Haitai Solar M10 Haitai Series Photovoltaic Modules Instruction Manual

Installation Instructions
(Suitable for Haiti series photovoltaic modules)
Website：www.haitai-solar.cn
Add: No.88 Harmen Road, Yuta Industrial Zone, Yutan County, Tangshan City,
Hebei Province

Overview

This manual contains information on the installation, maintenance, and safe operation of PV modules produced by the Tangshan Haitian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Only applicable to M2, M6, M10 size of the corresponding series of battery modules. Read  and try to understand this note before installation. Professional installers are required to follow the instructions in the manual when installing the modules. If there is any problem please contact our sales department for help.
Before installing solar PV system, the installers need to familiarize with the requirements of mechanical and electrical aspects. Please keep this manual for later use.

Disclaimer Notices

The installation, operation and use of Haiti New Energy series modules are beyond Haitian’s control. Thereby, Haiti New Energy does not undertake any loss, damage, injury and consequent costs caused by improper installation, operation, use and  maintenance.
Haiti New Energy does not undertake any responsibilities for the violation of patent, third-party rights and other uses of PV products.
Any modification towards any patent or patent right is not allowable if there is no authorization.
This manual is made based on Haiti New Energy’s technology and reliable experience, but the information and recommendations including product specifications do not constitute any warranty.
Haitian New Energy keeps the rights of changing manuals, product information, technical specifications and product data without prior notice.

Safety Precautions

The installation of solar photovoltaic systems requires professional skills and knowledge, thus the installation must be carried out by professionals.
In the process of installation, the installers assumes the risk of injuries, including but not limited to the risk of electric shock.
When exposed to direct sunlight, a single module may produce more than 30V DC voltage. The exposure with 30V or higher DC voltage has potential risks.
The electric arcs may occur when disconnecting or linking the photovoltaic modules exposed to the sunlight. This arc may cause burns, a fire or other problems.
Do not disconnect the linking between the modules or between the modules and inverters in case of the load.
The photovoltaic modules could convert the power energy into DC power. The modules could be applied for the ground, roofs, vehicles or boat and other outdoor environment. It is system designer and installers’ responsibility to reasonably design the support structure.
Do not disassemble the modules or remove other attached brands or parts.
Do not spray or glue on the upper and lower surfaces of the modules.
Do not use the mirror or other magnifying glass equipment to concentrate the sunlight artificially to the modules.
It needs to comply with all the local, regional and national laws and obtain a construction permit when necessary in the process of installing the system.
It needs to keep the children away from the system when transporting and installing mechanical and electrical components.
Do not wear metal rings, watch straps, ear, nose, lip rings or other metal parts when installing or inspecting the photovoltaic system.

The qualified insulating tools are the only choice for the electrical installation work.

Comply with the safety requirements of all other modules used in the system, including wiring lines and cables, connection devices, charging controllers, inverters, batteries and rechargeable batteries.
Use the equipment suitable for solar power system, connection device, wiring lines and support frame only. In a particular photovoltaic system, use a type of module as much as possible and use the same type of the module in the same PV array only. Each input  voltage of the same tracking system of each inverter must be equal and the same type of modules must be used.
Under normal outdoor conditions, the current and voltage generated by the module are different from those listed in the parameter table. The parameter table is measured under the standard test conditions (1000w/m2 irradiance, AM 1.5 spectrum, 25°c  temperature), so when determining other modules’ rated voltage, conductor capacity, fuse capacity, controller capacity and other parameters correlated to module output power, it should refer to the value of short-circuit current and open circuit voltage marked  on the module and design and install the module according to the value of 125%.
The component is applicable to the ambient temperature (-40 ° C to +85 ° C). The recommended operating temperature is (-20 ° C to +50 ° C).

Unpacking and Storage

When receiving the goods, you should check whether the goods delivered are indeed ordered goods: the outside of each box are marked with the product name, packaging box number, module barcode.
The packaging carton should be stored in a clean, dry area, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
At the installation site, pay attention to keep clean and dry for the components, especially the electrical connections. If the connector cable is wet, the connections may be corroded, and the components that be corroded at any connections should not be used.
If the tray is temporarily stored outside, please put a protective cover to prevent it from being directly affected by the weather.
Two staff members are required to unpack the packaging carton. Be sure to use both hands when removing the modules. Do not carry the modules through the wires and junction boxes.

If the modules needed to be temporarily stored outside, please protect the edge of the module well.
It is forbidden to stand or walk on modules in any case.
It is forbidden to drop or stack items on the modules.

Environment Conditions

The modules can be installed in the following environment for more than 25 years

Note：
The installation method is very important for the mechanical load. Failure to follow the installation of this manual will result in different snow pressure and wind pressure load capacity.
The system builder needs to ensure that the installation is in accordance with local laws and regulations.

Mechanical Installation

Site Selection
In north latitude area it is best to face south for the module, while in south latitude area, it is best to face north. It is best that the front of the module is perpendicular to the direction of the midday sun light.
Fix bracket installation, the module is recommended to be installed at an optimum angle of inclination for maximum capture of sunlight. According to the right hand helical law, basically the same latitude as the installation site, facing the equator. The design  must be based on local conditions and choose the best inclination.
Track bracket installation, installation methods are also two kinds of block and bolt installation, specific installation methods refer to the installation instructions, at this time the module does not have a fixed installation inclination, nor will it face the equator, but the angle of tracking the sun from east to west.
When installing solar modules on the roof, be sure to maintain a safe working area between the edge of the roof and the solar arrays. There must be a certain safety distance between arrays of large power stations in order to facilitate the cleaning, inspection, and maintenance of the modules inside the array.
The components shall be installed in a position with full sunlight and shall not be covered from 9:00 to 15:00 on the winter solstice.
The modules can not be used in the vicinity of the equipment or place where the flammable gas is generated or stored.
The modules can not be installed in the environmental area where module defects are caused by various chemical reactions, such as acid rain, alkaline gas, salt mist, etc.
The modules can not be installed in the environmental area that exceeds the maximum system voltage of the modules, such as high-voltage power lines. The module’s position should be maintained at a safe distance from the high- voltage power while the safe distance is determined by the high voltage level.
If the modules are to be installed on the floor of a dwelling, local regulations such as fences should be complied with (the fences should be kept at a certain distance from the array to avoid shading impact of the fence on the array).
Do not install the PV modules in places that may be immersed in water or continuously exposed to sprinklers or fountains.

Mounting Bracket Options
When installing the modules on the bracket, the pillar and module installation structure should be chosen those can withstand the local expected earthquake level.
The bracket structure must be made of a durable, anti-corrosion, anti- ultraviolet materials.

Module Installation
When carrying the modules, two hands are required to grasp the modules and keep a level of stability. It is forbidden to shake severely, carry the module by one person, drag the module, pull the connecting lines of junction box and handle two and more modules.
Place the modules on a flat ground, place the cardboard in the bottom and the glass surface is forbidden to directly touch the ground.
When the module is placed on the ground, it is forbidden to stack debris, step on, sit down and have other actions that may cause deformation for the module.
Do not step on the module during installation. Do not drag the module on the bracket.
When the modules is installed on buildings or roofs, it needs to ensure that they are securely fastened and will not be damaged by strong wind or snow.
Ensure that the back of the modules good ventilation for cooling the modules.
When installing the modules on the roofs, make sure the roof structure is suitable.
In addition, the roofs must be properly sealed to prevent leakage.
The gap between the module frame and the wall or roof should be at least 115mm.
If there are other installation methods, it may affect the assessment of fire rating.
The spacing between two modules should be at least 10mm.
The installation can not block the module’ drain hole.

Installation Method
All installation methods described here are for reference only, and our company is not responsible for providing relevant installation parts. The design, installation, mechanical load and safety of module system must be completed by professional system installers or experienced personnel.

Fixture installation

Cautions
Please select an appropriate fixture for installation according to the aluminum alloy frame of the component.
Module with frame fixtures meet the following requirements.
thickness：≥ 3 mm
Length :≥40 mm
Material: Aluminum alloy
Bolts: M8
Tightening torque: 18-24 N.m
The fixture can not deform the module; the installation guide rail and fixture should avoid blocking the cells; the contact surface between the fixture and the frame must be smooth to prevent the frame damage from damaging the modules;
the drainage hole should not be blocked by the fixture.

Installation holes

Cautions
Use the mounting hole on the back of the module to fix the module on the bracket.
You are advised to use mounting holes 1 and 2 to install bolts, nuts, and washers
Material: Stainless steel
Dimensions and lengths: M8
For 30mm height frame components, fastening L≤20mm is recommended
Tightening torque: 14-20 N.m
Using mounting holes 3 Bolts, nuts, and washers must meet the following requirements
Material: Stainless steel
Dimensions and lengths: M6
For 30mm height frame components, fastening L≤20mm is recommended
Tightening torque: 8-12 N.m

Installation Point Location Description
The normal level load design is suitable for most environments: the maximum load on the back of the module is 2400 pa( equivalent to wind pressure) and the maximum load on the front is 2400 pa( equivalent to wind pressure).
The higher load design is suitable for harsh environmental conditions (such as storm, heavy snow, etc.): the maximum load on the back of the module is 2400 pa( equivalent to wind pressure), and the maximum load on the front is 5400 pa( equivalent to wind pressure and snow pressure). Different load bearing can be obtained by selecting different fixture quantity, size and installation range.

Fixture Installation Position

The load strength of module with frame is shown in the table below (L is the length of the module)

Drawing| Type| Number of fixtures| Fixture Length| Clamping A distance| Positive load| Negative load
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
C| all| 4| >40mm| L/5+50 mm| 2400pa| 2400pa
D| all| 4| >40mm| L/5+50 mm| 5400pa| 2400pa

Installation Position
If you use mounting holes to install components, mounting rails cross the long frame, select either mounting holes 1 or 2 based on the applicable version, or both.

Note: M2, M6, and M10 refer to the series modules of batteries of corresponding sizes.
You can also select Installation 3 to fix the tracking system
The load strength to be sustained is as follows:

Electrical Installation

Grounding Connection

• All solar pv module frames and mounting brackets must be aligned in accordance with the corresponding National Electrical Code or local electrical code regulations.

• You are advised to use a 4-14mm2 copper conductor (AWG 6-12) as the grounding conductor. The ground hole of the component is marked with “ ” .The ground wire must also be connected to the ground through a suitable ground electrode. All conductive connections must be securely connected .

• the diameter of the ground hole is 4.2mm on the aluminum alloy frame at the rear of the photovoltaic module. Connect the ground cable and related accessories to the aluminum alloy frame of the solar photovoltaic module and connect the ground cable to  the ground. It is recommended to use M4 x 12mm ground bolt with M4 nut, star washer and flat washer. This ensures that the component is securely grounded. You can learn about the number, size and position of the grounding holes in detail on the  Product drawings of Haiti. The torsional torque for grounding fixation is 4-8N ·m.

• In addition to using the ground hole for grounding, you can also use the following methods for grounding

• Use unused mounting holes for grounding

• Other special grounding devices No matter which grounding method is adopted, all grounding electrical contacts with the aluminum alloy frame of the PHOTOVOLTAIC module need to penetrate the anodized coating of the aluminum frame. When  grounding a third-party grounding device, such as a dedicated grounding device, ensure that the device is reliable and professionally certified. When installing the device, comply with the manufacturer’s regulations.

Test. Debugging and Troubleshooting
The serial modules are connected to the test before the system. Use digital multimeter (recommended Fluke 170 series or digital multimeter which DC range can reach 1500V) to check open-circuit voltage of the series modules. The measurement value should be  equal to the sum of the open-circuit voltage of a single module and you will find the rated voltage in the technical specification of the type module you are using.
Low voltage troubleshooting. Identify the normal low voltage and fault low voltage. The normal low voltage mentioned here refers to the decrease of the open circuit voltage of the module caused by the temperature increase of the solar cell or the decrease of the  irradiance. Fault Low voltage is usually caused by improper terminal connection or bypass diode damage.

Blocking Diode and Bypass Diode Troubleshooting
Blocking diodes could prevent current from flowing from the battery to the module when the module is not generating current. If you do not use the charge controller, it is recommended to use blocking diodes. About charge controller, please consult a professional dealer.
In the system, hot spot effect occurs when part of the module is blocked and other parts are exposed to the sunshine and thereby lead to overheat of the battery and damage the module. Using bypass diodes in the module protects the module from being affected  by this excessive reverse current. All modules those rated power are more than 55 watts have a bypass diode integrated in the junction box.

On-grid Electrical System
Try to use the same components in a photovoltaic power generation system, the number of modules in series （N）≤Vuma）/[Vic(attest)].V (Max) is the maximum system voltage of the component, and Vac(attest) is the open-circuit voltage under the nominal state of the component.
Several modules in series, and then form a PV array in parallel, which is particularly suitable for high voltage situations. If the modules are connected in series, the total voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages of the individual modules.
In the case of using high current, you can put several PV modules in parallel, the total current is equal to the sum of the current of each module.
The module can provide prefabricated connectors for system’s electrical connections. As for cable size, type and temperature and other parameters’ choice, please refer to the relevant rules.
The cable cross-section surface and connector’s size must meet the maximum system short-circuit current, otherwise the cables and connectors will overheat because of excessive current and has the danger of burning!
When installing, the junction box’s one end to be upward to avoid being rained.
Protect yourself from electric shock when debugging or repairing the solar system.
Wear protective gloves and insulated shoes and other protective equipment. Use special electrician tools for repairs.

Maintenance

To ensure the best performance of the solar panels, Haiti New Energy provide the following maintenance measures.
The solar panel should be cleaned in the morning or evening when the power is low or no power is processing.
Cleaning the glass surface when necessary through clean water and soft objects.
The neutral detergent should be used for cleaning while the acidic or alkaline or abrasive detergent is forbidden.
For large-scale systems, when considering whether all of the dust and deposits on the solar cell array should be cleaned or not, factors such as cleaning costs, increased energy output after cleaning, and the time it takes to get dirty again after cleaning need to be  taken into consideration. If you are not sure whether the array or its sections need to be cleaned or not, you should firstly select the heavily polluted array string and then measure and record the inverter’s input current from that string.

1. Clean all the modules within a string.
2. Measure the input current of the inverter again and calculate improvement percentage after the cleaning.
3. If the improvement degree is less than 5%, it is usually not worthy to pay the cost for cleaning.

In case of rainy weather, do not deliver the electricity if the inverter or other electrical equipment is power off. It is better to check and ensure that there is no problem in the lines before sending the electricity.
When cleaning, the solar panel can not be washed with a high-pressure water gun for avoiding line leakage caused by excessive pressure in the connection place of the solar panel.
Conduct a mechanical and electrical inspection for every six months and ensure that the surface is clean and the connection is reliable.
If any other abnormal situation occurs, please consult factory or experienced engineer.
Observe the maintenance instructions for all parts used in the system, such as bracket, charge controller, inverter, solar cell, etc.

References

• . - Bing Dictionary
• and - Bing Dictionary
• Debugging - Bing Dictionary
• Test - Bing Dictionary
• troubleshooting - Bing Dictionary
• 光伏组件生产企业 - 海泰新能

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