Orange P PDDR4 4x Rockchip RK3588 8 Core 64 Bit Single Board Computer User Manual

: June 16, 2024
: Orange P

Table of Contents

PDDR4 4x Rockchip RK3588 8 Core 64 Bit Single Board Computer
Specifications
Product Usage Instructions
1. Basic Features of Orange Pi 5 Plus
2. Introduction to the use of the development board

PDDR4 4x Rockchip RK3588 8 Core 64 Bit Single Board Computer

Specifications

The Orange Pi 5 Plus is a development board equipped with
various features and hardware specifications:

Processor: Rockchip RK3566 quad-core Cortex-A55 (1.8GHz)
GPU: Mali-G52
RAM: 4GB LPDDR4
Storage: 64GB eMMC flash
Wireless: Dual-band Wi-Fi (2.4GHz/5GHz), Bluetooth 5.0
Interfaces: USB 3.0, USB 2.0, HDMI 2.0, Gigabit Ethernet, TF
card slot, MIPI-CSI, MIPI-DSI, GPIO, etc.

Product Usage Instructions

1. Basic Features of Orange Pi 5 Plus

The Orange Pi 5 Plus is a powerful development board designed
for various applications. It offers high-performance computing
capabilities and a wide range of interfaces for connectivity.

1.1. What is Orange Pi 5 Plus

The Orange Pi 5 Plus is a development board that provides a
platform for software and hardware development projects.

1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi 5 Plus

The Orange Pi 5 Plus can be used for tasks such as IoT
development, home automation, media streaming, gaming, and
more.

1.3. Hardware Specifications of Orange Pi 5 Plus

The Orange Pi 5 Plus is equipped with a Rockchip RK3566
quad-core Cortex-A55 processor clocked at 1.8GHz. It has 4GB of
LPDDR4 RAM and 64GB of eMMC flash storage. The board also features
a Mali-G52 GPU for graphics processing.

1.4. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi 5 Plus

The user manual provides illustrations showing the top and
bottom views of the Orange Pi 5 Plus for easy identification of
various components and connectors.

1.5. Interface details of Orange Pi 5 Plus

The Orange Pi 5 Plus offers a variety of interfaces, including
USB 3.0, USB 2.0, HDMI 2.0, Gigabit Ethernet, TF card slot,
MIPI-CSI, MIPI-DSI, GPIO, and more. These interfaces allow for
connectivity with different devices and peripherals.

2. Introduction to the use of the development board

2.1. Prepare the required accessories

Prior to using the Orange Pi 5 Plus, make sure you have all the
necessary accessories, such as a power supply, TF card, HDMI cable,
keyboard, mouse, and display.

materials

Download the appropriate Linux or Android image for the Orange
Pi 5 Plus from the official website or other reliable sources.
Also, gather any additional materials or documentation related to
your specific development project.

2.3. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Windows

Follow one of the provided methods to burn the Linux image onto
a TF card using a Windows PC:

Method 2.3.1: Using balenaEtcher software
Method 2.3.2: Using RKDevTool to burn Linux image to TF
card
Method 2.3.3: Using Win32Diskimager to burn Linux image

2.4. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Ubuntu

If you are using an Ubuntu PC, follow the instructions provided
to burn the Linux image onto a TF card.

2.5. How to burn Linux image to eMMC

Learn how to burn the Linux image into the onboard eMMC storage
using either RKDevTool or the dd command.

Method 2.5.1: Using RKDevTool to burn Linux image into
eMMC
Method 2.5.2: Using the dd command to burn the Linux image into
eMMC

2.6. How to burn Linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD

Find out how to burn the Linux image onto SPIFlash+NVMe SSD
using various methods:

Method 2.6.1: Using the dd command to burn the image
Method 2.6.2: Using balenaEtcher software to program
Method 2.6.3: Using RKDevTool to burn the image

2.7. How to burn OpenWRT image to SPI FLASH

Learn how to burn an OpenWRT image onto the SPI FLASH of the
Orange Pi 5 Plus using either the dd command or RKDevTool.

Method 2.7.1: Using the dd command to burn the image
Method 2.7.2: Using RKDevTool to burn the image

2.8. How to burn Android image to TF card

Discover the steps to burn an Android image onto a TF card for
use with the Orange Pi 5 Plus.

2.9. How to burn Android image into eMMC

Learn how to burn an Android image into the onboard eMMC storage
using a Type-C cable.

Method 2.9.1: How to burn Android image into eMMC via Type-C
cable

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

Q: Where can I download the Linux or Android image for the
Orange Pi 5 Plus?

A: You can download the official images from the Shenzhen
Xunlong Software Co., Ltd website or other reliable sources.

Q: What accessories are required to use the Orange Pi 5
Plus?

A: You will need a power supply, TF card, HDMI cable, keyboard,
mouse, and display.

Q: Can I burn multiple Linux images onto different storage
devices simultaneously?

A: No, you can only burn one image at a time onto a specific
storage device.

Q: Is it possible to use a Mac computer for burning images?

A: The user manual does not provide specific instructions for
using a Mac computer, but you may be able to find alternative
methods online.

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Orange Pi 5 Plus User Manual

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1. Basic Features of Orange Pi 5 Plus ……………………………………………………………………… 1 1.1. What is Orange Pi 5 Plus ………………………………………………………………………………………..1
1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi 5 Plus ……………………………………………………………………………………1
1.3. Hardware Specifications of Orange Pi 5 Plus …………………………………………………………….2
1.4. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi 5 Plus ………………………………………………………… 4
1.5. nterface details of Orange Pi 5 Plus …………………………………………………………………………5
2. Introduction to the use of the development board ………………………………………………….. 6 2.1. Prepare the required accessories …………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.2. Download the image of the development board and related materials ……………………..14
2.3. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Windows PC …………………………… 15
2.3.1. How to use balenaEtcher to burn Linux image ………………………………. 16 2.3.2. How to use RKDevTool to burn Linux image to TF card ………………… 21 2.3.3. How to use Win32Diskimager to burn Linux image ………………………..29 2.4. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Ubuntu PC ……………………………… 32
2.5. How to burn Linux image to eMMC ……………………………………………………………………… 37
2.5.1. How to use RKDevTool to burn Linux image into eMMC ……………….37 2.5.2. Using the dd command to burn the Linux image into eMMC ………….. 46 2.6. How to burn Linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD ……………………………………………………49
2.6.1. The method of using the dd command to burn ………………………………..49 2.6.2. How to use balenaEtcher software to program ………………………………..53 2.6.3. Using RKDevTool to burn ……………………………………………………………68 2.7. How to burn OpenWRT image to SPI FLASH ………………………………………………………….. 77
2.7.1. The method of using the dd command to burn ………………………………..77 2.7.2. Using RKDevTool to burn ……………………………………………………………78 2.8. How to burn Android image to TF card …………………………………………………………………. 86
2.9. How to burn Android image into eMMC ……………………………………………………………….. 90
2.9.1. How to burn Android image into eMMC via Type-C cable ……………… 90

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2.9.2. How to burn Android 12 image into eMMC via TF card ………………….95 2.10. How to burn Android image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD …………………………………………… 100

2.11. How to burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to TF card …………………………………………….105

2.12. How to burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image into eMMC …………………………………………..108
2.12.1. Burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to eMMC …………………………….. 108 2.12.2. Burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to eMMC via TF card ……………. 113 2.13. Burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD ……………………………………..118

2.14. How to use RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash ……………………………………………………………. 123

2.15. Start the Orange Pi development board ……………………………………………………………. 130

2.16. How to use the debugging serial port ……………………………………………………………….. 131
2.16.1. Connection instruction of debugging serial port …………………………. 131 2.16.2. How to use the debugging serial port on the Ubuntu platform ……… 133 2.16.3. How to use the debugging serial port on Windows platform ………… 136 2.17. Instructions for using the 5v pin in the 40pin interface of the development board to supply power ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 139

3. Ubuntu/Debian Server and Xfce desktop system instructions ……………………………… 140 3.1. Supported Ubuntu/Debian image types and kernel versions …………………………………. 141

3.2. Linux system adaptation …………………………………………………………………………………….141

3.3. The format of linux commands in this manual ………………………………………………………143

3.4. Linux system login instructions ……………………………………………………………………………144
3.4.1. Linux system default login account and password …………………………144 3.4.2. How to set automatic terminal login in linux system …………………….. 145 3.4.3. Instructions for automatic login of Linux desktop version system ….. 145 3.4.4. The setting method of root user automatic login in Linux desktop version system ……………………………………………………………………………………… 147 3.4.5. The method of disabling the desktop in the Linux desktop version system …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 147 3.5. Onboard LED Light Test Instructions …………………………………………………………………….148

3.6. Network connection test …………………………………………………………………………………… 150

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3.6.1. 2.5G Ethernet port test ……………………………………………………………….150 3.6.2. WIFI connection test ………………………………………………………………… 153 3.6.3. How to set a static IP address …………………………………………………….. 161 3.7. How to use E-Key PCIe WIFI6+Bluetooth module …………………………………………………. 169

3.8. SSH remote login development board ………………………………………………………………… 171
3.8.1. SSH remote login development board under Ubuntu ……………………..171 3.8.2. SSH remote login development board under Windows …………………. 172 3.9. How to use ADB ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 174
3.9.1. How to use network adb ……………………………………………………………. 174 3.9.2. adb3.9.2. Use type-c data cable to connect to adb ………………………….176 3.10. The method of uploading files to the Linux system of the development board ……….178
3.10.1. How to upload files to the development board Linux system in Ubuntu PC ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 178 3.10.2. The method of uploading files to the development board Linux system in Windows PC …………………………………………………………………………………….. 182 3.11. HDMI test ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….187
3.11.1. HDMI test ………………………………………………………………………………187 3.11.2. HDMI IN test method ………………………………………………………………189 3.11.3. HDMI to VGA display test ……………………………………………………….192 3.11.4. HDMI resolution setting method ……………………………………………….193 3.12. How to use Bluetooth ………………………………………………………………………………………196
3.12.1. Test method of desktop image ………………………………………………….. 196 3.13. USB interface test …………………………………………………………………………………………… 199
3.13.1. Connect USB mouse or keyboard to test …………………………………….199 3.13.2. Connect USB storage device test ……………………………………………… 199 3.13.3. USB wireless network card test …………………………………………………200 3.13.4. USB camera test …………………………………………………………………….. 205 3.14. Audio Test ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 207
3.14.1. Testing audio methods on desktop systems …………………………………207 3.14.2. The method of using commands to play audio …………………………….209 3.14.3. Method of using commands to test recording …………………………….. 212 3.15. Temperature sensor …………………………………………………………………………………………212

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3.16. 40 Pin Expansion Interface Pin Instructions ……………………………………………………….. 214
3.17. How to install wiringOP …………………………………………………………………………………… 216
3.18. 40 pin interface GPIO, I2C, UART, SPI, CAN and PWM test …………………………………….218
3.18.1. 40 pin GPIO port test ……………………………………………………………….218 3.18.2. How to set the pull-down resistance of pin GPIO port ………………… 220 3.18.3. 40 pin SPI test …………………………………………………………………………221 3.18.4. 40 pin I2C test ……………………………………………………………………….. 224 3.18.5. 40 pin UART test …………………………………………………………………….227 3.18.6. How to test PWM using /sys/class/pwm ……………………………………. 229 3.18.7. CAN test method ……………………………………………………………………. 234 3.19. Method of using wiringOP hardware PWM ……………………………………………………….. 241
3.19.1. How to set PWM using wiringOP’s gpio command …………………..242 3.19.2. How to use the PWM test program …………………………………………… 247 3.20. How to install and use wiringOP-Python …………………………………………………………….248
3.20.1. How to install wiringOP-Python ………………………………………………. 249 3.20.2. 40 pin GPIO port test ……………………………………………………………….251 3.20.3. 40 pin SPI test …………………………………………………………………………253 3.20.4. 40 pin I2C test ……………………………………………………………………….. 256 3.20.5. 40 pin UART test …………………………………………………………………….259 3.21. Hardware watchdog test …………………………………………………………………………………. 262
3.22. Check the serial number of RK3588 chip …………………………………………………………… 263
3.23. How to install Docker ……………………………………………………………………………………….263
3.24. How to download and install arm64 version balenaEtcher ………………………………….. 264
3.25. The installation method of the pagoda linux panel …………………………………………….. 266
3.26. Set the Chinese environment and install Chinese input method ……………………………271
3.26.1. Debian system installation method …………………………………………….271 3.26.2. ubuntu 20.04 system installation method …………………………………… 278 3.26.3. Ubuntu 22.04 installation method …………………………………………….. 282 3.27. How to remotely log in to the Linux system desktop method ………………………………. 288
3.27.1. Use NoMachine remote login ……………………………………………………288

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3.27.2. Use VNC remote login ……………………………………………………………. 292 3.28. Some programming language test supported by thelinux system ………………………….294
3.28.1. Debian Bullseye system ………………………………………………………….. 294 3.28.2. Debian Bookworm system ………………………………………………………. 296 3.28.3. Ubuntu Focal system ………………………………………………………………. 297 3.28.4. Ubuntu Jammy system ……………………………………………………………. 299 3.29. QT installation method ……………………………………………………………………………………. 301

3.30. ROS installation method ………………………………………………………………………………….. 310
3.30.1. Ubuntu 20.04 method of installing ROS 1 Noetic ………………………. 310 3.30.2. Ubuntu20.04 The method of installing ROS 2 Galactic ………………..314 3.30.3. Ubuntu22.04 to install ROS 2 Humble ……………………………………….317 3.31. The method of installing the kernel header file ………………………………………………….. 319

3.32. How to use 10.1 inch MIPI LCD screen ………………………………………………………………. 322
3.32.1. 10.1 -inch MIPI screen assembly method ………………………………….. 322 3.32.2. Open the 10.1 -inch MIPI LCD screen configuration ………………….. 324 3.32.3. The server version of the image rotation display direction method .. 326 3.32.4. The desktop image rotation display and touch direction method ……327 3.33. Instructions for opening the logo use instructions ……………………………………………….329

3.34. Test methods for OV13850 and OV13855 MIPI camera ………………………………………..330

3.35. Test method for infrared receiving ……………………………………………………………………. 334

3.36. The method to use RTC …………………………………………………………………………………… 337

3.37. How to use the cooling PWM fan ………………………………………………………………………338

3.38. How to use the ZFS file system …………………………………………………………………………. 340
3.38.1. How to install ZFS …………………………………………………………………..340 3.38.2. Methods of creating ZFS pools ………………………………………………… 341 3.38.3. Test the data deduplication function of ZFS ………………………………..343 3.38.4. Test the data compression function of ZFS ………………………………… 344 3.39. How to install and use CasaOS …………………………………………………………………………. 345
3.39.1. CasaOS installation method …………………………………………………….. 345 3.39.2. How to use CasaOS ………………………………………………………………… 346

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3.40. The method of shutting down and restarting the development board ………………….. 354

4. Ubuntu22.04 Gnome Wayland Desktop system instructions ……………………………….. 355 4.1. Ubuntu22.04 GNOME desktop system adaptation situation ………………………………….. 356 4.2. Confirm that the current window system used by the system is Wayland ……………….. 358 4.3. Switch the method of default audio equipment …………………………………………………… 359 4.4. GPU test method ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 360 4.5. Chromium browser hard solution to play video test method …………………………………. 362 4.6. Kodi hard solution to play video test method ………………………………………………………. 364 4.7. Ubuntu22.04 Gnome to install ROS 2 Humble ……………………………………………………… 372 4.8. Set the Chinese environment and the method of installing the Chinese input method374

5. Orange Pi OS Arch system use instructions ………………………………………………………. 381 5.1. Orange Pi OS Arch system adaptation situation …………………………………………………….381
5.2. How to use the M.2 E-Key PCIE WIFI6+Bluetooth module …………………………………….. 383
5.3. How to use 10.1 inch MIPI LCD screen ………………………………………………………………… 390
5.3.1. 10.1 -inch MIPI screen assembly method ……………………………………. 390 5.3.2. How to open 10.1 -inch MIPI LCD screen configuration ………………. 393 5.3.3. Method of rotating display and touch direction ……………………………. 394 5.4. OV13850 and OV13855 MIPI test methods for testing ………………………………………….. 397
5.5. Set the Chinese environment and the method of installing the Chinese input method399
5.6. HDMI IN test method ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 405
5.7. How to install wiringOP …………………………………………………………………………………….. 408
5.8. 40 PIN interface GPIO, I2C, UART, SPI, CAN and PWM test …………………………………….. 410
5.8.1. 40 PIN GPIO port test ………………………………………………………………. 411 5.8.2. 40 PIN GPIO Port -to -Plattering resistance setting method …………… 411 5.8.3. 40 PIN SPI test ………………………………………………………………………… 412 5.8.4. 40 pin I2C test …………………………………………………………………………. 415 5.8.5. 40 Pin’s UART test …………………………………………………………………… 416 5.8.6. PWM test method …………………………………………………………………….. 418

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5.8.7. CAN’s test method …………………………………………………………………….421 6. Linux SDK —-orangepi-build instructions ……………………………………………………… 424
6.1. Compilation system requirements ……………………………………………………………………… 424
6.1.1. Compile with the Ubuntu22.04 system of the development board ….. 424 6.1.2. Compile with x64 Ubuntu22.04 computer …………………………………… 424 6.2. Get the source code of linux sdk ………………………………………………………………………… 427
6.2.1. Download orangepi-build from github ………………………………………… 427 6.2.2. Download the cross-compilation toolchain ………………………………….. 429 6.2.3. orangepi- build complete directory structure description …………………430 6.3. Compile u-boot …………………………………………………………………………………………………431

6.4. Compile the linux kernel …………………………………………………………………………………….435 6.5. Compile rootfs …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 441 6.6. Compile linux image …………………………………………………………………………………………. 444

7. Linux Development Manual …………………………………………………………………………….448 7.1. The method of compiling the kernel source code separately in the linux system of the development board …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 448

8. OpenWRT system instructions ………………………………………………………………………… 450 8.1. OpenWRT version …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 450

8.2. OpenWRT Adaptation ………………………………………………………………………………………..451

8.3. The first start to expand rootfs ……………………………………………………………………………451

8.4. How to log in to the system ………………………………………………………………………………..452
8.4.1. Login via serial port …………………………………………………………………..452 8.4.2. Log in to the system via SSH …………………………………………………….. 452 8.4.3. Log in to the LuCI management interface …………………………………….453 8.4.4. Log in to the terminal through the LuCI management interface ……… 454 8.4.5. Use IP address + port number to log in to the terminal ………………….. 457 8.5. How to modify the IP address of the LAN port through the command line ……………… 458

8.6. How to modify the root password ……………………………………………………………………….459
8.6.1. Modify via command line …………………………………………………………. 459 8.6.2. Modify through the LuCI management interface ………………………….. 460

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8.7. USB interface test …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 461
8.7.1. Mount the USB storage device under the command line ……………….. 461 8.7.2. Mount the USB storage device on the LuCI management interface … 462 8.8. How to use E-Key PCIe wireless network card ……………………………………………………… 466
8.8.1. How to create WIFI hotspot ………………………………………………………. 466 8.8.2. How to connect to WIFI hotspot ………………………………………………… 471 8.9. Installing packages via the command line ……………………………………………………………. 475
8.9.1. Install via opkg in the terminal ……………………………………………………475 8.10. OpenWRT management interface installation software package …………………………..475
8.10.1. View the list of available software packages in the system ……………476 8.10.2. Example of installing software packages …………………………………… 477 8.10.3. Remove package example ……………………………………………………….. 479 8.11. Using Samba Network Shares ……………………………………………………………………………481
8.12. Zerotier Instructions ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 485

9. Compilation method of OpenWRT source code ………………………………………………….488 9.1. Download OpenWRT source code ……………………………………………………………………….488
9.2. Compile OpenWRT source code …………………………………………………………………………. 488

10. Instructions for using the Android 12 system ……………………………………………………490 10.1. Supported Android versions …………………………………………………………………………….. 490 10.2. Android function adaptation ……………………………………………………………………………. 490 10.3. How to use the USB wireless network card …………………………………………………………492 10.4. M.2 How to use E-Key PCIe WIFI6+Bluetooth module ………………………………………….493 10.5. WIFI connection test method …………………………………………………………………………… 494 10.6. How to use Wi- Fi hotspot …………………………………………………………………………………497 10.7. Bluetooth test method ……………………………………………………………………………………. 499 10.8. Test method of HDMI In ………………………………………………………………………………….. 503 10.9. How to use 10.9.10.1 inch MIPI screen ……………………………………………………………… 504 10.10. OV13850 and OV13855 MIPI camera test method ……………………………………………. 505

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10.11. 40pin interface GPIO, UART, SPI and PWM test ………………………………………………… 509
10.11.1. 40pin GPIO port test ………………………………………………………………509 10.11.2. 40pin UART test ……………………………………………………………………513 10.11.3. 40pin SPI test ………………………………………………………………………..516 10.11.4. 40pin PWM test …………………………………………………………………….518 10.12. How to use ADB ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 521
10.12.1. Use the data cable to connect to adb debugging …………………………521 10.12.2. Use network connection adb debugging ……………………………………522 10.13. 2.4G USB remote control tested by Android Box ………………………………………………. 523
10.14. How to use the infrared remote control of the Android Box system ……………………. 524
10.15. How to use HDMI CEC function in Android Box system ……………………………………… 525

11. How to compile Android 12 source code ………………………………………………………… 527 11.1. Download Android 12 source code …………………………………………………………………… 527
11.2. Compile the source code of Android 12 …………………………………………………………….. 527

12. Instructions for using the Orange Pi OS Droid system ……………………………………… 530 12.1. Function adaptation of OPi OS Droid system ……………………………………………………… 530
12.2. Test method of HDMI In ………………………………………………………………………………….. 531

13. Appendix ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..534 13.1. User Manual Update History ……………………………………………………………………………. 534
13.2. Image update history ……………………………………………………………………………………….534

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1. Basic Features of Orange Pi 5 Plus
1.1. What is Orange Pi 5 Plus
Orange Pi 5 Plus adopts Rockchip RK3588 new-generation octa-core 64-bit ARM processor, specifically quad-core A76 and quad-core A55, using Samsung 8nm LP process technology, large-core main frequency up to 2.4GHz, integrated ARM Mali-G610 MP4 GPU, embedded with high-performance 3D and 2D image acceleration modules, built-in AI accelerator NPU with a computing power of up to 6 Tops, optional 4GB, 8GB, 16GB or 32GB memory, with up to 8K display processing capabilities.
Orange Pi 5 Plus introduces quite a lot of interfaces, including 2 HDMI outputs, 1 HDMI input, USB-C/DP interface, M.2 M-key PCIe3.0x4, M.2 E-key PCIe2.0x1, 2 2.5G network port, eMMC expansion interface, USB2.0, USB3.0 interface, infrared, earphone, onboard MIC, speaker, RTC and 40pin expansion pin header, etc. It can be widely used in high-end tablet, edge computing, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, AR/VR, smart security, smart home and other fields, covering various AIoT industries.
Orange Pi 5 Plus supports Orange Pi OS, the official operating system developed by Orange Pi. At the same time, it supports Android 12.1, OpenWRT, Debian11, Debian12, Ubuntu20.04 and Ubuntu22.04 and other operating systems.
1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi 5 Plus
We can use it to achieve
A Linux desktop computer A Linux web server Android tablet Android game console, etc.
Of course, there are more functions. Relying on a strong ecosystem and a variety of expansion accessories, OPi 5 Plus can help users easily realize

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the delivery from idea to prototype to mass production. It is a maker, dreamer, amateur The ideal creative platform for enthusiasts.

1.3. Hardware Specifications of Orange Pi 5 Plus

Master chip CPU
GPU NPU PMU RAM Storage
USB
Video TP interface
Camera

Hardware Specifications of Orange Pi 5 Plus
Rockchip RK3588(8nm LP process · 8-core 64-bit processor · 4 Cortex-A76 and 4 Cortex-A55 with independent NEON coprocessor · Cortex-A76 up to 2.4GHz, Cortex-A55 up to 1.8GHz · Integrated ARM Mali-G610 · Built-in 3D GPU · Compatible with OpenGL ES1.1/2.0/3.2, OpenCL 2.2 and Vulkan 1.2 Embedded GPU supports INT4/INT8/INT16/FP16, with computing power up to 6 Tops
RK806-1
4GB/8GB/16GB/32GB optional
· QSPI Nor FLASH: 16MB/32MB · MicroSD card slot · eMMC socket, external eMMC module can be connected · M.2 2280 slot for NVMe SSD (PCIe 3.0 x4) · 2 x USB3.0 · 2 x USB2.0 · 1 x Type-C · 2 x HDMI 2.1 output, up to 8K@60FPS · 1 x Type-C (DP 1.4A) output, up to 4K@60FPS · 1 x HDMI input, up to 4K@60FPS · 1 x MIPI DSI 4 Lane output, up to 4K@60Hz 1 x 6Pin FPC socket
1 x MIPI CSI 4 Lane

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Audio

· 1 x 3.5mm headphone jack audio input/output · 1 x onboard MIC input · 2 x HDMI output · 1 x HDMI input · 1 x DP output · 1 x speaker output (2pin, 1.25mm specification)

Ethernet

2 x PCIe 2.5G Ethernet ports (RTL8125BG )

40pin expansion port Used to expand UART, I2C, SPI, CAN, PWM, GPIO interfaces

PCIe M.2 M-KEY PCIe 3.0 x 4 lanes, used to connect 2280 NVMe SSD solid state drive

PCIe M.2 E-KEY Button

Contains PCIe 2.0 x 1/PCM/UART/USB2.0 interface, supports 2230 Wi-Fi6 /BT module 1 MaskROM key, 1 RECOVERY key, 1 power on/off key

Powered supply

Support Type-C power supply, 5V@4A

Infrared receiver

1 x infrared receiver

LED Fan interface RTC battery interface

RGB LED three-color indicator light 2pin, 1.25mm specification, used to connect 5V fan, support PWM control switch and speed 2pin, 1.25mm specification, used to power the RTC module

Debugging Supported OS

3pin debug serial port (UART) Orangepi OS(Droid)Orangepi OS(Arch)Orangepi OS(OH)Ubuntu20.04 Ubuntu22.04Debian11Debian12OpenWRT and Android12

Introduction of Appearance Specifications

Product Size Weight

100mm*75mm 86.5g

rangePiTM is a registered trademark of Shenzhen Xunlong Software Co., Ltd.

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1.4. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi 5 Plus

Top view

Bottom view

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1.5. nterface details of Orange Pi 5 Plus

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2. Introduction to the use of the development board
2.1. Prepare the required accessories

TF card, a class 10 or above high-speed SanDisk card with a minimum capacity of 16GB (32GB or above is recommended)
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TF card reader, used to burn the image into the TF card 3) Display with HDMI interface
HDMI to HDMI cable, used to connect the development board to an HDMI monitor or TV for display
Note, if you want to connect a 4K or 8K display, please make sure that the HDMI cable supports 4K or 8K video display.
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Type-C to HDMI cable, connect the development board to an HDMI monitor or TV for display through the Type-C interface
Type-C to USB adapter, used to connect USB devices such as USB storage devices or mouse keyboards through the Type-C interface (there are 2 USB3.0 HOST interfaces and 2 USB2.0 HOST interfaces on the development board, this accessory generally not used)
10.1-inch MIPI screen, used to display the system interface of the development board (this screen is common to OPi5/OPi5B)
Power adapter, Orange Pi 5 Plus is recommended to use 5V/4A Type-C power supply
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for power supply

There are two Type-C ports that look the same on the development board. The one next to the network port is the power port, and the other Type-C port has no power
supply function. Please don’t connect it wrong.

The Type-C power interface of the development board does not support the PD negotiation function, and only supports a fixed 5V voltage input. 9) The mouse and keyboard of the USB interface, as long as the mouse and keyboard of
the standard USB interface are acceptable, the mouse and keyboard can be used to control the Orange Pi development board
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USB camera
5V cooling fan. As shown in the figure below, the development board has an interface for connecting the cooling fan, and the interface specification is 2pin 1.25mm pitch The fan on the development board can adjust the speed and switch through
PWM.
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Network cable, used to connect the development board to the Internet
The data cable of the Type-C interface, used for burning images, using ADB and other functions
Infrared remote control

Note that the remote control of the air conditioner or the TV cannot control the Orange Pi development board. The operating system provided by Orange Pi can only ensure that the remote control provided by Orange Pi can be used by default. 15) OV13850 camera with 13 million MIPI interface (common with OPi5/OPi5B)
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OV13855 camera with 13 million MIPI interface (common with OPi5/OPi5B)
M.2 M-KEY 2280 specification NVMe SSD solid state drive, PCIe interface specification is PCIe3.0x4
eMMC expansion module (to be added physical pictures) The position where the eMMC module is inserted on the development board is
shown in the figure below:
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RTC battery, the interface is 2pin, 1.25mm pitch
The location of the RTC battery interface on the development board is shown in the figure below:
Horn, the interface is 2pin, 1.25mm pitch
The interface position of the speaker on the development board is shown in the figure below:
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Matching shell (pictures and assembly methods to be added) 22) 3.3V USB to TTL module and DuPont line, when using serial port debugging
function, need USB to TTL module and DuPont line to connect the development board and computer
Personal computer with Ubuntu and Windows operating systems installed

Ubuntu22.04 PC Optional, used to compile Linux source code

Windows PC

For burning Android and Linux images

2.2. Download the image of the development board and related materials

The website for downloading the English version of materials is
http://www.orangepi.org/html/hardWare/computerAndMicrocontrollers/service-and- support/Orange-Pi-5-plus.html

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The information mainly includes a. User Manual and Schematic: Saved on Google Cloud Disk b. Official tools: mainly include the software that needs to be used during the use of the development board c. Android source code: saved on Google Cloud Disk d. Linux source code: saved on Github e. OpenWRT source code: saved on Github f. Android image: saved on Google Cloud Disk g. Ubuntu imagesaved on Google Cloud Disk h. Debian imagesaved on Google Cloud Disk i. Orange Pi OS imagesaved on Google Cloud Disk j. OpenWRT imagesaved on Google Cloud Disk
2.3. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Windows PC
Note that the Linux image mentioned here specifically refers to the image of Linux distributions such as Debian, Ubuntu, OpenWRT or OPi OS Arch downloaded from the Orange Pi data download page.
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2.3.1. How to use balenaEtcher to burn Linux image

First prepare a TF card with a capacity of 16GB or more. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands
Then use the card reader to insert the TF card into the computer
Download the Linux operating system image file compression package that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system. The size is generally above 2GB.

Note, if you download the OpenWRT image, you will see the following two types of images in the download link of the OpenWRT image, please download the image file in the “TF card, eMMC and NVME SSD boot image” folder.

Then download the burning software of Linux image—-balenaEtcher, the download address is: https://www.balena.io/etcher/
After entering the balenaEtcher download page, click the green download button to jump to the place where the software is downloaded

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Then you can choose to download the Portable version of balenaEtcher software. The Portable version does not need to be installed, and you can use it by double-clicking to open it
If the downloaded version of balenaEtcher needs to be installed, please install it before using it. If you downloaded the Portable version of balenaEtcher, just double-click to open it. The balenaEtcher interface after opening is shown in the figure below:
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When opening balenaEtcher, if the following error is prompted:
Please select balenaEtcher, right-click, and select Run as administrator.
8) The specific steps to use balenaEtcher to burn the Linux image are as follows a. First select the path of the Linux image file to be burned b. Then select the drive letter of the TF card c. Finally click Flash to start burning the Linux image to the TF card
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The interface displayed in the process of burning the Linux image by balenaEtcher is shown in the figure below, and the progress bar displays purple, indicating that the Linux image is being burned into the TF card.
After burning the Linux image, balenaEtcher will also verify the image burned to the TF card by default to ensure that there is no problem in the burning process. As shown in the figure below, a green progress bar indicates that the image has been burnt, and balenaEtcher is verifying the burnt image.
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After successful burning, the display interface of balenaEtcher is as shown in the figure below. If the green indicator icon is displayed, it means that the image burning is successful. At this time, you can exit balenaEtcher, and then pull out the TF card and insert it into the TF card slot of the development board.

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2.3.2. How to use RKDevTool to burn Linux image to TF card

First, you need to prepare a data cable with a good quality Type-C interface
You also need to prepare a 16GB or larger TF card. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands 3) Then insert the TF card into the card slot of the development board
Then download the Rockchip microdriver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and MiniLoader and the burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from the Orange Pi data download page
a. On the Orange Pi data download page, first select the official tool, and then enter the following folder.
b. Then download all the files below
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Note that the “MiniLoader-things needed to burn the Linux image” folder is hereinafter referred to as the MiniLoader folder.
5) Then download the Linux operating system image file compression package that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system , the size is generally more than 2GB
Note, if you download the OpenWRT image, you will see the following two types of images in the download link of the OpenWRT image, please download the image file in the “TF card, eMMC and NVME SSD boot image” folder.
6) Then use decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, and then find the DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it

After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as
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follows a. Click the “Driver Installation” button

b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, and then click the “OK” button.

Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer has not been connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
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Then start burning the Linux image to the TF card a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
b. Make sure the development board is not connected to the Type-C power supply c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board, the
position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below
d. Finally, connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on, and then release the MaskROM button. The location of the Type-C power interface is as follows
e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the
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MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “found a MASKROM device”

f. Then place the mouse cursor in the area below

g. Then click the right mouse button and the selection interface shown in the figure below will pop up
h. Then select the import configuration option
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i. Then select the rk3588_linux_tfcard.cfg configuration file in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and click Open

j. Then click OK

k. Then click the position shown in the figure below
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l. Then select MiniLoaderAll.bin in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and then click to open
m. Then click the position shown in the figure below
n. Then select the path of the linux image you want to burn, and click Open Before burning the image, it is recommended to rename the linux image to be
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burned to orangepi.img or other shorter names, so that you can see the percentage value of the burning progress when burning the image.

o. Then please check the option to force writing by address

p. Then click the execute button to start burning the linux image to the tf card of the development board

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q. The log displayed after burning the linux image is shown in the figure below

r. After burning the linux image to the TF card, the linux system will start automatically.
2.3.3. How to use Win32Diskimager to burn Linux image

First prepare a TF card with a capacity of 16GB or more. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands
Then use the card reader to insert the TF card into the computer
Then format the TF card a. SD Card Formatter can be used to format the TF card. The download link is
https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter/eula_windows/SDCardFormatterv5_WinEN.zip
b. After downloading, unzip and install directly, and then open the software
c. If only a TF card is inserted into the computer, the drive letter of the TF card will be displayed in the “Select card” column. If multiple USB storage devices are inserted into the computer, you can select the corresponding drive letter of the TF card through the drop-down box
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d. Then click “Format”, a warning box will pop up before formatting, and formatting will start after selecting “Yes (Y)”
e. After formatting the TF card, the message shown in the figure below will pop up, click OK
4) Download the image file compression package of the Linux operating system that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system. The size is generally more than 2GB
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Use Win32Diskimager to burn the Linux image to the TF card a. The download page of Win32Diskimager is
http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/files/Archive/
b. After downloading, install it directly. The interface of Win32Diskimager is as follows
a) First select the path of the image file b) Then confirm that the drive letter of the TF card is consistent with that displayed in the “Device” column c) Finally click “Write” to start burning

c. After the image writing is completed, click the “Exit” button to exit, and then you can pull out the TF card and insert it into the development board to start
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2.4. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Ubuntu PC

Note that the Linux image mentioned here specifically refers to the image of Linux distributions such as Debian, Ubuntu, OpenWRT or OPi OS Arch downloaded from the Orange Pi data download page, and the Ubuntu PC refers to the personal computer with the Ubuntu system installed.

First prepare a TF card with a capacity of 16GB or more. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class 10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands
Then use the card reader to insert the TF card into the computer
Download the balenaEtcher software, the download address is https://www.balena.io/etcher/
After entering the balenaEtcher download page, click the green download button to jump to the place where the software is downloaded
Then choose to download the Linux version of the software
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Download the Linux operating system image file compression package that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system. The size is generally more than 2GB
Note, if you download the OpenWRT image, you will see the following two types of images in the download link of the OpenWRT image, please download the image file in the “TF card, eMMC and NVME SSD boot image” folder.
The decompression command for the compressed package ending in 7z is as follows
test@test:~$ 7z x orangepi5plus_1.0.0_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.7z test@test:~$ ls orangepi5plus_1.0.0_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.* orangepi5plus_1.0.0_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.7z orangepi5plus_1.0.0_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.sha # checksum file orangepi5plus_1.0.0_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.img # mirror file
If you download the OpenWRT image, the compressed package ends with gz, and the decompression command is as follows
test@test:~$ gunzip openwrt-aarch64-opi5plus-23.05-linux-5.10.110-ext4.img.gz
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test@test:~$ ls openwrt-aarch64-opi5plus-23.05-linux-5.10.110-ext4.img openwrt-aarch64-opi5plus-23.05-linux-5.10.110-ext4.img # mirror file

After decompressing the image, you can first use the sha256sum -c .sha.sha command to calculate whether the checksum is correct. If the prompt is successful, it means that the downloaded image is correct, and you can safely burn it to the TF card. If it prompts that the checksum does not match, it means There is a problem with the downloaded image, please try to download again test@test:~$ sha256sum -c .sha orangepi5plus_1.0.0_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.img: OK

If you download the OpenWRT image, you need to verify the compressed package, do not decompress it and then verify it
test@test:~$ sha256sum -c openwrt- aarch64-opi5plus-23.04-linux-5.10.110-ext4.img.gz.sha openwrt- aarch64-opi5plus-23.04-linux-5.10.110-ext4.img.gz: OK

Then double-click balenaEtcher-1.14.3-x64.AppImage on the graphical interface of Ubuntu PC to open balenaEtcher (no installation required), and the interface after balenaEtcher is opened is shown in the figure below
The specific steps to use balenaEtcher to burn the Linux image are as follows a. First select the path of the Linux image file to be burned b. Then select the drive letter of the TF card c. Finally click Flash to start burning the Linux image to the TF card
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The interface displayed in the process of burning the Linux image by balenaEtcher is shown in the figure below, and the progress bar displays purple, indicating that the Linux image is being burned into the TF card
After burning the Linux image, balenaEtcher will also verify the image burned into the TF card by default to ensure that there is no problem in the burning process. As shown in the figure below, a green progress bar indicates that the image has been burnt, and balenaEtcher is verifying the burnt image
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After successful burning, the display interface of balenaEtcher is as shown in the figure below. If a green indicator icon is displayed, it means that the image burning is successful. At this time, you can exit balenaEtcher, and then pull out the TF card and insert it into the TF card slot of the development board for use.

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2.5. How to burn Linux image to eMMC

Note, after burning the image into eMMC, if the test finds that it cannot be started, please clear the SPIFlash and try again. For the method of clearing SPIFlash, please refer to the method of using RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash.
2.5.1. How to use RKDevTool to burn Linux image into eMMC
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer.

Note that the Linux image mentioned here specifically refers to the image of Linux distributions such as Debian, Ubuntu, OpenWRT or OPi OS Arch downloaded from the Orange Pi data download page.

The development board reserves the expansion interface of the eMMC module. Before burning the system to the eMMC, you first need to purchase an eMMC module that matches the eMMC interface of the development board. Then install the eMMC module to the development board. The eMMC module and the method of plugging into the development board are as follows:
It is also necessary to prepare a data cable with a good quality Type-C interface
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Then download Rockchip DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and MiniLoader and the burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v2.96.zipRKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from the Orange Pi data download page, please make sure that the version of the downloaded RKDevTool tool is v2.96.
a. On the download page of Orange Pi, first select the official tool, and then enter the following folder
b. Then download all the files below
Note that the “MiniLoader-things needed to burn the Linux image” folder is hereinafter referred to as the MiniLoader folder. 4) Then download the Linux operating system image file compression package that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system , the size is generally more than 2GB
Note, if you download the OpenWRT image, you will see the following two types
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of images in the download link of the OpenWRT image, please download the image file in the “TF card, eMMC and NVME SSD boot image” folder.

Then use decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, and then find the DriverInstall.exeexecutable file in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as follows
a. Click the “Driver Installation” button
b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, and then click the “OK” button.
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Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer has not been connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
Then start burning the Linux image into eMMC a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
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b. Make sure that the development board is not inserted into the TF card and not connected to the power supply
c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board, the position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below:
d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on, and then release the MaskROM button

e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “found a MASKROM device”

f. Then place the mouse cursor in the area below
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g. Then click the right mouse button and the selection interface shown in the figure below will pop up

h. Then select the import configuration option
i. Then select the rk3588_linux_emmc.cfg configuration file in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and click Open
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j. Then click OK
k. Then click the position shown in the figure below
l. Then select MiniLoaderAll.bin in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and then click to open
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m. Then click the position shown in the figure below
n. . Then select the path of the linux image you want to burn, and click Open Before burning the image, it is recommended to rename the linux image to be burned to orangepi.img or other shorter names, so that you can see the percentage value of the burning progress when burning the image.

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o. Then please check the option to force writing by address
p. Then click the execute button to start burning the linux image to the eMMC of the development board
q. The log displayed after burning the linux image is shown in the figure below
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r. After burning the linux image into the eMMC, the linux system will start automatically.
Note, after burning the image into eMMC, if the test finds that it cannot be started, please clear the SPIFlash and try again. For the method of clearing SPIFlash, please refer to the method of using RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash.
2.5.2. Using the dd command to burn the Linux image into eMMC
Note that the Linux image mentioned here specifically refers to the image of Linux distributions such as Debian, Ubuntu, OpenWRT or OPi OS Arch downloaded from the Orange Pi data download page.

The development board reserves the expansion interface of the eMMC module. Before burning the system to the eMMC, you first need to purchase an eMMC module that matches the eMMC interface of the development board. Then install the eMMC module to the development board. The eMMC module and the method of plugging into the development board are as follows:

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Using the dd command to burn the linux image to eMMC needs to be done with a TF card, so first you need to burn the linux image to the TF card, and then use the TF card to start the development board to enter the linux system. For the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card, please refer to the instructions in the two sections of the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Windows PC and the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Ubuntu PC.
After using the TF card to start the linux system, we first upload the decompressed linux image file (Debian, Ubuntu image or OPi Arch image downloaded from the official website) to the TF card. For the method of uploading the linux image file to the development board, please refer to the description in the section of the method of uploading files to the development board Linux system.
After uploading the image to the linux system of the development board, we enter the storage path of the image file in the command line of the linux system of the development board. For example, I store the linux image of the development board in the /home/orangepi/Desktop directory Download it, and then enter the /home/orangepi/Desktop directory to see the uploaded image file. orangepi@orangepi:~$ cd /home/orangepi/Desktop orangepi@orangepi:~/Desktop$ ls Orangepi5plus_x.x.x_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.img
How to enter the command line of the development board linux system? 1. For the method of using the serial port to log in to the terminal, please refer to the instructions in the section on how to use the debugging serial port. 2. Use ssh to remotely log in to the Linux system, please refer to the instructions in the section of SSH remote login to the development board. 3. If a display screen such as HDMI or LCD is connected, you can open a command
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line terminal on the desktop.

Next, we first use the following command to confirm the device node of eMMC orangepi@orangepi:~/Desktop$ ls /dev/mmcblk*boot0 | cut -c1-12 /dev/mmcblk1
Then we can use the dd command to clear the eMMC. Note that after the of= parameter, please fill in the output result of the above command
orangepi@orangepi:~/Desktop$ sudo dd bs=1M if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk1 count=1000 status=progress orangepi@orangepi:~/Desktop$ sudo sync
Then you can use the dd command to burn the linux image of the development board into the eMMC
a. In the following command, the if= parameter is followed by the full path where the linux image is stored + the name of the Linux image (such as the name of /home/orangepi/Desktop/Linux image). Because we have entered the path of the linux image above, we only need to fill in the name of the Linux image.
b. Please do not copy the linux image name in the following command, but replace it with the actual image name (because the version number of the image may be updated).
sudo dd bs=1M if=Orangepi5plus_x.x.x_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.img of=/dev/mmcblk1 status=progress

sudo sync

Note, if you upload a .7z or .xz linux image compressed file, please remember to decompress it before using the dd command to burn.
The detailed description of all parameters of the dd command and more usage can be viewed by executing the man dd command in the linux system.

After successfully burning the linux image of the development board to the eMMC, you can use the poweroff command to shut down. Then please pull out the TF card, and then short press the power button to turn on, and then the linux system in the eMMC will be started.

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2.6. How to burn Linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD

Note that the Linux image mentioned here specifically refers to the image of Linux distributions such as Debian, Ubuntu, OpenWRT or OPi OS Arch downloaded from the Orange Pi data download page.

Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer.
2.6.1. The method of using the dd command to burn

First, you need to prepare an M-Key 2280 specification NVMe SSD solid state drive, and the specification of the PCIe interface in the M.2 slot of the development board is PCIe3.0x4.
Then insert the NVMe SSD into the M.2 PCIe interface of the development board shown in the figure below, and fix it
The position of the SPI Flash on the development board is shown in the figure below, no other settings are required before starting the programming
Burning the linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD needs to be done with a TF card, so first you need to burn the linux image to the TF card, and then use the TF card to start the
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development board to enter the linux system. For the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card, please refer to the instructions in the two sections of the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Windows PC and the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Ubuntu PC

After using the TF card to start the Linux system, we first burn the u-boot image into the SPI Flash
a. Run nand-sata-install first, ordinary users remember to add sudo permission.
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo nand-sata-install b. Then select 7 Install/Update ther bootloader on SPI Flash

c. Then select

d. Then please wait patiently for the burning to complete. After the burning is completed, the display will be as follows (a Done will be displayed in the lower left corner):
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There is no nand-sata-install script in OPi OS Arch system, please use the following command to mirror u-boot to SPI Flash:
[orangepi@orangepi ~]$ sudo dd if=/boot/rkspi_loader.img of=/dev/mtdblock0
6) Then upload the linux image file (Debian, Ubuntu or OpenWRT image downloaded from the official website) to the TF card. For the method of uploading the linux image file to the development board, please refer to the description in the section of the method of uploading files to the development board Linux system.
Note, if you download the OpenWRT image, you will see the following two types of images in the download link of the OpenWRT image, please download the image file in the “TF card, eMMC and NVME SSD boot image” folder.
7) After uploading the image to the linux system of the development board, we enter the storage path of the image file in the command line of the linux system of the development board. For example, I store the linux image of the development board in the /home/orangepi/Desktop directory Download it, and then enter the /home/orangepi/Desktop directory to see the uploaded image file. orangepi@orangepi:~$ cd /home/orangepi/Desktop orangepi@orangepi:~/Desktop$ ls orangepi5plus_x.x.x_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.img
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How to enter the command line of the development board linux system? 4. For the method of using the serial port to log in to the terminal, please refer to the instructions in the section on how to use the debugging serial port. 5. Use ssh to remotely log in to the Linux system, please refer to the instructions in the section of SSH remote login to the development board. 6. If HDMI, LCD and other display screens are connected, you can open a command line terminal on the desktop.
8) Next, let’s confirm that the NVMe SSD has been recognized by the development board’s linux. If the NVMe SSD is recognized normally, use the sudo fdisk -l command to see nvme-related information orangepi@orangepi:~/Desktop$ sudo fdisk -l | grep “nvme0n1” Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 1.86 TiB, 2048408248320 bytes, 4000797360 sectors
Use the lspci command to see an NVMe-related PCI device
orangepi@orangepi:~$ lspci 0000:00:00.0 PCI bridge: Rockchip Electronics Co., Ltd Device 3588 (rev 01) 0000:01:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: SK hynix BC501 NVMe Solid State Drive ….
9) Then we can use the dd command to clear the NVMe SSD (optional)
orangepi@orangepi5plus:~/Desktop$ sudo dd bs=1M if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nvme0n1 count=2000 status=progress orangepi@orangepi5plus:~/Desktop$ sudo sync
10) Then you can use the dd command to burn the linux image of the development board to the NVMe SSD
a. In the following command, the if= parameter is followed by the full path where the linux image is stored + the name of the Linux image (such as the name of /home/orangepi/Desktop/Linux image). Because we have entered the path of the linux image above, we only need to fill in the name of the Linux image.
b. Please do not copy the linux image name in the following command, but replace it with the actual image name (because the version number of the image may be updated).
sudo dd bs=1M if=orangepi5plus_x.x.x_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.160.img of=/dev/nvme0n1 status=progress

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sudo sync
Note, if you upload a .7z or .xz or .gz linux image compressed file, please remember to decompress it before using the dd command to burn.
The detailed description of all parameters of the dd command and more usage can be viewed by executing the man dd command in the linux system.
11) After successfully burning the linux image of the development board to the NVMe SSD, you can use the poweroff command to shut down. Then please pull out the TF card, and then short press the power button to turn on, then the linux system in SPIFlash+NVMe SSD will be started.
2.6.2. How to use balenaEtcher software to program
Please do not use this method for OPi OS Arch system and OpenWRT system. 1) First, you need to prepare an M-Key 2280 specification NVMe SSD solid state drive, and the specification of the PCIe interface in the M.2 slot of the development board is PCIe3.0x4.

Then insert the NVMe SSD into the M.2 PCIe interface of the development board shown in the figure below, and fix it
The position of the SPI Flash on the development board is shown in the figure below, no other settings are required before starting the programming
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Burning the linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD needs to be done with a TF card, so first you need to burn the linux image to the TF card, and then use the TF card to start the development board to enter the linux system. For the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card, please refer to the instructions in the two sections of the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Windows PC and the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Ubuntu PC.
After booting into the linux system in the TF card, please confirm that the NVMe SSD has been recognized by the linux system of the development board. If the NVMe SSD is recognized normally, use the sudo fdisk -lcommand to see nvme- related information orangepi@orangepi:~/Desktop$ sudo fdisk -l | grep “nvme0n1” Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 1.86 TiB, 2048408248320 bytes, 4000797360 sectors
Use the lspci command to see an NVMe-related PCI device
orangepi@orangepi:~$ lspci 0000:00:00.0 PCI bridge: Rockchip Electronics Co., Ltd Device 3588 (rev 01) 0000:01:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: SK hynix BC501 NVMe Solid State Drive ….
The balenaEtcher has been pre-installed in the linux image, and the opening method is as follows:

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If it is not pre-installed, for how to download and install the arm64 version of balenaEtcher, please refer to the instructions in the section on how to download and install the arm64 version of balenaEtcher. 7) The interface after opening balenaEtcher is as follows:
8) The method of using balenaEtcher to burn u-boot to the SPI Flash of the development board is as follows:
a. First clickFlash from file
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b. Then enter the /usr/lib/linux-u-boot-legacy-orangepi5plus_1.x.x_arm64 directory, select rkspi_loader.img, and click Opento open
c. The interface after opening rkspi_loader.img is as follows:
d. Then click Select target
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e. Then click Show 2 hidden to open more options for storage devices

f. Then select the device name of SPI Flash /dev/mtdblock0, and click Select

g. Then click Flash

h. Then click Yes, I’m sure
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i. Then enter the password orangepi of the development board linux system, and it will start burning the u-boot image into the SPI Flash
j. The display of the burning process is as follows:
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k. After the burning is completed, the display is as follows:
9) The method of burning the linux system in the TF card to the NVMe SSD (this method is equivalent to cloning the system in the TF card to the NVMe SSD)
a. First click Clone drive
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b. Then select the device name of the TF card /dev/mmcblk1

c. The interface after opening the TF card is as follows: d. Then click Select target e. Then click Show 2 hidden Option to open more storage devices
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f. Then select the device name of the NVMe SSD /dev/nvme0n1, and click Select

g. Then click Flash

h. Then click Yes, I’m sure
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i. Then enter the password orangepi of the linux system on the development board, and it will start burning the linux image to the SSD
j. The display of the burning process is as follows:
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k. After the burning is completed, the display is as follows:

l. Then you need to expand the capacity of the rootfs partition in the NVMe SSD. The steps are as follows: a) Open GParted first, if the system does not have Gparted pre-installed, please use the apt command to install it
orangepi@orangepi:~$ sudo apt-get install -y gparted
b) Then enter the password orangepi of the linux system, and click Authenticate
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c) Then click Fix

d) Then select NVMe SSD e) The display interface after selecting NVMe SSD is as follows:
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f) f) Then select the /dev/nvme0n1p2 partition, click the right button again, and then select Resize/Move

g) Then drag the capacity to the maximum at the position shown in the figure below
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h) Then click Resize/Move

i) Then click the green in the position below j) Then click Apply

k) Then click Close to close
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m. At this point, you can use the sudo poweroff command to shut down. Then please pull out the TF card, and then short press the power button to turn on, then the linux system in SPIFlash+NVMe SSD will be started.
10) Step 9) is to clone the system in the TF card to the NMVe SSD. We can also directly burn the linux image file to the NVMe SSD. Here are the steps:
a. Upload the linux image file to the linux system of the development board b. Then use balenaEtcher to burn

c. After using this method to burn the image, there is no need to manually expand the capacity, and it will automatically expand the capacity at the first
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startup.

2.6.3. Using RKDevTool to burn

First, you need to prepare an M-Key 2280 specification NVMe SSD solid state drive, and the specification of the PCIe interface in the M.2 slot of the development board is PCIe3.0x4.
Then insert the NVMe SSD into the M.2 PCIe interface of the development board shown in the figure below, and fix it
The position of the SPI Flash on the development board is shown in the figure below, no other settings are required before starting the programming
Then you need to prepare a data cable with good quality Type-C interface
Then download the Rockchip driver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and MiniLoader and the burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from the Orange Pi data download page
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a. On the download page of Orange Pi, first select the official tool, and then enter the following folder

b. Then download all the files below

Note that the “MiniLoader-things needed to burn the Linux image” folder is hereinafter referred to as the MiniLoader folder.
6) Then download the Linux operating system image file compression package that you want to burn from the Orange Pi data download page, and then use the decompression software to decompress it. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the image file of the operating system , the size is generally more than 2GB
Note, if you download the OpenWRT image, you will see the following two types of images in the download link of the OpenWRT image, please download the image file in the “TF card, eMMC and NVME SSD boot image” folder.

Then use decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, then find DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as follows
a. Click the “Driver Installation” button
b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, and then click the “OK” button.
Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer is not connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
Then start burning the Linux image to the SSD a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
b. Make sure the development board is not connected to the power supply, and no TF card or eMMC module is inserted
c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board. The position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below:
d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on, and then release the MaskROM button. The location of the
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Type-C power interface is as follows:

e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “Found a MASKROM device”

f. Then place the mouse cursor in the area below

g. Then click the right mouse button and the selection interface shown in the figure below will pop up
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h. Then select the Import configuration option
i. Then enter the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, then select the rk3588_linux_pcie.cfg configuration file, and click Open

j. Then click OK
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k. Then click the location shown in the figure below
l. Then select MiniLoaderAll.bin in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and then click to open
m. Then click the position shown in the figure below
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n. Then enter the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, select rkspi_loader.img, and click Open
o. Then click the location shown in the figure below
p. Then select the path of the linux image you want to burn, and click Open Before burning the image, it is recommended to rename the linux image to be
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burned to orangepi.img or other shorter names, so that you can see the percentage value of the burning progress when burning the image.

q. Then please check the option to force write by address

r. Click the Execute button again to start burning the u-boot+linux image to SPIFlash+SSD

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s. The display log after burning the image is shown in the figure below

If there is a problem with burning, please clear the SPIFlash first and then try burning again. For the method of clearing SPIFlash, please refer to the instructions in the section of using RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash.
t. After the image is burnt, it will automatically start the linux system in SPIFlash+PCIe SSD. If it does not start normally, please power on and try again.
2.7. How to burn OpenWRT image to SPI FLASH
The method introduced in this section is to burn the entire OpenWRT image to spi flash, no nvme ssd is required. In other words, u-boot, kernel and rootfs are all stored in spi flash.
Since the spi flash on the development board is only 16MB, this system basically cannot install much software, and currently only some basic functions can be realized.
2.7.1. The method of using the dd command to burn

Burning the OpenWRT image to SPIFlash needs to be completed with the help of a TF card, so first you need to burn the OpenWRT image that supports TF card startup to the TF card, and then use the TF card to start the development board to enter the OpenWRT system. For the method of burning the OpenWRT image to the TF card, please refer to the instructions in the two sections of the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Windows PC and the method of burning the Linux image to the TF card based on the Ubuntu PC.
Then download the OpenWRT image that can boot from SPIFlash from Orange Pi’s
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download page. After opening the download link, you can see the following two types of OpenWRT images, please select the image in the SPIFlash boot image folder to download

Then upload the image downloaded from the official website to the TF card.
Then execute the following command to burn the OpenWRT image into SPIFlash. Note that after if=, you need to specify the actual path where the image is stored
root@OpenWrt:~# dd if=openwrt-rockchip-armv8-xunlong_orangepi-5-plus-spi- squashfs-sysupgrade.bin of=/dev/mtdblock0
Then you can use the poweroff command to shut down. Then please pull out the TF card, and then short press the power button to turn on, and then the OpenWRT system in SPIFlash will be started.
2.7.2. Using RKDevTool to burn
The position of the SPI Flash on the development board is shown in the figure below, no other settings are required before starting the programming
Then you need to prepare a data cable with good quality Type-C interface

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Then download the Rockchip driver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and MiniLoader and the burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from the Orange Pi data download page
a. On the download page of Orange Pi, first select the official tool, and then enter the following folder

b. Then download all the files below

Note that the “MiniLoader-things needed to burn the Linux image” folder is hereinafter referred to as the MiniLoader folder. 4) Then download the OpenWRT image that can be booted from SPIFlash from the download page of Orange Pi. Limited by the capacity of SPIFlash, the image size is less than 16MB. After opening the download link, you can see the following two types of OpenWRT images, please select the image in the SPIFlash boot image folder
5) Then use decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, and then find the DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as follows
a. Click the “Driver Installation” button
b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, and then click the “OK” button.
Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it

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After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer has not been connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
Then start burning the OpenWRT image into SPI FLASH a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
b. Make sure the development board is not connected to the power supply, and the TF card and eMMC module are not inserted
c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board. The position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below:
d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on, and then release the MaskROM button
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e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “Found a MASKROM device”

f. Then place the mouse cursor in the area below

g. Then click the right mouse button and the selection interface shown in the figure below will pop up
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h. Then select the Import configuration option
i. Then select the rk3588_linux_spiflash.cfg configuration file in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and click Open

j. Then click OK
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k. Then click the location shown in the figure below
l. Then select MiniLoaderAll.bin in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and click Open
m. Then click the location shown in the figure below
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n. Then select the path of the OpenWRT image you want to burn, and click Open Before burning the image, it is recommended to rename the OpenWRT image to be burned to orangepi.img or other shorter names, so that you can see the percentage value of the burning progress when burning the image.
o. Then please make sure that the option to force writing by address is ticked

p. Click the Execute button again to start burning the OpenWRT image into SPIFlash
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q. The display log after burning the OpenWRT image is shown in the figure below
If there is a problem with burning, please clear the SPIFlash first and then try burning again. For the method of clearing SPIFlash, please refer to the instructions in the section of using RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash.
r. The OpenWRT image will start automatically after burning, if it does not start normally, please try again with power on.
2.8. How to burn Android image to TF card

First prepare a TF card with a capacity of 16GB or greater. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands 2) Then use the card reader to insert the TF card into the computer
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Then download the SDDiskTool programming tool from the Orange Pi data download page, please make sure that the version of the SDDiskTool tool is the latest v1.72
Then download the Android12 image from the Orange Pi download page a. After opening the download link of the Android image, you can see the following two types of Android images, please select the image in the TF card and eMMC boot image folder to download

b. After entering the TF card and eMMC boot image folder, you can see the following three images, the difference between them is: a) The first image is dedicated to HDMI display and supports 8K display. If you don’t use LCD screen, please download the image without lcd b) If you want to use lcd screen, please choose image with lcd c) The image with box is a image dedicated to the TV box

Then use decompression software to decompress the compressed package of the downloaded Android image. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the Android image file, and the size is more than 1GB 6) Then use decompression software to decompress SDDiskTool_v1.72.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find SD_Firmware_Tool.exe in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening SDDiskTool, if the TF card is recognized normally, the inserted disk device will be displayed in the “Select Removable Disk Device” column. Please make sure that the displayed disk device is consistent with the drive letter of the TF card you want to burn If there is no display, you can try to unplug the TF card
After confirming the drive letter, you can format the TF card first, click the restore disk button in SDDiskTool, or use the SD Card Formatter mentioned above to format the TF card
Then start to write the Android image to the TF card
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a. First check “SD Boot” in “Select Function Mode” b. Then select the path of the Android image in the “Select to upgrade firmware” column c. Finally click the “Start Create” button to start burning the Android image to the TF card

After burning, you can exit the SDDiskTool software, and then you can pull out the TF card from the computer and insert it into the development board to start

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2.9. How to burn Android image into eMMC

Note, after burning the image into eMMC, if the test finds that it cannot be started, please clear the SPIFlash and try again. For the method of clearing SPIFlash, please refer to the method of using RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash.
2.9.1. How to burn Android image into eMMC via Type-C cable
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer.

The developmentd board reserves an eMMC expansion interface. Before programming the system to eMMC, you first need to purchase an eMMC module that matches the eMMC interface of the development board. Then install the eMMC module to the development board. The eMMC module and the method of plugging into the development board are as follows:
It is also necessary to prepare a data cable with a good quality Type-C interface
Then download Rockchip driver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and burning tool
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RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from Orange Pi’s download page. 4) Then download the Android image from Orange Pi’s download page.
a. After opening the download link of the Android image, you can see the following two types of Android images, please select the image in the TF card and eMMC startup image folder to download

b. After entering the TF card and eMMC boot image folder, you can see the following three images, the difference between them is:
a) The first image is dedicated to HDMI display and supports 8K display. If you don’t use LCD screen, please download the image without lcd b) If you want to use lcd screen, please choose image with lcd c) The image with box is a image dedicated to the TV box

Then use the decompression software to decompress the compressed package of the downloaded Android image. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the Android image file, and the size is more than 1GB
Then use decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, and then find the DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it

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After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as follows
a. Click the “Driver Installation” button

b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, then click “OK”

Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer has not been connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
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Then start burning the Android image into eMMC a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
b. Then make sure that the development board is not inserted into the TF card and not connected to the power supply
c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board, the position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below
d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on
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e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “found a MASKROM device”

f. Then click the “Upgrade Firmware” column of the burning tool

g. Then click the “Firmware” button to select the path of the Android image that needs to be burned
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h. Finally, click the “Upgrade” button to start burning, and the log during the burning process is shown in the figure below. After burning is completed, the Android system will start automatically.

2.9.2. How to burn Android 12 image into eMMC via TF card
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer. 1) The development board reserves an eMMC expansion interface. Before programming the system to eMMC, you first need to purchase an eMMC module that matches the eMMC interface of the development board. Then install the eMMC module to the development board. The eMMC module and the method of plugging into the development board are as follows:
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You also need to prepare a TF card with 8GB or larger capacity. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands 3) Then use the card reader to insert the TF card into the computer 4) Then download the SDDiskTool programming tool from the Orange Pi data download page, please ensure that the version of the SDDiskTool tool is the latest v1.72 5) Then download the Android image from Orange Pi’s download page
a. After opening the download link of the Android image, you can see the following two types of Android images, please select the image in the TF card and eMMC startup image folder to download
b. After entering the TF card and eMMC boot image folder, you can see the following three images, the difference between them is: a) The first image is dedicated to HDMI display and supports 8K display. If you don’t use LCD screen, please download the image without lcd b) If you want to use lcd screen, please choose mirror with lcd c) The mirror with box is a mirror dedicated to the TV box
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Then use decompression software to decompress the compressed package of the downloaded Android image. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the Android image file, and the size is more than 1GB
Then use decompression software to decompress SDDiskTool_v1.72.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find SD_Firmware_Tool.ex in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening SDDiskTool, if the TF card is recognized normally, the inserted disk device will be displayed in the “Select Removable Disk Device” column. Please make sure that the displayed disk device is consistent with the drive letter of the TF card you want to burn, if there is no display, you can try to unplug the TF card
After confirming the drive letter, you can format the TF card first, click the restore disk button in SDDiskTool, or use the SD Card Formatter mentioned above to format the TF card
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Then start to write the Android image into the TF card a. First confirm that the displayed drive letter is the drive letter corresponding to the TF card under “Select Removable Disk Device” b. Then select “Firmware Upgrade” in “Select Function Mode” c. Then select the path of the Android firmware in the “Select Upgrade Firmware” column d. Finally click the “Start Create” button to start burning
After the burning is completed, the display is as shown in the figure below, and then you can exit SDDiskTool
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Then pull out the TF card from the computer and insert it into the development board. After the development board is powered on, it will automatically start burning the Android image in the TF card to the eMMC of the development board.
If the development board is connected to an HDMI display, you can also see the progress bar of burning the Android image to eMMC from the HDMI display
When the HDMI monitor displays the following information, it means that the burning of the Android image into the eMMC has been completed. At this time, the TF card can be pulled out, and then the Android system in the eMMC will start.
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2.10. How to burn Android image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer. 1) First, you need to prepare an M-Key 2280 specification NVMe SSD solid state drive, and the specification of the PCIe interface in the M.2 slot of the development board is PCIe3.0x4.
2) Then insert the NVMe SSD into the M.2 PCIe interface of the development board and fix it
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The position of the SPI Flash on the development board is shown in the figure below, no other settings are required before starting the programming
It is also necessary to prepare a data cable with a good quality Type-C interface
Then download Rockchip driver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from Orange Pi’s data download page. 6) Then download the Android12 image from the Orange Pi download page
a. After opening the download link of the Android image, you can see the following two types of Android images, please select the image in the SPIFlash-NVME SSD boot image folder to download
b. After entering the SPIFlash-NVME SSD boot image folder, you can see the following three images. Their differences are:
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a) The first image is dedicated to HDMI display and supports 8K display. If you don’t use LCD screen, please download the image without lcd
b) If you want to use lcd screen, please choose image with lcd c) The image with box is a image dedicated to the TV box

Then use the decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, and then find the DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as followsa. a. Click the “Driver Install” button
b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, then click the “OK” button
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Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it
10)After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer is not connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
Then start burning the Android image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
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b. Make sure that the development board is not plugged into TF and eMMC modules, and is not connected to the power supply
c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board, the position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below:
d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on, and then release the MaskROM button

e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “Found a MASKROM device”

f. Then click the “Upgrade Firmware” column of the burning tool
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g. Then click the “Firmware” button to select the Android image to be burned
h. Finally, click the “Upgrade” button to start burning. The burning process is shown in the figure below. After the burning is completed, the Android system will automatically start.

2.11. How to burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to TF card
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer.
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First prepare a TF card with 8GB or larger capacity. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands
Then use the card reader to insert the TF card into the computer
Then download the SDDiskTool programming tool from the Orange Pi data download page, please make sure that the version of the SDDiskTool tool is the latest v1.72.
Then download the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image from the Orange Pi data download page, open the download link of the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image, and you can see the following two types of images, please select the image below
Then use decompression software to decompress the compressed file of the downloaded Orange Pi OS (Droid) image. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image file, and the size is more than 1GB
Then use decompression software to decompress SDDiskTool_v1.72.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find SD_Firmware_Tool.ex in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening SDDiskTool, if the TF card is recognized normally, the inserted disk device will be displayed in the “Select Removable Disk Device” column. Please make sure that the displayed disk device is consistent with the drive letter of the TF card you want to burn , if there is no display, you can try to unplug the TF card
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After confirming the drive letter, you can format the TF card first, click the restore disk button in SDDiskTool, or use the SD Card Formatter mentioned above to format the TF card
Then start to write the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image into the TF card a. First check “SD Boot” in “Select Function Mode” b. Then select the path of the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image in the “Select to upgrade firmware” column c. Finally, click the “Start Create” button to start burning the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to the TF card
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After burning, you can exit the SDDiskTool software, and then you can pull out the TF card from the computer and insert it into the development board to start

2.12. How to burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image into eMMC
Note, after burning the image into eMMC, if the test finds that it cannot be started, please clear the SPIFlash and try again. For the method of clearing SPIFlash, please refer to the method of using RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash.
2.12.1. Burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to eMMC
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer.

The development board reserves an eMMC expansion interface. Before programming
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the system to eMMC, you first need to purchase an eMMC module that matches the eMMC interface of the development board. Then install the eMMC module to the development board. The eMMC module and the method of plugging into the development board are as follows:

It is also necessary to prepare a data cable with a good quality Type-C interface
Then download Rockchip driver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from Orange Pi’s data download page 4) Then download the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image from the Orange Pi download page
Then use decompression software to decompress the compressed file of the downloaded Orange Pi OS (Droid) image. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image file, and the size is more than 1GB
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Then use decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, then find the DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as follows
a. Click the “Driver Installation” button
b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, and then click the “OK” button.
Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer is not connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
Then start burning Orange Pi OS (Droid) image into eMMC a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
b. Make sure that the development board is not inserted into the TF card and not connected to the power supply
c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board, the position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the
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figure below:

d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on

e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “found a MASKROM device”

f. Then click the “Upgrade Firmware” column of the burning tool

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g. Then click the “Firmware” button to select the path of the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image that needs to be burned
h. Finally, click the “Upgrade” button to start burning, and the log during the burning process is shown in the figure below. After burning, the Orange Pi OS (Droid) system will start automatically.
2.12.2. Burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to eMMC via TF card
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer.
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The development board reserves an eMMC expansion interface. Before programming the system to eMMC, you first need to purchase an eMMC module that matches the eMMC interface of the development board. Then install the eMMC module to the development board. The location of the eMMC interface is as follows:
You also need to prepare a TF card with 8GB or larger capacity. The transmission speed of the TF card must be class10 or above. It is recommended to use a TF card of SanDisk and other brands
Then use the card reader to insert the TF card into the computer
Then download the SDDiskTool programming tool from the Orange Pi data download page, please ensure that the version of the SDDiskTool tool is the latest v1.72.
Then download the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image from the Orange Pi download page
Then use the decompression software to decompress the compressed package of the downloaded Orange Pi OS (Droid) image. Among the decompressed files, the file ending with “.img” is the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image file, and the size is more than 1GB
Then use decompression software to decompress SDDiskTool_v1.72.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find SD_Firmware_Tool.exe in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening SDDiskTool, if the TF card is recognized normally, the inserted disk device will be displayed in the “Select Removable Disk Device” column. Please make sure that the displayed disk device is consistent with the drive letter of the TF card you want to burn, if there is no display, you can try to unplug the TF card.
After confirming the drive letter, you can format the TF card first, click the restore disk button in SDDiskTool, or use the SD Card Formatter mentioned above to format the TF card
Then start to write the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image into the TF card
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a. First confirm that the displayed drive letter is the drive letter corresponding to the TF card under “Select Removable Disk Device” b. Then select “Firmware Upgrade” in “Select Function Mode” c. Then select the path of the Orange Pi OS (Droid) firmware in the “Select Upgrade Firmware” column d. Finally click the “Start Create” button to start burning

After the burning is completed, the display is as shown in the figure below, and then you can exit SDDiskTool
Then pull out the TF card from the computer and insert it into the development board. After the development board is powered on, it will automatically start burning the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image in the TF card to the eMMC of the development board.
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If the development board is connected to an HDMI display, you can also see the progress bar of burning the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to eMMC from the HDMI display
When the HDMI monitor displays the following information, it means that the burning of the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to the eMMC has been completed. At this time, the TF card can be pulled out, and then the Orange Pi OS (Droid) system in the eMMC will start to start .

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2.13. Burn Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD
Note that all the following operations are performed on a Windows computer. 1) First, you need to prepare a 2280 specification NVMe SSD solid state drive. The specification of the PCIe interface in the M.2 slot of the development board is PCIe3.0x4.
2) Then insert the NVMe SSD into the M.2 PCIe interface of the development board and fix it
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The position of the SPI Flash on the development board is shown in the figure below, no other settings are required before starting the programming
It is also necessary to prepare a data cable with a good quality Type-C interface
Then download the Rockchip driver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and the burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from the Orange Pi data download page 6) Then download the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image, open the download link of the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image and you can see the following two types of images, please select the image with spi-nvme to download
Then use the decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, and then find the DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as follows
a. Click the “Driver Installation” button
b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “driver installed successfully”, and then click the “OK” button.
Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it
After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer is not connected
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to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”

Then start burning the Android image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
b. Make sure that the development board is not plugged into the TF and eMMC modules, and is not connected to the power supply
c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board, the position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below:
d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on, and then release the MaskROM button
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e. If the previous steps are successful, the development board will enter the MASKROM mode at this time, and the interface of the burning tool will prompt “found a MASKROM device”

f. Then click the “Upgrade Firmware” column of the burning tool

g. Then click the “Firmware” button to select the Orange Pi OS (Droid) image to be burned
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h. Finally, click the “Upgrade” button to start burning. The burning process is shown in the figure below. After the burning is completed, the Orange Pi OS (Droid) system will automatically start.

2.14. How to use RKDevTool to clear SPIFlash

The position of SPI Flash on the development board is shown in the figure below
First, you need to prepare a data cable with a good quality Type-C interface
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Then download the Rockchip driver DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip and MiniLoader and the burning tool RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip from the Orange Pi data download page
a. On the Orange Pi data download page, first select the official tool, and then enter the following folder
b. Then download all the files below
Note that the “MiniLoader-things needed to burn the Linux image” folder is hereinafter referred to as the MiniLoader folder. 4) Then use the decompression software to decompress DriverAssitant_v5.12.zip, and then find the DriverInstall.exe executable file in the decompressed folder and open it
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After opening DriverInstall.exe, the steps to install the Rockchip driver are as follows
a. Click the “Driver Installation” button
b. After waiting for a period of time, a pop-up window will prompt “The driver is installed successfully”, and then click the “OK” button.
Then decompress RKDevTool_Release_v3.15.zip, this software does not need to be installed, just find RKDevTool in the decompressed folder and open it

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After opening the RKDevTool burning tool, because the computer has not been connected to the development board through the Type-C cable at this time, the lower left corner will prompt “No device found”
Then you can start to clear the contents of the SPI FLASH a. First, connect the development board to the Windows computer through the Type-C data cable. The position of the Type-C interface on the development board is shown in the figure below
b. Make sure the development board is not connected to the power supply c. Then press and hold the MaskROM button on the development board, the
position of the MaskROM button on the development board is shown in the figure below:
d. Then connect the power supply of the Type-C interface to the development board, and power on, and then release the MaskROM button
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e. If the previous steps are successful, at this time the development board will enter the Maskrom mode, and it will be prompted “Find a Maskrom device” on the interface of the recording tool

f. Then please select advanced features g. Then click the position shown in the figure below

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h. Then select MiniLoaderAll.bin in the MiniLoader folder downloaded earlier, and then click Open

i. Then click download

j. The display after downloading MiniLoaderAll.bin is shown in the figure below

k. Then select the storage device as SPINOR
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l. Then click switch storage m. Then click Erase All to start erasing SPIFlash n. The display log after erasing SPIFlash is shown in the figure below
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2.15. Start the Orange Pi development board

Insert the burned TF card or eMMC module into the TF card slot of the Orange Pi development board. If the image of SPIFlash+NVMe SSD has been burnt, then there is no need to insert a TF card or eMMC module, just make sure that the NVMe SSD is normally inserted into the development board.
The development board has an HDMI interface, and the development board can be connected to a TV or HDMI display through an HDMI-to-HDMI cable. If you buy an LCD screen, you can also use the LCD screen to display the system interface of the development board. If there is a Type-C to HDMI cable, the system interface of the development board can also be displayed through the Type-C interface.
Connect a USB mouse and keyboard to control the Orange Pi development board.
The development board has an Ethernet port, which can be plugged into a network cable for Internet access.
Connect a high-quality power adapter with a 5V/4A USB Type-C interface. Remember not to plug in a power adapter with a voltage output greater than 5V,
as this will burn out the development board. Many unstable phenomena during the power-on and start-up process of the
system are basically caused by power supply problems, so a reliable power adapter is very important. If you find that there is a phenomenon of continuous restart during the startup process, please replace the power supply or the Type-C data cable and try again.
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The Type-C power port does not support PD negotiation.
In addition, please do not connect the USB interface of the computer to power the development board.

Then turn on the switch of the power adapter. If everything is normal, you can see the startup screen of the system on the HDMI monitor or LCD screen.
If you want to view the output information of the system through the debugging serial port, please use the serial cable to connect the development board to the computer. For the connection method of the serial port, please refer to the section on how to use the debugging serial port.
2.16. How to use the debugging serial port
2.16.1. Connection instruction of debugging serial port
First, you need to prepare a 3.3V USB to TTL module, and then insert the USB interface end of the USB to TTL module into the USB interface of the computer.
For better compatibility, it is recommended to use CH340 USB to TTL module, please do not use CP2102, PL2303 type USB to TTL module.
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Before purchasing a USB to TTL module, please confirm that the module supports a baud rate of 1500000.

The corresponding relationship between GND, RXD and TXD pins of the debugging serial port of the development board is shown in the figure below:
The GND, TXD and RXD pins of the USB to TTL module need to be connected to the debugging serial port of the development board through a DuPont line
a. The GND of the USB to TTL module is connected to the GND of the development board
b. The RX of the USB to TTL module is connected to the TX of the development board
c. The TX of the USB to TTL module is connected to the RX of the development board
The schematic diagram of connecting the USB to TTL module to the computer and the Orange Pi development board is as follows
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The TX and RX of the serial port need to be cross-connected. If you don’t want to carefully distinguish the order of TX and RX, you can connect the TX and RX of the serial port casually. If there is no output in the test, then exchange the order of TX and RX, so that there is always a This order is correct.
2.16.2. How to use the debugging serial port on the Ubuntu platform
There are many serial port debugging software that can be used under Linux, such as putty, minicom, etc. The following demonstrates how to use putty.

First, insert the USB-to-TTL module into the USB port of the Ubuntu computer. If the connection and recognition of the USB-to-TTL module is normal, you can see the corresponding device node name under /dev on the Ubuntu PC. Remember this node name, and then set the serial port software will be used. test@test:~$ ls /dev/ttyUSB* /dev/ttyUSB0
Then use the following command to install putty on Ubuntu PC test@test:~$ sudo apt-get update test@test:~$ sudo apt-get install -y putty
Then run putty, remember to add sudo permission test@test:~$ sudo putty
After executing the putty command, the following interface will pop up
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First select the setting interface of the serial port
Then set the parameters of the serial port a. Set the Serial line to connect to as /dev/ttyUSB0 (modify to the corresponding node name, generally /dev/ttyUSB0) b. Set Speed(baud) to 1500000 (the baud rate of the serial port)
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c. Set Flow control to None

After setting the serial port setting interface, return to the Session interface a. First select the Connection type as Serial b. Then click the Open button to connect to the serial port
After starting the development board, you can see the Log information output by the
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system from the opened serial port terminal

2.16.3. How to use the debugging serial port on Windows platform
There are many serial port debugging software that can be used under Windows, such as SecureCRT, MobaXterm, etc. The following demonstrates how to use MobaXterm. This software has a free version and can be used without buying a serial number.

Download MobaXterm a. Download MobaXterm website as follows
https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net b. After entering the MobaXterm download page, click GET XOBATERM NOW!

c. Then choose to download the Home version
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d. Then select Portable portable version, no need to install after downloading, just open it and use it

After downloading, use decompression software to decompress the downloaded compressed package, you can get the executable software of MobaXterm, and then double-click to open
After opening the software, the steps to set up the serial port connection are as follows a. Open the session settings interface b. Select the serial port type c. Select the port number of the serial port (select the corresponding port number
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according to the actual situation), if you cannot see the port number, please use 360 Driver Master to scan and install the driver for the USB to TTL serial port chip d. Select the baud rate of the serial port as 1500000 e. Finally click the “OK” button to complete the settings

After clicking the “OK” button, you will enter the following interface. At this time, start the development board and you can see the output information of the serial port
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2.17. Instructions for using the 5v pin in the 40pin interface of the development board to supply power
The power supply method we recommend for the development board is to use the 5V/4A or 5V/5A Type-C interface power cord to plug into the Type-C power interface of the development board for power supply. If you need to use the 5V pin in the 40pin interface to power the development board, please make sure that the power cable and power adapter used can meet the power supply requirements of the development board. If the use is unstable, please switch back to the Type-C power supply. 1) First, you need to prepare a power cord as shown in the figure below
The power cord shown in the picture above can be bought on Taobao, please search and buy by yourself.
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Use the 5V pin in the 40pin interface to supply power to the development board. The connection method of the power line is as follows
a. The USB A port of the power cord shown in the above picture needs to be plugged into the 5V/4A or 5V/5A power adapter connector (please do not plug into the USB port of the computer for power supply, nor can the general mobile phone charging head, because the development board Without the PD function, the general mobile phone charging head can only output the lowest 5V/2A)
b. The red DuPont line needs to be plugged into the 5V pin of the development board 40pin
c. The black DuPont line needs to be inserted into the GND pin of the 40pin interface
d. The positions of the 5V pin and the GND pin of the 40pin interface in the development board are shown in the figure below, remember not to reverse the connection

3. Ubuntu/Debian Server and Xfce desktop system
instructions
The content of this chapter is written based on the Ubuntu/Debian server version image and the xfce desktop version image.
If you are using the Ubuntu22.04 Gnome image, please first check the instructions in the chapter Ubuntu22.04 Gnome Wayland Desktop System Instructions.
You can refer to the instructions in this chapter for the content that does not exist in the chapter of Ubuntu22.04 Gnome Wayland Desktop System User
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Manual, but some details may be different, please pay special attention to this point. If you are using the OPi OS Arch image, please refer to the chapter Orange Pi
OS Arch System Instructions.

3.1. Supported Ubuntu/Debian image types and kernel versions

Linux image type Debian 11 – Bullseye Debian 12 – Bookworm Ubuntu 20.04 – Focal Ubuntu 22.04 – Jammy

kernel version Linux5.10 Linux5.10 Linux5.10 Linux5.10

server version support
plan support support support

desktop version support
plan support support support

3.2. Linux system adaptation

Function HDMI TX1 Video HDMI TX1 Audio HDMI TX2 Video HDMI TX2 Audio HDMI RX Video HDMI RX Audio
USB2.0X2 USB3.0X2 2.5G PCIe network
port X2 2.5G PCIe network
port light Debug serial port
RTC Chip FAN interface eMMC Extension ports AP6275P-WIFI AP6275P-BT

Linux5.10 driver
OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
OK
OK OK OK OK OK OK

Debian11 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
OK
OK OK OK OK OK OK

Ubuntu20.04 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK

Ubuntu22.04 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK

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AX200-WIFI AX200-BT
AX210-WIFI AX210-BT
RTL8852BE-WIFI RTL8852BE-BT
MaskROM button
Type-C USB3.0 Type-C ADB Function
Type-C DP Video Type-C DP Audio
switch button infrared function Three-color LED light
Onboard MIC headphone playback headphone recording
SPK Horn 40PIN GPIO 40PIN I2C
40PIN SPI 40PIN UART 40PIN

Orange P PDDR4 4x Rockchip RK3588 8 Core 64 Bit Single Board Computer User Manual

PDDR4 4x Rockchip RK3588 8 Core 64 Bit Single Board Computer

Specifications

Product Usage Instructions

1. Basic Features of Orange Pi 5 Plus

1.1. What is Orange Pi 5 Plus

1.2. Purpose of Orange Pi 5 Plus

1.3. Hardware Specifications of Orange Pi 5 Plus

1.4. Top view and bottom view of Orange Pi 5 Plus

1.5. Interface details of Orange Pi 5 Plus

2. Introduction to the use of the development board

2.1. Prepare the required accessories

2.3. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Windows

2.4. Method of burning Linux image to TF card based on Ubuntu

2.5. How to burn Linux image to eMMC

2.6. How to burn Linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD

2.7. How to burn OpenWRT image to SPI FLASH

2.8. How to burn Android image to TF card

2.9. How to burn Android image into eMMC

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

References

Read User Manual Online (PDF format)

Download This Manual (PDF format)

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