elektor ZD-11E Quasi Analog Clockwork Kit Instruction Manual

: September 14, 2024
: Elektor

Table of Contents

elektor ZD-11E Quasi Analog Clockwork Kit
Product Specifications
Product Usage Instructions
FAQ
Kit Contents
Tools Needed
Assembling the PCB
Adjusting Trimmer Capacitor C7
Bill of Materials
Specifications
Schematic and PCB Layout
Disclaimer
References
Read User Manual Online (PDF format)
Download This Manual (PDF format)

elektor ZD-11E Quasi Analog Clockwork Kit

Product Specifications

Brand: Elektor
Product: Quasi Analog Clockwork Kit
Model: 20944
Components: PCB and all parts listed in the Bill of Materials

Product Usage Instructions

Tools Required

Soldering iron with a relatively small tip
Cutting pliers
Flat-jaw pliers
Flat and clean surface to place the PCB on during soldering

Component Placement and Soldering Order:

Solder Trimmer C7
Solder Transistors T1 and T2
Place Terminal block K1 on the bottom side (refer to Fig. 5)
Solder Crystal X1

Soldering Process:

Follow the instructions provided in the manual to solder all components in the correct order.
Ensure components are fitted and soldered properly as shown in the images.

FAQ

Q: Where can I find the complete construction manual?
- A: The complete construction manual is available as a downloadable PDF at www.elektor.com/20944.
Q: What components are included in the Elektor Quasi Analog Clockwork Kit?
- A: The kit includes a PCB and all parts listed in the Bill of Materials section.
Q: What tools do I need for soldering the components?
- A: You will need a soldering iron with a small tip, cutting pliers, flat-jaw pliers, and a flat, clean surface to work on.

Kit Contents

The kit supplied by Elektor contains the PCB and all parts stated in the Bill of Materials found in section 5.
The next photo shows the components in the kit.

The following images show the top and bottom side of the PCB contained in the kit.

Tools Needed

Soldering equipment for through-hole components. Soldering iron with a relatively small tip.
Cutting pliers
Flat-jaw pliers
Flat and clean surface to place the PCB on when soldering the components

Assembling the PCB

Start by placing the lowest components first and solder them. The quartz crystal, X1, is the smallest and most fragile component and best fitted when the rest of the components are placed and soldered. In case of the diodes, pay attention to the cathode marking. First solder one lead and check polarity again — it’s easier to remove a diode with just one lead soldered. When turning over the PCB to solder the leads, make sure the surface is perfectly flat. After soldering the first leads — also applicable to the resistors — check if the body of every component is level and flush on the PCB surface. Then solder the second lead of each component.

Place the following components and solder them in this order:

1. Diodes D145 – D156
2. Resistors R1 – R26
3. Diode D164
4. Tactile switch S1
5. All IC sockets: first solder 2 pins in opposite corners of each IC socket and check they are all fitted correctly; then solder the rest
6. Capacitors C5 (22 pF) and C6 (10 pF)
7. Capacitors C1 – C4, C8 – C18
8. LEDs D1 – D144, D162, D163

The short leads (i.e. cathodes) of the LEDs in the circle are on the outside. When soldering, pay close attention to this! Place one LED at a time and solder one lead of each LED only and check if it’s placed perpendicular with the PCB surface and if the last LED soldered lines up perfectly with the previously soldered ones. Check if this is the case, with every LED, every time! Also place the green LEDs in the correct position.

Between two green LEDs go 11 red LEDs. If everything looks good it’s safe to solder the second lead of each LED. Before soldering, make 12 stacks of 12 LEDs, 11 red and 1 green. This is to remind you that after 11 red LEDs one green LED must be soldered. Placing all 144 LEDs in the circle first and soldering them all at once will not work since the transparent plastic of the LEDs is subject to tolerances too much, and the holes in the pads are larger than the LED wire diameter.

Proceed with soldering:

9. Trimmer C7
10. Transistors T1 and T2
11. Terminal block K1 (place it on the bottom side, see Fig. 5)
12. Crystal X1

Adjusting Trimmer Capacitor C7

Adjusting C7 requires a frequency counter with at least a 7 digits. Many modern multimeters with an graphical display also are able to measure frequency but not that accurately. The latter can be used to get an indication whether or not the 8 Hz deviates too much. Measure at pin 1 of IC1. If an accurate frequency measurement isn’t possible, adjust the trimmer halfway. A quote from the datasheet published for the trimmer used (BFC280823109): “Life of trimmer is specified as 10 cycles maximum, rotation in 180° only (is the effective angle of rotation). The electrical and mechanical performance is not guaranteed if rotated beyond 10 cycles.” Also solder the trimmer as close as possible to the board!

Bill of Materials

Resistors
(body 2.5 x 6.8mm, 250mW)

R1, R22, R24 = 2.2kΩ
R2 = 390kΩ
R3, R5, R6, R7 = 82kΩ
R4 = 1kΩ
R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, R18, R19 = 8.2kΩ
R20 = 20MΩ
R21 = 330kΩ
R23 = 560Ω
R25 = 470Ω
R26 = 100kΩ

Capacitors

C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18 = 100nF, 50V, ceramic X7R, lead spacing 5mm
C5 = 22pF, 50V, 5 %, ceramic C0G/NP0,lead spacing 5mm
C6 = 10pF, 50V, 5 %, ceramic C0G/NP0, lead spacing 5mm
C7 = 3~10 pF, trimmer capacitor, 150V, through hole (BFC280823109 Vishay BCcomponents)

Semiconductors

D1, D13, D25, D37, D49, D61, D73, D85, D97, D109, D121, D133 = LED green, 3mm (T1), flat side, no ledge
D2-D12, D14-D24, D26-D36, D50-D60, D62-D72, D74-D84, D86-D96, D98-D108, D110-D120, D122-D132, D134-D144, D162, D163 = LED red, 3 mm (T1), flat side, no ledge
D145, D146, D147, D148, D149, D150, D151, D152, D153, D154, D155,
D156 = 1N4148, DO-35
D164 = 1N4004, DO-41
T1, T2 = BC547B, TO-92
IC1 = CD4060, DIP-16
IC2 = 74HC21, DIP-14
IC3, IC4 = 74HC132, DIP-14
IC5, IC6 = 74HC4024, DIP-14
IC7, IC8, IC9, IC10 = 74HC4051, DIP-16
IC11 = 74HC4040, DIP-16

Miscellaneous:

K1 = 2-way wire-to-board terminal block, 3.5mm pitch
S1 = 6mm tactile push button
X1 = 32.768kHz crystal, 20ppm, Cload 12.5pF, 8x3mm cylinder package
IC2, IC3, IC4, IC5, IC6 = IC socket, DIP, 14 contacts
IC1, IC7, IC8, IC9, IC10, IC11 = IC socket, DIP, 16 contacts
PCB no. 240118-1 v1.1

Specifications

Supply voltage 5 V
Supply current 11 mA max.
Power supply indicator 1 LED
Time display 12 hours in a circle
Display 144 LEDs
LED circle 132 red LEDs, 12 green LEDs
Resolution (display) 5 minutes
Seconds indication 1 LED in center of circle, blinking at 0.5 Hz
Technology 10 pcs HC-logic series ICs, 1 pc. 4000-logic series IC
Reference signal 32 kHz quartz oscillator, adjustable
Set clock 1 pushbutton, 5 minutes step
Programming needed no

Web Link

Project as published on Elektor Labs: https://www.elektormagazine.com/labs/quasi-analog-clockwork-an-elektor-classic-a-remake

Schematic and PCB Layout

Notice

This document is complementary to the information contained in the engineering background and discussions posted on the Elektor Labs website.

Disclaimer

The circuits described in the manual are for domestic and educational use only. All drawings, photographs, PCB layouts, and article texts are copyright Elektor International Media b.v. and may not be reproduced, transmitted, or stored in any form in whole or in part without the prior written consent from the Publisher. Patent protection may exist in respect or circuits and devices described here. The Publisher does not accept responsibility for failing to identify such patent(s) or other protection. The Publisher also disclaims any responsibility for the safe and proper function of reader-assembled projects based upon or from schematics or information published in or in relation with this Manual.

Published by Elektor International Media b.v., PO Box 11, NL-6114-JG, Susteren, The Netherlands. www.elektor.com; www.elektormagazine.com.

This manual is available as a downloadable PDF.
You can find this essential document at the following address: www.elektor.com/20944