Km3km Electronics MERCURY LUX LDMOS Power Amplifier User Manual

Km3km Electronics MERCURY LUX LDMOS Power Amplifier

OVERVIEW

Hello Fellow Ham Radio Operators:
Thank you for being part of the mercury family, I am so grateful that when KM3KM Electronics started to manufacture amplifiers as kits over four years ago most of you saw the potential. The early struggles were real as no one knew who we were; the original mercury was designed and built with the idea of providing close friends an innovative solution to a need that was not being met by the larger companies.
Then came the mercury, followed by the mercury and the version the made our reputation in the business — the mercuryIIIS.

I am now humbled and proud to introduce you to the Mercury LUX, incorporating not only the next technology evolution but requests as well from operators all over the world. Your petitions have been heard . . . The mercury LUX boasts full legal limit, CAT Control, Remote operation with PC Control software, and an expanded user interface, all in a smaller package.
I would like to take this time to clarify several points about high power that all of us already know but it’s always good to have as a reminder. We use an amplifier because of the convenience of achieving better range in long- distance communications and the ease of solid, clean operation at close range. Even though we should only use the needed power to maintain communications, it’s easy to overlook the fact that our shack may not be suitably prepared with a good grounding and antenna system.
Below I will give you some tips that I have found to be very useful to operate with high power:

• It’s best not to use antennas with SWR greater than 3 even if you are using an antenna tuner.
• Antennas must be located at a minimum distance of 25 feet from the radio shack.
• Do not use chokes or ferrite clamps on the interconnect coax in your shack, or on the antenna output of the amplifier.
• Placing an RF choke at the feed point of the antenna avoids the local interference that comes with using long wire antennas.
• Have a good ground for the amplifier.
• Place ferrite clamps on data or DC cables in your shack if there is interference.
• Operating the amplifier at full power may not be necessary, as there is no perceptible difference in the signal while the difference in power consumption and heating of the amplifier will be noticeable. For example, the difference between 1500 Watts and 1300 Watts is only 0.63 dBm. However, the power dissipation increases by 14 percent.

Hopefully recapping these points and others you may think of will help you to have many hours of worry-free operation, avoiding those problems that arise by improper grounds and antennas that may not be well matched to your system. Words cannot express how grateful I am to the growing mercury family and my wish is that you all have many happy DX’s. Kenny (KM3KM)

FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS

FEATURES

• Low harmonic content (below -43dBc on HF & -65dBc on VHF bands) thanks to an efficient Chebyshev filter.
• Fast and effective protection systems maintain the amplifier’s safety from operational damage.
• Compact linear amplifier design with Full Legal (1500 Watts) SSB Mode & 700 Watts DIGI-MODE. See gain test on page 16.
• Auto-sensing power supply from 120VAC to 240VAC, allowing your choice of voltage in the shack. Note that 1200 Watts in any mode is available at 120VAC, but that 1500 Watts (any mode) will require 240VAC.
• Generous power and great dynamics with the proven paired BLF188XRA by Ampleon Inc.
• Easy to read 7”, 165x100mm, high-resolution touch screen color display w/800×480 pixels and 24-bit colors.
• Compatible with all transceiver models available on the market; ground-on transmit (PTT) and 50W of RF drive power is sufficient.
• The amplifier monitors the frequency of the input signal and automatically switches bands accordingly.
• Monitors itself during operation with full-time protection circuits in all modes so the operator does not need to monitor. Quick and easy reset after any unexpected protection circuit issue.
• Convenient for expeditions and field operation due to its extremely compact and light construction, wide mains voltage range (100V÷240V), protection from unstable mains, generators etc. These features are achieved thanks to the built-in switching mode power supply (SMPS).
• Exceeds electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) both for the highly sensitive as well as with other powerful appliances in the radio station.
• Logger program continuously monitors operation.
• TX delay 9 milliseconds, RX delay 3 milliseconds relay switch. This amp doesn’t support full-BREAKIN; for CW use semi-BREAK IN at speeds up to 40 WPM.
• Introducing KoolPlusTM the Mercury LUX implements better cooling features and will keep cooler than any of our previous amplifiers.

SPECIFICATIONS

• Intermodulation distortions (IMD3): better than 30dB below the rated PEP output.
• Input and output impedances: nominal value: 50 Ohm unbalanced, UHF (SO239) type connectors.
• Input circuit: broadband, SWR below 1.2:1 (1.1:1 typically); 1.8 – 54 MHz continuous range without retuning or switching.
• Duty cycle in digital mode, Maximum 1 minute of TX, minimum 15 seconds of RX. Note that the output power may gradually decrease due to heating of components in the amplifier and transceiver. Cycle for FT8 more than 5 hours of QSO.
• Temperature range: 14 F to 149 F (-10 C to +65 C)
• Dimensions (projections not included) and weight, operating: (W x H x D) 11 x 5.5 x 13.5 In (305 x 140 x 343 mm); 29 lbs. (12.7 kg).
• This unit complies with the FCC RF Exposure limits for an uncontrolled environment. To comply with FCC
  RF exposure limit requirements, antennas must be operated at a minimum distance of 770.69 cm or 25.29’ between the radiator and any person’s body.

QUICK START GUIDE

1. Connect the Amplifier to a 120VAC or 240VAC outlet as the power supply is AUTO sensing. We recommend using the Amplifier at 240VAC, although at 120VAC your mercury’s power supply will perform well. At 240VAC the power supply fan runs at a lower RPM and is quieter and more efficient.

2. Connect the output of the amplifier ANT-1 to a 50-ohm load or to the corresponding antenna. Connect the RF-IN of the amplifier to the RF-OUT of the transceiver.

3. Connect the RCA PTT terminals from amplifier and to transceiver.

4. Do NOT connect ALC unless it has been adjusted…(not needed for quick startup).
   Set the transceiver to a minimum power output, 1-5 watts.

5. Gradually increase power by SSB modulation, while checking for output power.
   WARNING: Keep input power less than 20-Watts for (RTTY, CW, AM, FM, DATA) Modes.

Typical connection example.

MAIN SCREEN

1. FWD Power Meter: Indicates the output power in operation mode with high accuracy. Note: The measurement sometimes will not match with an external instrument due to loss from coax cables loss or other devices connected to the transmission line. This loss can be up to 0.2 dBm.
2. REF Power Meter: Indicates the reflected power in Operation mode. Note: The measurement will sometimes not match with external instruments due to the matching point of the transmission line. The Amp will go into protection mode if REF is greater than 125 Watts.
3. Temperature Meter: Indicates the internal temperature, measured on the copper heat spreader to which the LDMOS pair is soldered. Select °C/°F in the settings section.
4. Drain Voltage Meter: Indicates the voltage applied to the LDMOS pair in transmission. Note: This voltage can sometimes vary slightly.
5. Drain Current Meter: Indicates the LDMOS pair drain current. This meter is not a reference for LDMOS pair bias current. 
6. SWR Indicator: SWR does not determine the mercury Amp Protection feature, but it does influence the output power.
7. Band Data Select: Indicates the Band Selector selected in the configuration section and the detected band. Note: This is what is selected in the setup menu and may not be what is connected in the band data port.
8.  Alarm Messages Zone: It shows the protection messages when the software algorithm activates the alarm: CONTINUOUS CARRIER if >700 Watts. VOLTAGE ERROR if >55V. NOT OPERABLE 26-27 mhz. OVER DRIVER if input power is high. HIGH D-CURRENT if >45A. HI TEMPERATURE if >65 °C/ 149 °F REFLECTED >125 Watts.
9. On Air TAB: The indicator turns green when the amplifier is keying from the PTT port, the blue underscore line appears when the RF level for RF Decoder is good. 
10. OPR/STB: Disables/Enables the amp. The transceiver signal goes directly to the selected antenna when the button is in standby.
11. Antenna Switch Zone: Manually select antenna 1,2 or 3. The button illuminates the selected antenna manual or automatically.
12. Alarm Reset Button. Quickly restore operation after an alarm shutdown. Before resetting read the error message and find the cause of the problem.
13. Setup Button: Open the general settings screen.
14. Fan Max Button: Sets the fan speed to maximum or automatic (default). If the temperature is greater than 45°C/113°F, the fan will run in maximum speed. Note: For prolonged operation or DIGI MODE keep the fan at maximum speed.
15.  Bands Button: Opens the manual band selection tab. Note: The amplifier is not operable if the bands tab is showing, as a selection must be made. 
    Note: Use your smartphone camera to scan the QR codes to access Features, Manual and MERCURY LUX Forum.
    Through the forum on our platform, you will be able to share experiences and exchange questions with other MERCURY LUX users.

SETTING SCREEN

Main screen / Setup button

Display Settings.

• Bar Graph : Select 2 types of bar graph, continuous bar or dashed bar.
• Celsius / Fahrenheit: Select the unit of measure that will be displayed on the temperature indicator.
• Sound: Enables or disables the alarm sound. Note: The protections are not disabled.
• Call Sign: Displays the keyboard to put Call sign on the main screen. Press DEL to enter your Call Sign.
• Sleep: If the button is activated, the screen will turn off after 20 minutes of inactivity. Restart the screen by pressing PTT or touching the screen..
• Brightness: Slide the bar to adjust the brightness. 

Antenna Memory.
Configure the three antenna outputs for each band segment. The configuration remains in memory.
ALL TO ANT-1 button restores all bands to Antenna -1.
WARNING : Even though the power amp’s protection will trigger a REF POWER alarm, it is always recommended to have an antenna, or 50-ohm load connected to the programmed output in order to avoid probable severe damage to components.

BAND SELECTORS

RF Decoder: If the RF Decoder is selected on Radio Band Data section it will be in AUTO Mode and selecting the 6-meter band when the amplifier starts up.
A signal emitted by the transceiver selects the appropriate Low Pass Filter. Note: In SSB mode the radio will not emit RF until modulated; 200 milliwatts are needed to detect the current frequency. Some transceivers make a small click when you press PTT, which is enough to quickly detect the appropriate segment.

• Band Data (CAT): MERCURY LUX will detect the band while in receive mode, then automatically control the Low Pass Filter (LPF).
  Connect the Band Data Interface cable (sold separately). Select the appropriate transceiver in the configuration page (Band Data section).

• Select your manufacturer: Yaesu, Kenwood, Icom, Flex Radio, Elecraft. The selected transceiver will be displayed on the main screen.
  Make sure the Band Data function works correctly the first time. Change the band segments on your transceiver and watch to see that the MERCURY LUX auto- switching follows the selected band.
  For Kenwood, please set 9600 baud on the Transceiver (default in most Kenwood transceivers.)
  If the interface is disconnected or not working properly, RF Decoder will automatically select the segment to avoid damage to the amplifier. The Band Data selector option is recommended. See the Band Data connection details starting on page 13.
  Note: If the Band Data Interface is not used for some reason, the RF Decoder will detect the frequency from the transmitted signal. 

• Band Manual Selector: It is not necessary to use the manual selector. However, if you do not have the Band Data interface connected and different antennas were configured in the band segments, it will be very convenient to manually select the band to connect the appropriate antenna in RX mode since you need to transmit first for RF Decoder to select the segment and appropriate antenna.
  Note: If the manual selector tab is displayed the amplifier will not work, press exit to operate.

REAR PANEL 

1. Band Data Port: Connect Band Data of the transceiver through Band Data Interface Cable (Sold separately). See Band Data connection details starting on page 13.
2. Remote Port: This port provides low power high/low voltages from the controller to connect accessories, for details see page 13.
3. Main Switch: Main power supply interrupter. Recommended for total power shutdown when not in use.
4. IEC 320 C14 AC Outlet: Connect to either a 120VAC or a 240VAC line.
5. Ground Screw: Connect directly to physical ground. Do not make ground loops. Do not connect Ferrite Clamps or RF Chokes to this ground screw.
6. Air Flow Area: Do not block this area and space it at least 6 inches from any obstruction for proper airflow.
7. USB Port: Remotely operate amp from a PC via a USB Type B (Printer) cable, for details see page 12.
8. SO239 RF Input: Do not exceed an input level of more than 60 Watts.
9. RCA PTT Plug: This triggers the Amplifier from your transceiver. Never connect a Soft-Key Keying Interface Box.
10. ALC Input: Voltage (-2 to -7V) automatically controls the power level of the transceiver (Optional).
11. ALC Adjustment: An ALC adjustment can be performed with a Philips screwdriver, see page 11.
12. SO239 RF Outputs (3): WARNING: NEVER disconnect any antenna during transmission, as there may be a possibility of radio frequency burns or fire.

ADJUST THE ALC

ALC is a negative voltage generated by the amplifier to limit power from the radio, which allows you to enjoy a broadcast signal of relatively the same strength across the bands on which you operate. If you use this feature, you must adjust it as described below. This adjustment will be different for every radio. The MERCURY LUX does not need ALC to function as you can easily control your final output by adjusting your transceiver’s power level.
The amplifier provides a full output power of 1300 – 1500 Watts in HF bands. For 50 MHz, the output power does not exceed 900 Watts. The input level is different in each band segment; the use of ALC is for constant output in all bands without regulating the input power.

How to adjust ALC:

1. Connect Amplifier to a dummy load.
2. Connect an RCA-type cable from the ALC port on the amplifier to the ALC port on the transceiver. Note: Some Transceivers do not have an RCA-type for ALC.
3. Turn the regulator completely to the left, counter-clockwise. (Green Arrow)
4. Set the transceiver output to 50 Watts. The 20-meter band is recommended for this adjustment.
5. Begin to modulate and turn the regulator to the right, clockwise, (Yellow Arrow) noting that the power will be low and will begin to rise (2).
6. Stop when you see the level bar in approximate peaks of 1300 Watts for linear gain on all bands.
   Note: Some Transceivers have a narrow adjustment and may not be compatible with the ALC voltage range of the amplifier
   WARNING: Do not exceed input drive more than 20-Watts for (RTTY, CW, AM, FM, DATA) Modes.

PC REMOTE CONTROL

The integration of MERCURY LUX PC Software allows the user to operate the amplifier from a PC.
The Software has essential commands and visualization for a comfortable and safe operation and gives you access to Reset Alarm, Alarm Message Operate/Standby, and FWD. REF. SWR. D-CURRENT Meters. It also shows selected antenna and operating band.
The PC Software is compatible with all versions of Microsoft Windows.

Start Guide.

1. Make sure MERCURY LUX is powered OFF.

2. Connect a USB cable from the PC to the USB port type (B) of the Amp.
   Note: Turn ON the amplifier, the PC can already be ON.

3. Find the new port assigned by the amplifier interface. It normally appears as (Serial Device).
   Note: You can see the port in the device manager section of Microsoft Windows.

4. Start MERCURY LUX PC software.

5. Click the COM button and select the corresponding port. Note: If the communication is successful, the temperature reading will be displayed on the main screen.

Recommended. Use shielded USB cables, place 2 ferrite clamps at the end closest to the amp and PC. 

REAR PANEL PIN OUT

BAND DATA INTERFACE CABLES

Band data interface cables are sold separately. You can build your own cable depending on your transceiver. See the connector type and band data output pins described in your transceiver’s Manual. Use shielded cables and add ferrites clamps at each end of the interface cable. 

GAIN TEST REPORT

The following gain tests were run using a terminal design identical to the one currently supplied with this manual. Tolerance range error 0.3 dBm.

Equipment test and Procedure.

• Driver Exciter – ICOM IC 7300.
• 8862 BIRD Coax Dummy Load.
• LP-500 – Telepost Inc Digital Station Monitor.
• Rigol DSA815 Spectrum Analyzer.
•  SSB Mode.
•  Room temperature 30 °C.
• SWR 1.1

BAND| POWER INPUT

(WATTS)

| POWER UTPUT (WATTS)
---|---|---
160M| 50| 1494
80M| 50| 1500
40M| 50| 1498
30M| 50| 1350
20M| 50| 1500
17M| 50| 1320
15M| 50| 1500
12M| 50| 1300
10M| 50| 1490
6M| 50| 950

Warranty

KM3KM Electronics LLC warrants the MERCURY LUX to be free from defects in material and workmanship. Your MERCURY LUX is tested before shipping to be 100% sure everything works as described.
COVERED: Your MERCURY LUX is covered under normal use and service for a period of one (1) year including shipping from the date of delivery to the first buyer.
NOT COVERED: Warranty does not extend if your MERCURY LUX has been subjected to damage from natural causes such as lightning, water, fire and other catastrophes. Warranty does not cover damage from improper installation, application or overdriving with more than 60 Watts in accordance with the operating specification.

Please note that we will not charge labor to replace LDMOS or any other repair after the warranty expires. The customer will pay parts and shipping after the warranty expires. This will also apply to secondhand MERCURY LUX owners.
When sending in the MERCURY LUX for service, please pack it carefully, preferably in the original box and packing materials, KM3KM will send you a shipping label. Please include a note with your name, address and e-mail or phone number, that clearly describes the problem. When the amplifier is returned to the factory and an examination of the MERCURY LUX discloses in KM3KM’s judgment to have been defective during the Warranty Period, it will be repaired and shipped back at no cost to the customer. However, if it is deemed that it is not due to failure due to manufacturing, material or workmanship the costumer will be charged for parts return and original shipping.
The design of this product, including the software, is the property of KM3KM Electronics LLC. Made in Florida USA.

References

• KM3KM Ham Radio Parts
• Downloads – KM3KM Ham Radio Parts

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