emerio PAC-127560 3-in-1 Air Conditioner without Hose Instruction Manual

emerio PAC-127560 3-in-1 Air Conditioner without Hose Instruction Manual

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Before use make sure to read all of the below instructions in order to avoid injury or damage, and to get the best results from the appliance. Make sure to keep this manual in a safe place. If you give or transfer this appliance to someone else make sure to also include this manual.

In case of damage caused by user failing to follow the instructions in this manual the warranty will be void. The manufacturer/importer accepts no liability for damages caused by failure to follow the manual, a negligent use or use not in accordance with the requirements of this manual.

1.  Read and save these instructions. Attention: pictures in the instructions are for reference only.

2. This appliance can be used by children aged from 8 years and above and persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they have been given supervision or instruction concerning use of the appliance in a safe way and understand the hazards involved.

3. Children shall not play with the appliance.

4. Cleaning and user maintenance shall not be made by children without supervision.

5. If the supply cord is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer, its service agent or similarly qualified persons in order to avoid a hazard.

6. Indoor use only.

7. Do not use the unit in an area: near to source of fire; where oil is likely to splash; exposed to direct sunlight; where water is likely to splash; near a bath, a laundry, a shower or a swimming pool.

8. Never insert your fingers, rods into the air outlet. Take special care to warn children of these dangers.

9. Before cleaning or moving the appliance, always turn off and disconnect the power supply.

10. Do not pull, deform or modify the power supply cord, or immerse it in water. Pulling or misuse of the power supply cord can result in damage to the unit and cause electrical shock.

11. Servicing shall only be performed as recommended by the equipment manufacturer. Maintenance and repair requiring the assistance of other skilled personnel shall be carried out under the supervision of the person competent in the use of flammable refrigerants.

12. Do not operate or stop the unit by inserting or pulling out power plug, it may cause electric shock or fire due to heat generation.

13. Unplug the unit if strange sounds, smell, or smoke comes from it.

14. Always plug the appliance into an earthed plug socket.

15. In case of any damage, please turn off the switch, disconnect the power supply, and contact an authorized service center for repair.

16. Do not use means to accelerate the defrosting process or to clean, other than those recommended by the manufacturer.

17. The appliance shall be stored in a room without continuously operating ignition sources (for example: open flames, an operating gas appliance or an operating electric heater.)

18. This appliance contains R290 refrigerant gas. R290 is a refrigerant gas that complies with the European directives on the environment. Do not puncture any part of the refrigerant circuit.

19. If the appliance is operated or stored in an unventilated area, the room must be designed to prevent to the accumulation of refrigerant leaks resulting in a risk of fire or explosion due to ignition of the refrigerant caused by electric heaters, stoves, or other sources of ignition.

20. Individuals who operate or work on the refrigerant circuit must have the appropriate certification issued by an accredited organization that ensures competence in handling refrigerants according to a specific evaluation recognized by associations in the industry.

21. Repairs must be performed based on the recommendation from the manufacturing company.
    Maintenance and repairs that require the assistance of other qualified personnel must be performed under the supervision of an individual specified in the use of flammable refrigerants.

22. Regarding the instructions for repairing appliances containing R290, please kindly refer to below paragraphs.

23. Always let the appliance rest for at least 2 hours after moving it from one location to another.

Warning: Risk of fire / Flammable materials.
Read instruction manuals.
Operator’s manual; operating instructions.
Service indicator; read technical manual.

Warning: Keep ventilation openings clear of obstruction.
Warning: The appliance shall be stored in a well-ventilated area where the room size corresponds to the room area as specified for operation.

The required distance around the unit should be at least 20cm.

Appliance shall be operated and stored in a room with a floor area larger than 13 m2.

Precautions

1. Before the first use, please turn on the power supply, press the power button, and connect the machine with the water tap with the self-contained Water inlet / outlet hose according to the voice prompt.

2. When cooling, the highest water temperature is 40℃, and the lowest water temperature is -6℃. The highest working pressure of the water cycle is 0.03MPa, and the lowest working pressure is 0.005MPa. The maximum water inlet pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa. When heating, the highest water temperature is 30℃, and the lowest water temperature is -6℃.

3. Since it is an energy storage heat pump type mobile air conditioner, this machine can be used without installation.
   Before cooling operation or heating operation, please complete cold storage or heat storage in advance. In order to get longer time of cooling operation or heating operation, please store cold energy or heat energy as much as possible.

4. Move slowly to avoid collision or toppling.

5. Please do not stack things at the air inlet / outlet of the machine. There shall be a space of at least 200mm between the air inlet / outlet and surrounding objects, and keep the air inlet / outlet unobstructed to avoid affecting the air exchange of the air inlet / outlet of the machine.

6. When cleaning and maintaining the machine, please use soft cloth to wipe the machine. Do not use wax, diluent or irritant detergent.

7. Please clean the filter frequently. It is recommended to clean it every two weeks.

8. If you do not use the machine for a long time, please unplug the power plug and drain the water in the water tank.

9. Do not disassemble or repair the machine without professional maintenance personnel.

10. When the water temperature is 18 degrees or below, please do not inflow or drain water. (The water tank temperature will be shown on the digital display under cold storage or heat storage function, and on the App control interface.)

Special Remind

1. During cold storage, please open doors and windows for ventilation.
2. After switching the mode, the compressor may enter the protection state. You must wait for 3 minutes before the compressor can operate normally.
3. When the compressor starts, there is a little noise of two-phase flow. After the compressor starts, the noise of two-phase flow will disappear.
4. After the completion of drainage, screw off the inlet / outlet pipe and take it off the machine. Otherwise, siphonage will occur. Even if the drainage has stopped, water will flow out of the machine.
5. Even if the drainage function of the machine is used to drain the water in the tank, the water cannot be completely drained. Therefore, when moving, carrying and storing, the machine body should be upright and not be dumped. In case of toppling, do not start the power supply immediately, it should be placed for a period of time, and start the power supply after the water is completely evaporated.
6. Users should pay attention to the temperature of the water in the water tank when draining water. Water in tank should be drained at the temperature above 18℃. If it is lower than 18℃, please use the heat storage function to increase the water temperature before draining.
   Otherwise, the ice in water tank may cause drainage failure, or water cannot be emptied completely.

PARTS DESCRIPTION

1. Air outlet with adjustable swing blade
2. Control panel
3. Handle (on both sides)
4. Air inlet
5. Water inlet and knob
6. Water outlet and knob
7. Cord storage
8. Water inlet / outlet hose

Note: please check the separate leaflet for the water connectors.

Control panel

• A. Power button
  Press this button to switch on/off the appliance.

• B. Drainage button
  Press this button to start water drainage function.

• C. Inflow button
  Press this button to start water inflow function.

• D. + / – buttons
  In cold storage, cooling, strong cooling, heat storage or heating mode, press the buttons to increase or decrease the setting temperature (Each press adjusts 1 degree).
  For timer and preset functions, press the buttons to increase or decrease the setting time (Each press adjusts 1 hour.)

• E. Digital display

1. Wi-Fi indicator
2. Low temperature
3. High temperature
4. Cold storage
5. Lack water
6. Water full
7. Heat storage
8. Cooling mode
9. Strong cooling mode
10. Dehumidification mode
11. Heating mode
12. Ventilation mode
13. Timer
14. Cold storage preset
15. Heat storage preset
16. Energy indicator (energy bar)
17. Water inflow function
18. Water drainage function
19. Low / mid / high wind speed
20. Automatic wind speed
21. Swing function
22. Temperature/timer display

• F. Mode button
  Press this button to select the mode: Cold storage, cooling mode, strong cooling mode, dehumidification mode, heat storage, heating mode and ventilation mode.

• G. Wind speed button
  Press this button to select the wind speed: low / mid / high / automatic.

• H. Swing button
  Press this button to select up-down swing or stop swing.

• I. Timer button
  When the machine is running under cooling, strong cooling, dehumidification, heating or ventilation mode, press this button to set the end time of the mode. When the machine is just powered on, press this button to set the start time and end time of the mode.

• J. Preset button
  Press this button to preset hours before the unit will be used, and this unit will store the energy (cold storage / heat storage) automatically during this period.

USE

This machine adopts a unique energy storage system. Please complete cold storage or heat storage in advance before setting the cooling mode / strong cooling mode or heating mode.

Connect the power supply

1. For the first use, please connect the power supply and then refer to step 2 of “Water inflow”.
2. When it is not used for the first time or there is water in the water tank, please insert the power plug into the power socket and press the power button on the control panel.

Water inflow

In case of water shortage alarm (no water in the water tank during the first use or water shortage during use), please follow the steps below to feed water into the water tank inside the machine.

1. Remove the water inlet knob at the back of the appliance by rotating it anti-clockwisely.
2. Use the water inlet/outlet pipe to connect the machine with faucet. Press the water inflow button and the faucet should be turned on at the same time.
3. When the water level reaches the specified height, the water inlet valve will automatically close to complete the water inlet.
4. Remove the water inlet/outlet pipe and screw back the water inlet knob.

Cold storage

1. Press the mode button to select the cold storage function.
2. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the cold storage temperature. The lower the setting temperature is, the greater the storage capacity is. Set the temperature range between -6℃ and 5℃.
3. After the completion of cold storage, the unit will automatically enter the standby state.

Note:

• During cold storage, the wind is at high speed and the swing blade is at the maximum outlet angle. At this time, the heat energy will be discharged. In a narrow space, please open the doors and windows for ventilation.
• The actual temperature of water in the water tank is displayed during cold storage.
• The air inlet and air outlet shall not be covered.

Cooling

Once the cold storage is finished:

1. Press the mode button to select the cooling mode.
2. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the cooling temperature, between 16℃ and 32℃.
3. Press the wind speed button to select the low / mid / high / automatic wind speed in 4 levels.
4. Press the swing button to turn on/off the swing function.

Note:

• It displays the room temperature during cooling.
• When the cooling capacity of the water in the water tank is used up (the water temperature reaches 40℃), the cooling shall be stopped, and the water can only be used after the cold storage or the high-temperature water in the water tank is replaced.

Strong cooling

This mode can be used when fast cooling is required.

1. Press the mode button to select the strong cooling mode.
2. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the strong cooling temperature, between 16℃ and 32℃.
3. The wind speed is by default and cannot be adjusted.
4. Press the swing button to turn on/off the swing function.

Note:

• It displays the room temperature during strong cooling.
• When the cooling capacity of the water in the water tank is used up (the water temperature reaches 40 ℃), the cooling shall be stopped, and the water can only be used after the cold storage or the high-temperature water in the water tank is replaced.

Heat storage

1. Press the mode button to select the heat storage function.
2. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the heat storage temperature, between 20℃ and 30℃.
3. Once the digital display shows your set temperature, it means the heat storage completes.

Note:

• During heat storage, the air outlet fan is closed, and there is no air volume to blow out.
• The actual temperature of water in the water tank is displayed during heat storage.

Heating

Once the heat storage is finished:

1. Press the mode button to select the heating mode.
2. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the heating temperature, between 16℃ and 32℃.
3. Press the wind speed button to select the low / mid / high / automatic wind speed in 4 levels.
4. Press the swing button to turn on/off the swing function.

Note:

• It displays the room temperature during heating.
• The air inlet and air outlet shall not be covered.

Dehumidification

1. Press the mode button to select the dehumidification mode.
2. Press the swing button to turn on/off the swing function.

Note:

• It displays the room temperature during dehumidification.

Ventilation

1. Press the mode button to select the ventilation mode.
2. Press the wind speed button to select the low / mid / high wind speed in 3 levels.
3. Press the swing button to turn on/off the swing function.

Note:

• It displays the room temperature during ventilation.

Timing

• Set the end time when the appliance is running under cooling, strong cooling, dehumidification, heating or ventilation mode:
  1. Press the timer button.
  2. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the end time.
  3. Press the timer button again for confirmation.
• Set the start time and end time when the appliance is just powered on, not running under cooling, strong cooling, dehumidification, heating or ventilation mode:
  1. Press the power button to turn on the appliance and then press the timer button.
  2. Follow the voice prompt to press the mode button to select your desired mode: cooling, strong cooling, dehumidification, heating or ventilation.
  3. Press the timer button for confirmation.
  4. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the start time and then press the timer button for confirmation.
  5. Press the button “+” or “-” to set the end time and then press the timer button for confirmation.
     For example:
     We set the start time “1” and end time “2” at 9 a.m.
     The appliance will then start at 10 a.m. and stop at 12 a.m

Note:

• At the end of the timer setting, there shall be a voice prompt.
• Once the timer is set, the mode cannot be changed. If you want to change the mode, please press the power button to turn off and restart.

Preset

• Preset setting:
  1.  Press the preset button to enter the preset mode, and then select the cold storage preset or heat storage preset.
  2. Press the button “+” or “-” to select how many hours to use after the preset, and select the time interval between 4 hours and 24 hours. After selecting the time, press the preset button again for confirmation, and the voice prompts that the preset is completed.
• Preset cancellation method:
  1. Press the preset button again, the previous preset will be cancelled, and a new preset can be made at this time.
  2. After the power is off, the preset will be cancelled automatically.
  3. Press and hold the preset button for more than 3 seconds to cancel the preset.

Note:

• A few hours before the preset, the machine starts cold storage or heat storage. After the end of cold storage or heat storage, it will automatically enter the standby state.
• Other operations cannot be carried out after the preset. If users need to do other operations, please cancel the preset first.
• When using preset for cooling function, please make sure the windows are open for ventilation.

Child lock

1. Press and hold the button “+” and “-” at the same time for 3 seconds to turn on the child lock function. All the buttons will be locked and cannot be operated.
2. Press and hold the button “+” and “-” at the same time for 3 seconds again to turn off the child lock function or unplug the power plug directly.

Drainage

In case of full water alarm and users need to drain the water to the working level or drain the water in the water tank, please follow the steps below to drain the water in the internal water tank of the machine.

1. Unscrew the water outlet knob at the back of the appliance, tighten one end of the Water inlet / outlet hose to the drain hole, and connect the other end to the water collecting container or floor drain.

2. Insert the power plug into the power socket and press the power button on the control panel.

3. Press the drainage button, a voice prompt will be heard. Continue to press and hold the drainage button for more than 3 seconds, the system will automatically start the water pump for drainage.

4. If the water level is above the working level, the drainage will stop when it reaches the working level.
   If it is necessary to drain the water in the water tank, repeat step (3) to continue the drainage until it is drained.

5. After the completion of drainage, the drainage pump will automatically shut down.

6. Remove the Water inlet / outlet hose and screw back the water outlet knob.

Important:

• After switching the mode, the compressor may enter the protection state. You must wait for 3 minutes before the compressor can operate normally.
• Observe the energy bar to check the status of the remaining stored energy. If the energy bar runs out or the low temperature indicator / high temperature indicator illuminate, please perform the heat storage /cold storage.

Notice:

• Once the room temperature reaches to the set temperature, the unit will automatically stop and restart (according to the room temperature with a temperature difference of 2 degrees).

Wi-Fi CONNECTION GUIDE

(The guide for the APP may not be updated regularly due to software version upgrade or other reasons. This instruction is used as a guide only. Below mobile phone interface uses
English version in iOS as an example.):

1. Search “Tuya Smart” in App Store (for iOS) or Google play (for Android) to download the application.

2. Sign up or log in to your account on the APP. Tap the “+” at top right corner or button “Add Device” to add your device. (Fig.1)

3. Find “Large home appliances” and tap the icon “Portable Air Conditioner (BLE+Wi-Fi)”. (Fig.2)
   Press and hold the power button on the control panel of the machine for 5 seconds until the Wi-Fi indicator flashes quickly.

4. Tap “Next” on Fig.3. Continue to tap “Blinking or breathing rapidly” on Fig.4.
   You will get the prompt that asks you to use the 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi network. Note that the 5 GHz Wi-Fi is not supported by this application. Enter your Wi-Fi password and tap “Next”. (Fig.5)

5. Wait until you get Fig.6 and then tap “Done” at the top right corner.

6. Now you can operate your device in the control interface. Tap buttons to set your appliance.
   
   

Control interface

1. Set temperature
2. Ambient temperature
3. Tank temperature
4. Mode selection
5. Auxheat (Only workable under heating mode.)
6. Fan speed selection
7. Timer function
8. Light on/off of the machine’s control panel
9. Swing function
10. Child lock
11. More functions (No reference value for this product model.)
12. Power button

Note:

1. “No fan” and “Strong fan” options in the list of fan speed selection are set by the App default. They are not valid for this machine.
   

2. No preset button in App. Users can set the start time and shutdown time for all modes including cold storage and heat storage by adding schedules under timer function.
   

   • If you need to set a start time for a mode, make sure:
   1. Select the start time;
   2. Tap “ON/OFF” and choose “ON”;
   3. Choose your desired mode;
   4. Set other functions like temperature, swing function and wind speed.
   5. Tap “Save” on the top right corner.
   • If you need to set a shutdown time for a mode, make sure:
   1. Select the shutdown time;
   2. Tap “ON/OFF” and choose “OFF”;
   3. Choose your desired mode;
   4. No need to set the temperature, wind speed or swing function.
   5. Tap “Save” on the top right corner.
      
   • Make sure all settings are in the valid options / ranges (see section “USE”).
     For example, the valid temperature range of the heating mode is 16℃ to 32℃. However, the set temperature list shows -6℃ to 32℃ in App. Remember to choose a temperature between 16℃ and 32℃ if heating mode is selected.

CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE

• Before cleaning, be sure to disconnect the appliance from any electric supply outlet.
• Do not use gasoline or other chemicals to clean the appliance.
• Do not wash the appliance directly. Do not let water splash into the machine. Wipe with a soft semi dry cloth.

Filter screen cleaning:

Unscrew the two knobs of water inlet and water outlet from the rear side, then remove the rear air inlet grille, and remove the filter screen from the rear air inlet grille for cleaning. Put the filter screen into clean water or warm water (about 40℃) which has been added with neutral detergent, and then place it in dry air to dry naturally, and then reinstall the filter screen.

Note:

1. Do not use water with too high temperature (suitable temperature is about 40℃) or irritant detergent (such as alcohol, gasoline, benzene, etc.) to clean the filter screen.
2. In order to avoid the deformation of the filter screen, the cleaned filter screen should be kept away from the heat source and put in the dry air to dry naturally.
3. It is recommended to clean the filter screen once every two weeks.

Replace the water in the water tank regularly

It is recommended to replace the water in the water tank through water outlet / water inlet at least every quarter.

Seasonal maintenance

If you do not use the machine for a long time, please follow the steps below to maintain it:

1. Drain the water from the tank.
2. Clean and reinstall the filter screen.
3. Cover the machine with plastic bags and place it in a cool and dry place.

If it is not used for a long time, please pay attention to the following points when using it again:

1. Confirm whether there is water in the water tank or whether the water volume meets the requirements.
   There will be a voice prompt when you start the machine. Please follow the prompt.

2. Check whether the power cord is in good condition. Do not use it if it is damaged.

COMMON FAULTS AND TROUBLESHOOTING

Intelligent Fault Detection

tank

| Please connect the Water inlet / outlet hose and press the inflow button to feed water.
E2| Water tank is full| Please connect the Water inlet / outlet hose and press the drainage button to drain water.

Fault Maintenance

The following table lists the common faults and maintenance methods of this energy storage mobile air conditioner. When the machine is abnormal, simple diagnosis and maintenance can be carried out through the following table. If it still cannot be solved, please contact professional maintenance personnel.

reached.
No waiting for three minutes after switching cooling / heating mode or shutdown.| Wait for over three minutes.
Poor cooling (heating) effect of the appliance| The doors and windows are open, and there is a cold or heat leak in the room. There are other heat sources (cold sources).| Close the door or window and remove the heat source (cold source).
Filter screen is dirty.| Clean or replace the filter screen.
Air inlet or outlet blocked; poor air circulation.| Remove blockage.
The appliance is noisy| The appliance is not put flat.| Put it on flat surface to avoid

waggling.

Compressor does not work| Compressor delay protection is enabled.| Wait for more than 3 minutes and turn on the appliance after the

temperature drops.

In the cooling mode, when the water temperature does not reach the starting condition of the compressor, the water cycle is used for cooling, and the compressor does not start at this time.| When the water cycle cooling is completed, the compressor will be automatically started for cooling.
In the dehumidification mode, when the water temperature is below 18℃，the compressor does not work.| Once the water temperature is above 18℃，the compressor will start to work.
During cold storage, there is condensate on the front and back of the appliance.| When the air humidity is high and the water vapor in the air is cold, the dew will condense on the front and back of the appliance.| It is not a fault; you can continue to use the machine.

TECHNICAL DATA

Below data for your operating reference

GUARANTEE AND CUSTOMER SERVICE

Before delivery our devices are subjected to rigorous quality control. If, despite all care, damage has occurred during production or transportation, please return the device to your dealer. In addition to statutory legal rights, the purchaser has an option to claim under the terms of the following guarantee:

For the purchased device we provide 2 years guarantee, commencing from the day of sale. If you have a defective product, you can directly go back to the point of purchase.

Defects which arise due to improper handling of the device and malfunctions due to interventions and repairs by third parties or the fitting of non- original parts are not covered by this guarantee. Always keep your receipt, without the receipt you can’t claim any form of warranty. Damage caused by not following the instruction manual, will lead to a void of warranty, if this results in consequential damages then we will not be  liable.

Neither can we hold responsible for material damage or personal injury caused by improper use if the instruction manual is not properly executed. Damage to accessories does not mean free replacement of the whole appliance. In such case please contact our service department. Broken glass or breakage of plastic parts is always subject to a charge. Defects to consumables or parts subjected to wearing, as well as cleaning, maintenance or the replacement of said parts are not covered by the warranty and are to be paid.

ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY DISPOSAL

Recycling – European Directive 2012/19/EU

This marking indicates that this product should not be disposed with other household wastes. To prevent possible harm to the environment or human health from uncontrolled waste disposal, recycle it responsibly to promote the sustainable reuse of material resources. To return your used device, please use the return and collection systems or contact the retailer where the product was purchased.

They can take this product for environmental safe recycling.

For professional repair, installation problems and ordering spare parts, please contact our customer service:

Emerio B.V
Zomervaart 1A
2033 DA Haarlem
The Netherlands

Customer service:
T: +49 (0) 3222 1097 615
E: emerio-de@sertronics.de

INSTRUCTIONS FOR REPAIRING APPLIANCES CONTAINING R290

Servicing

1. Checks to the area
   Prior to beginning work on systems containing flammable refrigerants, safety checks are necessary to ensure that the risk of ignition is minimised. For repair to the refrigerating system, the following precautions shall be complied with prior to conducting work on the system.

2. Work procedure
   Work shall be undertaken under a controlled procedure so as to minimise the risk of a flammable gas or vapour being present while the work is being performed.

3. General work area
   All maintenance staff and others working in the local area shall be instructed on the nature of work being carried out. Work in confined spaces shall be avoided. The area around the workspace shall be sectioned off.
   Ensure that the conditions within the area have been made safe by control of flammable material.

4. Checking for presence of refrigerant
   The area shall be checked with an appropriate refrigerant detector prior to and during work, to ensure the technician is aware of potentially flammable atmospheres. Ensure that the leak detection equipment being used is suitable for use with flammable refrigerants, i.e. non-sparking, adequately sealed or intrinsically safe.

5. Presence of fire extinguisher
   If any hot work is to be conducted on the refrigeration equipment or any associated parts, appropriate fire extinguishing equipment shall be available to hand. Have a dry powder or CO₂ fire extinguisher adjacent to the charging area.

6. No ignition sources
   No person carrying out work in relation to a refrigeration system which involves exposing any pipe work that contains or has contained flammable refrigerant shall use any sources of ignition in such a manner that it may lead to the risk of fire or explosion. All possible ignition sources, including cigarette smoking, should be kept sufficiently far away from the site of installation, repairing, removing and disposal, during which flammable refrigerant can possibly be released to the surrounding space. Prior to work taking place, the area around the equipment is to be surveyed to make sure that there are no flammable hazards or ignition risks. “No Smoking” signs shall be displayed.

7. Ventilated area
   Ensure that the area is in the open or that it is adequately ventilated before breaking into the system or conducting any hot work. A degree of ventilation shall continue during the period that the work is carried out.
   The ventilation should safely disperse any released refrigerant and preferably expel it externally into the atmosphere.

8. Checks to the refrigeration equipment
   Where electrical components are being changed, they shall be fit for the purpose and to the correct specification. At all times the manufacturer’s maintenance and service guidelines shall be followed. If in doubt consult the manufacturer’s technical department for assistance.
   The following checks shall be applied to installations using flammable refrigerants:

   • The charge size is in accordance with the room size within which the refrigerant containing parts are installed;
   • The ventilation machinery and outlets are operating adequately and are not obstructed;
   • If an indirect refrigerating circuit is being used, the secondary circuit shall be checked for the presence of refrigerant;
   • Marking to the equipment continues to be visible and legible. Markings and signs that are illegible shall be corrected;
   • Refrigeration pipe or components are installed in a position where they are unlikely to be exposed to any substance which may corrode refrigerant containing components, unless the components are constructed of materials which are inherently resistant to being corroded or are suitably protected against being so corroded.

9. Checks to electrical devices
   Repair and maintenance to electrical components shall include initial safety checks and component inspection procedures. If a fault exists that could compromise safety, then no electrical supply shall be connected to the circuit until it is satisfactorily dealt with. If the fault cannot be corrected immediately but it is necessary to continue operation, an adequate temporary solution shall be used. This shall be reported to the owner of the equipment so all parties are advised. Initial safety checks shall include:

   • That capacitors are discharged: this shall be done in a safe manner to avoid possibility of sparking;
   • That there no live electrical components and wiring are exposed while charging, recovering or purging the system;
   • That there is continuity of earth bonding.

Repairs to sealed components

1. During repairs to sealed components, all electrical supplies shall be disconnected from the equipment being worked upon prior to any removal of sealed covers, etc. If it is absolutely necessary to have an electrical supply to equipment during servicing, then a permanently operating form of leak detection shall be located at the most critical point to warn of a potentially hazardous situation.
2. Particular attention shall be paid to the following to ensure that by working on electrical components, the casing is not altered in such a way that the level of protection is affected. This shall include damage to cables, excessive number of connections, terminals not made to original specification, damage to seals, incorrect fitting of glands, etc.
   Ensure that apparatus is mounted securely. Ensure that seals or sealing materials have not degraded such that they no longer serve the purpose of preventing the ingress of flammable atmospheres. Replacement parts shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
   NOTE: The use of silicon sealant may inhibit the effectiveness of some types of leak detection equipment. Intrinsically safe components do not have to be isolated prior to working on them.

Repair to intrinsically safe components

Do not apply any permanent inductive or capacitance loads to the circuit without ensuring that this will not exceed the permissible voltage and current permitted for the equipment in use. Intrinsically safe components are the only types that can be worked on while live in the presence of a flammable atmosphere. The test apparatus shall be at the correct rating. Replace components only with parts specified by the manufacturer.
Other parts may result in the ignition of refrigerant in the atmosphere from a leak.

Cabling

Check that cabling will not be subject to wear, corrosion, excessive pressure, vibration, sharp edges or any other adverse environmental effects. The check shall also take into account the effects of aging or continual vibration from sources such as compressors or fans.

Detection of flammable refrigerants

Under no circumstances shall potential sources of ignition be used in the searching for or detection of refrigerant leaks. A halide torch (or any other detector using a naked flame) shall not be used.

Leak detection methods

The following leak detection methods are deemed acceptable for systems containing flammable refrigerants.
Electronic leak detectors shall be used to detect flammable refrigerants, but the sensitivity may not be adequate, or may need re-calibration. (Detection equipment shall be calibrated in a refrigerant-free area.)
Ensure that the detector is not a potential source of ignition and is suitable for the refrigerant used. Leak detection equipment shall be set at a percentage of the LFL of the refrigerant and shall be calibrated to the refrigerant employed and the appropriate percentage of gas (25 % maximum) is confirmed. Leak detection fluids are suitable for use with most refrigerants but the use of detergents containing chlorine shall be avoided as the chlorine may react with the refrigerant and corrode the copper pipe-work. If a leak is suspected, all naked flames shall be removed/ extinguished. If a leakage of refrigerant is found which requires brazing, all of the refrigerant shall be recovered from the system, or isolated (by means of shut off valves) in a part of the system remote from the leak. Oxygen free nitrogen (OFN) shall then be purged through the system both before and during the brazing process.

Removal and evacuation

When breaking into the refrigerant circuit to make repairs – or for any other purpose – conventional procedures shall be used. However, it is important that best practice is followed since flammability is a consideration. The following procedure shall be adhered to:

• Remove refrigerant;
• Purge the circuit with inert gas;
• Evacuate;
• Purge again with inert gas;
• Open the circuit by cutting or brazing.

The refrigerant charge shall be recovered into the correct recovery cylinders. The system shall be “flushed” with OFN to render the unit safe. This process may need to be repeated several times. Compressed air or oxygen shall not be used for this task. Flushing shall be achieved by breaking the vacuum in the system with OFN and continuing to fill until the working pressure is achieved, then venting to atmosphere, and finally pulling down to a vacuum. This process shall be repeated until no refrigerant is within the system.

When the final OFN charge is used, the system shall be vented down to atmospheric pressure to enable work to take place. This operation is absolutely vital if brazing operations on the pipe-work are to take place. Ensure that the outlet for the vacuum pump is not close to any ignition sources and there is ventilation available.

Charging procedures

In addition to conventional charging procedures, the following requirements shall be followed.

• Ensure that contamination of different refrigerants does not occur when using charging equipment. Hoses or lines shall be as short as possible to minimise the amount of refrigerant contained in them.
• Cylinders shall be kept upright.
• Ensure that the refrigeration system is earthed prior to charging the system with refrigerant.
• Label the system when charging is complete (if not already).
• Extreme care shall be taken not to overfill the refrigeration system.

Prior to recharging the system it shall be pressure tested with OFN. The system shall be leak tested on completion of charging but prior to commissioning. A follow up leak test shall be carried out prior to leaving the site.

Decommissioning

Before carrying out this procedure, it is essential that the technician is completely familiar with the
equipment and all its detail. It is recommended good practice that all refrigerants are recovered safely. Prior
to the task being carried out, an oil and refrigerant sample shall be taken in case analysis is required prior to
re-use of reclaimed refrigerant. It is essential that electrical power is available before the task is commenced.

1. Become familiar with the equipment and its operation.
2. Isolate system electrically.
3. Before attempting the procedure ensure that:
   • Mechanical handling equipment is available, if required for handling refrigerant cylinders;
   • All personal protective equipment is available and being used correctly;
   • The recovery process is supervised at all times by a competent person;
   • Recovery equipment and cylinders conform to the appropriate standards.
4. Pump down refrigerant system, if possible.
5. If a vacuum is not possible, make a manifold so that refrigerant can be removed from various parts of the system.
6. Make sure that cylinder is situated on the scales before recovery takes place.
7. Start the recovery machine and operate in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
8. Do not overfill cylinders. (No more than 80 % volume liquid charge).
9. Do not exceed the maximum working pressure of the cylinder, even temporarily.
10. When the cylinders have been filled correctly and the process completed, make sure that the cylinders and the equipment are removed from site promptly and all isolation valves on the equipment are closed off.
11. Recovered refrigerant shall not be charged into another refrigeration system unless it has been cleaned and checked.

Labelling

Equipment shall be labelled stating that it has been de-commissioned and emptied of refrigerant. The label shall be dated and signed. Ensure that there are labels on the equipment stating the equipment contains flammable refrigerant.

Recovery

When removing refrigerant from a system, either for servicing or decommissioning, it is recommended good practice that all refrigerants are removed safely. When transferring refrigerant into cylinders, ensure that only appropriate refrigerant recovery cylinders are employed. Ensure that the correct number of cylinders for holding the total system charge is available. All cylinders to be used are designated for the recovered refrigerant and labelled for that refrigerant (i.e. special cylinders for the recovery of refrigerant). Cylinders shall be complete with pressure relief valve and associated shut-off valves in good working order.

Empty recovery cylinders are evacuated and, if possible, cooled before recovery occurs. The recovery equipment shall be in good working order with a set of instructions concerning the equipment that is at hand and shall be suitable for the recovery of flammable refrigerants. In addition, a set of calibrated weighing scales shall be available and in good working order. Hoses shall be complete with leak-free disconnect couplings and in good condition. Before using the recovery machine, check that it is in satisfactory working order, has been properly maintained and that any associated electrical components are sealed to prevent ignition in the event of a refrigerant release. Consult manufacturer if in doubt. The recovered refrigerant shall be returned to the refrigerant supplier in the correct recovery cylinder, and the relevant Waste Transfer Note arranged. Do not mix refrigerants in recovery units and especially not in cylinders. If compressors or compressor oils are to be removed, ensure that they have been evacuated to an acceptable level to make certain that flammable refrigerant does not remain within the lubricant. The evacuation process shall be carried out prior to returning the compressor to the suppliers. Only electric heating to the compressor body shall be employed to accelerate this process. When oil is drained from a system, it shall be carried out safely.

Competence of service personnel

General

Special training additional to usual refrigerating equipment repair procedures is required when equipment with flammable refrigerants is affected.
In many countries, this training is carried out by national training organisations that are accredited to teach the relevant national competency standards that may be set in legislation.
The achieved competence should be documented by a certificate.

Training

The training should include the substance of the following:
Information about the explosion potential of flammable refrigerants to show that flammables may be dangerous when handled without care.
Information about potential ignition sources, especially those that are not obvious, such as lighters, light switches, vacuum cleaners, electric heaters.
Information about the different safety concepts:
Unventilated – Safety of the appliance does not depend on ventilation of the housing. Switching off the appliance or opening of the housing has no significant effect on the safety. Nevertheless, it is possible that leaking refrigerant may accumulate inside the enclosure and flammable atmosphere will be released when the enclosure is opened.
Ventilated enclosure – Safety of the appliance depends on ventilation of the housing. Switching off the appliance or opening of the enclosure has a significant effect on the safety. Care should be taken to ensure a sufficient ventilation before.
Ventilated room – Safety of the appliance depends on the ventilation of the room. Switching off the appliance or opening of the housing has no significant effect on the safety. The ventilation of the room shall not be switched off during repair procedures.
Information about the concept of sealed components and sealed enclosures according to IEC 60079-15:2010.
Information about the correct working procedures:

1. Commissioning
   • Ensure that the floor area is sufficient for the refrigerant charge or that the ventilation hose is assembled in a correct manner.
   • Connect the pipes and carry out a leak test before charging with refrigerant.
   • Check safety equipment before putting into service.
2.  Maintenance
   • Portable equipment shall be repaired outside or in a workshop specially equipped for servicing  units with flammable refrigerants.
   • Ensure sufficient ventilation at the repair place.
   • Be aware that malfunction of the equipment may be caused by refrigerant loss and a refrigerant leak is possible.
   • Discharge capacitors in a way that won’t cause any spark. The standard procedure to short circuit the capacitor terminals usually creates sparks.
   • Reassemble sealed enclosures accurately. If seals are worn, replace them.
   • Check safety equipment before putting into service.
3. Repair
   • Portable equipment shall be repaired outside or in a workshop specially equipped for servicing units with flammable refrigerants.
   • Ensure sufficient ventilation at the repair place.
   • Be aware that malfunction of the equipment may be caused by refrigerant loss and a refrigerant leak is possible.
   • Discharge capacitors in a way that won’t cause any spark.
   • When brazing is required, the following procedures shall be carried out in the right order:
   • Remove the refrigerant. If the recovery is not required by national regulations, drain the refrigerant to the outside. Take care that the drained refrigerant will not cause any danger. In doubt, one person should guard the outlet. Take special care that drained refrigerant will not float back into the building.
   • Evacuate the refrigerant circuit.
   • Purge the refrigerant circuit with nitrogen for 5 min.
   • Evacuate again.
   • Remove parts to be replaced by cutting, not by flame.
   • Purge the braze point with nitrogen during the brazing procedure.
   • Carry out a leak test before charging with refrigerant.
   • Reassemble sealed enclosures accurately. If seals are worn, replace them.
   • Check safety equipment before putting into service.
4. Decommissioning
   • If the safety is affected when the equipment is putted out of service, the refrigerant charge shall be removed before decommissioning.
   • Ensure sufficient ventilation at the equipment location.
   • Be aware that malfunction of the equipment may be caused by refrigerant loss and a refrigerant leak is possible.
   • Discharge capacitors in a way that won’t cause any spark.
   • Remove the refrigerant. If the recovery is not required by national regulations, drain the refrigerant to the outside. Take care that the drained refrigerant will not cause any danger. In doubt, one person should guard the outlet. Take special care that drained refrigerant will not float back into the building.
   • Evacuate the refrigerant circuit.
   • Purge the refrigerant circuit with nitrogen for 5 min.
   • Evacuate again.
   • Fill with nitrogen up to atmospheric pressure.
   • Put a label on the equipment that the refrigerant is removed.
5. Disposal
   • Ensure sufficient ventilation at the working place.
   • Remove the refrigerant. If the recovery is not required by national regulations, drain the refrigerant to the outside. Take care that the drained refrigerant will not cause any danger. In doubt, one person should guard the outlet. Take special care that drained refrigerant will not float back into the building.
   • Evacuate the refrigerant circuit.
   • Purge the refrigerant circuit with nitrogen for 5 min.
   • Evacuate again.
   • Cut out the compressor and drain the oil.

Transportation, marking and storage for units that employ flammable refrigerants

Transport of equipment containing flammable refrigerants

Attention is drawn to the fact that additional transportation regulations may exist with respect to equipment containing flammable gas. The maximum number of pieces of equipment or the configuration of the equipment, permitted to be transported together will be determined by the applicable transport regulations.

Marking of equipment using signs

Signs for similar appliances used in a work area generally are addressed by local regulations and give the minimum requirements for the provision of safety and/or health signs for a work location.

All required signs are to be maintained and employers should ensure that employees receive suitable and sufficient instruction and training on the meaning of appropriate safety signs and the actions that need to be taken in connection with these signs.
The effectiveness of signs should not be diminished by too many signs being placed together.
Any pictograms used should be as simple as possible and contain only essential details.

Disposal of equipment using flammable refrigerants

See national regulations

Storage of equipment/appliances

The storage of equipment should be in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

Storage of packed (unsold) equipment

Storage package protection should be constructed such that mechanical damage to the equipment inside the package will not cause a leak of the refrigerant charge.

The maximum number of pieces of equipment permitted to be stored together will be determined by local regulations.

References

• 📧emerio-de@sertronics.de
• 📧emerio-nl@sertronics.de

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