GOLDANALYTIX Carat Screen Pen Instruction Manual

GOLDANALYTIX Carat Screen Pen Instruction Manual

About Goldanalytix / Contact

Goldanalytix is the leading provider of precious metal testing methods in Germany. In our team we are working on the development of safe and reliable testing methods for each kind of precious metal. The CaratScreenPen has been developed and is manufactured completely in Regensburg/Germany. Thanks to the close synergy of analytics know-how and device development, we are always up to date. Due to continuous improvements we achieve and guarantee highest standards of quality.

Do you need support with product data, service assistance or customer service? Feel free to contact us through one of the following channels:
Homepage: www.gold-analytix.de E-Mail: info @gold-analytix.de Phone: +49 941 29020439
We are looking forward to your contact!

Introduction

Congratulations on your purchase of the Goldanalytix CaratScreenPen. The Goldanalytix CaratScreenPen is an easy, fast-to-use and non-destructive testing device for the determination of purity/carat number of gold alloy surfaces in jewellery and other precious metal objects. The result will be visualised within a few seconds.
Please read these operating instructions carefully prior to the first use in order to use the CaratScreenPen properly.
Some information on the look of the probe tip and measurement area: Every probe pen is tested shortly and calibrated with the device before shipment. This leads to a slight discolouration of the probe tip. This is no lack in quality, but a guarantee that your device has been tested before shipment. The production process of the measurement area calls for a brushed surface with a thin gold layer on top. This increases the sensitivity of the signal transmission.

Please note: The development of improved counterfeits is the goal of each forger. In order to stay up to date on this dynamic field we recommend informing yourself on our website at www.gold-analytix.com/caratscreenpen under “Downloads”. There you can always find the most recent version of the instruction manual. Of course, we are always trying to be up-to-date concerning forging methods and share our knowledge with you.

Scope of supply

Your CaratScreenPen-Set is delivered with the following elements:

CaratScreenPen Charger

Calibration piece (soldered onto the sensor field)

Instruction manual Small suitcase Cardboard box

In the unlikely event that something is damaged or missing please contact Goldanalytix immediately (for contact data see page 2).

Measurement Principle

The CaratScreenPen utilises an electrochemical process to establish the pure gold content on the surface of gold jewellery, old gold and other auriferous material. Additionally, it allows you to determine platinum-, palladium- or rhodium-plated surfaces. The pen probe creates a so-called “galvanic cell” when in contact with the object lying on the sensor field. This leads to a certain electrochemical process registered by the pen probe and referenced by the device. The established value correlates with the carat number which in turn is visualised within a few seconds by showing the unit “K” (=carat).

Please keep in mind: Electrochemical processes work thanks to the presence of a chemical reaction that modifies the surface (especially in case of objects with high silver content à blackish stain or high copper content à copper-coloured stain). This however does not lead to a devaluation of your object! You can polish the respective discolouration with the included glass fibre pen , which will remove it. When you’re not sure, we recommend carrying out the measurement at an unobtrusive spot (like e.g. the inner side of a ring, etc.). Additionally, you have to keep in mind that the CaratScreenPen exclusively analyzes the surface. An examination of the respective object’s core is possible when you can file it at one spot. However, a high amount of counterfeits can be detected and high-value gold jewellery can by differentiated from cheap, only lightly gold-plated costume jewellery. You can find further information about this very important subject in chapter 9 „Evaluation and Interpretation of the Results“ ( please do read that chapter before your first measurement! ).

Safety Instructions for optimal Measurement Conditions

Please be aware of the following remarks while performing measurements:

• Please use the enclosed charger only (Charging time approx. 4 hours when empty, a charging symbol (flash) is displayed while charging). Inferior products can cause incorrect measurements or damage the internal electronic components of the CaratScreenPen.
• Do not use the testing device in the presence of explosive gases, vapours or dust, or in wet
• The CaratScreenPen’s stylus contains an aqueous electrolyte solution with a pH-value of

5.8. This means that the latter is lightly acidic (comparable to mineral water, coffee or skin surface). Due to its limited volume, this pen has a certain lifetime because from a certain liquid level, a reliable measurement cannot be guaranteed anymore. Should you note deviating values or errors when calibrating after some time, you should replace the pen (normally not before 4000-5000 measurement).

Operation and Display Elements

8

| Display of the possible gold content in % Gold (Au= chem. element symbol for gold)

9

| Measurement scale with subdivision in different carat ranges
10| Cinch-socket at the pen probe
11| Pen Probe
12| Sealing cap

Chart 5 – Description of the operation elements and display

Performing a Measurement

Starting the device:

In order to switch on the device, please push the control knob ⑥. Main menu and measurement mode:
After activating the device, you will get to the main menu:

The main menu offers you the five options shown on the left.

You can select a menu item by turning the knob and confirm by pushing it. This will lead you to the respective submenu.

| Measurement mode:

The signal “READY” shows that the device is ready for measurement. The “measurement scale” in the display’s lower third shows the subdivision in different carat ranges and correlating gold contents. When carrying out the measurement, the measurement scale shows an orange cursor (thin bar) in the object’s respective carat range. If the cursor is within the red range (left), the object is either a counterfeit/fake or has a gold content of maximum 30% (< 8 K). If the cursor e.g. lies within the black range above “14”, the device tells you that your object consists of a gold alloy of 14 carats. The light grey ranges between the carat ranges are “transitionary ranges” and visualise the transition from one carat range to the next one. If the cursor finds itself in these ranges, it shows you the presence of an alloy that cannot be associated clearly with one range (for further information, consult chapter 9 “Evaluation and Interpretation of the Results”). If the bar appears completely to the right (blue), your tested object is made of platinum, palladium or has been rhodium-plated. If the device does not show any reaction when in contact with

the device, this either means a connection error

 | (check the cable) or a varnished object (more in chapter 9). In the display’s lower part, you can go back to the main menu by pushing the knob or go to the calibration menu via “KAL”.
---|---

Using the glass fibre pen:

| The included glass fibre pen or a file is an important tool for the preparation of the objects you want to test. It allows you to treat impurities, plated layers unwanted for the measurement (rhodium-plating, gold- plating) and tarnished spots gently and without destroying the surface. So please do read the indications in chapter 8 “Important Hints for Measuring with the CaratScreenPen” for the application field of the glass fibre pen. The glass fibre pen is also important for the calibration.

Calibrating the device

| You can go to the calibration mode either by selecting “Calibration” in the main menu or via “KAL” in the measurement mode. Ideally, you should carry out the calibration with the integrated calibration piece ( ③ ), made of 14 carats (585) red gold, after every restart of the device.

The pre-treatment of the calibration piece is important to obtain an optimal result. Please clean it with the glass fibre pen before each calibration. Put the glass fibre pen’s tip on the piece and polish it thoroughly with light pressure. This removes oxidic impurities and coatings that are able to distort the calibration and can render the following results useless. Additionally, it is important to wipe the piece with a soft, humid piece of cloth after polishing it with the glass fibre pen! Please always carry out these steps, even when you do not note any impurities on the surface.

| Now, you can put on the probe tip (as perpendicularly as possible) onto the calibration piece. The calibration will start automatically. Do not take the tip off of the piece until the blue-grey progress bar has finished. When the calibration is successful, a green bar saying “OK” will appear.

If the calibration should not work, a red bar with an “X” will appear. In such cases, please clean the calibration piece again and repeat the calibration. Should this calibration fail again, restart the device and try another calibration. If you have a second probe tip, try with that one. If all of this does not help, please contact us.

---|---

Performing the measurement:

| Please read the information provided in chapter 8 (“Important Hints for Measuring with the CaratScreenPen”) and 9 (“Evaluation and Interpretation of the Results”) before your first measurement in order to guarantee correct handling of the device. Please make sure that the probe tip you use is plugged correctly up to the stop into the cinch socket ( ④ ). Put the sample (in this example, a 9 carats red gold ring with stones) on the golden measurement field ( ②). It is essential that there is electric current between the golden surface and the sample, so always touch with the mteal and not e.g. with the stones or possibly present non- conductive material. Use the other hand to contact the pen to another conductive spot of the object. Exert light pressure and the measurement starts
---|---
| automatically – you will see “Measurement in progress…” Wait a few seconds until the measurement has finished (see below).

The result will now be shown in form of three indications: The yellow-orange cursor (A) inside the measurement scale will be flashing in the sample’s carat range and you will see the carat number with the unit “K” ( B , e.g. 14K für 14 Karat) and the respective range of the gold content in percent ( C ). In some result screens, you will have another line with additional information ( D ). It shows you short but helpful information about the measurements performance or the evaluation of the results.

Sometimes, it will take some seconds until the correct range is found, so please always wait a moment until the result is “logged in”. Only then, the result will stay for some seconds. After that, the display returns to “Ready”. You do not have to wait until the screen says „Ready“ in order to carry out another measurement, but you can put on the next object already when the logged in result is shown.

---|---

Changing the language:

The default language of this device is English. If you want to change the language to German, please proceed as follows:

Select “language selection” in the main menu and push the knob to choose the desired language. You will then be redirected to the main menu automatically.

Information:

gives you access to useful indications and recent findings, which should help you with the handling of the CaratScreenPen. Simply introduce it into your smartphone and you will have access to a lot of information about the CaratScreenPen, as well as application pictures and videos.

Important Hints for Measuring with the CaratScreenPen

Preparation with the glass fibre pen

Prior to performing a measurement, it is important to know how to prepare the objects for the measurement. Many gold alloys, especially those with a lower carat number (8K, 9K, 10K, 12K, often also 14K), are covered by a more or less strong oxide layer after some time (depending on which materials have been added to the alloy). Further impurities like finger prints, grease residues or other staining should be removed with the glass fibre pen or a humid piece of cloth.

Application of the glass fibre pen on a gold-plated 14 carats gold coin:

The mentioned oxidic layers show themselves in form of e.g. greyish, brownish or black tarnishes on the surface. The same applies to cases in which the object has already been tested several times with the Carat ScreenPen. It may happen that the measurement with the CaratScreenPen can leave slight discolourations on the object. This is predominantly the case for objects with very high silver- (black stain) or copper-content (copper-coloured stain). Please keep this in mind for measurements of new or representative objects and measure ideally only on unobtrusive spots. This effect is less probable the higher the alloy’s gold content is, i.e. you can neglect this for a single measurement of the majority of 14, 18 and 21 carat jewellery. Old- or recycling gold are no problem because these are already tarnished. In this case, please treat the object with the glass fibre pen before measurement.

The glass fibre pen allows you to guarantee consistent and objective measurement conditions of tarnished objects and some exceptions (that will be described below). We recommend especially for objects thought being 8- or 9 carat cleaning the spot for measurement with the glass fibre pen and sanding it down slightly. Strike the spot in question with light pressure and rub it a few times until you can see a significant difference to its surrounding area. Then put the probe tip on this spot. You can of course perform a measurement without this pre-treatment, but especially when the object’s hallmark differs from the result, we recommend using the glass fibre pen and perform another measurement. The same applies if the first measurement has given you a result within one of the transitory ranges.

Exception – No hallmark / Unreadable hallmark

When you have a jewellery piece without hallmark or minting or if they cannot be distinguished anymore, you should be particularly cautious. On one hand, you don’t know which alloy it should be. On the other hand, genuine objects have to have a hallmark with the correct gold content (at least in Germany, this is obligatory). In many cases, these unmarked objects are counterfeits or costume jewellery, made out of brass/stainless steel or similar material, with only a light gold- plating on them. Please keep in mind however that marked objects can of course be forged or under-alloyed as well (e.g. a hallmark of “750”, but only .333 or .585 gold).

Objects without hallmark can cause “treacherous” results – this means you will see a certain carat number, although the surface is only gold-plated.

In this case, you have to differentiate between 2 cases:

3.) You will often directly receive “24 K” – i.e. pure gold. As the CaratScreenPen only measures the surface due to its measurement principle, this indicates that this is a gold-plated object and none made of pure gold because it is rather uncommon that filigree jewellery is made of pure gold (there are exceptions to this – for example jewellery from the Indian market). Additionally, it would be highly probable that this would be marked on the object (e.g. with the hallmark “999”, “9999” or “24K”). So if you aren’t explicitly expecting pure gold, it is probable that it is a counterfeit object or cheap costume jewellery with a thin gold layer.

4.) The situation is more ambiguous, when you have an object without hallmark and the shown carat number is, for instance, “8 K” or “14 K”. One could now assume that this is the established alloy and be happy to have a precious gold alloy in hands. This is not advised, though.

We absolutely recommend treating these kinds of jewellery intensively with the glass fibre pen at one spot and performing another measurement. In a very high number of cases, the result then is lower than the one from the first measurement or it is directly in the red range. In both cases, this is a hint that this is no object that is homogeneously made of one gold alloy. It is in the best case a more or less thick gold layer or the inner alloy contains less gold than the surface.

Exception – Rhodium-plated objects

Some white gold objects can be simply rhodium-plated by the producer – a common practice. This describes the procedure of applying a very thin layer of the very expensive precious metal rhodium onto the completed jewellery piece (often made from white gold alloys). On one hand, this increases the chemical resistence and avoids tarnishing of the object. On the other hand, it has aesthetic reasons and is intended to increase the reflectivity and gleam of the object. If you measure such an object with the CaratScreenPen, you will have the result in the blue range of the measurement scale – i.e. platinum/palladium/rhodium – and not the hallmarked or supposed gold alloy. If you now grind the surface with the glass fibre pen at a non visible spot, the rhodium-plating should be removed at this very spot. These layers are normally very thin, so rubbing the pen 10 to 15 times with a bit more pressure should be enough to remove the rhodium.

Rubbing off the rhodium layer with the glass fibre pen:

Information for alloys with a gold content from 875‰ / 21 K on

Please keep in mind that, due to its measurement method and the typical physical and chemical properties of the gold alloys the CaratScreenPen is best used up to 21 Karat gold. The nominal/target values for alloys above .875 gold / 21 K move very close together in the range from 21 K to 24 K (999 fine gold). Hence, a differentiation in this range becomes and more difficult with the CaratScreenPen measurement principle. It can therefor happen, that in some cases a 24 K piece shows “21 K” and vice versa.

This is why we recommend for these objects the additional use of another method, like e.g. the conductivity test with our Goldanalytix GoldScreenPen (it is also a method that measures inside the objects) in order to establish the gold content in these carat ranges unambiguously. This is thanks to the fact that the electrical conductivity of 24 K gold (45.0 MS/m, megasiemens per meter, unit of electrical conductivity) is significantly different from the conductivity of 21 K gold (about 9-11 MS/m; further information and differentiation can be found in the instruction manual for the GoldScreenPen or on https://www.gold-analytix.com/goldscreenpen in the section “ Downloads ”).

Evaluation and Interpretation of the Results

The following chapter will give you information about the interpretation of the results. This is necessary because in some cases, the result may not be clear or that the sample’s composition leads to an unexpected result. The CaratScreenPen measures the gold content at the surface with high precision within the physical possibilities. However, depending on the alloy composition, other precious metals that might distort the result may be present.

This is why you will find in the following chapter some examples in order

to explain the different result screens:

Black ranges

If the cursor flashes in one of the dark grey/black ranges of the measurement scale like in the following example screen, it is most probable that your object has the gold content of the indicated range:

In this case, the result “8K” tells you that the object has a gold content between 30.0 and 35.4 %. Normally (with the exception of 8 K), the CaratScreenPen indicates the result in the range of the carat number (8 K = 333‰, i.e. 33.3% gold content) ± 2.1%. One carat equals to exactly 4.166% (rounded up to 4.2%) which is added or subtracted to/from its half (equals to 2.1%), which makes 18 K (750 or 75.0%) show “72.9-77.1% Au”.

Transitory ranges

If the cursor flashes in one of the light grey ranges of the measurement scale, the so-called “transitory ranges”, the result screen may look like this:

This result tells you that, e.g. an object with a 14 carat hallmark could have a high silver- or palladium content and reach into the 18 carat range, although the gold content actually is 14 carats. The high content of additional precious metal “pulls” the result almost to the border of the next higher range. In such a case, you should mostly rely on the hallmark or calculate with a lower carat numer to be more cautious. In rare cases, is might also be that the special composition of the object brings an alloy with a high carat number to the border of the next lower carat range. According to our own tests, this is the rarer case.

Counterfeits and low gold contents

If the cursor lies in the left, red range, and the screen tells you “No Gold / 0 – max. 30% Au“, the gold content is below the values of typical gold jewellery. We therefore summarize this in the relatively ample range of 0-30% gold content. The majority of these cases would however be material of low value, but it cannot be excluded that your object has an alloy of 6 or 7 K. These jewellery pieces should be tested again individually.

If an object with a hallmark of 8K/333 results at the left border of the 8K range, you should be cautious and rub the measured spot with the glass fibre pen to measure it again. If the result is confirmed then, it should be fine. Many counterfeit objects or objects with an unclear alloy because of e.g.

• missing hallmark,
• unreadable hallmark or
• unclear, foreign indications

are only plated with a very thin gold layer. In such cases, please read the hints in the previous chapter for the exception „No hallmark“ and guarantee appropriate measurement conditions with the glass fibre pen.
Additionally, there are hallmarks/minting that already imply gold-plating on non-precious metal or a composition of completely ignoble materials. These include the marks „plated“, „doublé“,
„americaner“ and „alpaka/alpacca“. They describe gold layers that simply have been electroplated onto jewellery and watches or objects made of copper-nickel alloys (nickel silver) in case of the hallmark „alpaka/alpacca“.
Additionally, there is counterfeit jewellery offered at gas stations on highways, in order to make quick money. In Germany, we call this “Autobahngold” because of the place it is sold. In order to
“prove” the genuineness, the sellers refer directly to its hallmark of, e.g., “ 18K-0.750 ”, whereas the real hallmark would be “ 18K-750 ”.
The hallmarks shown here are only a small excerpt of the numerous possibilities that we want to share with you at this point. These indications are supplied without liability. Should you discover mistakes, we would be very happy to be informed.
Please inform yourself additionally on the Internet about country-specific seals of quality, hallmarks or minting.

Platinum / Palladium / Rhodium-plated objects

The CaratScreenPen also allows you to check if a jewellery piece is made of platinum or palladium. Forgers frequently try to create imitations with simple stainless steel or similar cheap metals that resemble these two metals on first sight. Platinum as well as palladium will be completely on the right in the blue range of the measurement scale, sometimes stainless steel with the indication “V2A”, too.

Please keep in mind that this range applies for the respective pure forms and high-alloyed jewellery alloys. For instance, the often used palladium .500 (50% palladium, normally used to create very dark features), lies in the range of 12-14 carats gold.
Rhodium and rhodium-plated jewellery also will be shown in the blue range. Please keep in mind the particularities of rhodium-plated surfaces described in the previous chapter ( exception rhodium-plated objects ).
All of these mentioned cases ca be summarized by saying that the most important step to classify the respective jewellery is to read the hallmark because in the majority of all cases, one will want to verify if the object actually corresponds to the hallmarked gold content. This is clearly and transparently regulated:

Concerning the purity indication, in Germany, „gold- and silver objects […] can be produced and kept for sale in any purity.” The indication of the purity is however only allowed according to certain stipulations: “On golden devices, the purity can only been indicated in 585 or more thousandths, on silver devices only in 800 or more thousandths.“ […] (Excerpt from the [German] law about the purity of gold- and silver objects, Bundesgesetzblatt part III, Gliederungsnummer 7142-1, published adjusted version from the 25 th of April 2007). If these objects are produced for other countries, one has to be cautious because of the very heterogeneous regulations.

The “Hallmarkin Convention” (also known as Vienna Convention) respresents an international agreement from the year 1972 that tries to simplify the commerce with precious metal objects and to increase the consumer protection and fair competition. It also omits mutual controls of marked goods by member states. The member states use a common hallmark for marking, the

„Common Control Mark“ (CCM), which is the only globally international hallmark. 21 states of the United Nations are currently members of this hallmark convention, with Germany not being one of them.
(Translation of an excerpt from https://bv-schmuck-uhren.de/feingehalt-und- punzierung/)
The hallmark informs you about the purity of gold and silver. The following chart gives you an overview of all (even irrelevant) carat numbers (for silver, there is the unit “Lot”; these are not indicated here) with the respective admitted hallmark.

Gold content

(Per mille; ‰)

| Gold content

(Per cent; %)

| Carat number| Hallmark
---|---|---|---
999| 99.9| 24| 999
958| 95.8| 23|
916| 91.6| 22|
875| 87.5| 21|
833| 83.3| 20|
792| 79.2| 19|
750| 75.0| 18| 750
708| 70.8| 17|
667| 66.7| 16|
625| 62.5| 15|
585| 58.5| 14| 585
542| 54.2| 13|
500| 50.0| 12|
458| 45.8| 11|
416| 41.6| 10|
375| 37.5| 9| 375
333| 33.3| 8| 333
292| 29.2| 7|
250| 25.0| 6|
208| 20.8| 5|
167| 16.7| 4|
125| 12.5| 3|
83| 8.3| 2|
42| 4.2| 1|
Other “hallmarks”

Meaning| Application| Hallmark
Gold-plated| Jewellery/watches: electroplating| plated
Gold-plated| Jewellery/watches: electroplating| doublé
Gold-plated| Jewellery/watches: electroplating| americaner
Brass| Tableware: made of nickel silver| alpaka

This alone is not enough to be able to interpret the result shown by the CaratScreenPen in an unambiguous way. That is because other metals (especially silver and palladium) influence the result as well. A high content of these precious metals lead to a sometimes significantly higher result than the object’s hallmark would suggest. In general, one can say that no jewellery piece is like the other.

The hallmark 14 K or 585 only says that the object has a gold content of 585 ‰. However, the composition of the other 415 ‰ depends on a number of factors. The desired colour (yellow gold, red gold, white gold) has a very important role in this. The more reddish the jewellery (rose gold or red gold), the more copper is in the alloy, whereas in white gold, it is the silver-, nickel-, palladium- or zinc content that is increased because they “extract” the colour.

Here, an “alloy” describes the homogeneous mixture of at least two metals that have solidified again after being melted. According to our tests, jewellery pieces can constist of six (or even more) alloy components (= metals). Normally, jewellery producers use metals like gold, silver, copper, palladium, platinum, nickel and zinc. As already described in chapter 8, they often apply a finish with rhodium, especially for white gold or silver jewellery pieces. The number of used metals also depends on the goldsmith’s experience and the desired properties (hardness, resistence, colour, gleam, etc.), among others. All thiese factors lead to the fact that not every jewellery piece with the same gold content behaves the same. Amongst other reasons, this explains why you find “measurement ranges” (=black ranges) and “transitory ranges” (grey ranges) on the CaratScreenPen and no set value for 8 K, 14 K, 18 K, etc. This shall be explained further in the following charts.

These charts will show you examples of alloys with three, four, five or six metals, their respective carat number and the CaratScreenPen’s result expected because of the aforementioned reasons.

Au| Ag| Pd| Cu| Ni| Zn| Pt| Carat

number

| Result
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
58.5| 35.2| –| –| –| 3| –| 14| 14
58.5| 25| –| 16.4| –| –| –| 14| 14
55| 14.2| –| 30| –| –| –| 13.2| 14
75| 10.6| –| 14.4| –| –| –| 18| 18
93.5| 0.4| –| 6| –| –| –| 22.4| 21
72.7| 15.6| –| 11.7| –| –| –| 17.4| 18
89.1| 1.6| –| 8.9| –| –| –| 21.4| 21

Table 6. Selected alloys of three metals

Au| Ag| Pd| Cu| Ni| Zn| Pt| Carat

number

| Result
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
58.5| 13.8| –| 22.8| –| 4.3| –| 14| 14
58.5| 31.5| –| 10.2| 0.6| –| –| 14| 14/18
58.5| 30.5| 6.4| 4| –| –| –| 14| 18
58.5| –| –| 24.1| 8.3| 9.2| –| 14| 14
75| 15.5| –| 8.5| 0.5| –| –| 18| 18
38| 10.2| –| 47.4| –| 3.5| –| 9| 9
33.2| 57| –| 6.5| –| 3.3| –| 8| 9

Table 3. Selected alloys of four metals

Au| Ag| Pd| Cu| Ni| Zn| Pt/Cd| Carat

number

| Result
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
58.5| 4.8| –| 16.7| 9.6| 10.1| –| 14| 14
58.5| 26| 12.9| 2| 1| –| –| 14| 18
37.5| 28.4| –| 30.6| 0.1| 2.8| –| 9| 9
75.5| 1.8| –| 4.9| 11.4| 6| –| 18| 18
50| 30| –| 2.4| 5.4| 7.9| 3.6 Cd| 12| 14
58.5| 10.9| 17.6| 11| 0.7| –| 0.3 Cd| 14| 18

Table 7. Selected alloys of five or more metals

__ These charts clearly show that the main reasons for the “distortion” of the measurements’ results are a high content of silver or palladium or a combination of both. This can cause slight distortions of the result. Please keep in mind however that we have shown you these examples to demonstrate exceptions and particularities and to sensitise you for them. The big majority of cases consist in jewellery whose composition is problematic in this regard. Additionally, please keep in mind that high palladium contents (at palladium prices higher than gold at the moment) do not decrease the jewellery’s value and therefore, a result of e.g. 18K instead of 14K, speaking of the precious metal value, is completely unproblematic for such objects.

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Goldanalytix ist eine eingetragene Marke der/ a registered trademark of MARAWE GmbH & Co. KG

Donaustaufer Str. 378, Gebäude 64/Building 64

93055 Regensburg Amtsgericht – Registergericht – Regensburg

HRA 9148, Sitz: Regensburg

Persönlich haftende Gesellschafterin/personally liable partner: MARAWE Verwaltungs GmbH, Sitz: Regensburg

Amtsgericht Regensburg HRB 14591 Geschäftsführer/Managers: Dr. Jonas

Mark, Dr. Peter Raster, Dr. Stefan Weiß

Tel.: +49 941 29020439

Fax.: +49 941 29020593

E-Mail: gold-analytix@marawe.de www.gold-analytix.de / www.gold- analytix.com

Read More About This Manual & Download PDF:

References

• Gold tester, gold testing machine and precious metal tester | Goldanalytix.com - Gold Analyzer
• GoldScreenPen - Electronic gold tester | Goldanalytix.com - Gold Analyzer
• GoldScreenSensor | Goldanalytix.com - Gold Analyzer
• MagneticScreenScale | Goldanalytix.com - Gold Analyzer
• Ultrasound analyser - BarScreenSensor | Goldanalytix.com - Gold Analyzer
• Goldanalytix - Goldprüfgeräte & Gold Tester - Echtes Gold erkennen & Silber testen | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop
• Goldanalytix - Goldprüfgeräte & Gold Tester - Echtes Gold erkennen & Silber testen | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop
• Anwenderinformationen CaratScreenPen | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop
• GoldScreenPen | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop
• GoldScreenSensor | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop
• Magnetwaage - MagneticScreenScale | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop
• Ultraschallanalysegerät - BarScreenSensor | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop
• Hallmarking Convention
• Punzierung (Feingehalt) – Bundesverband Schmuck + Uhren
• GoldScreenPen | Goldanalytix.com - Gold Analyzer
• GoldScreenPen | Goldanalytix.de-Online-Shop

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