KARCHER HD 2.8 Pressure Washer User Manual

: June 3, 2024
: Karcher

KARCHER HD 2.8 Pressure Washer

KARCHER-HD 2-8-Pressure-Washer-PRODUCT

Machine Data Label

Model: ……………………………………………………
Date of Purchase: ……………………………………………………
Serial Number: ……………………………………………………
Dealer: ……………………………………………………
Address: ……………………………………………………
Phone Number: ……………………………………………………
Sales Representative: ……………………………………………………

MODELS

HD 2.8/10 ST Ed B
- 1.575-300.0
HD 4.2/20 ST Ea B
- 1.575-301.0
HD 4.2/20 ST Eb B
- 1.575-302.0
HD 4.2/20 ST Ec B
- 1.575-303.0
HD 4.2/20 ST Eh B
- 1.575-305.0
HD 3.5/30 ST Ea B
- 1.575-306.0
HD 3.5/30 ST Eb B
- 1.575-307.0
HD 3.5/30 ST Ec B
- 1.575-308.0
HD 3.5/30 ST Eg B
- 1.575-309.0
HD 3.5/30 ST Eh B
- 1.575-310.0
HD 2.8/10 ST Ed B SS
- 1.106-603.0
HD 3.9/20 ST Ea B SS
- 1.106-604.0
HD 3.9/20 ST Ec B SS
- 1.106-605.0
HD 3.9/20 ST Eh B SS
- 1.106-606.0
HD 3.5/30 ST Ea B SS
- 1.106-607.0
HD 3.5/30 ST Ec B SS
- 1.106-608.0
HD 5.6/25 ST Ec B SS
- 1.106-609.0

How To Use This Manual

This manual contains the following sections:

How to Use This Manual
Safety
Operations
Maintenance
Parts List

The HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL section will tell you how to find important information for ordering correct repair parts.

Parts may be ordered from authorized dealers. When placing an order for parts, the machine model and machine serial number are important. Refer to the MACHINE DATA box which is filled out during the installation of your machine. The MACHINE DATA box is located on the inside of the front cover of this manual.

Model: ……………………………………………………
Date of Purchase: ……………………………………………………
Serial Number: ……………………………………………………
Dealer: ……………………………………………………
Address: ……………………………………………………
Phone Number: ……………………………………………………
Sales Representative: ……………………………………………………

The model and serial numbers will be found on a decal attached to the pressure washer.

The SAFETY section contains important information regarding hazardous or unsafe practices of the machine. Levels of hazards are identified that could result in product damage, personal injury, or severe injury resulting in death.

The OPERATIONS section is to familiarize the operator with the operation and function of the machine. The MAINTENANCE section contains preventive maintenance to keep the machine and its components in good working condition. They are listed in this general order:

Preventative Maintenance
Oil Changing Record
Troubleshooting

The PARTS LIST section contains assembled parts illustrations and corresponding parts list. The parts lists include a number of columns of information:

REF: column refers to the reference number on the parts illustration.
PART NO: column lists the part number for the part.
QTY: column lists the quantity of the part used in that area of the machine.
DESCRIPTION: column is a brief description of the part.
NOTES: column for information not noted by the other columns.

NOTE

If a service or option kit is installed on your machine, be sure to keep the KIT INSTRUCTIONS that came with the kit. It contains replacement parts numbers needed for ordering future parts.
The manual part number is located on the lower right corner of the front cover.

Safety

Introduction & Safety Information

Thank you for purchasing this Pressure Washer. We reserve the right to make changes at any time without incurring any obligation.

Owner/User Responsibility

The owner and/or user must have an understanding of the manufacturer’s operating instructions and warnings before using this pressure washer. Warning information should be emphasized and understood. If the operator is not fluent in English, the manufacturer’s instructions and warnings shall be read to and discussed with the operator in the operator’s native language by the purchaser/owner, making sure that the operator comprehends its contents. Owner and/or user must study and maintain for future reference the manufacturers’ instructions. The operator must know how to stop the machine quickly and understand the operation of all controls. Never permit anyone to operate the engine without proper instructions.

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS

This manual should be considered a permanent part of the machine and should remain with it if machine is resold.
When ordering parts, please specify model and serial number. Use only identical replacement parts.
This machine is to be used only by trained operators.

Important Safety Information

WARNING

To reduce the risk of injury, read operating instructions carefully before using.
READ OPERATOR’S MANUAL THOROUGHLY PRIOR TO USE.

Read the owner’s manual thoroughly. Failure to follow instructions could cause malfunction of the machine and result in death, serious bodily injury and/or property damage.
Know how to stop the machine and bleed pressure quickly. Be thoroughly familiar with the controls.
Stay alert watch what you are doing.
All installations must comply with local codes. Contact your electrician, plumber, utility company or the selling dealer for specific details.

DANGER: Improper connection of the equipment grounding conductor can result in a risk of electrocution. Check with a qualified electrician or service personnel if you are in doubt as to whether the outlet is properly grounded. Do not modify the plug provided with the product – if it will not fit the outlet, have a proper outlet installed by a qualified electrician. Do not use any type of adapter with this product.

WARNING

Keep wand, hose, and water spray away from electric wiring or fatal electric shock may result.
KEEP WATER SPRAY AWAY FROM ELECTRICAL WIRING.

To protect the operator from electrical shock, the machine must be electrically grounded. It is the responsibility of the owner to connect this machine to a UL grounded receptacle of proper voltage and amperage ratings. Do not spray water on or near electrical components. Do not touch machine with wet hands or while standing in water. Always disconnect power before servicing.

WARNING

Flammable liquids can create fumes which can ignite, causing property damage or severe injury.
Risk of explosion: Do not spray flammable liquids.
RISK OF EXPLOSION: DO NOT SPRAY FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS.

Do not allow acids, caustic or abrasive fluids to pass through the pump.
Never run pump dry or leave spray gun closed longer than 1-2 minutes.
Keep operating area clear of all persons.

WARNING

High-pressure spray can cause paint chips or other particles to become airborne and fly at high speeds. To avoid personal injury, eye, hand and foot safety devices must be worn.
USE PROTECTIVE EYE WEAR AND CLOTHING WHEN OPERATING THIS EQUIPMENT.

Always wear properly rated eye protection such as safety goggles or face shield while spraying. (Safety glasses do not provide full protection.)

WARNING

Grip cleaning wand securely with both hands before starting. Failure to do this could result in injury from a whipping wand.
TRIGGER GUN KICKS BACK HOLD WITH BOTH HANDS.
High pressure developed by these machines will cause personal injury or equipment damage. Keep clear of nozzle. Use caution when operating. Do not direct discharge stream at people or animals or severe injury or death will result.
RISK OF INJECTION OR SEVERE INJURY TO PERSONS. KEEP CLEAR OF THE NOZZLE.

To reduce the risk of injury, close supervision is necessary when a machine is used near children. Do not allow children to operate the pressure washer. This machine must be attended during operation.
Never make adjustments on machine while in operation.
Be certain all quick coupler fittings are secured before using pressure washer.

WARNING

Protect machine from freezing.
PROCTECT FROM FREEZING.

To keep machine in best operating conditions, it is important you protect machine from freezing. Failure to protect machine from freezing could cause malfunction of the machine and result in death, serious bodily injury, and/or property damage. Follow storage instructions specified in this manual.
Inlet water must be clean fresh water and no hotter then 145°F.
Manufacturer will not be liable for any changes made to our standard machines or any components not purchased from us.
The best insurance against an accident is precaution and knowledge of the machine.

WARNING

Be extremely careful when using a ladder, scaffolding or any other relatively unstable location. The cleaning area should have adequate slopes and drainage to reduce the possibility of a fall due to slippery surfaces.
RISK OF INJURY FROM FALLS WHEN USING LADDER.

Do not overreach or stand on unstable support. Keep good footing and balance at all times.
Do not operate this machine when fatigued or under the influence of alcohol, prescription medications, or drugs.

WARNING

Do not spray machine or any people, animals or electrical parts.
DO NOT SPRAY MACHINE OR ANY PEOPLE, ANIMALS OR ELECTRICAL PARTS.
If the connection is made to a potable water system, the system shall be protected against backflow.
IF CONNECTED TO A POTABLE WATER SUPPLY, PROTECT AGAINST BACKFLOW.

Follow the maintenance instructions specified in the manual.

Operations

Component Identification

KARCHER-HD 2-8-Pressure-Washer-FIG-1

Detergent Injector: Allows you to siphon and mix detergents, when used with soap nozzle.
High-Pressure Hose: Connect one end to water pump discharge nipple and the other end to spray gun.
Spray Gun: Controls the application of water and detergent onto cleaning surface with trigger device. Includes safety latch.
Wand: Must be connected to the spray gun.
Swivel Connector: Allows free range of movement to avoid coiling hoses.

NOTE: If trigger on spray gun is released for more than 2 minutes, water will leak from pump protector valve. Warm water will discharge onto floor and cool water will allow the pump protector to seal. This system prevents internal pump damage.

Assembly Instructions

KARCHER-HD 2-8-Pressure-Washer-FIG-2

STEP 1: Attach the high pressure hose to the spray gun using teflon tape on hose threads. Use safety latch to prevent from opening.
STEP 2: Connect garden hose to the cold water source. Before installing nozzle, turn on water supply and run machine, allowing water to flush through the system until clear.
STEP 3: Insert nozzle into coupler. Release the coupler collar and push the nozzle until the collar clicks. Pull the nozzle to make sure it is seated properly.
STEP 4: Connect the high pressure hose to the outlet discharge fitting. Push coupler collar forward until secure. Connect the garden hose to pump water inlet. Inspect inlets.

CAUTION: Do not run the pump without water or pump damage will result.

Operating Instructions

STEP 1: Connect garden hose to the cold water source and turn water on completely. Never use hot water.
STEP 2: Trigger the spray gun to eliminate trapped air then wait for a steady flow of water to emerge from the spray wand. Then install nozzle.
STEP 3: Turn machine on by pushing switch at front of machine.

WARNING: Never replace nozzles without engaging the safety latch on the spray gun trigger.

NOZZLES

The five color-coded quick-connect nozzles provide a wide array of spray widths from 0° to 40° and are easily accessible when placed in the convenient rubber nozzle holder, which is provided on the front of the machine.

NOTE: For a more gentle rinse, select the white 40° or green 25° nozzle. To scour the surface, select the yellow 15° or red 0° nozzle. To apply detergent select the black nozzle.

Detergents And General Operating Techniques

WARNING: Some detergents may be harmful if inhaled or ingested, causing severe nausea, fainting or poisoning. The harmful elements may cause property damage or severe injury.

STEP 1: Use detergent designed specifically for pressure washers. Household detergents could damage the pump. Prepare detergent solution as required by the manufacturer. Fill a container with pressure washer detergent. Place the filter end of detergent suction tube into the detergent container.

STEP 2: Apply safety latch to spray gun trigger. Secure black detergent nozzle into quick coupler.

NOTE: Detergent cannot be applied using the Yellow nozzle.

STEP 3: With the motor running, pull trigger to operate machine. Liquid detergent is drawn into the machine and mixed with water. Apply detergent to work area. Do not allow detergent to dry on surface.

IMPORTANT: You must flush the detergent injection system after each use by placing the suction tube into a bucket of clean water, then run the pressure washer in low pressure for 1-2 minutes.

Thermal Pump Protection

If you run your pressure washer for 2 minutes without pressing the trigger on the spray gun, circulating water in the pump can reach high temperatures. When the water reaches this temperature, the pump protector engages and cools the pump by discharging the warm water onto the ground. This thermal device prevents internal damage to the pump.

Cleaning Tips

Pre-rinse cleaning surface with fresh water. Place detergent suction tube directly into cleaning solution and apply to surface at low pressure (for best results, limit your work area to sections approximately 6’ square and always apply detergent from bottom to top). Allow detergent to remain on surface 1-3 minutes. Do not allow detergent to dry on surface. If surface appears to be drying, simply wet down surface with fresh water. If needed, use brush to remove stubborn dirt. Rinse at high pressure from top to bottom in an even sweeping motion keeping the spray nozzle approximately 1’ from cleaning surface. Use overlapping strokes as you clean and rinse any surface. For best surface cleaning action spray at a slight angle.

Recommendations

Before cleaning any surface, an inconspicuous area should be cleaned to test spray pattern and distance for maximum cleaning results.
If painted surfaces are peeling or chipping, use extreme caution as pressure washer may remove the loose paint from the surface.
Keep the spray nozzle a safe distance from the surface you plan to clean. High pressure wash a small area, then check the surface for damage. If no damage is found, continue to pressure washing.

CAUTION: Never use:

Bleach, chlorine or other corrosive chemicals
Liquids containing solvents (i.e., paint thinner, gasoline, oils)
Tri-sodium phosphate products
Ammonia products or acid-based products

These chemicals will harm the machine and will damage the surface being cleaned.

Rinsing

It will take a few seconds for the detergent to clear. Apply safety latch to spray gun. Remove black soap nozzle from the quick coupler. Select and install the desired high pressure nozzle.

NOTE: You can also stop detergent from flowing by simply removing detergent siphon tube from bottle.

Shutting Down And Clean-Up

STEP 1: Remove detergent suction tube from soap container and insert into one gallon of fresh water. Use black soap nozzle with detergent injector. Pull trigger on spray gun and siphon water for one minute.
STEP 2: Turn off machine by pushing switch on front panel.
STEP 3: Turn off water supply.
STEP 4: Press trigger to release water pressure.
STEP 5: Disconnect the garden hose from the water inlet on the machine. Protect from freezing.
STEP 6: Disconnect the high pressure hose from high pressure outlet.
STEP 7: Engage the spray gun safety lock.

Storage Pump Storage

CAUTION: Always store your pressure washer in a location where the temperature will not fall below 32° F (0° C). The pump in this machine is susceptible to permanent damage if frozen.

FREEZE DAMAGE IS NOT COVERED BY WARRANTY

If you must store your pressure washer in a location where the temperature is below 32° F, you can minimize the chance of damage to your machine by draining your machine as follows:

Stop the pressure washer and detach supply hose and high pressure hose. Squeeze the trigger of the spray gun to drain all water from the wand and hose.
Restart pressure washer and let it run briefly (about 5 seconds) until water no longer discharges from the high pressure outlet.

Maintenance

Preventative Maintenance

This pressure washer was produced with the best available materials and quality craftsmanship. However, you as the owner, have certain responsibilities for the correct care of the equipment. Attention to regular preventative maintenance procedure will assist in preserving the performance of your equipment. Contact your dealer for maintenance. Regular preventative maintenance will add many hours to the life of your pressure washer. Perform maintenance more often under severe conditions.

Maintenance Schedule

Pump Oil

SAE 10W-40 non-foaming oil

Oil Change Record

Check pump oil level before first use. Change pump oil after first 50 hours and every month or 500 hours thereafter. Use SAE 10W-40 non-foaming oil.

Date Oil Changed Month/Day/Year| Estimated Operating Hours Since Last Oil Change
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Troubleshooting

PROBLEM	POSSIBLE CAUSE	SOLUTION

PUMP RUNNING

NORMALLY BUT PRESSURE LOW ON INSTALLATION

| Pump sucking air| Check water supply and possibility of air.
Check valves sticking| Check and clean or replace if necessary.
Unloader valve seat faulty| Check and replace if necessary.
Nozzle incorrectly sized| Check and replace if necessary.
Worn piston packing| Check and replace if necessary.

FLUCTUATING PRESSURE

PRESSURE LOW AFTER PERIOD OF NORMAL USE

| Nozzle worn| Check and replace if necessary.
Suction or delivery valves worn| Check and replace if necessary.
Suction or delivery valves blocked| Check and clean if necessary.
Unloader valve seat worn| Check and replace if necessary.

Unloader adjusted improperly

| Call local Karcher dealer. Tampering with the

factory setting may cause personal injury and/or property damage and will void the manufacturer’s warranty.

Worn piston packing| Check and replace if necessary.
Bypass valve within unloader is

obstructed or leaking

| Remove and clean bypass cartridge.

PUMP NOISY

| Air in suction line| Check water supply and connections on suction

line.

Broken or weak suction or delivery

valve spring

| Check and replace if necessary.
Foreign matter in valves| Check and clean if necessary.
Worn bearings| Check and clean if necessary.
Excessive temperature of water| Reduce to below 140°F.
PRESENCE OF

WATER IN PUMP OIL

| Oil seal worn| Check and replace if necessary.
High humidity in air| Check and change oil twice as often.
Piston packing worn| Check and replace if necessary.
WATER DRIPPING

FROM UNDER PUMP

| Piston packing worn| Check and replace if necessary.
O-Ring plunger retainer worn| Check and replace if necessary.
OIL DRIPPING FROM PUMP| Oil seal worn| Check and replace if necessary.
EXCESSIVE VIBRATION IN HIGH PRESSURE HOSE| Irregular functioning of the pump

valves

| Check and replace if necessary.
Obstruction in filter| Clean inlet filter.

MOTOR WILL NOT RUN

| ****

Motor overload

| Push in the overload button located on the motor

(single phase) or the overload button

on the magnetic start switch (three phase).

Step down transformer fuses| Check fuses and voltage. Replace if necessary.
Coil of magnetic starter defective| Replace coil after the timer and unloader

switch have been tested.

MACHINE WILL NOT TURN ON WHEN SWITCH IS PUSHED| ****

Timer is defective

| ****

Join wires 15 and 16 together on timer. If machine works, replace timer.

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