LS-DYNA R13 Multi-Physics Solvers User Manual

: June 4, 2024
: LS-DYNA

Table of Contents

R13 Multi-Physics Solvers
References
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R13 Multi-Physics Solvers

LS-DYNA®
KEYWORD USER’S MANUAL VOLUME III
Multi-Physics Solvers
09/28/21 (r:14198) LS-DYNA R13
LIVERMORE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY (LST), AN ANSYS COMPANY

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Livermore Software Technology 1740 West Big Beaver Road Suite 100 Troy, Michigan 48084

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LS-DYNA®, LS-OPT® and LS-PrePost® are registered trademarks of Livermore Software Technology, an Ansys company in the United States. All other trademarks, product names and brand names belong to their respective owners.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………0-3
INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….1-1
BATTERY ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2-1 BATTERY_ECHEM_CELL_GEOMETRY …………………………………………………………………………..2-2 BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER ………………………………………………………………………..2-4 BATTERY_ECHEM_INITIAL …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-6 BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ANODE ………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-7 BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_CATHODE ………………………………………………………………………………2-9 BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ELECTROLYTE ……………………………………………………………………..2-11 BATTERY_ECHEM_PART ……………………………………………………………………………………………2-13 BATTERY_ECHEM_THERMAL …………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-14
CESE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-1 CESE_BOUNDARY_AXISYMMETRIC_OPTION ……………………………………………………………….. 3-3 CESE_BOUNDARY_BLAST_LOAD ………………………………………………………………………………… 3-5 CESE_BOUNDARY_CONJ_HEAT …………………………………………………………………………………..3-7 CESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC …………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-9 CESE_BOUNDARY_FSI………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-13 CESE_BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTIVE ………………………………………………………………………..3-16 CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED ……………………………………………………………………………….3-19 CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN …………………………………………………………………………. 3-23 CESE_BOUNDARY_REFLECTIVE …………………………………………………………………………………3-27 CESE_BOUNDARY_SLIDING ………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-29 CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL ……………………………………………………………………………….. 3-31 CESE_CHEMISTRY_D3PLOT ………………………………………………………………………………………3-35 CESE_CONTROL_LIMITER ………………………………………………………………………………………….3-36 CESE_CONTROL_MESH_MOV……………………………………………………………………………………. 3-37 CESE_CONTROL_SOLVER …………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-38 CESE_CONTROL_TIMESTEP ………………………………………………………………………………………3-40 CESE_DATABASE_ELOUT ………………………………………………………………………………………….3-41 CESE_DATABASE_FLUXAVG ……………………………………………………………………………………..3-42 CESE_DATABASE_FSIDRAG ………………………………………………………………………………………3-43 CESE_DATABASE_POINTOUT ……………………………………………………………………………………. 3-44

LS-DYNA R13

0-3 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CESE_DATABASE_SSETDRAG …………………………………………………………………………………..3-46 CESE_DEFINE_NONINERTIAL ……………………………………………………………………………………3-48 CESE_DEFINE_POINT ………………………………………………………………………………………………..3-50 CESE_DRAG ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3-51 CESE_EOS_CAV_HOMOG_EQUILIB …………………………………………………………………………….3-52 CESE_EOS_IDEAL_GAS ……………………………………………………………………………………………..3-53 CESE_EOS_INFLATOR1 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..3-54 CESE_EOS_INFLATOR2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..3-56 CESE_FSI_EXCLUDE …………………………………………………………………………………………………3-59 CESE_INITIAL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3-60 CESE_INITIAL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3-61 CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY ………………………………………………………………………………………..3-62 CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_ELEMENT ………………………………………………………………………..3-64 CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_PART ………………………………………………………………………………3-66 CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_SET …………………………………………………………………………………3-68 CESE_MAT_000 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………3-70 CESE_MAT_001( _GAS) ………………………………………………………………………………………………3-71 CESE_MAT_002 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………3-72 CESE_PART ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-74 CESE_SURFACE_MECHSSID_D3PLOT ………………………………………………………………………3-75 *CESE_SURFACE_MECHVARS_D3PLOT ……………………………………………………………………..3-76

CHEMISTRY ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4-1 CHEMISTRY_COMPOSITION ………………………………………………………………………………………..4-3 CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_0D …………………………………………………………………………………………. 4-4 CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_1D …………………………………………………………………………………………. 4-6 CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_CSP ……………………………………………………………………………………….4-8 CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_FULL ……………………………………………………………………………………… 4-9 CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_INFLATOR ……………………………………………………………………………4-10 CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_TBX …………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-13 CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_ZND ……………………………………………………………………………………..4-14 CHEMISTRY_DET_INITIATION …………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-15 CHEMISTRY_INFLATOR_PROPERTIES ………………………………………………………………………4-17 CHEMISTRY_MODEL …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4-22 *CHEMISTRY_PATH …………………………………………………………………………………………………….4-24

DUALCESE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5-1 DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_AXISYMMETRIC …………………………………………………………………….. 5-6

0-4 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

LS-DYNA R13

TABLE OF CONTENTS

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC …………………………………………………………………………………5-8

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_FSI ………………………………………………………………………………………5-12

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTIVE……………………………………………………………….. 5-15

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED ………………………………………………………………………. 5-17

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_HYBRID …………………………………………………………5-22

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_TWO-PHASE ………………………………………………….5-28

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN …………………………………………………………………5-33

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_REFLECTIVE ………………………………………………………………………..5-37

*DUALCESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL ……………………………………………………………………….5-39

*DUALCESE_CONTROL_LIMITER …………………………………………………………………………………5-44

*DUALCESE_CONTROL_MESH_MOV ……………………………………………………………………………5-45

*DUALCESE_CONTROL_SOLVER …………………………………………………………………………………5-46

*DUALCESE_CONTROL_TIMESTEP ………………………………………………………………………………5-48

*DUALCESE_D3PLOT ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5-49

*DUALCESE_D3PLOT_FLUID_SSID ………………………………………………………………………………. 5-51

*DUALCESE_ELE2D …………………………………………………………………………………………………….5-53

*DUALCESE_ELE3D …………………………………………………………………………………………………….5-54

*DUALCESE_ELEMENTSET ………………………………………………………………………………………….5-56

*DUALCESE_EOS_COCHRAN_CHAN ……………………………………………………………………………5-57

*DUALCESE_EOS_COOLPROP …………………………………………………………………………………….5-59

*DUALCESE_EOS_IDEAL_GAS ……………………………………………………………………………………..5-63

*DUALCESE_EOS_INFLATOR1 ……………………………………………………………………………………..5-64

*DUALCESE_EOS_INFLATOR2 ……………………………………………………………………………………..5-66

*DUALCESE_EOS_JWL ………………………………………………………………………………………………..5-69

*DUALCESE_EOS_REFPROP………………………………………………………………………………………..5-71

*DUALCESE_EOS_REFPROP_PATH ……………………………………………………………………………..5-75

*DUALCESE_EOS_SET ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5-76

*DUALCESE_EOS_STIFFENED_GAS ……………………………………………………………………………..5-77

*DUALCESE_EOS_VAN_DER_WAALS_GENERALIZED ……………………………………………………5-78

*DUALCESE_FSI_EXCLUDE …………………………………………………………………………………………. 5-80

*DUALCESE_INCLUDE_MODEL ……………………………………………………………………………………5-81

*DUALCESE_INITIAL……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5-82

*DUALCESE_INITIAL_SET …………………………………………………………………………………………….5-83

*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID ………………………………………………………………………………………5-85

*DUALCESE_INITIAL_HYBRID_SET ……………………………………………………………………………….5-87

*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE ……………………………………………………………………………….5-89

*DUALCESE_INITIAL_TWO-PHASE_SET ……………………………………………………………………….. 5-91

LS-DYNA R13

0-5 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DUALCESE_MAT_GAS……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5-93 DUALCESE_MAT_GAS_0 ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 5-95 DUALCESE_MAT_GAS_2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 5-96 DUALCESE_MODEL …………………………………………………………………………………………………..5-98 DUALCESE_NODE2D …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5-99 DUALCESE_NODE3D ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5-100 DUALCESE_NODESET ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 5-101 DUALCESE_PART …………………………………………………………………………………………………….5-102 DUALCESE_PART_MULTIPHASE ………………………………………………………………………………. 5-103 DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_IG ………………………………………………………………………………5-104 DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_IG_REDUCED …………………………………………………………….. 5-106 DUALCESE_REACTION_RATE_P_DEPEND …………………………………………………………………5-107 DUALCESE_SEGMENTSET ……………………………………………………………………………………….5-108
EM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-1 EM_2DAXI ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………6-4 EM_BOUNDARY ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-5 EM_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED …………………………………………………………………………………… 6-6 EM_CIRCUIT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-8 EM_CIRCUIT_CONNECT …………………………………………………………………………………………….6-13 EM_CIRCUIT_ROGO …………………………………………………………………………………………………..6-14 EM_CONTACT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………6-15 EM_CONTACT_RESISTANCE ……………………………………………………………………………………… 6-17 EM_CONTACT_SUBDOM ……………………………………………………………………………………………6-19 EM_CONTROL …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-21 EM_CONTROL_CONTACT ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-23 EM_CONTROL_COUPLING …………………………………………………………………………………………6-25 EM_CONTROL_EROSION …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-27 EM_CONTROL_MAGNET …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-28 EM_CONTROL_SOLUTION …………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-29 EM_CONTROL_SWITCH ……………………………………………………………………………………………..6-31 EM_CONTROL_SWITCH_CONTACT …………………………………………………………………………….6-32 EM_CONTROL_TIMESTEP ………………………………………………………………………………………….6-33 EM_DATABASE_CIRCUIT ……………………………………………………………………………………………6-35 EM_DATABASE_CIRCUIT0D ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-37 EM_DATABASE_ELOUT ……………………………………………………………………………………………..6-38 EM_DATABASE_FIELDLINE ……………………………………………………………………………………….6-39

0-6 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

LS-DYNA R13

TABLE OF CONTENTS

*EM_DATABASE_GLOBALENERGY ………………………………………………………………………………6-42

*EM_DATABASE_NODOUT ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-43

*EM_DATABASE_PARTDATA ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-44

*EM_DATABASE_POINTOUT ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-45

*EM_DATABASE_ROGO ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-46

*EM_DATABASE_TIMESTEP ………………………………………………………………………………………..6-47

*EM_EP_CELLMODEL_DEFINE_FUNCTION …………………………………………………………………6-48

*EM_EP_CELLMODEL_FENTONKARMA ………………………………………………………………………..6-51

*EM_EP_CELLMODEL_FITZHUGHNAGUMO ………………………………………………………………….6-54

*EM_EP_CELLMODEL_TENTUSSCHER ……………………………………………………………………….6-56

*EM_EOS_BURGESS …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-65

*EM_EOS_MEADON …………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-69

*EM_EOS_PERMEABILITY ……………………………………………………………………………………………6-72

*EM_EOS_TABULATED1 ………………………………………………………………………………………………6-73

*EM_EOS_TABULATED2 ………………………………………………………………………………………………6-74

*EM_EXTERNAL_FIELD ………………………………………………………………………………………………..6-75

*EM_ISOPOTENTIAL …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-76

*EM_ISOPOTENTIAL_CONNECT …………………………………………………………………………………. 6-77

*EM_ISOPOTENTIAL_ROGO ……………………………………………………………………………………….6-79

*EM_MAT_001 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-80

*EM_MAT_002 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-82

*EM_MAT_003 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-84

*EM_MAT_004 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-87

*EM_MAT_005 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-88

*EM_MAT_006 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-92

*EM_OUTPUT ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6-94

*EM_PERMANENT_MAGNET ………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-96

*EM_POINT_SET ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-98

*EM_RANDLES_BATMAC…………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-100

*EM_RANDLES_EXOTHERMIC_REACTION ………………………………………………………………..6-108

*EM_RANDLES_MESHLESS ……………………………………………………………………………………….6-111

*EM_RANDLES_TSHELL …………………………………………………………………………………………….6-118

*EM_RANDLES_SHORT …………………………………………………………………………………………….6-126

*EM_RANDLES_SOLID ………………………………………………………………………………………………6-130

*EM_ROTATION_AXIS ………………………………………………………………………………………………..6-138

*EM_SOLVER_BEM ……………………………………………………………………………………………………6-139

*EM_SOLVER_BEMMAT …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-141

LS-DYNA R13

0-7 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EM_SOLVER_FEM ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-142 EM_SOLVER_FEMBEM …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-144 EM_SOLVER_FEMBEM_MONOLITHIC……………………………………………………………………….. 6-145
ICFD ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….7-1 ICFD_BOUNDARY_CONJ_HEAT ……………………………………………………………………………………7-5 ICFD_BOUNDARY_CONVECTION_TEMP ………………………………………………………………………7-6 ICFD_BOUNDARY_FLUX_TEMP ……………………………………………………………………………………. 7-7 ICFD_BOUNDARY_FREESLIP ……………………………………………………………………………………….7-8 ICFD_BOUNDARY_FSI …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7-9 ICFD_BOUNDARY_FSI_EXCLUDE……………………………………………………………………………….. 7-10 ICFD_BOUNDARY_FSWAVE ………………………………………………………………………………………. 7-11 ICFD_BOUNDARY_GROUND ………………………………………………………………………………………7-14 ICFD_BOUNDARY_NONSLIP ………………………………………………………………………………………7-15 ICFD_BOUNDARY_PERIODIC …………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-16 ICFD_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOVEMESH …………………………………………………………….7-18 ICFD_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_PRE ………………………………………………………………………… 7-19 ICFD_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_TEMP ………………………………………………………………………7-20 ICFD_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_TURBULENCE …………………………………………………………. 7-21 ICFD_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VEL …………………………………………………………………………7-24 ICFD_BOUNDARY_WINDKESSEL ………………………………………………………………………………. 7-26 ICFD_CONTROL_ADAPT …………………………………………………………………………………………….7-28 ICFD_CONTROL_ADAPT_SIZE ……………………………………………………………………………………. 7-30 ICFD_CONTROL_CONJ ………………………………………………………………………………………………7-31 ICFD_CONTROL_DEM_COUPLING ……………………………………………………………………………… 7-32 ICFD_CONTROL_EMBEDSHELL …………………………………………………………………………………. 7-34 ICFD_CONTROL_FSI ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-35 ICFD_CONTROL_GENERAL ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-38 ICFD_CONTROL_IMPOSED_MOVE……………………………………………………………………………… 7-39 ICFD_CONTROL_LOAD ………………………………………………………………………………………………7-43 ICFD_CONTROL_MESH ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 7-44 ICFD_CONTROL_MESH_MOV …………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-47 ICFD_CONTROL_MONOLITHIC …………………………………………………………………………………..7-48 ICFD_CONTROL_OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………………………….7-49 ICFD_CONTROL_OUTPUT_SUBDOM ………………………………………………………………………….. 7-52 ICFD_CONTROL_OUTPUT_VAR ………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-54 ICFD_CONTROL_PARTITION ………………………………………………………………………………………7-56

0-8 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

LS-DYNA R13

TABLE OF CONTENTS

*ICFD_CONTROL_POROUS …………………………………………………………………………………………7-57

*ICFD_CONTROL_STEADY ………………………………………………………………………………………….7-58

*ICFD_CONTROL_SURFMESH ……………………………………………………………………………………..7-59

*ICFD_CONTROL_TAVERAGE ………………………………………………………………………………………7-60

*ICFD_CONTROL_TIME ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-61

*ICFD_CONTROL_TRANSIENT …………………………………………………………………………………….7-64

*ICFD_CONTROL_TURBULENCE ………………………………………………………………………………….7-65

*ICFD_CONTROL_TURB_SYNTHESIS …………………………………………………………………………… 7-75

*ICFD_DATABASE_AVERAGE ……………………………………………………………………………………….7-76

*ICFD_DATABASEDRAG{OPTION} …………………………………………………………………………….. 7-77

*ICFD_DATABASE_FLUX ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 7-79

*ICFD_DATABASE_HTC ……………………………………………………………………………………………….7-80

*ICFD_DATABASE_NODEAVG ……………………………………………………………………………………..7-82

*ICFD_DATABASE_NODOUT ………………………………………………………………………………………..7-83

*ICFD_DATABASE_NTEMPOUT …………………………………………………………………………………..7-84

*ICFD_DATABASE_POINTAVG ……………………………………………………………………………………..7-85

*ICFD_DATABASE_POINTOUT ……………………………………………………………………………………..7-86

*ICFD_DATABASE_RESIDUALS ……………………………………………………………………………………. 7-88

*ICFD_DATABASE_SSOUT …………………………………………………………………………………………..7-89

*ICFD_DATABASE_TEMP…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-90

*ICFD_DATABASE_TIMESTEP ……………………………………………………………………………………..7-91

*ICFD_DATABASE_UINDEX ………………………………………………………………………………………….7-92

*ICFD_DEFINE_HEATSOURCE…………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-93

*ICFD_DEFINE_SOURCE ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 7-94

*ICFD_DEFINE_TURBSOURCE …………………………………………………………………………………….7-95

*ICFD_DEFINE_POINT ………………………………………………………………………………………………….7-97

*ICFD_DEFINE_NONINERTIAL ………………………………………………………………………………………7-99

*ICFD_DEFINE_WAVE_DAMPING ………………………………………………………………………………..7-101

*ICFD_INITIAL ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………7-103

*ICFD_INITIAL_LEVELSET …………………………………………………………………………………………..7-104

*ICFD_INITIAL_TEMPNODE ………………………………………………………………………………………..7-106

*ICFD_INITIAL_TURBULENCE …………………………………………………………………………………….7-107

*ICFD_MAT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-108

*ICFD_MODEL_NONNEWT …………………………………………………………………………………………7-111

*ICFD_MODEL_POROUS ……………………………………………………………………………………………7-115

*ICFD_PART ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7-123

*ICFD_PART_VOL ………………………………………………………………………………………………………7-124

LS-DYNA R13

0-9 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ICFD_SECTION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7-126 ICFD_SET_NODE_LIST ……………………………………………………………………………………………..7-127 ICFD_SOLVER_SPLIT ……………………………………………………………………………………………….7-128 ICFD_SOLVER_TOL_FSI ……………………………………………………………………………………………7-129 ICFD_SOLVER_TOL_LSET …………………………………………………………………………………………7-130 ICFD_SOLVER_TOL_MMOV ………………………………………………………………………………………7-131 ICFD_SOLVER_TOL_MOM……………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-132 ICFD_SOLVER_TOL_MONOLITHIC …………………………………………………………………………… 7-133 ICFD_SOLVER_TOL_PRE ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-134 ICFD_SOLVER_TOL_TEMP ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-135
MESH …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8-1 MESH_BL ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8-2 MESH_BL_SYM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8-6 MESH_EMBEDSHELL …………………………………………………………………………………………………..8-7 MESH_INTERF …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8-8 MESH_NODE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….8-9 MESH_SIZE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….8-10 MESH_SIZE_SHAPE …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8-11 MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT ……………………………………………………………………………………….8-15 MESH_SURFACE_NODE …………………………………………………………………………………………….8-17 MESH_VOLUME …………………………………………………………………………………………………………8-18 MESH_VOLUME_ELEMENT ………………………………………………………………………………………… 8-19 MESH_VOLUME_NODE ………………………………………………………………………………………………8-20 MESH_VOLUME_PART ……………………………………………………………………………………………….8-21
STOCHASTIC ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….9-1 STOCHASTIC_SPRAY_PARTICLES ……………………………………………………………………………….9-2 STOCHASTIC_TBX_PARTICLES ……………………………………………………………………………………. 9-7
LSO ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………10-1 LSO_DOMAIN ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10-2 LSO_ID_SET ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………10-6 LSO_POINT_SET ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..10-8 LSO_TIME_SEQUENCE …………………………………………………………………………………………….10-10 *LSO_VARIABLE_GROUP …………………………………………………………………………………………..10-13

0-10 (TABLE OF CONTENTS)

LS-DYNA R13

*INTRODUCTION

LS-DYNA MULTIPHYSICS USER’S MANUAL
INTRODUCTION

In this manual, there are five main solvers: two compressible flow solvers, an incompressible flow solver, an electromagnetism solver, and a battery electrochemistry solver. Each of them implements coupling with the structural solver in LS-DYNA.

The keywords covered in this manual fit into one of three categories. In the first category are the keyword cards that provide input to each of the multiphysics solvers that in turn couple with the structural solver. In the second category are keyword cards involving extensions to the basic solvers. Presently, the chemistry and stochastic particle solvers are the two solvers in this category, and they are used in conjunction with the CESE compressible flow solver discussed below. In the third category are keyword cards for support facilities. A volume mesher that creates volume tetrahedral element meshes from bounding surface meshes is one of these tools. Another is a data output mechanism for a limited set of variables from some of the solvers in this manual. This mechanism is accessed through LSO keyword cards.

The CESE solver is a compressible flow solver based upon the Conservation Element/Solution Element (CE/SE) method, originally proposed by Chang of the NASA Glenn Research Center. This method is a novel numerical framework for conservation laws. It has many non-traditional features, including a unified treatment of space and time, the introduction of separate conservation elements (CE) and solution elements (SE), and a novel shock capturing strategy without using a Riemann solver. This method has been used to solve many types of flow problems, such as detonation waves, shock/acoustic wave interaction, cavitating flows, supersonic liquid jets, and chemically reacting flows. In LS-DYNA, it has been extended to also solve fluidstructure interaction (FSI) problems. It does this with two approaches. The first approach solves the compressible flow equations on an Eulerian mesh while the structural mechanics is solved on a moving mesh that moves through the fixed CE/SE mesh. In the second approach (new with this version), the CE/SE mesh moves in a fashion such that its FSI boundary surface matches the corresponding FSI boundary surface of the moving structural mechanics mesh. This second approach is more accurate for FSI problems, especially with boundary layers flows. Another feature with the CESE moving mesh solver is conjugate heat transfer coupling with the solid thermal solver. The chemistry and stochastic particle solvers are two addon solvers that extend the CESE solver.

The dual CESE solver is another compressible flow solver that is also based upon the Conservation Element/Solution Element (CE/SE) method, but with improvements

LS-DYNA R13

1-1 (INTRODUCTION)

*INTRODUCTION

related to accuracy and robustness. This method follows a similar novel numerical framework for conservation laws. In LS-DYNA, the dual CESE solver also include fluid-structure interaction (FSI) capabilities. It also does this with two approaches. The first approach solves the compressible flow equations on an Eulerian mesh while the structural mechanics is solved on a moving mesh that moves through the fixed dual CE/SE mesh. In the second approach. the dual CE/SE mesh moves in a fashion such that its FSI boundary surface matches the corresponding FSI boundary surface of the moving structural mechanics mesh. This second approach is more accurate for FSI problems, especially with boundary layers flows. One of the advances in these FSI computations with the dual CESE solver as compared with the older CESE solver is that each FSI approach (or fixed mesh Eulerian solver) may be employed in different subregions of the fluid mesh in the same problem. Unlike the *CESE solvers, the dual CESE solvers do not yet have conjugate heat transfer coupling with the solid thermal solver, nor coupling with the chemistry or stochastic particle solvers. Another advance available only with the dual CESE solvers is the availability of equations of state for pure and pseudo-pure fluids of industrial interest in the REFPROP and COOLPROP EOS libraries. These complex EOSes are generally expensive to evaluate, so a bi-cubic table look-up mechanism has been developed that greatly accelerates their use.

The third solver is the incompressible flow solver (ICFD) that is fully coupled with the solid mechanics solver. This coupling permits robust FSI analysis via either an explicit technique when the FSI is weak, or using an implicit coupling when the FSI coupling is strong. In addition to being able to handle free surface flows, there is also a bi-phasic flow capability that involves modeling using a conservative Lagrangian interface tracking technique. Basic turbulence models are also supported. This solver is the first in LS-DYNA to make use of a new volume mesher that takes surface meshes bounding the fluid domain as input (*MESH keywords). In addition, during the time advancement of the incompressible flow, the solution is adaptively re- meshed as an automatic feature of the solver. Another important feature of the mesher is the ability to create boundary layer meshes. These anisotropic meshes become a crucial part of the model when shear stresses are to be calculated near fluid walls. The ICFD solver is also coupled to the solid thermal solver using a monolithic approach for conjugate heat transfer problems.

The fourth solver is an electromagnetics (EM) solver. This module solves the Maxwell equations in the Eddy current (induction-diffusion) approximation. This is suitable for cases where the propagation of electromagnetic waves in air (or vacuum) can be considered as instantaneous. Therefore, the wave propagation is not solved. The main applications are Magnetic Metal Forming, bending or welding, induced heating, ring expansions and so forth. The EM module allows the introduction of a source of electrical current into solid conductors and the computation of the associated magnetic field, electric field, as well as induced currents. The EM solver is coupled with the structural mechanics solver (the Lorentz forces are added to the mechanics equations of motion), and with the structural thermal solver (the ohmic heating is added to the thermal solver as an extra source of heat). The EM fields are solved using a Finite

1-2 (INTRODUCTION)

LS-DYNA R13

*INTRODUCTION

Element Method (FEM) for the conductors and a Boundary Element Method (BEM) for the surrounding air/insulators. Thus no air mesh is necessary.

The fifth solver is a battery electrochemistry solver. At this time, the available capability involves a one-dimensional electrochemistry solver that is coupled to the structural mechanics and structural thermal solver in each structural element identified as being part of a battery cell. It solves these one-dimensional models implicitly so as to be able to run simulations for very long physical times that are typical of batterystructure interaction problems.

As stated above, the CHEMISTRY and STOCHASTIC cards are only used in the CESE solver at this time.

LS-DYNA R13

1-3 (INTRODUCTION)

BATTERY
BATTERY
The keyword BATTERY provides input data for the electrochemistry solver: BATTERY_ECHEM_CELL_GEOMETRY BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER BATTERY_ECHEM_INITIAL BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ANODE BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_CATHODE BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ELECTROLYTE BATTERY_ECHEM_PART *BATTERY_ECHEM_THERMAL
For now, the available capability involves a one-dimensional electrochemistry solver that is coupled to the structural mechanics and structural thermal solver in each structural element identified as being part of a battery cell.

LS-DYNA R13

2-1 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CELL_GEOMETRY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CELL_GEOMETRY Purpose: Set general-purpose geometry variables for a single cell BATTERY model.

Card 1

Variable IMODEL ALEN SLEN CLEN ACCLEN CCCLEN

Type

Default none none none none none none

Remarks

Card 2

Variable AMESH SMESH CMESH ACCMESH CCCMESH

Type

Default none none none

none

Remarks

VARIABLE IMODEL
ALEN SLEN CLEN ACCLEN CCCLEN AMESH

DESCRIPTION A battery model identifier. The length of anode side electrode. The length of separator. The length of cathode side electrode. The length of negative current collector. The length of positive current collector. The number of anode side meshes.

2-2 (BATTERY)

LS-DYNA R13

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CELL_GEOMETRY

VARIABLE SMESH CMESH
ACCMESH CCCMESH

DESCRIPTION The number of separator. The number of cathode side electrode. The number of negative current collector. The number of positive current collector.

*BATTERY

Remarks:
1. The battery model identifier (IMODEL) should match the IMODEL value specified in the corresponding BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER card. In case a different value is given, the value on the BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER card will be the default.

LS-DYNA R13

2-3 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER
Purpose: Set general purpose control variables for a battery electrochemistry simulation.

Card 1

Variable IMODEL IGEOM IMODE NCYCLE

Type

Default none none

Cycle Card. Include NCYCLE of this card, one for each cycle.

Card 2

Variable IRUN LCUR CURV CTIME VCUT

Type

Default none none none 0.0

0.0

VARIABLE IMODEL
IGEOM
IMODE NCYCLE

DESCRIPTION Battery model:
EQ.1: A single insertion model EQ.2: Dual insertion model
Geometric dimension: EQ.1: A single cell (1D) problem EQ.101: A single cell with thermal coupling
Battery running mode (see Remark 1): EQ.1: Galvanostatic run
The number of cycles to run. Default is 1 cycle.

2-4 (BATTERY)

LS-DYNA R13

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER

*BATTERY

VARIABLE IRUN

DESCRIPTION
Battery simulation cycle termination criterion: EQ.1: The current cycle runs for a given time. EQ.2: The current cycle runs until the cell voltage reaches VCUT.

LCUR

Running current: EQ.0: Constant current EQ.1: Variable current

CURV
CTIME VCUT

Current/voltage value to run. If LCUR = 1, then CURVE will be the initial current to run.
Running time for the cycle if IRUN = 1. Otherwise ignored.
Cutoff voltage to terminate cycle if IRUN = 2. Otherwise ignored.

Remarks:
1. Battery Mode. Default simulation for the battery model is galvanostatic charge/discharge mode. We plan to implement a potentiostatic mode in the future. A potentiostatic mode is simulated by running the galvanostatic mode until the desired cell potential is achieved through iteration of the cell current density.

LS-DYNA R13

2-5 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_INITIAL

*BATTERY_ECHEM_INITIAL
Purpose: Initializes all simulation mesh points in the composite electrodes and electrolyte in every element of the BATTERY.

Card 1

Variable ECHEMID MID

Type

Default none

none

Card 2

Variable LIC

LISIC PHI2IC PHI1IC CURIC FLUXIC

Type

Default none none none none none none

VARIABLE ECHEMID
MID LIC LISIC PHI2IC PHI1IC CURIC FLUXIC

DESCRIPTION Identifier of the electrochemistry control card to use Identifier of the battery material to use. Currently not used. Initial concentration of Lithium ions Initial concentration of Lithium ions in the solid particles Initial condition of the electrolyte potential Initial condition of the electrode potential. Initial operating current Initial pore-wall flux

2-6 (BATTERY)

LS-DYNA R13

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ANODE

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ANODE Purpose: Set the battery material variables for the anode side electrode.

Card 1

Variable PID IOCPA CAPTA S_XA RADA RATEA RANODE

Type

Default none none none none none none none

Card 2

Variable RHOEA RHOFA RHOCCA DIFFA CONDA

Type

Default none none none none none

Card 3

Variable VFEA VFPA VFFA VFGA

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE PID
IOCPA

DESCRIPTION Part ID
Material type for the open-circuit potential: EQ.1: Lithium metal foil EQ.2: Titanium disulfide, LixTiS2 (0 < x < 1) EQ.3: Petroleum coke, carbon

LS-DYNA R13

2-7 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY
VARIABLE
CAPTA S_XA
RADA
RATEA RANODE RHOEA
RHOFA RHOCCA
DIFFA
CONDA
VFEA VFPA VFFA VFGA

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ANODE
DESCRIPTION EQ.4: MCMB 2510 carbon EQ.5: MCMB 2528 carbon
Coulombic capacity of anode material (mAh/g) Initial lithium stoichiometric coefficient of the anode side active material. For example, LixWO3 (0 < x < 0.67).
Radius of spherical particles in the anode side active material (m) Reaction rate constant for the anode electrode Film resistance for the anode electrode Density of anode insertion material (electrode particles) (Kg/m3) Density of the anode side inert filler (Kg/m3) Density of the anode side current collector (Kg/m3) Diffusion coefficient of lithium ions in the anode insertion material (m2/s)
Effective electronic conductivity of the anode porous electrode (S/m) Volume fraction of electrolyte in the anode electrode Volume fraction of the polymer phase in the anode electrode Volume fraction of the inert filler in the anode electrode
Volume fraction of the gas in the anode electrode

2-8 (BATTERY)

LS-DYNA R13

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_CATHODE

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_CATHODE Purpose: Set the battery material variables for the positive electrode.

Card 1

Variable PID IOCPC CAPTC S_YC S_RAD RATEC RCATH

Type

Default none none none none none none none

PROPERTY Card.

Card 2

Variable RHOEC RHOFC RHOCCC DIFFC CONDC

Type

Default none none none none none

POROCITY Card.

Card 3

Variable VFEC VFPC VFFC VFGC

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE PID
IOCPC
LS-DYNA R13

DESCRIPTION Part number identifier Material identifier for the open-circuit potential.
EQ.1: Titanium disulfide, LiyTiS2 (0 < y<1). EQ.2: Spinel Mn2O4 (lower plateau) (1.1 < y<1.99).
2-9 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_CATHODE

VARIABLE

DESCRIPTION EQ.3: Cobalt dioxide, LiyCoO2 (0.0 < y<0.99). EQ.4: Spinel Mn2O4 (upper plateau) (0.17 < y<0.99). EQ.5: NMC-111 (not working). EQ.6: NMC-811 (not working). EQ.7: LFP (not working).

CAPTC S_YC
S_RAD
RATEC RCATH RHOEC
RHOFC RHOCCC
DIFFC
CONDC
VFEC VFPC VFFC VFGC

Coulombic capacity of the cathode material. (mAh/g)
Initial Lithium stoichiometric coefficient of the cathode side active material. For example LiyWO3 (0 < y<0.67).
Radius of spherical particle in the cathode side active material. (m)
Reaction rate constant for the cathode electrode.
Film resistance for the cathode electrode.
Density of the cathode insertion material (electrode particles). (Kg/m3)
Density of the cathode side inert filler. (Kg/m3)
Density of the cathode side current collector. (Kg/m3)
Diffusion coefficient of Lithium ions in the cathode insertion material. (m2/s)
Effective electronic conductivity of the cathode porous electrode. (S/m).
Volume fraction of electrolyte in the cathode electrode.
Volume fraction of the polymer phase in the cathode electrode.
Volume fraction of the inert filler in the cathode electrode.
Volume fraction of the gas in the cathode electrode.

2-10 (BATTERY)

LS-DYNA R13

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ELECTROLYTE

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ELECTROLYTE Purpose: Set the battery material variables for the electrolyte and separator.

Card 1

Variable PID IELYTE ETYPE RHOE RHOP RHOS CLMAX

Type

Default none none none none none none none

Card 2

Variable VFES VFPS VFGS

Type

Default none none none

VARIABLE PID
IELYTE

DESCRIPTION
Part ID
Material type for the open-circuit potential: EQ.1: Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate in Methyl acetate, LiAsF6 EQ.2: Perchlorate in polyethylene oxide (PEO) EQ.3: Sodium Triflate, CF3NaO3S in PEO EQ.4: Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate in propylene carbonate (PC) EQ.5: Perchlorate in PC EQ.6: Triflate in PEO EQ.7: LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate (EC) / dimethyl carbonates (DMC) and P(VDF-HFP)

LS-DYNA R13

2-11 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ELECTROLYTE

VARIABLE ETYPE

DESCRIPTION
Type of electrolyte (Kg/m3): EQ.0: Liquid electrolyte EQ.1: Solid electrolyte

RHOE RHOP RHOS CLMAX VFES VFPS VFGS

Density of the electrolyte (Kg/m3) Density of the polymer phase (Kg/m3) Density of the separator material (Kg/m3) Maximum concentration of the electrolyte Volume fraction of electrolyte in the separator Volume fraction of the polymer phase in the separator Volume fraction of the gas in the separator

2-12 (BATTERY)

LS-DYNA R13

*BATTERY_ECHEM_PART

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_PART Purpose: Set the material and EOS identifiers for the BATTERY solver.

Card 1

Variable PID

MID EOSID

Type

Default none none none

VARIABLE PID MID
EOSID

DESCRIPTION Part identifier (must be different from any PID on a PART card)
Material identifier defined by ECHEM_BATTERYMAT… card
Equation of state identifier defined using a *ECHEM_BATTERYEOS… card

LS-DYNA R13

2-13 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_THERMAL

Purpose: Set parameters for the thermal treatment in a cell stack.

Card 1

Variable TNAME TID

IPRT

CP HCONV TEMP DUDT

Type

Default none none none none none none none

Remarks

Battery Cell Output File (an ASCII file) Card.

Card 2

Variable

FILE

Type

VARIABLE TNAME TID
IPRT
CP HCONV
2-14 (BATTERY)

DESCRIPTION Thermal material identifier Material identifier
EQ.0: Constant temperature mode. EQ.1: Isothermal temperature with time. EQ.2: Thermal coupling with LS-DYNA thermal solver.
Data print in ASCII format EQ.0: No data print out. EQ.1: Time vs. heat flux print out for thermal solver. EQ.2: Time vs. cell temperature print out.
The specific heat coefficient of the cell. (J/Kg K) Convective heat transfer coefficient with external medium. (W/m2K)
LS-DYNA R13

*BATTERY_ECHEM_THERMAL

*BATTERY

VARIABLE TEMP DUDT

DESCRIPTION Ambient temperature around the cell stack. (K)
The temperature coefficient of open circuit potential (V/K). EQ.0: Constant coefficient given by MULT. EQ.1: Coefficient as function of temperature.

FILE

Name of the battery cell output file (ASCII)

Remarks:
1. In case of thermal-mechanical coupling, the part number for the battery simulation must be specified, so only this part number is considered in the battery parts.
2. If TID is 2, these values are set through the THERMAL Material card. including anisotropic conductivities (see *MAT_THERMAL_ORTHOTROPIC).

Example:

The following is a partial example for 1D Electrochemisty.

*Keyword

*TITLE

1D battery models

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CONTROL_SOLVER

$——–1———2———3———4———5———6———7

$ model_id idimen runmod icycle

$ o_mode

itype o_curt r_time

cutv

2.0

*BATTERY_ECHEM_CELL_GEOMETRY

$——–1———2———3———4———5———6———7

$ model_id anode_l separ_l cathode_l acoll_l ccoll_l

1 1.0e-4 2.5e-5 1.0e-4

2.5e-5 2.5e-5

$ na_mesh ns_mesh np_mesh

*BATTERY_ECHEM_INITIAL

$——–1———2———3———4———5———6———7

$ echemid

mid

echeml batt_matl

$ Li_con solid_c

PHI2

PHIl curric pw_flux

hic

1000.0

0.0

0.05

0.0

5.0 -1.0e-7

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ANODE

$——–1———2———3———4———5———6———7

$ a_pid aocp_id capatl

s_xa s_radl rate_c ranode

372.2

0.6 10.0e-6 1.0e-5

0.0

$ rhoea

rhofa rhocca diff_a

con_a

LS-DYNA R13

2-15 (BATTERY)

*BATTERY

*BATTERY_ECHEM_THERMAL

1800.0 1800.0 8954.0 3.9e-14

100.0

$ vfela

vfpla

vffia

vfgsa

0.3

0.0

0.1

0.0

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_CATHODE

$——–1———2———3———4———5———6———7

$ c_pid cocp_id capat3

s_yc s_rad3 rate_c rcathoe

274.0

0.5 10.0e-6 3.0e-11

0.0

$ rhoec

rhofc rhoccc diff_c

con_c

5010.0 1800.0 2707.0 1.0e-13

10.0

$ vfelc

vfplc

vffic

vfgsx

0.3

0.0

0.2

0.0

*BATTERY_ECHEM_MAT_ELECTROLYTE

$——–1———2———3———4———5———6———7

$ elyt_pid elyte_id

etype

rhoel

rhopl

rhose cl_max

0 1324.0 1780.0 2000.0 8500.0

$ vfels

vfpls

vfgss

1.0

0.0

*BATTERY_ECHEM_THERMAL

$——–1———2———3———4———5———6———7

$ t_name therm_id

iprt

htc

temp

dudt

hot_batt

1 2000.0

6.0

298.0

0.0

heat_discharg_lco.k

*END

2-16 (BATTERY)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE

The keyword *CESE provides input data for the Conservation Element/Solution Element (CESE) compressible fluid solver:

*CESE_BOUNDARYAXISYMMETRIC{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARY_BLAST_LOAD}

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CONJHEAT{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARYCYCLIC{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARYFSI{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARY_NONREFLECTIVE{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARYPRESCRIBED{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARYREFLECTIVE{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARYSLIDING{OPTION}

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLIDWALL{OPTION1}_{OPTION2}

*CESE_CHEMISTRY_D3PLOT

*CESE_CONTROL_LIMITER

*CESE_CONTROL_MESH_MOV

*CESE_CONTROL_SOLVER

*CESE_CONTROL_TIMESTEP

*CESE_DATABASE_ELOUT

*CESE_DATABASE_FLUXAVG

*CESE_DATABASE_FSIDRAG

*CESE_DATABASE_POINTOUT

*CESE_DATABASE_SSETDRAG

*CESE_DEFINE_NONINERTIAL

*CESE_DEFINE_POINT

LS-DYNA R13

3-1 (CESE)

CESE
CESE_DRAG CESE_EOS_CAV_HOMOGEQUILIB CESE_EOS_IDEAL_GAS CESE_EOS_INFLATOR1 CESE_EOS_INFLATOR2 CESE_FSI_EXCLUDE CESE_INITIAL CESEINITIAL{OPTION} CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_ELEMENT CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_PART CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_SET CESE_MAT_000 CESE_MAT_001 (CESE_MAT_GAS) CESE_MAT_002 CESE_PART CESE_SURFACE_MECHSSID_D3PLOT CESE_SURFACE_MECHVARS_D3PLOT
Note that when performing a chemistry calculation with the CESE solver, initialization should only be done with the CESE_INITIALCHEMISTRY… cards, not the CESE_INITIAL… cards.

3-2 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_AXISYMMETRIC

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_AXISYMMETRIC_OPTION Available options are
MSURF MSURF_SET SET SEGMENT Purpose: Define an axisymmetric boundary condition on the axisymmetric axis for the 2D axisymmetric CESE compressible flow solver.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID

Type

Default none

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S

Type

Default none

LS-DYNA R13

3-3 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_AXISYMMETRIC

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1c

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

Segment Cards. Card 1 format used when SEGMENT keyword option is active. Include an additional card for each corresponding pair of segments. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1d

Variable N1

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE MSURFID MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, …

DESCRIPTION
Mesh surface part ID referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Identifier of a set of mesh surface part IDs created with a LSO_ID_SET card, where each mesh surface part ID in the set is referenced in *MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Segment set ID
Node IDs defining a segment

Remarks:
1. This boundary condition can only be used on the axisymmetric axis for the 2D axisymmetric CESE fluid solver.

3-4 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_BLAST_LOAD

*CESE

CESE_BOUNDARY_BLAST_LOAD_OPTION
Available options include:
MSURF
MSURF_SET
SET
SEGMENT
Purpose: For the CESE compressible flow solver, set boundary values for velocity, density, and pressure from a blast wave defined by a LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED card. Boundary values are applied at the centroid of elements connected with this boundary. OPTION = SET and OPTION = SEGMENT are for user defined meshes whereas OPTION = MSURF or MSURF_SET are associated with the automatic volume mesher (See *MESH keywords).

That is, the MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active.

Card 1a

Variable BID MSURFID

Type

Default none none

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active.

Card 1b

Variable BID MSURF_S

Type

Default none none

LS-DYNA R13

3-5 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_BLAST_LOAD

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active.

Card 1c

Variable BID

SSID

Type

Default none none

Segment Card. Card 1 for SEGMENT keyword option is active.

Card 1d

Variable BID

Type

Default none none none none none

VARIABLE BID
MSURFID
MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, …

DESCRIPTION
Blast source ID (see LOAD_BLAST_ENHANCED).
A mesh surface part ID referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards
Identifier of a set of mesh surface part IDs created with a LSO_ID_SET card, where each mesh surface part ID in the set is referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Segment set ID
Node ID’s defining a segment

3-6 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CONJ_HEAT

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CONJ_HEAT_OPTION
Available options are:
MSURF
MSURF_SET
SET
SEGMENT
Purpose: Define a conjugate heat transfer interface condition for CESE compressible flows. This condition identifies those boundary faces of the CESE mesh that are in contact with non-moving structural parts, and through which heat flows. This is only possible when the structural thermal solver is also in being used in the structural parts.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 used when the MSURF keyword option is active. Include as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID

Type

Default none

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active. Include as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S

Type

Default none

LS-DYNA R13

3-7 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CONJ_HEAT

Set Card. Card 1 used when the SET keyword option is active. Include as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1c

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

Segment Cards. Card 1 used when SEGMENT keyword option is active. Include an additional card for each corresponding pair of segments. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1d

Variable N1

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE MSURFID MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, …

DESCRIPTION
Mesh surface part ID referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Identifier of a set of mesh surface part IDs created with an LSO_ID_SET card, where each mesh surface part ID in the set is referenced in *MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Segment set ID
Node IDs defining a segment

Remarks:
1. This boundary condition should only be imposed on a CESE mesh boundary that is in contact with non-moving structural parts. An Eulerian CESE solver is required, as is use of the structural thermal solver.

3-8 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC_OPTION Available options are:
MSURF MSURF_SET SET SEGMENT Purpose: Define a cyclic (periodic) boundary condition for CESE compressible flows. This cyclic boundary condition (CBC) can be used on periodic boundary surfaces.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Card Sets. The following sequence of cards comprises a single set. LS-DYNA will continue reading CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL card sets until the next keyword (“”) card is encountered.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID1 MSURFID2 CYCTYP

Type

Default none none

Remarks

1, 2

LS-DYNA R13

3-9 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active.

Card 1b

Variable MSRF_S1 MSRF_S2 CYCTYP

Type

Default none none

Remarks

1, 3

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active.

Card 1c

Variable SSID1 SSID2 CYCTYP

Type

Default none none

Remarks

1, 4

Segment Card. Card 1 format used when SEGMENT keyword option is active. Include an additional card for each corresponding pair of segments. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1d

Variable ND1

ND2

ND3

ND4

NP1

NP2

NP3

NP4

Type

Default none none none none none none none none

3-10 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC

*CESE

Rotation Case Card. Additional card for the MSURF, MSURF_SET, and SET options when CYCTYP = 1.

Card 2a

Variable AXISX1 AXISY1 AXISZ1 DIRX DIRY DIRZ ROTANG

Type

Default 0.0

0.0

0.0 none none none none

Translation Case Card. Additional card for the MSURF, MSURF_SET, and SET options when CYCTYP = 2.

Card 2b

Variable TRANSX TRANSY TRANSZ

Type

Default none none none

VARIABLE MSURFID1, MSURFID2 MSRF_S1,
MSRF_S2 CYCTYP
SSID1 & SSID2
LS-DYNA R13

DESCRIPTION
Mesh surface part numbers referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Identifiers of two sets of mesh surface part IDs, each created with a LSO_ID_SET card, where each mesh surface part ID in each set is referenced in *MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Relationship between the two cyclic boundary condition surfaces:
EQ.0: none assumed (default)
EQ.1: The first surface is rotated about an axis to match the second surface.
EQ.2: The faces of the first surface are translated in a given direction to obtain the corresponding faces on the second surface.

A pair of segment set IDs

3-11 (CESE)

*CESE
NDi, NPi
AXIS[Z,Y,Z]1 DIR[X,Y,Z] ROTANG
TRANS[X,Y,Z]

*CESE_BOUNDARY_CYCLIC
Node IDs defining a pair of segments: ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4 define the first segment, while NP1, NP2, NP3, NP4 define the second segment. This pair of segments must match either through a geometric translation or rotation.
A point on the axis of rotation for CYCTYP.EQ.1.
The direction which together with AXIS[X,Y,Z]1 defines the axis of rotation for CYCTYP.EQ.1.
The angle of rotation (in degrees) that transforms the centroid of each face on the first surface to the centroid of the corresponding face on the second surface (for CYCTYP.EQ.1).
The translation direction that enables the identification of the segment in the second surface that matches a segment in the first surface (for CYCTYP.EQ.2).

Remarks:
1. For the MSURF, MSURF_SET, or SET options with CYCTYP.EQ.0, the code examines the geometry of two faces of the two surfaces in order to determine if the surfaces are approximately parallel (CYCTYP.EQ.2), or related through a rotation (CYCTYP.EQ.1). The geometric parameters required are then computed.
2. For the MSURF option, there must be the same number of mesh surface elements in each mesh surface part, and the mesh surface elements in each mesh surface part are then internally ordered in order to match pairwise between the two mesh surface parts.
3. For the MSURF_SET option, there must be the same number of mesh surface elements in each mesh surface part set, and the mesh surface elements in each mesh surface part set are then internally ordered in order to match pairwise between the two mesh surface part sets.
4. For the SET option, there must be the same number of segments in each set, and the segments in each set are then internally ordered in order to match pairwise between the two sets.

3-12 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_FSI

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_FSI_OPTION
Available options are:
MSURF
MSURF_SET
SET
SEGMENT Purpose: Define an FSI boundary condition for the moving mesh CESE compressible flow solver. This card must not be combined with the immersed- boundary method CESE solver, and doing so will result in an error termination condition.

This boundary condition must be applied on a surface of the CESE computational domain that is co-located with surfaces of the outside boundary of the structural mechanics mesh. The nodes of the two meshes will generally not be shared.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID

Type

Default none

LS-DYNA R13

3-13 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_FSI

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S

Type

Default none

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1c

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

Segment Cards. Card 1 format used when SEGMENT keyword option is active. Include an additional card for each corresponding pair of segments. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1d

Variable N1

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE MSURFID

DESCRIPTION
Mesh surface part ID referenced in *MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.

3-14 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_FSI

*CESE

VARIABLE MSURF_S
SSID N1, …

DESCRIPTION
Identifier of a set of mesh surface part IDs created with a LSO_ID_SET card, where each mesh surface part ID in the set is referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Segment set ID.
Node IDs defining a segment

Remarks:
1. This boundary condition card is also needed for conjugate heat transfer problems with the moving mesh CESE solver.

LS-DYNA R13

3-15 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTIVE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTIVE_OPTION
Available options are:
MSURF
MSURF_SET
SET
SEGMENT Purpose: Define a passive boundary condition for CESE compressible flows. This nonreflective boundary condition (NBC) provides an artificial computational boundary for an open boundary that is passive.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 used when the MSURF keyword option is active. Include as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID

Type

Default none

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active. Include as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S

Type

Default none

3-16 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTIVE

*CESE

Set Card. Card 1 used when the SET keyword option is active. Include as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1c

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

Segment Cards. Card 1 used when SEGMENT keyword option is active. Include an additional card for each corresponding pair of segments. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1d

Variable N1

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE MSURFID MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, …

Remarks:
1. This boundary condition is usually imposed on an open surface that is far from the main disturbed flow (the further away, the better), i.e., the flow on that boundary surface should be almost uniform.

LS-DYNA R13

3-17 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTIVE

2. If any boundary segment has not been assigned a boundary condition by any of the *CESEBOUNDARY… cards, then it will automatically be assigned this non-reflective boundary condition.

3-18 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED

*CESE

CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_OPTION
Available options include:
MSURF
MSURF_SET
SET
SEGMENT
Purpose: For the CESE compressible flow solver, set boundary values for velocity, density, pressure and temperature. Boundary values are applied at the centroid of elements connected with this boundary. OPTION = SET and OPTION = SEGMENT are for user defined meshes whereas OPTION = MSURF or MSURF_SET are associated with the automatic volume mesher (See MESH keywords).

That is, the MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Card Sets:
A set of data cards for this keyword consists of 3 of the following cards:
1. Card 1 specifies the object to which the boundary condition is applied. Its format depends on the keyword option.
2. Card 2 reads in load curve IDs.
3. Card 3 reads in scale factors. For each boundary condition to be specified include one set of cards. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID IDCOMP

Type

Default none none

LS-DYNA R13

3-19 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S IDCOMP

Type

Default none none

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active.

Card 1c

Variable SSID IDCOMP

Type

Default none none

Segment Card. Card 1 for SEGMENT keyword option is active.

Card 1d

Variable N1

N4 IDCOMP

Type

Default none none none none none

3-20 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED

Load Curve Card.

Card 2

Variable LC_U LC_V LC_W LC_RHO LC_P LC_T

Type

Remarks 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3

*CESE

Scale Factor Card.

Card 3

Variable SF_U SF_V SF_W SF_RHO SF_P SF_T

Type

Default 1.0

1.0

Remarks

VARIABLE MSURFID MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, … IDCOMP
LC_U

DESCRIPTION
A mesh surface part ID referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards
Identifier of a set of mesh surface part IDs created with a LSO_ID_SET card, where each mesh surface part ID in the set is referenced in MESH_SURFACE_ELEMENT cards.
Segment set ID
Node ID’s defining a segment
For inflow boundaries in problems involving chemical reacting flows, the chemical mixture of the fluid entering the domain is defined with a CHEMISTRY_COMPOSITION card with this ID.
Load curve ID to describe the x-component of the velocity versus time; see *DEFINE_CURVE.

LS-DYNA R13

3-21 (CESE)

*CESE
VARIABLE LC_V
LC_W
LC_RHO LC_P LC_T SF_U SF_V SF_W
SF_RHO SF_P SF_T

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED
DESCRIPTION Load curve ID to describe the y-component of the velocity versus time. Load curve ID to describe the z-component of the velocity versus time. Load curve ID to describe the density versus time. Load curve ID to describe the pressure versus time. Load curve ID to describe the temperature versus time. Scale factor for LC_U (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_V (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_W (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_RHO (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_P (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_T (default = 1.0).

Remarks:
1. On each centroid or set of centroids, the variables ( , , , , , ) that are given values must be consistent and make the model well-posed (i.e., be such that the solution of the model exists, is unique and physical).
2. If any of the load curves are 0, the corresponding variable will take the constant value of the corresponding scale factor. For instance, if LC_RHO = 0, then the constant value of the density for this boundary condition will be SF_RHO.
3. If a load ID is -1 for a given variable, then the boundary value for that variable is computed by the solver, and not specified by the user.

3-22 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN

*CESE

CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN_OPTION
Available options include:
MSURF
MSURF_SET
SET
SEGMENT
Purpose: For the CESE compressible flow solver, set boundary values for velocity, density, pressure and temperature. Boundary values are applied at the centroid of elements connected with this boundary. OPTION = SET and OPTION = SEGMENT are for user defined meshes whereas OPTION = MSURF or MSURF_SET are associated with the automatic volume mesher (See MESH keywords).

That is, the MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID IDCOMP

Type

Default none none

LS-DYNA R13

3-23 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S IDCOMP

Type

Default none none

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active.

Card 1c

Variable SSID IDCOMP

Type

Default none none

Segment Card. Card 1 for SEGMENT keyword option is active.

Card 1d

Variable N1

N4 IDCOMP

Type

Default none none none none none

3-24 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN

Load Curve Card.

Card 2

Variable LC_VN

LC_RHO LC_P LC_T

Type

Remarks 1,2,3

1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3

*CESE

Scale Factor Card.

Card 3

Variable SF_VN

SF_RHO SF_P SF_T

Type

Default 1.0

1.0

Remarks

VARIABLE MSURFID MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, … IDCOMP
LC_VN

LS-DYNA R13

3-25 (CESE)

*CESE
VARIABLE LC_RHO
LC_P LC_T SF_VN SF_RHO SF_P SF_T

*CESE_BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_VN
DESCRIPTION Load curve ID to describe the density versus time. Load curve ID to describe the pressure versus time. Load curve ID to describe the temperature versus time. Scale factor for LC_VN (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_RHO (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_P (default = 1.0). Scale factor for LC_T (default = 1.0).

Remarks:
1. On each centroid or set of centroids, the variables ( , , , ) that are given values must be consistent and make the model well-posed (i.e., be such that the solution of the model exists, is unique and physical).
2. If any of the load curves are 0, the corresponding variable will take the constant value of the corresponding scale factor. For instance, if LC_RHO = 0, then the constant value of the density for this boundary condition will be SF_RHO.
3. If a load ID is -1 for a given variable, then the boundary value for that variable is computed by the solver, and not specified by the user.

3-26 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

CESE_BOUNDARY_REFLECTIVE CESE_BOUNDARY_REFLECTIVE_OPTION Available options are:
MSURF MSURF_SET SET SEGMENT

*CESE

Purpose: Define a reflective boundary condition (RBC) for the CESE compressible flow solver. This boundary condition can be applied on a symmetrical surface or a solid wall of the computational domain.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID

Type

Default none

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S

Type

Default none

LS-DYNA R13

3-27 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_REFLECTIVE

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1c

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

Segment Cards. Card 1 format used when SEGMENT keyword option is active. Include an additional card for each corresponding pair of segments. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1d

Variable N1

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE MSURFID MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, …

Remarks:
1. This boundary condition has the same effect as a solid-wall boundary condition for inviscid flows.

3-28 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SLIDING

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SLIDING_OPTION Available options are:
MSURF MSURF_SET SET SEGMENT Purpose: Allows nodes of a fluid surface to translate in the main direction of mesh movement. This is useful in piston type applications.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID

Type

Default none

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S

Type

Default none

LS-DYNA R13

3-29 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SLIDING

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1c

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

Segment Cards. Card 1 format used when SEGMENT keyword option is active. Include an additional card for each corresponding pair of segments. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1d

Variable N1

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE MSURFID MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, …

3-30 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL_OPTION1_OPTION2
For OPTION1 the choices are:
MSURF
MSURF_SET
SET
SEGMENT For OPTION2 the choices are:

ROTAT Purpose: Define a solid wall boundary condition (SBC) for this CESE compressible flow solver. This boundary condition can be applied at a solid boundary that is the physical boundary for the flow field. For inviscid flow, this will be a slip boundary condition; while for viscous flows, it is a no- slip boundary condition.

The MSURF and MSURF_SET options are used when the CESE mesh has been created using MESH cards. The SET and SEGMENT cards are used when ELEMENT_SOLID cards are used to define the CESE mesh.

Card Sets. The following sequence of cards comprises a single set. LS-DYNA will continue reading CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL card sets until the next keyword (“”) card is encountered.

Surface Part Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF keyword option is active.

Card 1a

Variable MSURFID LCID

Type

Default none

0.0

Remarks

2, 3

LS-DYNA R13

3-31 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL

Surface Part Set Card. Card 1 format used when the MSURF_SET keyword option is active.

Card 1b

Variable MSURF_S LCID

Type

Default none

0.0

Remarks

2, 3

Set Card. Card 1 format used when the SET keyword option is active.

Card 1c

Variable SSID LCID

Type

Default none

0.0

Remarks

2, 3

Segment Card. Card 1 format used when SEGMENT keyword option is active.

Card 1d

Variable N1

LCID

Type

Default none none none none

0.0

Remarks

2, 3

3-32 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL

*CESE

Rotating Axis Card. Additional card for the “Segment Card” case that is read when the ROTAT keyword option is used.

Card 2

Variable Nx

Type

Default 0.0

0.0

Remarks

VARIABLE MSURFID
MSURF_S
SSID N1, N2, …
LCID

If OPTION2 = :

Vx, Vy, Vz

velocity vector of the solid wall:

LCID.EQ.0: it is defined by (Vx, Vy, Vz) itself;

LCID.NE.0: it will be defined by both of the load curve and (Vx, Vy, Vz); Nx, Ny, Nz are not used in this case.

If OPTION2 = ROTAT:

Vx, Vy, Vz

x-,y- & z-coordinates of a point on the rotating axis

Nx, Ny, Nz

Unit vector of the rotating axis (for the 2D case, this is not used). The rotating frequency (Hz) is given by the load curve.

LS-DYNA R13

3-33 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_BOUNDARY_SOLID_WALL

Remarks:
1. In this solid-wall condition (SBC), the boundary movement can only be in the tangential direction of the wall and should not affect the fluid domain size and mesh during the calculation, otherwise an FSI or moving mesh solver should be used. Also, this moving SBC only affects viscous flows (no-slip BC).
2. If LCID = 0 and Vx = Vy = Vz = 0.0 (default), this will be a regular solid wall BC.
3. For rotating SBC, LCID > 0 must be used to define the rotating speed frequency (Hz). Also, in the 2D case, (Nx, Ny, Nz) does not need to be defined because it is not needed.

3-34 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE _CHEMISTRY_D3PLOT

*CESE

*CESE_CHEMISTRY_D3PLOT
Purpose: Cause mass fractions of the listed chemical species to be added to the CESE d3plot output. This is only used when chemistry is being solved with the CESE solver.

Card 1

Variable MODELID

Type

Default none

Species Cards. Include one card for each species to be included in the d3plot database. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 2

Variable

SPECIES

Type

VARIABLE MODELID SPECIES

DESCRIPTION
Identifier of a Chemkin-compatible chemistry model.
Name of a chemical species that is defined in the chemistry model identified by MODELID (see *CHEMISTRY_MODEL).

LS-DYNA R13

3-35 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_CONTROL_LIMITER

*CESE_CONTROL_LIMITER
Purpose: Sets some stability parameters used in the CESE scheme for this CESE compressible flow solver.

Card 1

Variable IDLMT ALFA BETA EPSR

Type

Default

0.0

Remarks

VARIABLE IDLMT
ALFA BETA EPSR

DESCRIPTION Set the stability limiter option (See CESE theory manual):
EQ.0: limiter format 1 (Re-weighting). EQ.1: limiter format 2 (Relaxing).
Re-weighting coefficient (See CESE theory manual) Numerical viscosity control coefficient (See CESE theory manual) Stability control coefficient (See CESE theory manual)

Remarks:
1. 0; larger values give more stability, but less accuracy. Usually = 2.0 or 4.0 will be enough for normal shock problems.
2. 0 1; larger values give more stability. For problems with shock waves, = 1.0 is recommended.
3. 0; larger values give more stability, but less accuracy.

3-36 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_CONTROL_MESH_MOV

*CESE

*CESE_CONTROL_MESH_MOV
Purpose: For moving mesh CESE, this keyword is used to choose the type of algorithm to be used for calculating mesh movement.

Card 1

Variable MMSH LIM_ITER RELTOL

Type

Default

100 1.0e-3

VARIABLE MMSH
LIM_ITER RELTOL .

DESCRIPTION
Mesh motion selector: EQ.1: mesh moves using an implicit ball-vertex spring method. EQ.9: the IDW scheme is used to move the mesh.
Maximum number of linear solver iterations for the ball-vertex linear system.
Relative tolerance to use as a stopping criterion for the iterative linear solver (conjugate gradient solver with diagonal scaling preconditioner).

LS-DYNA R13

3-37 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_CONTROL_SOLVER

*CESE_CONTROL_SOLVER Purpose: Set general purpose control variables for the CESE compressible flow solver.

Card 1

Variable ICESE IFLOW IGEOM IFRAME MIXID

IDC

ISNAN

Type

Default

none

none 0.25

Remarks

1, 2

VARIABLE ICESE
IFLOW IGEOM
IFRAME MIXID
3-38 (CESE)

DESCRIPTION
Sets the framework of the CESE solver. EQ.0: Fixed Eulerian EQ.100: Moving Mesh FSI EQ.200: Immersed boundary FSI
Sets the compressible flow types: EQ.0: Viscous flows (laminar) EQ.1: Invisid flows
Sets the geometric dimension: EQ.2: Two-dimensional (2D) problem EQ.3: Three- dimensional (3D) problem EQ.101: 2D axisymmetric
Choose the frame of reference: EQ.0: Usual non-moving reference frame (default). EQ.1000: Non-inertial rotating reference frame.
Chemistry model ID that defines the chemical species to include in the mixing model (see *CHEMISTRY_MODEL). The species information is given through the model’s card specifying the Chemkin-compatible input.
LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_CONTROL_SOLVER

*CESE

VARIABLE IDC
ISNAN

DESCRIPTION
Contact interaction detection coefficient (for FSI and conjugate heat transfer problems).
Flag to check for a NaN in the CESE solver solution arrays at the completion of each time step. This option can be useful for debugging purposes. There is a cost overhead when this option is active. EQ.0: No checking, EQ.1: Checking is active.

Remarks:
1. If the user wants to use the 2D (IGEOM = 2) or 2D axisymmetric (IGEOM = 101) solver, the mesh should only be distributed in the x-y plane with the boundary conditions given only at the – domain boundaries. Otherwise, a warning message will be given and the 3D solver will be triggered instead.
2. The 2D axisymmetric case will work only if the 2D mesh and corresponding boundary conditions are properly defined, with the and coordinates corresponding to the radial and axial directions respectively.
3. IDC is the same type of variable that is input on the ICFD_CONTROL_FSI card. For an explanation, see Remark 1 for the ICFD_CONTROL_FSI card.

LS-DYNA R13

3-39 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_CONTROL_TIMESTEP

*CESE_CONTROL_TIMESTEP Purpose: Sets the time-step control parameters for the CESE compressible flow solver.

Card 1

Variable IDDT

CFL DTINT

Type

Default

0.9

10-3

VARIABLE IDDT
CFL DTINT

DESCRIPTION
Sets the time step option: EQ.0: fixed time step size (DTINT, meaning the given initial time step size) NE.0: the time step size will be calculated based on the given CFL-number and the flow solution at the previous time step.
CFL number (CourantFriedrichsLewy condition) (0.0 < CFL 1.0)
Initial time step size

3-40 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_DATABASE_ELOUT

*CESE

*CESE_DATABASE_ELOUT
Purpose: This keyword enables the output of CESE data on elements. If more than one element set is defined, then several output files will be generated.

Output Options Card.

Card 1

Variable OUTLV DTOUT

Type

Default

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 2

Variable ELSID

Type

Default none

VARIABLE OUTLV
DTOUT ELSID

DESCRIPTION Determines if the output file should be dumped.
EQ.0: No output file is generated. EQ.1: The output file is generated.
Time interval to print the output. If DTOUT is equal to 0.0, then the CESE timestep will be used.
Solid Elements Set ID.

Remarks: 1. The file name for this database is cese_elout.dat.

LS-DYNA R13

3-41 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_CONTROL_TIMESTEP

*CESE_DATABASE_FLUXAVG
Purpose: This keyword enables the output of CESE data on segment sets. If more than one segment set is defined, then several output files will be generated.

Output Options Card.

Card 1

Variable OUTLV DTOUT

Type

Default

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 2

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

VARIABLE OUTLV
DTOUT SSID

DESCRIPTION Determines if the output file should be dumped.
EQ.0: No output file is generated. EQ.1: The output file giving the average fluxes is generated.
Time interval to print the output. If DTOUT is equal to 0.0, then the CESE timestep will be used.
Segment Set ID.

Remarks: 1. The file names for this database is cese_fluxavg.dat.

3-42 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_DATABASE_FSIDRAG

*CESE

*CESE_DATABASE_FSIDRAG
Purpose: This keyword enables the output of the total fluid pressure force applied on solid parts in FSI problems at every time step.

Output Options Card.

Card 1

Variable OUTLV

Type

Default

VARIABLE OUTLV

DESCRIPTION
Determines if the output file should be dumped. EQ.0: No output file is generated. EQ.1: The output file giving the pressure forces is generated.

Remarks:
1. The file names for this database are cese_dragsol.dat, cese_dragshell.dat, cese_dragsol2D.dat and cese_dragbeam.dat .depending on what kind of solid is used.

LS-DYNA R13

3-43 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_CONTROL_TIMESTEP

*CESE_DATABASE_POINTOUT Purpose: This keyword enables the output of CESE data on points.

Output Options Card.

Card 1

Variable PSID DTOUT PSTYPE VX

Type

Default

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 2

Variable PID

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE PSID
DTOUT PSTYPE
VX, VY, VZ PID
X, Y, Z
3-44 (CESE)

DESCRIPTION Point Set ID. Time interval to print the output. If DTOUT is equal to 0.0, then the CESE timestep will be used. Point Set type :
EQ.0: Fixed points. EQ.1: Tracer points using prescribed velocity. EQ.2: Tracer points using fluid velocity.
Constant velocities to be used when PSTYPE = 1 Point ID Point initial coordinates
LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_DATABASE_POINTOUT Remarks:
1. The file name for this database is cese_pointout.dat.

*CESE

LS-DYNA R13

3-45 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_DATABASE_SSETDRAG

*CESE_DATABASE_SSETDRAG
Purpose: This keyword enables the output of CESE drag forces on segment sets. If more than one segment set is defined, then several output files will be generated.

Output Options Card.

Card 1

Variable OUTLV DTOUT

Type

Default

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 2

Variable SSID

Type

Default none

VARIABLE OUTLV
DTOUT SSID

Remarks: 1. The file name for this database is cese_ssetdrag.dat.

3-46 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_DATABASE_SSETDRAG

*CESE

2. In order for the friction drag to give consistent results, special care must be given to the mesh close to the solid wall boundary (Good capturing of the boundary layer behavior). A very fine structured mesh is recommended.

LS-DYNA R13

3-47 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_DEFINE_NONINERTIAL

*CESE_DEFINE_NONINERTIAL
Purpose: Define the CESE problem domain as a non-inertial rotating frame that rotates at a constant rate. This is used in rotating problems such as spinning cylinders, wind turbines and turbo machinery.

Card 1

Variable FREQ LCID

PID

Type

Default none

none none none none

Card 2

Variable

RELV

Type

Default none none

VARIABLE FREQ LCID PID
Nx, Ny, Nz L R

DESCRIPTION Frequency of rotation. Load curve ID for scaling factor of FREQ. Starting point ID for the reference frame (See *CESE_DEFINE_POINT). Rotating axis direction. Length of rotating frame. Radius of rotating frame.

3-48 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_DEFINE_NONINERTIAL

*CESE

VARIABLE RELV

DESCRIPTION
Velocity display mode: EQ.0: Relative velocity, only the non-rotating components of the velocity are output. EQ.1: Absolute velocity is output.

LS-DYNA R13

3-49 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_POINT

*CESE_DEFINE_POINT Purpose: Define points to be used by the CESE solver.

Point Cards. Include one card for each point. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable NID

Type

Default none none none none

VARIABLE NID
X, Y, Z

DESCRIPTION Identifier for this point. Coordinates of the point.

3-50 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

CESE_DRAG CESE_DRAG Purpose: Provide the far-field (or free-stream) fluid pressure.

Card 1

Variable PRESS

Type

*CESE

VARIABLE PRESS

DESCRIPTION
Value of the free-stream fluid pressure (in units used by the current problem).

LS-DYNA R13

3-51 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_EOS_CAV_HOMOG_EQUILIB

*CESE_EOS_CAV_HOMOG_EQUILIB
Purpose: Define the coefficients in the equation of state (EOS) for the homogeneous equilibrium cavitation model.

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable EOSID

vap

liq

vap

liq

vap

liq

SatVap

Type

Default none

0.8

880.0

334.0

1386.0

1.435e- 1.586e-

1.2e+4

VARIABLE EOSID
vap liq vap liq vap liq SatVap

DESCRIPTION Equation of state identifier density of the saturated vapor density of the saturated liquid sound speed of the saturated vapor sound speed of the saturated liquid dynamic viscosity of the vapor dynamic viscosity of the liquid pressure of the saturated vapor

Remarks:
1. Once a cavitation EOS is used, the cavitation flow solver will be triggered.
2. In this homogeneous equilibrium cavitation model, a barotropic equation of state is used. This model can be used in small scale & high speed cavitation flows, and it is not good for large-scale, low-speed cavitation calculations.

3-52 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_EOS_IDEAL_GAS

*CESE

*CESE_EOS_IDEAL_GAS
Purpose: Define the coefficients Cv and Cp in the equation of state for an ideal gas in the CESE fluid solver.

Card 1

Variable EOSID

Type

Default none 717.5 1004.5

VARIABLE EOSID Cv Cp

DESCRIPTION Equation of state identifier Specific heat at constant volume Specific heat at constant pressure

Remarks:
1. Units. As with other solvers in LS-DYNA, the user is responsible for unit consistency. For example, if a user wants to use dimensionless variables, Cv and Cp should also be replaced by the corresponding dimensionless ones.

LS-DYNA R13

3-53 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_EOS_INFLATOR1

*CESE_EOS_INFLATOR1
Purpose: To define an EOS using Cp and Cv thermodynamic expansions for an inflator gas mixture with a single temperature range.

Card 1

Variable EOSID

Type

Default none

Card 2

Variable Cp0

Cp1

Cp2

Cp3

Cp4

Type

Default 0.

Card 3

Variable Cv0

Cv1

Cv2

Cv3

Cv4

Type

Default 0.

VARIABLE EOSID
Cp0, …, Cp4
3-54 (CESE)

DESCRIPTION Equation of state identifier for the CESE solver. Coefficients of temperature-dependent specific heat at constant pressure Cp(T) = Cp0 + Cp1 T + Cp2 T2 + Cp3 T3 + Cp4 T4
LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_EOS_INFLATOR1

*CESE

VARIABLE Cv0, …, Cv4

DESCRIPTION
Coefficients of temperature-dependent specific heat at constant volume Cv(T) = Cv0 + Cv1 T + Cv2 T2 + Cv3 T3 + Cv4 T4

Remark:
1.These coefficient expansions for the specific heats over the entire temperature range are generated by the 0-D inflator model solver. See CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_INFLATOR and CHEMISTRY_INFLATOR_PROPERTIES for details related to running that solver.

LS-DYNA R13

3-55 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_EOS_INFLATOR2

*CESE_EOS_INFLATOR2
Purpose: To define an EOS using Cp and Cv thermodynamic expansions for an inflator gas mixture with two temperature ranges, one below 1000 degrees Kelvin, and the other above 1000 degrees Kelvin.

Card 1

Variable EOSID

Type

Default none

Card for the expansion of Specific Heat at Constant Pressure. Valid for T < 1000 0 K

Card 2

Variable Cp1_0 Cp1_1 Cp1_2 Cp1_3 Cp1_4

Type

Default 0.

Card for the expansion of Specific Heat at Constant Pressure. Valid for T > 1000 0 K.

Card 3

Variable Cp2_0 Cp2_1 Cp2_2 Cp2_3 Cp2_4

Type

Default 0.

3-56 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_EOS_INFLATOR2

*CESE

Card for the expansion of Specific Heat at Constant Volume. Valid for T < 1000 0 K

Card 4

Variable Cv1_0 Cv1_1 Cv1_2 Cv1_3 Cv1_4

Type

Default 0.

Card for the expansion of Specific Heat at Constant Volume. Valid for T > 1000 0 K.

Card 5

Variable Cv2_0 Cv2_1 Cv2_2 Cv2_3 Cv2_4

Type

Default 0.

VARIABLE EOSID
Cp1_0, …, Cp1_4
Cp2_0, …, Cp2_4
Cv1_0, …, Cv1_4
Cv2_0, …, Cv2_4
LS-DYNA R13

DESCRIPTION
Equation of state identifier for the CESE solver.
Coefficients of temperature-dependent specific heat at constant pressure valid for T < 1000 0 K. Cp1(T) = Cp1_0 + Cp1_1 T + Cp1_2 T2 + Cp1_3 T3 + Cp1_4 T4
Coefficients of temperature-dependent specific heat at constant pressure valid for T > 1000 0 K. Cp2(T) = Cp2_0 + Cp2_1 T + Cp2_2 T2 + Cp2_3 T3 + Cp2_4 T4
Coefficients of temperature-dependent specific heat at constant volume valid for T < 1000 0 K. Cv1(T) = Cv1_0 + Cv1_1 T + Cv1_2 T2 + Cv1_3 T3 + Cv1_4 T4
Coefficients of temperature-dependent specific heat at constant volume valid for T > 1000 0 K. Cv2(T) = Cv2_0 + Cv2_1 T + Cv2_2 T2 + Cv2_3 T3 + Cv2_4 T4
3-57 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_EOS_INFLATOR2

Remark:
2.These coefficient expansions for the specific heats over two temperature ranges are generated by the 0-D inflator model solver. See CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_INFLATOR and CHEMISTRY_INFLATOR_PROPERTIES for details related to running that solver.

3-58 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_FSI_EXCLUDE

*CESE

*CESE_FSI_EXCLUDE
Purpose: Provide a list of mechanics solver parts that are not involve in the CESE FSI calculation. This is intended to be used as an efficiency measure for parts that will not involve significant FSI interactions with the CESE compressible fluid solver..

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable PID1

PID2

PID3

PID4

PID5

PID6

PID7

PID8

Type

Default none none none none none none none none

VARIABLE PIDn

DESCRIPTION
IDs of mechanics parts that will be excluded from the FSI interaction calculation with the CESE solver.

LS-DYNA R13

3-59 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_INITIAL

*CESE_INITIAL
Purpose: Specify constant initial conditions (ICs) for flow variables at the centroid of each fluid element.

Card 1

Variable

Type

Default

0.0

0.0 1.225 0.0

0.0

VARIABLE U, V, W RHO P T

DESCRIPTION -, -, -velocity components, respectively Density, Pressure, Temperature,

Remarks:
1. Required Input. Usually, only two of , , and need to be specified (besides the velocity). If all three are given, only and will be used.
2. Applicable Elements. These initial conditions will be applied only in those elements that have not been assigned a value by *CESE_INITIAL_OPTION cards for individual elements or sets of elements.

3-60 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_INITIAL

*CESE

*CESE_INITIAL_OPTION Available options include:
SET ELEMENT Purpose: Specify initial conditions for the flow variables at the centroid of each element in a set of elements or at the centroid of a single element.

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable EID/ESID U

RHO

Type

Default none 0.0

0.0

0.0 1.225 0.0

0.0

Remarks

VARIABLE EID/ESID
U, V, W RHO P T

DESCRIPTION Solid element ID (EID) or solid element set ID (ESID)
-, -, -velocity components, respectively Density, Pressure, Temperature,

Remarks:
1. Required Input. Usually, only two of , , and need to be specified (along with the velocity). If all three are given, only and will be used.
2. Initial Condition Specification Priority. The priority of this card is higher than CESE_INITIAL, meaning that if an element is assigned an initial value by this card, CESE_INITIAL will no longer apply to that element.

LS-DYNA R13

3-61 (CESE)

*CHEMISTRY

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY

CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY
Purpose: Initializes the chemistry and fluid state in every element of the CESE mesh that has not already been initialized by one of the other CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY cards. This is only used when chemistry is being solved with the CESE solver.

Card 1

Variable CHEMID COMPID

Type

Default none none

Card 2

Variable UIC

VIC

WIC RHOIC PIC

TIC

HIC

Type

Default none none none none none none none

VARIABLE CHEMID COMPID
UIC VIC WIC RHOIC PIC TIC

DESCRIPTION Identifier of chemistry control card to use Identifier of chemical composition to use
-component of the fluid velocity -component of the fluid velocity -component of the fluid velocity Initial fluid density Initial fluid pressure Initial fluid temperature

3-62 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY

*CHEMISTRY

VARIABLE HIC

DESCRIPTION
Initial fluid enthalpy. However, when CHEMID refers to a ZND 1-step reaction card, this is the progressive variable (degree of combustion).

LS-DYNA R13

3-63 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_ELEMENT

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_ELEMENT
Purpose: Initializes the chemistry and fluid state in every element of the list of CESE elements. This is only used when chemistry is being solved with the CESE solver.

Card 1

Variable CHEMID COMPID

Type

Default none none

Card 2

Variable UIC

VIC

WIC RHOIC PIC

TIC

HIC

Type

Default none none none none none none none

Element List Card. Include as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 3

Variable ELE1 ELE2 ELE3 ELE4 ELE5 ELE6 ELE7 ELE8

Type

VARIABLE CHEMID COMPID
UIC VIC
3-64 (CESE)

DESCRIPTION Identifier of chemistry control card to use Identifier of chemical composition to use
-component of the fluid velocity -component of the fluid velocity

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_ELEMENT

*CESE

VARIABLE WIC
RHOIC PIC TIC HIC
ELEi

DESCRIPTION -component of the fluid velocity
Initial fluid density
Initial fluid pressure
Initial fluid temperature
Initial fluid enthalpy. However, when CHEMID refers to a ZND 1-step reaction card, this is the progressive variable (degree of combustion).
User element numbers to initialize

LS-DYNA R13

3-65 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_PART

CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_PART
Purpose: Initializes the chemistry and fluid state in every element of the specified CESE part that has not already been initialized by CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_ELEMENT or *CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_SET cards. This is only used when chemistry is being solved with the CESE solver.

Card 1

Variable PARTID CHEMID COMPID

Type

Default none none none

Card 2

Variable UIC

VIC

WIC RHOIC PIC

TIC

HIC

Type

Default none none none none none none none

VARIABLE PARTID CHEMID COMPID UIC VIC WIC RHOIC PIC TIC
3-66 (CESE)

DESCRIPTION Identifier of the CESE part on which to initialize. Identifier of chemistry control card to use. Identifier of chemical composition to use. X-component of the fluid velocity. Y-component of the fluid velocity. Z-component of the fluid velocity. Initial fluid density. Initial fluid pressure. Initial fluid temperature.

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_PART

*CESE

VARIABLE HIC

DESCRIPTION
Initial fluid enthalpy. However, when CHEMID refers to a ZND 1-step reaction card, this is the progressive variable (degree of combustion).

LS-DYNA R13

3-67 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_SET

CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_SET
Purpose: Initializes the chemistry and fluid state in every element of the specified element set in the CESE mesh that has not already been initialized by CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_ELEMENT cards. This is only used when chemistry is being solved with the CESE solver.

Card 1

Variable SETID CHEMID COMPID

Type

Default none none none

Card 2

Variable UIC

VIC

WIC RHOIC PIC

TIC

HIC

Type

Default none none none none none none none

VARIABLE SETID
CHEMID COMPID
UIC VIC WIC RHOIC PIC TIC
3-68 (CESE)

DESCRIPTION Identifier of the CESE element set to initialize. Identifier of chemistry control card to use. Identifier of chemical composition to use. X-component of the fluid velocity. Y-component of the fluid velocity. Z-component of the fluid velocity. Initial fluid density. Initial fluid pressure. Initial fluid temperature.

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_SET

*CESE

VARIABLE HIC

DESCRIPTION
Initial fluid enthalpy. However, when CHEMID refers to a ZND 1-step reaction card, this is the progressive variable (degree of combustion).

LS-DYNA R13

3-69 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_INITIAL_CHEMISTRY_SET

*CESE_MAT_000 Purpose: Define the fluid (gas) properties in a viscous flow for the CESE solver.

Material Definition Cards. Include one card for each instance of this material type. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable MID

Type

Default none none none

VARIABLE MID MU
K

DESCRIPTION

Material identifier

Fluid dynamic viscosity.

10-

kg ms

For Air at 15 °C, MU = 1.81 ×

Thermal conductivity of the fluid

Remarks:
1. The viscosity is only used viscous flows, so for inviscid flows, it is not necessary to define it. The thermal conductivity is only used to calculate the heat transfer between the structure and the thermal solver when coupling is activated.
2. As with other solvers in LS-DYNA, the user is responsible for unit consistency. For example, if dimensionless variables are used, MU should be replaced by the corresponding dimensionless one.

3-70 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_MAT_001

*CESE

*CESE_MAT_001( _GAS) Purpose: Define the fluid (gas) properties in a viscous flow for the CESE solver.

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable MID

PRND

Type

Default

none

1.458E6

110.4

0.72

VARIABLE MID C1, C2
PRND

DESCRIPTION Material identifier Two coefficients in the Sutherland’s formula for viscosity, i.e.,

=+
where C1 and C2 are constants for a given gas. For example, for air at moderate temperatures,

= 1.458 × 10- kg/msK ,

= 110.4 K

The Prandtl Number (used to determine the coefficient of thermal conductivity). It is approximately constant for most gases. For air at standard conditions PRND = 0.72.

Remarks:
1. C1 and C2 are only used to calculate the viscosity in viscous flows, so for inviscid flows, this material card is not needed. The Prandtl number is used to extract the thermal conductivity, which is used when thermal coupling with the structure is activated.
2. As with other solvers in LS-DYNA, the user is responsible for unit consistency. For example, if dimensionless variables are used, C1 and C2 should be replaced by the corresponding dimensionless ones.

LS-DYNA R13

3-71 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_MAT_002

*CESE_MAT_002 Purpose: Define the fluid (gas) properties in a viscous flow for the CESE solver.

Material Definition Cards. Include one card for each instance of this material type. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable MID

MU0

SMU

Type

Default none 1.716E-5 111. 0.0241 194.0 273.0

VARIABLE MID
MU0 / SMU
K0/SK
T0

DESCRIPTION

Material identifier

Two coefficients appearing in the equation derived by combining Sutherland’s formula with the power law for dilute gases:

+ .

is a reference value, and is an effective temperature called the Sutherland constant, which is characteristic of the gas. For air at moderate temperatures,

= 1.716 × 10- Ns/m ,

= 111 K

Two coefficients appearing in the equation derived by combining Sutherland’s formula with the power law for dilute gases:

+ .

Here is the thermal conductivity, is a reference value, and is the Sutherland constant, which is characteristic of the gas. For air at moderate temperatures,

= 0.0241 W/m ,

= 194 K

Reference temperature, . The default value (273.0) is for air, in degrees K.

3-72 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE_MAT_002

*CESE

Remarks:
1. Fields that Depend on Problem Physics. The viscosity is only used for viscous flow. Therefore, for inviscid flows, it is not necessary to define it. The thermal conductivity is only used to calculate the heat transfer between the structure and the thermal solver when coupling is activated.
2. Unit Consistency. As with other solvers in LS-DYNA, the user is responsible for unit consistency. For example, if dimensionless variables are used, MU should be replaced by the corresponding dimensionless one.

LS-DYNA R13

3-73 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE_PART

*CESE_PART Purpose: Define CESE solver parts, i.e., connect CESE material and EOS information.

Part Cards. Include one card for each CESE part. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable PID

MID EOSID

Type

Default none none none

VARIABLE PID MID
EOSID

DESCRIPTION Part identifier (must be different from any PID on a PART card) Material identifier defined by a CESEMAT… card Equation of state identifier defined by a *CESEEOS… card

Remarks:
1. Since material coefficients are only used in viscous flows, the MID can be left blank for inviscid flows.

3-74 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE _SURFACE_MECHSSID_D3PLOT

*CESE

*CESE_SURFACE_MECHSSID_D3PLOT
Purpose: Identify the surfaces to be used in generating surface D3PLOT output for the CESE solver. These surfaces must be on the outside of volume element parts that are in contact with the CESE fluid mesh. The variables in question are part of the CESE FSI solution process or of the CESE conjugate heat transfer solver.

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable SSID

SurfaceLabel

Type

Default none

none

VARIABLE SSID
SurfaceLabel

DESCRIPTION
Mechanics solver segment set ID that is in contact with the fluid CESE mesh.
Name to use in d3plot output to identify the SSID for the LSPP user.

LS-DYNA R13

3-75 (CESE)

*CESE

*CESE _SURFACE_MECHSSID_D3PLOT

CESE_SURFACE_MECHVARS_D3PLOT
Purpose: List of variables to output on the surfaces designated by the segment set IDs given in the CESE_SURFACE_MECHSSID_D3PLOT cards. Most of the allowed variables are defined only on the fluid-structure interface, and so the segment set IDs defining a portion of the fluid-structure interface must involve only segments (element faces) that are on the outside of volume element parts that are in contact with the CESE fluid mesh.

Include as many cards as needed. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 1

Variable

Output Quantity

Type

Default

none

VARIABLE

DESCRIPTION

3-76 (CESE)

LS-DYNA R13

*CESE _SURFACE_MECHVARS_D3PLOT

*CESE

VARIABLE
Output Quantity

DESCRIPTION
Descriptive phrase for the mechanics surface variable to output for the LSPP user. Output will be done on all SSIDs selected by the *CESE_SURFACE_MECHSSID_D3PLOT cards in the problem. Supported variables include:

FLUID FSI FORCE FLUID FSI PRESSURE INTERFACE TEMPERATURE SOLID INTERFACE HEAT FLUX FLUID INTERFACE HEAT FLUX INTERFACE HEAT FLUX RATE SOLID INTERFACE DISPLACEMENT SOLID INTERFACE VELOCITY SOLID INTERFACE ACCELERATION

Force, displacement, velocity, and acceleration are output as vector quantities. The rest of the variables are scalar quantities. The fluxes are in the normal direction to the fluid/structure interface, with the heat fluxes relative to the normal pointing into the structure.

LS-DYNA R13

3-77 (CESE)

CHEMISTRY
CHEMISTRY

The keyword CHEMISTRY is used to access chemistry databases that include Chemkin-based descriptions of a chemical model, as well as to select a method of solving the model. The keyword cards in this section are defined in alphabetical order:
CHEMISTRY_COMPOSITION
CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_0D
CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_1D
CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_CSP
CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_FULL
CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_INFLATOR
CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_TBX
CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_ZND
CHEMISTRY_DET_INITIATION
CHEMISTRY_INFLATOR_PROPERTIES
CHEMISTRY_MODEL
CHEMISTRY_PATH
: Card may be used only once in a given model
An additional option “_TITLE” may be appended to all CHEMISTRY keywords. If this option is used, then an 80 character string is read as a title from the first card of that keyword’s input. At present, LS-DYNA does not make use of the title. Inclusion of titles gives greater clarity to input decks.
In order to use one of the chemistry solvers, the input must include at least one CHEMISTRY_MODEL card. For each spatial region containing a different chemical composition, at least one CHEMISTRY_COMPOSITION card is required.
The *CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_0D card is intended to be used in a standalone fashion to verify the validity of a given chemistry model. This model includes the total number

LS-DYNA R13

4-1 (CHEMISTRY)

CHEMISTRY
of species and all elementary reactions with their Arrhenius rate parameters. For instance, this solver could be used to check the induction time of the model.
The CHEMISTRY_BLAST_INITIATION, CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_1D, CHEMISTRY_DET_INITIATION, and CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_ZND cards are intended to provide a one-dimensional initialization to a 2D or 3D chemically-reacting flow.
In order to perform a full, general purpose chemistry calculation in 2D or 3D, the CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_FULL card should be used.
The CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_CSP card is an option for reducing the number of species and reactions that are used in a general purpose chemistry calculation. Other reduction mechanisms are planned for the future.
An airbag inflator model is available with CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_INFLATOR along with CHEMISTRY_INFLATOR_PROPERTIES and a chemistry model that is referenced via three chemical compositions. This involves zero-dimensional modeling, with pyrotechnic inflator, and cold and hot flow hybrid inflator options.
The CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_TBX card is intended for use only in a stochastic particle model, where the *STOCHASTIC_TBX_PARTICLES card is used.

4-2 (CHEMISTRY)

LS-DYNA R13

*CHEMISTRY_COMPOSITION

*CHEMISTRY

*CHEMISTRY_COMPOSITION
Purpose: Provides a general way to specify a chemical composition via a list of species mole numbers in the context of a Chemkin database model.

Card 1

Variable

ID MODELID

Type

Default none none

Species List Card. Provide as many cards as necessary. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 2

Variable MOLFR

SPECIES

Type

Default none

none

VARIABLE ID
MODELID MOLFR
SPECIES

DESCRIPTION
A unique identifier among all chemistry compositions.
Identifier of a Chemkin-compatible chemistry model.
The number of moles corresponding to the species named in the SPECIES field. But if used with a STOCHASTIC_TBX_PARTICLES card, it is the molar concentration of the species (in units of moles/[length] , where ” length ” is the user’s length unit).
The Chemkin-compatible name of a chemical species that is defined in the chemistry model identified by MODELID (see CHEMISTRY_MODEL).

LS-DYNA R13

4-3 (CHEMISTRY)

*CHEMISTRY

*CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_0D

*CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_0D
Purpose: Performs a zero-dimensional isotropic chemistry calculation that operates standalone (does not call the CESE solver). This is for ISOBARIC or ISOCHORIC cases.

Card 1

Variable

ID COMPID SOLTYP PLOTDT CSP_SEL

Type

Default none none none 1.0e-6

Remarks

Card 2

Variable DT TLIMIT TIC

PIC

RIC

EIC

Type

Default none none none none none none

CSP Parameters Card. Include cards for each chemical species in the following format when CSP_SEL.GT.0. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 3

Variable AMPL YCUT

Type

Default none none

VARIABLE ID

DESCRIPTION Identifier for this 0D computation.

4-4 (CHEMISTRY)

LS-DYNA R13

*CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_0D

*CHEMISTRY

VARIABLE COMPID SOLTYP

DESCRIPTION Chemical composition identifier of composition to use.
Type of 0D calculation: EQ.1: Isochoric EQ.2: Isobaric

PLOTDT CSP_SEL

Simulation time interval for output both to the screen and to the isocom.csv file. This file can be loaded into LS-PREPOST for curve plotting using the x-y plot facility.
CSP solver option:
EQ.0: Do not use the CSP solver, and ignore the AMPL and YCUT parameters (default).
GT.0: Use the CSP solver, with the AMPL and YCUT parameters.

DT TLIMIT
TIC PIC RIC EIC AMPL
YCUT

Initial time step Time limit for the simulation Initial temperature Initial pressure Initial density Initial internal energy Relative accuracy for the mass fraction of a chemical species in the Chemkin input file. Absolute accuracy for the mass fraction of a chemical species in the Chemkin input file.

Remarks:
1. If CSP_SEL.GT.0, then instead of using the full chemistry solver, the computational singular perturbation (CSP) method solver is used.

LS-DYNA R13

4-5 (CHEMISTRY)

*CHEMISTRY

*CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_1D

CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_1D
Purpose: Loads a previously-computed one-dimensional detonation. It is then available for use in the CESE solver for initializing a computation. In the product regions, this card overrides the initialization of the CESE_INITIALCHEMISTRY… cards.

Card 1

Variable

XYZD DETDIR CSP_SEL

Type

Default none none none

Remarks

One-Dimensional Solution LSDA Input File Card.

Card 2

Variable

FILE

Type

CSP Parameters Card Include cards for each chemical species in the following format when CSP_SEL > 0. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 3

Variable AMPL YCUT

Type

Default none none

VARIABLE ID

DESCRIPTION Identifier for this one-dimensional detonation solution.

4-6 (CHEMISTRY)

LS-DYNA R13

*CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_1D

*CHEMISTRY

VARIABLE XYZD DETDIR

DESCRIPTION Position of the detonation front in the DETDIR direction.
Detonation propagation direction EQ.1: EQ.2: EQ.3:

CSP_SEL

CSP solver option:
EQ.0: Do not use the CSP solver, and ignore the AMPL and YCUT parameters (default).
GT.0: Use the CSP solver, with the AMPL and YCUT parameters.

FILE AMPL
YCUT

Name of the LSDA file containing the one-dimensional solution.
Relative accuracy for the mass fraction of a chemical species in the chemkin input file.
Absolute accuracy for the mass fraction of a chemical species in the chemkin input file.

Remarks:
1. If CSP_SEL > 0, then instead of using the full chemistry solver, the computational singular perturbation (CSP) method solver is used.

LS-DYNA R13

4-7 (CHEMISTRY)

*CHEMISTRY

*CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_CSP

*CHEMISTRY_CONTROL_CSP
Purpose: Computes reduced chemistry for a specified Chemkin chemistry model using the Computational Singular Perturbation (CSP) method. This card can be used for general-purpose chemical reaction calculations.

Card 1

Variable

ID IERROPT

Type

Default none none

CSP Parameters Card. Include cards for each chemical species in the following format as indicated by the value of IERROPT. This input ends at the next keyword (“*”) card.

Card 2

Variable AMPL YCUT

Type

Default none none

References

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R13 Multi-Physics Solvers

References

Read User Manual Online (PDF format)

Download This Manual (PDF format)

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