NEWmax SG1000H Accumulator Battery User Manual

SG1000H Accumulator Battery
User Manual

INSTALLATION, OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

For Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries used in Stationary and Solar Applications
Commissioning by : ………… Date :………….
Number of cells / blocks :………………… Model # :………………..
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS & WARNINGS

****| Familiarize personnel with battery installation, charging and maintenance procedures. Display operating instructions visibly near the battery system. Restrict access to battery area, permitting trained personnel only, to reduce the possibility of injury.
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| Wear rubber apron, gloves and safety goggles (or face shield) when handling, installing, or working on batteries. This will help prevent injury due to splashing or spillage of sulfuric acid. Observe all accident prevention rules.
| Prohibit smoking. Keep flames and sparks of all kinds away from the vicinity of storage batteries as liberated or entrapped hydrogen gas in the cells may be exploded, causing injury to personnel and/or damage to cells.
| Wash all acid splashes in eyes or on skin with plenty of clean water and seek immediate medical assistance. Acid splashes on clothing should be washed out with water. Acid on skin or clothing should also be immediately neutralized with a solution of baking soda and water.
| Explosion and fire risk. Avoid short circuits. Never place metal tools on top of cells, since sparks due to shorting across cell terminals may result in an explosion of hydrogen gas in or near the cells. Insulate tool handles to protect against shorting. Prior to making contact with the cell, discharge static electricity by touching a grounded surface.
| Electrolyte is highly corrosive. Promptly neutralize and remove any electrolyte spilled when handling or installing cells. Use a baking soda/water solution (1 lb. per gallon of water) to prevent possible injury to personnel.
| Batteries are extremely heavy. Exercise care when handling batteries. When lifting use appropriate mechanical equipment to safely handle batteries and avoid injury to personnel.
| Dangerous voltage. Whenever possible, when making repairs to charging equipment and/or batteries, interrupt AC & DC circuits to reduce the possibility of injury to personnel and damage to system equipment. This is particularly import with high voltage systems (110 volts and above).
| Recycle and Dispose of Used Batteries
Used batteries contain valuable recyclable materials. They must NOT be disposed of with domestic waste. Modes of return and recycling shall conform to the prevailing regulations in operation at the site where the battery system is located. Call Korea battery Co.,Ltd or Agent for recycling options.

Warranty Note
Any of the following actions will invalidate the warranty ;

• Non-adherence to the installation, operating and maintenance instructions
• Repairs carried out with non-approved spare parts or by non-approved personnel
• Unauthorized interference with the battery
• Mixing different types and/or ages of batteries without obtaining Korea battery Co.,Ltd approval
• Operating the batteries above 30℃ without temperature compensation

Any and all problems or abnormalities must be reported to Korea battery Co.,Ltd. within 30 days of detection. This includes voltage and/or internal resistance reading that are outside the limits in this manual and are not improving when corrective action is applied. Failure to report ANY problem in a timely manner often leads to permanent damage to the battery and the warranty will be void.

DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Delivery
Unpack the shipment as soon as it is delivered.
Verify that all of the equipment has been delivered and in good condition. Check quantities against packing slip and accessories list. If there is any damaged or missing product, immediately notify the trucking company as well as Korea battery Co.,Ltd.
If necessary, clean all parts before assembling.
Storage
Fully charged 2V cells have an open circuit voltage of 2.14V +/-.03V; 6V blocks average 6.42V +/- .06V; 12V blocks average 12.84V +/.12V at 20℃. Store the batteries in a dry, clean and preferably cool and frost-free location. Do not expose the cells to direct sunlight as damage to the container and cover may occur.
VRLA batteries are supplied fully charged, storage time is limited to a maximum of 6 months without recharge. The self discharge of a fully charged VRLA battery is around 2~3% per month at 25℃ . In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged storage, it is advised not to store batteries for more than:

• 6~9 months at 10℃
• 3~6 months at 20℃
• 2~3 months at 30℃

An equalizing (refreshing) charge shall be carried out according to charging section 3.0 after this time or if the average open cell voltage drops below 2.10 volts per cell. Alternatively cells can be float charged during storage.
▶Note: Failure to observe these conditions may result in reduced capacity and service life as well as voiding the battery warranty.
Storage of a Battery After Use
Never store a discharged battery. Ensure it is completely charged before storage. Storage times shown above (before use) also apply after use.

INSTALLATION

The electrical protective measures, accommodation and ventilation of the battery installation must be in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations. This includes layout, safety equipment and warning signs required.
Ventilation
Valve Regulated Lead-acid batteries do produce hydrogen and oxygen during operation. This is especially true during charging and discharging. These gases result from electrolysis of the water portion of the electrolyte by the charging current. Natural or artificial ventilation is recommended in the battery room, or area, to prevent build-up. Concentrations above 4% can result in an explosive mixture, which could be ignited by sparks from adjacent electrical equipment as well as sparks or open flame introduced by personnel. All air moved by ventilation should be exhausted into the outside atmosphere and should not be allowed to re-circulate into other confined areas. Ventilation requirements vary. Contact your local authority for requirements.
Q (required ventilation) = 5.5/1000 Ⅹ C (Nominal capacity) Ⅹ N (cell q’ ty) {m3/hr)
Location
A battery system should be installed in a clean, cool and dry location. Avoid placing the battery in a warm area or in direct sunlight. Heaters, radiators and steam pipes can cause serious electrolyte temperature variation among cells within a battery system. The layout and contents of a battery room must comply with all local standards and allow easy access to the batteries.
Handling
Valve regulated lead-acid batteries are supplied in a fully charged state and must be unpacked carefully to avoid short circuit between terminals of opposite polarity. The cells are heavy and must be lifted with appropriate equipment. Avoid lifting batteries by the terminal posts. Batteries should be lifted from bottom of jars or with available lifting straps. At all times exercise caution when handling batteries to prevent damage of the plastic containers and covers. Contact Korea battery Co.,Ltd if you are interested in purchasing lifting straps or handling equipment.
Tools
Use tools with insulated handles. Do not place or drop metal objects onto the battery. Remove rings, wristwatch, and metal articles of clothing which may come into contact with the battery terminals.
Removal
Before removing old batteries, ensure that all electric loads are switched off (breakers, fuses, and switches). This must be carried out by a qualified professional. Batteries must be packaged, shipped and recycled per regulations.
Rack Installation
Choose location to install rack and ensure that the area is clean and level.
Assemble rack according to instructions supplied. If instructions are missing, contact rack supplier.
Set rack in final resting place. If mounting to the floor, mark and then drill anchor holes. If need, install contractor-supplied anchor bolts and tighten.
Installation of Cells/Batteries
Begin installing the batteries on the lower step or tier for stability and safety reasons. Recommended spacing between the cells is 5 to 10mm. Lubricant oil may be used on the platform surface or rails to ease movement.
Make sure to arrange batteries and level with the correct polarity – see series vs. parallel connection for explanation. Carefully follow the polarity sequence to avoid short circuiting cell groups.
Series Connection – batteries are usually installed in series.
Place the batteries on the rack making sure that the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of the next battery and continue in the same fashion. Make sure batteries are aligned properly. Figure 1 : These are two 12V batteries in series to produce 24V. You can add more batteries for a higher voltage, i.e. 48V, 72Vdc.
Parallel Connection – Batteries may be connected in parallel to give higher current capability. In the case of parallel connected strings, use only batteries of the same capacity, design, and age, with a maximum of four parallel strings. The resistance of the cables in each string must be the same, e.g. same cross section, same length. Figure 2 : These are four 12V200Ah batteries in parallel. They produce 24V with 2X the capacity (400Ah) of a mixed battery.
2V cells should be aligned per the following arrangements or as inter-cell connectors dictate. Check that all contact surfaces are clean and corrosion free. If required, clean with brass wire brush.
Apply a thin coat (use sparingly) of No-Ox grease to terminals, on bolt threads, and other exposed metal surfaces. Be careful to avoid contact with the cover and container.
Tighten the terminal screws with an insulated torque wrench in accordance with Table 1 below. Fit inter-step, row, or tier connector (jumper) cables – observe the same torque values noted in Table 1. A loose connection can make adjusting the charger difficult, create erratic performance, and lead to possible damage to the battery and/or even personal injury
After all bolts are properly torqued, fit any insulating covers/boots supplied for protection against inadvertent contact. Number the cells for maintenance purposes, starting from the positive end terminal to the negative end terminal.
Table 1 – Torque loadings for terminal screws

PNB(C) 12800~122000
SG 800H ~ 2000H
PNGB 21000~220000
UPN 150 ~2000
(Optional terminal)| M8| 240~260| 23.5~25.5| Threaded nut, copper alloy
terminal type

PNB(C) 12800~122000
SG 800H ~ 2000H
PNGB 21000~220000
UPN 150 ~2000
(Standard terminal)| M10| 150~200| 14.7~19.6| Lead alloy terminal type

• Contact Korea battery Co.,Ltd. If you have terminal bolt discrepancies or if your batteries are not listed above.
  Charger Connection
  Before charger is connected, make sure the cells are clean and double check all connections for correct torque (Table 1) and polarity.
  Measure the total voltage of the battery string at the end battery terminals. The voltage should be equal to the number of cells (batteries) times the voltage of one of the cells (batteries).
  Example: 60 cells times a standard open circuit voltage of 2.15Vpc = 129Vdc.
  Finally, with the charger switched off, the battery fuse removed, and the load disconnected, connect the battery to the DC power supply. Ensure that the polarity is correct – positive terminal of the battery to the positive terminal of the charger. Switch on the charger (per charger instructions) and adjust the float and equalize voltages as needed. Charge according to charging instructions 3.0.
  ▶ Note : After the Initial Charge, record all of the data specified under the Required Periodic Inspection and Maintenance Activities Annual Battery System Checks (including monthly and quarterly data), and save the data.
  Documentation of maintenance activities will be required in case of warranty claim or problems with the battery system.

CHARGING

Charging Current
Limitation of the charging current is not required under floating condition. During the initial or an equalizing charge, the current should be limited to 40% of the Ah rating of the battery.
Example: PNB 121000 = 100Ah, maximum charge current should be 0.40(40%) x 100 = 40Amps.
Ripple Current
In the standby operation mode, the effective value of the AC ripple current must not exceed 5A per 100Ah @ 10Hr. Otherwise, reduced operational life as well as increased maintenance should be expected. Charging current must be filtered so that the battery system will have maximum life and minimum maintenance during its life. You should
never operate an unfiltered charger with VRLA batteries. Doing so will shorten the life of the batteries and void the warranty.
Initial Charge (Commissioning Charge)
Before initial charge, all batteries must be inspected for physical/mechanical damage. Charge at a voltage of 2.35Vpc for no more than 24 hours. The fully charged condition has been achieved when, for a period of two hours, the cell voltages do not continue to increase and the charging current does not continue to decrease.
Upon completion of the initial charge place the batteries on float charge.
Batteries are shipped from Korea battery Co.,Ltd at approximately 90-100% capacity and will attain 100% capacity after 1-6 months on float charge.
Record Initial Reference Values
After the initial charging of the battery, measure all of the cell internal resistance values and voltages using a battery internal resistance tester. Ensure all battery to battery, battery to terminal connections, as well as inter-tier and load connections have appropriate resistances. Record all of these initial values for comparison over the life of the battery system. In addition, the following data should be documented for Initial charging records:
▹Date and time of the completion of the Initial Charge on the battery system
▹Float Voltage of the DC output of the charger as measured on the main (+) and (-) terminals of the battery.
▹Float Current of the DC output of the charger measured on the cable(s) to the positive post of the battery.
▹Float AC ripple voltage and current as measured on the main (+) and (-) terminals of the battery.
▹Battery temperature (at negative post) and ambient temperature.
Solar systems charge
Batteries must be maintained on float and cycle charge and should be fully recharged within 24 hours of any discharge.
Normally VRLA battery ,it is important that it is properly charged for solar systems.
There are three basic stages in charging a battery: Bulk, Absorption, and Float. These terms signify different voltage and current variables involved in each stage of charging.

1. Bulk Charge step
   In the first stage of the process, current is sent to the batteries at the maximum safe rate they will accept until voltage is brought up to nearly 80-90 percent full charge level. There are limits on the amount of current the battery and/or wiring can take.
   We recommended bulk current(initial constant charging current) are 0.25C of 10HR(UPN) 20HR(SG) nominal capacity. Example
   UPN 600 is rated at 600AH@ 10Hrs, Current : 600 X 0.25 = 150Amps.

2. Absorption Charge step (Topping up step) In the second stage, voltage peaks and stabilizes and current begins to taper off as internal resistance rises. The charge controller puts out maximum voltage at this stage. This stage charge voltage have 2.40V per battery at 25℃ .

3. Float Charge step
   This can also be referred to as trickle charging or a maintenance charge. In this stage, voltage is reduced to lower levels in order to reduce gassing and prolong battery life. The main purpose of this stage is basically to maintain the battery charge in a controlled manner. Charging voltage are 2.28V per cell.

Solar system charging process (Graph) ▶ Note: Failure to observe these conditions may result in reduced capacity and service life as well as voiding the battery warranty.
Floating service charge (Stand-by use)
The recommended float charge voltage is 2.21~2.23Vpc at 25 ℃ . Floating the batteries above 2.25Vpc will lead to overcharging as well as a shorter service life. Floating the batteries under 2.20Vpc without a regular equalize charge will lead to reduced capacity, sulfation build-up and premature failure. For these reasons, we recommend 2.21Vpc @ 25℃ , whenever possible.
The system float voltage should equal: (# of cells in system) x 2.25Vpc = System Float Voltage. Float voltage should not vary by more than +/-1%. Should the float voltage of any cell vary by +/-0.06Vpc apply an equalize charge and contact your sales office should this not correct the problem.
Cycle service Charge
If batteries are assumed to be used in cycling service, charging voltage 2.35-2.45Vpc at 25℃ .
It is highly recommended to use a regulator to adjust charging voltage to the corresponding ambient temperature when used in a high temperature-variant environment.
If general cycle service (not solar system), charging voltage 2.40Vpc at 25℃ . For technical detail, see the specification sheet. (charging method). Charging time shall not exceed 24hours.
Float and Cycle service Charge Adjustment
The float and cycle charge voltage will need to be adjusted if the average operating temperature is 25℃ .
If you do not have temperature compensation on your charger you will have to make the following adjustments to assure you are not over or under charging the system: If the average battery temperature exceeds 25 ℃ , the float charge voltage shall be reduced by (AT – 25) x .0033Vpc (cycle service .005Vpc, but not less than 2.18Vpc).
Example: Float service AT= 35℃ : (35-25) x .0033 = reduce Vpc by .0033 AT=the average operating temp. Cycle service AT=35℃ : (35-25) x .0050 = reduce Vpc by .0050 AT=the average operating temp.
A 60 cells system with a standard float voltage of 135Vdc (2.25Vpc) should be floated at 133.0Vdc if the operating temperature is 35℃ . If used cycle service(solar system), standard voltage of 136.8Vdc (2.28Vpc) should be charged at 133.8Vdc if the operating temperature is 35℃ . Deviations of individual cell voltages of +/-.06Vpc may be observed. However, the total voltage of the battery system shall be within the limits stated above.
▶ for cycle service : -5.0mVpc/℃
▶ for floating service : -3.3mVpc/℃
Vpc : Voltage per cell
▶ Note: Failure to observe these conditions may result in reduced capacity and service life as well as voiding the  battery warranty.
Open circuit voltage (OCV)
Open circuit voltage (OCV) varies according to ambient temperature and remaining capacity of the battery. Generally, open circuit voltage is determined by the specific gravity of the electrolyte. Open circuit voltage is the voltage of an accumulator which is without external consumers(not under load). It is generally higher than the nominal voltage. The state of charge of lead acid batteries slowly decrease on open circuit voltage due to self- discharge.
The result of a measurement of the open circuit voltage, taken either 24 hours after a full charge, or at least 10 minutes after discharge, when plotted on the curve found in figure allows an approximation of the residual capacity.
OCV vs SOC (V/cell) Equalizing Charge (Refreshing Charge or Boost Charge)
▶ Note: Because the permissible system voltage level may be exceeded when equalize charging at increased voltages, suitable measures should be taken to protect the load circuits (e.g. charging off-line).
When should an equalize charge be applied?
▹ Quarterly
▹ When individual cells fall below 2.20Vpc or when block voltage falls below 13.20Vdc (for 12V blocks) or 6.60Vdc (for 6V blocks).
▹ After a deep discharge, or after an inadequate recharging, an equalizing charge may be used to recharge the battery system quicker.
Charge at a voltage of 2.35~2.40Vpc for no more than 24 hours. Current should be limited to 20% of the amp hour rating of the battery. The actual time needed to equalize depends on the initial state of charge of the battery system and the voltage and current applied. The fully charged condition has been achieved when, for a period of two hours, the cell voltages do not continue to increase and the charging current does not continue to decrease.
If the maximum temperature of 35℃ (95 ℉ ) is exceeded, charging must be terminated or continued at a reduced current or temporarily switched to float charging.
Upon completion of the equalize charge place the ba tteries back on float charge.
If there are still voltage discrepancies after an equalize charge is carried out contact Korea battery Co.,Ltd
▶ Note: Leaving VRLA batteries on equalization charge for long periods of time may result in: voided warranty, seriously overcharging the battery causing the pressure relief vents to open, loss of electrolyte (dry out) and shortened system life.
Recharge
After a discharge, the battery can be recharged at the operating voltage (float voltage) or to reduce the charging time the recharging can be carried out per the equalizing charge instructions. The recharging times vary depending on the charging procedure and on the charging current available. Recharge 120%(1.2 times) the discharged capacity(Ah).

TEMPERATURE

Higher temperatures reduce the operational life. Lower temperatures reduce the available capacity.
The permissible operating temperature range is -15 ℃ (5 ° F) to 50 ℃ (122 ° F) however operating VRLA batteries above 35℃ (95° F) will void the warranty.
The recommended operating temperature range is 20℃ (68° F) to 25℃ (77° F). This will maximize life and minimize maintenance. All technical data relates to a rated temperature of 25° C(77° F).
DISCHARGING – End of Discharge Voltage Limits
The battery must not be discharged more than the capacity specified in the performance data tables. Deeper discharges may damage the battery and shorten its operational life. A low voltage disconnect is recommended to prevent deep discharge.
As a general rule, the end of discharge voltage shall be limited to the values listed below:
Table 2 – Discharge cut-off voltage

Discharge current(A) (C : 10 hour rate capacity)| Cut-off voltage (V/cell/25℃)
---|---
0.1C ~| 1.8
0.2C| 1.7
0.3C| 1.65
0.7C~1.0C| 1.6
1C~3C| 1.5

Individual cell voltages may fall below cut-off voltage per cell by not more than 0.2Vpc.
Discharged Cells
Batteries must not be left in a discharged condition. They must be immediately returned to recharge mode. Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly reduced service life. See section 3.0 for charging instructions.
▶ Note: Each deep discharge is abusive and could affect the life expectancy of the battery.

ELECTROLYTE

The electrolyte is a diluted sulfuric acid. AGM type cells will have the electrolyte absorbed into the matting materials between the positive and negative plates. There is very little free electrolyte in the cells. GEL type cells will have the electrolyte suspended in a gel.
VRLA batteries typically use an electrolyte with a specific gravity of 1.300-1.320.
Freezing points of Electrolyte
The freezing point of the sulfuric acid electrolyte varies with the concentration. As can be seen from table below, the freezing point of the electrolyte in a discharged battery is high enough to be a significance during normal winter weather, while that of a fully charged battery at 1.250 specific gravity is low enough to be safe under all weather conditions.
These points are of importance in the storage and operation of battery under severe cold weather conditions.\

SPECIAL APPLICATIONS

Whenever the batteries are to be used for special applications (non floating type applications) such as repeated cycling or under extreme ambient conditions, please contact your sales office. Different instructions may apply. In addition, the battery may have a shorter operational life.

MAINTENANCE & TESTING

Cleaning
Keep containers and lids dry and free from dust. Cleaning must be undertaken with a damp cotton cloth without man-made fibers or addition of cleaning agents. Do not use feather dusters or dry cloths. This could cause static discharge which can lead to an explosion hazard.
Capacity/Discharge Testing
Capacity tests should be carried out in accordance with IEEE-1188. Discharge tests should be performed between 18℃ (65° F) and 32℃ (90° F).
Pretest requirements
▹ An equalize charge should be completed. No more than 24 hours at 2.35vpc is recommended by Korea battery Co.,Ltd
▹ A float charge of no less than 72hours should follow the equalize charge up to the start of the test. All battery voltages should be within tolerances noted in charging section 3.0. If any batteries have a voltage outside of the allowable float charge range Korea battery Co.,Ltd should be contacted prior to the test starting.
Test length
Korea battery Co.,Ltd recommends discharge times of 1 to 8 hours to an end cell voltage of 1.60~1.75Vpc.
Discharge Rate
Performance data is available at www.newmaxbattery.co.kr or can be supplied by contacting Korea battery Co.,Ltd
Information to Record Before and During Test
▹ Read and record the float voltages of the system and each battery just before the start of the test (with charger on).
▹ Record the float voltage at the battery terminals just before the start of the test (with charger on).
▹ Record the float voltage of each cell/block just before the start of the test (with charger on).
▹ Record the ambient temperature as well as the batteries temperature at the negative terminal.
▹ Record the voltage of each cell once the charger is off prior to placing the load on the system.
▹ At regular time intervals during the test, measure Total Vdc, Amps DC and Individual cell voltages of all batteries / cells.
▹ As the test nears its end, it may be necessary to take readings more frequently to monitor cells that are approaching low voltage limits.
Drying out / Thermal runaway
Drying out is mostly connected with a too severe charging regime, often in combination with high cell temperature. The best
way to overcome this problem is to prevent very extreme situations in battery operation. The mean, for example, the avoidance of high rate charging, especially after deep discharge and at high battery temperatures. In the case of high temperatures, the use of special cooling systems might even be required, especially when the battery is used for heavy traction applications.
In general, drying out reduces the capacity of the cell and finally limits the lifetime. Drying out also increases the recombination efficiency and this can be a severe problem in UPS applications where an excessive recombination efficiency can increase dramatically the temperature of the batteries. This could lead to the so-called thermal runaway effect that can be exhibited by VRLA batteries in UPS service.
The best way to avoid drying out and runaway is to remember that during floating the battery produces some heat. An important point is that it is not advisable to pack the batteries closely together. It is much better to have a distance between each battery of at least 5 ~ 20mm. Keeping the batteries at such a distance normally allows an effective
dissipation of the heat.
What to do if a Cells Voltage drops below the Specified End Cell Voltage Prematurely – Per IEEE1188
▹ If the specified end system voltage has not been reached, do not interrupt the test unless an individual cell is approaching reversal of its polarity (0.0 volts).
▹ If one or more cells are approaching reverse polarity (0.0 volts) the test should be continued with the cell/unit bypassed where feasible. The time required to disconnect the cell, install the jumper, and restart the test shall not exceed 6 minutes.
Complete the bypass away from the cell/unit to avoid arcing. The new minimum voltage should be determined based on the remaining cells.
This “downtime” shall not be included in the test discharge period (i.e., the capacity determination shall be based on the actual test time). No more than one “downtime” period should be allowed when a battery is being tested. It is very important that the user work with the manufacturer or other experienced personnel to plan the course of action. The possibility of a weak cell(s) should be anticipated, and preparations should be made for bypassing the weak cell(s) with minimum hazard to personnel.
Temperatures effect on a Capacity/Discharge Test
If the operating temperature of the system is above or below 25℃ (77° F) a correction factor will need to be applied to either A) the test results or to B) the current applied to determine the true capacity of the system. (Reference IEEE1188-2005)
A) Time Capacity Determination for Calculating System Capacity – Recommended
When using this method, no correction of any type is required prior to the performance of the test. The systems capacity is calculated after the completion of the test using the published performance data at 25℃ (77° F). This method is recommended for test over 1 hour. To calculate the % capacity of your system
C = Ta / (Ts × Kt) × 100
C : % capacity at 77 ℉ (25℃ )
Ta : the actual time of the test to specified end cell voltage
Ts : the rate time of the test to specified end cell voltage
Kt : the time correction factor in Table 3
Table 3 – Time correction factors

Example : An SG 2000H(12V200Ah/C10) battery is rated to deliver 38.2Amps for 5hours at 77 ℉ (25℃ ). The system was 65 ℉ (18.3℃ ), was discharged at 38.2Amps and the systems end cell voltage was reached at 4hours and 30minutes (4.5hrs).
C = 4.5 / (5 × 0.920) × 100 = System has 97.8% capacity
B) Rate adjustment capacity determination
When using this method the published rating (current) for the selected test length is de-rated below 77° F (25℃ ) and increased above 77° F (25℃ ) to take into account the effects temperature has on a batteries performance.
The calculate the adjusted discharge current A = Xt / Kc
A : adjusted discharge current for test
Xt : the published rating (current) for time to specified end cell voltage at 77 ℉
Kc : the temperature correction factor in Table 4
Table 4 – Current correction factors

Example : An SG 2000H (12V200Ah/C10) battery is rated to deliver 38.2Amps for 5hours to at 77 ℉ (25℃ ). The site temper ature is 65 ℉ (18.3℃ ) prior to starting the test.
A = 38.2 / 1.080 = 35.3Amps
The system should be discharged at 35.3Amps for 5hours to 1.70Vpc.
REQUIRED PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES
Keep a logbook in which the measured values as well as power cuts, discharge tests, equalize charges storage times and general conditions can be noted. If a problem or warranty situation does come up this information is necessary in determining the course of action.
To obtain the full capacity and service life from your Korea battery Co.,Ltd. stationary battery system, the performance of complete and timely periodic maintenance is essential. Temperature extremes, improper charging voltage and individual cell voltage unbalance are a few of the items which can have a negative effect on the system.
Routine inspection, charger/rectifier checks, and pilot cell checks should be performed monthly. More detailed inspection of the battery is required on a quarterly and annual schedule.
GENERAL BATTERY ROOM AND EQUIPMENT INSPECTION – perform the following checks whenever in the battery room:

• The battery room is clean, dry, and clear of debris and within 20-25℃ (68-77ºF) temperature range.
• The battery room ventilation system is operating.
• Battery room and personal safety equipment is available and operational.
• Battery cleaning and acid neutralization supplies are available on site.
• Battery maintenance equipment and tools are available and operational.

MONTHLY CHARGER/RECTIFIER OUTPUT CHECKS – record in a log book the following:

• Charger rectifier output voltmeter reading: It should be the same value as that read with a calibrated voltmeter.
  It should equal 2.25 volt DC x number of cells. If a deviation in voltage greater than +/- 1% occurs, the charger must be adjusted or checked for proper operation. Measure voltage at battery terminals.

MONTHLY BATTERY SYSTEM CHECKS – record in a log book the following:

• Record the battery system float charging voltage: It should be equal to the number of cells multiplied by the recommended charging voltage per cell.
• Record each pilot cell charging voltage: The pilot cell charging voltage should be: 2.25V +/- 0.06V for 2V cells, 6.75V (+0,-1%) for 6V blocks or 13.50V (+0,-1%) for 12V blocks.
• Record the pilot cell negative post temperatures: The normal range is between 20-25℃ (68-77ºF) , and should have a variance no greater than 3℃ between individual cells.
• Visually inspect each cell noting any changes or abnormalities. If anything odd is noticed, record it and call sales office immediately to determine proper action. Changes you should look for may be, but are not limited to the following: discoloration, cracks, corrosion, and growth inside or outside of container. Any noticeable sign may be a sign of trouble.
• All cells and racks are clean, dry and free of any leaks, spilled electrolyte and corrosion.
• Record room temperature.

▶ Note: Individual cell charging voltage measurements are most accurate if 72 hours or more have elapsed since the system was discharged or equalized.
QUARTERLY BATTERY SYSTEM CHECKS – record in a log book the following:
In addition to the monthly inspection the following checks should be completed quarterly.

• Record the charging voltage of each cell or multi-cell block in the battery system.
• Record the Internal Resistance of each cell or multi-cell block.
• Record temperature of negative posts in the battery system.
• Review the general condition or change in condition of the cells, racks, cables and connectors.

ANNUAL BATTERY SYSTEM CHECKS – record in a log book the following:
In addition to the quarterly and monthly inspection checks, perform the following checks annually.

• Check torque of all connections (batteries and racks).

CAPACITY TESTING CHECKS – record in a log book the following:
In addition to all of the normal maintenance checks done on an Annual basis, a periodic capacity test of the battery system should be performed at least every (2) two years to verify the ability of the battery system to perform to specifications and then annually, every (1) year if the capacity of the system falls below 90%.

STORAGE SYSTEM

▶ General storage condition
The battery should be stored under the following condition.
▷ Low humidity
▷ 5 ℉ to 122 ℉ (-15℃ to 50℃ )
▷ Clean and out of direct sunlight
▶ Capacity after long term storage
After long term storage, all batteries deliver less than rated capacity on first cycle. In cyclic application full capacity will be obtained through several charge/discharging cycles. In floating application, full capacity will be achieved in 24-48 hours, when charged at 2.4V/cell.
▶ Refresh charge
When batteries are in extended storage, it is recommended that they receive a refresh charge at recommended intervals ;
If are not refresh charge as below, voided warranty.

Storage temperature| Refresh charge interval| Refresh charge method
---|---|---
~ 68℉ ( ~20℃ )| 18 month| Constant voltage 2.40V/cell
Initial current 20~50A 24hrs max.
68℉ ~ 86℉ (20 ~30℃)| 12 month
86℉ ~ 104℉ (30 ~40℃| 6 month
104℉ ~ (40℃ ~ )| 3 month

BATTERY LOG BOOK

___Amps
AMBIENT ROOM TEMP :|
Cell# 1| Voltage| IR| Temp| Cell#| Voltage| IR| Temp| Cell#| Voltage| IR| Temp| Cell| Voltage| IR| Temp
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
1| | | | 16| | | | 31| | | | 46| | |
2| | | | 17| | | | 32| | | | 47| | |
3| | | | 18| | | | 33| | | | 48| | |
4| | | | 19| | | | 34| | | | 49| | |
5| | | | 20| | | | 35| | | | 50| | |
6| | | | 21| | | | 36| | | | 51| | |
7| | | | 22| | | | 37| | | | 52| | |
8| | | | 23| | | | 38| | | | 53| | |
9| | | | 24| | | | 39| | | | 54| | |
10| | | | 25| | | | 40| | | | 55| | |
11| | | | 26| | | | 41| | | | 56| | |
12| | | | 27| | | | 42| | | | 57| | |
13| | | | 28| | | | 43| | | | 58| | |
14| | | | 29| | | | 44| | | | 59| | |
15| | | | 30| | | | 45| | | | 60| | |

Battery Syatem Condition :
Battery Connection / Cable Condition :
Any other Comments :

Factory: 134, 1Gongdan-Ro, Gumi-Si, Gyeongsangbuk-Do, Korea
Office: 3rd Fl., Dogok Bldg.,14, Nambusunhwan-Ro 359-Gil, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 06268, Korea
Tel : +82-2-883-7091
Fax : +82-2-882-7094
Email : dhlim@newmaxbattery.co.kr
KOREA BATTERY CO., LTD.
www.newmaxbattery.co.kr

References

• KOREA BATTERY

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