOAD MATCHING of this manual.
-
Choose an arbitrary unassigned input of the F2a11 Amplifier, in the following denoted by STER for the sake of convenient explanation. Activate STER with the input selector. Connect STER with with the (line or full function) preamplifier.
-
Turn the volume control on the preamplifier to about the middle position.
-
Connect the F2a11 amplifier to the mains (while leaving the unit powered off).
-
Power on the preamplifier and the program sources (while the F2a11 Integrated remains powered off). Wait until the warm-up process on all these components has come to an end. Switch the desired program source active on the preamplifier.
-
Power on the F2a11 Amplifier.
-
Wait until the warm-up process on the unit has come to an end.
Always switch on the preamplifier and the program sources first and then switch on the F2a11 amplifier, observing a delay of at least 30 seconds!
Never switch the preamplifier or a program source on or off while the F2a11 Amplifier is powered on! -
Listen to music with the various program sources. Adjust the L+R volume control knob on the F2a11 Amplifier for convenient loudness in average (while the volume control on the preamplifier rests in about the middle position) and correct channel balance. After this adjustment the attenuated gain of the F2a11 amplifier matches the gain of the line section with respect to the efficiency of the loudspeaker.
-
Let the volume controls of the F2a11 Amplifier rest in the positions determined in step 14 and from now on use the volume control knob on the preamplifier for loudness control as long as input STER is switched active.
When powering off the system, always switch off the F2a11 amplifier first, then switch off the other components of the setup, observing a delay of at least 30 seconds!
Keep the original crate and the tube protection case for later use. They have been specifically designed for safe transport under rough conditions! Shipping the amplifier in inadequate packaging will result in catastrophic damages of the unit!
FEATURE OVERVIEW
- All-Tube Integrated Amplifier with 6 watts of output power per channel.
- Minimalist zero-feedback schematic utilizing NOS F2a11 power tubes in single-ended triode mode and a 12SN7GT double-triode in the driver stages.
- 3 inputs (RCA jacks) selectable via rotary dial located on the rear panel.
- Manual volume control via and independently adjustable pair of proprietary high-grade rotary potentiometers with low angle sensitivity (conveniently fine volume adjustment).
- Ultimate C-Core output transformers produced in-house. Precise 4, 8, and 16 ohm loudspeaker load matching via jumper settings on the secondary terminals.
- High-grade electrolytic capacitors made in Germany in the power supply.
- Ultra low noise mains transformer made in-house for 230Vac (115Vac via jumper setting), 100Vac (Japan), 220Vac (South-Korea, China, Thailand, Indonesia) or 245Vac (Australia).
- Full hand construction, point-to-point wiring throughout.
- Nonmagnetic aluminum casework, anodized printing on front and rear panel, powder-coated chassis and lids.
- Dimensions: 150x595xH330 mm, 330=20 (case feet) +210+100 (power tube over case), 595=575+20 (speaker binding posts), weight 18 Kg.
- Dimensions of the shipping crate 400x950xH460 mm.
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THÖRESS…
A Tribute to Professional Audio Components
from the Golden Age of the Electronic Tube !
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